HP HP-UX Debugging Tools User Manual

HP/DDE

HP

9000

Debugger

Series

700/800

User's

Computers

Guide

ABCDE

HP

Part No. B3476-90015

Printed in USA

First Edition

E0796

July 1996

Legal

The

information

Hew

lett-Packar

including,

tness for

errors

con

damages

material.

W

arran

t

y

Hewlett-P

lo

cal

Sales

Notices

in

d

makes

but

not

a

p

articular

tained

in

.

ack

herein

connection

A

cop

y

ard

pro

and

Service

this

limite

of

the

duct

do

cumen

no

dto,

purp

or

direct,

with

sp

and

Oce.

t

warr

anty

the implie

ose.

Hewlett-P

the

furnishing,

ecic

w

replacemen

is

sub

of

any

d

indirect,

arran

ject

to

kind

warr

anties

ac

k

sp

ecial,

p

erformance,

t

y

terms

t

parts

c

hange without

with

re

of

mer

ard

shall

not

inciden

applicable to

can

b

e

gard

to this

chantability

b

e

held

tal

or

or

use

obtained

notice.

manual,

liable

consequen

of this

your

from

and

y

our

for

tial

Cop

yrigh

This

are

reserv

permission

Restricted Righ

Go

vernmen

of

the

252.227-7013

Commercial

other

HEWLETT-PA

3000 Hano

c



t

do

cumen

ed.

is

tis

Righ

ts

agencies.

ver Street

1983-96

t

con

Repro

prohibited,

subject

in

for

tains

ts

Legend.

T

ec

DOD

Hewlett-P

information

duction,

except

to restrictions

hnical

agencies,

Computer Soft

CKARD COMP

ac

adaptation,

as

Use,

duplication

Data

and

and

ware

Restricted Righ

ANY

k

ard

Compan

whic

h

is protected

or

translation

allo

w

ed

under

or

as

set

forth

Computer Soft

subparagraphs

y

the

cop

disclosure

in

subparagraph

ware

(c)

ts

clause

b

y

cop

without

yrigh

b

y

the

clause at

(1)

and

at

F

yrigh

prior

t

la

U.S.

(c)

AR

t.

All

written

ws.

(c)

(1)

DF

ARS

(2)

of

52.227-19

Palo Alto, California 94304 U.S.A.

Use of this man

pack is restricted to this product only

be made for securit

ual and exible disk(s) or tap e cartridge(s) supplied for this

. Additional copies of the programs ma

y and bac

k-up

purposes only

. Resale of the programs in

their present form or with alterations, is expressly prohibited.

c



Copyright 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985-93 Regents of the University of California

righ

(ii)

the

ts

for

y

This soft

under



















T

coun

X

license

c

Cop

yrigh

c

Cop

yright

c

Cop

yrigh

c

Cop

yrigh

c

Cop

yright

c

Cop

yrigh

c

Cop

yrigh

c

Cop

yrigh

c

Cop

yrigh

rademarks.

tries,

Windo

ware

is

based

from

t

1980,

1986-1992 Sun

t

1985-86,

t

1989-93

1986 Digital

t

1990

t

1990,

t

1989-1991

t

1988

UNIX

licensed

w

System

in

part

the

Regen

1984,

1986

1988

The

Op

Equipment

Motorola,

1991,

1992

The

Carnegie

is

a

registered

exclusiv

is

a

trademark

on

the

F

ourth

ts

of

the

Univ

No

v

ell,

Inc.

Microsystems, Inc.

Massac

en

h

Soft

usetts

w

are

Foundation,

Corp

Inc.

Cornell

Univ

Mellon

ersity

Univ

Univ

of

Maryland

ersit

trademark

ely

through

of

X/Op

the

Massac

Berk

ersit

y

of

Institute

oration.

ersit

y

y

in the

en

Compan

h

eley

Soft

w

California.

of

T

ec

hnology

Inc.

United States

y

Limited.

usetts

Institute

are

Distribution

.

of

and

Tec

other

hnology

.

OSF/Motif

and

other

\Sun"

Solaris,

NFS

Sun

and

SPAR

is

a

trademark

Microsystems,

is

coun

the

a

trademark

tries.

Sun

logo

C, and

Inc.

of

SP

of

the

are

trademarks

AR

Cstation

Sun

Microsystems,

Op

en

Soft

of

are

trademarks

w

are

F

Sun

Microsystems,

Inc.

Copyrigh

oundation, Inc.

Inc.

of

Sun

Microsystems,

c



1986,

t

in

the

SunOS,

1987,

U.S.

Inc.

1988

Printing

History

New editions

previous

supplemen

The

HP/DDE

soft

edition.

ts.

ware

at

B3476-90015

B3476-90011

B3476-90004

of

this

W

version

the

time

man

e

ma

num

w

ual

y

b

e

issued

will

issue

er

July

June

April

a

prin

incorp

tec

ted

the

man

1996

1995

1994

orate

hnical

alongside

ual.

all

material

addendum or

the

date

up

dated

since

release notes

indicates

the

as

v

ersion

V

ersion

V

ersion

V

ersion

the

of

4.0

3.2

3.0

iv

Preface

The

HP/DDE

En

vironmen

op

erating

Debugger User's

t

(HP/DDE),

system.

the

Guide

high-lev

describ

el

language

es the

HP Distributed

debugger

for

the

Debugging

HP-UX

HP/DDE

HP-UX

The

The

pro

cess

expression

is

and Solaris

debugger

main

debugger

con

trol,

ev

also

softw

aluation.

source languages,

This

man

ual

con

HP/DDE's

line-mo

OSF/Motif

de

in

terface

Note

Reference

debugging

is

a

v

a

vailable

ailable

from within

information

tasks

from

command.

the

default

systems.

are consists

pro

vides

program

and

The

managers

target mac

tains

information

user

and

the

HP/DDE

SoftBenc

that

manual.

is

h

v

diers

somewhat

The debugging

The SoftBenc

Solaris

are

the

systems.

on

a

v

ailable

Help

debugger

Manager

the debugger

SoftBenc

of

the

suc

h

basic

data

hines,

on

interface.

debugger

also

the default

ersion

h

Program

of

online

h

Program

main

debugger

debugger

monitoring,

ob

enable

ject

ho

the

le

w

to

It also

managers

SoftBenc

HP/DDE

from

the

commands

Debugger

commands

through

on

the

HP

if y

ou use

Debugger

functions

program

debugger

formats,

p

erform

con

tains

in

app

has

in

terface

and

the

HP

VUE

the

Help

whic

and

a

set

as

information,

to

and

user

debugging

information

endixes.

h

Program

a

graphical

presen

are

the

same.

runs

on

b

oth

information

Help System.

fron

t

panel.

men

u

h runs

of

managers.

program

handle

in

terfaces.

tasks

on

Debugger.

user

ted

in

HP-UX

on

p

It

or

issue

on b

con

trol,

and

dieren

using

the

in

terface

this

and

erforming

This help

is

also

the

help

oth

t

The

v

Audience

Audience

This

manual

is

written

for

programmers

in

C,

C++,

F

OR

TRAN,

or

P

ascal.

vi

Summary

of

T

ec

hnical

Changes

This

edition

of

the

HP/DDE

Distributed Debugging

w

orkstations.

HP/DDE

A

Supp

Enhanced

Supp

V

ersion

new

and

ort

of

debugging

ort

for

Allo

wing

Automatic

Allo

wing

Supp

ort

for

Supp

ort for

4.0

easier

P

to

A-RISC 2.0

ANSI

ob

ject

C++,

specic

detection

w

atc

hp

long

dynamic_cast<

pro

use

oin

long

En

of

ts

Debugger User's

vironmen

vides

the

t

follo

graphical

assembly

optimized

including:

of

on

breakp

most

t

yp

oin

o

v

reference-t

es.

typ

e

(HP/DDE)

wing

new

user

in

terface.

language.

co

de

in

C.

ts.

erloaded

yp

e

variables.

>(

expr

)

Guide

op

erators.

op

erator.

Summary

do

cuments

V

ersion

features

of

T

echnical

4.0

on

and

enhancemen

the

HP

HP-UX

Changes

ts:

Supp

ort

for

F

OR

Prin

Kind

Sp

Impro

Supp

printf

Supp

ting

Suxes.

ecifying

v

emen

ort

.

ort

F

OR

ranges

ts

of

of

TRAN

TRAN

to

the

string

calls

90,

90

in

arrays.

call

literal

to

functions in

including:

v

alues.

command,

and

union

images

including:

argumen

outside

ts,

whic

of

the

Support of calls to shared library functions with return v

Performance impro

vement for v

ery large applications.

h

allo

curren

ws

calls

t

alues.

lo

cation.

to

vii

Related

Do

cumen

tation

Related

F

or more

do

Documentation

cumen

ts:

Pr

o

gr

amming

programming

creating

programs.

HP/PAK

the

p

erformance

The

HP

HP

F

OR

F

OR

TRAN

The

HP

Guide

(92434-90002)

systems.

information

on

HP-UX

on HP-UX

on

HP-UX.

and

managing

Performanc

tools

F

OR

TRAN/9000

TRAN/9000

user

e

A

provided

Pr

programming language

C/HP-UX

R

efer

describ

programming,

(B2355-90653) pro

It

includes

libraries,

nalysis

Pr

o

gr

ammer's

enc

e

e

o

gr

Manual

the

information

optimizing

T

o

ols

User's

by

the HP

ammer's

Guide

on

(92453-90024)

C

programming

HP-UX

refer

to

vides an

ab

programs,

Guide

Program

R

efer

enc

e

(B3906-90002)

(B3906-90001)

systems.

language

the

follo

wing

o

v

out

erview

linking

of

programs,

and

p

(B3476-90016)

Analysis

Kit

describ

and

HP

CPr

on

HP-UX

orting

describ

(HP/P

and

e

the

o

gr

ammer's

es

AK).

The

HP

C++

Pr

o

gr

R

efer

enc

e

Car

d

(B1637-90001)

HP-UX

The

Pasc

programming

The

language

Tutorial

The

systems.

HP

Pasc

al/HP-UX

al/HP-UX

language

Assembly

L

programming

(92432-90005) in

Precision A

Pr

anguage

rchitecture and Instruction Set R

(09740-90014) and

Manual

1.1 arc

(09740-90039) describ e, respectiv

hitectures.

ammer's

o

gr

ammer's

PA-RISC 1.1 A

PA-RISC 2.0 A

Refer

on

HP-UX

R

efer

on

HP-UX

troduces

Guide

describ

ence

Guide

enc

ISBN 0-13-182734-0), describes the P

viii

(92501-90026) and

e

the

C++

Manual

(92431-90005)

(92431-90006)

systems.

e

Manual

Series

the assem

(92432-90001)

700/800

bly language debugger.

rchitectureand

ely, the P

rchitecture

,b

A-RISC 2.0 arc

the

HP

programming

and

describ

e

describ

systems.

eference Manual

Instruction Set R

A-RISC 1.0 and P

y Gerry Kane

hitecture.

C++

Quick

language

HP

the

HP P

ascal

es

assem

The

ADB

eference

A-RISC

(Prentice-Hall,

on

bly

The

Pr

o

c

describ

The

xdb

The

es

HP-UX

debugger.

X

Window

information ab

T

oorder

please

con

man

tact

e

dur

pro

uals,

e

Cal

ling

cedure

Symbolic

System

out the

call

y

our

lo

Conventions

calling

con

v

Debugger User's

cal

User's

X

HP

sales

Guide

Windo

DIRECT

oce.

R

efer

entions

on P

Guide

,

O'Reilly &

w

System.

at

1-800-637-7740.

enc

e

Manual

A-RISC systems.

(B2355-90044)

Associates,

Related

Documentation

(09740-90015)

describ

Inc., pro

Outside

the

es

vides

USA,

the

ix

T

yp

ographical

Con

v

en

tions

Typographical

computer

font

Conv

entions

Computer

literals,

In

syn

k

eyw

sho

underlined text In in

input.

italic

typ

e

In

v

alues

syn

titles

b

oldface

t

yp

e

Boldface

are

[

]

f

g

In

syn

In syn

m

ust

fon

source co

tax

formats,

ords,

and

wn.

teractive

tax

formats,

that

and

for

w

also

dened

tax

formats,

tax formats,

c

ho

ose

t

indicates

punctuation

examples,

y

ou

m

emphasis.

ords

in

in

an

item.

commands,

de, system

computer

underlined

w

ords

or

ust

supply

glossary

the

glossary

square

braces

output, and

fon

t

indicates

that

y

ou

c

haracters

.

Italics

denitions

.

brac

k

ets

enclose

a

k

eyw

m

ust

text

represen

in

are

also

indicate

enclose

list

from

ords,

options,

path

names.

commands,

enter

italics

used

terms that

optional

whic

exactly as

ts

user

represent

for

b

o

ok

items.

h

y

ou

j

In

choices.

.

.

.

In

can

.

.

.

Av

example

5

4

key

name

(N) An italicized w

Type the corresponding k

indicates a page and section n

Reference

Section 1 of the

x

syn

tax

formats,

syn

tax formats,

rep

eat

the

ertical ellipsis

ha

v

e

.F

or example,

a

v

a horizon

preceding

means

b

een

omitted.

ord follo

HP-UX R

ertical

bar

tal ellipsis

item

one

that

irrelev

ey on the

wed b

yan

umber in the

cc

(1) refers to the

eference

separates

items

indicates

or

more

times.

an

t

parts

keyboard.

umber in paren

HP-UX

c

c

.

in

that

of

a

gure

theses

page in

a

list

of

y

ou

or

Typographical

Conv

entions

Menu:Item

This

notation

example, since

selection

is

written

indicates a

Quit

is

on

as

File:Quit

choice

the

from the

File

.

men

u,

menu

the

bar.

men

F

or

u

bar

xi

In

In

The

This

This

Book

following

Bo

ok

is

a

brief

description

of

the

con

ten

ts

of

this

man

ual:

Chapter

Chapter

Chapter

Chapter

Chapter

Chapter

Chapter

Chapter

App

endix

App

endix

Appendix

App

endix D

1

2

Presen

in

terface

Describ

ts

es

an

and

ho

o

v

erview

online

w

to

of

the

help system.

compile,

debugger's

load,

and

graphical

execute

a

target

user

program.

3

Describ

es

ho

w

to

use

breakp

oin

ts,

w

atc

hp

oints,

traces, and

intercepts.

4

Describ

es

ho

wto

view and

manipulate

target

program

data.

5

6

7

8

A

B

C

Describ

Describ

Describ

and

Describ

es

es

es

visibilit

es ho

application

Describ

Describ

Describ

es

es

es

Describes

ho

w

to

use

the

how

to

customize

the

concepts

y

rules,

and

w

to

use

the

requiremen

ts.

the debugger's

the

debugger's

the

debugger's

the debugger's

debugger's

the

of

blo

c

the

use

debugger

line-mode

language

target

ob ject

debugger.

ks

and

of

qualied

to

interface.

managers.

managers.

managers.

command

en

vironments,

names.

handle

sp

line.

ecial

scop

e

Appendix E

This man

ual also con

xii

Describes the debugger's user in

tains a Glossary and Index.

terface managers.

Contents

1.

Ov

erview

HP/DDE

HP/DDE

Using

2.

Compiling,

Preparing

Inv

oking

Setting

Stopping

In

v

oking

Startup

In

v

oking

Using

Using

A

ttac

hing

Using

Using

Stopping

Restarting

Using

Using

Interrupting a Running Program

Interrupting in System or Nondebuggable Routines

Examining Source Files

Executing the T

Using Command Buttons

Using the go Command

Using the step Command

Using the Mouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17

at

a

Glance

Online

HP/DDE

Loading,

the

T

arget

the

Debugger

P

A

TH

the

Debugger

and

Loading

.

.

.

and

Loading

the

File

the debug

the

Debugger

the

File

the debug

the

T

arget

the

T

arget

the File

the

restart

arget Program

.

Help

.

Online

and

Program

.

and

MANP

a

T

.

. .

a

T

Men

u

.

Command .

to

Men

u

.

Command

Program .

Program

Menu

.

Command

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

Help

Executing

.

arget

.

arget

.

.

.

. . . . . . . . . .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

the

T

arget

Program

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

A

TH V

ariables

.

.

.

.

.

Program

.

.

.

.

.

Program

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

a Running

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

During

.

.

F

rom

.

.

.

.

Process

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

Debugger

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

the

Debugger .

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

. .

.

.

. .

. .

. .

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

. . . . . . . . . . 2-10

. . . . . 2-10

. . . . . . . . 2-12

.

.

.

.

. 1-7

. .

.

. 2-3

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

. 2-14

1-2

1-6

2-2

2-3

2-3

2-4

2-5

2-5

2-6

2-7

2-7

2-7

2-9

2-9

2-9

2-9

Contents-1

3.

Looking

Using

Using

Using

Using

Setting

Using

Using

Sp

Sp

Breaking

Setting

Using

Using

Using

Setting

Viewing

Using

Using

Using

Using

Setting

Using

Using

Using

Setting

Using

Using

at the

the

tb

the

en

Monitors

Monitors

Breakpoin

the

Mouse

the

breakp

ecifying Lo

ecifying

at Blo

Breakp

Breakp

the Break

the

Breakp

W

atc

hp

and

Command

the

W

atc

the

Data

the

watc

Traces

the

T

race

the

T

race

the trace

In

tercepts

the

In

tercepts

the in

tercept

Call/Return

Command

vironment

(Breakp

.

ts .

cations

Actions

oin

oin

Mo

h

W

hpoin

. .

Command

oin

.

.

.

.

.

.

oin

t

Command

cks

or Routines

oin

ts

ts

When

Men

u

oin

t

Set/Change

ts

.

.

difying

Buttons

Men

u

atc

hp

t

Command

.

.

Men

u

Set/Change

.

. .

Dialog

Command

Stac

k

.

.

.

.

.

Command .

ts,

W

atc

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

in

Alternate

Debugging

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

W

atc

hp

oin

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

oin

t

Set/Change

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

Dialog

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

Bo

x

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

hp

oin

ts,

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Source

Lo

.

.

.

Dialog Bo

.

.

. .

ts

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

Bo

x

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

T

races,

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

Files

ops

.

.

x .

.

.

.

.

.

.

Dialog

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

Bo

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

and

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

x

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

In

tercepts)

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

2-18

.

2-19

.

2-19

.

3-2

.

3-3

.

3-3

.

3-3

.

3-4

. 3-4

.

3-4

. 3-4

. 3-5

.

3-5

.

3-6

.

3-8

.

3-9

.

3-10

.

3-11

.

3-12

.

3-13

.

3-14

.

3-15

. 3-16

.

3-17

.

3-18

.

3-18

. 3-20

4. Viewing and

Examining V

Using Command Buttons

Using the Mouse

Using the Data V

Using Debugger

Examining Arra

Examining Ob jects Referenced b

Contents-2

Manipulating T

ariables and Expressions

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

alue Men

Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

ys .

arget Program Data

. . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

. . . . .

u . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

. . . . . . . . . 4-4

yP

ointers .

. . . . . . . 4-6

. . . . . 4-5

4-3

Examining

Using Register

5.

Using

Abbreviating

En

tering

Using

Con

Resolving

Resolving

Editing

Using

Recording

In

v

Redirecting

Creating

Using

Com

Creating

Creating

Understanding

Examining Link

Examining

Debugger

Multiple

Command

tinuing

the

the

oking

Shell

Alias

Reserv

bining

Errors

Execution

Action

Command

Placing

Buers

Registers

Debugger Commands

Commands

Syn

tax

Case Sensitivit

Command

Command

Command Sequences

Commands

Input

and

ed

Iden

Debugger

Action

Conditional

in

Action

of

List Execution

step

ed Lists

.

.

. .

Commands

Commands

Debugger

Lists

.

.

on

Conicts

y .

Line

History

and

Output

Dene

tiers

Commands

Lists

Action List

Multiple

and

.

Action Lists

Lists

.

.

.

go

Commands

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

Commands

.

. .

the

Next

.

.

.

. .

.

.

F

acilit

for

from

the Debugger

.

Macros

and Sp

Action

F

ecial

Using

.

.

.

Execution in

.

.

. .

Lists

ollo

wing

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

. .

. .

Line

.

.

.

.

.

.

y

Later

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

an

. .

in

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

on

One

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

Pla

.

.

.

.

.

.

Macros

Action

.

.

.

.

.

Sp

. .

.

.

In

teractiv

.

.

Action

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Line

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

ybac

k

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Lists

.

.

.

.

.

.

ecial

Circumstances

. .

.

.

.

.

e

step

.

.

.

Lists

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

4-7

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

4-8

.

4-10

.

4-12

.

5-2

.

5-2

.

5-2

.

5-3

. 5-3

.

5-4

.

5-5

5-5

.

5-6

.

5-7

.

5-7

.

5-9

.

5-11

.

5-15

. 5-15

.

5-16

5-16

.

5-16

. 5-16

.

5-17

. 5-17

6.

Customizing

Using the Options

Using Startup Command Files

Using a P

A Sample P

Emulating Other Debuggers

Compatibility

Compatibility with db

the

Debugger

Menu.

ersonal Startup File to Customize

ersonal Startup File .

with xdb

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

the Debugger

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

. . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

x . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . 6-8

. . . . . 6-9

. . 6-4

Contents-3

. 6-3

7. Iden

8.

tifying Program

Understanding

Changing

Overriding

Applying

Using

Debugging in

Examining

Debugging

Debugging

Assem

Debugging Optimized Code

Debugging P

Debugging Applications That Use ioctl or

Running the Debugger Remotely

Qualied

Blo

c

F

ully

Image

Sp

ecial

Qualied

Frame

A

ttac

Core

Making

Stripp

Viewing

Setting

En

vironmen

Thread-Sp

bly

Using

Using

Sa

ving

Optimized Code and Unoptimized Co de

What Optimization Does to Program Logic

What Optimization Do

the

the

Scop

e

k

Qualied

Qualied

Qualied Names

Blo

c

k

Names

Sym

b

ols

Bloc

Sp

Core

hing

to

File

Debugging

Shared

Multi-Threaded

lib

dce.sl

ed

and Unstripp

and Manipulating

Breakp

t

ecic Debugger

Lev

el

the

Assem

Debugger Commands

Assem

arent and Child Processes

Ob

jects

Blo

c

ks

and

En

vironment

Curren

and

Names

Names

Qualied

k Qualied

ecial

Files

a

Core

oin

in

Debugging .

bly

t

Language

Visibilit

. .

Names

.

Libraries

W

Multi-Threaded

bly

.

.

F

for

Predened,

.

.

.

Situations

.

.

File

.

ritable

ts

on

Threads

Instructions

Co

de

in

En

vironmen

. .

y

Rules

. .

.

.

.

.

. .

orms

.

.

Names

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

Applications

.

ed V

ersions

Threads .

Commands

. .

a

File

. . . .

es to Data .

ts

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

. 7-2

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

. .

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

User-Declared,

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

of

lib

dce.sl

.

.

. .

. .

. .

Applications

.

.

. .

.

.

.

Dialog

.

.

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24

Bo

x

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17

. . . . . . . . . . 8-18

. . . . . . . . . . . 8-21

. . . . . . . . . .

curses . . . . . . . 8-23

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. . . . . .

and

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

External

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. 8-6

.

. 8-7

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. 8-10

.

.

.

.

. 8-13

. .

.

. 8-16

. 8-18

. 8-22

7-3

7-4

7-4

7-6

7-6

7-7

7-9

7-9

7-9

7-10

8-2

8-2

8-3

8-4

8-7

8-8

8-9

8-11

8-13

8-14

Contents-4

A. Line-Mo

In

v

The

de User

oking

User

Screen Displa

Examples

B.

Language Managers

C

Language

C++

Language

F

ORTRAN

HP

P

ascal

C.

HP-UX

Solaris

T

arget

HP-UX

PA-RISC

SP

Managers

P

Solaris SP

In

terface

the

Line-Mo

In

terface Startup

y

Con

v

.

.

.

.

Manager

Manager

Language

Language

Assembly

AR

C

Assem

A-RISC

AR

T

arget

C

T

arget

de

User

en

tions

.

.

.

.

.

.

Manager

Manager

bly

Language

Manager

Manager

In

File .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

terface

.

. .

.

. .

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

. .

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Language Manager

Manager

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

. .

.

. .

.

.

. .

.

.

. .

. .

. .

.

A-2

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

A-3

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

A-4

.

A-5

.

B-3

.

B-7

.

B-13

.

B-18

.

B-22

.

B-25

C-3

.

C-7

D. Ob

HP

Solaris

E.

User

Graphical

Line-Mo

SoftBenc

Glossary

Index

ject

SOM

In

Managers

Ob

ject

SP

AR

C

terface

Managers

User

de

User

h

User In

Manager

Ob

ject

Manager

In

terface

In

terface

Manager

Manager

terface Manager

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

D-3

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

D-4

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

E-3

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. E-4

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

E-5

Contents-5

Figures

1-1. Debugger

1-2.

The

2-1.

Load/Rerun

2-2.

Source

2-3.

Stac

3-1.

The Break

3-2. The

3-3.

The

3-4.

The

3-5.

The

3-6.

The

3-7.

The

3-8.

The

4-1.

The

4-2.

Sho

w

6-1.

The

6-2.

A Sample

7-1.

Sample

7-2.

Sample

7-3.

Sample Call/Return

8-1. The

8-2.

Stac

8-3. Assem

8-4. Unoptimized Code: Statemen

8-5. Optimized Code: Statemen

Main Windo

In

tro

ductory

Dialog

File

Displa

k

View

Dialog

Menu

Breakpoin

Data

W

atc

Data

T

race

T

race

In

tercepts

Data

Registers

Options

Mo

Mo

Threads Dialog

k

View

bly Instructions Dialog Bo

t

W

atc

hp

h

Men

u

W

atc

hp

Men

u

Set/Change

Dialog

Value

Dialog

Men

Personal

dule

Illustrating

dules

Dialog

w

.

HP/DDE

Bo

x

.

y

.

.

.

Bo

x

.

.

.

.

.

Set/Change

oin

ts Dialog

.

.

.

.

oin

t

Set/Change

. .

.

.

Dialog

Bo

x

Tear-O

u

Illustrating

Bo

Bo

.

.

Startup

Stac

k

Box

x

Showing

Men

x

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

(General)

.

File

Scop

and

t-to-Instruction

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Help

Screen

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

Dialog

Box

.

.

.

Dialog

.

.

.

Bo

x

.

.

.

u

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

eand

F

ully

Qualied

Program

. .

. .

Curren

x.

t-to-Instruction Mapping .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Bo

x

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

Bo

x

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Visibility

Names

.

.

. .

.

t

Thread

. . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14

Mapping .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

. 2-18

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. 7-8

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. . . 8-19

. . . . 8-20

1-3

1-7

2-6

2-12

3-6

3-7

3-9

3-11

3-12

3-15

3-16

3-19

4-4

4-11

6-2

6-6

7-5

7-11

8-8

8-10

Contents-6

T

ables

5-1.

Reserved

Iden

tiers

and

Sp

ecial

Macros

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

5-12

Contents-7

Ov

erview

The

HP

debugger"

op

erating

compilers

The

debugger

F

or

users

user

in

terface.

Distributed

or \HP/DDE")

system.

and

without

the

pro

The

HP

vides

access

Debugging

is a

debugger

assem

bler.

a

po

werful

to

OSF/Motif,

En

vironmen

high-lev

op

erates on

graphical

el

language

the

t

(also

referred

debugger

ob ject

user

in

terface

debugger

to

as

for

the

les generated

based

also

pro

vides

\the

HP-UX

b

y

HP

on

OSF/Motif.

a line-mo

1

1

de

The

debugger

debugging

This

chapter

in

terface

Note

en

vironment

giv

and

to

supp

orts

es

a

brief

the

debugger's

HP/DDE is

SoftBenc

that

diers

manual.

The

SoftBenc

Solaris

b

oth

exp

that

y

in

tro

also the

h

v

ersion of

somewhat

Ho

w

ev

h

systems.

ert

ou

can

duction

extensiv

er,

the

Program

and

no

vice

customize

to

the

debugger's

e

online help.

default

SoftBenc

HP/DDE has

from

the

debugger

Debugger

users

with

to

t

y

our

h

Program

a graphical

in

terface

commands

runs

an

easy-to-use

application.

graphical

user in

presen

ted

are

the

on

b

oth

user

Debugger.

The

terface

in

this

same.

HP-UX

and

Overview 1-1

In

This

Book

HP/DDE

The

debugger

Y

ou

con

trol

command

also

has

a line-mo

The

main windo

program

Figure

1

Men

In

v

I/O.

1-1

u

ok

Some

Other

manipulate

and

more.

2

Input

En

ter

Y

ou

can

source

commands. T

double-clic

at

a

Glance

provides

the

debugger

en

try

line,

de user

wof

Some

,

are:

Bar

e

commands

dialog

dialog

b

o

b

assem

Bo

x

parameters

en

ter

co

de,

debugger

ext

king.

ap

ow

b

y

or

from

interface

the debugger

of

the

features

or

displa

xes

allo

w

o

xes

include

bly

code,

for

command

information

output,

can

b

e

erful graphical

executing

commands

customizable

whic

h

displa

ys

of

the

y

dialog

y

ou

to

dynamic

sp

b

o

ecify

displa

registers, v

buttons

either

selected

b

or

program

either

y

t

user

command

is

describ

source

debugger

xes.

options

ys

ariables,

and

yping

or

I/O

b

y

dragging

in

terface

from

based

men

us,

buttons.

ed

in

App

endix

co

de,

debugger

main

windo

to

debugger commands.

that

allo

w

y

ou

threads,

pull-do

b

y

selecting

areas)

call/return

wn

men

for

the

mouse,

use

on

OSF/Motif.

from

the

(The debugger

A.)

w,

to

output,

sho

view

wn

in

and

stac

and

ks,

us.

text

(from

the

with

these

or

b

y

3

In

terrupt

In

terrupt

This

when the

Button

the

button

target

debugger

c

hanges

4 Lo cation Buttons

Change curren

t lo cation up and do

Indicators in this area sho

program counter (

1-2 Overview

or

the

target

from

Interrupt

program

is

executing.

wwhen the

PC

) lo cation. Locations are specied as function names.

program.

Debugger

wn the call/return

to

Interrupt Program

stack.

current location diers from the

In

This

1

Book

Figure 1-1. Debugger Main Windo

w

Overview 1-3

In

This

5

Annotation

Book

Margin

Shows

Clic

kwith

Clic

k

An

arro

6

Source

Clic

king

p

op-up

monitoring

T

o

searc

7

Customizable

In

v

ok

Y

ou

Options:User

8

Debugger

This

w

arnings,

9

Debugger

source le

the left

on

the

w

indicates

File

Displa

the

menu,

commands.

h

for

e

common

can

c

hange

Output

transcript

and

Command

line n

um

mouse

circled

B

sym

the

y

Area

righ

t

mouse

whic

h

con

text

strings

Command

debugger

these

buttons

Configurable

Area

pad

ec

ho

displa

ys

the

Input

b

ers.

button

b

ol

to

curren

t

button in

tains

a

in

the

Buttons

commands.

Buttons

es

debugger

output

Bo

x

on

delete

program

this area

n

um

b

source

or

create

from

a

line

n

um

the

breakp

coun

ter

in

er

of

program

le,

select

additional

.

commands,

debugger

b

er

to

set

oint.

lo

cation.

v

ok

es

the

execution

Visit:Search

buttons

displa

ys messages

commands.

a

breakp

Source

b

y

oin

Actions

and

.

selecting

and

t.

En

ter

debugger

F

or

a

complete

examples

10 User

see

Program I/O

Target program output is displa

commands.

list

of

the

online

Area

debugger

command

commands,

their

reference.

yed here. Input to target programs is

entered here.

The debugger's

task. F

or example, y

Enter debugger commands in the command

Invoke actions from men

GUI often pro

ou can:

us, dialog bo

vides several metho ds of performing a particular

input bo

xes, or command buttons.

Invoke actions bypointing and clicking with the mouse.

1-4 Overview

options,

x.

and

usage

In

This

1

Book

This man

eac

h

task.

In

general,

the

widest

man

ual

sho

F

or

complete

the

debugger's

debugger's

Note

ual attempts

en

tering

range of

ws

only

debugger

options and

the

information

online help.

command

If,

when

do

es

it

is

v

DDE.geometry

or

remov

line.

not

ery

to

describ

more

y

lo

small),

e

commands

commonly

on

a

You

ou

start

ok

the

for

this

denition

e

the

most

allows

the greatest

particular

can also

HP/DDE

w

a

y

it

y

ou

probably

an

earlier

common

in

the

used

options

command,

en

ter

help

4.0,

do

es

in Figure

hav

release

from

y

alternativ

command

exibilit

to

see

c

ommand

the

main

e dened

of

HP/DDE.

our

X

resources.

en

try

y

and

debugger

Command

debugger

1-1

(for

the X

es

for

p

bo

x pro

con

trol.

commands.

Reference

name

windo

example,

resource

Commen

erforming

vides

This

on

the

w

if

t

out

in

Overview 1-5

In

This

Book

HP/DDE

The debugger

use

k

eyw

Online

ord

has

searc

system.

Figure

men

Overview

Y

selection

The

ou

u

can

follo

1-2

bar

shows

of

.

also

in

wing

the

in

the

is

help:

Getting

of

the

through

Common

in

v

user

Common

debugger's

Debugging

ok

e general

in

terface.

Debugging

Started

basic

debugger functions

Help

an

extensiv

hes

or

the in

debugger's

v

ok

e

the

Help

Manager,

a

brief

con

graphical

debugging

Tasks:

debugger

Tasks:

with an

e

h

yp

clic

k

on

hyp

troductory

main

windo

debugger's

whic

description of

tains

a

quic

user in

pro

cedures.

Graphical

functions

Command

emphasis

ertext-based

erlinks to

help

screen

w.

Clic

online

h

is lo

help

cated

the ma

k

start

guide

terface, and

User

with

an

Line

describ

on

using

online

navigate

that

y

ou

k

on

Help

facilit

y

on

the

jor topical

that

a

tutorial

Interface

emphasis

es

debugger

help

facilit

through the

can

in

and

from

the

F

ron

t

P

divisions

sho

ws

the

that

describ

on

using

ho

w

to

in

commands.

v

ok

then

Top

anel.

basic

w

the

v

y

.

Y

help

e

from

select

Level

of

the

alks

es

ho

graphical

ok

e

general

ou

can

the

online

functions

y

ou

w

to

Graphical

and

sho

ws

User

ho

w

Command Reference

useful

in

Commenting

your

examples.

v

oking

help

on

comments about the online help to Hewlett-P

1-6 Overview

Interface

to

customize

describ

(Y

ou can

c

ommand

the

HP/DDE

describ

es

also in

name

Online

the

graphical

debugger

vok

in

the

es

the v

commands

e help

debugger

Help

arious debugger

user

in

terface.

and

on

a

particular

command

System

describes

ackard.

display

options

command

input

ho

w

and

b

o

y

ou

x.)

windows

con

tains

b

y

can

send

In

This

1

Book

Using

HP/DDE Online

HP/DDE

for.

Here

Clic

king

ma

jor

Figure

online

are

some

on

a

divisions

h

help

of

yp

erlink.

of the

1-2.

pro

the

The

Help

vides

metho

Hyp

online

Introductory

several

ds

y

ou

erlinks

help.

Hyp

text.

Searching for a k

allows y

ou to searc

eyword. Select the

h through the k

eyword index. Clic

display the help on that item.

Using the

help

command. The

command

reference page for the specied command.

HP/DDE

wa

ys to

nd

can

use:

connect topics

erlinks

Index

are

button to in

help

command

Help

Screen

the

topic

y

ou

are

within and

displa

y

ed

as

among the

underlined

voke a dialog bo

k on an index item to

name

invokes

Overview 1-7

lo

oking

xthat

the

In

This

Book

Pressing

windows.

Y

ou

can

na

including:

Clicking

another

Clic

king

the

History

topics

that

Selecting

More

information on

debugger's

F1

vigate

on an

topic.

on

an

y

the

men

to

obtain con

through

item

from

item

in the

button

ou

ha

v

e

Backtrack

using the

u

bar

b

text-sensitive

the

the

from

to

visited.

button to

y

clicking

HP/DDE

topic

hierarc

history list

in

v

ok

e

the

return

HP

Help

on

Help

help in

online

help

h

y

in

to return

a

dialog

to

the

System

and

then

dialog b

using

the

Help

to

a

b

o

x

previous

is

a

v

ailable

selecting

o

xes

sev

windo

previous

that

sho

topic.

from

Using

and

eral

ws

displa

metho

w

to

topic.

a

the

Help

list

y

ds,

go

to

Select

of

.

1-8 Overview

2

2

Compiling,

Program

This

c

hapter

Preparing

Starting

Load

Examining

Con

trolling

Viewing

For

more

see

the

command

bo

x.

The

online

graphical

describ

a

program

and

stopping

and

unloading a

source

the

the

current

information

online

b

y

en

command

help

user in

tering

Loading,

es:

for

the

target program.

les.

execution

execution

on

the

reference.

help

also

con

tains

terface.

and

debugging.

debugger.

of

the

target

call

debugger

Y

c

ommand

more

information

Executing

program.

stac

k.

commands

ou

can also

name

in

men

inv

the

on

tioned

ok

e

help

debugger

using

the

the

on

in

this

a

T

arget

c

hapter

particular

command

debugger's

input

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-1

In

This

Book

Preparing

To

prepare

compiler's

causes

le.

F

$

You

can

directory

sources

If

you

option,

a

option

it to

or

example:

cc

-g

nd

/opt/langtools/dde/examples

for

average

attempt

the

debugger

(Warning)

Limited

Some

of

the

Y

ou

can

access

Line

n

um

b

Y

ou can

p

oin

t

names,

set breakp

compiled

initialize

compiled

necessary

the

T

arget

target

program

for

debugging,

add information

average.c

average.c

to

in

debug

F

,

OR

a

a

displa

Object

debugging

file

will

limitations on

the

v

alues

ers

are

not

a

v

oin

ts

and

virtual

with

-g

and

some

-altdbinfo

without

on

Solaris

-g

.

(Use of

systems.)

Program

for

debugging,

usually

needed b

sample

TRAN,

program

ys a

program

C++,

that

message similar

has

no

be available.

debugging

of

global

ailable

on

en

in

try

addresses.

w

ere

compiled

command

the

compile

-g

.

A

ythe

debugger

that

.

In

and

w

as

compiled

debug

co

v

ariables

the

p

oin

Ho

information.

de

compiled

Assem

ts

using

wev

er, if

without

to

set

breakp

initialize

the

compiler's

to

y

ou

can

that

directory

P

ascal.

to the

without

but not

bly

Instructions

pro

cedure

some

-g

oin

ts

-altdbinfo

program

debugging

the

program's

practice

,

y

without

following:

the

their

descriptions.

names,

mo

dules

,

y

ou

must

on

those

command

using

on,

ou

can

the

-g

dialog

en

w

ere

mo

the

option

ob

ject

in

the

also

nd

debugging

option

are:

b

o

x.

try

use the

dules

is

not

The

debugger

use source

program

will

command to

execution

not

automatically

display

or

in

v

oke

source co

debugger

displa

y

de. Ho

commands

source

wev

in

co

de.

er,

the

Y

ou

y

ou

source

cannot

area.

Shared libraries, whic

h are often compiled without

-g

, are a special case. See

\Debugging Shared Libraries" in Chapter 8 for more information.

2-2 Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program

can

le

use

the

follo

displa

w

y

Inv

oking

To

in

v

detailed

man

page.

the

ok

e

the

information

Debugger

debugger,

on

en

the

ter

dde

the

dde

command

command

and

in

its

a

shell

options,

pro

refer

cess

to the

In

This

windo

dde

Book

w. F

(1)

2

or

When

Then,

the

source

Next,

startup

Chapter

When

Figure

Note

follo

$

y

ou in

it

executes

wing

les:

dde

the

le

6

y

ou

1-1

vok

ethe

command

-do

"property

debugger

if

y

ou

for

more

in

v

ok

e

).

Starting

on

an

ha

the

Solaris

information

Setting P

You

to

use

m

ust

the

ATH

ha

v

dde

e

and

the

/opt/langtools/bin

command.

/opt/langtools/bin

debugger,

y

commands

line

sp

sdir

executes

v

e

startup

created

information

debugger,

the

debugger

systems. See

on

MANP

m

A

If

y

ou

ust precede

it

rst

sp

ecies

~/src"

one.

on

the

starting

TH

V

ha

executes

ecied

where

command

See

\Using

startup

debugger's

from

the

the

a

user

with

the

-do

the

debugger should

les, including

Startup

les.

main

the

command

softdebug

debugger.

ariables

directory

v

e

/usr/softbench/bin

in

it.

in

terface

option.

startup

F

search

your

Command Files"

windo

w

app

ears

line

is

not

(1)

man

page

y

our

PATH

in

in

y

our

or

example,

personal

(see

supp

for

order

PATH

le.

for

in

orted

,

You

must

hav

ethe

/opt/langtools/share/man

access

the

dde

(1)

man page.

Stopping the Debugger

To stop and exit the debugger, c

the

quit

command.

If a target program is running,

hoose

the debugger kills it. Ho

program is an attached process (see \A

Process"), the debugger frees it.

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-3

File:Quit

directory

from the men

in

y

our

MANPATH

u bar or en

wever, if the target

ttaching the Debugger to a Running

to

ter

In

This

Book

Inv

oking and

Startup

If

y

ou

w

an

t

the

the

target program

example,

If

the

its

options

options

F

or

if

$

dde

target

argumen

(particularly

to

example,

the

test

ts

the

-synchronous

$

dde --

An

y

options

follo

wing

example

for

the

debugger's

$

dde

-bg

Loading

debugger

target

program

with

a

dde

command.

if

the

,en

ter

test

to

the

dde

sho

windo

black

a

to load

inv

ocation

program

requires

double

X

Windo

target

as

name

argumen

h

yphen

w

program

-synchronous

command

ws

the

use

ws:

-fg

white

T

arget

the target

the

(

last

is

ts,

--

test

).

Program

program at

argumen

,

en

precede

Using

System options)

is

called

are

of the

--

en

X

test

test

tered

b

options

-synchronous

t

ter

the

from

,

and

efore

-bg

During

startup, then

to

the

the

target

double h

b

eing

test

the

and

dde

program

yphen

in

tak

double

-fg

Debugger

en

command.

and

prev

terpreted

es

the

X

h

yphen.The

to

set

the

ter

F

or

en

ts

as

option

colors

2-4 Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program

Inv

oking and

Debugger

Y

ou

can

in

v

debug

command.

ok

Loading

e

and

load a

a

T

arget

target program

Program

from the

File men

From

u

the

or

b

In

y

This

using

Book

2

the

Using the

Select

dialog

File Menu

File:Load Executable

b

o

x,

sho

wn

The Load/Rerun

1.

Sp

ecifying

dialog

w

orking

2.

Sp

ecifying

3.

Changing

4.

Redirecting

stdout

5. Sp

ecifying the

windo

the path

b

o

x

con

directory

program argumen

the

stdin

and

stderr

w

ab

o

v

in

dialog

taining

curren

en

e

the

Figure

b

o

x

name of

a

list

.)

t

w

orking

,

stdout

to

b

e

vironmen

input b

to in

2-1

,

app

allo

ws:

the target

of

ts.

,

and

added

t

v

ariables

oxes

v

ok

e

a

ears.

directories

directory

stderr

to

or

to

to

lists

the

target

program.

program. (The

and

le

names under

.

.

Append

o

v

b

e

curren

erwrite

passed

t

settings.

and

existing

to

The

5

buttons

4

...

Replace

the

target

Load/Rerun

in

the curren

buttons

les.

programs.

vok

ea

t

allo

w

A

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-5

In

This

Book

Figure

Using

T

debug

the

o

inv

oke

a target

command follow

debug

Command

program from

ed b

For example, if the target program

enter the

following command:

debug

test -F testfile

2-1.

Load/Rerun

the debugger

Dialog

command input

y the target program in

test

takes the argumen

Bo

x

vocation.

bo

x,

t

-F testfile

To redirect the target program's standard input and output, use the

command's

-input

and

-output

options.

2-6 Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program

en

ter

debug

the

,

A

ttaching

To

debug

target

program

a

running

the

Debugger

pro

or

y

ou

cess,

m

ust

y

ou

b

e

to

m

ust

logged

a

Running

either

in as

root

ha

v

e

the

.

Process

same

user

ID

In

This

as the

Book

2

Using

T

1.

2. En

3.

Using

F

option,

If

con

or

Y

the

o

attach

If

the

that

con

Directory

ter the

Select

the debug

rom

the

sp

the

debugger's

tains

the

-wd

ou

can

File

to a

debugger's

tains

.

name of

File:Debug

command

ecifying

the

target

option

set

breakp

HP-UX systems,

program

unless

/usr/lib/pxdb

Menu

running pro

curren

the

target

the pro

Running Process()

Command

input

a

pro

cess

curren

you

y

ou

pro

cess,

to

the

oin

ts

cannot set

run

-s

t

debug

in

on

cess

from

t

directory

pro

cess,

cess

b

o

x,

en

ID.

The

directory

use

either

command.

the

main

breakp

exe

cutable

in

ter

is not

c

the

ps

the

debugger

is

not

hange

():

.

the

debug

(1)

command

the

the

obje

program

oin

ts

le

men

the

same

it

using

parameter

command

same

pr

ct

of

an

in

shared

u

bar:

as

the

directory

File:Change

input

with

displa

ys

pro

as

the

directory

p

am

athname

hed

pro

o

gr

attac

libraries

Working

b

o

x.

the

cess

cess. On

used

-attach

IDs.

that

argumen

b

y

the

t

on

the program

Chapter 8

When y

ou attac

for

before

more

executing it.

information

h to a running process, the pro cess ma

code (for example, if it is w

in the source le displa

You ma

y nd it helpful to use the

in the source co de. The

stack.

From the tracebac

y area, and the debugger issues a w

tb

ky

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-7

on

aiting for

See \Debugging

debugging

shared

input). In this case, no source le appears

Shared Libraries"

libraries.

y be executing in k

in

ernel

arning message.

tb

and

environment

command displa

ys a tracebac

commands to place y

k of the call/return

ou can nd a frame asso ciated with a procedure in

ou

In

This

Book

the source

as

an

argumen

debug -attach

Attached

Stopped

step

(Warning)

Stepped

tb

`main(7):

`main(6):

`main(5):

`main(4):

`main(3):

`main(2):

`main:

env

`main(3)

Environment:

Stopped

breakpoint

go

code.

Use

t

to

to process

at:

`va(800b8658)

Unable

stepping

to:

read+0010

Stopped

Called from:

Called

Called

Called

Called

Called

at:

read+0010

13

the

frame

the

environment

blo

1189

1189; initializing

to

determine

1

instruction.

(800B8658)

at:

read+0010

from:

from:

from:

from: _start+0068

from:

\\and\main\12

(800B8658)

c

k

qualier,

command.

(800B8658)

statement

(800B8658)

_filbuf+0100

_doscan+0a78

_scanf+0024

\\and\main\12

$START$+0094

(00001DCC)

`main(

F

or

example:

n

)

,

from

the

tracebac

"/home/smith/progs/and".

boundaries;

(800A5CC0)

(80096D2C)

(8007E8F4)

(00001DCC)

(80041D5C)

(0000177C)

(frame

`main(3))

k

If y

ou get

pro

cess,

pro

cess

default

to

resolve

system

$ mount -o nointr[,

Use a command like the follo

a

Permission

it

is

o

v

er

an

intr

this

con

taining

lik

ely

NFS

option.

problem.

the

that

link.

Y

ou

debugger:

denied

you

are running

The

m

ust

Use

a

command

other

wing to moun

error

message

either the

relev

an

t

le

system

moun

t

the

le

lik

e

options]system

t the le system con

when

y

ou

debugger

may

be

system

the

follo

with

wing

:/opt/langtools /tools

target pro cess:

$ mount -o nointr[,

It

is probably easier to create an auxiliary moun

unmount and remoun

tit.

options]system

other

:/test_area

t for the le system than to

2-8 Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program

attac

h

or

mounted

the

to

moun

to

a

running

the

target

with

nointr

t

option

the

taining the

/test

the

le

In

This

Book

2

Stopping

To

terminate

File:Unload

con

Use

allo

tinues

wing

the

to run.

free

the

Restarting

Using

T

the

o

restart the

File

File:Rerun

File:Rerun

en

vironmen

Using

Use

breakp

the

oin

the

restart

restart

ts

and

the

T

arget

the

target

program,

Executable

Use

quit

command

target

the

to detac

program

T

arget

Menu

target program

to

restart

.

.

.

to

restart

t.

Command

command

w

atc

hp

oin

Program

.

When

or select

to

con

Program

from

the

target

the

to

restart

ts.

use

the

h the

tin

the

without

target

the

kill

target

program

File:Quit

debugger

ue

executing.

men

u

c

hanging

with

c

the

target

command

to

terminate

from

bar,

select:

hanges

program

or

select

terminates,

the

the

target

the

run

time

to

the

run

while

the

debugger

debugger.

program

environmen

time

preserving

while

t.

The

restart

target

curren

A

program is

t

program

the original

inappropriate lo

If y

ou do not w

command

debugging

ma

y

not

debug

cations after restarting.

ant to preserv

restarts

loaded, it

the

restarts

curren

the

session.

restart

correctly

command. Breakpoin

e breakpoin

tly

loaded

last

target

if

its

ob

ject

program

le

ts, for example, ma

ts, w

atchpoin

target

program.

that

was

mo

died

yb

ts, and sym

If

ran

in

after

eresetat

bol

information, kill the target program (or let it nish executing) and re-en

debug

command.

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-9

no

the

ter the

In

This

Book

Without options,

same

argumen

y

ou

w

ant

F

or

example, the

program,

restart

ts

to sp

ecify dieren

replacing

-args

Interrupting

When

and

displa

kill,

to

Selecting

the

If

with the

encoun

annotation

PC

the

y

ou

y

ed.)

or

unload

the

debugger.

debugger.

y

ou

in

terrupt

tered

Lo

cation

PC

cannot

Any

4

Interrupt

debug

a

margin

sho

Lo

y

breakp

the

restart

sp

ecied

in

following

previously

-s

a

Running

cation

in

teract

indication

with

commands to

our

program)

5

program

oin

and

the

a

v

alid

will

on,

tat

Program

y

our

options

ws

command

the

previous

targumen

ts

restarts

in

in

the

command restarts

sp

ecied

argumen

Program

is

Running

the

debugger.

the

debugger

will

b

e

queued

ush

an

y

queued

while

it

is

executing

y

ou

can

con

tin

ue

that lo

source

lo

cation

cation.

for

the

and

co

y

ou

v

o

cation.

target

the curren

ts

.

.

.

(A

small

(except

until

commands

w

orking

A

PC

de

is

can

en

the

target

Use the

program

with

,

your

clo

commands

your

co

de

just

arro

w

display

ter

debugger

program

-args

in

v

tly

running

the

argumen

program has

c

k

animation

that

program

and

that

as

app

ed. A

returns

return

w

as compiled

if

y

ou

ears

in

t this

commands.

using

option

o

cation.

target

t

control,

restart,

had

the

poin

-s

is

con

the

if

:

also

con

trol to

t

the

trol

Interrupting

If

you

interrupt

routine,

information, the PC Lo cation ma

display area will be cleared to indicate that

You cannot examine local v

step by assem

You can run the nondebuggable routine un

returns to its calling procedure b

or

while

in System

the program

it is

or Nondebuggable

while it

executing

a

routine

is executing

that

w

Routines

some

as

compiled

system-supplied

y consist of a virtual address. The source le

ariables

no source is a

or step through statemen

vailable.

bly instructions, and examine other procedures on the call stac

y selecting

til it reac

4

Continue Out

hes the poin

5

.Y

2-10 Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program

without

ts. Y

ou can only

t where it

ou can con

debugging

k.

tinue

doing this

breakp

If

other

oin

the

nondebuggable

reason,

until

t

at

y

some

you

our

must

program

later

co

de

kill or

p

oin

is

returns

t

in

debuggable

in

an

innite

rerun the

to

debuggable

lo

op,

program.

co

de.

or will

co

de.

not return

Y

ou

In

could

for some

This

also

Book

set

2

a

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-11

In

This

Book

Examining

When y

displa

An

execution.

Ordinarily

statemen

and delete

in

y

area.

arro

the

annotation

ou

load

w

sym

The

,

the

ts

and

breakpoin

Source

a

target

See

Figure

b

ol

in the

circled

debugger

executes

margin.

Files

program,

2-2

Figure

annotation

B

sym

sets

the

ts b

y

.

b

ol

breakp

program

clic

king

the

source

2-2. Source

margin

designates

oin

ts

up

with

the

le

File

indicates

a

breakp

at

the

to

its

left

is

displa

Displa

y

the

oin

program's

en

try

statemen

mouse

y

ed

curren

t.

entry

button

in

t.

on

the

source

t

p

oin

and exit

Y

ou

a

line

t

of

can

create

n

um

le

b

er

Y

ou

can

searc

h

for text

the

5

5

-

4

S

target

():

.

program

les b

input bo

ou can use the

4

CTRL

If

display other

in the

In addition, y

source le name in double

lename

If y

env "

source

ou mo

ve a source le

unable to nd the source le. It will issue the warning:

strings in

w

as

compiled

y selecting

the source

from a

n

Visit:File()

by

selecting

um

b

er

after en

Visit:Search

of

source

tering the source le name

x.

environment

quotes. F

or example:

command. Y

ou m

"

after compiling the program, the debugger ma

Unable to access

2-12 Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program

or

les,

y

ou

can

ust enclose the

ybe

object

.

command

Also,

the

there

are

follo

wing

Select

to

put

source

File:Add

the

source

will

not

debuggable mo

ma

y

app

ear

Source

le

app

ear

dules within

during

startup:

Directories

in

the

debugger's

if

the

main

the target

or

use

searc

program

program). A

the

h

path.

is not

In

This

property

sdir

debuggable (ev

message

lik

e

Book

2

en if

the

(Warning)

(Warning)

end.o

Notification

will

Executing

Stopped

Ho

w

ev

er,

image

at:

$START$

y

ou

can

view debuggable

Visit:Environment()

command. Sp

double

quotes)

ecify

of

"

the

sour

has

not

been

of

dynamic

be unavailable.

in

process

8981:

(00001894)

modules

,

Visit:File()

c

e

source

lename

le of

"

,

a debuggable

linked

in.

loader

events

"/home/smith/a.out".

by

selecting

or

using

the

environment

whic

h

is

the

leaf

mo

dule.

name

(enclosed

with

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-13

In

This

Book

Executing

The debugger

statemen

The

step

displa

The

implemen

call

routines

In

addition,

from

when

The

debugger

Using

The

4

Step

ts

easiest

or

contin

y

area.

debugger

t

command

or

a

p

opup

y

ou

clic

follo

wing

commands.

Command

follo

wing

5

at

metho

more

for

the

T

arget

can

execute

a

time.

d

for

ue command

commands

complicated

is

particularly

testing

y

ou

can

in

men

u

in

kwith

the righ

sections

Buttons

buttons

Execute

execution.

Program

the

target

stepping

buttons. They

go

,

step

stepping

useful

new

routines

v

ok

e

execution

the

source

t

mouse

give

a

brief

are

lo

cated

one statemen

program

through

,

and

pro

for

in

y

our

commands

le

displa

button.

description

b

elo

w

t,

b

a

target

are

lo

goto

are

cedures.

executing

program.

y

area.

of

the

source

then

stop.

y

stepping

program

cated

useful

The

b

elo

less

when

through

is

to use

w

the

source

y

ou

commonly

user-created debugging

from

the

Execute

The

p

opup

men

the

command

le

displa

This

is

y

called

buttons

area:

single

one

one of

w

an

men

u

t

used

app

or

le

to

uor

ears

and

step

more

the

the

4

Step

4

Continue Out

Over

5

5

Execute

statement.

to

just

o

v

er" the

Execute un

the

b

efore

a

statemen

The

debugger

a

pro

call.

til the curren

pro

until

cedure

to its caller, or un

halts execution) is encoun

accidentally step in

through, or

when y

of nondebuggable code. Eac

program to \pop out" one pro

t,

treating

cedure

the pro

call,

an

y

pro

is

called,

but

cedure returns.

this

has the

t pro cedure completes and returns

til a breakp

oint (or another ev

tered. This is v

to a procedure that y

ou interrupt y

our program in the middle

h

4

Continue Out

cedure lev

cedure

con

eect of

ery useful when y

ou do

5

el.

2-14 Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program

call

as

a

trol

do

es

When the

\stepping

ent that

not w

will cause y

single

not

return

PC

is

ou

ant to step

our

4

Continue

In

This

Book

2

5

Execute

un

execution) is

til a

encoun

breakpoin

tered.

t(or

another ev

en

t

that

halts

When

statemen

Routines

that

using

T

Chapter

Y

were

4

o

pause

ou can

y

ou

Step

t

to

that

not

5

at

3.

mo

select

.

a

dify

Options:User

dialog

b

o

x

is

information.

Using

The

Execution

the

statemen

If

o

ccurs, suc

go

debug

y

ou

the

go

command

b

egins

command,

t

in

en

ter

go

has

one

of

these

b

e

executed.

are

not

debuggable,

compiled

sp

ecic

the

with

p

oin

default

Configurable

displa

y

ed.

Command

b

egins

at

the

the

the

source

without

a

breakp

options,

buttons,

the

-g

t

in

y

our

b

eha

vior

Buttons

See

the

online

or

resumes target

current

curren

co

p

t

de.

execution

oin

t,

program

suc

has

option,

program,

of

oin

t

p

oin

t

the

PC

system library

will

see \Setting

these

buttons

.

The

User

help

for

program

of

execution.

of

execution

con

tin

signal,

or

arro

w

mo

v

es

to

the

routines and

b

e

stepp

ed

o

v

er

Breakpoin

b

y

selecting

Configurable Buttons

this dialog

bo

x

for

execution.

If

y

ou

ha

v

e

just

is

the rst

ues

un

program

til

a

program

exit.

executable

ev

next

en

when

ts"

more

en

ev

routines

in

tered

ent

If

you

w

an

t

program

the

-until

go -until

executes

freestack

the

option.

freestack

target

is reac

go -until 110

executes the target

execution

F

or example,

program

un

to

til

o

ccur

the

en

up

to

try

statemen

a

certain

program

t for

the

lo

cation,

routine

use

hed and

program un

til line 110 of the source code is reac

hed.

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-15

In

This

Book

Using

The

statemen

(for

source co

If

instruction.

when

the

Ho

through

from

If

to

without

If

adv

The

the

step

Command

step

example,

you

specify

the

same

w

ev

er,

command

tat

a

step

de statemen

step

The

curren

line

or

y

ou

m

assem

adv

time.

If

5

),

ts.

-instruction

PC

lo

t

p

oin

at an

ust

in

v

bly

instructions.

y

it

cation

t

of

instruction

oke

Show:Assembly Instructions

the curren

the

y

ou

ance

step

rst

executable

stepping

acciden

execution

command

t

p

tally

oin

t

in

of

to

step

to

execution

statemen

a

the

also

complete.

ances target

ou

supply

will

adv

ance

,

arro

w

execution is

the Assem

In

v

is

t

in the

routine,

in

to

use

a

routine,

statemen

has

a

-return

program execution

a

n

umeric

execution

execution

c

hanges

either at

b

ey

ond

adv

to

the

argumen

b

a

another

statemen

bly Instructions

ok

e

the

Assem

.

a

routine

call,

called routine.

step

-over

.

use

the

go

t

follo

wing

the

option,

but

t

ythe

ances

one

brok

en

t's

dialog

bly

Instructions

step

adv

T

-return

routine

it

tak

one source

to

the

step

specied

assem

v

arian

tto

source

rst

instruction.

b

o

x

statemen

ances

o

adv

ance

command to

call.

es

m

uc

code

command

num

ber

bly

indicate

to

see

stepping

dialog

execution

execution

h

longer

of

t

on

b

o

x

to

By default,

If

y

ou

of

sym

Execution:Enable Images/Libraries

Alternatively

library

the

w

an

tto

b

ol

information

as an

step

step in

,

use

the

argument

command do

to system

from

property

if y

the

ou w

or library

Dynamic

libraries

ant

es

not

to step

step

calls,

Images

to

in

in

in

to

system

y

ou

dialog

v

ok

e

it.

command

to

system

can

enable

b

with

or

or

library

o

x.

Select

the

library

calls.

the

loading

appropriate

calls.

See \Debugging Shared Libraries" in Chapter 8 for information ab out

debugging shared libraries.

2-16 Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program

Using

A

n

um

mouse

app

ears.

F

or

example,

1.

Scroll to

2.

P

osition

3.

In

v

it

the

b

er of

button in

ok

e

the

will

execute

Mouse

execution commands

the

source

y

ou

can:

a particular

the

cursor

Continue

the

target up

line

on

Until

le

n

the

are a

vailable

displa

y

area.

um

b

er

in

the

line.

command from

to

that

line

The

source

the

in

the

b

y

holding

Source

le.

Source

co

de.

do

wn

Actions

Actions

the

In

p

opup

men

This

righ

u

t

men

and

Book

2

u

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-17

In

This

Book

Looking

Select

The

1.

Show:Stack

Stac

k

Arro

w

or

to

the

the

source le

source

at

the

View

buttons

b

ottom

le

displa

Call/Return

to

displa

Figure

dialog

to

mo

of

display

y

area.)

bo

x, sho

v

e

the

area. (Y

y

to

stac

the

2-3.

the

k.

Stac

wn

top

The

ou

Stack

k

View

Stack View

in

Figure

of

the stac

asso

ciated

can

also

dialog

Dialog

2-3

,

k, up

use

b

o

Bo

con

tains:

source

the

arro

x.

x

one

co

lev

de

w

el,

do

is

displa

buttons

wn

ab

one

yed

o

lev

el,

in

v

e

the

2.

A

scrollable

the

list, the

listing

of

associated

the

call/return

source co

de is

stac

displa

k.

When

y

ed

in

y

the

ou

source

clic

area.

3. A button that in

limit stac

k depth globally and to

4. An input b o

5. A toggle button to displa

call/return stac

vokes the Stac

x

that allo

k.

k Options dialog bo

modify stac

knumbering beha

ws you the limit the stac

y or hide parameters for eac

x, whic

k depth displa

hen

6. A toggle button to control when the display is up dated.

2-18 Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program

k

on

an item

le

displa

hallowsy

vior.

yed.

try in the

in

y

ou to

Using

Use

the

debugger

The

tb

`main

(

n

follo

wing

to

line

33

tb

`main(4):

`main(3):

`main(2):

`main:

the

tb

Command

tb

command

output area.

command

),

where

example

of

the

to displa

n

um

b

ers

eac

n

increases

illustrates this

sample

Stopped

Called

program

at:

from:

Called from:

Called

from:

ya

traceback

h

frame

in

the

direction

notation whic

average

in

the

:

of the

stac

of

the

hw

call/return

k

using

most recen

as

displa

\\average\print_average\33

\\average\main\44

(0000203C)

_start+0068 (80041D9C)

$START$+0094

(0000192C)

the

y

stac

k

notation

t frame.

ed

after

In

This

in

the

The

stepping

Book

2

Using

T

en

caller

After

data

T

T

displa

the

o

mo

v

eup

ter

the

environment

of

the

environment

y

ou

en

lo

cal

to

o

mo

v

e

do

environment

o

return

yed,

to

en

environment

and

do

curren

t

`env(-1)

ter

the

the

routine

wn

the

stac

`env(+1)

the

curren

ter

the

environment `run

For details on the

in Chapter 7. F

`env

or a description of the HP/DDE

\Understanding Blo c

wn

the

command.

routine,

preceding

sho

k,

en

t

p

oin

follo

wing

and

ks and En

Command

call/return

as

sho

command,

wn

in

ter

the

tof

stac

k

to

view

Use

the

notation

wn

in

the

follo

y

ou

can

the

source

following

le

command:

execution, regardless

command:

`run

notation, see \F

vironments" in Chapter 7.

the

asso

ciated

`env(-1)

wing

example:

easily

examine

displa

y area.

of the

rame Blo c

k Qualied Names"

concept of en

source

to

represen

the

program

source curren

vironment, see

t

co

de,

the

tly

Compiling, Loading, and Executing the Target Program 2-19

3

Using

Monitors

Traces,

This c

hapter

in

tercepts

Using

Setting

Setting

Setting

Setting

F

or

see

the online

command

b

o

x.

The

graphical

more

online

to

Monitors

Breakp

Watc

T

In

information

b

user

and

describ

monitor

hpoin

races

tercepts

command

y

en

tering

help

also

in

terface.

(Breakpoints,

Intercepts)

es

the

use

and

con

oin

ts

ts

on

the

debugger

reference.

help

command

con

tains

of

trol

more

breakp

target

oin

program

commands

Y

ou

can

name

information

ts,

also

in

w

atc

the

on

W

atchpoints,

hp

oin

ts,

traces,

execution.

men

tioned

in

v

ok

e

help

debugger

using the

and

T

opics include:

in

this

c

hapter

on

a

particular

command

debugger's

3

input

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-1

In

This

Book

Using

Monitors are

tracing

in

tercepting program

A

rep

y

A

v

sp

instruction,

A

con

in

en

An

signals

program's

dialog

the

Monitors

program

breakp

orts

the

ou en

ter another

w

atc

hp

alue

of

ecify

whether

trace susp

tin

ues

eect

try

or

in

tercept

from

b

ox

a

v

ailable

useful

oin

t

curren

oin

t

the

v

ariable

or

ends

executing

at

ev

exit

p

monitors

the

address

(inv

in

for

stopping

execution,

stops

t

for

even

ts. The

execution

target

program execution

monitors

a

only

w

or

atc

at

a

address

hp

oin

routine

execution,

the

target

ery

oin

source

ts.

statemen

selected

op

erating

space,

ok

ed

tercepts

and

from

and

program

w

atc

debugger pro

at

a

program

selected

range

tis

in eect

en

try

rep

orts

program. Y

t,

programming ev

system,

the

execution

hing

v

ariables

sp

ecied

lo

cation.

command,

v

ariable

only

or

when

at ev

or

exit

the

curren

ou can

at

ev

ery

the

loading

termination

at

sp

for

ac

vides

these

source

co

Execution

suc

h

address

that

ery

source

p

oin

ts.

t

program

sp

ecify

instruction,

en

ts

suc

or

remo

of

the

program.

ecic

hange in

t

de

statemen

is resumed

as

go

range

value

statemen

lo

whether

or

h

as

v

al

Execution:Signals/Intercepts

their

curren

t status.

statemen

yp

es

or

and

c

hanges.

cation,

only at

the

of

an image

)

con

value,

of

monitors:

t,

then

only when

step

.

rep

orts

t,

at

then

a

trace

routine

reception

The

In

tains

ts,

for

and for

the

Y

ou

can

ev

ery

is

of

from

tercepts

a

list

a

of

The

mo

debugger

dify

monitors

pro

vides

as

a

sev

eral general

group.

These

commands that

include:

allow

you

to

view

list monitors

delete

suspend

activate

For more information on these commands and their

monitors

monitors

monitors

options, see the debugger's

online command reference.

In addition, the debugger pro

controlling eac

ht

ype of monitor. The follo

view, and modify breakpoin

vides commands, men

wing sections describe ho

ts, traces, w

atchpoin

us, and dialog b o

ts, and in

tercepts.

xes for

w to set,

3-2 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

and

In

This

Book

Setting

Set breakp

When

n

The

y

um

b

target

ou ha

a

er

ve

breakp

in

debugger

execute.

Using

P

follo

erhaps

ws:

Clic

k

the

the

the

circled

Click

the

breakp

Clic

breakp

Clic

slash

k

the

k

the

in the

oin

oin

Breakpoints

oin

ts

on

lines

oin

t

is

set,

the

annotation

program

set a

output

breakp

area

stops

oin

displa

Mouse

left

B

breakp

left

t.

middle

t

middle

easiest

sym

mouse

mouse

The

b

metho

oin

t

breakp

mouse

ol

is

mouse

button

sym

button

breakpoin

in

y

our

a

circled

margin.

just

t.

Eac

ys

d

for

b

ol

oin

t

button

redispla

button

t sym

bol

co

de

where

B

sym

prior

to

the

h

time

execution

the

line

n

um

manipulating

on

a

line n

app

ears.

on

a

breakp

sym

bol

disapp

on

a breakp

y

ed

with

on

a

susp

disapp

ears.

y

ou

b

ol

sym

execution

b

er

breakp

umb

er

oin

t

ears.

oin

a

slash

ended

w

an

b

ol

stops

of

the

to

set

sym

b

t

sym

through

breakp

t

execution

app

ears

of

the statemen

at

a

breakp

next

statemen

oin

ts

is

a

new

ol

to

delete

b

ol

to

it.

oin

next to

to

use

breakp

susp

t

to

to

stop.

oin

the

an

existing

end

activ

the line

ton

t,

the

t

that

mouse

oin

t.

it.

ate

which

will

The

The

it.

3

as

The

Press

Breakp

attributes

Using

The

breakpoint

5

4

Shift

oin

t

for breakp

the

breakpoint

and

clic

k

the

Set/Change

oints.

command

left

mouse

dialog

b

o

Command

allows greater exibility than the mouse in both

setting and in customizing breakpoin

that exibilit

y. See the online command

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-3

x.

button

The

on

dialog

a

b

line n

o

x

allo

umb

ws

er to

y

ou

in

v

to set

ok

e

various

the

ts. The following sections indicate some of

reference for more information.

In

This

Book

Specifying Locations

T

oset

a

breakp

command.

F

or

oin

t

example,

at

a

sp

ecic

program

lo

cation,

en

ter

the

breakpoint

breakpoint

breakpoint

Specifying

If

y

ou

w

an

encoun

ters

breakpoint

In

this

example,

area,

then

the

breakp

b

eing

rep

orted

is

prin

ted.

Breaking

If y

with

name

shown

ou w

a

or

at

an

single

le

in

the

sum

16

Actions

t

a

sp

ecic

a

breakp

43

the

issues

oin

the

t

at

in

Blocks or

t

to

set

breakpoint

name.

follo

wing

Sets a

pro

Sets

le.

action to

oin

t,

-do

debugger

go

line 43.

the

debugger

Routines

breakp

File

example:

breakpoin

cedure

a

breakp

use

the

[print

command

The

oin

ts

command.

names

tat

sum

.

oin

t

occur

-do

tmp;

prin

ts

whenev

-silent

output

at

ev

ery

m

ust

b

the rst

at

the

executable

statemen

t

automatically when

option.

go]

the

area;

Use the

e

F

-silent

v

ariable

er

the

option

only

routine

-in

enclosed

or

example,

tmp

target

prev

the

in

a

option

in

in

en

ts

v

blo

double

statemen

on line

the

the

debugger

program

the

breakp

alue

of the

c

k

or

to sp

quotation

16 of

target

encoun

v

le,

y

ou

ecify the

t

in

the

the source

program

output

ters

oin

t

from

ariable

can

do so

blo

marks, as

tmp

c

k

breakpoint -in

For

detailed information

regarding

sp

ecifying

"iface.c"

on

ho

lo

cations

w

to

-do

to

sp

the

debugger.

[args;

ecify

blo

go]

c

ks

and

les,

see the

online help

Setting Breakpoints in Alternate Source Files

When a target program is compiled from m

Display windo

You can use the en

w displa

ys the le that

vironment command with a

display another source le in the Source File Displa y area. Then y

ultiple source les, the Source

contains the curren

"

lename"argumentto

t p oin

t of execution.

ou can set

breakpoints using one of the metho ds describ ed in this section.

3-4 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

In

This

Book

Using Breakpoints

The

breakpoint

lo

ops

in

co

de.

The

with

the

breakpoin

This

lets

y

ou

con

in

terrupts

Also

the

following

(Warning)

to

Although the

lo

ops

setting

Using

A

v

ariet

including

the

Break

en

tered

note

more

con

breakp

the

y

in

target

that

tain

Break

of

supp

men

the

if

warning

Due

than

code

m

ultiple

oin

breakp

ort

u

(

When Debugging

command

-after

tm

trol

ho

program

y

ou

try

to

one

may

option

c

ount

ust execute

w

man

execution.

to

set

may

be

optimization,

location

not

b

e

fragmen

ts

in

optimized

Menu

oin

t

commands

for

allo

):

setting

w

y

input

ou

b

breakpoin

to

o

x.

Loops

-after

option

count

y

iterations

a

breakpoin

displa

y

optimized,

ts. Y

ou will

co

de

are

set

a

breakp

sp

times

ed:

address

describ

a

v

ailable

ts

c

ount

is

ecies that

b

efore

of

the

lo

tat

the b

lines

at

need

to

ed

in

from

in

C++

oint

asso

useful

for

the statemen

execution

op

o

ccur

eginning

resolved

the

b

eginning

follo

w

the

the

online

the

Break

programs.

ciated

with

debugging

tasso

is

in

terrupted.

b

efore

the

or

end

and

instructions

help.

men

Man

y

en

an

expression

large

ciated

debugger

of

a

lo

end

of

u,

tries

3

op,

on

on

An

easy

highligh

left

t expressions

mouse

expression

w

a

y

to

en

ter

tok

ens

in

the

(

):

input

b

o

xis

button

app

ears

in the

depressed.

in

the

(

source

When

):

input

displa

y

ou release

b

o

x.

y

.

Highligh

t

b

the left

to use

the

mouse

y

dragging

mouse button,

with

to

the

the

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-5

In

This

Book

As

Figure

the

dashed

windo

ha

ving

your

Using

3-1

line at

w.

The

to

redispla

workspace.

the

Breakpoint

The Breakpoin

breakpoin

t. In

sho

ws,

the

the top

men

u

p

ersists

y

it.

Y

ou

t Set/Change

vokeitb

y selecting

Figure

Break

of the

Set/Change

3-1.

men

Break

so

that

can

also

dialog b o

The

u

y

mo

is

ou

Break

a

men

can in

v

e

T

ear-o

u,

the

Menu

the

vok

men

Dialog Bo

x allows y

ou to specify all aspects of a

Breakpoint:Set

Men

u.

When

men

u

is

displa

e commands

u

to

a

conv

enient

x

. The dialog bo

y

y

from

ou

ed

in

it

place in

x sho

Figure 3-2 appears.

3-6 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

clic

k

its

without

wn

on

o

wn

in

In

This

Book

3

Figure 3-2. The Breakpoint Set/Change Dialog Bo

x

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-7

In

This

From

the Breakp

1.

Select

The

c

hanges

appropriate

2.

Con

trol

3.

T

emporarily

Book

the

area

oin

t

yp

e

directly

to reect

information

whether

disable or

t

Set/Change

of

breakp

under

oin

the

the information

for

or

not

messages

re-activate

dialog

t.

Select

the

selected

b

o

x,

Breakpoint

needed b

breakp

app

ear

breakpoin

y

ou

ythe

when

ts.

can:

Type

breakp

oin

t

t

yp

a

breakpoin

radio

oin

e.

buttons

t

t

yp

tis

hit.

e.

En

ter

the

4. Stop

5.

6.

7.

execution

n

um

b

er

of

Set

lo

cation

Sp

ecify

debugger

Set breakp

only

times.

mapping

oints

after

for

commands

on

sp

ecied

the

the

breakp

breakp

to

execute

threads

application.

T

o

see

a

listing

Setting

Use

watc

hpoin

\Examining

V

alues

are

debugger

When

to

you

monitor,

of

breakp

W

atchpoints

ts to

monitor

Registers"

displa

y

ed

output area.

create

and

a

a

w

gran

in

atc

ularit

oin

in

Chapter

the

hp

oin

ts, select

the

v

alue

Data

W

t,

y

ou

y

.

The

should be reported: on procedure en

and

exit,

at ev

ery statement, at ev

program stops and returns con

ery mac

trol to the debugger.

oin

t

oin

t

when

when

Break:Show

of

a

v

4

for

information

atc

hp

oin

sp

ecify

gran

ularit

try,on

hine instruction, or whenev

has

b

een

reac

hed

a

sp

ecied

when

debugging

a

breakp

debugging

optimized

oin

t

is

a

m

ulti-threaded

hit.

co

de.

.

ariable

t

the

or

dialog

expression

y

species

memory

on

monitoring registers.)

bo

xas

ho

well

or

w

often

range.

as

in

address

the

(See

the

range

v

alue

procedure exit, on procedure en

er the

try

The default gran

target program itself stops and returns con

needed to monitor

or statemen

ularity is to stop and report v

av

ariable more closely

t-level gran

ularity.A

t instruction-level gran

alue c

hanges only when the

trol to the debugger. If y

,y

ou could specify a instruction-

ularity, for example,

ou

3-8 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

the v

alue of

Execution

F

or

p

erformance

p

ossible.

For

expression

it

after

ev

ery

using

a

granularit

do

wn

to

one

(suc

h

as

instruction

en

tering

the

Set/Change

a

v

ariable

of

the

example, if

eac

h

time

assem

pro

cedure.

pro

cedure

dialog

target

purp

bly

yof

or

b

o

is

c

hec

program

oses,

y

ou

you

y

ou

en

ter

instruction.

procedure

Once

statemen

name

x.

k

ed

after

stops

should

only need

a

pro

cedure,

T

en

try/exit

the

problem

t)

but

in

the

When

ev

ery

when

set

the

to

kno

ypically

is

limit

In

assem

the

v

granularit

w

the

there

y

ou

to

narro

lo

calized,

it

to

input

bly

instruction

alue

c

hanges.

yas

v

alue

of

is

no

sense

would

locate

w

the

source

use

a

a particular

b

o

x

in

the

In

executes.

coarsely as

the

monitored

in

monitoring

a problem

of

the

ner

gran

procedure

Data

W

atc

This

Book

b

problem

ularit

b

y

hp

oin

3

y

y

t

Viewing

The

follo

When

is

Figure

y

displa

3-3

wing

ou

y

ed

and

set

(y

.

sections

a

ou

Modifying

describ

w

atc

hp

oin

can

also

W

atchpoints

e

some of

t

b

y

an

in

v

ok

e

it

the metho

y metho

b

y

selecting

d, the

Data W

Watch:Values

ds

for

setting

atc

hp

w

atc

oin

ts

dialog

Display

hp

oin

).

ts.

b

o

See

x

Figure 3-3. The Data Watchpoints Dialog Box

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-9

In

This

Book

The Data

w

atc

displa

Eac

h

data

w

atc

Select

Individual

hidden

Show

Comp

the

displa

by

selecting

ob

ject,

T

o

mo

Watchpoints

attributes

T

o

c

Watchpoints

b

y

selecting

windo

men

u

Watc

hp

oin

t

y

itself.

watc

hpoin

displa

y

hp

oin

ts

the

button again

elements

b

y

selecting

All

Hidden

ound

y

,

or

c

dify

the

of

hange

the

w,

or

selections.

ho

hp

and

it

t displa

highligh

can

b

ob

jects

either

it

and

ose

watc

dialog

the

Active

dialog b

the

4

b

y

c

ho

oin

ts

allo

ts

e

hidden

in a

them

Values

(suc

b

y

c

ho

4

Selected

hp

b

w

atc

Activate

osing

dialog

ws

ys the

when

h

double-clic

osing

oin

o

x

hp

/

Suspend

ox.

All

y

ou

b

y

(which

watc

and

to

redispla

as

arrays

4

Selected

5

Expand

-

>

t,

c

ho

is

displa

oin

t.

Y

ou

5

or

the

Watch:

b

to

v

the

selecting the

hpoin

selecting

can

4

o

x

sho

ws

manipulate b

ariables

is no

king

ose

status

Susp

or

data

b

eing

5

w

4

7

t

(suc

h

4

Selected

y

them.

or structures)

the

5

Collapse

-

>

,

to

displa

4

W

atchp

y

ed,

allo

of

also

activ

5

end

All

Suspend

detailed

oth the

memory

w

atc

5

button

4

9

)

to redispla

as

some

-

>

b

eginning

ythe

5

oint

-

>

wing

y

ou to

a

w

atc

hp

ate

or

buttons

ALL

information

watc

area

it

hed

is

mo

next

y the

elemen

5

Hide

.

can b

e

collapsed

of

the

.

Double-clic

entire

Change

or

oin

susp

in

the

Watch:

mo

t,

.

dify

use

end

Data

on

eac

hpoin

ts

is

attac

died.

to

the

watc

hp

ts

in

an

Select

The

4

W

compound

k

the

ob

ject.

Data

all

editable

the

Data

all

w

atc

Watchpoints

Activate

h

and

the

hed

to.

Complete

w

atc

hp

oin

t.

arra

y)

can

atchp

oint

to

simplify

ob ject,

collapsed

hp

oin

ts

ALL

The

oin

-

>

t.

b

e

5

or

Use

4

W

atchp

Using

The

4

Watch()

4

Watch*()

An easy w

highlight expressions in the source display. Highlightby dragging with the

3-10 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

Command

follo

wing

5

5

ay

5

oint

Delete

-

>

buttons

Set a w

the w

Set a

in the

debugger stops.

to en

ter tokens in the

to

eliminate

Buttons

are lo

cated

atchpoin

atchpoin

watchpoint on the location poin

():

t on the con

t whenev

input bo

a

w

atc

hp

oin

b

elo

w

the

source

tents of the

er the debugger stops.

x. Chec

():

k the w

input bo

t.

le

displa

y

area:

():

input bo

ted to b

atchpoin

x is to use the mouse to

ythepoin

t whenev

x. Chec

er

ter

the

k

In

This

Book

left mouse

expression

Use

Options:User

the

command

Using

A

en

the

v

ariet

y

tries on

expression

As Figure

the

dashed

windo

w.

ha

ving

to

y

our w

orkspace.

button depressed.

app

ears

in

the

Configurable

buttons.

W

atch

Menu

of

w

atc

hp

oin

t

the

Watch

en

tered

3-4

sho

line

The

men

redispla

in

ws,

at the

u

y

it.

men

the

the

top of

p

ersists

Y

When

(

):

input

commands

u

allo

w

y

(

):

input

Watch

ou

the

so

can

men

Watch

that

also

y

ou

b

o

x.

Buttons

are

av

ou

to

set

b

o

x.

u

is

a

menu,

y

ou can

mo

v

e

release

to

mo

the

dify

ailable from

a

w

atc

T

ear-o

the

inv

oke

the

men

left

hp

Men

men

the

the

oin

mouse

t

u.

u

default

Watch

asso

When

is

displa

button,

ciated

commands from

u

to

a

con

venien

b

eha

men

y

ou

y

ed

t place

the

vior of

u.

with

clic

in

its

it

without

Man

an

k

on

in

o

3

y

wn

Figure 3-4. The W

atch Menu

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-11

In

This

Book

Using

The

Data

asp

ects of

Figure

the

3-5

Data

W

a

app

atc

w

hpoin

atc

ears.

W

atchpoint

t Set/Change

hp

oin

t.

In

Set/Change Dialog

dialog b

v

ok

e

it

b

y

selecting

ox

allo

Watch:Set

ws

y

Box

ou

to

.

sp

The

ecify

dialog b

all

ox

in

Figure 3-5. The Data W

From the Data W

1. Select the t

The area under the

atchpoin

ype of w

t Set/Change dialog bo

atchpoin

Select Watchpoint Type

to reect the information needed b

appropriate information for the selected w

atchpoint Set/Change Dialog Bo

x, y

ou can:

t.

radio buttons c

y the w

atc

hpoin

atchpoin

ttype. En

tt

ype.

x

hanges

ter the

3-12 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

Note that

address

2.

Select

The

target

If

c

ho

gran

Y

ou

In

memb

3.

Con

4.

T

emp

5.

Sp

the

6.

Sp

the

default,

program

y

ou

w

ose

ularit

can

C++

ers should

trol

orarily

ecify

v

alue

ecify

you

use

of

the

v

ariable

granularit

Every Stop

execution

an

t

target

Statement

y

can slo

also

restrict

programs,

whether

disable

the

format

as

it

is

debugger

the

4

Print (

var

y(ho

, causes

program

gran

ularit

wdo

wn

a

w

atc

y

ou

can

be

included.

or

not

messages

or

re-activ

in

whic

declared.

commands

5

button

)

.

w often

stops

for

execution

y

.

Be

p

erformance

hpoin

sp

ecify

ate

h

the

to

execute when

on the

the v

alue

the debugger

some

ev

to

stop

a

ware,

how

of

the

t

to

b

e

activ

ho

w

man

appear

w

v

alue

atc

hp

is

displa

when a

oin

expression

is

c

hec

to c

en

t

lik

whenev

ever,

target

e

only

y

lev

w

ts.

y

ed.

a

w

k

ed).

hec

k

v

alues

e

a

breakp

er

the

that

Statement

program.

in

a

els

of

inherited

atc

hp

oin

The default

atc

hp

oin

&

var

sp

ecied

t

t

is

oin

v

alue

is

to

only

t.

hit.

hit.

In

nd

data

is

c

blo

to

This

Book

the

when

hanges,

c

k.

displa

3

y

T

o

see

a

Using

The

follo

w

atc

hp

chec

ks the

program

watchpoint

listing of

the

w

wing

oin

t

is

value

execution

watc

hp

atchpoint

command

in

eect

at

of

idx

if

the

idx

oin

ts,

select

Command

sets

a

w

ev

ery

statemen

after

eac

v

alue of

atc

hp

h

program

idx

Watch:Show

oint

on the

t

in

the

statemen

c

hanges.

.

variable

program;

t

executes,

idx

.

that is,

By

and

The initial value of \\test\print_msg\idx is 0

go

The value of \\test\print_msg\idx has changed from 0 to 9.

Stopped at: \\test\print_msg\28

See

Monitoring

monitoring addresses with the

Memory Ranges

in the online help for information on

watchpoint

command.

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-13

default,

the

the debugger

it

stops

In

This

Book

Setting

Traces

for

are

example,

statemen

By

default,

debugger

that

execute

Sev

eral

lev

A

t

ev

ery pro

A

t

ev

ery

A

t the

Ev

ery

Ev

ery

T

races

can

narro

w

traces

an

explanation

T

races

on pro

debugger

run

faster,

Traces

useful

y

ou

ts are

executed.

setting a

output

debugger

els

of

cedure

pro

cedure

entry

and

statemen

assem

bly

also

to

of

cedure

to

execute.

but

target

for

monitoring

can

see

trace will

area.

trace

gran

en

exit

exit

t

instruction

b

e

restricted

a

particular

bloc

ks.

en

Eliminating

program

when

a

display

Ho

w

ev

er,

commands.

ularit

y

try

of

ev

ery

to

certain

le,

try

or

exit

execution

the

o

w

particular

ev

y

ou

can

are

a

v

ailable:

pro

cedure

blo

C

function

can

tak

en

try/exit

of

a

function

ery

also

c

ks.

e

a

ma

y

program.

is called

statemen

set

traces

The

debugger allo

or

C++

signican

gran

ularit

b

e

m

uc

After

t,

as

that

ob

ject.

t

amoun

y

causes the

h

slo

w

setting

or when

it

is

stop

See

t

er.

a

certain

executed,

execution

ws

y

ou

Chapter

of

time

debugger to

trace,

in

to

7

for

the

or

for

the

3-14 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

In

This

Book

3

Using

A

variet

the Trace

y

appropriate

As

Figure

the

dashed

windo

w. The

ha

ving

to

your w

orkspace.

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-15

of

trace

option

3-6 sho

line

at

men

redispla

Menu

commands

under

ws, the

the

u

y

p

ersists

it.

top

Y

Trace

ou

Figure

are

3-6.

a

v

ailable

Trace:Trace

men

uis

of

the

Trace

so

that

y

ou

can also

mo

The

Every

menu,

v

Trace

from

a

T

can

e

the

Menu

the

to

enable tracing.

ear-o

Men

the men

in

v

oke

commands from

men

u

Trace

u.

uis

to

a

men

When

display

con

u.

v

enien

Cho

y

ou

clic

ed

in

it without

t place

ose

its

k

the

on

o

in

wn

In

This

Book

Using

The

Inv

F

1.

2. Restrict

3.

4. Con

5. T

the

Trace

T

race

Set/Change

oke

it

b

y

selecting

rom

the

T

race

Select the

gran

a trace

Sp

ecify

ho

w

C++

programs).

trol whether or not messages appear when a trace occurs.

emporarily disable or

Figure

Set/Change

ularit

man

3-7.

The

Set/Change

dialog

b

Trace:Set

dialog

y

(ho

w

to b

eactiv

ylev

els

e only

of

inherited

re-activate traces.

Trace

o

x

.

often

Set/Change

Dialog

allo

ws

The

dialog

b

o

x,

the

in a

Bo

y

ou

y

ou

trace

sp

data

x

to

b

o

can:

is

ecied

mem

Dialog

sp

ecify all

x

in

Figure

triggered).

blo

c

k.

b

ers

should

Bo

x

aspects

3-7

b

e

of a

app

ears.

included

6. Stop target program execution when a trace occurs.

7. Sp ecify debugger commands to execute when a trace o

To see a listing of traces, select

Trace:Show

.

ccurs.

3-16 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

trace.

(for

In

This

Book

Using

The

follo

sample

trace

go

Trace at:

Trace

Trace

.

.

.

Trace

Break

Trace

In

addition,

Displa

routine

Stop

Suppress

the

trace

wing

example

program

at:

at:

at:

at:

at:

y

ou

y

only

exit

p

execution

the

Command

shows

average

:

the result

of in

voking

\\average\print_average\25

\\average\print_average\30

\\average\sum\12

\\average\print_average\35

\\average\main\46

\\average\main\46

can

use

the

selected

oin

ts

as

follo

display

statemen

they

wing

eac

of trace

trace

execute

command

ts, instructions,

h

trace

ev

en

lo

cations

t

to:

default

routine

tracing

en

try

p

oin

on

ts,

the

3

and

Execute

See

and

a

the

its

command

online

options.

command

list

after

reference

eac

h

for

trace

more

ev

ent

information on

the

trace

command

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-17

In

This

Book

Setting

Intercepts

example,

message

b

efore

the

By

default,

susp

ends,

and

exit

throw

Using

The

b

app

F

1.

In

y

selecting

ears.

rom

the

View

This

ev

the

tercepts

list

monitor

The

monitor

App

endix

Intercepts

are

lik

e

when

a

is displa

signal

the

debugger

in

tercepts

even

ts. In

en

ts.

Intercepts

dialog

breakp

signal

yed

is

oin

ts

that

ev

en

t

o

ccurs,

indicating whic

deliv

ered

to

sets

in

on

image

C++

loading

programs,

Dialog

b

o

x

allo

ws

are

h signal

the

target

tercepts

y

Bo

x

y

ou to

Execution:Signals/Intercepts

In

the

tercepts

curren

sho

n

um

C

ws

b

for

er

n

umb

dialog

t

status

all

and

more

b

of

the

attributes of

the

er do

es

information

o

n

x,

all a

um

not

y

ou

v

ailable

b

er

corresp

of

set

target

and

ou

can:

eac

times

on

on

signals

program execution

w

as

generated.

program.

all

HP-UX

signals.

unloading,

can

also

set

in

view and

in

h

ond

signal

mo

.

The

tercepts.

in

tercept,

the in

to

the

num

dify

dialog

tercept has

HP-UX

bers.

and

other

ev

stops, and

Execution

It

also

certain thread

tercepts

and

in

tercepts.

b

o

x

also

on

in

sho

b

een

signal

en

ts.

sets,

even

catch

In

Figure

ws

the

receiv

n

um

F

or

a

stops

then

ts,

and

v

ok

3-8

ed.

b

er.

e

it

See

2.

T

emp

3.

Control

4.

T

5.

Sp

emp

ecify

orarily

orarily

disable

whether or

disable

ho

w

man

or

re-activ

not messages

or

re-activate

y

times

an

ate

selected

app

ear

all in

in

tercept should

in

tercepts.

when

tercepts.

b

e

an

in

ignored

tercept

b

o

efore

ccurs.

the

debugger

handles it.

6. Sp ecify debugger commands to execute when an in

tercept o ccurs.

3-18 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

In

This

Book

3

Figure 3-8. The Intercepts Dialog Bo

x

Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts) 3-19

In

This

Book

Using

Y

ou

can

In

addition,

list

eac

h

activate

suspend

delete

See

the

the

intercept

use

the

intercept

y

ou can

intercepts

in

tercept.

intercepts

intercepts

intercepts

online

command reference

Command

use:

to

sho

w

to

to

susp

to

remo

command to

all

in

tercept

restore susp

end

activ

v

e

in

tercepts.

for more

create and

requests

ended

e

in

in

tercepts.

tercepts.

information on

control

and

in

tercepts.

the

monitor

these commands.

n

um

b

er

for

3-20 Using Monitors (Breakpoints, Watchpoints, Traces, and Intercepts)

4

Viewing

Data

This

c

hapter

program

data. T

Examining v

Examinging

F

or

more

information

see

the

online

command

b

o

x.

The

graphical

online

b

y

help

user

and

describ

Manipulating

es

opics include:

ariables and

registers

on

command

en

tering

help

also con

in

terface.

ho

w

to

examine

expressions

the debugger

reference.

c

ommand

tains

more

T

and

c

hange

commands men

Y

ou

can

also

name

in

information

arget

v

arious

in

v

ok

e

the

debugger

on

using

Program

t

yp

es

tioned

help

in

on a

this

command

the

debugger's

of

target

c

hapter

particular

input

4

Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data 4-1

In

This

Book

Examining

Variables

the

lo

cation follo

in

the

y

ou

pro

cedure y

If

y

ou w

curren

in

the

in

the

function

T

o

ev

the

the

Finally

syn

tax

The

arro

execution is

instruction

to

an

the

function).

are

Current

en

vironmen

are

single-stepping

ou are

ant

to

t

call

stac

curren

Stac

k

in

the

aluate

function

curren

PC

w

assignmen

result

t

,

y

ou can

(see

arro

c

hanges

in

lo

Chapter

w

either

b

of

V

ariables

ev

aluated

Location:

ws the

t

View

name

cation to

ey

an

PC (program

t

where

stepping through.

ev

aluate

k,

use

the

lo

cation

dialog

call

stac

the

scop

in

the

alw

a

ys

7).

p

oin

ts

to

to

a

brok

at

another

ond the

t

statemen

assignmen

and

in

the

scop

line

ab

o

y

our

program

through

a

v

line.

bo

k.

e

of

(

that

sp

This

the

en

statement's

ariable

5

and

4

8

(Or c

x.) This

a

function

):

input

function.

ecify

the

syn

line that

v

arian

source

t,

the

t

statemen

y

Expressions

e

of

the

curren

v

e

the

source

counter)

our

in

5

4

9

hoose

sets the

b

v

ariable

tax

t

to

rst instruction.)

assignmen

t,

lo

is

executing.

source,

the

scop

buttons

Show:Stack

that

is

o

x

and

fully

o

v

errides

will

b

e

indicate

statemen

t

step

past

cation,

the

e

curren

c

executed

has

t

lo

cation,

le displa

so

curren

of

another

next

to

and

t

lo

not in

the curren

ho

ose

Visit:Procedure()

with

the curren

when

the

t

on

the

not y

it

(or

as

y.

Usually the

v

ariables

F

or

example,

tlo

cation is

function

the

Stack

c

ho

ose

cation

the

next.

same

When the

et b

step

to

appropriate

t

lo

cation.

(The

curren

line

een executed.

o

v

indicated

are

when

in the

on

Frame:

a

stac

the

t

call

PC

tp

oint

or

at

arro

er

it

if

current

ev

aluated

the

k

sp

ecied

stac

DDE

lo

of

an

w

p

it

calls a

in

lab

frame

k,

en

to

cation

oin

ts

To

see

el

ter

set

When

For example, the follo

the routine

You can eliminate qualiers b

For more information on qualiers, see \Using Qualied Names" in Chapter 7.

4-2 Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data

reporting

\\

mo

dule

print x

\\test\sum\x:3

av

name

sum

of the module

alue, the

[\

r

outine

wing

debugger

name

print

test

y

entering the command

uses

[\

subr

outine

command output indicates

:

qualiers

name

in

the

form:

]...]\

property qual_max 0

obje

thatxis lo cal to

ct

name

.

In

This

Book

Using

There

The

lo

4

4

Y

values

cated

Print()

Print*()

ou

can

are

5

5

program

If

the

current

use

the

to

the

Command

t

w

o command

are

prin

b

elo

w

the

Prin

Y

expressions.

b

input

If

address

v

Prin

b

F

b

double-clic

source

to

location

name

of

rules

dened

Buttons

ted

source

ou can

o

x,

the

alue p

o

x.

or

example,

o

x,

k

cop

the

in

buttons that

in

the

le

tthe

value

also ev

the

result

b

o

x,

the v

expression,

of

the

ointed

t

the

v

alue

the

in

teger

or

highligh

yit

to the

p

oin

ts

v

ariable

\Using

debugger

displa

y

area:

of

the

aluate

F

or

example,

of

n

divided

alue

4

ptr

,

v

ariable

to.

p

oin

ted to

if

ptr

(declared

p

oin

ted

t

the

v

(

):

to

the

pro

without an

Qualied

allow

you

output

con

ten

ts

area.

of

expressions

in

C

by

2

is

assigned

is

a

p

oin

p

oin

ted

by

the

as

to

b

y

ptr

ariable

input

cedure

name

b

o

x.

con

y qualiers.

Names"

to

the

syn

is

ter,

to.

p

int

in

displa

The

(

):

and

assign

tax,

if

prin

ted.

to

the

printing

Prin

ting

oin

ter

*ptr;

is

displa

or

expression

taining

If not,

Chapter

y

v

alues

follo

input

n/2

If

v

ariable

ptr

*ptr

in

the

)

y

ed.

the

specify

7.

wing

v

alues

is

in

n

(

is

in

v

ariable,

of

v

buttons

b

o

x.

to

the

=

4

is

n

.

displa

displa

):

the

in

the

it

ariables.

are

input

in

the

ys the

ys

the

input

input

y

ou

can

according

4

Using the

Another metho

follo

ws:

1. P

osition the cursor o

2. Clic

3. Select either

Mouse

d for

ktherigh

t mouse button. The

Print

appears as an argumen

examining v

ariables and

expressions

ver an expression in the source le displa

or

Print*

Source Actions

. Note that the expression under the cursor

popup men

t to these commands.

Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data 4-3

is

to

use

the

mouse

as

y area.

u app ears.

In

This

Book

Using

As

sho

Data

the

wn

Value

Data

in

Figure 4-1

men

u.

V

alue

In

v

,a

ok

Menu

num

e

it

ber

from

of

print

Show:Data

commands

Value

.

are

a

v

ailable

from

the

The

at

the

y

ou can

mo

v

Data

top,

e

the

Value

inv

menu

the

men

oke

commands

to a

Figure

men

u

u

is

is

conv

4-1.

a

T

displa

from

enient

The

ear-o

y

ed

it

place in

Data

Men

in

its

without

V

alue T

u. When

o

wn

windo

ha

ving

your

workspace.

ear-Off Menu

Using Debugger Commands

If y

ou prefer to use debugger commands, the follo

usages:

print x

print y + z

Displays the v

alue of

Displays the sum of

4-4 Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data

you

click

on

w

The

menu

to

redispla

wing list sho

x

.

y

plusz.

the

persists

y

it.

dashed

Y

ou

line

so that

can

also

ws some common

In

This

Book

print

set

x

x=

=y

declare

list

declares

args

The next

these

commands.

arra

ys,

p

The

online

options

for

Examining

T

o

print

name

without

follo

ws:

y

+

z

+z

int

idx

sections giv

oin

ters,

link

command

eac

h

command.

Arra

ys

an en

tire

a

subscript.

ey

They

ed

arra

ou

some

describ

lists,

reference

y

,

en

ter

F

or

Assigns

Displa

Assigns the

Do

es

output

Creates

(using

Sho

w

Sho

w

routine

idea

e

ho

w

and

buers.

giv

es

the

print

example,

the

v

ys

the

value

not

displa

area.

the temp

C

syn

all

user-dened

the

v

alues

of

the

to use

more

examples

command

supp

alue

of

y

+

z

to

x

result

of

y

the

orary v

in

y

the

+

z

result

ariable

debugger

to

x

in

the

tax).

(temp

orary)

of

the

argumen

v

ersatilit

y

ts of

and

debugger commands

and

describ

and

sp

ecify

ose

the arra

y

list

(using

output

(using

debugger

idx

of

v

ariables.

the

exibilit

to

es

all

the

arra

is

declared

C

syn

area.

C

syn

t

yp

e

curren

t

y

of

examine

the

y

tax).

tax).

int

4

as

The

static

follo

print

int

wing

list

list[5]

command

\\parray\list:

\\parray\list[0]:

\\parray\list[1]: 4

\\parray\list[2]: 2

\\parray\list[3]: 0

\\parray\list[4]: 5

=

prin

(array)

3

{3,4,2,0,5};

ts

the

arra

y

list

:

Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data 4-5

In

This

To

print

a

range

element

list[1]

Book

a

p

in

the

:

element

through

ortion

form

of

an

element

for F

ORTRAN.

list[3]

arra

in

y

,

en

..

element

the

ter

the

for

For

example, the

C

language

range

C,

as

C++,

arra

y

the

subscript.

and

follo

list

Pascal,

wing

:

Sp

ecify

and as

command

prin

ts

print

list[1..3]

\\parray\list[1]: 4

\\parray\list[2]:

\\parray\list[3]:

T

o

sp

ecify

a

limit

use

the

property

array_dim_max

Examining

T

o

examine

either

command's

F

or

example,

the

address

p

oin

ted

the

follo

print

Objects

an

dereference

-indirect

assume

of the

to

b

y

int_ptr

wing

example

int_ptr

on

array_dim_max

10

ob ject

the

v

2

0

the

n

um

sets

the

limit

Referenced

referenced b

p

oin

ter

option.

that

C

ariable

num

using

illustrates:

b

er of

b

using

is

the

,

whose

C

language syn

\\test_program\main\int_ptr:

print

*int_ptr

*\\test_program\main\int_ptr: 7

elemen

command.

at

10.

y

P

ointers

y

a

p

language-sp

curren

v

7B03A558

ts

oin

ter,

t

language

alue

the

F

is

tax

print

or

example,

en

ter

the

ecic

and

7.

Y

ou

for

dereferencing

command

print

syn

tax

that

could

displa

property

command

or

use

int_ptr

prin

t

the

p

oin

the

ys,

print

con

v

alue

ters,

and

tains

as

In languages

Prin

ting

Printing the v

that supp

the

value

ort sp

of a

poin

ecial

ter will

alue of a dereferenced poin

in

terpretation

also prin

of

tthe

ter will prin

4-6 Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data

p

oin

ters

string that

t a single c

to

c

haracters:

is

p

oin

ted

haracter.

to.

For

example, assume

to

the

rst

elemen

In

This

Book

that

C

is

the

curren

t

in

the

string

success

t

language

:

and

that

char_ptr

p

oin

ts

print

\\test_program\main\char_ptr:

*\\test_program\main\char_ptr:

char_ptr

7B03A541

"success"

print *char_ptr

*\\test_program\main\char_ptr:

Instead

the

-indirect

-indirect

-indirect

Examining

Use

En

list.

first_item

of

using language-sp

print

command

as

all

c

ount

Link

ed

Lists

the

print

ter

-indirect

F

or

command's

example,

,

as w

c

ount

the

ell

follo

as

print first_item

\\main\first_item:

*\\main\first_item:

ecic syn

follo

ws:

F

ollo

w

the

ob

ject

F

ollo

w

F

ollo

w

-indirect

to

prin

wing

the

next

-indirect 2

00088000

(record)

\\main\first_item->item_text:

all

p

p

oin

p

ointers

t

a

command

record

tax,

ointers

p

oin

ters

option

sp

ecic

's'

y

ou

encountered

ted

to.

no

further

one lev

num

prin

in

the

"Class"

\\main\first_item->font: "<F21>"

\\main\first_item->next:

*\\main\first_item->next:

00088C00

(record)

\\main\first_item->next->item_text: "Type"

\\main\first_item->next->font:

"<F21>"

\\main\first_item->next->next: 00089800

can

el.

to

examine

b

er

ts

the

link

use

than

of

ed

the

and sho

c

ount

link

records

record

list:

-indirect

w

the

lev

els.

ed

lists.

in

a

link

p

oin

ted

option

v

alue

ed

to

to

4

of

b

y

To prin

linked list

tanen

is large, the output ma

record is sho

tire link

wn.

ed list y

ou could

specify

y become un

-indirect all

wieldy, since ev

. But if the

ery link to eac

h

Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data 4-7

In

This

Book

To

print

all

through

sho

wn

set

the

in

the follo

item

while

set

item

The

set

command

while

as

the

tmp.out

F

command then

item

p

curren

.

or

more

oin

t

information

\Combining

the

records

list

and

prin

wing example:

= first_item;

item

!=

0

=

item->next]

assigns

ts

to

an

address.

record

and

Debugger

in

a

large

t

eac

h

record

\

-loop

[print

>tmp.out

the

v

alue

executes the

The

incremen

on

grouping

t

Commands

link

ed

list,

separately

item

of

first_item

commands b

commands

item

.

All

commands

Using

Action

y

ou

can

.

Use

-indirect

to

etw

een

b

et

w

een

output

to

is

p

erform

Lists"

mak

e

the

the

while

1;

\

the p

ointer

the

brac

the

brac

redirected

useful

in

Chapter

debugger

command, as

item

.

k

ets

as

long

k

ets

prin

t

to

the

le

tasks,

see

5.

w

alk

The

Examining

Use

the

The

address

command

buer

describe buff[60]

Buffers

describe

describe

of

an

is used

(called

,

print

command

elemen

to displa

buff

)

from

,

and

dump

commands

with

the

-va

option

t

in

a

buer.

y

a

C

the

virtual

language

In

the

follo

address

program:

to

is

useful

wing

of

examine

for

example,

an

elemen

buers.

nding

the

t

in

describe

-va

4000110C

The

print

also

displa

Notice

print

command can

ys

the

the

use

of

&buff[60]

con

the

ten

&

ts

op

also displa

of

the

buer starting

erator

in

ythe

the

follo

address

from the

wing

of

an

example:

elemen

specied

t.

4000110C

*: "a rather serious crime\nTo marry two wives at a time."

Use

print

with the following syn

tax to displa

y the con

tents of a single elemen

in the buer:

print buff[60]

*: 'a'

the virtual

a

c

haracter

Ho

w

ev

er,

element.

it

t

4-8 Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data

For

large buers,

and

-to

options

The

follo

address

address

the

options

that

allo

to

wy

wing example

range

in

a

buer.

range:

dump

sp

ecify

ou to

command

address

format the

shows

Then,

is

ranges.

output.

a sequence

the

dump

useful

b

Also,

ecause

dump

of commands

command

y

tak

that

prin

ou

can

es

determine

ts

the

an

use

umb

data

In

the

er of

in

This

-from

an

the

Book

describe

4000110C

describe

4000112A

dump

"a

Notice

The

-bits

256

bits

See

the

print

buff[60]

buff[92]

-from

4000110C

rather serious

that

the

-char

256

option

or

32

c

haracters.

online

,

and

command

dump

commands.

-va

-va

-to

crime\nTo

option

species

reference

4000112A

causes

that

for

marry

the

the

more

-char

"

output

output

information

-bits

to

b

e

should

256

displa

b

e

on

y

ed

as

formatted

the

describe

c

haracters.

in

units

,

4

of

Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data 4-9

In

This

Book

Examining

Select one

sho

ws

b

ox

displaying

the

of

con

registers.

F

rom

the

Sho

1.

View

register

Register

2.

Sp

w

Y

program

an

w

3.

Change

The

registers

v

ecify

atc

ou

ything

atc

alue

v

ho

hp

oin

can

also

to

other

hp

oin

from

oating

are

(double

Registers

the

Show:Registers

ten

ts

of

a

group

general registers.

w

Registers

con

ten

ts.

alues

that

c

hange

w

the

the

register

t's

gran

ularit

temp

orarily

run

faster.

than

Every

t

to

c

hec

k

the

the

default

p

oin

t

register

display

ed as

precision).

of

hardware

You

dialog

b

o

during

values

y).

susp

end

When

register

Stop

register

hexadecimal

dialog

t

w

o

4-b

men

u

can

x,

y

ou

execution

are up

up

,the

v

alues

b

o

x

yte

items

to

displa

registers. Figure

also

displa

can:

are

dated (similar

dating,

tracing

debugger

displa

allo

v

alues

at the

ws

(single

whic

is

activ

creates

appropriate

y

format.

y

ou

y

a

y

oating

highligh

h

allo

ws

ated

an

to

sp

ecify

precision)

dialog

4-2 sho

p

oin

ted.

to

setting

the

and

implicit

gran

whether

b

o

ws a

t

target

set

ularit

or

one

x

and

a

to

that

dialog

sp

y

.

the

8-b

ecial

yte

4-10 Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data

In

This

Book

4

Figure 4-2. Sho

Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data 4-11

w Registers Dialog Bo

x (General)

In

This

Book

Using

Use

the

regs

cregs

fregs

fsregs

fdregs

sregs

The

dened

Command

Register

the

follo

Commands

wing

commands to

debugger output

General

Con

Double-precision

Single-precision

Double-precision

Space

commands

in the

listed

target manager

Files"

in

area:

registers

trol registers

registers

ab

o

v

e

are

startup le

Chapter

6),

display

the con

oating-p

oating-p

oating-poin

aliases

whic

for

h

is

in:

oin

oin

t

the

(described

/opt/langtools/dde/tgt/tgt_hpux_pa.startup

(See

\Solaris

register

T

o

displa

for

addr

dump

r8:

SP

dumping

y

a

single

ess

.

F

or example:

-from

40006110

AR

C

macros

register,

r8

T

arget

Manager"

on

Solaris

use

dump

in

App

systems.)

-from

addr

tents

t

registers

registers

t

registers

dump

endix

ess

.

of

groups

command.

in

\Using

C

for

information

Sp

ecify

of

registers

They

Startup

a

register

are

on

name

in

the

See

Appendix

Cfor

more

information

on

register

names.

4-12 Viewing and Manipulating Target Program Data

5

Using

This

c

hapter

commands

argumen

ts to

Abbreviating

En

tering

Using

Contin

command

uing

Resolving

Editing

Using

the

Recording

In

v

oking

Redirecting

Using

reserved

Creating

Com

bining

F

or

more

see

the online

command

bo

x.

Debugger

describ

from

the

the

dde

es the

debugger

command

debugger

m

ultiple

debugger

lists

commands

syn

tax

conicts

the

command

command

command

shell

input

history

sequences

commands

and

identiers

alias

and

dene

debugger

information

commands

on

command

b

y

en

tering

help

Commands

con

v

en

tions

command

-do

option. T

commands

commands

on

the

next

line

line

facilit

y

for

later

from

the

debugger

output

and sp

ecial

macros

using

the

debugger

reference.

c

ommand

Y

ou

y

ou

need

input

b

opics

on

one

playbac

macros

action

commands

can

also

name

in

to

o

x,

line

lists

in

the

k

men

v

follo

w

when

in

startup

include:

tioned

ok

e

help

debugger

y

ou

les,

or

in

this

on

a

particular

command

issue

as

c

hapter

input

5

See \Using Startup Command Files" in Chapter 6 for more

startup les.

Using Debugger Commands 5-1

information on

In

This

Book

Abbreviating

When y

command

F

or

equiv

Entering

When

(EOL),

commands

The

commands

EOL,

Ho

if

example,

example,

alen

you

alias

not

w

ever,

y

ou

enclose

ou

en

ter

or

command

des

tto

breakpoint 17

Multiple

en

ter

whic

h

is

on

one

,

debug

require

a semicolon,

y

ou

can

them

y

ou

could

line:

Debugger

debugger

commands,

argumen

total

is

equiv

Debugger

a

single

debugger

usually done

line,

separate

,

define

the

com

in

create

,

rest

as

a

bine

square

an

of

these

Commands

t

to

its

alen

t

.

command,

by

pressing

eac

h

target

the

command

line

terminator.

commands

brac

k

ets

alias

and

y

ou

can

abbreviate

rst

three

c

to

describe

Commands

terminate

5

.

4

Return

command

as

an

[]

,

braces

then

When

with

,

property

argumen

with

others

{}

in

v

ok

e

an

haracters.

total

and

on

it

with

y

ou en

a

semicolon

flags

t.

They

on

,

or

paren

it

on

the

y

debugger

bre 17

One

,

only

the

theses

is

Line

an

end-of-line

ter m

ultiple

(

;

).

and

shell

recognize

command

()

.

same command

F

an

line

or

[alias ph

Using Command

A

command

by semicolons and enclosed in square brac

For example, y

print

-hex];

ph

foo

Lists

list

is

one or

more

debugger

ou can direct the output of sev

commands

with

kets[], braces

eral commands in

[list breakpoints; list defines; list aliases] >save

Notice that the output redirection op erator m

ust ha

vea

space b efore it but no

space after it.

5-2 Using Debugger Commands

argumen

{}

,orparen

to a le:

ts,

separated

theses().

In

This

Book

Continuing

The

con

tinuation

past

the

end

last

c

haracter

bac

kslash

Some

argumen

comma

con

tin

The

or paren

the

same

When

dialog

after the

debugger commands

t.

If

is

the

ues

the

debugger

theses. Note,

t

yp

e

un

balanced

b

o

xes,

Resolving

Some

debugger

language

expressions

programming

language

syn

tax.

Commands

character,

of

the

line.

on

the

line.

Debugger Input:

y

ou

en

ter

one

last

non-blank

line.

also

con

tin

ho

as the

the

outermost delimiter.

brack

ets, braces,

debugger

Syntax

commands,

as

argumen

language's

on

abac

kslash (

The

bac

kslash

When

ues

w

ev

take

of

these

c

haracter

a

line

er,

y

a list

that

ou

prompts

Conflicts

suc

h

as

ts.

syn

tax

conicts

the

Next

\

),

m

ust

press

prompt.

of

items

commands

on

the

that

con

the

debugger

or

paren

for

completion

the

print

This

ma

with

Line

lets

y

ou

follo

w

a

5

,

4

Return

the

separated

and

press

line,

the debugger

tains

un

balanced

balances

theses

are

on

command, tak

y

cause

a

the

debugger's

con

tin

space

debugger

b

y

4

Return

en

tered

the

command

problem

ue

a

command

and

m

ust

ec

ho

commas

5

when

automatically

brac

kets,

only

delimiters

in

men

e

programming

if

the

command

be

es

the

as

an

a

braces,

us

line.

or

the

of

in

5

For

example, a

command,

Y

ou

can

usually resolv

as argumen

conict o

suc

h

as

ts in paren

print (abc -hex)

print abc -hex

-hex

ccurs if

,

within

e syn

y

ou

use

a program

tax conicts

theses. Consider the follo

Prints the v

Prints the v

a

v

alid

option

to

expression.

by

enclosing expressions

wing

print

alue

of

abc

minus the v

alue

of

abc

in hexadecimal.

Using Debugger Commands 5-3

a

debugger

that are

commands:

alue of

used

hex

.

In

This

Book

Resolving

Case

Debugger commands

commands

debug

to

b

e

DEBUG

but

dieren

debug

Programming

is

case

to

refer

reset

command

Commands

language

allo

ws

evaluate

in

v

ok

are

-output

the

same

-OUTPUT

t

from

-output

sensitiv

to

another

y

our

language

reference

that

with

the

command

an expression.

ed

with

the

case

as

language expressions

e.

If

ha

the

property

-language

Sensitivity

and

options

sensitiv

temp

temp

temp

y

our curren

part

using

for

ve

e.

my_prog

my_prog

MY_PROG

of

the

the

more

a

-language

to

use

a

The

are

not

Therefore,

the

are case

t language

program

property

that

language

information on

option

language

language

print

command.

other

and

set

option.

case

sensitiv

debugger

sensitiv

is

not

case

is

case

the

property

eliminate

than

commands,

e.

Argumen

considers

e

if

the

sensitiv

sensitiv

command.

language

the

need

The

-language

the

curren

for

ts

the

curren

e,

e

and

you

t

must

See

to

reset

t

one

example,

to

command

language

y

ou

w

rst

the

online

command.

y

our

option

to

parse

can

an

b

t

or

e

5-4 Using Debugger Commands

In

This

Book

Editing

Choose

command

Use

Ksh

either

v

ariable.

Use

Motif Mode

editing

Using

When

history

history

the

When

the

buer

buer

command.

the debugger

through

If

EDITOR

4

5

CTRL

the

Command

Options:Command

input

b

o

x.

The

Mode

vi

or

.This

emacs

inv

dep

. This

k

eys

(Bac

kspace,

the

Command

debugger

the

command

is

5

-

4

accesses the

N

app

ears

to cop

set

to

is

in

ab

y

it

is

in

history

emacs

Input

t

w

o

okes

ending

in

v

ok

arro

History

Motif

o

v

e

the

in

to

the

Ksh

,

4

CTRL

next

Line

Mode

c

hoices are:

a

KornShell-lik

on

the

es

a

simplied

ws)

are

edit

mo

Debugger

input

edit

mo

de,

.

F

or

example:

5

5

-

4

P

command.

to

select

v

alue

activ

e.

F

acility

de

(see

Input

b

o

x,

or

y

ou

accesses

an

edit

e

edit

mo

of

the

EDITOR

Motif

edit

\Editing

b

o

double-clic

can

use

the

previous

mo

de

de,

whic

en

mo

de,

the Command

x.

Clic

k

k

on

k

ey

commands

command

for

the

h

em

ulates

vironmen

in

whic

on

an

item

it

to

re-execute

debugger

t

h

basic

Line") a

in

the

to

scroll

and

5

If

EDITOR

previous

Command

debugger

is

set

command

history

is started,

to

is

vi

and y

and

stored

and

5

4

j

in

is

preserv

ou are

accesses

a

le

ed

in

vi

the

called

b

et

command

next

.ddehist

w

een

mo

de,

accesses

4

k

the

5

command.

in the

debugging

directory where

sessions.

the

Using Debugger Commands 5-5

In

This

Book

Recording

The

property

command

whether

command

property

The

p

athname

sequences

with

a

text

The

-on

p

athname

y

ou

start

dieren

The

o

Y

op

-append

v

erwrite

ou

can

erator

t

Command

record

sequences

they are

input

b

record

argumen

will b

e stored.

editor.

and

-off

when

y

and

stop.

command

and

an

existing

in

v

ok

e

the

(

<

p

athname

\Redirecting Input

command

for

reuse

inv

oked

from men

o

x.

The

syn

{

p

athname

| -on

|

-off

}

t

sp

You

argumen

ou

rst

start

Only

en

le.

-replace

command

commands

)

or

the

and Output"

Sequences

is

useful

at

another

us,

tax

is:

[-append

ecies

the

command

can add

ts

start

and

recording,

ter

p

athname

argumen

ts

le.

in

a

command le

input

command

for more

for

Later

if

y

ou

w

an

time.

It

records

command

buttons,

|

-replace]

le

or

delete

en

tries

stop recording.

y

ou

need

again

when

specify

whether

by

(

input

information.

t

to

where

not

y

using

-from

Pla

sa

v

e

all

commands

or

the

in

the

After sp

sp

ecify

ou

w

an

to

add

the

p

yback

debugger

from

the

command

command

ecifying

it

ev

ery

t

to

c

hange

to,

or

input

athname

debugger

le

time

to

to

).

See

a

For

more information

command

reference.

ab

out

the

5-6 Using Debugger Commands

property

record

command,

see

the

online

Inv

oking

To

in

v

ok

e

command.

average.c

Shell

shell

F

or

, for

Commands

commands

example,

debugging:

the

from

follo

the

wing

from

debugger

command

the

Debugger

command

compiles

line,

use

the

test program,

the

In

This

shell

Book

shell

The

value

cc

of the

Note

F

or

more

information

reference.

Redirecting

Y

ou

can

direct

or

with

the

input

an

error

while

ha

ve

the debugger

Y

ou can

commands.

information

use the

See

ab

-g average.c

SHELL

Do

in

will

Input

the

not

v

ok

e

a

fail

on

debugger

en

vironmen

en

ter

command

when it

the

and

command.

reading

from

contin

ue reading

property record

\Recording

out

property

t

the

shell

that

attempts to

shell

command,

Output

to

read its

File

input

an

input

from

command

Command

record

.

v

ariable

command

exp

input

is

le.

Use

the

Sequences

determines

without

ects standard

read from

see

the

from

a

le

ab

orted

if

the

the

property

le

when

to

create

for

Later

whic

h

shell

is

an

argumen

input.

standard

The

input

online command

with

an

I/O

debugger

it

encoun

an

input

Pla

abort

ters

le

yback"

encoun

command

an

of

in

v

ok

ed.

t

or

command

op

erator

ters

error.

debugger

for more

5

to

F

rom

the

its

input

<

pathname

debugger

from

a

le

command

using an

input

b

o

x,

y

ou

can direct

I/O

op

erator

as

follo

Read and execute debugger commands from the

le

pathname

.

You can also use I/O operators to read command

output

to a le as follo

<

pathname.in>pathname.out

print abc

>

ws:

pathname.out

Using Debugger Commands 5-7

the debugger

to read

ws:

input from a le and redirect

In

This

You

Y

ou can

I/O

line.

cmd

cmd

cmd

cmd

cmd

Book

cannot use

redirect

op

erators

Output

>

p

athname

>>

p

athname

2>

p

athname

2>>

p

athname

>>?

p

athname

parameters

debugger

(similar

to

those

with

command

remains redirected

Redirect

Redirect

p

athname

Redirect

and

Redirect

pathname

Redirect

p

athname

input

output

found

until

Bourne

les.

b

y

issuing

in

most

shells)

the command

standard

standard

output

output

.

standard

shell

standard

error

notation).

error

.

standard

error

.

a

from

has b

to

and

output

output

output

command

follo

the command

een

completed.

p

athname

app

to

and

and

.

end

it

p

athname

app

app

to

end

end

w

ed

entry

(Korn

it

it

to

to

b

y

Note

Y

ou

can

example,

[

cmd1

redirects

A space

Spaces

I/O

also

group

the

command

;

cmd2

;

the output

op

the

cmd3

from all

m

ust

are

not

erator

output

]

>

p

separate

allo

and

p

of

sev

athname

three

the

command

w

ed

b

et

ween

athname

eral

commands

commands

from

the

I/O

op

erator.

I/O

op

erators

or

b

et

w

een

an

.

b

y

using

brac

k

ets.

F

or

to

p

athname

.

5-8 Using Debugger Commands

In

This

Book

Creating

You

can

use

An

alias

The

debugger

of

a

command

commands.

A

dene macro

debugger

matter

F

or example,

what

alias

alias

define

show

ali_X

"ali_X" not

show

def_X

total:

The

alias

ali_X

a

synon

as

a

ym for

Alias

the

macro

and

alias

serv

expands

line,

serves

commands.

p

osition

consider the

show print

ali_X

def_X

total

total

found

20

commands

synon

ym

total

Define

and

es

as

alias macros

or

when

as

The

the

follo

in

create

for

the

,

but

giv

define

a

synon

the

a

synon

debugger

macro

wing

current

show

v

ariable

es

it

Macros

commands

ym

for

one or

only when

macro

ym

o

follo

for

alw

ccupies

series

an

a

of

environment.

as

a

synon

total

.

the

name

to

create

more debugger

the macro

ws

a

semicolon

y

string

ys

expands

in

a

command

commands:

ym

for

The

define

def_X

.

of

the

text,

a

t

w

o

t

yp

is

at

in

a

including

dene

macro

line.

print

command,

command

es

of

macros

commands.

the

b

eginning

line

of

no

also

creates

:

5

and

The debugger

do

es

not

Ho

w

ev

er,

anywhere

of

the last

The debugger expands macros from left to righ

nding a macro with argumen

macro

denition. Then the debugger rescans the command line, starting from

does

app

ear

the

debugger

on the

tw

o command

not expand

at

the

beginning

do

command

ali_X

es

expand

line.

lines, the

in

the

command

of the

Also,

line and

def_X

since

since

the

debugger expands

it

do

dene

alias

show

es

macros

show

show

t in the command line. Upon

ts, the debugger inserts the argumen

not

ali_X

follo

app

in

where it found the macro.

You can dene macros in terms of other macros and nest them.

macros cannot be recursiv

e.

Using Debugger Commands 5-9

since

w

a

can

appear

ears

rst

both

cases.

ts in

Note that

ali_X

semicolon.

in

b

oth

to the

In

This

Book

Macro names

underscore

macros.

See

may

(

_

).

Macros

the

descriptions of

command reference

Y

ou

m

ust

delimit

allo

w

ed

in

a

macro

define

print

print

Start

concatenate its

define

print

print

Lik

alias

X

myX

a

macro

`X

my`X

e

argumen

macros

X

len

`X len

ts

using

name

text with

to

macros.

b

egin

accept

for

syn

a

macro

name,

Denes

Expands

Do

es

letter

with

Denes

Expands

Expands

debugger

the

list

with

a

tax

details.

name

suc

h

macro

to

not

expand

y

as

a

a

gra

v

other

macro

to

to

commands,

aliases

letter,

a

parameters

the

alias

in

a

command

as

the

space c

X

as

len

print

len

b

ecause

delimiter.

e

accen

t

strings.

print

print

`X

F

as

len

mylen

macros

command;

gra

v

e

and

and

haracter. F

.

.

the

(

`

)

to

or

example:

len

.

.

.

(

`

)

accen

are

dened

define

string

debugger

form

are

use

t,

a

h

yphen

lik

e

commands in

with

c

haracters

or example:

do

es

a macro

that can

case-sensitiv

list

defines

(

-

)or

C language

the

not

not

treat

e.

Y

ou

can

to

list

an

online

the

list

dene

Y

ou

can sp

recognizes

()

as

asp

ecial manner,

outermost

balance;

brac

k

A perio d

a

ets

ecify an

an

single

brac

brac

are

y

string

y

string

argumen

k

k

ets,

and

ets

(within

c

haracters,

within

t.

Ho

quotation

considered part

as

the

v

matc

hing

w

ev

er,

marks

the paren

and

punctuation

of

the

alue

brac

argumen

(.) preceding a command string prev

for

an

actual

brack

ets

k

et

pairs

are

treated

theses that

t.

expand the string in an alias or dene macro. F

can prev

ent innite looping in

the follo

wing alias:

alias s[tep] .step -ignore

Without the p

it w

ould con

eriod, when the debugger encoun

tinue to apply the alias denition indenitely

5-10 Using Debugger Commands

parameter.

[]

, braces

within

as

part

delimit the

marks

within

`

the

The

fg

'',

or

string are

of

the

string.

argument)

the

outermost

debugger

paren

treated in

theses

The

m

ust

ents the debugger from trying to

or example, using the period

ters the

step

command string,

.

In

This

Book

Using

Reserv

The debugger

T

able

5-1

con

Y

ou can

including

Sp

suc

F

ecifying

has

or

example,

use these

the

after the

`after_debug

By

default,

it.

For

example, the

in

tercept

for

alias

Iden

tifying

target

program

expressions).

F

or example,

call/return

frame

on

the

ed

Identifiers

reserv

es

certain

tains

a

complete

reserved

follo

wing:

commands

inv

that

o

cation

after loading

macro

and

`after_debug

follo

the

SIGVTALRM

`after_debug

an

en

vironmen

pro

cedure

`env(+

stac

stac

k.

The

k:

n

|

follo

iden

tier

list

of

identiers

the

debugger

of

the

a

target

executes

is

undened.

wing

sets

signal

delete

t

other

whic

h

-

n

)

is

useful

wing

command

and

and

reserv

and

sp

target

program,

an

y

commands

the

`after_debug

after a

intercept

than

the

the

debugger

for

Special

macro

ed iden

ecial

is

program

to

execute

the

names

tiers and

macros

or

debugger

assigned

Use

the

alias

target program

signal SIGVTALRM

curren

t

en

refers

c

hanging

c

hanges the

lo

Macros

for

sp

special

for

sev

in

specic

after

a

fault

c

hec

to

command

macro

to

is

loaded:

vironment

to

when

cations

on

environmen

ecial

macros.

eral

op

situations,

o

ks

the

it.

to

delete

(the

ev

aluating

the

purp

oses.

erations,

ccurs.

dene

the

t

up

one

5

environment

Referring

dened

sym

explicitly

b

ol

`env(-1)

to

name,

or

a

mo

a

v

command.

For

example, if

you can use

all the temporary v

you

use the

`declared

ariables that y

to refer to them. The following command w

list blocks `declared -full

dule

name

ariable

declare

ou dened:

in

a

that

y

ou

command

particular

create

to

image,

with

create

a language-

the

declare

temp

orary

v

ariables,

ould list

Using Debugger Commands 5-11

In

This

Book

Reserv

ed

Sp

`after_debug

`after_fault

ecial

Table

Iden

Macros

5-1. Reserv

tiers

and

ed

Identifiers

1

Sp

ecies

executes

debug

command

reference

1

Sp

ecies

executes

debugger

after

in

for

details.

debugger

if

the

and

v

oking

en

try

target

Special

F

unction

commands

the

target

in

the

commands

program

Macros

that

the

debugger

program.

online command

that

the

debugger

faults.

See

the

`amb

`asm

`command

`cr

`declared

1

Indicates that the en

Iden

help

1

Identies

manager for

target manager

1

Con

string.

command

b

y

return

1

Sp

executes

command

whic

b

e

Sp

v

ariables

command.

to variables created with

try is a macro.

ties

an

on

C++

the appropriate

tains

the

A

command

or

semicolons.

will

b

ecies

debugger

when

line.

h

causes

in

v

ok

ed.

ecies

the

that

Y

o

v

erloaded

debugging

the target

startup le.

most

recen

string

sev

eral

All

c

haracters

e

rep

eated.

commands

y

ou

en

By

default,

the

most

outer

blo

y

ou

create

ou

can

use

C++

for

assem

mac

hine.

tly

can

debugger

ter

4

Return

`cr

recen

c

k

where

using

`declared

declare

function.

details.

bly

Dened

en

tered

b

e

a

single

commands

up

to

the

that

5

on

an

is

set to

tly

en

tered command

the

debugger

the

declare

to

.

See

language

in

command

debugger

separated

carriage

the

debugger

empt

`command

refer

online

the

y

to

stores

explicitly

5-12 Using Debugger Commands

Table

Reserv

Sp

5-1. Reserv

ed

Iden

ecial

Macros

tiers

and

ed

Identifiers

and

Special

Macros

F

unction

In

(continued)

This

Book

`env(+

`image(

`label(

`long(

`main(

n

|

-

n

name

statement

expr

ession

n

)

If

y

ou

do

not

t

debugger

t

a

useful

image

dules

Names"

lab

el

umeric

the

to

the

the frame

n

,

`main

Chapter

sp

ecify

(that

If

y

relativ

7

for

mo

dule

when

(that

loaded

with

in

the

source

sp

v

alue

on the

k.

n

,

`env

is,

the

target

refers

to

ou

do

sp

ecify

e

to

the curren

more

information.

name

y

our

program

is,

when

libraries)

the

same name.

in

Chapter

source

c

co

haracter

language

ecify

the

lo

of

expr

ession

that is

call/return stac

sp

ecies the

See

\F

rame

7

for

details.

refers to

when ev

n

with

y

and

7

de

string

is

a

cation

n

frames

oldest

Blo

the curren

program

aluating

,

`env

refers to

ten

vironment.

a

particular

consists

our

program

m

ultiple

See \Image

for details.

to

iden

tify

that

v

alid

argumen

of

breakp

to

a

32-bit

a

w

a

k. If

frame

c

k

Qualied

is

y

y

pro

ou

cedure

image.

of

more

uses

images

a

line.

a

v

alid

oin

in

teger

from

don't

on

the

t

an

5

t.

ts.

the

)

en

vironmen

whic

h

the

expressions).

en

vironmen

See

Chapter

Asso

This

than

ciates

is

one

)

dynamically

use

mo

Qualied

lab

el

)

)

Uses

An

y

lab

el

Often

Con

t

yp

e.

a

alphan

in

used

v

erts

Identies

oldest

frame

sp

ecify

call/return stac

Names" in

Using Debugger Commands 5-13

In

This

Reserv

Book

Table

ed

Sp

5-1. Reserv

Iden

ecial

Macros

tiers

and

ed

Identifiers

and

Special

Macros

F

unction

(continued)

`predefined(

obj typ

`run(

`short(

`thread(

`va(

e

n

addr

)

)

expr

n

ess

ession

)

)

lang

)

typ

Sp

e,

ecies

sp

ecial

names

(

`predefined

lang

dened

typ

e

)

and

to

language-dened

App

endix

D

for

lang typ

Iden

most

do

whic

Qualied

T

t

yp

Sp

ties

recen

not

sp

h

the

ransfers

e.

ecies

e

and

the

t

frame

ecify

program

Names"

the

a

thread

obj

frame

n

v

manager-dened

list

threads

iden

tiers.

Species

useful

mac

in Chapter

hine

that

for

printing

location.

addr

8

for

blo

c

ks

b

y

programming

ob

ject

typ

refer

explicitly

sym

b

ol

information

typ

e

.

that

on

the

,

`run

sp

stopp

in

Chapter

alue

of

expr

according

iden

tier,

to

displa

ess

is

or c

hanging the

See \Assem

details.

where

the debugger

e(

obj

name.

on

is

n

frames

call/return

ecies

ed. See

7

ession

to

n

.

Use

y

threads

amac

bly Lev

languages

typ

e

).

to

a

See

Appendix

ho

w

to sp

a

w

stac

the

lo

cation

\Frame

for details.

to

a

16-bit

the

target

the

and

hine

lo

cation.

con

el

stores

Y

ou

can

ecify

a

yfrom

k.

If

y

at

Blo

c

k

in

command

their

`v

ten

ts

of

Debugging"

use

Cand

the

ou

teger

a

is

a

5-14 Using Debugger Commands

In

This

Book

Combining

An action

breakp

an

action list

the

w

the

breakpoint

the

online command

The

handles

Creating

Use

intercept

breakpoint

list

oin

t,

atc

hed

follo

wing sections

action

Action

the

-do

w

v

option

or

command:

breakpoint

Because

line

routine

execution

30,

of

the

the

debugger rst

(that

(executes

commands:

Debugger

is

a

series

of

atc

hp

oin

t,

in

tercept,

after executing

alue,

receiving

,

watchpoint

reference for

describe

lists

in

sp

ecial

Lists

to

sp

ecify

trace

30

-do

command.

-do

[args;

option

in

prin

is, the

debugger executes

go

).

No

Commands

debugger

commands

or tracing

to the

an

,

breakpoin

in

tercept,

intercept

more information.)

ho

w

to

situations.

an action

F

or

example,

go]

the

preceding

ts

the

v

alue

w

consider

or

,

or

create

list for

of

the

args

the

follo

example,

Using

asso

Action

ciated

request. The

t

lo

cation,

encoun

trace

tering

command

action

a

breakpoint

consider

lists

the

when

the

argumen

command)

wing

watchpoin

Lists

with

a

sp

ecic

debugger executes

detecting

a

tracing

a

c

hange

ev

en

description in

and

ho

w

the

debugger

,

watchpoint

follo

wing

execution

ts

to

and

the

then

tand

reac

curren

resumes

trace

t.

hes

t

in

(See

,

5

watchpoint

trace -statement

In the

the

c

the other

by

preceding

debugger to

hanges

during

-statement

hand,

p

-do

[print

-in

sum

example,

print

program

causes

the

the v

alue of

execution.

the

debugger

) in the routine

p/r]

-do

-do

option

p

divided

The

to

sum

(as specied b

[print

to

-do

prin

t

s]

the

watchpoint

b

y

r

whenev

option

s

at

eac

y

to the

h

-in

command

er

the

trace

statement

sum

).

v

alue

of

command,

(as

sp

causes

p

ecied

Using Debugger Commands 5-15

on

In

This

Book

Creating

Use

the

Conditional

if

command

command

breakpoint 18

causes

If

Y

to

return

i

ou

is

can

exit

the

debugger

5

or

less,

also

from

the

command

add

breakpoint

-else

causes

is

the debugger

less

than

10,

the

execution.

Understanding

The follo

situations,

one

action

wing

suc

list

sections

h

is

Action

to create

-do

[if

to

in

v

ok

the

debugger in

a

return

action list

18

-do

command

under

[if

[set list[i]

to

exit

the

debugger

Action

List Execution

describ

as

when

an

eligible

for

Lists

conditional action

i

>

5

-then

e

print

vok

es

s

whenev

go

.

to an

certain

i>10

-then

+= 1;

action

increments

e

ho

error

execution

w

the

occurs

go]]

list

array

debugger

in an

at

lists. F

[print

er

i

action list

conditions.

[return];

if

i

is

greater

elemen

in

Special

handles

action

the

same

or example,

s]

-else

is

greater

if

y

ou

w

F

or

example,

\

than

t

list[i]

Circumstances

action

list

or

when

time.

than

an

10

[go]]

5at

t

the

the

at

line

and

lists

more

the

line 18.

debugger

follo

18.

resumes

in

sp

ecial

than

wing

If

i

Errors

By

list.

the

error.

in Action

default, if

Use

the

debugger

Refer to

Lists

an error

property

to

con

tin

occurs

abort

ue

the description

in

command

executing

of the

command reference.

Execution of Multiple Action Lists

Because y

request, y

time. F

the same time as it encoun

ou can

ou can ha

set action lists on more than one kind of program monitoring

vem

ultiple action lists eligible for execution at the same

or example, the debugger ma

ters a breakpoin

5-16 Using Debugger Commands

an

action

to

the

action

property abort

y detect

list,

the

c

hange the

list

ac

hange in a w

t.

debugger

default and

ev

en

if

command

ab

it

encoun

atched v

orts

in

the

action

direct

ters an

the

online

alue at

In

This

Book

The debugger

for

execution

unrestricted

executes all

executes

go

the

Action

If

program

debugger

to

b

eha

to step

Placing

The

the

Multiple

action

that

commands.

program

List Execution

execution

executes

execute

vior

the

prev

through

step

debugger

action

list,

Action

list.

Ho

example:

executes in

at

the

go

command

action

lists

go

command,

This

when

t

one

program

en

ts

the

it.

and

go

executes

except

Lists".

w

ev

er,

an

same

time.

(a

up

to

and

beha

vior prev

w

o

action

Following

stops

follo

or

more

from

program

Commands

all

step

unrestricted

You

it

is

usually

arbitrary

If

t

w

o

or

go

command with

the

rst

unrestricted

then

issues

ents

lists

execute

an Interactiv

wing

an

action

those

from

can

in

Action

and

place

b

go

lists,

action

con

go

commands

step

est to

order

the

more

a

w

y

ou

from

concurren

estep

interactiv

the

lists and

tin

uing

Lists

commands

or

go

them

action

such

lists

action lists

no argumen

go

command

arning

inadv

that it

erten

tly

.

Command

e

step

command

debugger

issues a

to

execute

in

the

as

describ

commands

at

the

end,

that

are

hav

ts), the

it

discarded other

tly

losing

ignores

all

warning.

while y

order

ed

as

ou are

they

in

\Execution

an

ywhere

in

the

eligible

ean

debugger

encoun

con

trol

and

the

requests

This

trying

appear

in

follo

wing

ters,

of

5

in

of

an

breakpoint

Otherwise,

unan

ticipated

execute at

In

addition,

situation

program.

can o

The

location, and then executes an

Generally,y

45

y

ou

may

results.

program

commands

ccur when

debugger

ou can a

-do

[

some

nd that

The

lo

cations

ma

execution of

commands

y

y

execute

control

executes

y commands remaining from earlier action lists.

void unexpected results b

only at the end of an action list.

c

ommand

ou

do

returns to

any

follo

not

in

new

;

another

the action

wing

an

ticipate.

an

order

the debugger

action

y placing a

Using Debugger Commands 5-17

a

that

lists

go

c

or

ommand

list

generates

a

step

y

ou

do

from

applying

steporgo

;

go]

command migh

not

exp

ect.

the

target

to

the

new

command

t

This

6

Customizing

This

c

hapter

preferences

Customizations

Using

Em

ulating

The

online

graphical

describ

and

startup

the

help

user

needs.

a

command les

xdb

con

in

terface.

section.

the

es metho

T

opics

v

ailable

or

dbx

tains

information

Lo

Debugger

ds

for

customizing

include:

from

the

debugger's

debuggers

ab

out

ok

for

Customizing

the

debugger

Options

customizing

HP/DDE

to

suit

men

u

the debugger's

in

the

User

y

our

o

wn

Interface

6

Customizing the Debugger 6-1

In

This

Book

Using

A

v

ariet

sho

wn

the

Options

y

of

customizations

in

Figure

6-1

.

They

Menu

Figure

are

include:

6-1.

a

v

ailable

The

Options

from

the

Menu

debugger's

Options

menu,

Sp

ecifying the

Mo

difying

Changing

Changing

Sp

ecifying

Selecting

Selecting the language-sensitive text selection

default program

breakp

the

oin

format

t,

the format

the debugger's

the

edit

mo

w

atc

and

and b

de

used

hp

b

eha

eha

beha

oint,

in

environmen

and trace

vior

of

the

vior

of

the

vior when

the

Debugger

t.

beha

stac

k

w

atc

hp

fork()

Input

beha

Displaying sections of the debugger's main windo

Changing the command buttons on the fron

the source and assem

bly displa

ys.

t panel and

Saving and restoring all settings.

To get more help on these customizations, hold do

an item

in the

Options

menu, then press

5

.

4

F1

6-2 Customizing the Debugger

vior

for

C++

programs.

displa

y

.

oin

t

displa

y

.

calls

are encoun

command

b

vior.

w as separate windo

the pop-up men

wn the

left mouse button on

tered.

o

x.

ws.

us in