Husqvarna T540-XP User Manual

Oper ator’s manual

Manuel d’utilisation Manual de instrucciones

T540 XP

Please r ead the operator’ s man ual car efull y and mak e sur e y ou understand the instructions bef or e using the machine .

Lir e attentiv ement et bien assimiler le man uel d’utilisation a vant d’utiliser la machine .

Lea detenidamente el man ual de instrucciones y asegúr ese de entender su contenido antes de utilizar la máquina.

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Symbols on the mac hine:

ARNING! Chain saws can be dangerous! Careless or improper use can result in serious or fatal injury to the operator or others.

Please read the operator’s manual carefully and make sure you understand the instructions before using the machine.

Always wear:

• Approved protective helmet

• Approved hearing protection

• Protective goggles or a visor

Both of the operator ′ s hands must be used to operate the chain saw.

Never operate a chain saw holding it with one hand only.

Never let the guide bar tip come in contact with any object.

WARNING! Kickback may occur when the nose or tip of the guide bar touches an object, and cause a lightning fast reverse reaction, kicking the guide bar up and towards the operator. May cause serious personal injury.

Recommended cutting equipment in this example:

- Bar length 16 inches

- Max. nose radius 9 Teeth

- Chain type Husqvarna H37

Other approved bar and chain combinations in Operator’s Manual.

KEY T O SYMBOLS

Air purge

Refuelling.

Adjustment of the oil pump

Chain oil ﬁll.

Working position.

Choke.

Handle insert size.

Other symbols/decals on the mac hine refer to special certiﬁcation requirements for certain markets.

Measured maximum kickback value without triggering the brake, for the bar and chain combination on the label.

Measured maximum kickback value without chain brake for the bar and chain combination on the label.

Chain brake, activated (right) Chain brake, not activated (left)

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Symbols in the operator’ s manual:

Switch off the engine before carrying out any checks or maintenance.

KEY T O SYMBOLS

You will ﬁnd the following labels on your chain saw:

Always wear approved protective gloves.

Regular cleaning is required.

Visual check.

Protective goggles or a visor must be worn.

Refuelling.

Filling with oil and adjusting oil ﬂow.

The chain brake must be engaged when the chain saw is started.

A III

The Emissions Compliance P eriod referred to on the Emission Compliance label indicates the number of operating hours for which the engine has been shown to meet Federal and California emissions requirements.

Maintenance, replacement, or repair of the emission control devices and system may be performed by any nonroad engine repair establishment or individual.

The engine exhaust from this product contains chemicals known to the State

of California to cause cancer, birth

defects or other reproductive harm.

English

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Contents

KEY TO SYMBOLS

Symbols on the machine: ...................................... 2

Symbols in the operator’s manual: ........................ 3

CONTENTS

Contents ............................................................... 4

INTR ODUCTION

Dear customer! ..................................................... 5

WHA T IS WHAT?

What is what on the chain sa w? ........................... 6

GENERAL SAFETY PRECA UTIONS

Bef ore using a new chain saw .............................. 7

Important .............................................................. 8

Always use common sense .................................. 8

Personal protective equipment ............................. 8

Machine ′ s safety equipment ................................. 9

Cutting equipment ................................................. 12

ASSEMBL Y

Fitting the bar and chain ....................................... 18

FUEL HANDLING

Fuel ....................................................................... 19

Fueling .................................................................. 20

Fuel safety ............................................................ 21

ARTING AND STOPPING

Star ting and stopping ............................................ 22

ORKING TECHNIQUES

Bef ore use: ............................................................ 24

General working instructions ................................ 24

How to avoid kickback ........................................... 31

MAINTENANCE

Gener al ................................................................. 32

Carburetor adjustment .......................................... 32

Checking, maintaining and servicing chain saw

safety equipment ..................................................

Mufﬂer ................................................................... 34

Starter housing ..................................................... 34

Air ﬁlter .................................................................. 36

Spark plug ............................................................. 36

Lubricating the bar tip sprocket ............................. 37

Needle bearing lubrication .................................... 37

Adjustment of the oil pump ................................... 37

Cooling system ..................................................... 37

Winter use ............................................................. 37

Temperature -5 ° C (23 ° F) or colder ....................... 38

Maintenance schedule .......................................... 39

TECHNICAL D ATA

echnical data ....................................................... 40

Guide bar and saw chain combinations ................ 41

Saw chain ﬁling and ﬁle gauges ........................... 41

FEDERAL AND CALIFORNIA EMISSIONS CONTROL WARRANTY STATEMENT

OUR WARRANTY RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS 42

AMERICAN ST ANDARD SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Saf ety precautions for chain saw users ................ 44

– English

′

INTR ODUCTION

Dear customer!

Cong ratulations on your choice to buy a Husqvarna product! Husqvarna is based on a tradition that dates back to 1689, when the Swedish King Karl XI ordered the construction of a factory on the banks of the Huskvarna River, for production of muskets. The location was logical, since water power was harnessed from the Huskvarna River to create the waterpowered plant. During over 300 years of continuous operation, the Husqvarna factory has produced a lot of different products, from wood stoves to modern kitchen appliances, sewing machines, bicycles, motorcycles etc. In 1956, the ﬁrst motor driven lawn mowers appeared, followed by chain saws in 1959, and it is within this area Husqvarna is working today.

Today Husqvarna is one of the leading manufacturers in the world of forest and garden products, with quality as our highest priority. We develop, manufacture and market high quality motor driven products for forestry and gardening as well as for building and construction industry.

Your purchase gives you access to professional help with repairs and service whenever this may be necessary. If the retailer who sells your machine is not one of our authorized dealers, ask for the address of your nearest servicing dealer.

It is our wish that you will be satisﬁed with your product and that it will be your companion for a long time. Think of this operator

s manual as a valuable document. By following its ′ content (using, service, maintenance etc) the life span and the second-hand value of the machine can be extended. If you ever lend or sell this machine, make sure that the borrower or buyer gets the operator

Thank you for using a Husqvarna product. Husqvarna AB has a policy of continuous product development and therefore reserves the right to modify the design and

appearance of products without prior notice.

s manual, so they will also know how to properly maintain and use it.

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WHA T IS WHA T?

What is what on the c hain saw?

Front hand guard 2 Stop switch 3 Information and warning decal 4 Top handle 5 Filter cover 6 Choke control 7 Rope eyelet 8 Air purge 9 Fuel tank 10 Fuel level window 11 Starter handle 12 Starter housing 13 Front handle 14 Chain oil tank 15 Bar tip sprocket

16 Saw chain 17 Guide bar 18 Throttle trigger 19 Throttle trigger lockout 20 Belt eyelet 21 Clutch cover 22 Chain tensioning screw 23 Product and serial number plate 24 Chain catcher 25 Bumper spike 26 Oil pump adjustment screw 27 Guide bar cover 28 Operator’s manual 29 Combination spanner

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GENERAL SAFETY PRECA UTIONS

•

Bef ore using a new chain saw

Please read this manual carefully.

• Check that the cutting equipment is correctly ﬁtted and adjusted. See instructions under the heading Assembly.

• Refuel and start the chain saw. See the instructions under the headings Fuel Handling and Starting and Stopping.

• Do not use the chain saw until sufﬁcient chain oil has reached the chain. See instructions under the heading Lubricating cutting equipment.

• Long-term exposure to noise can result in permanent hearing impairment. So always use approved hearing protection.

ARNING! Under no circumstances may

the design of the machine be modiﬁed

without the permission of the manufacturer. Always use genuine accessories. Non-authorized modiﬁcations and/or accessories can result in serious personal injury or the death of the operator or others. Your warranty may not cover damage or liability caused by the use of nonauthorized accessories or replacement parts.

ARNING! A chain saw is a dangerous

tool if used carelessly or incorrectly and

can cause serious, even fatal injuries. It is very important that you read and understand the contents of this operator’s manual.

ARNING! When using a chain saw, a

ﬁre extinguisher should be available.

ARNING! Keep handles dry, clean and

free of oil.

ARNING! Beware of carbon monoxide poisoning. Operate the chainsaw in well ventilated areas only.

ARNING! Do not attempt a pruning or limbing operation in a standing tree unless speciﬁcally trained to do so.

ARNING! The inside of the mufﬂer

contain chemicals that may be

carcinogenic. Avoid contact with these elements in the event of a damaged mufﬂer.

ARNING! Long term inhalation of the

engine’s exhaust fumes, chain oil mist

and dust from sawdust can represent a health risk.

ARNING! This machine produces an

electromagnetic ﬁeld during operation.

This ﬁeld may under some circumstances interfere with active or passive medical implants. To reduce the risk of serious or fatal injury, we recommend persons with medical implants consult their physician and the medical implant manufacturer before operating this machine.

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GENERAL SAFETY PRECA UTIONS

Impor tant

IMPORTANT! This chain saw for tree service is designed for pruning

and dismantling standing tree crowns. You should only use the saw with the bar and chain

combinations we recommend in the chapter Technical data.

Never use the machine if you are fatigued, while under the inﬂuence of alcohol or drugs, medication or anything that could affect your vision, alertness, coordination or judgement.

Wear personal protective equipment. See instructions under the heading ”Personal protective equipment”.

Do not modify this product or use it if it appears to have been modiﬁed by others.

Never use a machine that is faulty. Carry out the safety checks, maintenance and service instructions described in this manual. Some maintenance and service measures must be carried out by trained and qualiﬁed specialists. See instructions under the heading Maintenance.

Never use any accessories other than those recommended in this manual. See instructions under the headings Cutting equipment and Technical data.

CAUTION! Always wear protective glasses or a face visor to reduce the risk of injury from thrown objects. A chain saw is capable of throwing objects, such as wood chips, small pieces of wood, etc, at great force. This can result in serious injury, especially to the eyes.

as well as help you to use your chain saw both efﬁciently and safely.

Work is constantly in progress to improve the design and technology - improvements that increase your safety and efﬁciency. Visit your dealer regularly to see whether you can beneﬁt from new features that have been introduced.

Personal protective equipment

WARNING! Most chain saw accidents happen when the chain touches the operator. You must use approved personal protective equipment whenever you use the machine. Personal protective equipment cannot eliminate the risk of injury but it will reduce the degree of injury if an accident does happen. Ask your dealer for help in choosing the right equipment.

CAUTION! Never use a chain saw by holding it with one hand. A chain saw is not safely controlled with one hand; you can cut yourself. Always have a secure, ﬁrm grip around the handles with both hands.

WARNING! Running an engine in a conﬁned or badly ventilated area can

result in death due to asphyxiation or carbon monoxide poisoning.

WARNING! Faulty cutting equipment or the wrong combination of bar and saw

chain increases the risk of kickback! Only use the bar/saw chain combinations we recommend, and follow the ﬁling instructions. See instructions under the heading Technical data.

Always use common sense

It is not possible to cover every conceivable situation you can face when using a chain saw. Always exercise care and use your common sense. Avoid all situations which you consider to be beyond your capability. If you still feel uncertain about operating procedures after reading these instructions, you should consult an expert before continuing. Do not hesitate to contact your dealer or us if you have any questions about the use of the chain saw. We will willingly be of service and provide you with advice

– English

• Approved protective helmet

• Hearing protection

• Protective goggles or a visor

• Gloves with saw protection

• Trousers with saw protection

• Use appropriate protections for arm.

• Boots with saw protection, steel toe-cap and non-slip sole

• Always have a ﬁrst aid kit nearby.

GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• Fire Extinguisher and Shovel

Generally clothes should be close-ﬁtting without restricting your freedom of movement.

IMPORTANT! Sparks can come from the mufﬂer, the bar and chain or other sources. Always have ﬁre extinguishing tools available if you should need them. Help prevent forest ﬁres.

This top handle chainsaw is designed speciﬁcally for tree surgery and maintenance in the tree. Due to the special compact handle design (closely spaced handles), there is an increased risk of losing control. For this reason these special chainsaws should be used only for work in a tree by persons who are trained in special cutting and working techniques and who are properly secured (lift bucket, ropes, safety harness). Regular chainsaws (with wider spaced handles) are recommended for all other cutting work at ground level.

WARNING! Working in a tree requires the use of special cutting and working

techniques which must be observed in order to reduce the increased risk of personal injury. Never work in a tree unless you have received speciﬁc, professional training for such work, including training in the use of safety and other climbing equipment, such as harnesses, ropes, belts, climbing irons, snap hooks, carabiners, etc.

WARNING! Never use a machine with defective safety components. Safety equipment must be inspected and maintained. See instructions under the heading Checking, maintaining and servicing chain saw safety equipment. If your machine does not pass all the checks, take the saw to a servicing dealer for repair.

Chain brake and front hand guard

Your chain saw is equipped with a chain brake that is designed to stop the chain if you get a kickback. The chain brake reduces the risk of accidents, but only you can prevent them.

Take care when using your saw and make sure the kickback zone of the bar never touches any object.

• The chain brake (A) can either be activated manually (by your left hand) or automatically by the inertia release mechanism.

• The brake is applied when the front hand guard (B) is pushed forwards.

Machine′′′′s safety equipment

In this section the machine’s safety features and their function are explained. For inspection and maintenance see instructions under the heading Checking, maintaining and servicing chain saw safety equipment. See instructions under the heading, What is what?, to ﬁnd where these parts are located on your machine.

The life span of the machine can be reduced and the risk of accidents can increase if machine maintenance is not carried out correctly and if service and/or repairs are not carried out professionally. If you need further information please contact your nearest servicing dealer.

• This movement activates a spring-loaded mechanism that tightens the brake band (C) around the engine drive system (D) (clutch drum).

• The front hand guard is not designed solely to activate the chain brake. Another important feature is that it

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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

reduces the risk of your left hand hitting the chain if you lose grip of the front handle.

• The chain brake must be engaged when the chain saw is started to prevent the saw chain from rotating.

• Use the chain brake as a ”parking brake” when starting and when moving over short distances, to reduce the risk of moving chain accidentally hitting your leg or anyone or anything close by.

• To release the chain brake pull the front hand guard backwards, towards the front handle.

designed to be activated by the inertia in the kickback direction.

If the kickback is less violent or the kickback zone of the bar is closer to you the chain brake is designed to be activated manually by the movement of your left hand.

• In the felling position the left hand is in a position that makes manual activation of the chain brake impossible. With this type of grip, that is when the left hand is placed so that it cannot affect the movement of the front hand guard, the chain brake can only be activated by the inertia action.

• Kickback can be very sudden and violent. Most kickbacks are minor and do not always activate the chain brake. If this happens you should hold the chain saw ﬁrmly and not let go.

• The way the chain brake is activated, either manually or automatically by the inertia release mechanism, depends on the force of the kickback and the position of the chain saw in relation to the object that the kickback zone of the bar strikes.

If you get a violent kickback while the kickback zone of the bar is farthest away from you the chain brake is

10 – English

Will my hand always activate the chain brake during a kickback?

No. It takes a certain force to move the hand guard forward. If your hand only lightly touches the front guard or slips over it, the force may not be enough to trigger the chain brake. You should also maintain a ﬁrm grip of the chain saw handles while working. If you do and experience a kickback, your hand may never leave the front handle and will not activate the chain brake, or the chain brake will only activate after the saw has swung around a considerable distance. In such instances, the chain brake might not have enough time to stop the saw chain before it touches you.

There are also certain positions in which your hand cannot reach the front hand guard to activate the chain brake; for example, when the saw chain is held in felling position.

Will my inertia activated chain brake always activate during kickback in the event of a kickback?

No. First your brake must be in working order. Second the kickback must be strong enough to activate the chain brake. If the chain brake is too sensitive it would activate all the time which would be a nuisance.

GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Will my chain brake always protect me from injury in the event of a kickback?

No. First, the chain brake must be in working order to provide the intended protection. Second, it must be activated during the kickback as described above to stop the saw chain. Third, the chain brake may be activated but if the bar is too close to you the brake might not have enough time to slow down and stop the chain before the chain saw hits you.

Only you and proper working technique can eliminate kickback and its danger.

Throttle trigger lockout

The throttle lockout is designed to prevent accidental operation of the throttle control. When you press the lock (A) (i.e. when you grasp the handle) it releases the throttle control (B). When you release the handle the throttle control and the throttle lockout both move back to their original positions. This arrangement means that the throttle control is automatically locked at the idle setting.

Chain catcher

The chain catcher is designed to catch the chain if it snaps or jumps off. This should not happen if the chain is properly tensioned (see instructions under the heading Assembly) and if the bar and chain are properly serviced and maintained (see instructions under the heading General working instructions).

The machine′s vibration damping system reduces the transfer of vibration between the engine unit/cutting equipment and the machine chain saw, including the cutting equipment, is insulated from the handles by vibration damping units.

Cutting hardwoods (most broadleaf trees) creates more vibration than cutting softwoods (most conifers). Cutting with cutting equipment that is blunt or faulty (wrong type or badly sharpened) will increase the vibration level.

WARNING! Overexposure to vibration can lead to circulatory damage or nerve damage in people who have impaired circulation. Contact your doctor if you experience symptoms of overexposure to vibration. Such symptoms include numbness, loss of feeling, tingling, pricking, pain, loss of strength, changes in skin colour or condition. These symptoms normally appear in the ﬁngers, hands or wrists. These symptoms may be increased in cold temperatures.

′s handle unit. The body of the

Stop switch

Use the stop switch to switch off the engine.

Vibration damping system

Your machine is equipped with a vibration damping system that is designed to reduce vibration and make operation easier.

Mufﬂer

The mufﬂer is designed to keep noise levels to a minimum and to direct exhaust fumes away from the user.

In areas with a hot, dry climate there is a high risk of ﬁres.

WARNING! The exhaust fumes from the engine are hot and may contain sparks which can start a ﬁre. Never start the machine indoors or near combustible material!

CAUTION! The mufﬂer gets very hot during and after use. This also applies during idling. Be aware of the ﬁre hazard, especially when working near ﬂammable substances and/or vapours.

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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

WARNING! Never use a saw without a mufﬂer, or with a damaged mufﬂer. A

damaged mufﬂer may substantially increase the noise level and the ﬁre hazard. Keep ﬁre ﬁghting equipment handy.

Cutting equipment

This section describes how to choose and maintain your cutting equipment in order to:

• Reduce the risk of kickback.

• Reduce the risk of the saw chain breaking or jumping off the bar.

• Obtain optimal cutting performance.

• Extend the life of cutting equipment.

• Avoid increasing vibration levels.

General rules

• Only use cutting equipment recommended by us! See instructions under the heading Technical data.

• Keep the chain’s cutting teeth properly

sharpened! Follow our instructions and use the recommended ﬁle gauge.

sharpened chain increases the risk of accidents.

A damaged or badly

Cutting equipment designed to reduce kickback

WARNING! Faulty cutting equipment or the wrong combination of bar and saw chain increases the risk of kickback! Only use the bar/saw chain combinations we recommend, and follow the ﬁling instructions. See instructions under the heading Technical data.

The only way to avoid kickback is to make sure that the kickback zone of the bar never touches anything.

By using cutting equipment with ”built-in” kickback reduction and keeping the chain sharp and wellmaintained you can reduce the effects of kickback.

Guide bar

The smaller the tip radius the lower the chance of kickback.

Saw chain

A chain is made up of a number of links, which are available in standard and low-kickback versions.

IMPORTANT! No saw chain design eliminates the danger of kickback.

WARNING! Any contact with a rotating saw chain can cause extremely serious injuries.

• Maintain the correct depth gauge setting! Follow our instructions and use the recommended depth gauge clearance.

the risk of kickback.

• Keep the chain properly tensioned! If the chain is slack it is more likely to jump off and lead to increased wear on the bar, chain and drive sprocket.

• Keep cutting equipment well lubricated and

properly maintained!

more likely to break and lead to increased wear on the bar, chain and drive sprocket.

12 – English

Too large a clearance increases

A poorly lubricated chain is

Some terms that describe the bar and chain

To maintain the safety features of the cutting equipment, you should replace a worn or damaged bar or chain with a bar and chain combinations recommended by Husqvarna. See instructions under the heading Technical Data for a list of replacement bar and chain combinations we recommend.

Guide bar

• Length (inches/cm)

• Number of teeth on bar tip sprocket (T).

• Chain pitch (inches). The spacing between the drive links of the chain must match the spacing of the teeth on the bar tip sprocket and drive sprocket.

GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• Number of drive links. The number of drive links is determined by the length of the bar, the chain pitch and the number of teeth on the bar tip sprocket.

• Bar groove width (inches/mm). The groove in the bar must match the width of the chain drive links.

• Chain oil hole and hole for chain tensioner. The bar must be matched to the chain saw design.

Saw chain

• Chain pitch (inches)

• Drive link width (mm/inches)

• A sharp chain eats its way through the wood and produces long, thick chips or shavings.

• The cutting part of the chain is called the cutter and consists of a cutting tooth (A) and the depth gauge (B). The cutters cutting depth is determined by the difference in height between the two (depth gauge setting).

When you sharpen a cutting tooth there are four important factors to remember.

1 Filing angle

2 Cutting angle

• Number of drive links.

Sharpening your chain and adjusting depth gauge setting

General information on sharpening cutting teeth

• Never use a blunt chain. When the chain is blunt you have to exert more pressure to force the bar through the wood and the chips will be very small. If the chain is very blunt it will produce wood powder and no chips or shavings.

3 File position

4 Round ﬁle diameter

It is very difﬁcult to sharpen a chain correctly without the right equipment. We recommend that you use our ﬁle gauge. This will help you obtain the maximum kickback reduction and cutting performance from your chain.

See instructions under the heading Technical data for information about sharpening your chain.

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WARNING! Departure from the

sharpening instructions considerably

increases the risk of kickback.

Sharpening cutting teeth

GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

data to ﬁnd the correct depth gauge setting for your particular chain.

To sharpen cutting teeth you will need a round ﬁle and a ﬁle gauge. See instructions under the heading Technical data for information on the size of ﬁle and gauge that are recommended for the chain ﬁtted to your chain saw.

• Check that the chain is correctly tensioned. A slack chain will move sideways, making it more difﬁcult to sharpen correctly.

• Always ﬁle cutting teeth from the inside face. Reduce the pressure on the return stroke. File all the teeth on one side ﬁrst, then turn the chain saw and ﬁle the teeth on the other side.

• File all the teeth to the same length. When the length of the cutting teeth is reduced to 5/32 inch (4 mm) the chain is worn out and should be replaced.

WARNING! The risk of kickback is increased if the depth gauge setting is too large!

Adjustment of depth gauge setting

• The cutting teeth should be newly sharpened before adjusting the depth gauge setting. We recommend that you adjust the depth gauge setting every third time you sharpen the cutting teeth. NOTE! This recommendation assumes that the length of the cutting teeth is not reduced excessively.

• You will need a ﬂat ﬁle and a depth gauge tool. We recommend that you use our depth gauge tool to acheive the correct depth gauge setting and bevel for the depth gauge.

• Place the depth gauge tool over the chain. Detailed information regarding the use of the depth gauge tool, will be found on the package for the depth gauge tool. Use the ﬂat ﬁle to ﬁle off the tip of the depth gauge that protrudes through the depth gauge tool. The depth gauge setting is correct when you no longer feel resistance as you draw the ﬁle along the depth gauge tool.

General advice on adjusting depth gauge setting

• When you sharpen the cutting tooth (A) the depth gauge setting (C) will decrease. To maintain optimal cutting performance the depth gauge (B) has to be ﬁled down to achieve the recommended depth gauge setting. See instructions under the heading Technical

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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Tensioning the chain

WARNING! A slack chain may jump off the bar and cause serious or even fatal

injury.

The more you use a chain the longer it becomes. It is therefore important to adjust the chain regularly to take up the slack.

Check the chain tension every time you refuel. NOTE! A new chain has a running-in period during which you should check the tension more frequently.

Tension the chain as tightly as possible, but not so tight that you cannot pull it round freely by hand.

• Loosen the bar nut that holds the clutch cover and chain brake. Use the combination spanner.

• Raise the tip of the bar and stretch the chain by tightening the chain tensioning screw using the combination spanner. Tighten the chain until it does not sag from the underside of the bar.

The position of the chain tensioning screw on our chain saws varies from model to model. See instructions under the heading What is what? to ﬁnd out where it is on your model.

Lubricating cutting equipment

WARNING! Poor lubrication of cutting equipment may cause the chain to snap, which could lead to serious, even fatal injuries.

Chain oil

Chain oil must demonstrate good adhesion to the chain and also maintain its ﬂow characteristics regardless of whether it is warm summer or cold winter weather.

As a chain saw manufacturer we have developed an optimal chain oil which has a vegetable oil base. We recommend the use of our own oil for both maximum chain life and to minimise environmental damage. If our own chain oil is not available, standard chain oil is recommended.

Never use waste oil! Using waste oil can be dangerous to you and damage the machine and environment.

IMPORTANT! When using vegetable based saw chain oil, dismantle and clean the groove in the bar and saw chain before long-term storage. Otherwise there is a risk of the saw chain oil oxidizing, which will result in the saw chain becoming stiff and the bar tip sprocket jamming.

Filling with chain oil

• All our chain saws have an automatic chain lubrication system. On some models the oil ﬂow is also adjustable.

• Use the combination spanner to tighten the bar nut while holding up the tip of the bar. Check that you can pull the saw chain round freely by hand, and that there is no slack on the underside of the bar.

• The saw chain oil tank and the fuel tank are designed so that the fuel runs out before the saw chain oil.

However, this safety feature requires that you use the right sort of chain oil (if the oil is too thin it will run out before the fuel), and that you also use the recommended cutting equipment (a bar that is too long will use more chain oil).

Checking chain lubrication

• Check the chain lubrication each time you refuel. See instructions under the heading Lubricating the bar tip sprocket.

Aim the tip of the bar at a light coloured surface about 20 cm (8 inches) away. After 1 minute running at 3/4

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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

throttle you should see a distinct line of oil on the light surface.

If the chain lubrication is not working:

• Check that the oil channel in the bar is not obstructed. Clean if necessary.

• Check that the groove in the edge of the bar is clean. Clean if necessary.

• Check that the bar tip sprocket turns freely and that the lubricating hole in the tip sprocket is not blocked. Clean and lubricate if necessary.

If the chain lubrication system is still not working after carrying out the above checks and associated measures you should contact your servicing dealer.

Chain drive sprocket

The clutch drum is ﬁtted with a Spur sprocket (the chain sprocket is welded on the drum).

Regularly check the degree of wear on the drive sprocket. Replace if wear is excessive. Replace the drive sprocket whenever you replace the chain.

Checking wear on cutting equipment

Check the chain daily for:

• Visible cracks in rivets and links.

• Whether the chain is stiff.

• Whether rivets and links are badly worn. Replace the saw chain if it exhibits any of the points

above. We recommend you compare the existing chain with a

new chain to decide how badly the existing chain is worn. When the length of the cutting teeth has worn down to

only 5/32 inch (4 mm) the chain must be replaced.

Guide bar

Check regularly:

• Whether there are burrs on the edges of the bar. Remove these with a ﬁle if necessary.

16 – English

• Whether the groove in the bar has become badly worn. Replace the bar if necessary.

GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• Whether the tip of the bar is uneven or badly worn. If a hollow forms on the underside of the bar tip this is due to running with a slack chain.

• To prolong the life of the bar you should turn it over daily.

WARNING! Most chain saw accidents happen when the chain touches the

operator.

Wear personal protective equipment. See instructions under the heading ”Personal protective equipment”.

Do not tackle any job that you feel you are not adequately trained for. See instructions under the headings Personal protective equipment, How to avoid kickback, Cutting equipment and General working instructions.

Avoid situations where there is a risk of kickback. See instructions under the heading Machine

Use the recommended protective equipment and check its condition. See instructions under the headings Technical data and General safety precautions.

Check that all the chain saw safety features are working. See instructions under the headings General working instructions and General safety precautions.

Never use a chain saw by holding it with one hand. A chain saw is not safely controlled with one hand. Always have a secure, ﬁrm grip around the handles with both hands.

′′′′s safety equipment.

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ASSEMBLY

Fitting the bar and chain

WARNING! Always wear gloves, when working with the chain.

• Check that the chain brake is in disengaged position by moving the front hand guard towards the front handle.

• Unscrew the bar nut and remove the clutch cover (chain brake). Take off the transportation guard.

• Fit the bar over the bar bolt. Place the bar in its rearmost position. Place the chain over the drive sprocket and in the groove on the bar. Begin on the top side of the bar.

• Tension the chain by turning the chain tensioning screw clockwise using the combination spanner. See instructions under the heading Tensioning the chain.

• The chain is correctly tensioned when there is no slack on the underside of the bar, and it can still be turned easily by hand. Tighten the bar nut with the combination spanner while holding up the tip of the bar.

• When ﬁtting a new chain, the chain tension has to be checked frequently until the chain is run-in. Check the chain tension regularly. A correctly tensioned chain ensures good cutting performance and long life.

Note: If clutch cover is difﬁcult to remove, tighten bar nut(s), engage brake and rerelease (an audible click will be heard if released properly).

Assembling the handle insert

• To make the upper handle suit different hand sizes, the chain saw is available with three different handle insert sizes - M, L and XL. The L size is ﬁtted to the chain saw when it is delivered. Contact your service workshop to change the size of the handle insert.

• Make sure that the edges of the cutting links are facing forward on the top edge of the bar.

• Fit the clutch cover (chain brake) and locate the chain adjuster pin in the cut-out in the bar. Check that the drive links of the chain ﬁt correctly on the drive sprocket and that the chain is in the groove on the bar. Tighten the bar nut ﬁnger-tight.

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Assembling the belt eyelet

The chain saw is ﬁtted with two eyelets on the rear edge of the chain saw cover, a rope eyelet and a belt eyelet. The rope eyelet is ﬁtted on delivery.

The belt eyelet is not ﬁtted on delivery and is used by chain saw users as a simple way to fasten the saw to a belt or a harness. For more information, please see the Working techniques section.

To ﬁt a belt eyelet - contact your service agent.

FUEL HANDLING

Fuel

Note! The machine is equipped with a two-stroke engine and must always be run using a mixture of gasoline and two-stroke oil. It is important to accurately measure the amount of oil to be mixed to ensure that the correct mixture is obtained. When mixing small amounts of fuel, even small inaccuracies can drastically affect the ratio of the mixture.

WARNING! Always ensure there is adequate ventilation when handling fuel.

Gasoline

• Use good quality unleaded gasoline.

• The lowest recommended octane grade is 87 ((RON+MON)/2). If you run the engine on a lower octane grade than 87 so-called knocking can occur. This gives rise to a high engine temperature and increased bearing load, which can result in serious engine damage.

• When working with continuous high revs (e.g. limbing) a higher octane is recommended.

Environment fuel

HUSQVARNA recommends the use of alkylate fuel or environmental fuel for four-stroke engines blended with two-stroke oil as set out below.

Ethanol fuel

HUSQVARNA recommends commercial available fuel with maximum 10% ethanol content.

Running-in

Avoid running at a too high speed for extended periods during the ﬁrst 10 hours.

Two-stroke oil

• For best results and performance use HUSQVARNA two-stroke engine oil, which is specially formulated for our air-cooled two stroke-engines.

• Never use two-stroke oil intended for water-cooled engines, sometimes referred to as outboard oil (rated TCW).

• Never use oil intended for four-stroke engines.

Mixing ratio

1:50 (2%) for all engines.

Gasoline, litre

5 0,10 10 0,20 15 0,30 20 0,40 US gallon US ﬂ. oz. 1 2 1/2 2 1/2 6 1/2 5 12 7/8

Two-stroke oil, litre

2% (50:1)

Mixing

• Always mix the gasoline and oil in a clean container intended for fuel.

• Always start by ﬁlling half the amount of the gasoline to be used. Then add the entire amount of oil. Mix (shake) the fuel mixture. Add the remaining amount of gasoline.

• Mix (shake) the fuel mixture thoroughly before ﬁlling the machine’s fuel tank.

• Do not mix more than one month’s supply of fuel at a time.

• If the machine is not used for some time the fuel tank should be emptied and cleaned.

Chain oil

• We recommend the use of special oil (chain oil) with good adhesion characteristics.

• Never use waste oil. This results in damage to the oil pump, the bar and the chain.

• It is important to use oil of the right grade (suitable viscosity range) to suit the air temperature.

• In temperatures below 32°F (0°C) some oils become too viscous. This can overload the oil pump and result in damage to the oil pump components.

• Contact your service agent when choosing chain oil.

English – 19

FUEL HANDLING

Fueling

WARNING! Taking the following precautions, will lessen the risk of ﬁre:

Do not smoke and do not place any hot objects in the vicinity of fuel.

Always stop the engine and let it cool for a few minutes before refueling.

When refuelling, open the fuel cap slowly so that any excess pressure is released gently.

Tighten the fuel cap carefully after refueling.

Always move the machine away from the refueling area and source before starting.

Clean the area around the fuel cap. Clean the fuel and chain oil tanks regularly. The fuel ﬁlter must be replaced at least once a year. Contamination in the tanks causes malfunction. Make sure the fuel is well mixed by shaking the container before refuelling. The capacities of the chain oil tank and fuel tank are carefully matched. You should therefore always ﬁll the chain oil tank and fuel tank at the same time.

• Loosen the cap by turning it counterclockwise.

• Remove the cap.

Replacing fuel cap and chain oil cap

• Insert the cap with the ﬂip lever in an upright position.

WARNING! Fuel and fuel vapor are highly ﬂammable. Take care when handling fuel

and chain oil. Be aware of the risks of ﬁre, explosion and those associated with inhalation.

Removing fuel cap and chain oil cap

• Press down on the textured area of the ﬂip lever and lift to an upright position.

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• Tighten the cap securely by turning it clockwise.

• Fold the ﬂip lever down.

IMPORTANT! Always replace a damaged cap.

FUEL HANDLING

Fuel safety

• Never refuel the machine while the engine is running.

• Make sure there is plenty of ventilation when refuelling or mixing fuel (gasoline and 2-stroke oil).

• Move the machine at least 10 ft (3 m) from the refuelling point before starting it.

• Never start the machine:

1 If you have spilled fuel or chain oil on the machine.

Wipe off the spillage and allow remaining fuel to evaporate.

2 If you have spilled fuel on yourself or your clothes,

change your clothes. Wash any part of your body that has come in contact with fuel. Use soap and water.

3 If the machine is leaking fuel. Check regularly for leaks

from the fuel cap and fuel lines.

WARNING! Never use a machine with visible damage to the spark plug guard

and ignition cable. A risk of sparking arises, which can cause a ﬁre.

Transport and storage

• Always store the chain saw and fuel so that there is no risk of leakages or fumes coming into contact with sparks or naked ﬂames from electrical equipment, electric motors, relays/switches, boilers and the like.

• Always store fuel in an approved container designed for that purpose.

• For longer periods of storage or for transport of the chain saw, the fuel and chain oil tanks should be emptied. Ask where you can dispose of waste fuel and chain oil at your local gas station.

• The guide bar cover must always be ﬁtted to the cutting attachment when the machine is being transported or in storage, in order to prevent accident contact with the sharp chain. Even a non-moving chain can cause serious cuts to yourself or persons you bump into with an exposed chain.

• Secure the machine during transport.

Long-term storage

Empty the fuel/oil tanks in a well ventilated area. Store the fuel in approved cans in a safe place. Fit the guide bar cover. Clean the machine. See instructions under the heading Maintenance schedule.

Ensure the machine is cleaned and that a complete service is carried out before long-term storage.

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STARTING AND STOPPING

Starting and stopping

WARNING! Note the following before starting:

The chain brake must be engaged when the chain saw is started to reduce the chance of contact with the moving chain during starting.

Never start a chain saw unless the bar, chain and all covers are ﬁtted correctly. Otherwise the clutch can come loose and cause personal injuries.

Place the machine on ﬁrm ground. Make sure you have a secure footing and that the chain cannot touch anything.

If you need to start the chain saw in the tree, see instructions under the heading Starting the saw in the tree, under the section Working techniques.

Keep people and animals well away from the working area.

Cold engine

Starting: The chain brake should be activated when

starting the chain saw. Activate the chain brake by pushing the front hand guard forwards.

Primer bulb: Press the air purge repeatedly until fuel begins to ﬁll the bulb. The bulb need not be completely ﬁlled.

Warm engine

Use the same starting procedure as for a cold engine but without setting the choke control in the choke position.

Starting

Grip the front handle with your left hand and push the chain saw to the ground. Grip the starter handle with your right hand and pull out the starter cord slowly until you feel a resistance (as the starter pawls engage) and then pull ﬁrmly and rapidly.

your hand

CAUTION! Do not pull the starter cord all the way out and do not let go of the starter handle when the cord is fully extended. This can damage the machine.

Push down the choke control as soon as the engine ﬁres which can be heard through a "puff" sound. Keep on pulling the cord powerfully until the engine starts. When the engine starts, quickly apply full throttle; the throttle start lock will automatically disengage.

IMPORTANT! As the chain brake is still activated the engine must return to idling speed as soon as possible by disengaging the throttle latch in order to avoid unnecessery wear on the clutch assembly.

Never wrap the starter cord around

Choke: Set the choke control in the choke position.

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Note! Pull the front hand guard towards the front handle. The chain brake is now disengaged. Your saw is ready for use.

STARTING AND STOPPING

WARNING! Long term inhalation of the engine’s exhaust fumes, chain oil mist

and dust from sawdust can represent a health risk.

• Never start a chain saw unless the bar, chain and all covers are ﬁtted correctly. See instructions under the heading Assembly. Without a bar and chain attached to the chain saw the clutch can come loose and cause serious injury.

• The chain brake should be activated when starting. Se instructions under the heading Start and stop. Do not drop start. This method is very dangerous because you may lose control of the saw.

• Never start the machine indoors. Exhaust fumes can be dangerous if inhaled.

• Observe your surroundings and make sure that there is no risk of people or animals coming into contact with the cutting equipment.

Stopping

The engine is stopped by pushing the stop switch to the stop position.

• Always hold the saw with both hands. The right hand should be on the top handle, and the left hand on the front handle. All people, whether right or left handed, should use this grip. Use a ﬁrm grip with thumbs and ﬁngers encircling the chain saw handles.

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WORKING TECHNIQUES

Before use:

5, 7

1 Check that the chain brake works correctly and is not

damaged.

2 Check that the throttle lockout works correctly and is

not damaged.

3 Check that the stop switch works correctly and is not

damaged. 4 Check that all handles are free from oil. 5 Check that the anti vibration system works and is not

damaged. 6 Check that the mufﬂer is securely attached and not

damaged. 7 Check that all parts of the chain saw are tightened

correctly and that they are not damaged or missing. 8 Check that the chain catcher is in place and not

damaged. 9 Check the chain tension.

General working instructions

IMPORTANT! This section describes basic safety rules for using a

chain saw. This information is never a substitute for professional skills and experience. If you get into a situation where you feel unsafe, stop and seek expert advice. Contact your chain saw dealer, service agent or an experienced chain saw user. Do not attempt any task that you are not sure you can handle!

Before using a chain saw you must understand the effects of kickback and how to avoid them. See instructions under the heading How to avoid kickback.

Before using a chain saw you must understand the difference between cutting with the top and bottom edges of the bar. See instructions under the headings How to avoid kickback and Machine’s safety equipment.

Wear personal protective equipment. See instructions under the heading ”Personal protective equipment”.

Basic safety rules

1 Look around you:

• To ensure that people, animals or other things cannot affect your control of the machine.

• To make sure that none of the above might come within reach of your saw or be injured by falling trees.

CAUTION! Follow the instructions above, but do not use a chain saw in a situation where you cannot call for help in case of an accident.

2 All tree maintenance work above ground level must be

carried out by two or more persons with the right training (see instructions under the heading Important). At least one person should be on the ground to carry out safe rescue procedures and/or get help should an emergency arise.

3 During tree maintenance work above ground level, the

working area should always be secured and marked out with signs, tape or the like. The person(s) on the ground should always inform the person(s) working above before they enter the secure working area.

4 Do not use the machine in bad weather, such as

dense fog, heavy rain, strong wind, intense cold, etc. Working in bad weather is tiring and often brings added risks, such as icy ground, unpredictable felling direction, etc.

5 Take great care when removing small branches and

avoid cutting bushes (i.e. cutting many small branches at the same time). Small branches can be grabbed by the chain and thrown back at you, causing serious injury.

During tree maintenance work above ground level the chain saw must be secured. Secure the chain saw by attaching a safety line to the rope eyelet on the chain saw.

24 – English

6 Make sure you can move and stand safely. Check the

area around you for possible obstacles (roots, rocks, branches, ditches, etc.) in case you have to move

WORKING TECHNIQUES

suddenly. Take great care when working on sloping ground.

7 Take great care when cutting a tree that is under

tension. A tree that is under tension may spring back to its normal position before or after being cut. If you position yourself incorrectly or make the cut in the wrong place the tree may hit you or the machine and cause you to lose control. Both situations can cause serious personal injury.

WARNING! Sometimes chips get stuck in the clutch cover causing the chain to

jam. Always stop the engine before cleaning.

8 Before moving your chain saw switch off the engine

and lock the chain using the chain brake. Carry the chain saw with the bar and chain pointing backwards. Fit a guard to the bar before transporting the chain saw or carrying it for any distance.

handles. You should use this grip whether you are right-handed or left-handed. This grip minimizes the effect of kickback and lets you keep the chain saw under control.

3 Most kickback accidents happen during limbing. Make

sure you are standing ﬁrmly and that there is nothing in the way that might make you trip or lose your balance.

Lack of concentration can lead to kickback if the kickback zone of the bar accidentally touches a branch, nearby tree or some other object.

Have control over the workpiece. If the pieces you intend to cut are small and light, they can jam in the saw chain and be thrown towards you. Even if this does not need to be a danger, you may be surprised and lose control of the saw. Never saw stacked logs or branches without ﬁrst separating them. Only saw one log or one piece at a time. Remove the cut pieces to keep your working area safe.

4 Never use the chain saw above shoulder height

and avoid cutting with the tip of the bar. Never use the chain saw one-handed!

9 When you put the chain saw on the ground, lock the

saw chain using the chain brake and ensure you have a constant view of the machine. Switch the engine off before leaving your chain saw for any length of time.

General rules

1 If you understand what kickback is and how it happens

then you can reduce or eliminate the element of surprise. By being prepared you reduce the risk. Kickback is usually quite mild, but it can sometimes be very sudden and violent.

2 Always hold the chain saw ﬁrmly with your right hand

on the top handle and your left hand on the front handle. Wrap your ﬁngers and thumbs around the

5 Always use a fast cutting speed, i.e. full throttle.

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WORKING TECHNIQUES

6 If you have to cut branches or the like that are above

shoulder height, a working platform or scaffold tower is recommended.

7 Take great care when you cut with the top edge of the

bar, i.e. when cutting from the underside of the object. This is known as cutting with a pushing chain. The chain tries to push the chain saw back towards the user. If the saw chain is jamming, the saw may be pushed back at you.

8 Unless the user resists this pushing force there is a

risk that the chain saw will move so far backwards that only the kickback zone of the bar is in contact with the tree, which can lead to a kickback.

Working with tree service chain-saws from a rope and harness

This chapter sets out working practices to reduce the risk of injury from tree service chainsaws when working at height from a rope and harness. While it may form the basis of guidance and training literature, it should not be regarded as a substitute for formal training.

General requirements working at height

Operators of tree service chainsaws working at height from a rope and harness should never work alone. A competent ground worker trained in appropriate emergency procedures should assist them.

Operators of tree service chainsaws for this work should be trained in general safe climbing and work positioning techniques and shall properly equipped with harnesses, ropes, strops, karabiners and other equipment for maintaining secure and safe working positions for both themselves and the saw.

Preparing to use the saw in the tree

The chain saw should be checked, fuelled, started and warmed up by the ground worker and the chain brake should be engaged before it is sent up to the operator in the tree. The chainsaw should be ﬁtted with a suitable strop for attaching to the operator’s harness:

a) attach the rope around the rope eyelet on the rear of the saw.

Cutting with the bottom edge of the bar, i.e. from the top of the object downwards, is known as cutting with a pulling chain. In this case the chain saw pulls itself towards the tree and the front edge of the chain saw body rests naturally on the trunk when cutting. Cutting with a pulling chain gives the operator better control over the chain saw and the position of the kickback zone.

9 Follow the instructions on sharpening and maintaining

your bar and chain. When you replace the bar and chain use only combinations that are recommended by us. See instructions under the headings Cutting equipment and Technical data.

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b) provide suitable karabiners to allow indirect (i.e. via the strop) and direct attachment (i.e. at the attachment point on the saw) of saw to the operators harness.

CAUTION! The belt eyelet is not dimensioned for use with a so-called safety rope. Use the rope eyelet for this purpose.

c) ensure the saw is securely attached when it is being sent up to the operator.

d) ensure the saw is secured to the harness before it is disconnected from the means of ascent.

The saw should only be attached to the recommended attachment points on the harness. These may be at midpoint (front or rear) or at the sides. Where possible attaching the saw to centre rear mid-point will keep it clear

WORKING TECHNIQUES

of climbing lines and support its weight centrally down the operator’s spine.

When moving the saw from any attachment point to another, operators should ensure it is secured in the new position before releasing it from the previous attachment point.

Using the chainsaw in the tree

An analysis of accidents with these saws during tree service operations shows the primary cause as being inappropriate one-handed use of the saw. In the vast majority of accidents, operators fail to adopt a secure work position witch allows them to hold both handles of the saw. This results in an increased risk of injury due to:

• not having a ﬁrm grip on the saw if it kicks back.

• a lack of control of the saw such that it is more liable to contact climbing lines and operators body (particularly the left hand and arm)

• loosing control from insecure work position resulting in contact with the saw (unexpected movement during operation of the saw)

Securing the work position for two-handed use

To allow the operator to hold the saw with both hands, they should as general rule, aim for secure work position where they are operating the saw at:

• hip level when cutting horizontal sections.

• solar plexus level when cutting vertical sections.

Where the operator is working close into vertical stems with a low lateral forces on their work position, then a good footing may be all that is needed to maintain a secure work position. However as operators move away from the stem, they will need to take steps to remove or counteract the increasing lateral forces by, for example, a re-direct of the main line via a supplementary anchor point or using an adjustable strop direct from the harness to a supplementary anchor point.

Gaining a good footing at the working position can be assisted by use of a temporary foot stirrup created from an endless sling.

Starting the saw in the tree

When starting the saw in the tree, the operator should: a) apply the chain brake before starting. b) hold saw on either the left or right of the body when

starting: 1 on the left side hold the saw with the left hand on the

front handle and thrust the saw away from the body while holding the pull starter cord in the other hand.

2 on the right side, hold the saw with the right hand on

either handle and thrust the saw away from the body while holding the pull starter cord in the left hand.

The chain brake should always be engaged before lowering a running saw onto its strop. Operators should always check the saw has sufﬁcient fuel before undertaking critical cuts.

One-hand use of the chainsaw

Operators should never use a chain saw onehanded. Operators should never:

• cut with the kickback zone at the tip of the chainsaw guide bar

• ‘hold and cut’ sections.

• attempt to catch falling sections.

• Cut in the tree when he/she is only secured with one rope, always use 2 secured lines.

• check condition of harness, belt and ropes at regular frequent intervals.

Freeing a trapped saw

If the saw should become trapped during cutting, operators should:

• switch off the saw and attach it securely to the tree inboard (i.e. towards the truck side) of the cut or to a separate tool line.

• pull the saw from the kerf whilst lifting the branch as necessary.

• if necessary, use a handsaw or second chain saw to release the trapped saw by cutting a minimum of 30 cm away from the trapped saw.

Whether a handsaw or a chainsaw is used to free a stuck saw, the release cuts should always be outboard (toward the tips of the branch), in order to prevent the saw being taken with the section and further complicating the situation.

Basic cutting technique

General

• Always use full throttle when cutting!

• Reduce the speed to idle after every cut (running the engine for too long at full throttle without any load, i.e. without any resistance from the chain during cutting, can lead to serious engine damage).

• Cutting from above = Cutting with a pulling chain.

• Cutting from below = Cutting with pushing chain.

Cutting with a pushing chain increases the risk of kickback. See instructions under the heading How to avoid kickback.

Terms

Cutting = General term for cutting through wood. Limbing = Cutting branches off a felled tree. Splitting = When the object you are cutting breaks off

before the cut is complete.

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WORKING TECHNIQUES

There are ﬁve important factors you should consider before making a cut:

1 Make sure the cutting equipment will not jam in the

cut.

2 Make sure the object you are cutting will not split.

3 Make sure the chain will not strike the ground or any

other object during or after cutting.

risk that the chain will touch the ground when you ﬁnish the cut.

Cut all the way through the log from above. Avoid letting the chain touch the ground as you ﬁnish the cut. Maintain full throttle but be prepared for what might happen.

- If it is possible (can you turn the log?) stop cutting about 2/3 of the way through the log.

4 Is there a risk of kickback?

5 Do the conditions and surrounding terrain affect how

safely you can stand and move about?

Two factors decide whether the chain will jam or the object that you are cutting will split: the ﬁrst is how the object is supported before and after cutting, and the second is whether it is in tension.

In most cases you can avoid these problems by cutting in two stages; from the top and from the bottom. You need to support the object so that it will not trap the chain or split during cutting.

WARNING! If the chain jams in the cut: stop the engine! Don’t try to pull the

chain saw free. If you do you may be injured by the chain when the chain saw suddenly breaks free. Use a lever to open up the cut and free the chain saw.

The following instructions describe how to handle the common situations you are likely to encounter when using a chain saw.

Cutting The log is lying on the ground. There is little risk of the

chain jamming or the object splitting. However there is a

- Turn the log and ﬁnish the cut from the opposite side.

The log is supported at one end. There is a high risk that it will split.

Start by cutting from below (about 1/3 of the way through).

- Finish by cutting from above so that the two cuts meet.

The log is supported at both ends. There is a high risk that the chain will jam.

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WORKING TECHNIQUES

- Start by cutting from above (about 1/3 of the way through).

- Finish by cutting from below so that the two cuts meet.

Limbing

When limbing thick branches you should use the same approach as for cutting.

Cut difﬁcult branches piece by piece.

Felling technique for tree tops

”jammed” tree top is very dangerous (see point 4 in this section).

Once you have decided which way you want the top of the tree to fall you must assess which way the top of the tree would fall naturally.

Several factors affect this:

• Lean of the tree

• Bend

• Wind direction

• Arrangement of branches

• Weight of snow

WARNING! It takes a lot of experience to fell a tree. Inexperienced users of chain

saws should not fell trees. Do not attempt any task beyond your experience level!

Safe distance

During tree maintenance work above ground level, the working area must always be secured and marked out with signs, tape or the like. The safe distance between the top of the tree that is to be felled and the nearest workplace must be at least 2 1/2 times the height of the tree. Make sure that no-one else is in this risk zone before or during felling.

Felling direction

The aim is to fell the tree in a position where you can limb and cross-cut the log as easily as possible. You want it to fall in a location where you can stand and move about safely. The main thing to avoid is that the falling tree top should get jammed in another tree. Taking down a

You may ﬁnd you are forced to let the tree-top fall in its natural direction because it is impossible or dangerous to try to make it fall in the direction you ﬁrst intended.

Another very important factor, which does not affect the felling direction but does affect your safety, is to make sure the tree has no damaged or dead branches that might break off and hit you during felling.

WARNING! During critical felling operations, hearing protectors should be lifted immediately when sawing is completed so that sounds and warning signals can be heard.

Topping a tree

Topping a tree is done using three cuts. First you make the directional cuts, which consist of the top cut and the bottom cut, then you ﬁnish with the felling cut. By placing these cuts correctly you can control the felling direction very accurately.

Directional cuts

To make the directional cuts you begin with the top cut. Aim using the chain saw’s felling direction mark (1) towards a predetermined target in an appropriate

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WORKING TECHNIQUES

direction (2). Try to maintain your position in the tree on the right side and cut on the pull stroke. Ensure that you can see the bar during the whole part of your operation.

a wedge or breaking bar into the cut as soon as it is deep enough.

Next make the bottom cut so that it ﬁnishes exactly at the end of the top cut.

The directional cuts should run 1/4 of the diameter through the trunk and the angle between the top cut and bottom cut should be 60

The line where the two cuts meet is called the directional cut line. This line should be perfectly horizontal and at right angles (90

° - 70°.

°) to the chosen felling direction.

Finish the felling cut parallel with the directional cut line so that the distance between them is at least 1/10 of the trunk diameter. The uncut section of the trunk is called the felling hinge.

The felling hinge controls the direction that the tree falls in.

All control over the felling direction is lost if the felling hinge is too narrow or non-existent, or if the directional cuts and felling cut are badly placed.

We recommend that you use a bar that is longer than the diameter of the tree, so that you can make the felling cut and directional cuts with single cutting strokes. See the Technical data section to ﬁnd out which lengths of bar are recommended for your saw.

Felling cut

The felling cut is made from the opposite side of the tree and it must be perfectly horizontal. Try to take a correct position so you are able to cut on the pull stroke.

Make the felling cut about 0-1.5 inches (0-3 cm) above the bottom directional cut.

Use full throttle and bring the bar and chain slowly into the tree. Make sure the tree does not start to move in the opposite direction to your intended felling direction. Drive

30 – English

There are methods for felling trees with a diameter larger than the bar length. However these methods involve a much greater risk that the kickback zone of the bar will come into contact with the tree.

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