Note: Unless otherwise indicated, this manual applies to all Serial Numbers.
The HP 33120A is a high-performance 15 MHz synthesized function
generator with built-in arbitrary waveform capability. Its combination
of bench-top and system features makes this function generator a
versatile solution for your testing requirements now and in the future.
The commands enclosed in square brackets ( [ ] ) are “hidden” unless the function generator
*
is UNSECURED for calibration.
*
*
4
Display Annunciators
Adrs
Rmt
Trig
AM
FM
Ext
FSK
Burst
Swp
ERROR
Offset
Shift
Num
Arb
Function generator is addressed to listen or talk over a remote interface.
Function generator is in remote mode (remote interface).
Function generator is waiting for a single trigger or external trigger (Burst, Sweep).
AM modulation is enabled.
FM modulation is enabled.
Function generator is set for an external modulation source (AM, FSK, Burst).
FSK (frequency-shift keying) modulation is enabled.
Burst modulation is enabled.
Sweep mode is enabled.
Hardware or remote interface command errors are detected.
The waveform is being output with an offset voltage.
“Shift” key has been pressed.
“Enter Number” mode is enabled.
Arbitrary waveform function is enabled.
Sine waveform function is enabled.
Square waveform function is enabled.
Triangle waveform function is enabled.
Ramp waveform function is enabled.
Press “Shift” again to turn off.
Press “Shift-Cancel” to disable.
To review the display annunciators, hold down the Shift key as you
turn on the function generator.
5
The Rear Panel at a Glance
1 Chassis ground
2 Power-line fuse-holder assembly
3 Power-line voltage setting
4 AM modulation input terminal
• Select the HP-IB or RS-232 interface (see chapter 4).
• Set the HP-IB bus address (see chapter 4).
Set the RS-232 baud rate and parity (see chapter 4).
•
6
In This Book
Quick Start Chapter 1 prepares the function generator for use and
helps you get familiar with a few of its front-panel features.
Front-Panel Menu Operation Chapter 2 introduces you to the
front-panel menu and describes some of the function generator’s
menu features.
Features and Functions Chapter 3 gives a detailed description of the
function generator’s capabilities and operation. You will find this
chapter useful whether you are operating the function generator from
the front panel or over the remote interface.
Remote Interface Reference Chapter 4 contains reference
information to help you program the function generator over the
remote interface.
Error Messages Chapter 5 lists the error messages that may appear
as you are working with the function generator. Each listing contains
enough information to help you diagnose and solve the problem.
Application Programs Chapter 6 contains several remote interface
application programs to help you develop programs for your application.
Tutorial Chapter 7 discusses the fundamentals of signal generation
and modulation techniques.
Specifications Chapter 8 lists the function generator’s specifications.
For information on using the Phase-Lock Option for the HP 33120A,
refer to the User’s and Service Guide included with the Option 001.
If you have questions relating to the operation of the HP 33120A,
call 1-800-452-4844 in the United States, or contact your nearest
Hewlett-Packard Sales Office.
If your HP 33120A fails within three years of purchase, HP will repair
or replace it free of charge. Call 1-800-258-5165 (“Express Exchange”)
in the United States, or contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales Office.
7
Contents
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To prepare the function generator for use 15
If the function generator does not turn on 16
To adjust the carrying handle 18
To set the output frequency 19
To set the output amplitude 20
To set a dc offset voltage 21
To set the duty cycle 22
To output a stored arbitrary waveform 23
To output a dc voltage 24
To store the instrument state 25
To rack mount the function generator 27
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation
Front-panel menu reference 31
A front-panel menu tutorial 33
To select the output termination 40
To output a modulated waveform 41
To output an FSK waveform 44
To output a burst waveform 47
To output a frequency sweep 49
To trigger a burst or sweep 51
To turn off the comma separator 52
SCPI Command Summary 127
Simplified Programming Overview 136
Using the APPLy Command 138
Output Configuration Commands 145
AM Modulation Commands 154
FM Modulation Commands 157
Burst Modulation Commands 160
Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Commands 167
Frequency Sweep Commands 170
Arbitrary Waveform Commands 174
Triggering 186
System-Related Commands 188
Calibration Commands 193
RS-232 Interface Configuration 195
RS-232 Interface Commands 200
The SCPI Status Registers 201
Status Reporting Commands 209
An Introduction to the SCPI Language 211
Halting an Output in Progress 216
To set the HP-IB address 217
To select the remote interface 218
To set the baud rate 219
To set the parity 220
SCPI Conformance Information 221
IEEE-488 Conformance Information 225
HP BASIC Programs 244
C Language Programs 244
QuickBASIC Language Programs 247
Using the APPLy Command 248
Using the Low-Level Commands 252
Downloading an Arbitrary Waveform over HP-IB 255
Using the Status Registers 261
Downloading an Arbitrary Waveform over RS-232 267
Chapter 7 Tutorial
Direct Digital Synthesis 273
Signal Imperfections 276
Creating Arbitrary Waveforms 278
Output Amplitude Control 280
Floating Signal Generators 282
Attributes of AC Signals 283
Modulation 287
Contents
Chapter 8 Specifications
Frequency Characteristics 298
Sinewave Spectral Purity 298
Signal Characteristics 298
Output Characteristics 298
Modulation Characteristics 299
Frequency Sweep 299
System Characteristics 299
General Specifications 300
Product Dimensions 301
Index 303
Declaration of Conformity 309
11
1
1
Quick Start
Quick Start
One of the first things you will want to do with your function generator
is to become acquainted with its front panel. We have written the
exercises in this chapter to prepare the function generator for use and
help you get familiar with some of the front-panel operations.
The front panel has two rows of keys to select various functions and
operations. Most keys have a shifted function printed in blue above
the key. To perform a shifted function, press
ciator will turn on). Then, press the key that has the desired label
above it. For example, to select the
function, press
Shift AM (the shifted version of the key).
AM (amplitude modulation)
Shift (the Shift annun-
If you accidentally press
Shift annunciator.
Shift , just press it again to turn off the
Most keys also have a number printed in green next to the key.
To enable the number mode, press
Enter Number (the Num annunciator
will turn on). Then, press the keys that have the desired numbers
printed next to them. For example, to select the number “10”,
Enter Number 1 0 (next to the and Recall keys).
press
If you accidentally press
Enter Number , just press Shift Cancel
to turn off the Num annunciator.
14
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To prepare the function generator for use
To prepare the function generator for use
The following steps help you verify that the function generator is
ready for use.
1 Check the list of supplied items.
Verify that you have received the following items with your function
generator. If anything is missing, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard
Sales Office.
One power cord.
This User’s Guide.
One Service Guide.
One folded Quick Reference card.
Certificate of Calibration.
2 Connect the power cord and turn on the function generator.
1
The front-panel display will light up while the function generator
performs its power-on self-test. The
Notice that the function generator powers up in the sine wave function
at 1 kHz with an amplitude of 100 mV peak-to-peak (into a 50Ω
termination).
To review the power-on display with all annunciators turned on,
hold down
3Perform a complete self test.
The complete self-test performs a more extensive series of tests than
those performed at power-on. Hold down
switch to turn on the function generator; hold down the key for morethan 5 seconds. The self-test will begin when you release the key.
If the self-test is successful, “
If the self-test is not successful, “
annunciator turns on. See the Service Guide for instructions on
returning the function generator to Hewlett-Packard for service.
Shift as you turn on the function generator.
PASS” is displayed on the front panel.
HP-IB bus address is displayed.
Shift as you press the Power
FAIL” is displayed and the ERROR
15
Chapter 1 Quick Start
If the function generator does not turn on
If the function generator does not turn on
Use the following steps to help solve problems you might experience
when turning on the function generator. If you need more help, see the
Service Guide for instructions on returning the function generator to
Hewlett-Packard for service.
1 Verify that there is ac power to the function generator.
First, verify that the function generator’s Power switch is in the
“On” position. Also, make sure that the power cord is firmly plugged into
to the power module on the rear panel. You should also make sure that
the power source you plugged the function generator into is energized.
2 Verify the power-line voltage setting.
The line voltage is set to the proper value for your country when the
function generator is shipped from the factory. Change the voltage
setting if it is not correct. The settings are: 100, 120, 220, or 240 Vac
(for 230 Vac operation, use the 220 Vac setting).
See the next page if you need to change the line-voltage setting.
3 Verify that the power-line fuse is good.
The function generator is shipped from the factory with a 500 mAT fuse
installed. This is the correct fuse for all line voltages.
See the next page if you need to change the power-line fuse.
To replace the 500 mAT fuse, order HP part number 2110-0458.
16
Chapter 1 Quick Start
If the function generator does not turn on
1
1 Remove the power cord. Remove the
fuse-holder assembly from the rear panel.
3 Rotate the line-voltage selector until the
correct voltage appears in the window.
2 Remove the line-voltage selector from
the assembly.
Fuse: 500 mAT (for all line voltages)
HP Part Number: 2110-0458
4 Replace the fuse-holder assembly in
the rear panel.
100, 120, 220 (230), or 240 Vac
Verify that the correct line voltage is selected and the power-line fuse is good.
17
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To adjust the carrying handle
To adjust the carrying handle
To adjust the position, grasp the handle by the sides and pull outward.
Then, rotate the handle to the desired position.
Bench-top viewing positions Carrying position
18
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To set the output frequency
To set the output frequency
At power-on, the function generator outputs a sine wave at 1 kHz with
an amplitude of 100 mV peak-to-peak (into a 50Ω termination).
The following steps show you how to change the frequency to 1.2 MHz.
1
Freq
Enter Number
.
1
∧
2
MHz
m Vpp
1 Enable the frequency modify mode.
The displayed frequency is either the power-on value or the previous
frequency selected. When you change functions, the same frequency is
used if the present value is valid for the new function.
1.000,000,0 KHz
2 Enter the magnitude of the desired frequency.
1
Notice that the Num annunciator turns on and “ENTER NUM” flashes on
the display, indicating that the number mode is enabled.
1.2
To cancel the number mode, press
Shift Cancel .
3 Set the units to the desired value.
The units are selected using the arrow keys on the right side of the
front panel. As soon as you select the units, the function generator
outputs the waveform with the displayed frequency. To turn off the
flashing digit, move the cursor to the left of the display using the arrow keys.
1.200,000,0 MHz
1
You can also use the knob and arrow keys to enter a number.
See “Front-Panel Number Entry” on page 3 for more information.
19
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To set the output amplitude
To set the output amplitude
At power-on, the function generator outputs a sine wave with an
amplitude of 100 mV peak-to-peak (into a 50Ω termination).
The following steps show you how to change the amplitude to 50 mVrms.
Ampl
Enter Number
5
0
Shift
kHz
∨
m Vrms
1 Enable the amplitude modify mode.
The displayed amplitude is either the power-on value or the previous
amplitude selected. When you change functions, the same amplitude is
used if the present value is valid for the new function.
100.0 mVPP
2 Enter the magnitude of the desired amplitude.
1
Notice that the Num annunciator turns on and “ENTER NUM” flashes on
the display, indicating that the number mode is enabled.
50
To cancel the number mode, press
Shift Cancel .
3 Set the units to the desired value.
The units are selected using the arrow keys on the right side of the
front panel. As soon as you select the units, the function generator
outputs the waveform with the displayed amplitude. To turn off the
flashing digit, move the cursor to the left of the display using the arrow keys.
50.00 mVRMS
1
You can also use the knob and arrow keys to enter a number.
See “Front-Panel Number Entry” on page 3 for more information.
20
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To set a dc offset voltage
To set a dc offset voltage
At power-on, the function generator outputs a sine wave with a dc offset
voltage of 0 volts (into a 50Ω termination). The following steps show you
how to change the offset to –1.5 mVdc.
1
Offset
Enter Number
±
Shift
∨
.
1
kHz
m Vrms
1 Enable the offset modify mode.
The displayed offset voltage is either the power-on value or the previous
offset selected. When you change functions, the same offset is used if the
present value is valid for the new function.
+0.000 VDC
2 Enter the magnitude of the desired offset.
5
Notice that the Num annunciator turns on and “ENTER NUM” flashes
on the display, indicating that the number mode is enabled. Notice
that
±
toggles the displayed value between + and – .
-1.5
To cancel the number mode, press
Shift Cancel .
3 Set the units to the desired value.
At this point, the function generator outputs the waveform with the
displayed offset. Notice that the
Offset annunciator turns on, indicating
that the waveform is being output with an offset. The annunciator will
turn on when the offset is any value other than 0 volts. To turn off the
flashing digit, move the cursor to the left of the display using the arrow keys.
1
-01.50 mVDC
1
You can also use the knob and arrow keys to enter a number.
See “Front-Panel Number Entry” on page 3 for more information.
21
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To set the duty cycle
To set the duty cycle
Applies only to square waves. At power-on, the duty cycle for square
waves is 50%. You can adjust the duty cycle for a square waveform from
20% to 80%, in increments of 1% (for frequencies above 5 MHz, the
range is 40% to 60%). The following steps show you how to change the
duty cycle to 45%.
% Duty Shift
Enter Number
5
4
Enter
1 Select the square wave function.
Notice that the annunciator turns on, indicating that the
square wave function is enabled.
2 Enable the duty cycle modify mode.
The displayed duty cycle is either the power-on value or the previous
value selected.
50 % DUTY
This message appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds.
Repeat this step as needed.
3 Enter the desired duty cycle.
1
Notice that the Num annunciator turns on and “ENTER NUM” flashes on
the display, indicating that the number mode is enabled.
45
To cancel the number mode, press
Shift Cancel .
4 Output the waveform with the displayed duty cycle.
45 % DUTY
1
You can also use the knob and arrow keys to enter a number.
See “Front-Panel Number Entry” on page 3 for more information.
22
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To output a stored arbitrary waveform
To output a stored arbitrary waveform
There are five built-in arbitrary waveforms stored in non-volatile
memory for your use. You can output these waveforms directly from
non-volatile memory. The following steps show you how to output an
“exponential rise” waveform from memory.
1
Shift
>
Enter
>
Arb List
1 Display the list of arbitrary waveforms.
The list contains the five built-in arbitrary waveforms (sinc, negative
ramp, exponential rise, exponential fall, and cardiac). The list may also
contain up to four user-defined arbitrary waveform names. The first
choice on this level is “
SINC”.
SINC
This message appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds.
Repeat this step as needed.
2 Move across to the
EXP_RISE choice.
1
EXP_RISE
3 Select and output the displayed arbitrary waveform.
Notice that the
Arb annunciator turns on, indicating that the output is
an arbitrary waveform. The waveform is output using the present
settings for frequency, amplitude, and offset unless you change them.
The selected waveform is now assigned to the
Arb key. Whenever
you press this key, the selected arbitrary waveform is output.
1
You can also use the knob to scroll left or right through the choices in the list.
See “Front-Panel Number Entry” on page 3 for more information.
23
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To output a dc voltage
To output a dc voltage
In addition to generating waveforms, you can also output a dc voltage in
the range ± 5 Vdc (into a 50Ω termination). The following steps show
you how to output +155 mVdc.
Enter Number
5
5 1
Shift
kHz
∨
m Vrms
1 Press the key and hold it down for more than 2 seconds.
To enter the dc voltage mode, press the
top row of function keys and
Offset
Offset key or any key in the
hold it down for more than 2 seconds.
The displayed voltage is either the power-on value or the previous
offset voltage selected.
DCV
+0.000 VDC
2 Enter the magnitude of the desired voltage.
1
Notice that the Num annunciator turns on and “ENTER NUM” flashes on
the display, indicating that the number mode is enabled.
155
To cancel the number mode, press
Shift Cancel .
3 Set the units to the desired value.
At this point, the function generator outputs the displayed dc voltage.
Notice that the
Offset annunciator turns on (all other annunciators
are off), indicating that a dc voltage is being output. The annunciator
will turn on when the offset is any value other than 0 volts.
+155.0 mVDC
1
You can also use the knob and arrow keys to enter a number.
See “Front-Panel Number Entry” on page 3 for more information.
24
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To store the instrument state
To store the instrument state
You can store up to three different instrument states in non-volatile
memory. This enables you to recall the entire instrument configuration
with just a few key presses from the front panel. The following steps
show you how to store and recall a state.
1 Set up the function generator to the desired configuration.
The state storage feature “remembers” the function, frequency,
amplitude, dc offset, duty cycle, as well as any modulation parameters.
1
∧
Enter
Store Shift
2 Turn on the state storage mode.
Three memory locations (numbered 1, 2, and 3) are available to store
instrument configurations. The instrument configuration is stored in
non-volatile memory and is remembered when power has been off.
STORE 1
This message appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds.
Repeat this step as needed.
3 Store the instrument state in memory location “2”.
1
Use the up and down arrow keys to select the memory location.
STORE 2
To cancel the store operation, press
Shift Store again or let the
display time-out after 10 seconds.
4 Save the instrument state.
The instrument state is now stored. To recall the stored state, turn to the
next page.
1
You can also use the knob or “enter number” mode to enter a memory location.
See “Front-Panel Number Entry” on page 3 for more information.
25
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To store the instrument state
To verify that the state was stored properly, you can turn the power off
before recalling the state.
Recall
Enter
5 Recall the stored instrument state.
To recall the stored state, you must use the same memory location used
previously to store the state. Use the up and down arrow keys to change
the displayed storage location.
RECALL 2
To cancel the restore operation, press
Recall again.
This message appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds.
Repeat this step as needed.
6 Restore the instrument state.
The function generator should now be configured in the same state as
when you stored the setup on the previous page.
When power is turned off, the function generator automatically stores
its state in memory location “0”. You can recall the power-down state,
but you cannot store the state to location “0” from the front panel.
Use the POWER ON LAST STATE command in the SYS MENU to
automatically recall the power-down state when power is turned on.
See chapter 2 for more information on using the front-panel menus.
26
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To rack mount the function generator
To rack mount the function generator
You can mount the function generator in a standard 19-inch rack
cabinet using one of three optional kits available. Instructions and
mounting hardware are included with each rack-mounting kit.
HP System II instrument of the same size can be rack-mounted
Any
beside the HP 33120A Function Generator.
Remove the carrying handle, and the front and rear rubber bumpers,
before rack-mounting the function generator.
1
To remove the handle, rotate it to the vertical position and pull the ends outward.
Front Rear (bottom view)
To remove the rubber bumper, stretch a corner and then slide it off.
27
Chapter 1 Quick Start
To rack mount the function generator
To rack mount a single instrument, order adapter kit 5063- 9240.
To rack mount two instruments side-by-side, order lock-link kit 5061-9694
and flange kit 5063- 9212.
To instal l one or two instr uments in a slidin g support shelf, or der shelf 5063-9 255,
and slide kit 1494-0015 (for a single instrument, also order filler panel 5002-3999).
28
2
2
Front-Panel
Menu Operation
Front-Panel Menu Operation
By now you should be familiar with some of the basic features of the
front panel. Chapter 1 shows you how to prepare the function generator
for use and describes a few of the front-panel features. If you are not
familiar with this information, we recommend that you read chapter 1,
“Quick Start,” starting on page 13.
Chapter 2 introduces you to the use of the front-panel menu. This chapter
does not give a detailed description of every front-panel key or menu
operation. It does, however, give you a good overview of the front-panel
menu and many front-panel operations. See chapter 3 “Features and
Functions,” starting on page 53, for a complete discussion of the function
generator’s capabilities and operation.
If you purchased the Phase-Lock Option for the HP 33120A,
an additional menu
For information on using the Phase-Lock Option, refer to the User’s and
Service Guide included with Option 001.
(G: PHASE MENU) is available from the front panel.
30
Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation
Front-panel menu reference
Front-panel menu reference
A: MODulation MENU
1: AM SHAPE 2: AM SOURCE 3: FM SHAPE 4: BURST CNT 5: BURST RATE
1: AM SHAPE
2: AM SOURCE
3: FM SHAPE
4: BURST CNT
5: BURST RATE
6: BURST PHAS
7: BURST SRC
8: FSK FREQ
9: FSK RATE
10: FSK SRC
Selects the shape of the AM modulating waveform.
Enables or disables the internal AM modulating source.
Selects the shape of the FM modulating waveform.
Sets the number of cycles per burst (1 to 50,000 cycles).
Sets the burst rate in Hz for an internal burst source.
Sets the starting phase angle of a burst (-360 to +360 degrees).
Selects an internal or external gate source for burst modulation.
Sets the FSK “hop” frequency.
Selects the internal FSK rate between the carrier and FSK frequency.
Selects an internal or external source for the FSK rate.
B: SWP (Sweep) MENU
1: START F 2: STOP F 3: SWP TIME 4: SWP MODE
1: START F
2: STOP F
3: SWP TIME
4: SWP MODE
C: EDIT MENU
1: NEW ARB [ 2: POINTS ] [ 3: LINE EDIT ] [ 4: POINT EDIT ] [ 5: INVERT ] [ 6: SAVE AS ] 7: DELETE
*
Sets the start frequency in Hz for sweeping.
Sets the stop frequency in Hz for sweeping.
Sets the repetition rate in seconds for sweeping.
Selects linear or logarithmic sweeping.
1: NEW ARB
2: POINTS
3: LINE EDIT
4: POINT EDIT
5: INVERT
6: SAVE AS
7: DELETE
The commands enclosed in square brackets ( [ ] ) are “hidden” until you make a selection from the NEW ARB command
*
to initiate a new edit session.
Initiates a new arb waveform or loads the selected arb waveform.
Sets the number of points in a new arb waveform (8 to 16,000 points).
Performs a linear interpolation between two points in the arb waveform.
Edits the individual points of the selected arb waveform.
Inverts the selected arb waveform by changing the sign of each point.
Saves the current arb waveform in non-volatile memory.
Deletes the selected arb waveform from non-volatile memory.
31
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