IBM DNES-318350, DNES-309170 Specification

S25L-1252-04

OEM HARD DISK DRIVE SPECIFICATIONS

for

DNES-318350 / DNES-309170 ( 18 / 9 GB )

3.5-Inch SCSI Hard Disk Drive
Revision (1.2)

S25L-1252-04

OEM HARD DISK DRIVE SPECIFICATIONS

for

DNES-318350 / DNES-309170 ( 18 / 9 GB )

3.5-Inch SCSI Hard Disk Drive
Revision (1.2)

1st Edition (Rev.0.1) S25L-1252-00 (Oct. 22, 1998) Preliminary
2nd Edition (Rev.0.2) S25L-1252-01 (Oct. 30, 1998) Preliminary
3rd Edition (Rev.1.0) S25L-1252-02 (Dec. 16, 1998)
4th Edition (Rev.1.1) S25L-1252-03 (Apr. 20, 1999)
5th Edition (Rev.1.2) S25L-1252-04 (Jul. 29, 1999)

The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country where such provisions are
inconsistent with local law: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS

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in certain transactions, therefore, this statement may not apply to You.

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information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make improve­ments and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this publication at any time.

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Technical information about this product is available from your local IBM representative or at

http://www.ibm.com/harddrive

IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter in this document. The furnishing
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IBM Director of Commercial Relations, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY 10577.

 Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1999. All rights reserved.

Note to U.S. Government Users —Documentation related to restricted rights —Use, duplication or disclosure is
subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

Contents

1.0 General ...................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction ................................................... 1

1.2 References .................................................... 1

1.3 Glossary ..................................................... 2

1.4 General Caution ................................................ 2

1.0 Outline of the drive ............................................... 3

Part 1. Functional Specification ....................................... 5

2.0 Fixed Disk Subsystem Description ....................................... 7

2.1 Control Electronics ............................................... 7

2.2 Head Disk Assembly .............................................. 7

2.3 Actuator ..................................................... 7

3.0 Drive Characteristics ..............................................

3.1 Formatted Capacity ...............................................

3.2 Data Sheet ....................................................

3.3 Cylinder Allocation ..............................................

3.4 Performance Characteristics .........................................

3.4.1 Command overhead ...........................................

3.4.2 Mechanical Positioning .........................................

3.4.3 Drive Ready Time ............................................

3.4.4 Spindle S t o p Time ............................................

3.4.5 Data Transfer Speed ...........................................

3.4.6 Buffering Operation (Lookahead/Write Cache) ...........................

3.4.7 Throughput ................................................

4.0 Data integrity .................................................

4.1 Equipment Status ...............................................

4.2 Error Recovery ................................................ 17

5.0 Physical Format ................................................ 19

5.1 Shipped Fo r m at (PList) ........................................... 19

5.2 Reassigned For m at (G-List) ......................................... 19

6.0 Specification ..................................................

6.1 Electrical Interface Specification ......................................

6.1.1 Power Connector .............................................

6.1.2 SCSI Bus Connector ...........................................

6.1.3 SCSI Cable ................................................

6.1.4 SCSI Bus Terminator ..........................................

6.1.5 H ot Pl ug / Unplug ............................................ 26

6.1.6 SCSI Bus Electrical Characteristics .................................. 26

6.1.7 Auxiliary Connector on 68-pin Model ................................. 27

6.2 Option Jumper Block .............................................

6.2.1 Jumper Pin of 50-pin SE model ....................................

6.2.2 Jumper Pin of 68-pin SE model ....................................

6.2.3 Jumper Pin of 68-pin LVD/SE Multi-mode model .........................

6.2.4 Jumper Pin of 80-pin LVD/SE Multi-mode model .........................

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 Copyright IBM Corp. 1998, 1999 iii

6.2.5 Jumper Signal Description o n J-6 ................................... 34

6.2.6 Jumper Signal Description o n J-4 ................................... 34

6.2.7 Ship ping Default ............................................. 38

6.3 LED Circuit .................................................. 39

6.3.1 50- Pin Model ............................................... 39

6.3.2 68- Pin Model ............................................... 40

6.3.3 80- Pin Model ............................................... 41

6.4 Environment .................................................. 42

6.5 Cooling Requirements ............................................ 43

6.6 D C Power Requirements ........................................... 44

6.6.1 Start Up Current ............................................. 46

6.7 Reliability ................................................... 47

6.7.1 Contact Start St op (CSS) ........................................ 47

6.7.2 Data Reliability .............................................. 47

6.7.3 Seek/ID Mis-compare Errors ...................................... 47

6.7.4 Equipment Errors ............................................ 47

6.7.5 Failure Prediction ( P FA / S.M.A.R.T.) ............................... 47

6.7.6 Automatic Drive Maintenance (ADM) ................................ 48

6.7.7 Preventive Maintenance ......................................... 48

6.7.8 Temperature Warning ..........................................

6.8 Mechanical Specifications ..........................................

6.8.1 Outline ..................................................

6.8.2 Mechanical Dimensions .........................................

6.8.3 Interface Connector ...........................................

6.8.4 Mounting Positions and Tappings ..................................

6.8.5 Ship ping Zone and Lock ........................................

6.8.6 Breather Hole ...............................................

6.9 Vibration and Shock .............................................

6.9.1 Operating Vibration ...........................................

6.9.2 Non-Operating Vibrations .......................................

6.9.3 Operating Shock .............................................

6.9.4 Non-Operating Shock ..........................................

6.10 Acoustics ...................................................

6.10.1 Sound Power Levels ..........................................

6.11 Identification Labels ............................................. 59

6.12 Electromagnetic Compatibility ....................................... 59

6.12.1 CE Mark ................................................ 59

6.12.2 C-Tick Mar k .............................................. 59

6.13 Safety ..................................................... 60

6.13.1 Underwriters L a b (UL) Approval ..................................

6.13.2 Canadian Standards Authority (CSA) Approval ..........................

6.13.3 IEC Compliance ............................................

6.13.4 German Safety Mark ..........................................

6.13.5 Flammability ..............................................

6.13.6 Secondary Circuit Protection .....................................

6.14 Packaging ...................................................

48
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Part 2. SCSI Interface Specification ................................... 61

7.0 SCSI COMMAND SET ...........................................

7.1 SCSI Control Byte ..............................................

7.2 Abbreviations

7.3 Byte ordering conventions

7.4 FORMAT UNIT (04) ............................................

.................................................

..........................................

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iv O EM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

7.4.1 Defect List ................................................ 66

7.4.2 Defect Descriptor ............................................. 67

7.5 INQUIRY (12) ................................................ 69

7.6 Inquiry data .................................................. 70

7.6.1 Inquiry Data For mat - EVPD = 0 .................................. 71

7.6.2 Inquiry Data For mat - EVPD = 1 - Page Code = 00 ....................... 74

7.6.3 Inquiry Data For mat - EVPD = 1 - Page Code = 80h ...................... 75

7.7 LOG SELECT (4C) ............................................. 76

7.8 LOG SENSE (4D) .............................................. 77

7.8.1 Log Page parameters ........................................... 78

7.8.2 Log Sense Page 0 ............................................. 79

7.8.3 Log Sense Page 2 ............................................. 80

7.8.4 Log Sense Page 3 ............................................. 82

7.8.5 Log Sense Page 5 ............................................. 84

7.8.6 Log Sense Page 6 ............................................. 86

7.8.7 Log Sense Page 2 F ............................................ 87

7.8.8 Log Sense Page 30 ............................................ 88

7.8.9 Log Sense Page 31 ............................................ 88

7.8.10 Log Sense Page 32 ........................................... 88

7.8.11 Log Sense Page 3E ...........................................

7.8.12 Log Sense Page 3 F ...........................................

7.9 MODE SENSE (1A) .............................................

7.9.2 Mode Parameter List ..........................................

7.9.3 Page 0 (Vendor Unique Parameters) ..................................

7.9.4 Page 1 (Read/Write Error Recovery Parameters) ..........................

7.9.5 Page 2 (Disconnect/Reconnect Parameters) .............................

7.9.6 Page 3 (Format Device Parameters) ..................................

7.9.7 Page 4 (Rigid Disk Drive Geometry Parameters) ..........................

7.9.8 Page 7 (Verify Error Recovery Parameters) ..............................

7.9.9 Page 8 (Caching Parameters) ......................................

7.9.10 Page A (Control Mode Page Parameters) ..............................

7.9.11 Page 0 C (Notch Parameters) .....................................

7.9.12 Page 1A (Power Control) .......................................

7.9.13 Page 1C (Informational Exceptions Control) ............................

88
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113
115
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118

7.10 MODE SENSE (5A) ............................................ 120

7.11 MODE SELECT (15) ............................................ 121

7.12 MODE SELECT (55) ............................................ 123

7.13 PRE-FETCH (34) .............................................. 124

7.14 READ (08) .................................................. 125

7.15 RE AD CAPACITY (25) ..........................................

7.16 READ DEFECT DATA (37) .......................................

7.16.1 Defect List Header ...........................................

7.16.2 Bytes from Index Fo r m at (100b) ...................................

7.16.3 Physical Sector F or m at (101b) ....................................

7.17 READ DEFECT DATA (B7) .......................................

7.17.1 Defect List Header ...........................................

7.17.2 Bytes from Index Fo r m at (100b) ...................................

126
128
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131
132
132

7.17.3 Physical Sector F or m at (101b) .................................... 133

7.18 READ EXTENDED (28) ......................................... 134

7.19 READ BUFFER (3C) ...........................................

7.19.1 Combined Header An d Data (Mode 000) .............................

7.19.2 Read Data (Mode 010b) ........................................

7.19.3 Descriptor (Mode 011b) ........................................

7.20 READ LONG (3E) .............................................

7.21 REASSIGN BLOCKS (07) ........................................

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139

Contents v

7.22 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTICS (1C) ..................................... 141

7.22.1 Receive Diagnostic Page 0 .......................................141

7.22.2 Receive Diagnostic Page 40 ...................................... 141

7.23 RELEASE (17) ............................................... 143

7.24 RELEASE (57) ............................................... 144

7.25 REPORT LUN (A0) ............................................ 145

7.26 REQUEST SENSE (03) .......................................... 147

7.27 RESERVE (16) ............................................... 148

7.28 RESERVE (56) ............................................... 149

7.29 REZERO UNIT (01) ............................................ 151

7.30 SEEK (0B) .................................................. 152

7.31 SEEK E XTE ND ED (2B) .........................................153

7.32 SEND DIAGNOSTIC (1D) ........................................ 154

7.32.1 Send Diagnostic Pages 0 ........................................ 155

7.32.2 Send Diagnostic Pages 40 ....................................... 155

7.33 START/STOP UNIT (1B) .........................................157

7.34 SYNCHRONIZE CACHE (35) ...................................... 158

7.35 TEST UNIT READY (00) .........................................159

7.36 VERIFY (2F) ................................................ 160

7.37 WRITE (0A) .................................................

7.38 WRITE EXTENDE D (2A) ........................................

7.39 WRITE AN D VERIFY (2E) .......................................

7.40 WRITE BUFFER (3B) ...........................................

7.40.1 Combined Header An d Data (Mode 000b) .............................

7.40.2 Write Data (Mode 010b) ........................................

7.40.3 Download Microcode (Mode 100b) .................................

7.40.4 Download Microcode and Save (Mode 101b) ...........................

7.41 WRITE LONG (3F) ............................................

7.42 WRITE SAME (41) .............................................

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8.0 SCSI Status Byte ...............................................

9.0 SCSI MESSAGE SYSTEM .........................................

9.1 Supported Messages ..............................................

9.1.1 COMMAND COMPLETE (00) .................................... 174

9.1.2 SYNCHRONOUS DATA TRANSFER REQUEST (01,03,01H) ................ 174

9.1.3 W IDE DATA TRANSFER REQUEST (01,02,03H) ....................... 177

9.1.4 SAVE DATA POINTER (02) ..................................... 179

9.1.5 RESTORE POINTERS (03) ...................................... 179

9.1.6 DISCONNECT (04) ..........................................

9.1.7 INITIATOR DETECTED ERROR (05) ..............................

9.1.8 ABORT (06) ...............................................

9.1.9 MESSAGE REJECT (07) .......................................

9.1.10 NO OPERATION (08) ........................................

9.1.11 MESSAGE PARITY ERROR (09) .................................

9.1.12 LINKED COMMAND COMPLETE (0A) ............................ 181

9.1.13 LINKED COMMAND COMPLETE WITH FLAG (0B) .................... 181

9.1.14 BUS DEVICE RESET (0C) .....................................181

9.1.15 ABORT TAG (0D) .......................................... 181

9.1.16 CLEAR QUEUE TAG (0E) .....................................

9.1.17 QUEUE TAG MESSAGES(20h, 21h, 22h) ............................

9.1.18 IGNORE WIDE RESIDUE (23h) ..................................

9.1.19 IDENTIFY (80 - FF) .........................................

9.2 Supported Message Functions ........................................

9.3 Attention Condition ..............................................

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vi O EM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

9.4 SCSI Bus Related Error Handling Protocol ................................ 185

9.4.1 Unexpected B US FREE Phase Error Condition ...........................186

9.4.2 MESSAGE O UT Phase Parity Error ................................. 186

9.4.3 MESSAGE IN Phase Parity Error (Message Parity Error) .....................186

9.4.4 COMMAND Phase Parity Error ................................... 186

9.4.5 DATA OU T Phase Parity Error .................................... 186

9.4.6 INITIATOR DETECTED ERROR Message ............................ 187

9.4.7 MESSAGE REJECT Message .....................................187

10.0 Additional Information ........................................... 189

10.1 SCSI Protocol ................................................ 189

10.1.1 Prio rity of SCSI Status Byte Reporting ............................... 189

10.1.2 Invalid LUN in Identify Message ...................................189

10.1.3 Incorrect Initiator Connection .................................... 190

10.1.4 Command Processing During Execution of Active I /O process .................. 190

10.1.5 Un it Attention Condition ....................................... 193

10.1.6 Command Processing During Start-up and Fo rm a t Operations ................. 193

10.1.7 Internal Error Condition ........................................ 194

10.1.8 Deferred Error .............................................. 194

10.1.9 Degraded Mode .............................................

10.1.10 Command Processing While Reserved ...............................

10.2 Priority C o mm ands .............................................

10.3 Command queuing ..............................................

10.3.1 Queue depth ...............................................

10.3.2 Tagged queuing .............................................

10.3.3 Untagged queuing ............................................

10.3.4 Command queuing rule ........................................

10.3.5 Queue Full status ............................................

10.3.6 Device behavior o n Command queuing ...............................

10.4 Command reordering ............................................

10.5 Concurrent I /O Process ...........................................

10.6 Back t o Back Write .............................................

10.7 Write Cache ..................................................

10.8 Power Saving Mode .............................................

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10.9 Automatic Rewrite/Reallocate ....................................... 205

10.10 Segmented Caching ............................................. 207

10.10.1 Overview ................................................ 207

10.10.2 Read Ahead .............................................. 207

10.11 Reselection Timeout ............................................ 207

10.12 Single Initiator Selection ..........................................

10.13 Non-arbitrating systems ..........................................

10.14 Selection without A T N ..........................................

10.15 Multiple Initiator Environment ......................................

10.15.1 Initiator Sense Data ..........................................

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10.15.2 Initiator Mode Select/Mode Sense Parameters ........................... 208

10.15.3 Initiator Data Transfer Mode Parameter ..............................

10.16 Contingent allegiance Condition .....................................

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10.17 Reset .....................................................210

10.17.1 Reset Sources ............................................. 210

10.17.2 Reset Actions .............................................

10.18 Diagnostics .................................................

10.18.1 Power o n Diagnostics

.........................................

10.18.2 Diagnostics Command ........................................

10.18.3 Diagnostics Fault Reporting .....................................

10.19 Idle Time Functions ............................................

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Contents vii

11.0 SCSI SENSE DATA ............................................ 213

11.1 SCSI Sense Data F ormat .......................................... 213

11.2 Sense Data Description ...........................................214

11.2.1 Valid (Bit 7 of byte 0) ......................................... 214

11.2.2 Error Code (Bit 6 - 0 of byte 0) .................................... 214

11.2.3 ILI : Incorrect Length Indicator (Bit 5 of byte 2) .......................... 214

11.2.4 Sense Key (Bit 3 - 0 of byte 2) .................................... 214

11.2.5 Information Bytes (Byte 3 thru 6) .................................. 215

11.2.6 Additional Sense Length (Byte 7) ................................... 215

11.2.7 Command Specific Information (Byte 8 thru 11) .......................... 215

11.2.8 Additional Sense Code/Qualifier (Byte 12 and 13) ......................... 216

11.2.9 FRU : Field Replaceable U ni t (Byte 14) .............................. 219

11.2.10 Sense Key Specific (Byte 15 thru 17) ................................ 219

11.2.11 Reserved (Byte 18 thru 19) ...................................... 220

11.2.12 Reserved (Byte 20 thru 23) ...................................... 221

11.2.13 Physical Error Record (Byte 24 thru 29) .............................. 221

11.2.14 Reserved (Byte 30 thru 31) ...................................... 221

Index ......................................................... 223

viii O EM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

1.0 General

1.1 Introduction

This document describes the specifications of the following IB M 3.5 inch SCSI drives.

DNES-318350

− Fast-20 SE 50-pin (with SCSI active terminator)

− Fast-20 SE 68-pin Wide (with SCSI active terminator)

− Fast-40/20 LVD/SE Multi-mode 68-pin Wide (without SCSI terminator)

− Fast-40/20 LVD/SE Multi-mode 80-pin SCA-2 (without SCSI terminator)

DNES-309170

− Fast-20 SE 50-pin (with SCSI active terminator)

− Fast-20 SE 68-pin Wide (with SCSI active terminator)

− Fast-40/20 LVD/SE Multi-mode 68-pin Wide (without SCSI terminator)

− Fast-40/20 LVD/SE Multi-mode 80-pin SCA-2 (without SCSI terminator)

Note: The specifications i n this document are subject t o change without notice.

1.2 References

'draft' ANSI SCSI-2 standard, Revision 10L, J an 1994 (Document X3.1311-1994)
'draft' ANSI SCSI-3 Fast-20, X3T10/1071D
'draft' ANSI Palallel Interface-2 (SPI-2), T10 Project-1142D Revision 19
SFF-8301 Re v 1.2 (Refer to 6.8, “Mechanical Specifications” on page 49)

Note: Th e interface conforms to the referred documents. Th e vendor specific items a n d options supported
by th e drive are described in each section.

 Copyright IBM Corp. 1998, 1999 1

1.3 Glossary

Word Meaning

Kbpi 1,000 Bits P er Inch
Mbps 1,000,000 Bits per second
GB 1,000,000,000 bytes
MB 1,000,000 bytes
KB 1,000 bytes unless otherwise specified
32KB 32 x 1,024 bytes
64KB 64 x 1,024 bytes
Mb/sq.in 1,000,000 bits per square inch
MLC Machine Level Control
PFA Predictive Failure Analysis (Trademark of I B M Corp.)
S.M.A.R.T. Self-Monitoring Analysis an d Reporting Technology
ADM Automatic Drive Maintenance
SCAM SCSI Configured AutoMatically
SE Single Ended SCSI
LVD Lo w Voltage Differential SCSI
FC-AL Fiber Channel - Arbitrated Loop

1.4 General Caution

The drive can be easily damaged by shocks o r E S D (Electric Static Discharge), so any damages applied t o
the drive after taking o u t from th e shipping package or opening of the E SD protective bag are the user's
responsibility.

2 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

1.0 Outline of the drive

Data capacity 18/9 GB
SE models (50/68-pin with SCSI active terminator)
LVD/SE Multi-mode models (68/80-pin without SCSI terminator)
SCSI-2 Standard
SCSI-3 FAST-20 W ID E ( 40 Mbytes/sec transfer )
LVD FAST-40 WI D E ( 80 Mbytes/sec transfer )
Tagged Command Queuing
Multi-initiator support
512 Bytes/sector
Interleave factor 1:1
Write Cache
2 MB segmented sector buffer, 128KBx14, 256KBx7, 512KBx3 selectable
ECC on the fly
Automatic error recovery procedures for read an d write commands
Self diagnostics on power o n and resident diagnostics
Automatic Defect Reallocatio
7 msec seek time in read operation
7200rpm spindle rotation.
Closed l oo p actuator servo
Dedicated head landing zone
Automatic actuator lock
Temperature warning
PFA (SMART)

Note: PFA which means Predictive Failure Analysis is Trademark of I B M Corporation.

 Copyright IBM Corp. 1998, 1999 3

4 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

Part 1. Functional Specification

 Copyright IBM Corp. 1998, 1999 5

6 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

2.0 Fixed Disk Subsystem Description

2.1 Control Electronics

The drive is electronically controlled by a microprocessor, several logic modules, digital/analogue modules,
and various drivers and receivers. Th e control electronics perform the following major functions:

Conducts a power-up sequence and calibrates t he servo.
Monitors various timers for head settling, servo failure, etc.
Analyzes servo signals to provide closed l oop control. These include position error signal a nd estimated
velocity.
Controls the voice coil motor driver to align t he actuator ont o a desired position.
Monitors the actuator position and determines th e target track for a seek operation.
Constantly monitors error conditions of th e servo and takes corresponding action if an error occurs.
Controls starting, stopping, and rotating speed of the spindle.
Controls and interprets all interface signals between th e host controller and the drive.
Controls read write accessing of th e disk media, including defect management and error recovery.
Performs self-checkout (diagnostics).

2.2 Head Disk Assembly

The head disk assembly (HDA) is assembled in a clean room environment a nd contains a disk and actuator
assembly. Air is constantly circulated and filtered when the drive is operational. Venting of the H DA is
accomplished via a breather filter.

Th e spindle is driven directly by a brushless, sensorless DC drive motor. Dynamic braking is used t o stop the
spindle quickly.

2.3 Actuator

The read/write heads are mounted in the actuator. The actuator is a swing-arm assembly driven by a voice
coil motor. A closed-loop positioning servo controls the movement of the actuator. An embedded servo
pattern supplies feedback to the positioning servo to keep th e read/write heads centered over the desired
track.

The actuator assembly is balanced to allow vertical or hor izontal mounting without adjustment.

When the drive is powered off, the actuator automatically moves the head to a dedicated landing zone
outside of the da ta area, where the actuator is locked.

 Copyright IBM Corp. 1998, 1999 7

8 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

3.0 Drive Characteristics

This chapter provides the characteristics of the drive.

3.1 Formatted Capacity

Description DNES-318350 DNES-309170

Label Capacity (M B ) 18350 9170
Bytes per Sector 512 512

| Sectors per Track| 247-390| 247-390

Number of heads 10 5
Number of disks 5 3
Number of LBAs 35,843,670 17,916,240
Total Logical Data Bytes 18,351,959,040 9,173,114,880

Figure 1. Formatted Capacity

3.2 Data Sheet

Figure 2. Data Sheet

Buffer to/from media [Mbit/sec] 159 to 244
Host to/from buffer ( Interface transfer rate )

[ Mbyte/sec]

Data buffer size 1792 Kbyte
Number of buffer segments 3 x 512 KB

Rotational speed [RPM] 7200
Recording density [Kbpi] 220 (Max)
Track density [TPI] 13700
Areal density [Mb/sq.in.] 3025 (Max)
Data zone 11

20 (50-pin FAST-20)
40 (68/80-pin FAST-20 WIDE)
80 (68/80-pin FAST-40 WIDE)

7 x 256 KB

14 x 128 KB

 Copyright IBM Corp. 1998, 1999 9

3.3 Cylinder Allocation

Phys. Cyl. Sectors/Trk

System Area
Data Zone 0 0-375 390
Data Zone 1 376-1258 374
Data Zone 2 1259-2238 364
Data Zone 3 2239-3452 351
Data Zone 4 3453-4485 338
Data Zone 5 4486-5504 325
Data Zone 6 5505-7016 312
Data Zone 7 7017-8726 286
Data Zone 8 8727-9776 273
Data Zone 9 9777-10640 260
Data Zone 10 10641-11473 247
System Area

Mode page 03 (Format Device Parameters) and 0C (Notch Parameters) provide methods to determin
medium format and zone parameters. See 7.9.6, “Page 3 (Format Device Parameters)” on page 105, and

7.9.11, “Page 0C (Notch Parameters)” on page 115.

3.4 Performance Characteristics

A drive performance is characterized by t he following parameters:

Command Overhead
Mechanical Positioning

− Seek Time

− Latency

Data Transfer Speed
Buffering Operation (Lookahead/Write cache)

Note: All the above parameters contribute t o drive performance. There are other parameters that contribute
to th e performance of t he actual system. This specification tries t o define t h e bare drive characteristics, not
the system throughput which will depend on the system and the application.

10 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

3.4.1 Command overhead

Command overhead is defined as t h e t i me required:

from last by t e of command phase
to the first byte of data phase
excluding

− Physical seek ti me

− Latency time

− Initiator delay with reconnections

Read Command Case with 6x64KB buffer (Drive is in quiescence state) Time

Cache N o t Hit <0.40msec
Cache Hi t <0.03msec

Figure 3. Command Overhead

3.4.2 Mechanical Positioning

3.4.2.1 Average Seek Time (Including Settling)

Figure 4. Mechanical Positioning Performance

Command Type Typical Max

Read 7.0 [msec] 8.0 [msec]

Write 8.0 [msec] 9.0 [msec]

“Typical” a nd “Max” are given throughout the performance specification by;

Typical Average of t he drive population tested a t nominal environmental and voltage conditions.
Max Maximum value measured on any o ne drive over the full range of the environmental and

voltage conditions. (See 6.4, “Environment” on page 42 a nd 6.6, “DC Power
Requirements” o n page 44 for ranges.)

The seek t ime is measured from the start of actuator's motion to the start of a reliable read or write opera-
tion. Reliable read o r write implies that error correction/recovery is n o t used t o correct arrival problems.
The average seek t ime is measured as t he weighted average of all possible seek combinations.

max

( max + 1 − n)(Tn.in + Tn.out)

∑

Weighted Average =

Where:

max = Maximum seek length
n = Seek length (1 t o max)
Tn.in = Inward measured seek time f or an n track seek
Tn.out = Outward measured seek time for a n n track seek

n =1

( max + 1) ( max)

Drive Characteristics 11

3.4.2.2 Full Stroke Seek

Figure 5. Full Stroke Seek Time

Function Typical Max.

Read [ msec] 13.0 15.0

Write [msec] 14.0 16.0

Full stroke seek is measured as t he average of 1000 full stroke seeks with a random head switch from bot h
directions (inward a nd outward).

3.4.2.3 Cylinder Switch Time (Cylinder Skew)

Figure 6. Cylinder Skew

Typical

Cylinder Skew 2.6 [msec]

A cylinder switch time is defined as the amount of time required by the fixed disk access th e nex t sequential
block after reading the last sector in t h e current cylinder.

The measured method is given in 3.4.7, “Thr oughput” on page 15.

3.4.2.4 Head Switch Time (Head Skew)

Figure 7. Head Skew

Hea d Skew 1.6 [msec]

3.4.2.5 Average Latency

Figure 8. Latency Time

Rotation Time for a revolution Average Latency

7200 [RPM] 8.33 [ msec] 4.17 [ msec]

Typical

12 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

3.4.3 Drive Ready Time

Figure 9. Drive Ready Time

Model Typical Max.

DNES-318350 15.0 [sec] 19.9 [sec]
DNES-309170 11.0 [sec] 19.9 [sec]

Ready The condition in which the drive is able to perform a media access command (eg. read, write)

immediately. If a command is received during power on before ready, th e drive ready ti m e
becomes longer t h an th e specified value.

Power On This includes the t ime required for the internal self diagnostics.

3.4.4 Spindle Stop Time

Figure 10. Spindle Stop Time

Model Typical Max.

DNES-318350 12.0 [sec] 14.0 [sec]
DNES-309170 9.0 [sec] 10.0 [sec]

The period from power off to complete stop of spindle is categolized as operating, a nd Operating Shock
criteria are applied until complete stop of spindle.
Refer t o 6.9.3, “Operating Shock” on page 57.

3.4.5 Data Transfer Speed

Figure 11. Data Transfer Speed

Description Typical

Disk-Buffer Transfer (Zone 0)

(Instantaneous) 32.0 [ Mbyte/sec]
(Sustained) DNES-318350 20.2 [ Mbyte/sec]

DNES-309170 20.0 [ Mbyte/sec]

Disk-Buffer Transfer (Zone 7)

(Instantaneous) 21.0 [ Mbyte/sec]
(Sustained) DNES-318350 12.7 [ Mbyte/sec]

DNES-309170 12.7 [ Mbyte/sec]

Buffer-Host

50-pin FAST-20
68-pin / 80-pin FAST-20 Wide
68-pin / 80-pin FAST-40 Wide

20 [ Mbyte/sec]
40 [ Mbyte/sec]
80 [ Mbyte/sec]

Instantaneous disk-buffer transfer rate (Mbyte/sec) is derived by:

(Number of sectors on a track)*512*(revolution/sec)

Note: Number of sectors per track will vary because of the linear density recording.

Drive Characteristics 13

Sustained disk-buffer transfer rate (Mbyte/sec) is defined by considering head/cylinder change time. This
gives a local average da t a transfer rate. It is derived by:

(Sustained Transfer Rate) = A/ (B+C+D)

A = (Number of data sectors per cylinder) * 512
B = ( (# of Surface per cylinder) - 1) * (Head switch time)
C = (Cylinder change time)
D = (# of Surface) * (One revolution time)

Instantaneous Buffer-Host Transfer Rate (Mbyte/sec) defines th e maximum data transfer rate o n SCSI
Bus. It also depends o n the speed of th e host.

The measurement method is given in 3.4.7, “ Th roughput” on page 15.

3.4.6 Buffering Operation (Lookahead/Write Cache)

At shipment, the total 1792K bytes of the buffer is divided into 7 segmented blocks.

The segment size can be changed by Mode Page 8. See 7.9.9, “Page 8 (Caching Parameters)” on page 110
for details.

14 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

3.4.7 Throughput

3.4.7.1 Simple Sequential Access

Figure 12. Simple Sequential Access Performance

Operation Typical Max

Sequential Read/Write Zone 0 1400 [msec]

Zone 11 1831 [msec]

The above table gives the time required t o read/write for a total of 8000x consecutive blocks (16,777,216
bytes) accessed b y 128 read/write commands. Typical and Max values are given by 105% and 110% of T
respectively throughput following performance description.

Note: Assumes a host system responds instantaneously.

T = (A * 128) + B + C + 16,777,216/D + 512/E (READ)
T = (A * 128) + B + C + 16,777,216/D (WRITE)

where:

T = Calculated Time (sec)
A = Command Process Time (Pre/Post Command overhead)
B = Average Seek Time
C = Average Latency
D = Sustained Disk-Buffer Transfer Rate (Mbyte/sec)
E = Buffer-Host Transfer Rate (Mbyte/sec)

Zone 0 1408 [msec]

Zone 11 1842 [msec]

3.4.7.2 Random Access

Figure 13. Random Access Performance

Operation Typical Max

Random Read 52.2 [sec] 54.7 [sec]
Random Write 55.2 [sec] 57.8 [sec]

The above table gives the time required t o execute a total of 1000x read/write commands which access a
random LBA.

T = (A + B + C + 512/D + 512/E) * 4096 (READ)
T = (A + B + C + 512/D) * 4096 (WRITE)

where:

T = Calculated Time (sec)
A = Command Process Time (Pre/Post Command overhead)
B = Average Seek Time
C = Average Latency
D = Sustained Disk-Buffer Transfer Rate (Mbyte/sec)
E = Buffer-Host Transfer Rate (Mbyte/sec)

Drive Characteristics 15

16 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

4.0 Data integrity

The drive retains recorded information under all non-write operations.
No more t han one sector can be lost by power down during write operation while write cache is disabled.
If power do wn occurs before completion of data transfer from write cache to disk while write cache is
enabled, t he d at a remaining in write cache will be lost. T o prevent this data loss at power off, t he following
action is recommended:

To confirm successful completion of SYNCHRONIZE CACHE (35h) command.

4.1 Equipment Status

Equipment status is available to the host system any tim e th e drive is n ot ready to read, write, or seek. T his
status normally exists at power-on time and will be maintained until the following conditions are satisfied.

Access recalibration/tuning is complete.
Spindle speed meets requirements for reliable operations.
Self-check of drive is complete.

Appropriate error status is made available to th e host system if any of the following condition occurs after
the drive h as become ready:

Spindle speed goes outside of requirements for reliable operation.
“Write fault” is detected.

4.2 Error Recovery

Errors occurring with th e drive are handled by the error recovery procedure.

Errors that are uncorrectable after application of the error recovery procedures are reported to the host
system as non-recoverable errors.

 Copyright IBM Corp. 1998, 1999 17

18 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2

5.0 Physical Format

Media defects ar e remapped t o the next available sector during Form at Process in manufacturing. Th e
mapping from L BA t o the physical locations is calculated b y a n internal maintained table.

5.1 Shipped Format (PList)

Data areas are optimally used.
No extra sector is wasted as a spare throughout user data areas.
All pushes generated by defects ar e absorbed by spare tracks of inner zone.

PList Physical Format

Ä Ä ВДДДДДДВДДДДДДВДДДДДДВДДДДДДВДДДДДДВДДДДДДВ Ä Ä

³

N

³

N+1

³³

³³³

Ä Ä БДДДДДДБДДДДДДБДДДДДДБДДДДДДБДДДДДДБДДДДДДБ Ä Ä

Defect

³
АДДДДДДДДДДДДЩ АДДДДДДДДДДДДЩ

Skip Skip

N+2

³³

³³

A

Defect

³

N+3

³

³³

A

Defects ar e skipped without any constraint, such as track or cylinder boundary. The calculation from L B A to physical
is done automatically by internal table.

5.2 Reassigned Format (G-List)

G-List is prepared for 3327 LBAs.
Re-re-assign of the same L B A does not increase G-List entry.
A cylinder for spare sectors is prepared in every 256 cylinders.

Note: There is possibility to have G-List entry during the drive usage including early period. It is mainly
caused by handling problem, and G-List entry is normal maintenance work of Hard Disk Drive.

 Copyright IBM Corp. 1998, 1999 19

20 OEM Spec. of DNES-3xxxxx Revision 1.2