Hafler P4000 Owners Manual
P4000
PROFESSIONAL POWER AMPL
Installation & Operation
®
®
trans
nova
DESIGNED AND
ASSEMBLED IN THE
USA
PROFESSIONAL POWER AMPLIFIER
NOTICE - IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol within an equilateral
triangle is intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
WARNING:
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.
TO PREVENT FIRE OR SHOCK HAZARD
!
"dangerous voltage" within the product's enclosure, that may be of
sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons.
The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert
the user of the presence of important operating and maintenance
(servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance.
1. READ INSTRUCTIONS
All the safety and operating instructions of your Hafler equipment
should be read before power is applied to the equipment.
2. RETAIN OWNER'S MANUAL
These safety and operating instructions should be retained for
future reference.
3. HEED WARNINGS
All warnings on the equipment and in the operating instructions
are important and should be followed.
4. FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS
All operating and use instructions are important and should be
followed.
5. HEAT
The equipment should be kept away from areas of high temperature, i.e., heater vents, radiators, stoves/ovens, fireplaces, etc.
6. VENTILATION
The equipment should be used in an area suitable for proper
ventilation. Care should be taken not to impede airflow in and
around the cabinet.
7. WATER AND MOISTURE
The equipment should not be used in or around water, such as a
bathtub, sink, or swimming area. Also, the equipment should not
be used in areas prone to flooding, such as a basement.
the same three wire grounded connection. It is important that the
blades of the equipment’s plug be able to fully insert into the
mating receptacle. Never remove the round grounding pin on
the plug in an attempt to mate to a two wire ungrounded
receptacle: use a grounding adaptor with the grounding tab or
wire suitably connected to earth ground.
11. NON-USE PERIODS
During periods of extended non-use, the power cord should be
unplugged from the power source.
12. CLEANING
The equipment should be cleaned only as detailed in the operating instructions.
13. OBJECT AND LIQUID ENTRY
Care should be taken so that objects and/or liquids, such as
cleaning fluids or beverages, are not spilled into the enclosure of
the equipment.
14. DAMAGE REQUIRING SERVICE
Hafler equipment should be serviced by qualified service personnel when:
A. The power supply cord or plug has been damaged, or
B. Objects have fallen onto, or liquid has been spilled into the
equipment, or
8. POWER SOURCES
The equipment should be connected only to a power source of
the same voltage and frequency as that listed on the rear panel
above the power cord entry point.
9. POWER CORD PROTECTION
Power cords should be arranged so they do not interfere with the
movement of objects in the room: people, fan blades, utility carts,
etc. Also, care should be taken that the cord is not pinched or cut,
and placed so it is not in danger of being pinched or cut, as in
under a rug, around a tight corner, etc.
10. POWER CORD GROUNDING
The power supply cord is of a three wire grounded type, designed
to reduce the risk of electric shock sustained from a live cabinet.
It is assumed to be of suitable length for most uses of the
equipment. The use of extension cords and power strips is
discouraged unless they are of suitable rating to deliver the
required total current for safe operation of all connected equipment. Furthermore, extension cords or power strips must provide
C. The equipment has been exposed to rain, or
D. The equipment does not appear to operate normally or
exhibits a marked change in performance, or
E. The equipment has been dropped, or the enclosure has
been damaged.
15. SERVICING
The user should not attempt to service the equipment beyond that
which is described in the operating instructions. All other service
should be referred to qualified service personnel.
16. CARTS AND STANDS
The equipment should be used with carts or stands only of
sufficient strength and stability for the use intended.
An equipment and cart combination should be moved with care.
Quick stops and starts, excessive force, and uneven surfaces may
cause the equipment and cart combination to topple.
– i –
P ERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
P4000
Power Rating: FTC (20Hz-20kHz, 0.2% THD)
200 wpc into 8Ω
275 wpc into 4Ω
550 wpc into 8Ω (bridged mono)
Signal-to-Noise Ratio: 100dB below rated output from 20Hz-20kHz “A” Weighted
Frequency Response: 20Hz-20kHz, ±0.1dB
Bandwidth: 0.2Hz-200kHz, +0/–3dB
Slew Rate: 100 V/µs
CMRR: >75dB at 1kHz
Input Impedance: 47,000Ω per phase balanced
Input Sensitivity Range: 710mV to 4V (@ 8Ω) per phase balanced
592mV to 4V (@ 4Ω) per phase balanced
In/Out Gain: +29dB maximum, –29dB minimum
Gain Control Range: 58dB
Damping Factor: 500 (to 1kHz); 150 (to 10kHz); 18 (to 100kHz)
Power Consumption: 120W / 1A @ 120VAC (Idle Power)
(Both Channels Driven) 250W / 2.1A @ 120 VAC (1/8 Power – 8Ω)
720W / 6A @ 120 VAC (Max. Power – 8Ω)
Controls & Switches: Front Panel Gain Control, Power Switch
Indicators: Signal LED, Clip LED, Thermal LED, Short LED, Line Power LED
Connectors: XLR & 1/4" combo input
5-way Binding Post output
IEC Standard Line input
Dimensions: 19"W x 11"D x 5-1⁄4"H (3-rack spaces)
(48.26cm x 27.94cm x 13.34cm)
Net Weight: 34 lbs. (15.42kg)
17.00
10.97
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P4000 trans•
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– ii –
T ABLE OF CONTENTS
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ........................................................................................................................................... i
PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................................... ii
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 1
FRONT & REAR PANEL VIEW ................................................................................................................................2
INSTALLATION
Location ........................................................................................................................................................... 3
AC Line ............................................................................................................................................................ 3
Input................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Output Connections ......................................................................................................................................... 4
Monophonic Use.............................................................................................................................................. 4
OPERATION
Power Switch ................................................................................................................................................... 6
Level Controls .................................................................................................................................................. 6
Input Configuration Switch ............................................................................................................................... 6
Ground Switch ................................................................................................................................................. 7
Short Circuit Protection .................................................................................................................................... 7
LED Indicators .................................................................................................................................................. 7
Warm Up ......................................................................................................................................................... 7
Cleaning and Maintenance ............................................................................................................................... 7
TECHNICAL REFERENCE
Field Service Considerations ............................................................................................................................. 8
Theory and Operation of trans•
P4000 Functional Block Diagram ..................................................................................................................... 9
Schematic Diagram ........................................................................................................................................ 10
PC Board Layout............................................................................................................................................. 10
Parts List ......................................................................................................................................................... 13
Circuit Operation ........................................................................................................................................... 15
Amplifier Module Replacement ...................................................................................................................... 18
WARRANTY ......................................................................................................................................................... 19
nova ................................................................................................................
8
I NTRODUCTION
The Hafler P4000 is a three rack height, two channel professional power amplifier suitable for use in any
situation where a moderately powered compact amplifier is required. The P4000 is particularly attractive for
use in monitoring situations. Our trans•nova circuit topology and MOSFET output stage ensures trouble-free,
long term operation and is backed by our five year warranty.
This manual contains information on using the P4000 amplifier. It is organized into three main sections.
“Installation” covers the location and connection of the amplifier in the system. Like many precision
components, careful attention to the initial setup can yield dividends in higher performance and trouble-free
use. “Operation” covers the controls and features of the amplifiers and how to use them to get the best effect.
The “Technical Reference” section contains field service information; in addition to the schematic and parts
list there are block diagrams and circuit operation explanations useful for technicians. We strongly urge
reading over the Installation and Operation portions of this manual before putting the amplifier into service.
The circuitry used in the Hafler Professional power amplifiers is our trans•nova (TRANSconductance Nodal
Voltage Amplifier, U.S. Patent 4,467,288) circuit. The P4000 also utilizes our proprietary DIAMOND
(Dynamically Invariant AMplification Optimized Nodal Drive, patent pending) transconductance driver stage
which combines the linearity of Class A operation with the current headroom of a Class B system. When
combined with the robust output stage used in the P4000, DIAMOND yields lower high frequency distortion
without the sonic degradations associated with increasing the negative feedback. We have been using
MOSFETs in our power amplifiers since the 1970's. During this time they have proven to be extremely fault
tolerant, even in abusive situations. This ruggedness enables the amplifier to drive reactive speaker loads
without the performance and sound degradations imposed by elaborate Safe Operating Area protection
schemes.
Other specialized circuits which prevent damage to the amplifier and speakers have been carefully implemented. A soft start circuit prevents sending potentially destructive turn-on and turn-off transients to the
speakers. A thermal sensing network continuously monitors the heatsink temperature and shuts down the
amplifier to protect it from excessive operating heat. The need for internal fuses has been eliminated; a sensing
circuit monitors the output and shuts down operation when it detects a short at the output.
Each channel of the amplifier has been built as a self-contained module. This modular arrangement simplifies
construction and improves service accessibility. The circuit board assembly makes extensive use of surface
mount components in the low power portion of the audio circuitry. Automated equipment is used to place and
solder the components which yields greater uniformity and reliability.
The front panel has controls for input level adjustment and the power switch. In addition, LED indicators give
a visual representation of the operating status of each channel. The THERMAL and SHORT indicators light to
show when these protection circuits have been activated. The CLIP indicator helps prevent damaging the
speaker by showing when the amplifier is overdriven. The SIGNAL indicator lights to show the presence of an
audio signal.
– 1 –
channel 2
Bridged
Mono
Normal
P4000 trans•
nova
®
6
4
2
8
0
10
6
4
2
8
0
10
signal
clipping
thermal
short
thermal
clipping
signal
short
channel 1
CH 2
120 V~
60Hz
520W
CH 1 (Mono)
A Division of Rockford Corp.
Tempe, AZ 85281 U.S.A.
Made in the U.S.A.
Audio Ground
Chass. Float
CH 1
– +
8Ω
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
WARNING: DO NOT REMOVE COVER
TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.
!
XLR Connections
3
21
+
–
Phone Connections
+
–
CH 2
– +
– +
Mono
125 V T15A
®
4–8Ω
4–8Ω
PUSH
PUSH
Attention: Utiliser un fusible de rechange de même type.
CAUTION: For continued protection from risk of fire,
replace only with same type and rating of fuse.
Class 2
Wiring
230 V~
50/60Hz
510W
T6.3AL 250V
MODEL P4000CE
Front Panel View
Rear Panel View
– 2 –
I NSTALLATION
LOCATION
The P4000 power transformer can generate a substantial magnetic field, so caution should be exercised in the
placement of low level components such as a tape deck, mixer or mic preamp to avoid inducing noise in the low
level circuitry. The amplifiers can also produce considerable heat in normal operation so the primary consideration
when determining a location for the amplifiers is to allow for adequate ventilation. The large heatsinks provide
unrestricted airflow, but care must be taken to keep the slots in the bottom panel and top cover clear. If the amplifier
is mounted in an equipment rack, make sure adjacent equipment does not impede cool air flow.
Rack systems should have two fans 4" to 5" in from the front of the amplifier blowing upward.
!
Los sistemas empotrados en gabinetes (rack), deben tener dos (2) ventiladores soplando hacia arriba, ubicados
!
de 10 a 12.5 ctms. detrás del frente del amplificador.
Les chaines stéreo Rack devraient avoir deux ventillateurs placés à 4 ou 5 centimètres, en face de l'amplificateur.
!
Rack Systeme sollten zwei eingebaute Ventilatoren haben, die Luft von oben auf den Verstärker leiten. Die
!
Ventilatoren sollten ca. 10-20cm hinter der Front des Verstärkers angebracht werden.
Per i sistemi ad armadio sono necessari due ventilatori direzionati in su collocati dai 10 ai 13 centimetri davanti
!
all'amplificatore.
Inadequate ventilation can shorten component life, especially when other equipment raises the ambient air
temperature, so circulating fans should be considered in tight quarters.
4" to 5"
(from fan center)
(Bottom View)
Fan center approximately in line with edge of unit and starting of heatsink fins
• Fans placed 4" to 5" from front of unit
• Fans placed under the unit pointing upwards
• Recommended P4000 fan is 50cfm x 2
AC LINE
The P4000 amplifier operates from a 120 volt, 60Hz AC power line. Connection is made by a 16 gauge, IEC Type
320, grounded line cord. For safety considerations only a properly grounded (earthed) receptacle should be used.
If a grounded circuit is not available, do not break off the ground pin; use the proper adapter plug for a two wire
receptacle. Mounted on the rear panel is the line fuse which interrupts the power to the amplifier. If this fuse blows
replace it only with the same type and rating fuse. The correct replacement fuse value is printed on the rear panel
of the amplifier. If the new fuse blows, this is an indication of a fault with the amplifier. Servicing should be
performed only by a qualified technician.
– 3 –
INPUT
The input jacks located on the back of the amplifier are dual function connectors which accept 1/4" Phone (Tip
Ring Sleeve) or XLR plugs. The 1/4" Phone jack is connected according to conventional usage. The XLR jack is
connected according to the IEC and AES standard.
XLR Balanced Input
Check output of source unit for proper signal polarity
INPUT FROM
SOURCE
Pin 1 = GND
Pin 2 = (+)
Pin 3 = (–)
1
2
GND
–
3
+
Check output of source unit for proper signal polarity
Tip = (+)
Ring = (–)
Sleeve = GND
1/4" TRS Balanced Input
INPUT
+
–
SHIELD
FROM
SOURCE
Many popular mixers use unbalanced outputs and can be used with the Hafler amplifier. To minimize residual
ground noise, we recommend using twisted pair cable or short cable lengths in this type of configuration.
XLR Unbalanced Input
Connect (–) and GND (shield) terminals at
prevent unstable amplifier operation
INPUT FROM
both ends
of cable to
1/4" TRS Unbalanced Input
INPUT
FROM
SOURCE
SOURCE
Pin 1 = GND
Pin 2 = (+)
Pin 3 = GND
1
3
2
SHIELD
+
Tip = (+)
Sleeve = GND
+
SHIELD
OUTPUT CONNECTIONS
The speaker output connectors are dual binding posts. These binding posts will directly accept 12 AWG wire
or banana plugs and are spaced on 3/4" centers to accept dual banana plugs.
MONOPHONIC USE
For systems with high power requirements, the amplifiers can be configured for single channel bridged mono
operation. To bridge the amplifier, set the front panel Normal/Bridged Mono switch to the Bridged Mono
position. Only the Channel 1 input and level control is used. The speaker is connected to the RED output binding
posts.
– 4 –
When the amplifier is bridged the output is floating. Any speaker which requires a common ground from
!
the amplifier output cannot be used in this application.
Cuando el amplificador esté en modo puente (bridge), la salida del mismo es flotante (sin neutro).
!
Cualquier parlante que necesite una tierra común de la salida del amplificador, no puede ser usado cuando
el modo puente esté activado.
Lorsque l'amplificateur est relié, la puissance de rendement est émise. Tout haut-parleur nécessitant
!
l'utilisation d'une même fiche que celle de l'amplificateur, ne peut pas être utilisé dans cette application.
Wenn der Verstärker gebrückt wird, ist der Ausgang schwimmend geerdet. Alle Lautsprecher, die
!
allgemeine Masse vom Verstärker nutzen, können in dieser Konfiguration nicht eingesetzt werden.
Nel caso di un'amplificatore ostruito, l'uscita é fluttuante non utilizzare in questa applicazione un
!
altoparlante che richiede la messa a terra in comune con l'uscita dell'amplificatore.
Since a bridged amplifier shares the load between the two channels, each channel will effectively drive half
!
of the load. Therefore, for bridged mono operation we recommend using an eight ohm load as the
minimum impedance.
Ya que un amplificador en puente comparte la carga entre los dos canales, cada canal manejará
!
efectivamente la mitad de la carga. Por lo que, para la operación en modo puente (mono) recomendamos
el uso de una carga de ocho ohmios como la mínima impedancia.
Étant donné que l'amplificateur, une fois connecté, distribue la même charge entre les deux canaux,
!
chaque canal conduira, de façon efficace, la moitié de la charge. C'est pourquoi, pour les opérations
conduites en “mono”, nous recommandons l'utilisation d'une charge de huit ohm comme impédance
minimale.
Wird der Verstärker gebrückt, “sieht” dieser nur die halbe angelegte Last. Aus diesem Grund geben wir für
!
die gebrückte mono Operation eine minimale Last von 8 Ohm vor.
Visto che un'amplificatore ostruito divide il carico tra i due canali, ogni singolo canale in effetti conduce
!
meta del carico. Quindi, per il funzionamento monofonico ostruito dell'amplificatore si raccomanda
l'utilizzo di un carico di 8 ohm impedenza minima.
– 5 –
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