Furuno FAR-2107-BB, FAR-2807 User Manual

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Page 1

OPERATOR'S MANUAL

MARINE RADAR

FAR-2807 Series

MODEL

FAR-2107(-BB) Series

Complies with IMO MSC.192(79)

www.furuno.co.jp

Page 2

9-52 Ashihara-cho,

00017457512

**00017457512

Nishinomiya, 662-8580, JAPAN

Telephone : +81-(0)798-65-2111 Fax :+81-(0)798-65-4200

The paper used in this manual is elemental chlorine free.

・FURUNO Authorized Distributor/Dealer

Pub. No. OME-35190-P

(DAMI ) FAR-2107/2807 SER.

Printed in Japan

A : JAN 2004

P : APR . 08, 2011

*00017457512**00017457512*

* 0 0 0 1 7 4 5 7 5 1 2 *

Page 3

IMPORTANT NOTICES

General

• The operator of this equipment must read and follow the descriptions in this manual.

Wrong operation or maintenance can cancel the warranty or cause injury.

• Do not copy any part of this manual without written permission from FURUNO.

• If this manual is lost or worn, contact your dealer about replacement.

• The contents of this manual and equipment specifications can change without notice.

• The example screens (or illustrations) shown in this manual can be different from the

screens you see on your display. The screens you see depend on your system configuration and equipment settings.

• Save this manual for future reference.

• Any modification of the equipment (including software) by persons not authorized by

FURUNO will cancel the warranty.

• All brand and product names are trademarks, registered trademarks or service marks of

their respective holders.

How to discard this product

Discard this product according to local regulations for the disposal of industrial waste. For disposal in the USA, see the homepage of the Electronics Industries Alliance (http://www.eiae.org/) for the correct method of disposal.

How to discard a used battery

Some FURUNO products have a battery(ies). To see if your product has a battery, see the chapter on Maintenance. Follow the instructions below if a battery is used. Tape the + and terminals of battery before disposal to prevent fire, heat generation caused by short circuit.

In the European Union

The crossed-out trash can symbol indicates that all types of batteries must not be discarded in standard trash, or at a trash site. Take the used batteries to a battery collection site according to your national legislation and the Batteries Directive 2006/66/EU.

In the USA

The Mobius loop symbol (three chasing arrows) indicates that Ni-Cd and lead-acid rechargeable batteries must be recycled. Take the used batteries to a battery collection site according to local laws.

In the other countries

There are no international standards for the battery recycle symbol. The number of symbols can increase when the other countries make their own recycling symbols in the future.

Page 4

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

The operator and installer must read the applicable safety instructions before attempting to install or operate the equipment.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided,

DANGER

WARNING

CAUTION

Warning, Caution

will result in death or serious injury.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, can result in minor or moderate injury.

Prohibitive Action

Mandatory Action

WARNING

Radio Frequency Radiation Hazard

The radar antenna emits electromagnetic radio frequency (RF) energy which can be harmful, particularly to your eyes. Never look directly into the antenna aperture from a close distance while the radar ius in operation or eexpose yourself to the transmitting antenna at a close distance. Distances at which RF radiation level of 100, 50 and 10 W/m are given in the table below.

Note: If the antenna unit is installed at a close distance in front of the wheel house, your administration may require halt of transmission within a certain sector of antenna revolution. This is possible. Ask your FURUNO representive or dealer to provide this feature.

Radar model

FAR-2117 FAR-2117-BB FAR-2817

FAR-2127 FAR-2127-BB FAR-2827

FAR-2137S, FAR-2137S-BB FAR-2837S

FAR-2827W

FAR-2837SW

Transceiver

RTR-078A

RTR-079A MG5436

RTR-080

RTR-081A

RTR-082

Magnetron

MAF1565N

MG5223F

MG5436

MG5223F

Antenna

XN12AF XN20AF XN24AF

SN30AF SN36AF

XN20AF XN24AF 0.2m 3.4m SN36AF

100W/m

0.3m

0.1m

0.9m

0.5m

0.2m

0.1m

0.4m

50W/m

1.2m

0.7m

0.4m

2.6m

1.7m

1.0m

0.7m

1.0m

0.5m

0.2m

10W/m

3.7m

2.2m

1.5m

9.0m

4.6m

3.3m

2.4m

2.0m

5.6m

1.9m

XN12AF: 120cm, XN20AF: 198cm, XN24AF: 243cm, SN30AF: 309cm, SN36AF: 377cm

Page 5

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

WARNING

ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD

Do not open the equipment.

Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.

Turn off the radar power switch before servicing the antenna unit. Post a warning sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the antenna unit is being serviced.

Prevent the potential risk of being struck by the rotating antenna and exposure to RF radiation hazard.

Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the antenna unit.

Serious injury or death can result if someone falls from the radar antenna mast.

WARNING

Use the proper fuse.

Use of a wrong fuse can result in damage to the equipment or cause fire.

Keep heater away from equipment.

Heat can alter equipment shape and melt the power cord, which can cause fire or electrical shock.

Do not place liquid-filled containers near the equipment.

Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid spills into the equipment.

Do not operate the equipment with wet hands.

Electrical shock can result.

Before servicing the radar, turn off the appropriate external breaker.

Power is not removed from the radar simply by turning off its power switch.

Do not disassemble or modify the equipment.

Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can result.

Immediately turn off the power at the ship's mains switchboard if water leaks into the equipment or the equipment is emitting smoke or fire.

Continued use can cause fatal damage to the equipment.

iii

Page 6

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

WARNING

No one navigational aid should be relied upon for the safety of vessel and crew. The navigator has the responsibility to check all aids available to confirm position. Electronic aids are not a substitute for basic navigational principles and common sense.

• This TT automatically tracks automatically or manually acquired radar targets and calculates their courses and speeds, indicating them by vectors. Since the data generated by the auto plotter are based on what radar targets are selected, the radar must always be optimally tuned for use with the auto plotter, to ensure required targets will not be lost or unwanted targets such as sea returns and noise will not be acquired and tracked.

• A target does not always mean a land mass, reef, ships or other surface vessels but can imply returns from sea surface and clutter. As the level of clutter changes with environment, the operator should properly adjust the A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and GAIN controls to be sure target echoes are not eliminated from the radar screen.

CAUTION

The plotting accuracy and response of this TT meets IMO standards. Tracking accuracy is affected by the following:

• Tracking accuracy is affected by course change. One to two minutes is required to restore vectors to full accuracy after an abrupt course change. (The actual amount depends on gyrocompass specifications.)

• The amount of tracking delay is inversely proportional to the relative speed of the target. Delay is on the order of 15—30 seconds for high relative speed; 30—60 seconds for low relative speed.

• Display accuracy is affected by the following:

- Echo intensity

- Radar transmission pulsewidth

- Radar bearing error

- Gyrocompass error

- Course change (own ship and target)

The data generated by TT, AIS and video plotter are intended for reference only.

Refer to official nautical charts for detailed and up-to-date information.

WARNING LABEL Warning labels are attached to the equipment. Do not remove any label. If a label is missing or damaged, contact a FURUNO agent or dealer about replacement.

WARNING

To avoid electrical shock, do not remove cover. No user-serviceable parts inside.

WARNING

Radiation hazard. Only qualified personnel should work inside scanner. Confirm that TX has stopped before opening scanner.

DISPLAY UNIT, PROCESSOR UNIT

Name: Warning Label (1) Type: 86-003-1011-1 Code No.: 100-236-231

ANTENNA UNIT

Name: Radiation Warning Label Type: Code No.: 100-266-890

03-142-3201-0

Page 7

FOREWORD ........................................................................................................ xi

PROGRAM NUMBER ......................................................................................... xv

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION.............................................................................. xvi

1. RADAR OPERATION.................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Turning on the Power .................................................................................................. 1-1

1.2 Transmitter ON ............................................................................................................ 1-1

1.3 Control Unit ................................................................................................................. 1-3

1.4 Main Menu................................................................................................................... 1-5

1.5 Operation by the On-Screen Boxes ............................................................................ 1-7

1.6 Cursor Menu.............................................................................................................. 1-10

1.7 Monitor Brilliance ........................................................................................................1-11

1.8 Display Modes ........................................................................................................... 1-12

1.9 On-Screen Boxes and Markers ................................................................................. 1-13

1.10 Tuning the Receiver .................................................................................................. 1-15

1.10.1 Choosing the tuning method........................................................................... 1-15

1.10.2 Initializing tuning ............................................................................................. 1-15

1.10.3 Automatic tuning ............................................................................................. 1-16

1.10.4 Manual tuning ................................................................................................. 1-16

1.11 Aligning Heading with Gyrocompass......................................................................... 1-16

1.12 Presentation Modes................................................................................................... 1-17

1.12.1 Choosing presentation mode.......................................................................... 1-17

1.12.2 Description of presentation modes ................................................................. 1-18

1.13 Entering Own Ship's Speed....................................................................................... 1-22

1.13.1 Automatic speed input by log or GPS navigator ............................................. 1-22

1.13.2 Manual speed input ........................................................................................ 1-23

1.14 Choosing a Range Scale........................................................................................... 1-23

1.15 Choosing a Pulselength ............................................................................................ 1-24

1.15.1 Choosing a pulselength .................................................................................. 1-24

1.15.2 Changing pulselength ..................................................................................... 1-25

1.16 Adjusting the Sensitivity ............................................................................................ 1-26

1.17 Reducing Sea Clutter ................................................................................................ 1-27

1.17.1 Choosing method of adjustment ..................................................................... 1-27

1.17.2 Automatic reduction of sea clutter .................................................................. 1-27

1.17.3 Manual reduction of sea clutter....................................................................... 1-28

1.18 Reducing Rain Clutter ............................................................................................... 1-29

1.18.1 Automatic reduction of rain clutter .................................................................. 1-29

1.18.2 Manual reduction of rain clutter ...................................................................... 1-29

1.19 Measuring Range ...................................................................................................... 1-31

1.19.1 Showing, hiding the fixed range rings............................................................. 1-31

1.19.2 Measuring range by the variable range marker (VRM)................................... 1-32

1.19.3 VRM unit of measurement (B and C types) .................................................... 1-33

1.19.4 TTG to VRM indication ................................................................................... 1-33

1.20 Measuring Bearing .................................................................................................... 1-34

1.20.1 Measuring bearing .......................................................................................... 1-34

1.20.2 True or relative bearing................................................................................... 1-35

1.21 Collision Assessment by Offset EBL ......................................................................... 1-36

1.21.1 How to assess risk of collision by the offset EBL............................................ 1-36

1.21.2 Point of reference for origin point of offset EBL .............................................. 1-37

Page 8

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.22 Measuring Range and Bearing Between Two Targets ...............................................1-38

1.23 Target Alarm ...............................................................................................................1-39

1.23.1 How to set a target alarm ................................................................................1-39

1.23.2 Acknowledging the target alarm ......................................................................1-40

1.23.3 Deactivating a target alarm..............................................................................1-40

1.23.4 Target alarm attributes.....................................................................................1-41

1.24 Off-Centering the Display...........................................................................................1-42

1.25 Interference Rejector..................................................................................................1-43

1.26 Echo Stretch...............................................................................................................1-43

1.27 Echo Averaging..........................................................................................................1-44

1.28 Noise Rejector............................................................................................................1-45

1.29 Wiper..........................................................................................................................1-46

1.30 Target Trails ...............................................................................................................1-47

1.30.1 True or relative trails........................................................................................1-47

1.30.2 Trail time..........................................................................................................1-48

1.30.3 Trail gradation..................................................................................................1-48

1.30.4 Saving, copying target trails ............................................................................1-49

1.30.5 Trail level .........................................................................................................1-50

1.30.6 Narrow trails (B, C and W types).....................................................................1-50

1.30.7 Longer trails (B, C and W types) .....................................................................1-51

1.30.8 Temporarily removing trails from the display ...................................................1-51

1.30.9 Trail stabilization in true motion.......................................................................1-51

1.30.10 Erasing trails..................................................................................................1-51

1.31 PI (Parallel Index) Lines.............................................................................................1-52

1.31.1 Displaying, erasing PI lines .............................................................................1-52

1.31.2 Adjusting PI line orientation, PI line interval ....................................................1-53

1.31.3 PI line bearing reference .................................................................................1-53

1.31.4 Maximum number of PI lines to display...........................................................1-54

1.31.5 PI line orientation.............................................................................................1-54

1.31.6 Resetting PI lines ............................................................................................1-54

1.32 Origin Mark ................................................................................................................1-55

1.32.1 Entering origin marks ......................................................................................1-55

1.32.2 Origin mark stabilization ..................................................................................1-57

1.32.3 Deleting individual origin marks.......................................................................1-57

1.33 Zoom..........................................................................................................................1-58

1.34 Markers ......................................................................................................................1-59

1.34.1 Heading line ....................................................................................................1-59

1.34.2 Stern marker....................................................................................................1-59

1.34.3 North marker ...................................................................................................1-59

1.34.4 Own ship symbol .............................................................................................1-60

1.34.5 Barge marker...................................................................................................1-61

1.34.6 INS marker ......................................................................................................1-61

1.35

Automatic Picture Setup According to Navigation Purpose .......................................1-62

1.35.1 Selecting a picture setup option ......................................................................1-64

1.35.2 Programming and saving picture setups .........................................................1-64

1.35.3 Restoring user settings....................................................................................1-66

1.35.4 Restoring default picture setup options ...........................................................1-66

1.35.5 Disabling unnecessary picture setups.............................................................1-67

1.36 Function Keys ............................................................................................................1-68

1.36.1 Activating function keys...................................................................................1-68

1.36.2 Programming function keys.............................................................................1-68

1.37 Ship’s Position............................................................................................................1-72

1.38 Second-trace Echoes.................................................................................................1-74

Page 9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.39 Brilliance of Screen Data........................................................................................... 1-75

1.40 Watch Alarm .............................................................................................................. 1-76

1.41 Nav Data ................................................................................................................... 1-77

1.42 Text Window .............................................................................................................. 1-79

1.43 Customizing Operation.............................................................................................. 1-81

1.44 Alert Box.................................................................................................................... 1-83

1.44.1 Alarm description ............................................................................................ 1-84

1.44.2 Alarm list ......................................................................................................... 1-87

1.44.3 Outputting alarm signals ................................................................................. 1-88

1.44.4 Primary alarm ................................................................................................. 1-89

1.45 Interswitch ................................................................................................................. 1-90

1.45.1 Displaying antenna information ...................................................................... 1-90

1.45.2 Presetting antenna and display combinations ................................................ 1-91

1.45.3 Selecting an antenna ...................................................................................... 1-93

1.46 Cursor Data ............................................................................................................... 1-93

1.47 Performance Monitor................................................................................................. 1-94

1.47.1 Activating, deactivating the performance monitor........................................... 1-94

1.47.2 Checking radar performance .......................................................................... 1-94

1.48 Own Ship Marker....................................................................................................... 1-96

1.49 Color and Brilliance Sets ........................................................................................... 1-97

1.49.1 Selecting color and brilliance set .................................................................... 1-97

1.49.2 Presetting color and brilliance set................................................................... 1-97

1.50 Reference Position .................................................................................................... 1-99

1.51 Switching Hub HUB-100 (option) ............................................................................ 1-101

1.52 Anchor Watch.......................................................................................................... 1-102

1.53 Drop Mark................................................................................................................ 1-103

1.53.1 Activating the drop mark feature................................................................... 1-103

1.53.2 Inscribing a drop mark .................................................................................. 1-104

1.53.3 Erasing a drop mark ..................................................................................... 1-104

1.54 Sub Monitor (B, C and W types) .............................................................................. 1-105

1.55 Net Cursor ............................................................................................................... 1-106

2. RADAR OBSERVATION ............................................................................... 2-1

2.1 General........................................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1.1 Minimum and maximum ranges........................................................................ 2-1

2.2 False Echoes............................................................................................................... 2-3

2.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder)................................................................... 2-5

2.3.1 SART description.............................................................................................. 2-5

2.3.2 Showing SART marks on the radar display ...................................................... 2-6

2.3.3 General remarks on receiving SARTs............................................................... 2-7

2.4 RACON ....................................................................................................................... 2-8

2.5 Radar Target Enhancer (RTE)..................................................................................... 2-8

3. TARGET TRACKING (TT).............................................................................3-1

3.1 Usage Precautions ...................................................................................................... 3-1

3.2 Controls for TT............................................................................................................. 3-2

3.3 Activating, Deactivating TT.......................................................................................... 3-3

3.4 Entering Own Ship's Speed......................................................................................... 3-3

3.4.1 Echo-referenced speed input............................................................................ 3-3

3.5 Automatic Acquisition .................................................................................................. 3-5

3.5.1 Enabling auto acquisition.................................................................................. 3-5

3.5.2 Terminating tracking of targets (including reference targets) ............................ 3-6

vii

Page 10

TABLE OF CONTENTS

3.6 Manual Acquisition .......................................................................................................3-7

3.6.1 Setting manual acquisition conditions ...............................................................3-7

3.6.2 Manually acquiring targets.................................................................................3-7

3.7 Lost Target ...................................................................................................................3-9

3.7.1 Setting the lost target filter.................................................................................3-9

3.7.2 Enabling, disabling the lost target alarm............................................................3-9

3.8 TT Symbols and Attributes.........................................................................................3-10

3.8.1 TT symbols......................................................................................................3-10

3.8.2 Choosing TT symbol (B, C and W types) ........................................................ 3-11

3.8.3 TT symbol brilliance.........................................................................................3-11

3.8.4 TT symbol color...............................................................................................3-12

3.9 Displaying Target Data...............................................................................................3-13

3.9.1 Displaying target data......................................................................................3-13

3.9.2 Target list .........................................................................................................3-15

3.10 Vector Modes.............................................................................................................3-16

3.10.1 Description of vectors......................................................................................3-16

3.10.2 Vector mode and length ..................................................................................3-17

3.11 Past Position Display .................................................................................................3-18

3.11.1 Displaying and erasing past position points, choosing past

position plot interval.........................................................................................3-18

3.11.2 Past position display attributes........................................................................3-19

3.11.3 Past position display mode..............................................................................3-19

3.11.4 Stabilization in true mode ................................................................................3-20

3.12 Set and Drift ...............................................................................................................3-20

3.13 TT Collision Alarm (CPA, TCPA) ................................................................................3-21

3.13.1 Setting the CPA and TCPA ranges ..................................................................3-21

3.13.2 Acknowledging the TT collision alarm .............................................................3-22

3.14 Acquisition Zone ........................................................................................................3-22

3.14.1 Activating an acquisition zone .........................................................................3-22

3.14.2 Sleeping, deactivating an acquisition zone .....................................................3-23

3.14.3 Acknowledging the alarm ................................................................................3-23

3.14.4 Acquisition zone reference ..............................................................................3-24

3.14.5 Acquisition zone shape and stabilization.........................................................3-24

3.15 TT System Messages ................................................................................................3-25

3.16 Trial Maneuver ...........................................................................................................3-26

3.16.1 Types of trial maneuvers .................................................................................3-26

3.16.2 Performing a trial maneuver ............................................................................3-27

3.16.3 Terminating a trial maneuver ...........................................................................3-29

3.17 TT Performance Test..................................................................................................3-30

3.18 Criteria for Selecting Targets for Tracking..................................................................3-32

3.19 Factors Affecting TT Functions...................................................................................3-34

4. AIS OPERATION........................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Controls for AIS............................................................................................................4-1

4.2 Showing, Hiding the AIS Display..................................................................................4-2

4.3 AIS Display Filter..........................................................................................................4-4

4.4 Activating Targets.........................................................................................................4-5

4.4.1 Activating specific targets manually...................................................................4-5

4.4.2 Activating all targets ..........................................................................................4-5

4.5 How to Sleep Targets ...................................................................................................4-6

4.5.1 Sleeping an individual target .............................................................................4-6

4.5.2 Sleeping all targets............................................................................................4-6

4.6 Setting Up for a Voyage ...............................................................................................4-7

viii

Page 11

TABLE OF CONTENTS

4.7 Target Data.................................................................................................................. 4-9

4.7.1 Basic target data............................................................................................... 4-9

4.7.2 Detailed target data......................................................................................... 4-10

4.7.3 Removing a target data display ...................................................................... 4-10

4.7.4 Canceling tracking on a target from target data display.................................. 4-10

4.8 AIS Symbol Attributes.................................................................................................4-11

4.8.1 AIS symbol brilliance .......................................................................................4-11

4.8.2 AIS symbol size and color ...............................................................................4-11

4.9 Past Position Display................................................................................................. 4-12

4.9.1 Past position plot interval................................................................................ 4-12

4.9.2 Past position points......................................................................................... 4-13

4.9.3 Past position display motion ........................................................................... 4-13

4.9.4 Stabilization in true motion.............................................................................. 4-13

4.10 Lost Target................................................................................................................. 4-14

4.10.1 Lost target filter............................................................................................... 4-14

4.10.2 Enabling, disabling the lost target alarm......................................................... 4-15

4.11 ROT Setting............................................................................................................... 4-16

4.12 AIS Collision Alarm (CPA, TCPA).............................................................................. 4-17

4.12.1 Setting the CPA and TCPA ranges.................................................................. 4-17

4.12.2 Enabling, disabling the AIS collision alarm ..................................................... 4-17

4.12.3 Limiting the function of the collision alarm ...................................................... 4-18

4.13 Association of TT and AIS Targets............................................................................. 4-19

4.14 Own Ship’s Data........................................................................................................ 4-21

4.15 Messages .................................................................................................................. 4-22

4.15.1 Creating, saving messages ............................................................................ 4-22

4.15.2 Transmitting messages................................................................................... 4-23

4.15.3 Viewing messages.......................................................................................... 4-24

4.16 AIS System Messages .............................................................................................. 4-26

5. VIDEO PLOTTER OPERATION.................................................................... 5-1

5.1 General........................................................................................................................ 5-1

5.2 Display Modes ............................................................................................................. 5-1

5.3 Presentation Modes..................................................................................................... 5-2

5.4 Radar Map................................................................................................................... 5-3

5.4.1 Showing, hiding the radar map display............................................................. 5-3

5.4.2 Inscribing radar map marks and lines............................................................... 5-4

5.5 Erasing Radar Map Marks and Lines .......................................................................... 5-6

5.5.1 Erasing individual radar map marks and lines .................................................. 5-6

5.5.2 Erasing all radar map marks and lines ............................................................. 5-7

5.6 Radar Map Corrections ............................................................................................... 5-8

5.6.1 Radar map correction ....................................................................................... 5-8

5.6.2 Cursor data correction ...................................................................................... 5-8

5.7 Chart Cards (A, B, C and W types) ............................................................................. 5-9

5.7.1 Displaying a chart ............................................................................................. 5-9

5.7.2 Chart position correction................................................................................. 5-10

5.7.3 Correcting cursor data .................................................................................... 5-10

5.7.4 Chart land color (B, C and W types) ................................................................5-11

5.8 Hiding, Showing Graphics on the Video Plotter Display............................................ 5-12

5.9 Track.......................................................................................................................... 5-13

5.9.1 Plotting own ship’s track ................................................................................. 5-13

5.9.2 Plotting interval for other ships' tracks ............................................................ 5-14

5.9.3 Auto target track (A, B, C and W types).......................................................... 5-15

5.9.4 Choosing track color (A, B, C and W types) ................................................... 5-15

Page 12

TABLE OF CONTENTS

5.9.5 Erasing track from the menu, on the screen ...................................................5-16

5.9.6 Erasing track with the cursor ...........................................................................5-17

5.10 Waypoints ..................................................................................................................5-18

5.10.1 Entering waypoints ..........................................................................................5-18

5.10.2 Editing, erasing waypoints from the menu.......................................................5-20

5.10.3 Erasing waypoints ...........................................................................................5-21

5.10.4 Waypoint list ....................................................................................................5-22

5.10.5 Displaying waypoint name and number ..........................................................5-23

5.11 Nav Lines ...................................................................................................................5-24

5.11.1 Entering a new nav line ...................................................................................5-24

5.11.2 Editing a nav line .............................................................................................5-25

5.11.3 Nav line list ......................................................................................................5-26

5.11.4 Erasing a nav line............................................................................................5-27

5.11.5 Setting up nav lines .........................................................................................5-28

5.11.6 Displaying nav line, waypoint mark .................................................................5-30

5.12 Recording Data ..........................................................................................................5-32

5.12.1 Initializing memory (RAM) cards .....................................................................5-32

5.12.2 Recording data ................................................................................................5-33

5.13 Replaying Data...........................................................................................................5-35

5.14 Deleting Files .............................................................................................................5-36

6. MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING......................................................6-1

6.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule...................................................................................6-2

6.2 Life Expectancy of Major Parts ....................................................................................6-3

6.3 Replacing the Fuse ......................................................................................................6-4

6.4 Replacement of Battery on GC Board..........................................................................6-4

6.5 Trackball Maintenance .................................................................................................6-5

6.6 Easy Troubleshooting...................................................................................................6-6

6.7 Advanced-level Troubleshooting ..................................................................................6-7

6.8 Diagnostics ................................................................................................................6-10

APPENDIX ...................................................................................................... AP-1

1. Menu Tree ..................................................................................................................... AP-1

2. Digital Interface .............................................................................................................AP-8

3. Parts Lists and Parts Location..................................................................................... AP-30

4. Longitude Error Table (on 96 nm range scale) ............................................................ AP-46

5. Abbreviations...............................................................................................................AP-48

6. Symbols....................................................................................................................... AP-50

SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................................... SP-1

INDEX

...................................................................................................... IN-1

Declaration of Conformity

Page 13

FOREWORD

A Word to the Owner of FAR-2807/FAR-2107(-BB) Series

Congratulations on your choice of the FURUNO FAR-2807/FAR-2107(-BB) Series Radar and ARPA(TT). We are confident you will see why FURUNO has become synonymous with quality and reliability.

For over 60 years FURUNO Electric Company has enjoyed an enviable reputation for innovative and dependable marine electronics equipment. This dedication to excellence is furthered by our extensive global network of agents and dealers.

Your radar is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine environment. However, no machine can perform its intended function unless installed, operated and maintained properly. Please carefully read and follow the recommended procedures for operation and maintenance.

We would appreciate hearing from you, the end-user, about whether we are achieving our purposes.

Thank you for considering and purchasing FURUNO equipment.

Features

• High-resolution 19-inch (FAR-2107), 20.1-inch LCD (FAR-2107(-BB)) or 23.1-inch LCD

(FAR-2807).

• This series of radar and TT (Target Tracking) are available in the models shown in the

table below. "BB" indicates blackbox configuration (monitor to be supplied locally) is available.

X-band S-band

Model

FAR-2117

FAR-2117-BB FAR-2817

FAR-2127 FAR-2127-BB

FAR-2827

FAR-2827W

Output TR config. Model Output TR config. 12 kW UP FAR-2137S

FAR-2137S-BB FAR-2837S

25 kW UP FAR-2837SW 30 kW DOWN

25 kW DOWN

30 kW UP

Page 14

FOREWORD

• Two types of trackball-equipped control units are available: RCU-014 (full keyboard) and

the RCU-015 (palm control). The trackball is easy to use thanks to the ergonomically designed palm rest.

• Simplified operation with point-and-click menu operation.

• All functions are accessible by using the trackball alone.

• Applicable to HSC (High Speed Craft)

• TT, AIS, Radar Plotter and Interswitch supplied as standard.

• Meets the requirements in IEC 62388 (Maritime navigation and radiocommunication

equipment and systems - Shipborne radar - Performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results).

• Meets the requirements in IMO MSC.192(79).

• Meets the requirements in IEC 62288 (Maritime navigation and radiocommunication

equipment and systems - Presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne navigational displays - General requirements, methods of testing and required test results).

• Target alarm watches for targets entering or exiting an alarm zone

• TCPA/CPA alarms

• Electronic parallel index lines

• 42 rpm antenna for high speed craft

Usage Limitations

The FAR-2107_2807 series is designed to be used between 85°N and 85°S. Accordingly, features that function with latitude and longitude data (AIS, plotter, etc.) become inoperative when the ship is higher than 85°N or 85°S, with the exception of the cursor latitude and longitude display, which is available between 85°N to 90°N.

Compliance with MED and R&TTE Directive

This radar compiles with MED 96/98/EC and its amendment 2002/75/EC of September 2, 2002 and also complies with the R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC. In accordance with Article 6-3 of the above-mentioned R&TTE directive, FURUNO intends to put this radar on the market of the following countries in EU as well other markets: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands, United Kingdom, Iceland, Norway.

xii

Page 15

FOREWORD

Radar Type and Function Availability

This radar series is available in five specification types to meet the requirements of Authorities, and function availability depends on specification type. The table below shows those functions that have limited availability. This manual provides descriptions for all functions in this radar series, and we have endeavored to denote in the text those functions that have limited availability. For detailed information on function availability, see the menu tree in the Appendix.

• IMO: IMO compliant

• A: Near-IMO specifications

• B: Non-Japanese fishing vessels

• C: Japanese fishing vessels

• W: Washington state (USA) ferry

Specification type and function availability

Function

TT symbol selection

TT w/o gyro No No Yes Yes Yes Acquisition

zone range limitation

Auto target track

Chart display No Yes Yes Yes Yes Color echo No No Yes Yes Yes Cursor range

unit selection Cursor size No No Yes Yes No Dual radar No Yes Yes Yes Yes Echo area

configuration Mark color No No Yes Yes Yes Mark w/line No No Yes Yes Yes Pop-up

guidance Range 0.125, 0.25,

Range unit nm only nm only nm, sm, km,

Sub display No No Yes Yes Yes VRM unit No No Yes Yes No Track-Other

ship

IMO A B C W

No No Yes Yes Yes

Yes No No No No

No Yes Ye s Yes Yes

No No Yes Yes No

No No Ye s Ye s Yes

Same as IMO 0.125, 0.25,

0.5, 0.75, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96

No Yes Yes Yes Yes

Type

0.5, 0.75, 1,

1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, 48, 96, 120

kyd

Same as B Same as B

nm, sm, km, kyd

xiii

Page 16

FOREWORD

Specification type and function availability (con't)

Function

IMO A B C W

Trail Eraser No No Yes Yes No Trails-Color No No Yes Yes Yes Trails-H i d e No N o Yes Yes Yes Trails-Long No No Yes Yes Yes(12H/24H) Trails-Narrow No No Yes Yes Yes WPT marke r No Yes Yes Yes Yes

Type

Signal Processing Functions

This radar has the signal processing functions described in the table below. All signal processing functions are set with the Picture feature. See section 1.35 for additional information.

Signal processing function Description Section

Interference rejector Suppress interference transmitted by other

radars. Interference received simultaneously from many radars can be difficult to reduce.

Echo stretch Enlarge target echoes, especially small echoes.

Suppress interference, sea clutter and rain clutter before using echo stretch, to prevent the enlargement of unwanted echoes.

Echo averaging The radar samples echoes with each scan.

Targets that show a large change with each scan are judged as clutter and are reduced to display only echoes from legitimate targets. Requires position and speed data.

Noise rejector Suppress white noise and increase the S/N ratio

to improve picture clarity.

Wiper Suppress unwanted echoes that appear after the

sweep completes a scan (within one second).

1.25

1.26

1.27

1.28

1.29

xiv

Page 17

PROGRAM NUMBER

PC Board Program No. Version No.

MAIN 035-9204 03.** (Merchant)

RFC 035-9202 01.**

KEY(REMOTE) 035-9203 01.**

ARPA 035-9212 01.**

** Minor modification

Page 18

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

See page xvii for detailed information about antenna units and radiators.

With FURUNO-supplied monitor

FAR-2137S(-BB)/2837S/2837SW

POWER SUPPLY UNIT

PSU-007

(

For FAR-2137S(-BB)/2837S)

(For FAR-2827W/2837SW)

* Russian flag only

POWER SUPPLY UNIT

PSU-011*

(Performance Monitor PM-51* built in)

ANTENNA UNIT

Waveguide or Coax cable (For FAR-2837SW)

TRANSCEIVER UNIT

RTR-082

For FAR-2837SW

PROCESSOR UNIT

RPU-013

FAR-2117(-BB,/2127(-BB)/2817/2827/2827W

(Performance Monitor PM-31* built in)

MONITOR UNIT

MU-201CR*

MU-190*

MU-231CR*

MU-231*

CONTROL UNIT

RCU-014

(Keyboard)

RCU-015

(Trackball)

Control Unit

RCU-016 (Remote)

Sub Display

ANTENNA UNIT

TRANSCEIVER UNIT

RTR-081A

For FAR-2827W

*1 FAR-2107

FAR-2807

115/230 VAC

24 VDC

115/230 VAC

Waveguide (For FAR-2827W)

24 VDC

RU-3423

: Standard

: Option : Dockyard supply

Category of Units Antenna unit: Exposed to weather All other units: Protected from weather

Alarm

VDR

External Monitor

IEC-61162-1 Serial Data

(Input/Output)

IEC-61162-1 Serial Data

(Input)

AD-100

Memory Card Interface Unit

CU-200

HUB has ports for connection of up to 7 processor units

DC spec

Rectifier

RU-3424

RU-1746B-2

Transformer Unit

RU-1803

Navigator (INS, GPS, etc.)

Speed Log

Gyrocompass

Track Control Unit

Memory Card Interface Unit

CU-200 x 2

AC spec

* These monitors have been approved by the IMO,

MU-190/201CR for CAT2, MU-231/231CR for CAT1. If a different monitor is to be used, its effective diameter must meet the applicable Category requirements: CAT 1: effective diameter 320 mm or higher CAT 2: effective diameter 250 mm or higher

For installation and operation of other monitor,

see its manuals.

AIS

100-230 VAC

Switching Hub

HUB-100

xvi

Page 19

Antenna unit

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

FAR-2117(-BB) FAR-2127(-BB) FAR-2827

FAR-2137S(-BB) RSB-098/099 (21/26 rpm, 200 VAC, 3ø, 50 Hz; 220 VAC, 3ø, 60 Hz; 380

FAR-2827W RSB-103 (24 rpm, powered by processor unit)

FAR-2837S Same as FAR-2137S(-BB)

FAR-2837SW RSB-104/105 (21/26 rpm, 200 VAC, 3ø, 50 Hz; 220 VAC, 3ø, 60 Hz; 380

RSB-096 (24 rpm) RSB-097 (42 rpm)

VAC, 3ø, 50 Hz, 440 VAC, 3ø, 60 Hz) RSB-100/101/102 (45 rpm, 220 VAC, 3ø, 50/60 Hz(HSC); 440 VAC, 3ø, /60 Hz(HSC))

VAC, 3ø, 50 Hz, 440 VAC, 3ø, 60 Hz)

Radiator

FAR-2117(-BB) FAR-2127(-BB) FAR-2827

FAR-2137S(-BB) SN30AF (10 ft), SN36AF (12 ft)

XN12AF (4 ft), XN20AF (6.5 ft), XN24AF (8 ft)

FAR-2827W XN20AF (6.5 ft), XN24AF (8 ft)

FAR-2837S SN30AF (10 ft), SN36AF (12 ft)

FAR-2837SW SN30AF (10 ft), SN36AF (12 ft)

xvii

Page 20

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

Blackbox type

POWER SUPPLY UNIT

PSU-007

For FAR-2137S-BB

FAR-2137S-BB

ANTENNA UNIT

(Performance Monitor PM-51 built in

(FAR-2137S-BB)

PROCESSOR UNIT

RPU-013

FAR-2117-BB/2127-BB

ANTENNA UNIT

(Performance Monitor PM-31 built in

(FAR-2117-BB, FAR-2127-BB)

VGA Monitor

CONTROL UNIT

RCU-014

(Keyboard)

RCU-015

(Trackball)

Control Unit

RCU-016 (Remote)

Sub Display

: Standard

: Option : Dockyard supply

Category of Units

Antenna unit: Exposed to weather All other units: Protected from weather

Alarm

VDR

External Monitor

IEC-61162-1 Serial Data

(Input/Output)

IEC-61162-1 Serial Data

(Input)

AD-100

Memory Card

Interface Unit

CU-200

HUB has ports for connection of up to 7 processor units

DC spec

Rectifier

RU-3424

RU-1746B-2

Transformer Unit

RU-1803

Navigator (INS, GPS, etc.)

Speed Log

Gyrocompass

Track Control Unit

Memory Card Interface Unit

CU-200 x 2

AC spec

AIS

100-230 VAC

Switching Hub

HUB-100

xviii

Page 21

Console type RCN-001/RCN-002

FAR-2137S/2837S/2837SW

ANTENNA UNIT

(Performance Monitor PM-51 built in)

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

FAR-2117/2127/

2817/2827/2827W

ANTENNA UNIT

(Performance Monitor PM-31 built in)

POWER SUPPLY UNIT

PSU-007

(For FAR-2137S/2837S)

POWER SUPPLY UNIT

PSU-011*

(For FAR-2827W/2837SW)

* Russian flag only

Waveguide or Coax cable (For FAR-2837SW)

TRANSCEIVER UNIT

RTR-082

For FAR-2837SW

CONSOLE

RCN-001/002

TRANSCEIVER UNIT

RTR-081A

For FAR-2827W

Alarm

VDR

External Monitor

IEC-61162-1 Serial Data

(Input/Output)

IEC-61162-1 Serial Data

(Input)

Waveguide (For FAR-2827W)

Navigator (INS, GPS, etc.)

Speed Log

: Standard

: Option : Dockyard supply

Category of Units

Antenna unit: Exposed to weather All other units: Protected from weather

PROCESSOR

May also

be installed

externally.

Memory Card

Interface Unit

100-115 VAC/ 220-230 VAC

1φ, 50/60 Hz

UNIT

RPU-013

CU-200

100-230 VAC

Switching Hub

HUB-100

Gyrocompass

AD-100

AIS

Track Control Unit

Memory Card Interface Unit

CU-200

(Max. 2 total)

AC spec

Transformer Unit

RU-1803

440 VAC

1φ, 50/60 Hz

xix

Page 22

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

Console type RCN-003/RCN-004

FAR-2137S(-BB)/2837S/2837SW

ANTENNA UNIT

(Performance Monitor PM-51 built in)

FAR-2117/2127/2817/

2827/2827W

ANTENNA UNIT

(Performance Monitor PM-31 built in)

Waveguide or Coax cable (For FAR-2837SW)

TRANSCEIVER UNIT

RTR-082

For FAR-2837SW

CONSOLE

RCN-003/004

POWER SUPPLY UNIT

PSU-007

(For FAR-2137S/2837S)

POWER SUPPLY UNIT

PSU-011*

(For FAR-2827W/2837SW)

* Russian flag only

PROCESSOR

UNIT

RPU-013

TRANSCEIVER UNIT

RTR-081A

For FAR-2827W

Alarm

VDR

External Monitor

IEC-61162-1 Serial Data

(Input/Output)

IEC-61162-1 Serial Data

(Input)

AD-100

Waveguide (For FAR-2827W)

Navigator (INS, GPS, etc.)

Speed Log

Gyrocompass

: Standard

: Option : Dockyard supply

Category of Units

Antenna unit: Exposed to weather All other units: Protected from weather

Switching Hub

HUB-100

Memory Card

Interface Unit

100-115 VAC/

220-230 VAC

1φ, 50/60 Hz

CU-200

AIS

Track Control Unit

Memory Card Interface Unit

CU-200

(Max. 2 total)

AC spec

Transformer Unit

RU-1803

440 VAC

1φ, 50/60 Hz

Page 23

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.1 Turning on the Power

The [POWER] switch ( ) is located at the left corner of the control unit. Open the POWER switch cover and press the switch to turn on the radar system. To turn off the radar, press the switch again. The screen shows the bearing scale and digital timer approximately 30 seconds after power-on. The three minutes of warm-up time. During this period the magnetron (transmitter tube) is warmed for transmission. When the timer has reached 0:00, the indication "ST-BY" appears at the screen center, meaning the radar is now ready to transmit pulses.

In the stand-by condition, markers, rings, map, charts, etc. are not shown. Further, TT and AIS are not shown.

In the warm-up and stand-by conditions, ON TIME and TX TIME count in hours and tenths of hour appear at the screen center.

Note 1: Do not turn the power on directly after it has been turned off. Wait

several seconds before you reapply the power, to be sure the radar starts up properly.

Note 2: Parameters set on the menus are stored in a non-volatile memory (flash

memory), and are preserved when the power is turned off.

timer counts down

1.2 Transmitter ON

After the power is turned on and the magnetron has warmed up, ST-BY appears at the screen center, meaning the radar is ready to transmit radar pulses. You may transmit by pressing the [STBY/TX] key on the full keyboard, or use the trackball to select the TX STBY box at the bottom left corner of the display then push the left button (above the trackball). The label at the left-hand side of the guidance box at the bottom right corner of the screen changes from TX to STBY.

TX STBY

TX STBY box

STBY

Radar display

Guidance box

1-1

Page 24

1. RADAR OPERATION

The radar is initially set to previously used range and pulse length. Other settings such as brilliance levels, VRMs, EBLs and menu option selections are also set to previous settings.

The [STBY/TX] key (or TX STBY box) toggles the radar between STBY and TRANSMIT status. The antenna stops in stand-by and rotates in transmit. The magnetron ages with time resulting in a reduction of output power. Therefore, it is highly recommended that the radar be set to stand-by when not used for an extended period of time.

How to stop antenna rotation

Antenna rotation can be stopped. One method is to turn off the antenna switch on the radar. The other method is to stop rotation from the menu. For how to stop rotation from the menu, see the installation manual.

Picture freeze

When the picture freezes the picture is not updated. 30 seconds after the picture freezes, the buzzer sounds, the [ALARM ACK] key blinks and the alarm contact signal is output. Reset the power to restore normal operation.

Quick start

Provided that the radar was once in use with the transmitter tube (magnetron) still warm, you can turn the radar into TRANSMIT condition without three minutes of warm-up. If the [POWER] switch was turned off by mistake or the like and you wish to restart the radar promptly, turn on the [POWER] switch not later than 10 seconds after power-off.

Echo area

The echo display area for the B, C and W types is available in three configurations: round, wide, and full screen. You can select a configuration with 7 ECHO AREA on the ECHO menu.

Round Wide Full

1-2

Page 25

1.3 Control Unit

Two types of control units are available: Control Unit RCU-014 (full keyboard) and Control Unit RCU-105 (palm control).

EBL rotary control VRM rotary control

1. RADAR OPERATION

Scrollwheel

Left button Right button

OFF

EBL

F3 F4

ALARM

ACK

STBY

BRILL

OFF

CENTER

VECTOR

TIME

CANCEL

TRAILS

EBL

OFFSET

CU/TM RESET

VECTOR

MODE

BRILL

A/C SEAA/C RAIN

MODE

INDEX

LINE

TARGET

LIST

ENTER

MARK

GAIN

OFF

RANGE

VRM

ACQ

TARGET

DATA

TARGET

CANCEL

Trackball

Control Unit RCU-014 (full keyboard)

Scrollwheel

Left button Right button

Trackball Module

Trackball

Module

Control Unit RCU-015 (palm control)

1-3

Page 26

1. RADAR OPERATION

Control description

Control Description Control Unit RCU-014 (full keyboard)

POWER Turns the system on and off. EBL and VRM rotary controls Adjust EBL and VRM, respectively. EBL ON, EBL OFF Turns the EBLs on and off, respectively. F1-F4 Execute menu short cut assigned. ALARM ACK Silences audio alarm. STBY TX Toggles between stand-by and transmit. BRILL Adjusts display brilliance. A/C RAIN Suppresses rain clutter. A/C SEA Suppresses sea clutter. GAIN Adjusts sensitivity of the radar receiver. HL OFF Temporarily erases the heading line while pressed. EBL OFFSET

MODE Selects a presentation mode. OFF CENTER Shifts own ship position. CU/TM RESET • Moves own ship position in 75% radius in stern direction.

INDEX LINE Turns parallel index (PI) lines on and off. VECTOR TIME Selects vector time (length). VECTOR MODE Selects vector mode, relative or true. TARGET LIST Displays data for all tracked targets (AIS and TT). CANCEL TRAILS

ENTER MARK Enters marks; terminates keyboard input. VRM ON, VRM OFF Turns the VRMs on and off, respectively. MENU Opens and closes the MAIN menu; closes other menus. ACQ RANGE Selects radar range. TARGET DATA

TARGET CANCEL

Control Unit RCU-015 (palm control)

POWER Turns the system on and off. F1-F4 Execute menu short cut assigned.

Enables, disables the offset EBL. In menu operation, switches polarity from North to South and East to West and vice versa.

• Resets the heading line to 0° in course-up and true motion modes.

Cancels all target trails. In menu operation it clears a line of data.

Acquires a target for TT after choosing it with the trackball.

Display or erase target data for TT or AIS target chosen with trackball. For AIS, changes sleeping target to activated target.

TT: Cancel tracking on target. AIS: Sleep an activated target.

1-4

Page 27

1.4 Main Menu

You may access the MAIN menu from the full keyboard or by using the trackball. In later sections only the procedure for menu operation by trackball is given.

Main menu operation by keyboard

1. Press the [MENU] key. The MAIN menu appears in the text area at the right side of the screen.

[MAIN MENU]

1 [ECHO] 2 [MARK] 3 [ALARM]



4 [TT 5 [PLOTTER] 6 [CARD] 7 [NAV DATA] 8 [NAV LINE 9 [CUSTOMIZE

AIS]



WPT]



TEST]

1. RADAR OPERATION

Echo processing functions Mainly turns markers on/off. Sets guard alarm functions; outputs alarm signal. Sets TT

Chart and track functions Memory card functions Turns nav data on/off. Processes nav lines and waypoints. Customizes operation; executes diagnostics.

and AIS functions.

MAIN menu

2. Press the numeral key corresponding to the menu you wish to open. For example, press the [2] key to open the MARK menu.

[MARK]

1 BACK 2 OWN SHIP MARK OFF/MIN/SCALED 3 STERN MARK OFF/ON 4 [PI LINE] 5 ANCHOR WATCH OFF/ON

0.0NM 6 DROP MARK OFF/ON 7 [INS MARK] 8 EBL OFFSET BASE STAB GND/STAB HDG/ STAB NORTH 9 [EBL, VRM, CURSOR SET]* 0 RING OFF/ON

*1[BARGE MARK] depending on installation preset.

IMO and A types show 9 EBL CURSOR BEARING (REL/TRUE)

MARK menu

3. Press the numeral key applicable to the item you wish to set.

4. Consecutively press the same numeral key pressed at step 3 to select appropriate option then press the [ENTER MARK] key to confirm your selection.

Useful keys in menu operation



To clear a line of numeric data: Use the [CANCEL TRAILS] key.



Switch between plus and minus, North and South or East and West: Use the [2] key.

5. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

1-5

Page 28

1. RADAR OPERATION

Main menu operation by trackball

1. Use the trackball to select the MENU box at the right side of the screen. The guidance box at the bottom right corner (see the illustration at the bottom of the next page for location) now reads "DISP MAIN MENU."

2. Push the left button to display the MAIN menu.

[MAIN MENU]

1 [ECHO] 2 [MARK] 3 [ALARM]



4 [TT 5 [PLOTTER] 6 [CARD] 7 [NAV DATA] 8 [NAV LINE 9 [CUSTOMIZE

3. Roll the scrollwheel or trackball to select a menu and push the left button. For example, select the 2 [MARK] menu.

AIS]



WPT]



TEST]

Echo processing functions Mainly turns markers on/off. Sets guard alarm functions; outputs alarm signal. Sets TT

Chart and track functions Memory card functions Turns nav data on/off. Processes nav lines and waypoints. Customizes operation; executes diagnostics.

MAIN menu

and AIS functions.

[MARK]

1 BACK 2 OWN SHIP MARK OFF/MIN/SCALED 3 STERN MARK OFF/ON 4 [PI LINE] 5 ANCHOR WATCH OFF/ON

0.0NM 6 DROP MARK OFF/ON 7 [INS MARK] 8 EBL OFFSET BASE STAB GND/STAB HDG/ STAB NORTH 9 [EBL, VRM, CURSOR SET]* 0 RING OFF/ON

*1[BARGE MARK] depending on installation preset.

IMO and A types show 9 EBL CURSOR BEARING (REL/TRUE)

MARK menu

4. Use the trackball to select a menu item and push the left button.

5. Roll the scrollwheel to select an option and push the left button to validate your selection.

6. Push the right button consecutively to close the menu. (Several pushes may be necessary depending on the menu used.)

1-6

Note: Hereafter all menu procedures are described using the trackball module (trackball, scrollwheel, buttons). For sake of brevity we write, "Select [menu item] (or [menu option])" where you roll the scrollwheel and push the left button (or scrollwheel) to complete a task on the menu.

Page 29

1.5 Operation by the On-Screen Boxes

All radar functions can be accessed by using the trackball alone. This is done by choosing the appropriate on-screen box with the trackball and operating the trackball module to select item and option. (See section 1.9 for location of all on-screen boxes.) On-screen boxes come in two varieties: Function selection and function selection w/pop-up menu. On-screen boxes of the latter type have "►" at the right side of their boxes, as in the MARK box shown below.

To operate the radar using on-screen boxes, do the following:

1. Use the trackball to place the trackball marker inside the box desired.

Note: The trackball marker changes its configuration according to its location.

It is an arrow when placed outside the effective display and a cursor (+) when inside the effective display. See the illustration on the next page for further details.

For example, select the MARK box, which is at the bottom left corner.

1. RADAR OPERATION

MARK 

Mark type last selected, mark number

Bearing and range from own ship to mark

162.5

-> +

T 11.7 NM

MARK box

When a box is correctly selected, its color changes from green to orange and the guidance box at the bottom right corner shows operational guidance. The operational guidance shows the function of the left and right buttons, with a diagonal line separating the information. For the MARK box, for example, the operational guidance is "MARK SELECT / MARK MENU." In this case you would push the left button to select a mark or push the right button to open the MARK menu.

Function of left button

Function of right button

MARK Box

MARK 

> +

Arrow For choosing on-screen box

MARK SELECT

MARK

Guidance box

Guidance box (Example: guidance for MARK box)

1-7

Page 30

1. RADAR OPERATION

Trackball marker location and guidance box indication

The trackball marker is either a cursor (+) or an arrow ( ) depending on whether it is within or outside the display area, respectively. Further, the indication in the guidance box changes according to trackball marker location.

Trackball marker is out of effective display area (incl. text area) and not selecting a box: The trackball marker is an arrow

Guidance box reads "JUMP CURSOR / DISP MENU." Push the left button to choose the on-screen box closest to the arrow or push the right button to display the MAIN menu.

To choose boxes successively, push the wheel when the guidance box reads as above. Then, the nearest box is selected and marked with the double-ended arrow ( ) and the guidance box reads "JUMP FORWARD / JUMP BACKWARD." Hit the left button to go to the box below or adjacent to the currently selected box or hit the right button to go to the box above or adjacent to the currently selected box. Continue pushing a button to choose boxes successively. This is convenient for operation under heavy pitching and rolling. To cancel this feature, push the wheel when the guidance box reads as above.

Guidance box reads "TARGET DATA & ACQ / CURSOR MENU." In this condition you may access cursor-operated

Trackball marker is within effective display area: The trackball marker is a cursor.

functions, by hitting the left button for direct selection of function or the right button to choose desired functions from the CURSOR menu. For further details about the CURSOR menu, see section 1.6.

2. Push the left button (or roll the scrollwheel depending on the box) until the desired option is displayed in the box.

Note: When you selected an on-screen box’s option by rolling the

scrollwheel, the box and its contents turn light-blue. This simply indicates that the selected setting is different from the currently active setting. To change the setting, push the scrollwheel or the left button. If neither the scrollwheel nor the left button is pushed within about 30 seconds after operating the scrollwheel, the previous setting is automatically restored.

1-8

Page 31

1. RADAR OPERATION

3. The pop-up menu attached to the MARK box is the MARK menu. To open the menu, push the right button. The menu opens in the text area at the right side of the screen.

[MARK MENU]

1 ORIGIN MARK STAB

GND/SEA

2 MARK KIND

ORIGIN MARK(No. )/ ORIGIN MARK(SYM)/ MAP MARK/ WP 1~50/ WP 51~ 100/ WP 101~150/ WP 151~198/

OWN SHIP SHAPE 8 MARK POSN CURSOR/OS/L/L

°000.00 N

°000.00 E

000 9 MAP DISPLAY OFF/ON 0 MAP MARK COLOR* RED/GRN/BLU/YEL/ CYA/MAG/WHT

* Not available on IMO or A type

MARK menu

Note:Any menu may be operated from the full keyboard or with the trackball,

or a combination of the two in case of Control Unit RCU-014. Note

that in later sections only the procedure for menu operation by the trackball is given.

4. Select item desired. Selected item is initially shown in reverse video and changes to normal video and circumscribed when the scrollwheel or the left button is pushed.

5. Select option desired. Selected option is initially shown in reverse video and changes to normal video and circumscribed when the scrollwheel or the left button is pushed.

6. Push the right button to close the menu. (On some menus several presses of the right button are required to close the menu.)

1-9

Page 32

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.6 Cursor Menu

Functions that require the use of the cursor, such as EBL offset and zoom, may be activated directly from the guidance box or from the CURSOR menu, either method with the cursor inside the effective display area. Below is the procedure for choosing a cursor-related function from the CURSOR menu. In later sections only the procedure for selection from the guidance box is given.

1. Put the cursor inside the effective display area.

2. Roll the scrollwheel to show "TARGET DATA & ACQ / CURSOR MENU" in the guidance box.

3. Push the right button to show the CURSOR menu.

4. Select "2" then push the left button.

5. Select function desired then push the left button.

Note: For operation from the keyboard, you may

press the [2] key to select a function in top-to-bottom order or the [8] key to select in reverse order.

[CURSOR MENU]

2 

TARGET DATA & ACQ/ TARGET CANCEL/ TT TGT DATA & ACQ/ TARGET TRACK ON* TARGET TRACK OFF* REF MARK/ EBL OFFSET/ OFFCENTER/ ZOOM/ MARK DELETE/ OWN TRACK DELETE/ TGT TRACK DELETE*1/ CHART ALIGN

TRAIL ERASER* 8  9 CURSOR*

SMALL/LARGE

Not available on IMO type

Not available on A type

, *2/

, *

Cursor Menu item Description

TARGET DATA & ACQ TT: Acquires target; displays data for selected tracked target.

AIS: Activates sleeping AIS target; display data for selected AIS target.

TARGET CANCEL TT: Cancels tracking on selected tracked target.

AIS: Sleeps selected AIS target. TT TARGET DATA & ACQ Acquires selected echo as tracked target. TARGET TRACK ON Turns track for TT/AIS on. TARGET TRACK OFF Turns track for TT/AIS off. REF MARK Inscribes reference mark, for target-based speed input. EBL OFFSET Offsets EBL to measure range and bearing between two targets. OFF CENTER Shifts screen center to selected location. ZOOM Zooms selected location. MARK DELETE Deletes selected mark (plotter mark, origin mark or waypoint

mark). OWN TRACK DELETE Deletes own ship’s tracks. TGT TRACK DELETE Deletes other ship’s tracks. CHART ALIGN Aligns chart with radar picture.

TRAIL ERASER Erases trails. (A, B and C types) CURSOR SIZE Selects cursor size. (A, B and C types)

6. The guidance box shows "XX / EXIT." (XX = function selected). Use the trackball to put the cursor where desired.

7. Push the left button to execute the function selected at step 5.

8. To quit the function selected, push the right button when the guidance box shows "XX / EXIT." (XX = function selected at step 5)

1-10

Page 33

1.7 Monitor Brilliance

The brilliance of the entire screen should be adjusted according to lighting conditions. Monitor brilliance should be adjusted before adjusting relative brilliance levels on the BRILL menu to be explained later.

Note: The brilliance of a commercial monitor cannot be adjusted from the radar.

See the owner’s manual of the commercial monitor for how to adjust its brilliance.

By keyboard

Operate the [BRILL] control on the control unit to adjust brilliance. Turn it clockwise to increase brilliance; counterclockwise to decrease brilliance. Watch the BRILL box (see illustration below) to know current brilliance level.

By trackball

1. Use the trackball to place the arrow on the brilliance level indicator in the brilliance level indication box at the bottom left corner of the screen.

1. RADAR OPERATION

Brilliance bar Shows brilliance level.

Place arrow inside box to adjust screen brilliance.

BRILL1 

Brillance, color set no. (For details, see para. 1.50.)

Brilliance level

Brilliance level indicator

2. Roll the scrollwheel downward to increase brilliance or roll it upward to decrease brilliance. The length of the brilliance bar increases or decreases with operation of the scrollwheel.

Note: If nothing appears on the screen in stand-by when using Control Unit

RCU-015 (palm control), press and hold down one of the keys F1-F4* to raise the brilliance to level "50". *Key set for other than USER DEFAULT. See section 1.36.2.

1-11

Page 34

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.8 Display Modes

This radar has the following display modes:

• IMO, A type: Radar, Radar + Plotter, Anchor (Watch)

• B, C, W type: Radar, Radar + Plotter, Plotter

Select a display mode as below. Note that a display mode cannot be selected when the menu is open.

1. Use the trackball to place the arrow in the DISPLAY MODE box at the top of the screen.

DISPLAY MODE box

2. Push the left button to select appropriate mode.

Radar: Radar display

DISPLAY XX*

* XX = display mode

+Plotter Radar display, plotter display

Plotter: Plotter display

Anchor watch: Plotter display

Note: The radar echo related boxes (STBY/TX, PI line, target alarm, etc.) are inoperative in the anchor watch and plotter modes.

1-12

Page 35

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.9 On-Screen Boxes and Markers

Trial Maneuver (Elapsed time shown

PICTURE Box, Main Picture Settings PULSELENGTH Box

ANTENNA Box PRESENTATION MODE Box RANGE Box

DISPLAY

REF POINT Setting

MODE Box

NM/1DISPLAY

6 HEAD UP TB RM

ANT 1 X-BAND  PULSE S1

PICTURE4 

IR OFF ES OFF EAV OFF AUTO RAIN OFF

310

300

290

280

No. 1

270

EBL

260

250

240

PI 1

032. 0°T

5. 60NM

MARK 

MAP ON ORIGIN*

HL OFF

TX STBY

EBL1

EBL2

>280.9°T<

240. 8°T

190.0°T, 5.75NM

BRILL1 

EBL2 Box EBL1 Box

TX/STBY Box HL OFF Box BRILL Box

RADAR

Acquisition

No. 2 EBL

230

REF POINT ANT

330

340

350

320

Heading Line

AIS

Base

Line

Station

Zone

No. 1 VRM

Cursor

Drop

Mark

Stern Marker

220

210

200

190

DROP1

229.8°T 4.532NM

Drop Mark data

* W-type only. Denotes mark selection: ORIGIN: Origin mark MAP: Map mark OS: Own ship shape

000

AtoN

Own Ship Marker

North Marker

180

Origin Mark

MARK Box Bearing and range to mark

PI line number PI line orientation PI line interval

Viewing distance

The optimal viewing distances for the radar display units are as follows:

- MU-170C: 920 mm

- MU-201CR: 1080 mm

- MU-231CR: 1200 mm

- MU-190: 1020 mm

- MU-231: 1200 mm

Note: Magnetic fields do not affect the picture.

when trial maneuver is active.) Range, Bearing and TTG to cursor position

Cursor Position Box

SET and DRIFT Boxes

GAIN Setting A/C SEA Setting A/C RAIN Setting TUNING Setting

010

020

GAIN

000. 0°TSET SEA AUTO

0. 0knDRIFT RAIN

TUNE AUTO

030

040

050

34°40. 649 N

135°18. 303 E

TTG 312.3°R 00:11 1.864NM

060

070

080

090

100

HDG

22 19

SPD

COG SOG

OS POSN

DGPS

TRIAL OFF

ZOOM or TT DATA BO X

Range

(See next page.)

Rings

ZOOM, TT, or AIS DATA BOX (See next page.)

TT,

CHART ALIGN

WATCH

11 : 28

TARGET

LIST



VECTOR REL

AZ1

PAST POSN REL 3M

AZ2

CPA LIMIT 0. 5NM 22MIN CPA AUTO ACTIVATE LOST TARGET ALARM

CU/TM RESET

ALARM

TARGET

ACK

DATA & ACQ

AIS DATA BOX

170

160

No. 2 VRM

150

140

DROP2

110

120

130

ALARM1 ALARM2

TRUE-S TRAIL OFF 

00:00

VRM1

>3.682NM<

VRM2

5.221NM

CU/TM RESET, ALARM ACK Box

LOST TARGET Box

VRM2 Box VRM1 Box

(w/TTG)

TRAIL MODE Box TARGET ALARM Box

AZ (Acquisition Zone) Box

Markers and indications



000.0°T



OFF 

0.0kn

LOG

0.0kn

00.0°T

0.0kn 34°40.00N

135°24.00E

DISP

AIS

FILT

ALERT BOX (See next page.)

CURSOR MENU

30M 3M

OFF OFF

GPS



Guidance Box

CPA AUTO Box

CPA LIMIT Box PAST POSN Box TT VECTOR Box

Heading

Speed, Source Log Speed Course over Ground Speed over Ground, Source

Position

MENU Box

TARGET LIST Box

WATCH Box Chart Align ON

TT ACQ MODE Box ASSOCIATION ON/OFF

AIS DISP Box

AIS Message Arrvl

1-13

Page 36

1. RADAR OPERATION

Electronic Position-fixing

System and position*

Depth

Depth Echogram (See section 1.41.)

Zoom display appears in nav data box when nav data is turned off.

TT Target Data (or Zoom)

TT Target Data (See Chapter 3.)

* GPS, DGPS, PPS, RTK, FRTK, DR. PPS, RTK and FRTK require GGA sentence.

HDG



242.2°T

SPD



9.9kn BT

0.1kn

COG SOG

OS POSN

DGPS

DEPTH 22.30 m

-30 20 10

CURRENT 2.3kn 69.9 TEMP 16°C TTG 00:00:00 WPT001 6.5NM 35.2°R DATE OCT/25/03 10:00 UTC

30.2°T

10.2.2kn

135°24.00E

20 40

60 80

100

WT MAN

GPS

34°40.00N

TRUE 15.4 m/s WIND 159.9

°R

TT TARGET No. 42

BRG 25.5°T

RNG 3.4NM R COG 264.0°T R SOG 12.3KN

CPA 2.9NM

TCPA 12.2MIN

BCR 1.7NM

BCT 20MIN

Heading is TRUE (variation-corrected gyro or magnetic heading) Speed data is LOG, MAN, etc., showing sensor and types.

Wind Speed and Angle*

(True or Relative angle)

Tide relative to North, full scale 10 kn Wind direction relative to own ship heading

Current speed and direction* Water temperature, TTG, WPT no., range and bearing to waypoint Date, time

* Referenced to ship's heading (relative) in head-up, head-up TB and course-up. Referenced to North (true) in north-up and true motion. For presentation mode description, see section 1.12.

EPFS shall meet the requirements of the IMO resolution MSC.112(73).

1-14

TT, AIS Functions Box

- - - - - SYSTEM ERROR - - - - -

VIDEO

- - - - - - - - - WARNING - - - - - - - FORMAT CARD DATA

Guidance Box

Data fields

Alert Box Messages for sensor error, system error, alarms and warning. See section 1.44 for details.

Page 37

1.10 Tuning the Receiver

1.10.1 Choosing the tuning method

The tuning method can be selected with the TUNE box at the top of the screen.

1. Select the TUNE box (TUNE AUTO or TUNE MAN) at the top of the screen.

1. RADAR OPERATION

Tuning bar

Place arrow inside box to adjust tuning, when TUNE MAN is selected.

Tuning method (AUTO or MAN)

2. Push the left button or scrollwheel to display TUNE AUTO or TUNE MAN as appropriate.

3. If you used the scrollwheel to select tuning method, push the scrollwheel or

the left button to change setting.

1.10.2 Initializing tuning

Automatic tuning is initialized during the installation. However, if you feel that automatic tuning is not working properly try re-initializing it as follows:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 1 [ECHO].

[ECHO]

1 BACK

ECHO REJ

2 2

OFF/ON

3 TUNE INITIALIZE

4 PM*

5 SART OFF/ON 6 WIPER OFF/1/2 7 ECHO AREA*

8 [PICTURE SELECT]

9 STC RANGE +00

OFF/ON

CIRCLE/WIDE/ALL

TUNE AUTO

Tuning level

TUNE box

Not available on FAR-2157/2167DS

Not available on IMO or A type

ECHO menu

3. Select 3 TUNE INITIALIZE. (For operation from the keyboard, press the [ENTER MARK] key.) "WARNING – TUNE INITIALIZE" appears in the Alert Box during the initialization.

4. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

1-15

Page 38

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.10.3 Automatic tuning

Select automatic tuning following section 1.10.1. The TUNE box shows TUNE AUTO.

1.10.4 Manual tuning

1. Select the 48-mile range from the RANGE box. Push the left button to lower the range; the right button to raise the range.

2. Select manual tuning following the procedure in section 1.10.1.

3. Use the trackball to place the arrow on the tuning bar area in the TUNE box.

4. Roll the scrollwheel to adjust tuning. The best tuning point is where the bar graph swings maximum. The arrow below the bar graph shows tuning control position; not the tuning condition.

1.11 Aligning Heading with Gyrocompass

With connection of a gyrocompass, ship's heading is displayed at the right side of the screen. Turn on the radar and match the on-screen GYRO readout with the gyrocompass reading as shown below. Once you have set the initial heading correctly, resetting is not usually required. This alignment is not necessary for the FURUNO SC-60/120 Satellite Compass.

1. Right-click the HDG box at the top right corner of the screen.

2. Roll the scrollwheel downward to select GC-10 SETTING.

[HDG MENU]

1 HDG SOURCE

AD-10/SERIAL

2 GC-10 SETTING

000.0°

HDG menu

1-16

Note: If the heading source selected is not suitable change it at 1 HDG

SOURCE to match your heading source.

3. Roll the scrollwheel to set the heading. (For entry through the keyboard, use the numeric keys.)

4. Push the scrollwheel to finish.

5. Push the right button to close the menu.

Page 39

1.12 Presentation Modes

This radar has the following presentation modes:

Relative Motion (RM)

Head-up: Unstabilized Head-up TB: Head-up with compass-stabilized bearing scale (True Bearing)

where the bearing scale rotates with the compass reading. Course-up: Compass-stabilized relative to ship’s orientation at the time of selecting course-up. North-up: Compass-stabilized with reference to north Stern-up: The radar image is rotated 180°. Graphics and relative and true

bearings are also rotated 180°.

True Motion (TM)

Land objects and sea are stationary. Requires compass and speed data.

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.12.1 Choosing presentation mode

By keyboard

Press the [MODE] key consecutively to select presentation mode desired. The PRESENTATION MODE box shows the current presentation mode. (See the illustration below.)

By trackball

Left-click the PRESENTATION MODE box at the top left corner of the screen to select a presentation mode.

Loss of gyrocompass signal When the compass signal is lost, "GYRO" appears in red in the Alert Box, the presentation mode automatically becomes head-up, and TT and AIS targets, map and chart are erased. After restoring the compass signal, "HEADING SET" appears in the Alert Box. Then, stop the alarm with the [ALARM ACK] key or the ALARM ACK box and check the GYRO data.

HEAD UP RM* * = Other modes:

STERN-UP, HEAD UP TB RM, COURSE UP RM, NORTH UP RM, NORTH UP TM

PRESENTATION MODE box

1-17

Page 40

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.12.2 Description of presentation modes

Head-up mode

The head-up mode is a display in which the line connecting own ship and the top of the display indicates own ship’s heading.

The target pips are painted at their measured distances and in their directions relative to own ship’s heading.

A short line on the bearing scale is the north marker indicating heading sensor north. A failure of the heading sensor input will cause the north marker to disappear and the readout to show ***.*° and the message HDG SIG MISSING appears in red at the lower-right corner of the screen.

North Marker

Heading Line

Note: When display is off-centered, the heading mark appears at 000 degrees.

Head-up mode

Course-up mode

The course-up mode is an azimuth-stabilized display in which a line connecting the center with the top of the display indicates own ship’s intended course (namely, own ship’s previous heading just before this mode has been selected).

Target pips are painted at their measured distances and in their directions relative to the intended course, which is maintained at the 0-degree position. The heading line moves in accordance with ship’s yawing and course change. This mode is useful to avoid smearing of picture during course change.

1-18

North Marker

Heading Line

Course-up mode

Page 41

1. RADAR OPERATION

Head-up TB (True Bearing) mode

Radar echoes are shown in the same way as in the head-up mode. The difference from normal head-up presentation lies in the orientation of the bearing scale. The bearing scale is heading sensor stabilized. That is, it rotates in accordance with the heading sensor signal, enabling you to know own ship’s heading at a glance.

This mode is available when the radar is interfaced with a gyrocompass. If the gyrocompass fails, the bearing scale returns to the state of head-up mode.

North-up mode

The north-up mode paints target pips at their measured distances and in their true (heading sensor) directions from own ship, north bearing maintained at the top of the screen. The heading line changes its direction according to the ship’s heading. Requires heading signal.

If the compass fails, the presentation mode changes to head-up and the north marker disappears. Also, the HDG indication shows ***.*°. And the message HDG SIG MISSING appears in red at the lower-right corner of the screen.

North Marker

Heading Line

North-up mode

1-19

Page 42

1. RADAR OPERATION

Stern-up mode

The stern-up mode rotates the head-up mode picture, relative and true bearings and display graphics 180°. This mode is useful on dual-radar tugboats when backing up; one radar shows head-up and another shows stern-up. To enable the stern-up mode, turn on STERN-UP on the 7 OPERATION menu.

North Marker

Stern-up mode

Heading Line

1-20

Page 43

1. RADAR OPERATION

True motion mode

Own ship and other moving objects move in accordance with their true courses and speed. In ground stabilized TM, all fixed targets, such as landmasses, appear as stationary echoes. In the sea stabilized TM without set and drift inputs, the landmass can move on the screen. Note that true motion is not available on the 72 nm (non-IMO type only) or 96 nm range scale. If COG and SOG (both over the ground) are not available on TM mode, enter the set (tide direction) and drift (tide speed) manually referring to the Tide Table.

When own ship reaches a point corresponding to 50% of the radius of the display, own ship position is automatically reset to a point of 75% radius opposite to the extension of the heading line passing through the display center. You may also reset the own ship symbol manually by pressing the [CU/TM RESET] key, or left-clicking the CU/TM RESET box at the bottom right corner of the display.

If the heading sensor fails, the mode is changed to the head-up and the north marker disappears. The HDG readout shows ***.*° and the message HDG SIG MISSING appears in red at the lower-right corner of the screen.

Note: A part of the bearing scale is drawn differently depending on antenna reference position. ANT: Bearing scale interval is different when display is offcentered. CONN: A part of the bearing scale is not displayed if the conning position is not within the radar display area.

Heading line

North Marker

Heading Line

True motion mode

Automatic resetting of own ship mark in true motion mode

North marker

(a) True motion is selected

(b) Own ship has reached a

point 75% of display radius

reset to 75% of radius

1-21

Page 44

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.13 Entering Own Ship's Speed

The TT and azimuth stabilized presentation modes require own ship speed input and compass signal. The speed can be entered from a log (STW) or GPS (SOG) or manually on the menu. Note that FURUNO GPS Navigator GP-90 provides COG and SOG.

1.13.1 Automatic speed input by log or GPS navigator

1. Right-click the SPD box at the top right corner of the screen.

2. Select 1 SHIP SPEED.

3. Select the appropriate source for automatic speed input then push the left button.

[SPEED MENU]

1 SHIP SPEED

LOG(BT)/LOG(WT)/ GPS/MANUAL/REF

2 MANUAL SPEED

0.0kn 3 SET DRIFT OFF/ON

SPEED menu

LOG (BT): Log, speed over ground (SOG). Note that a log cannot

produce BT (Bottom Tracking) speed in deep waters without set and drift entry.

LOG (WT): Log, speed thru water (STW) GPS: Speed input by GPS navigator MANUAL: Manually input speed REF: Echo-referenced speed input

4. Push the right button to close the menu.

Notes on speed input

• IMO Resolution A.823(19) for TT recommends that a speed log to be

interfaced with a TT should be capable of providing through-the-water speed (forward speed).

• Be sure not to select a LOG option when a speed log is not connected. If the

log signal is not provided, the ship speed readout at the top of the screen will be blank. In the event of a log error, enter speed manually.

• The SPD is shown as "*.* kn" and the label "LOG" (in red) appears and the

alarm buzzer sounds if no log signal is present for 30 s.

• With the serial speed inputs and SOG selection, if the type of data is changed

from SOG to STW the label "LOG" (in red) appears and the alarm buzzer sounds.

1-22

Page 45

• On the IMO type with AIS in use, LOG(WT), MANUAL and REF are shown in

gray to indicate they are not available for selection.

• A single-axis water log cannot measure speed when the wind is coming from

the leeway direction.

• If speed over the ground cannot be obtained in a deep area, select LOG(WT),

turn on SET DRIFT and enter set and drift values. See section 3.12 for the procedure.

1.13.2 Manual speed input

If the speed log is not working, enter speed manually as below. In this case the speed data type is shown as MANUAL and is speed thru water (STW). Manual speed input is not available on the IMO radar when the AIS feature is active.

1. Right-click the SPD box at the top right corner of the screen to display the SPEED menu.

2. Select 1 SHIP SPEED.

3. Select MANUAL then push the left button.

4. Select 2 MANUAL SPEED.

5. Roll the scrollwheel to set speed. (For entry through the keyboard, use the numeric keys.)

6. Push the left button to confirm setting.

7. Push the right button to close the menu.

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.14 Choosing a Range Scale

The selected range scale, range ring interval and pulselength are shown at the upper left corner on the screen. When a target of interest comes closer, reduce the range scale so that it appears in 50-90% of the display radius.

By keyboard

Use the [RANGE] key to select range desired. Hit the "+" part of the key to raise the range; the "-" part to lower the range.

By trackball

1. Use the trackball to select the RANGE box at the top left corner of the screen.

The guidance box shows "RANGE DOWN / RANGE UP."

2. Push the left button to lower the range; the right button to raise the range.

You may also select the range by rolling the scrollwheel then pushing it or the left button.

0.125

0.025

RANGE box

1-23

Page 46

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.15 Choosing a Pulselength

The pulselength in use is displayed at the upper-left position of the screen using the indications shown in the table below.

Label and pulselength

X-band 10, 25 kW, S-band 30 kW

Indication Pulselength (μs)

S1 (Short pulse 1) S2 (Short pulse 2) M1 (Medium pulse 1) M2 (Medium pulse 2) M3 (Medium pulse 3) L (Long pulse)

Appropriate pulselengths are preset to individual range scales and function keys. If you are not satisfied with the current pulselength settings, you may change them as shown below.

1.15.1 Choosing a pulselength

You can select the pulselength for the 0.5 to 24 nm range scales as below.

1. Right-click the PICTURE box at the left side of the screen to show the PICTURE menu.

0.07

0.15

0.3

0.5

0.7

1.2

Note: The PICTURE box sets up the radar picture according to expected

usage, such as harbor navigation, long range, short range, etc. For further details see section 1.35.

PICTURE menu

[PICTURE MENU]

1 INT REJECT

OFF/1/2/3

2 ECHO STRETCH

OFF/1/2/3

3 ECHO AVERAGE

OFF/1/2/3

4 NOISE REJ

OFF/ON

5 AUTO STC

OFF/ON

6 AUTO RAIN

OFF/1/2/3/4

7 VIDEO CONTRAST

1/2/3/4/

A/B/C 8 [PULSE] 9 [CONDITION] 0 DEFAULT

NO/SAVE/USER/

FACTORY

1-24

Page 47

2. Select 8 [PULSE].

1. RADAR OPERATION

[PULSE MENU]

1 BACK 2 0.5NM

S1/S2

3 0.75NM

S1/S2/M1

4 1.5NM

S1/S2/M1 5 3NM S2/M1/M2/M3 6 6NM M1/M2/M3/L 7 12-24NM M2/M3/L

3. Select a range then push the left button.

4. Select pulselength desired then push the left button.

5. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

1.15.2 Changing pulselength

PULSE menu

1. Use the trackball to select the PULSELENGTH box at the left side of the screen. The guidance box shows "PULSE SHORTER / PULSE LONGER."

PULSE XX*

* XX = Pulse width setting

PULSELENGTH box

2. Push the left button to shorten the pulselength or the right button to lengthen the pulselength. You may also select the pulselength by rolling the scrollwheel and pushing it or the left button.

1-25

Page 48

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.16 Adjusting the Sensitivity

The gain control adjusts the sensitivity of the receiver.

The proper setting is such that the background noise is just visible on the screen. If you set up for too little sensitivity, weak echoes may be missed. On the other hand excessive sensitivity yields too much background noise; strong targets may be missed because of the poor contrast between desired echoes and the background noise on the display.

To adjust receiver sensitivity, adjust the gain control so background noise is just visible on the screen.

By keyboard

While monitoring the gain level indicator at the top of the screen, operate the [GAIN] control to adjust the sensitivity.

By trackball

1. Use the trackball to place the arrow on the gain level indicator at the top of the screen.

Level bar

Place arrow inside window to adjust gain.

GAIN

2. Roll the scrollwheel downward to increase the gain or upward to decrease it.

100 levels (0-100) are available.

GAIN level indicator

1-26

Page 49

1.17 Reducing Sea Clutter

Echoes from waves cover the central part of the display with random signals known as sea clutter. The higher the waves, and the higher the antenna above the water, the further the clutter extends. When sea clutter masks the picture, reduce it by the A/C SEA control, either manually or automatically.

Note 1: When both sea clutter and rain clutter are reduced, the sensitivity is

decreased more than when only one is adjusted. For that reason adjust them carefully.

Note 2: The echo average (see 1.27) is useful for reducing reflections from the

sea surface. However, high-speed targets are harder to detect than stationary ones when the echo average is active.

1.17.1 Choosing method of adjustment

1. Use the trackball to select SEA AUTO or SEA MAN (whichever is shown) at the top of the display.

1. RADAR OPERATION

Level bar

Place arrow inside window to adjust A/C SEA.

SEA AUTO

A/C SEA adjustment method (SEA AUTO or SEA MAN)

A/C SEA level indicator

2. Push the left button to display SEA AUTO or SEA MAN as appropriate.

1.17.2 Automatic reduction of sea clutter

Auto A/C SEA allows for fine tuning of the A/C SEA circuit, within ±20 dB. Accordingly, with the bar reading set to 100, gain is not lowered to minimum as with manual A/C SEA on close-in ranges. Further, the auto A/C SEA level is low because the average value of the original input echo is low in areas where there are no sea surface reflections. For example, when the ship is alongside a quay and the radar picture shows echoes from both land and sea, you can observe the size of the echoes because the STC curve changes with the size of the echoes.

Note: The auto A/C function can erase weak target echoes. Adjust the control

carefully, watching the display.

By keyboard

1. Select SEA AUTO following the procedure in section 1.17.1.

2. While observing the A/C SEA level indicator, adjust the A/C SEA with the [A/C

SEA] control. 100 levels are available.

1-27

Page 50

1. RADAR OPERATION

By trackball

1. Select SEA AUTO following the procedure in section 1.17.1.

2. Use the trackball to place the arrow in the A/C SEA level indicator at the top of the display.

3. While observing the A/C SEA level indicator, roll the scrollwheel downward to increase the A/C SEA or upward to decrease it. 100 levels (0-100) are available.

1.17.3 Manual reduction of sea clutter

The A/C SEA control reduces the amplification of echoes at short ranges (where clutter is the greatest) and progressively increases amplification as the range increases, so amplification will be normal at those ranges where there is no sea clutter.

The proper setting of the A/C SEA should be such that the clutter is broken up into small dots, and small targets become distinguishable. If the setting is set too low, targets will be hidden in the clutter, while if the setting is too high, both sea clutter and targets will disappear from the display. In most cases adjust the control until clutter has disappeared to leeward, but a little is still visible windward. Be careful not to remove all sea clutter, because you may erase weak echoes. Further, the possibility of losing weak echoes is greater when you use both A/C SEA and A/C RAIN to reduce clutter.

1-28

By keyboard

Sea clutter at

screen center

A/C SEA adjusted;

sea clutter suppressed

1. Select SEA MAN following the procedure in section 1.17.1.

2. Watching the A/C SEA level indicator at the top of the display, adjust the A/C SEA with the [A/C SEA] control. 100 levels (0-100) are available.

By trackball

1. Select SEA MAN following the procedure in section 1.17.1.

2. Use the trackball to place the arrow on the A/C SEA level indicator at the top

of the display.

3. While observing the A/C SEA level indicator, roll the scrollwheel downward to increase the A/C SEA or upward to decrease it. 100 levels (0-100) are available.

Page 51

1.18 Reducing Rain Clutter

Use the AUTO RAIN and A/C RAIN to reduced rain clutter. AUTO RAIN reduces rain clutter in the picture and A/C RAIN reduces clutter picked up by the antenna.

Note 1: When both sea clutter and rain clutter are reduced the sensitivity is

decreased more than when only one is adjusted. For that reason adjust them carefully.

Note 2: The echo average (see 1.27) is useful for reducing reflections from the

sea surface. However, high-speed targets are harder to detect than stationary ones when the echo average is active.

1.18.1 Automatic reduction of rain clutter

Left-click the AUTO RAIN indication at the left side of the screen to select AUTO RAIN setting desired. The higher the number, the greater the degree of rain clutter reduction. OFF turns off the AUTO RAIN feature.

Note: AUTO RAIN can also be controlled from the PICTURE box.

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.18.2 Manual reduction of rain clutter

The vertical beam width of the antenna is designed to see surface targets even when the ship is rolling. However, by this design the unit will also detect rain clutter (rain, snow, or hail) in the same manner as normal targets.

The A/C RAIN control adjusts the receiver sensitivity as the A/C SEA control does but rather in a longer time period (longer range). The higher the setting the greater the anti-clutter effect. When echoes from precipitation mask solid targets, adjust the A/C RAIN control to split up these unwanted echoes into a speckled pattern, making recognition of solid targets easier. Be careful remove all rain clutter, because you can erase weak echoes. Further, the possibility of losing weak echoes is greater when you use both A/C RAIN and A/C SEA to reduce clutter.

Keyboard

Unwanted echoes are

A/C RAIN control adjusted.

1. Use the trackball to put the cursor in the A/C RAIN level indicator at the top right side of the display.

2. While observing the A/C RAIN level indicator, roll the scrollwheel

RAIN

Level bar (Shows A/C RAIN level.)

Place arrow inside window to adjust A/C RAIN.

downward to increase the A/C RAIN or upward to decrease it. 100 levels (0-100) are available.

1-29

Page 52

1. RADAR OPERATION

Note: The detection range is reduced when the A/C RAIN is used to show

targets in rain. Generally, the amount of rain, TX pulse length and TX frequency are factors in determining how the detection range is affected. The figures shown below illustrate this occurrence.

16 mm/h rain - short pulse

4 mm/h rain - short pulse 16 mm/h rain - long pulse 4 mm/h rain - long pulse

Reduction of Range of First Detection (NM)

4 mm/h rain - short pulse 16 mm/h rain - long pulse 4 mm/h rain - long pulse

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Reduction of rain to first detection due to rain at S-band

4 mm/h rain (short pulse)

16 mm/h rain (short pulse)

4 mm/h rain (short pulse)

16 mm/h rain (long pulse)

Original Range of First Detection (NM)

Reduction of Range of First Detection (NM)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

16 mm/h rain - short pulse 4 mm/h rain - short pulse 16 mm/h rain - long pulse 4 mm/h rain - long pulse

Original Range of First Detection (NM)

4 mm/h rain (short pulse)

4 mm/h rain (long pulse)

16 mm/h rain (short pulse)

16 mm/h rain (long pulse)

Reduction of rain to first detection due to rain at X-band

The author thanks the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) for permission to reproduce Information from its International Standard IEC 62388 ed.1.0 (2007). All such extracts are copyright of IEC, Geneva, Switzerland. All rights reserved. Further information on the IEC is available from www.iec.ch. IEC has no responsibility for the placement and context in which the extracts and contents are reproduced by the author, nor is IEC in any way responsible for the other content or accuracy therein.

1-30

How to read the graph Using the X-band graph as an example, here is how to read the graphs. A radar target detected in rain on the 8 nm range scale can only be detected at the ranges shown below: 4 mm/h rain (short pulse): approx 7.5 nm 16 mm/h rain (short pulse): approx 5.6 nm 4 mm/h rain (long pulse): approx 2.6 nm 16 mm/h rain (long pulse): approx 0.9 nm

Page 53

1.19 Measuring Range

The range to a target may be measured three ways: with the fixed range rings, with the cursor, or with the VRM.

Use the fixed range rings to get an estimate of the range to a target. The rings are the concentric solid circles on the display. The number of rings is automatically set by the current range scale. The distance between the rings is the range ring interval, and the current interval appears at the upper-left position on the screen. To measure the range to a target with the range rings, count the number of rings between the center of the display and the target. Check the range ring interval and estimate the distance of the echo from the inner edge of the nearest ring.

1.19.1 Showing, hiding the fixed range rings

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 [MARK].

1. RADAR OPERATION

[MARK]

1 BACK 2 OWN SHIP MARK OFF/MIN/SCALED 3 STERN MARK OFF/ON 4 [PI LINE] 5 ANCHOR WATCH OFF/ON

0.0NM 6 DROP MARK OFF/ON 7 [INS MARK] 8 EBL OFFSET BASE STAB GND/STAB HDG/ STAB NORTH 9 [EBL, VRM, CURSOR SET]* 0 RING OFF/ON

*1[BARGE MARK] depending on installation preset.

IMO and A types show 9 EBL CURSOR BEARING (REL/TRUE)

MARK menu

3. Select 0 RING.

4. Select OFF or ON as appropriate then push the left button.

5. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

1-31

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.19.2 Measuring range by the variable range marker (VRM)

There are two VRMs, No. 1 and No. 2, which appear as dashed rings so that you can distinguish them from the fixed range rings. The two VRMs can be distinguished from each other by the different lengths of their dashes; the dashes on the No. 2 VRM are longer.

000

010

By keyboard

350

340

No. 1 VRM

280

270

260

330

320

310

300

290

250

240

230

220

210

200

190

Measuring range with VRMs

020

030

150

160

170

180

45:02 99:59

Target

040

blip

050

060

070

080

090

100

110

120

130

140

>0.66NM<

VRM1

VRM2

TTG to VRM

No. 2 VRM

1.18NM

1. Press the [VRM ON] key to display either of the VRMs. Successively pressing the [VRM ON] key toggles the active VRM between No. 1 and No. 2. The currently active marker is enclosed with >...<.

2. Operate the VRM rotary control to align the active variable range marker with the inner edge of the target of interest and read its distance at the lower-right corner of the screen. Each VRM remains at the same geographical distance when you operate the [RANGE] key or the RANGE box. This means that the apparent radius of the VRM ring changes in proportion to the selected range scale.

3. Press the [VRM OFF] key to erase each VRM.

By trackball

1. Use the trackball to place the arrow in the VRM1 or VRM2 box, whichever VRM you want to use.

VRM1

VRM2

2. The guidance box reads "VRM ON/." Push the left button to turn on the VRM. The guidance box now reads "VRM SET L = DELETE /."

3. Push the left button again and the cursor jumps to inside the effective display area. The guidance box now reads "VRM FIX / EXIT."

4. Use the trackball (coarse adjustment) or scrollwheel (fine adjustment) to align the active variable range marker with the inner edge of the target of interest and read its distance at the lower-right corner of the screen. Each VRM remains at the same geographical distance when you operate the [RANGE] key. This means that the apparent radius of the VRM ring changes in proportion to the selected range scale.

5. Push the left button to anchor the VRM and fix its readout, or push the right button to return the VRM to its previous location (range).

6. To erase a VRM, select the appropriate VRM readout box then push the left button until the VRM disappears from the screen.

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Page 55

1.19.3 VRM unit of measurement (B and C types)

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 [MARK].

3. Select 9 [EBL, VRM, CURSOR SET] then push the scrollwheel.

4. Select VRM1 or VRM2 as appropriate and push the scrollwheel.

5. Select unit of measurement desired then push the scrollwheel.

6. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

1.19.4 TTG to VRM indication

You can show the TTG to VRMs as follows:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 9 [CUSTOMIZE·TEST] to open the CUSTOMIZE·TEST menu.

3. Select 7 [OPERATION].

4. Select 0 NEXT.

5. Select 3 VRM TTG.

6. Select OFF, 1, 2 or 1+2 as applicable and push the left button.

OFF: NO VRM TTG display 1: TTG to VRM1 2: TTG to VRM2 1+2: TTG to VRM1 and VRM2

7. Push the right button four times to close the menu.

1. RADAR OPERATION

TTG indication

VRM and TTG indications

00:00

VRM1

>3.682NM<

1-33

Page 56

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.20 Measuring Bearing

Use the Electronic Bearing Lines (EBLs) to take bearings of targets. There are two EBLs, No. 1 and No. 2. Each EBL is a straight dashed line extending out from the own ship position up to the circumference of the radar picture. The two EBLs can be distinguished from each other by the different lengths of their dashes; the dashes on the No. 2 EBL are longer.

Each EBL carries a range marker, or a short line crossing the EBL at right angles. Its distance from the EBL origin is indicated at the VRM readout whether or not the corresponding VRM is displayed. The range marker changes its position along the EBL with the rotation of the VRM control. To operate this marker, rotate the VRM rotary control on the full keyboard, or put the cursor in the applicable VRM box and roll the scrollwheel.

1.20.1 Measuring bearing

By keyboard

1. Press the [EBL ON] key to display either of the EBLs. Successive presses of

the [EBL ON] key toggle the active EBL between No. 1 and No. 2. The currently active marker is enclosed with >...<.

2. Operate the EBL rotary control clockwise or counterclockwise until the active

EBL bisects the target of interest, and read its bearing at the lower-left corner of the screen.

3. Press the [EBL OFF] key to erase each EBL.

By trackball

1. Use the trackball to place the arrow in the EBL1 or EBL2 box, whichever EBL you want to use.

EBL1

EBL2

EBL boxes

2. The guidance box reads "EBL ON/." Push the left button to turn on the EBL.

The guidance box now reads "EBL SET L=DELETE /."

3. Push the left button again and the cursor jumps to inside the effective display

area. The guidance box now reads "EBL FIX L=DELETE/."

4. Use the trackball (coarse adjustment) or scrollwheel (fine adjustment) to

bisect the target with the EBL.

5. Push the left button to anchor the EBL and fix its readout, or push the right

button to return the EBL to its previous location (bearing).

6. To erase an EBL, select the appropriate EBL readout box then push the left

button until the EBL disappears from the screen.

1-34

Page 57

350

340

No. 2 EBL

290

280

270

260

250

EBL1

EBL2

320

310

300

240

230

220

>128.0°T<

100.8

330

Range markers on EBLs

210

200

190

Measuring bearing with EBLs

1.20.2 True or relative bearing

000

180

010

020

160

170

VRM1

VRM2

030

150

040

050

060

110

120

130

140

>10.2

12.1NM

Target blip

070

080

090

100

1. RADAR OPERATION

No. 1 EBL

The EBL readout is affixed by "R" (relative) if it is relative to own ship's heading, "T" (true) if it is referenced to the north. Available on the IMO and A type radars. True or relative indication is available regardless of presentation mode.

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 [MARK] to open the MARK menu.

3. Select 9 [EBL, VRM, CURSOR SET] (B, C and W types) or 9 EBL CURSOR BEARING (IMO and A types). For the B, C and W types the menu below appears; go to step 4. For the IMO and A types go to step 5.

4. Select EBL1 or EBL2 as applicable.

5. Select REL or TRUE as applicable.

6. Push the right button twice to close the

[EBL, VRM, CURSOR SET]

1 BACK 2 EBL1 REL/TRUE 3 EBL2 REL/TRUE 4 VRM1 NM/SM/km/kyd 5 VRM2 NM/SM/km/kyd 6 CURSOR BEARING REL/TRUE 7 CURSOR RANGE NM/SM/km/kyd 8 [◊ CURSOR SHAPE]*

menu.

Note: When the gyrocompass heading changes, the EBL and its indication change as follows:

Head-up / relative EBL indication and EBL marker are unchanged. Head-up / true EBL indication does not change, however the EBL

marker moves accordingly.

Course-up / relative EBL indication does not change, however the EBL

marker moves accordingly. Course-up / true EBL indication and EBL marker are unchanged. North-up / relative EBL indication does not change, however the EBL

marker moves accordingly. North-up / true EBL indication and EBL marker are unchanged.

1-35

Page 58

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.21 Collision Assessment by Offset EBL

The origin of the EBL can be placed anywhere with the trackball to enable measurement of range and bearing between any targets. This function is also useful for assessment of the potential risk of collision. It is possible to read CPA (Closest Point of Approach) by using a VRM as shown in (a) in the illustration on the next page. If the EBL passes through the sweep origin (own ship) as shown in (b) in the illustration on the next page, the target ship is on a collision course.

1.21.1 How to assess risk of collision by the offset EBL

By keyboard

1. Press the [EBL ON] key to display or activate an EBL (No. 1 or No. 2).

2. Put the cursor (+) on a target appearing as threatening (A in the illustrated example on the next page) by operating the trackball.

3. Press the [EBL OFFSET] key, and the origin of the active EBL shifts to the cursor position. Press the [EBL OFFSET key] again to anchor the EBL origin.

4. After waiting for a few minutes (at least 3 minutes), operate the EBL rotary control until the EBL bisects the target at the new position (A'). The EBL readout shows the target ship's course, which may be true or relative depending on the EBL bearing reference setting.

Note: If relative motion is selected, it is also possible to read CPA by using a

VRM as shown in left-hand figure at the top of the next page. If the EBL passes through the sweep origin (own ship) as illustrated in the right-hand figure at the top of then next page, the target ship is on a collision course.

5. To return the EBL origin to the own ship's position, press the [EBL OFFSET] key twice.

By trackball

1. Display an EBL, following steps 1-3 in "By trackball" in section 1.20.1.

2. With the cursor inside the effective display area, push the left button, roll the

scrollwheel to show "EBL OFFSET / EXIT" in the guidance box then push the left button.

3. Use the trackball to place the offset EBL on a target appearing as threatening

(A in the illustrated example on the next page) then push the left button to anchor the EBL origin.

4. After waiting for a few minutes (at least 3 minutes), operate the EBL used in step 1 until it bisects the target at the new position (A'). The EBL readout shows the target ship's course, which may be true or relative depending on the EBL bearing reference setting.

To return the EBL origin to the screen center, show "EBL OFFSET / EXIT" in the guidance window then push the left button.

1-36

Page 59

1. RADAR OPERATION

330

210

350

340

200

190

180

290

280

270

260

250

No. 1 EBL

EBL1

310

300

240

230

>150.3°T<

320

220

000

010

350

340

330

210

200

190

180

170

020

030

150

160

VRM1

040

050

060

070

080

090

100

110

120

130

140

(a) (b)

>3.85NM<

280

270

260

No. 1 EBL

EBL1

320

310

300

290

250

240

230

220

>138.2°T<

000

Collision assessment by offset EBL

1.21.2 Point of reference for origin point of offset EBL

The origin point of the offset EBL can be ground stabilized (geographically fixed), north stabilized (true) or referenced to own ship’s heading (relative).

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 [MARK] to open the MARK menu.

010

170

020

030

150

160

VRM1

040

050

060

070

080

090

100

110

120

130

140

>3.85NM<

[MARK]

1 BACK 2 OWN SHIP MARK OFF/MIN/SCALED 3 STERN MARK OFF/ON 4 [PI LINE] 5 ANCHOR WATCH OFF/ON

0.0NM 6 DROP MARK OFF/ON 7 [INS MARK]

* 8 EBL OFFSET BASE STAB GND/STAB HDG/ STAB NORTH 9 [EBL, VRM, CURSOR SET]* 0 RING OFF/ON

*1[BARGE MARK] depending on installation preset.

IMO and A types show

9 EBL CURSOR BEARING (REL/TRUE)

MARK menu

3. Select 8 EBL OFFSET BASE.

4. Select STAB GND, STAB HDG or STAB NORTH as applicable. STAB GND: Reference to latitude and longitude. Origin position is always fixed regardless of your ship's movement. STAB HDG: Reference to heading. The relationship between origin position and own position is kept always. STAB NORTH: Reference to North. The origin position changes with North position.

5. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

1-37

Page 60

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.22 Measuring Range and Bearing Between Two Targets

By keyboard

1. Press the [EBL OFFSET] key. Operate the trackball to place the origin of the

No. 1 EBL, for example, on a target of interest (target 1 in the illustrated example).

2. Operate the EBL rotary control until the EBL passes through another target of

interest (target 2).

3. Operate the VRM rotary control until the range marker on the EBL is on the

inside edge of target 2. The active VRM readout at the lower-right corner of the screen indicates the distance between the two targets.

4. You can repeat the same procedure on third and fourth targets (targets 3 and

4) by using the No. 2 EBL and the No. 2 VRM.

Bearing is shown relative to own ship with suffix "R" or as a true bearing with suffix "T" depending on EBL relative/true settings of EBL CURSOR BEARING in the MARK menu. To return the EBL origin to the screen center, press the [EBL OFFSET] key again.

By trackball

1. Display an EBL, following the

steps 1-3 in section 1.20.1.

2. With the cursor inside the

effective display area, push the left button, roll the scrollwheel to show "EBL OFFSET / EXIT" in the guidance box then push the left button.

3. Use the trackball to put the

cursor on target 1 then push the left button.

No.1 EBL

EBL1

EBL2

Range Marker

310

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

230

>140.0°R<

335.2

320

EBL origin

220

340

330

Target 2

Target 1

210

200

350

190

000

010

Target 4

170

180

020

160

030

040

Target 3

140

150

VRM1

VRM2

No. 2 EBL

050

060

070

080

090

100

110

120

130

>0.50NM<

0.98NM

Range Marker

4. Operate the No. 1 VRM until

the range marker on the EBL aligns with target 2. The active VRM readout at the lower-right

Range/bearing between targets 1 and 2

Range/bearing between targets 3 and 4

corner of the screen indicates the distance between the two targets.

5. You can repeat the same procedure on third and fourth targets (targets 3 and

4) by using the No. 2 EBL and the No. 2 VRM.

To return the EBL origin to the screen center, show "EBL OFFSET / EXIT" in the guidance window then push the left button.

1-38

Page 61

1.23 Target Alarm

The target alarm serves to alert the navigator to targets (ships, landmasses, etc.) entering a specific area, with audiovisual alarms.

• The alarm should not be relied upon as the sole means for detecting possible collision situations.

• A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and GAIN controls should be properly adjusted to be sure the alarm system does not overlook target echoes.

The target alarm zone has a fixed width of 0.5 nm in the radial direction (depth) and is adjustable from 3.0 to 6.0 nm (guard zone 1) and any distance (guard zone 2). On the Non-IMO radar the boundaries can be set at any distance. On any radar type the sector of the zone can be set from 0 to 360 degrees in any direction.

1. RADAR OPERATION

CAUTION

1.23.1 How to set a target alarm

The procedure below shows how to set a target alarm using the figure below as an example.

1. Left-click ALARM1 or ALARM2 box, whichever alarm you wish to put the cursor jumps into the effective display area and "SET" appears inside the ALARM box selected.

ALARM 1

ALARM 2

2. Use the trackball to put the cursor on point "A" then push the left button.

3. Use the trackball to put the cursor on point "B" then push the left button. "WORK" replaces "SET" in the ALARM box. The target alarm zone’s lines are shown in dashed lines.

000

010

350

340

330

320

310

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

230

220

210

200

190

020

160

170

180

Target alarm zone

030

040

050

060

070

080

100

110

120

130

140

150

090

Other alarm zone examples

Point A

ALARM boxes

Point B

Point A

Point B

Target alarm zone

1-39

Page 62

1. RADAR OPERATION

Note 1: If you wish to create a target alarm zone having a 360-degree coverage

around own ship, set point "B" in almost the same direction as point "A."

Note 2: Two target alarm zones may be set. Note however that the 2

alarm zone is available only when the 1

Note 3: When the target alarm zone is not within the range in use the indication

UP RNG appears to the right of the ALARM box. In this case select a range that will display the target alarm zone.

1.23.2 Acknowledging the target alarm

A target in the target alarm zone produces both visual (flashing) and audible (beep) alarms. To silence the audio alarm, press the [ALARM ACK] key on the full keyboard or select the appropriate ALARM box then push the left button. The ALARM box shows "ALARMx ACK." This will deactivate the audio alarm but will not stop the flashing of the offending target. To reactivate the audio alarm, press the [ALARM ACK] key again or select the ALARM box then push the left button. (When an external buzzer is connected, the audio alarm does not stop until the alarm zone itself is deactivated.) The ALARM box shows "ALARMx WORK."

target alarm zone is active.

target

1.23.3 Deactivating a target alarm

Left-click ALARM1 or ALARM2 box, whichever alarm you wish to deactivate, until the alarm status in the ALARM box disappears. In this radar deactivation of the target alarm zone 1 deactivates target alarm zone 2 .

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Page 63

1.23.4 Target alarm attributes

You may select the echo strength level that triggers the alarm, the condition that generates the alarm and the volume of the audio alarm as follows:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 3 [ALARM].

3. Select 2 TARGET ALARM MODE.

4. Select IN or OUT as appropriate.

IN: Targets entering the zone trigger the alarms. OUT: Targets exiting the zone trigger the alarms.

[ALARM]

1 BACK 2 TARGET ALARM MODE IN/OUT 3 TARGET ALARM LEVEL 1/2/3/4 4 WATCH ALARM OFF/6M/10M/ 12M/15M/20M 5 ALARM SOUND LEVEL OFF/LOW/MID/HIGH 6 [ALARM OUT1] 7 [ALARM OUT2] 8 [ALARM OUT3] 9 [ALARM OUT4] 0 [PRIMARY ALARM]

1. RADAR OPERATION

ALARM menu

Inward target alarm

Outward target alarm

Alarm types

5. Select 3 TARGET ALARM LEVEL.

6. Select echo strength level that will trigger the alarm. "1" is highest strength.

7. Select 5 ALARM SOUND LEVEL.

8. Select audio alarm volume, among OFF, LOW, MID and HIGH.

Note: 5 ALARM SOUND LEVEL also sets the level of the audio alarm for the

watch alarm.

9. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

1-41

Page 64

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.24 Off-Centering the Display

Own ship position, or sweep origin, can be displaced to expand the view field without switching to a larger range scale. The sweep origin can be off-centered to the cursor position, but not more than 75% of the range in use; if the cursor is set beyond 75% of the range scale, the sweep origin will be off-centered to the point of 75% of the limit.

This feature is not available on the 96 nm range or in the true motion mode.

If the conning position is outside the effective radar display, some parts of the bearing scale are not shown. For details, see section 1.50.

To off-center the radar picture, do the following:

By keyboard

1. Use the trackball to put the cursor at a position where you wish to move the sweep origin.

2. Press the [OFF CENTER] key. Then, the sweep origin is off-centered to the cursor position.

3. To cancel off-centering, press the [OFF CENTER] key again.

By trackball

1. With the cursor inside the effective display area, roll the scrollwheel to display "OFF CENTER / EXIT" in the guidance box.

2. Use the trackball to put the cursor

Cursor

where you want to locate the screen center.

3. Push the left button to off center the

Put cursor where desired and do appropriate OFF CENTER

rocedure

Off-centered display

sweep origin.

4. To cancel the off-center function, push the left button when the guidance box reads "OFF CENTER / EXIT."

Note: When the conditions shown below are met, offcenter cannot be cancelled. This is because the radar antenna position is located at a position greater than 75% of the effective radar display.

- Own ship marker is large

- The distance between antenna position and conning position is large

- Short-distance display range.

To cancel the offcenter first select a larger range then cancel the offcenter.

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1.25 Interference Rejector

Mutual radar interference may occur in the vicinity of another shipborne radar operating in the same frequency band. It is seen on the screen as a number of bright spikes either in irregular patterns or in the form of usually curved spoke-like dotted lines extending from the center to the edge of the picture. Activating the interference rejector circuit can reduce this type of interference.

The interference rejector is a kind of signal correlation circuit. It compares the received signals over successive transmissions and reduces randomly occurring signals. There are three levels of interference rejection depending on the number of transmissions that are correlated.

1. RADAR OPERATION

To adjust the interference rejector, left-click IR indication at the left side of the screen to select rejection level. "3" provides the highest degree of reduction.

Note: The interference rejector can also be adjusted from the PICTURE box.

1.26 Echo Stretch

The echo stretch feature enlarges targets in the range and bearing directions to make them easier to see, and it is available on any range. There are three types of echo stretch, 1, 2 and 3, and the higher the number the greater the amount of stretch.

Note: The echo stretch magnifies not only small target pips but also returns

(clutter) from sea surface, rain and radar interference. For this reason, make sure these types of interference have been sufficiently reduced before activating the echo stretch.

To set echo stretch, left-click the ES indication at the left side of the display.

Interference

Note: Echo stretch can also be adjusted from the PICTURE box.

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.27 Echo Averaging

The echo averaging feature effectively reduces sea clutter. Echoes received from stable targets such as ships appear on the screen at almost the same position every rotation of the antenna. On the other hand, unstable echoes such as sea clutter appear at random positions.

To distinguish real target echoes from sea clutter, echoes are averaged over successive picture frames. If an echo is solid and stable over successive frames, it is presented in its normal intensity. Sea clutter is averaged over successive scans and its brilliance reduced, making it easier to discriminate real targets from sea clutter.

Echo averaging uses scan-to-scan signal correlation technique based on the true motion over the ground of each target. Thus, small stationary targets such as buoys will be shown while reducing random echoes such as sea clutter. True echo averaging is not however effective for picking up small targets running at high speeds over the ground.

Note 1: With echo average active it is harder to detect high-speed targets than

stationary ones.

Note 2: Do not use the echo averaging function under heavy pitching and

rolling; loss of targets can result.

Note 3: Echo averaging can be used without a heading sensor. For further

details, contact your dealer.

Note 4: Echo averaging requires heading, position and speed data.

Before using the echo averaging function, reduce sea clutter with the A/C SEA control. Leave a little sea clutter on the screen so as not to erase weak targets. Then, do as follows:

Left-click the EAV indication at the left side of the display.

1-44

OFF: Echo averaging OFF 1, 2: Detects targets hidden in sea clutter. "2" is more effective than "1" in

detecting targets hidden in strong sea clutter. However, "1" is more effective than "2" in displaying high-speed targets. Select the setting best suited to current conditions. For effective monitoring of high-speed craft, you should use "2" together with Wiper.

3: Stably displays unstable targets; distinguishes high-speed craft from

sea clutter.

Note: Echo averaging can also be adjusted from the PICTURE box.

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1.28 Noise Rejector

White noise may show itself on the screen as random "speckles" spread over the entire radar image. You can remove this noise as follows:

1. Right-click the PICTURE box at the left side of the screen to open the PICTURE menu.

[PICTURE MENU]

1 INT REJECT

OFF/1/2/3

2 ECHO STRETCH

OFF/1/2/3

3 ECHO AVERAGE

OFF/1/2/3

4 NOISE REJ

OFF/ON

5 AUTO STC

OFF/ON

6 AUTO RAIN

OFF/1/2/3/4

7 VIDEO CONTRAST

1/2/3/4/

A/B/C 8 [PULSE] 9 [CONDITION] 0 DEFAULT NO/SAVE/USER/ FACTORY

2. Select 4 NOISE REJ.

3. Select ON or OFF as appropriate.

4. Push the right button to close the menu.

1. RADAR OPERATION

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.29 Wiper

The wiper feature automatically reduces the brilliance of weak signals (noise, sea clutter, rain clutter, etc.) and unwanted signals such as radar interference to clear the picture of unwanted echoes. Its effect depends on the wiper setting used and whether each averaging is turned on or off, as described below.

Echo averaging and wiper states and wiper effect

Wiper setting 1 Wiper setting 2 Echo averaging OFF Condition A Condition A Echo averaging ON (1/2/3) Condition A Condition B

Condition A: The brilliance of unwanted weak echoes, such as noise, sea clutter and rain clutter, is reduced to clear up the picture. The difference between wiper setting "1" and "2" is that brilliance is lowered more slowly in "2".

Condition B: Echo averaging is automatically activated when the wiper feature is turned on, allowing you to instantly see how the picture is affected with echo averaging turned off and turned on.

To activate the wiper feature, do the following:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 1 [ECHO] to open the ECHO menu.

[ECHO]

1 BACK

ECHO REJ

2 2

OFF/ON 3 TUNE INITIALIZE 4 PM

OFF/ON 5 SART OFF/ON 6 WIPER OFF/1/2 7 ECHO AREA*

CIRCLE/WIDE/ALL

8 [PICTURE SELECT]

9 STC RANGE +00

Not available on IMO or A type

ECHO menu

3. Select 6 WIPER.

4. Select OFF, 1 or 2 as appropriate.

5. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

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1.30 Target Trails

The trails of the radar echoes of targets may be displayed in the form of synthetic afterglow. Target trails are shown either relative or true and may be sea or ground stabilized. True motion trails require a compass signal, and position and speed data.

1.30.1 True or relative trails

You may display echo trails in true or relative motion. Relative trails show relative movements between targets and own ship. True motion trails present true target movements in accordance with their over-the-ground speeds and courses.

Note: When true trail is selected on the RM

mode, the TRAIL MODE box is shown in blue. The reference for the past position displays for AIS and TT is also switched whenever trail reference is switched.

1. Right-click the TRAIL MODE box at the bottom right corner of the screen to open the TRAIL menu.

1. RADAR OPERATION

(a) True target trails (No smearing of stationary targets)

(b) Relative target trails (Targets moving relative to own ship)

[TRAIL

1 TRAIL MODE

REL/TRUE

2 TRAIL GRAD

SINGLE/MULTI

3 NARROW TRAIL*

OFF/1/2

4 TRAIL LEVEL

1/2/3/4

5 TRAIL RESTART

OFF/ON

6 TRAIL COPY

OFF/ON

7 OS TRAIL

OFF/1/2

8 TRAIL LENGTH*

NORMAL/12H/24H/48H

9 TRAIL HIDE*

START 00:00 END 00:00

0 [TRAIL COLOR]*

MENU]

1,*2

*1Shown when 8 TRAIL LENGTH is selected to other than "NORMAL". Other than IMO and A types. W-type does not show 48H.

B and C types only

*3 B, C and W types

2. Select 1 TRAIL MODE.

3. Select TRUE or REL.

4. Push the right button to close the menu.

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.30.2 Trail time

Trail time, the trail plotting interval, may be selected as follows:

1. Select the arrow in the TRAIL MODE box at the bottom right corner of the screen.

* TRAIL ** 

* TRUE-S(or -G) or REL

S: Sea stablized G: Ground stabilized

2. Push the left button to select the trail time as below.

Control Available setting

Left button OFF, 15 sec, 30 sec, 1 min, 3 min, 6 min, 15 min, 30 min,

CONT(inuous)

Scrollwheel OFF, 15 sec, 30 sec, 1-30 min (30 sec intervals),

CONT(inuous)

The timer above the TRAIL MODE box counts up the trail time and is erased once the terminal count is reached. For example, if the trail time is six minutes, the timer is erased when trails have been plotted six minutes. The maximum time for continuous plotting is 99:59.

1.30.3 Trail gradation

The afterglow can be selected in a single tone or gradual shading.

Monotone

(Single)

** Trail time setting

TRAIL MODE box

Gradual shading

(Multi)

1-48

Trail gradation

1. Right-click the TRAIL MODE box to display the TRAIL menu.

2. Select 2 TRAIL GRAD.

3. Select SINGLE (single) or MULTI (multiple) as appropriate.

4. Push the right button to close the menu.

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1.30.4 Saving, copying target trails

By turning on the functions TRAIL RESTART and TRAIL COPY, you may continue painting target trails whenever the range scale is changed. The amount of range change determines how the radar paints trails. See the table below for details. Note however that if the previous range is restored within 10 seconds and the amount of range change is within 1/3, trails continue as before.

If trails become difficult to view, you may delete them. For details, see section

1.30.10.

Amount of range change How trails are processed

Large (ex. 3 nm→12 nm) Trails continue on targets that were within the

previous range scale. Trails are not initiated for

targets that were not within the previous range. Within 1/3 of previous range (ex. 3 nm→1.5 nm) Within 1/4 of previous range (ex. 3 nm→0.75 nm)

Trails continue on targets that were in the

previous range scale.

Trails are restarted.

No trail generated for target not within previous range

1. RADAR OPERATION

(a) Previous range

(b) New range

1. Right-click the TRAIL MODE box to display the TRAIL menu.

2. Select 5 TRAIL RESTART.

3. Select ON or OFF as appropriate.

ON: Trails start extending on the newly selected range. OFF: Trails extend only on the range where they were initiated.

4. Select 6 TRAIL COPY.

5. Select ON or OFF as appropriate.

6. Push the right button to close the menu.

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1. RADAR OPERATION

The relationship between trail restart and trail copy depends on their status, as shown in the table below.

Trail restart Trail copy Trail status

ON ON Range changed while trail is ON: Trails continue on

ON OFF Range changed while trail is ON: Trails within the

OFF OFF/ON

targets within previous range.

previous range are erased then trails are restarted.

• Range changed while trail is ON: New trails not initiated. (Trails from previous range are stored in memory.)

• Range returned to previous range: Trails continues on targets stored in memory.

• Trails turned ON: Trails stored in memory are erased. (See section 1.30.10.) (Trails stored in the memory are erased and trails are then initiated on new range.)

1.30.5 Trail level

The level (intensity) of the afterglow that extends from radar targets may be selected as below.

1. Right-click the TRAIL MODE box to display the TRAIL menu.

2. Select 4 TRAIL LEVEL.

3. Select level desired. The higher the number the greater the intensity of the afterglow.

4. Push the right button to close the menu.

1.30.6 Narrow trails (B, C and W types)

Target trails may be painted with thinner lines if desired. This can be useful when there are a lot of targets on the screen and it is hard to distinguish one from another.

1. Right-click the TRAIL MODE box to display the TRAIL menu.

2. Select 3 NARROW TRAIL.

3. Select OFF, 1 or 2 as appropriate. "2" is thinner than "1".

4. Push the right button to close the menu.

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1.30.7 Longer trails (B, C and W types)

In addition to the trail times mentioned in section 1.30.2, you may also extend trails 12 ,24 or 48 hours.

1. Right-click the TRAIL MODE box to display the TRAIL menu.

2. Select 8 TRAIL LENGTH.

3. Select NORMAL, 12H, 24H or 48H as appropriate.

Note: 48H not available with W-type.

NORMAL: Trails are extended according to the setting made on the TRAIL

MODE box.

12H: Extend trails for 12 hours. 24H: Extend trails for 24 hours. 48H: Extend trails for 48 hours (not available on W type).

4. If you selected 12 hour, 24 hour or 48 hour, 9 TRAIL HIDE appears together with start and end times. This item allows you to designate a time period in which no trails will be extended. Enter time frame at START and END.

5. Push the right button to close the menu.

1. RADAR OPERATION

1.30.8 Temporarily removing trails from the display

You may wish to temporarily remove all trails from the display. Trails are removed but are continued internally.

By keyboard: Press the [CANCEL TRAILS] key to show OFF in the TRAIL MODE box. By trackball: Left-click the TRAIL MODE box to display OFF in the box.

1.30.9 Trail stabilization in true motion

True motion trails may be ground stabilized or sea stabilized. The TRAIL box shows current stabilization as TRUE-G or TRUE-S. To change stabilization mode, open the SPEED menu and set SHIP SPEED to BT (ground stabilization) or WT (sea stabilization).

1.30.10 Erasing trails

All trails may be erased (including those in the memory) and restarted to start trails fresh.

By keyboard: Press and hold down the [CANCEL TRAILS] key until trails disappear. By trackball: Left-click the TRAIL MODE box until all trails disappear.

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.30.11 Preventing sea clutter in true trails

You can prevent the display of sea clutter in true trails about your ship to clear the radar picture. Your ship's trails can also be shown or hidden.

1. Right-click the TRAIL MODE box to show the TRAIL menu.

2. Select 7 OS TRAIL and push the left button.

3. Roll the scrollwheel to select OFF, 1 or 2 as appropriate, referring to the table below.

Option Show own ship's trail Prevent sea clutter in true trails

OFF No No 1 Yes Yes 2 No Yes

4. Push the right button to close the menu.

1.31 PI (Parallel Index) Lines

PI lines are useful for keeping a constant distance between own ship and a coastline or a partner ship when navigating. Up to six sets of PI lines are available depending on the maximum number of PI lines selected on the menu. Max. 1 PI line: Six sets of PI lines (PI1 - PI6) Max. 2, 3 or 6 PI lines: Four sets of PI lines (PI1 – PI4)

You may control the orientation and interval of the PI lines from the PI line box, which is at the lower left corner.

lines

1.31.1 Displaying, erasing PI lines

By keyboard

1. With the menu closed, press the [INDEX LINE] key. The guidance box shows

"DISP PI LINE/."

2. While watching the PI line number box, press and hold the [INDEX LINE] key

to select a PI line. Press the key again to display or erase the PI line selected.

PI line number

PI line orientation

PI line interval

By trackball

1. Select the PI line number box and use the trackball to select a PI line

number.

2. Push the left button to turn the PI line on or off as appropriate.

PI 1

032.0°T

5.60NM

PI line boxes

Status (ON or OFF)

(Boxes not shown when PI line is OFF.)

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1.31.2 Adjusting PI line orientation, PI line interval

1. If not already displayed, show a PI line, referring to section 1.31.1.

2. Use the trackball to place the arrow in the PI line orientation box.

3. Roll the scrollwheel to adjust the PI

line orientation, between

PI line orientation

PI line interval

000.0-359.9(°T). Enter a negative value to move the PI line to the opposite side of the PI line passing through the own ship position.

4. Use the trackball to put the cursor in the PI line interval box.

5. Roll the scrollwheel to adjust the PI line interval.

1.31.3 PI line bearing reference

PI line bearing reference may be relative to own ship’s heading (Relative) or referenced to North (True) as below.

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 [MARK].

3. Select 4 [PI LINE].

4. Select 2 PI LINE BEARING.

5. Select REL or TRUE as appropriate.

6. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

[PI LINE]

1 BACK 2 PI LINE BEARING REL/TRUE 3 PI LINE 1/2/3/6 4 PI LINE MODE PARALLEL/PERPENDIC. 5 RESET PI LINE

NO/YES

1. RADAR OPERATION

PI 1 ON

032.0°T

5.60NM

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.31.4 Maximum number of PI lines to display

The maximum number of PI lines to display may be selected from 1, 2, 3 or 6 lines as below. The actual number of lines visible may be less depending on line interval. For the W specification radar, you may specify the number of lines for two sets of PI lines – the menu displays 4 PI LINE1 and 5 PI LINE2.

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 [MARK] to open the MARK menu.

3. Select 4 [PI LINE].

4. Select 3 PI LINE.

5. Select 1, 2, 3 or 6 as appropriate.

6. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

1.31.5 PI line orientation

PI lines orientation may be selected from parallel or perpendicular. This function is available when 3 PI LINE in the PI LINE menu is set for other than "1".

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 [MARK] to open the MARK menu.

3. Select 4 [PI LINE].

4. Select 4 PI LINE MODE.

5. Select PARALLEL or PERPENDIC. as appropriate.

6. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

1.31.6 Resetting PI lines

You can automatically return PI lines to default orientation, 0-degrees for parallel orientation, 90-degrees for perpendicular orientation. This is faster than doing it manually.

From the menu

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 [MARK] to open the MARK menu.

3. Select 4 [PI LINE].

4. Select 5 PI LINE MODE.

5. Select YES.

6. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

From the PI line number box

Put the cursor on the PI line number box and long-push the left button.

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1.32 Origin Mark

You can mark any prominent target or a point of particular interest using the origin mark feature. Twenty origin marks may be entered: 10 standard origin marks (with number) and one each of the 10 symbol origin marks. The marks may be geographically fixed (ground stabilized) or sea stabilized. To display the origin marks, heading signal and own ship position data are required.

1.32.1 Entering origin marks

1. Use the trackball to select the MARK box at the left side of the screen. The guidance box now reads "MARK SELECT / MARK MENU."

1. RADAR OPERATION

MARK 

Mark type last selected, mark number

MARK box

2. Push the right button to open the MARK menu.

[MARK MENU]

1 ORIGIN MARK STAB

GND/SEA

2 MARK KIND

ORIGIN MARK(No. )/ ORIGIN MARK(SYM)/ MAP MARK/ WP 1~50/ WP 51~ 100/ WP 101~150/ WP 151~198/

OWN SHIP SHAPE 8 MARK POSN CURSOR/OS/L/L

°000.00 N

00 000

°000.00 E 9 MAP DISPLAY OFF/ON 0 MAP MARK COLOR* RED/GRN/BLU/YEL/ CYA/MAG/WHT

* Not available on IMO or A type

-> +

MARK menu

3. Select 2 MARK KIND.

4. Select ORIGIN MARK (No.) or ORIGIN MARK (SYM) as appropriate. Select ORIGIN MARK (No.) to inscribe standard origin mark (

) plus mark number;

ORIGIN MARK (SYM) to inscribe desired origin mark symbol (no number).

5. Push the left button.

6. Push the right button to close the menu. The guidance box now reads "MARK SELECT / MARK MENU."

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1. RADAR OPERATION

7. With the cursor choosing the MARK box, Select mark number desired ("ORIGIN MARK(No.)" selected at step 4) or origin mark symbol ("ORIGIN MARK(SYM)" selected at step 4) then push the left button. The following origin marks are available.

8. Push the left button again. The cursor jumps into the effective display area and the guidance box now reads "MARK / EXIT."

9. Use the trackball to put the cursor on the location desired.

10. Push the left button to inscribe the origin mark at the cursor location. The bearing and range from the origin mark to the cursor location are shown just below the MARK box.

Origin mark (symbols)

Bearing and range from origin mark to cursor

MARK 

-> +

162.5°T 11.7

Mark box, showing bearing and range from origin mark

• To inscribe a different standard origin mark number or symbol origin mark,

repeat steps 7-10. (ORIGIN MARK(No.) or (ORIGIN MARK(SYM) should be preselected as appropriate.)

• To quit entering origin marks, push the right button when the guidance box

reads "MARK / EXIT."

• Origin mark data reads "- - -.-" when the cursor is placed outside the effective

display area.

• "ORIGIN" appear to the right of the MARK box when an origin mark item is

selected.

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1.32.2 Origin mark stabilization

Origin marks may be geographically fixed (ground stabilized) or moving (sea stabilized).

1. Right-click the MARK box to open the MARK menu.

1. RADAR OPERATION

[MARK MENU]

1 ORIGIN MARK STAB

GND/SEA

2 MARK KIND

ORIGIN MARK(No. )/ ORIGIN MARK(SYM)/ MAP MARK/ WP 1~50/ WP 51~ 100/ WP 101~150/ WP 151~198/

OWN SHIP SHAPE 8 MARK POSN CURSOR/OS/L/L

°000.00 N

00 000

°000.00 E 9 MAP DISPLAY OFF/ON 0 MAP MARK COLOR* RED/GRN/BLU/YEL/ CYA/MAG/WHT

* Not available on IMO or A type

MARK menu

2. Select 1 ORIGIN MARK STAB then push the scrollwheel.

3. Select GND or SEA as appropriate.

4. Push the right button to close the menu.

1.32.3 Deleting individual origin marks

The procedure below shows how to delete individual origin marks. Note that origin marks cannot be deleted collectively.

1. With the cursor inside the effective display area, roll the scrollwheel to display "MARK DELETE / EXIT" in the guidance box.

2. Use the trackball to put the cursor on the origin mark you wish to erase.

3. Push the left button or the scrollwheel to erase the mark.

4. To erase another mark, repeat steps 2 and 3.

5. To finish, push the right button when the guidance box reads "MARK DELETE / EXIT."

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.33 Zoom

The zoom function enlarges an area of interest as large as twice the normal viewing size, in the text window. To use the zoom display, it must be turned on in the DATA BOX menu. For further details, see section 1.42.

Zoom is not available when the tracked target data setting is "LARGE".

1. With the cursor inside the effective display area, roll the scrollwheel to display "ZOOM / EXIT" in the guidance box.

2. Use the trackball to select the location to zoom.

3. Push the left button or the scrollwheel. A rectangle inscribes the location zoomed and the zoom display at the right side of the screen shows the zoomed picture.

Zoom Area

Zoom area selected with the cursor

Data Box

Zoom display (Appears in box above when nav data is turned off.)

Zoom display

To quit the zoom display, push the left button when the guidance box reads "ZOOM / EXIT."

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1.34 Markers

1.34.1 Heading line

The heading line is a line from the own ship position to the outer edge of the radar display area and appears at zero degrees on the bearing scale in head-up mode; it changes the orientation depending on the ship orientation in north-up and true motion modes.

Temporarily erasing the heading line

To temporarily extinguish the heading line to look at targets existing dead ahead of own ship, press the [HL OFF] key on the keyboard, or use the

trackball to select the HL OFF box at the bottom left corner of the display then push the left button. In addition to the heading line, the stern marker and all graphics within the effective display are also erased. To redisplay the heading line, etc., release the key or the left button.

1.34.2 Stern marker

1. RADAR OPERATION

The stern marker, which is a dot-and-dash line, appears opposite to the heading line. To display or erase this marker do the following:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the MAIN menu.

2. Select MARK to show the MARK menu.

3. Select 3 STERN MARK.

4. Select OFF or ON as appropriate.

5. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

1.34.3 North marker

The north marker appears as a short dashed line. In the head-up mode, the north marker moves around the bearing scale in accordance with the compass signal.

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.34.4 Own ship symbol

The own ship symbol marks own position on the display. It can be turned on or off and its configuration selected from the MARK menu. Two configurations are available: minimized symbol and scaled symbol. The scaled symbol is scaled to indicate the length and beam of the vessel. If the largest dimension of the symbol gets smaller than 6 mm, the symbol will disappear and own ship will be with a minimized symbol. Ship’s dimensions should be entered at installation to use the scaled ship symbol.

Antenna position

Scaled symbol

Heading line

Beam line

Heading line

Beam line

Minimized symbol

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 to show the MARK MENU.

3. Select OFF, MIN or SCALED as appropriate.

4. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.34.5 Barge marker

You may mark the locations of barges on the display with icons. This feature is available with an installation preset. Set up barge information as follows:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 2 [MARK] to show the MARK menu.

3. Select 7 [BARGE MARK].

BARGE INFORMATION menu

4. Select 2 [BARGE MARK] and push the left button. Select ON and push the left button.

5. Select 3 BARGE SIZE and push the left button. Enter length (three digits) and width (two digits) of barge.

6. Select 4 ARRANGEMENT and push the left button. This item lets you set a single barge or a barge chain. Select one of the five arrangements and push the scrollwheel. Select number of barges (max. 9) to display. As you roll the scrollwheel the squares light or extinguish and the number of barges selected appears at the right side.

7. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

[BARGE INFORMATION]

1 BACK 2 BARGE MARK OFF/ON 3 BARGE SIZE LENGTH 0ft WIDTH 0ft 4 ARRANGEMENT

4

9 9 9

4

1.34.6 INS marker

You can get predicted position data by connecting this radar to an INS.

1. Open the menu and select 2 [MARK].

2. Spin the scrollwheel to select 7 [INS MARK] and 7 PREDICTOR.

3. Select ON.

4. Push the right button three times to close the menu.

Barge Far left is 1st row

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1. RADAR OPERATION

1.35 Automatic Picture Setup According to Navigation Purpose

Every time your navigating environment or task changes, you must adjust the radar, which can be a nuisance in a busy situation. Instead of changing radar settings case by case, it is possible to assign the function keys to provide optimum settings for often encountered situations.

The radar's internal computer offers several picture setup options to be assigned to each function key for your specific navigating requirements. For instance, one of the functions is assigned the ship detecting function and labeled SHIP on the on the PICTURE box. By choosing SHIP, the radar will be instantly set for optimum detection of ships.

Four user-programmable setups are also provided (labeled PICTURE1-PICTURE4), so that you may have the radar automatically adjusted to those conditions that are not covered by the provided setup options.

Below are the preset picture setup options provided with this radar.

Picture setup options description

Label Description Label Description

NEAR Optimum setting for short range

detection using a range scale of 3

nm or less on calm seas NEAR BUOY

HARBOR Optimum setting for short range

ROUGH SEA

Optimum setting for detecting

navigation buoys, small vessels

and other small surface objects at

close range

navigation in a harbor area, using

a range scale of 1.5 nm or less

Optimum setting for rough weather

or heavy rain

Each picture setup option defines a combination of several radar settings for achieving optimum setup for a particular navigating situation. Those involved are interference rejector, echo stretch, echo average, noise rejector, automatic anti-sea and anti-rain clutters, video contrast, and pulselength and sea and radar conditions.

Adjusting these features from the PICTURE menu changes the original function key settings. To restore the original settings for a particular picture setup option, it is necessary to select the default setting. For this reason, we recommended that you use the user-programmable function sets when frequent adjustment of the radar picture is necessary.

FAR Optimum setting for long range

FAR BUOY

COAST For coastal navigation using a

SHIP Optimum setting for detecting

detection using a range scale of 6 nm or larger Optimum setting for detecting navigation buoys, small vessels and other small surface objects at long range

range scale of 12 nm or less

vessels

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Picture setup options and default settings for X-band (12 kW/25 kW) and S-band (30 kW) radars

1 INT

REJECT PICTURE 1 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 1-B PICTURE 2 2 2 1 OFF OFF OFF 2-B PICTURE 3 2 OFF 2 OFF OFF OFF 1-B PICTURE 4 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF 2 2-A NEAR 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 2-B FAR 2 2 3 ON OFF OFF 3-B NEAR BUOY 2 1 1 OFF OFF OFF 2-B FAR BUOY 2 2 3 ON OFF OFF 3-B ROUGH SEA 2 OFF 2 OFF OFF OFF 2-A SHIP 2 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF 2-B HARBOR 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 2-B COAST 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 2-B

P/L on

0.5 nm PICTURE 1 S1 S2 S2 M1 M2 L 2 0 PICTURE 2 S2 S2 M1 M2 M3 L 2 0 PICTURE 3 S1 S2 S2 M1 M2 L 3 0 PICTURE 4 S1 S2 S2 M1 M2 L 2 0 NEAR S1 S1 S2 M1 M2 L 2 0 FAR S2 M1 M1 M3 L L 3 0 NEAR BUOY S2 M1 M1 M2 L L 2 0 FAR BUOY S2 M1 M1 M3 L L 2 0 ROUGH SEA S1 S1 S2 M1 M2 M3 4 0 SHIP S1 S2 M1 M2 M3 L 2 0 HARBOR S1 S1 S2 M1 M3 L 2 0 COAST S1 S2 M1 M2 M3 L 2 0

2 ECHO STRETCH

P/L on

0.75 nm

3 ECHO AVERAGE

8 PULSE 9 CONDITION

P/L on

1.5 nm

P/L on 3 nm

4 NOISE REJ

P/L on 6 nm P/L on

5 AUTO STC

12-24 nm

6 AUTO RAIN

Sea Cond. Low Level Echo

7 VIDEO CONTRAST

Picture setup options and default settings for X-band (50 kW) and S-band (60 kW) radars

1 INT

REJECT PICTURE 1 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 1-B PICTURE 2 2 2 1 OFF OFF OFF 2-B PICTURE 3 2 OFF 2 OFF ON OFF 1-B PICTURE 4 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF 2 2-A NEAR 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 2-B FAR 2 2 3 OFF ON OFF 3-B NEAR BUOY 2 1 1 OFF OFF OFF 2-B FAR BUOY 2 2 3 OFF ON OFF 3-B ROUGH SEA 2 OFF 2 OFF ON OFF 2-A SHIP 2 2 OFF OFF OFF OFF 3-B

P/L on

0.5 nm PICTURE 1 S S S M1 M2 L 2 0 PICTURE 2 S S M1 M2 L L 2 0 PICTURE 3 S S S M1 M2 L 3 0 PICTURE 4 S S S M1 M2 L 2 0 NEAR S S S M1 M2 L 2 0 FAR S S M1 M2 L L 3 0 NEAR BUOY S S M1 M2 M2 L 2 0 FAR BUOY S S M1 M2 L L 2 0 ROUGH SEA S S S M1 M2 L 4 0 SHIP S S M1 M2 L L 2 0

2 ECHO STRETCH

P/L on

0.75 nm

3 ECHO AVERAGE

8 PULSE 9 CONDITION

P/L on

1.5 nm

P/L on 3 nm

4 NOISE REJ

P/L on 6 nm P/L on

5 AUTO STC

12-24 nm

6 AUTO RAIN

Sea Cond. Low Level Echo

7 VIDEO CONTRAST

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1.35.1 Selecting a picture setup option

You may select a picture setup options as follows:

Left-click PICTURE box at the left side of the screen to select picture setup option desired.

NEAR BUOY* 

* Other possible indications: NEAR, FAR, FAR BUOY, ROUGH SEA, SHIP, HARBOR, COAST, PICTURE 1 - PICTURE 4

1.35.2 Programming and saving picture setups

User-programmable picture setups and they are provided in the PICTURE box. Normally, PICTURE1-PICTURE4 are for programming but you may program any other picture item as desired. You may program and save them as below.

1. Left-click the PICTURE box at the left side of the screen to select the item to program.

2. Push the right button to show the PICTURE menu.

[PICTURE MENU]

1 INT REJECT

OFF/1/2/3

2 ECHO STRETCH

OFF/1/2/3

3 ECHO AVERAGE

OFF/1/2/3

4 NOISE REJ

OFF/ON

5 AUTO STC

OFF/ON

6 AUTO RAIN

OFF/1/2/3/4

7 VIDEO CONTRAST

1/2/3/4/

A/B/C 8 [PULSE] 9 [CONDITION] 0 DEFAULT NO/SAVE/USER/ FACTORY

PULSE menu

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3. Set items 1-6 and 8 referring to the following sections: 1 INT REJECT: 1.25 5 AUTO STC: 1.17 2 ECHO STRETCH: 1.26 6 AUTO RAIN: 1.18 3 ECHO AVERAGE: 1.27 8 PULSE: 1.15 4 NOISE REJ: 1.28

4. Select 7 VIDEO CONTRAST.

5. Select 1, 2, 3 or 4 (Dynamic Range) or A, B, C (Curve) as appropriate. Refer to the description below and the illustration on the next page. 1-4: Control dynamic range. 1 provides the widest dynamic range; 4 is the narrowest dynamic range. A: Mid-level in the curve is low, so this setting is suitable for reducing rain clutter. B: Curve between A and C. C: Mid-level in the curve is high, so this setting is suitable for detecting distant targets.

* *

PICTURE level

4 3 2

5 db

7 db

9 db

11 db

VIDEO SIGNAL level

* Default

Video contrast settings

6. Select 9 [CONDITION] then push the scrollwheel to show the CONDITION menu.

[CONDITION MENU]

1 BACK 2 SEA CONDITION

1/2/3/4/5

3 ANT HEIGHT

5/7.5/10/15/20/ 25/30/35/40/45/

more50m 4 LOW LEVEL ECHO 0

CONDITION menu

7. Select 2 SEA CONDITION.

8. Select appropriate sea condition. The larger the number the rougher the sea state.

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9. Select 3 ANT HEIGHT.

10. Select appropriate radar antenna height (above the waterline).

11. If necessary, open the menu, select the ECHO menu and 9 STC RANGE to adjust effective STC range. The setting range is –10 to +10. The larger the number the longer the effective STC range becomes. Roll the scrollwheel to set. (Note that the keyboard cannot be used to enter the setting.)

12. If necessary Select 4 LOW LEVEL ECHO to reject low level echoes. The setting range is 0-8. The higher the figure the stronger the low level echo that is erased.

13. To save a program, Select 0 DEFAULT.

14. Select SAVE and push the scrollwheel or left button.

15. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

Note: You may also program and save other picture setups.

1.35.3 Restoring user settings

If you get lost in operation while adjusting the settings for a picture setup, you can easily restore user settings for that picture setup. Note that user settings are deleted when default settings are restored.

1. Left-click the PICTURE box at the left side of the screen to select the picture setup option for which you want to restore its user settings.

2. Push the right button to show the PICTURE menu.

3. Select 0 DEFAULT.

4. Select USER and push the left button or scrollwheel.

5. Push the right button to close the menu.

1.35.4 Restoring default picture setup options

Any of the radar functions programmed with the picture setup options may be adjusted as desired. If you get lost in operation and want to restore the default settings for a particular picture setup operation, do the following:

1. Left-click the PICTURE box at the left side of the screen to select the picture setup option for which you want to restore its default settings.

2. Push the right button to show the PICTURE menu.

3. Select 0 DEFAULT.

4. Select FACTORY and push the left button or scrollwheel.

5. Push the right button to close the menu.

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1.35.5 Disabling unnecessary picture setups

There are quite a few picture setups from which to select, some which you may not require. You can disable unnecessary ones as follows:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 1 [ECHO].

3. Select 8 [PICTURE SELECT].

4. Select 2 PICTURE SELECT.

5. Select the picture setup you wish to disable and push the left button.

6. Select OFF or ON as applicable and push the left button.

7. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

[PICTURE SELECT]

1 BACK 2 PICTURE SELECT PICTURE1 OFF/ON PICTURE2 OFF/ON PICTURE3 OFF/ON PICTURE4 OFF/ON NEAR OFF/ON FAR OFF/ON NEAR BUOY OFF/ON FAR BUOY OFF/ON ROUGH SEA OFF/ON SHIP OFF/ON HARBOR OFF/ON COAST OFF/ON

1. RADAR OPERATION

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1.36 Function Keys

Less-often used functions are provided in the menu. To avoid opening the menus to set up the radar for a particular situation, function keys F1-F4 may be assigned any of the functions shown in the CUSTOMIZE•TEST sub menu.

1.36.1 Activating function keys

To activate the function assigned to a function key, press the key to instantly set the radar for the preset purpose. Further press the key to select option.

Function key Default setting

F1 Interference Rejector F2 Echo Stretch F3 Auto Rain F4 Heading Line Off

1.36.2 Programming function keys

Do the following to program the function keys.

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 9 [CUSTOMIZE•TEST] then push the scrollwheel.

[CUSTOMIZE•TEST]

1 BACK 2 [DATA BOX] 3 [F1] 4 [F2] 5 [F3] 6 [F4] 7 [OPERATION] 8 [TEST]

CUSTOMIZE•TEST menu

3. Select 3 [F1], 4 [F2], 5 [F3] or 6 [F4], whichever function key you want to set,

For example, select 3 [F1] then push the left button.

[F1]

1 BACK 2 [ECHO] 3 [STD KEY] 4 [TT•AIS] 5 [OPERATION] 6 [PICTURE]

F1 menu

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4. Select appropriate category, ECHO, STD KEY, TT•AIS, OPERATION or PICTURE. Refer to the menus below to select appropriate category.

[ECHO]

1 BACK 2 PICTURE/ IR ES/ EAV/ NOISE REJ/ ANT SELECT/ PULSE LENGTH/ A/C SEA SELECT/ AUTO RAIN SELECT/ TUNE SELECT/ ANT HEIGHT/ SEA CONDITION/ 2ND ECHO REJ/ PM/ SART WIPER

[TT•AIS]

1 BACK 2 DISP TT/ DISP AIS/ TA RGET DATA & ACQ/ PAST POSN INTERVAL/ REF MARK/ CPA LIMIT/ CPA/ TCPA/ AZ1/ AZ2/ TARGET LIST SORT/ TRIAL MANEUVER/ ASSOCIATION/ AIS MESSAGE/ TRIAL MODE CHANGE AIS SCALED SYMBOL

[PICTURE]

1 BACK 2 PICTURE1/ PICTURE2/ PICTURE3/ PICTURE4/ NEAR/ FAR/ NEAR BUOY/ FAR BUOY/ ROUGH SEA/ SHIP/

HARBOR COAST

[STD KEY]

1 BACK 2 ALARM ACK/ STBY TX/ HL OFF/ EBL OFFSET/ MODE/ OFF CENTER/ CU TM RESET/ PI LINE/ VECTOR TIME/ VECTOR MODE/ TARGET LIST/ TRAIL/ BRILL/ MARK/ MENU/ RANGE UP/ RANGE DOWN/ ACQ/ TARG ET DATA/

TARGET CANCEL

[OPERATION]

1 BACK 2 ECHO COLOR/ PALETTE / RING/ ALARM1/ ALARM2/ WATCH ALARM RESET/ ZOOM/ MARK DELETE/

OWN TRACK DELETE/ TGT TRACK DELETE*/ CHART ALIGN/ DISPLAY SELECT/ RADAR COMBINE*/ MOB/ USER DEFAULT TLL*/ ANCHOR WATCH/ COLOR SHIFT/ ICON/ DISP*/ OWN TRK ALL ERASE TGT TRK ALL ERASE* MARK ALL ERASE DROP MARK

* Not available on IMO type

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5. Select "2".

6. Select function desired then push the scrollwheel or left button.

7. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

Description of function key programs

Item Description

[ECHO]

PICTURE Selects picture setup function. IR Selects interference rejection level. ES Selects echo stretch function. EAV Selects echo averaging function. NOISE REJ Turns noise rejector on/off. ANT SELECT Selects antenna. PULSE LENGTH Selects pulselength. A/C SEA SELECT Selects A/C SEA adjustment method. AUTO RAIN SELECT Selects AUTO RAIN level. TUNE SELECT Selects tuning adjustment method. ANT HEIGHT Sets antenna height. SEA CONDITION Sets sea condition. 2ND ECHO REJ Turns 2nd trace echo rejector on/off. PM Turns performance monitor on/off. SART Turns SART setup conditions on/off. WIPER Turns wiper (reduce weak and unwanted signals) on/off.

[STD KEY]

ALARM ACK Acknowledges alarm. (Silences audio alarm.) STBY TX Toggles between stand-by and transmit. HL OFF Turns heading line on/off. EBL OFFSET Offsets EBL. OFF CENTER Off centers the display. CU TM RESET Returns own ship mark to point 75% of range in use. PI LINE Turns PI line on/off. VECTOR TIME Sets vector time. VECTOR MODE Sets vector mode. TARGET LIST Displays target list. TRAIL Sets trail parameters. BRILL Sets brilliance. MARK Selects mark to inscribe. MENU Opens the MAIN menu. RANGE UP Raises the range scale. RANGE DOWN Lowers the range scale. ACQ Acquires target; activates sleeping AIS target. TARGET DATA Shows target data for selected tracked target or AIS target. TARGET CANCEL Cancels tracking of tracked target; sleeps AIS target.

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Description of function key programs (con’t from previous page)

Item Description

[TT•AIS]

DISP TT Activates/deactivates TT. DISP AIS Activates/deactivates AIS. TARGET DATA & ACQ TT: Acquires target; shows data for tracked target selected.

AIS: Activates sleeping AIS target; shows data for AIS target

selected. PAST POSN INTERVAL Selects past position plotting interval. REF MARK Inscribes reference mark (for target-based speed). CPA LIMIT Turns CPA limit on/off. CPA Enters CPA range. TCPA Enters TCPA time. AZ1 Sets Alarm Zone 1. AZ2 Sets Alarm Zone 2. TARGET LIST SORT Sorts target list. TRIAL MANEUVER Executes trial maneuver. ASSOCATION Changes indication in Association Usage box. See 4.13. AIS MESSAGE Displays AIS message board. TRIAL MODE CHANGE Switches between dynamic and static modes. AIS SCALED SYMBOL Scales AIS target symbols according to target (ship) size.

[OPERATION]

ECHO COLOR Selects echo color. BACK COLOR Selects background color. RING Turns range rings on/off. ALARM1 Sets no. 1 target alarm. ALARM2 Sets no. 2 target alarm. WATCH ALARM RESET Resets watch alarm. ZOOM Enables zoom. MARK DELETE Deletes mark (origin mark, waypoint mark, plotter mark). OWN TRACK DELETE Deletes own ship’s tracks according to setting of OWN TRACK

menu (see page 5-15). TGT TRACK DELETE Deletes other ship’s tracks according to setting of TARGET TRACK

menu (see page 5-15). CHART ALIGN Aligns chart with radar picture. DISPLAY SELECT Selects display mode. RADAR COMBINE* Dual-radar display. *Non-IMO only MOB Inscribes MOB mark. USER DEFAULT Restores user defaults for [F1]-[F3].

For F-KEY

1. Set equipment as desired.

2. Long-push (more then 1 s) function key registered as USER

3. To recall a setting, do step 2. The radar is then set to stand-by

For STORE:

1. Set equipment as desired.

2. Select STORE at 2 USER DEFAULT BACKUP from page (2/2)

3. To recall setting, press the function key registered as USER

TLL Target latitude and longitude output (to chart plotter). ANCHOR WATCH Enables the anchor watch alarm.

COLOR SHIFT Paint own ship's tracks in different colors. ICON DISP Hides and shows boxes outside the effective display area.

DEFAULT.

and "USER DEFAULT" appears at the bottom-right corner.

of the OPERATION menu. Select HOLD to register settings.

DEFAULT. The radar is then set to stand-by and "USER DEFAULT" appears at the bottom-right corner.

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Item Description

[OPERATION] (con't from previous page)

OWN TRK ALL ERASE Erases all own ship’s tracks. TGT TRK ALL ERASE Erases all other ship’s tracks. MARK ALL ERASE Erases all marks. DROP MARK Inscribe a drop mark. [PICTURE]

PICTURE1 – PICTURE4 Actuates settings of user-programmed setup.

NEAR Optimum setting for short range detection using a range scale of 3

nm or less on calm seas

FAR Optimum setting for long range detection using a range scale of 6

nm or larger

NEAR BUOY Optimum setting for detecting navigation buoys, small vessels and

other small surface objects at close range

FAR BUOY Optimum setting for detecting navigation buoys, small vessels and

other small surface objects at long range ROUGH SEA Optimum setting for rough weather or heavy rain SHIP Optimum setting for detecting vessels HARBOR Optimum setting for harbor navigation COAST Optimum setting for coastal navigation

1.37 Ship’s Position

Select the source of ship’s position data as follows:

1. Right-click the OSN POSN box at the top right corner of the screen to show the OS POSN menu.

2. Select 1 NAV AID.

3. Select GPS1, GPS2 or DEAD RECKONING as appropriate.

[OS POSN MENU]

1 NAV AID GPS1/GPS2/ DEAD RECKONING/

2 MANUAL L/L 00°00.00 N 000°00.00 W 3 SIO DATA LAN OUTPUT

LAN

OFF/ON

OS POSN menu

1-72

GPS1: GPS navigator connected to nav port GPS2: GPS navigator connected to SPEED LOG port or TRACK CONTROL port.

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4. If you have selected DEAD RECKONING do the following to enter position manually. For GPS1 or GPS2, go to step 6.

a) Select 2 MANUAL L/L then push the scrollwheel. Enter latitude and longitude

position as follows.

Roll the scrollwheel to set appropriate digit in the latitude field then push the

scrollwheel. (You may push the scrollwheel again to skip a place.) For keyboard operation, press appropriate numeric keys then press the [ENTER MARK] key.

c) Set longitude similar to how you set latitude then push the scrollwheel. (For

keyboard operation, press the [ENTER MARK] key.)

Note: Co-ordinate polarity may be switched by rolling the scrollwheel, or

pressing the [2] key.

5. To use a navigation device connected to radars via a LAN, set 3 SIO DATA LAN OUTPUT to ON, then select LAN at 1 NAV AID.

6. Push the right button to close the menu.

Note: When the AIS function is active, DEAD RECKONING is shown in gray to

indicate that it is not available for selection.

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1.38 Second-trace Echoes

In certain situations, echoes from very distance targets may appear as false echoes (second-trace echoes) on the screen. This occurs when the return echo is received one transmission cycle later, or after a next radar pulse has been transmitted.

Tx repetition

False echo range

Actual range

Second-trace echoes

To reject second-trace echoes:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 1 [ECHO] to open the ECHO menu.

[ECHO]

1 BACK

ECHO REJ

2 2

OFF/ON 3 TUNE INITIALIZE 4 PM

OFF/ON 5 SART OFF/ON 6 WIPER OFF/1/2 7 ECHO AREA*

CIRCLE/WIDE/ALL

8 [PICTURE SELECT]

9 STC RANGE +00

Not available on IMO or A type

Second-trace echo

1-74

ECHO menu

3. Select 2 2

ECHO REJ.

4. Select OFF or ON as appropriate.

5. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

Page 97

1.39 Brilliance of Screen Data

You can adjust relative brilliance levels of various markers and alphanumeric readouts displayed on the screen.

1. Right-click the BRILL box at the bottom left corner of the screen to show the BRILL menu.

1. RADAR OPERATION

[BRILL1 MENU (1/2)]

1 ECHO COLOR YEL/GRN/ WHT/COLOR* 2 PALETTE DAY-GRY/DAY-BLU/ DUSK-GRY/DUSK-BLU/ NIGHT-GRY/NIGHT-BLU/ 3 PANEL DIMMER 4 CHARACTER 5 CURSOR 6 ECHO 7 TRAIL 8 HL 9 RING 0 NEXT

2. Select item you wish to adjust. (To go to the second page of the BRILL menu select 0 NEXT and push the scrollwheel.)

Item Adjusts

1 ECHO COLOR See section 1.49. 2 BRG CURSOR Bearing cursor 2 PALETTE See section 1.49. 3 EBL EBLs 3 PANEL DIMMER 4 CHARACTER All alphanumeric

5 CURSOR Cursor (+) and

6 ECHO Radar echoes 7 AIS SYMBOL AIS symbols 7 TRAIL Target trails 8 L/L Chart grid 8 HL Heading line 9 MARK All marks 9 RING Range rings 0 CHART Chart

3. Roll the scrollwheel to set brilliance level. The range of adjustment for items except "HL" and "CURSOR" is 0-100%. The range of adjustment for HL and CURSOR is 50-100%.

4. Push the right button once or twice to close the menu.

* Not available on IMO or A type

Choose 0 NEXT to show page 2 of the BRILL menu.

Note: Four brilliance and color sets are

provided. For further details see section 1.49.

[BRILL1 MENU (2/2)]

1 BACK 2 BRG CURSOR 3 EBL 4 VRM 5 PI LINE 6 TT SYMBOL 7 AIS SYMBOL 8 L/L GRID 9 MARK 0 CHART*

BRILL menu

Page 1 Page 2

Item Adjusts

brilliance of;

Backlighting of

4 VRM VRMs

brilliance of;

control unit

5 PI LINE PI lines

characters

6 TT SYMBOL

TT symbols

arrow

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1.40 Watch Alarm

The watch alarm sounds the audio alarm at the selected time interval to help you keep regular watch of the radar picture for safety or other purposes.

The WATCH box appears at right side of the screen with a watch alarm timer counts down from value set (for example, "12:00").

When a preset time interval has elapsed, the audible watch alarm is released, the screen label WATCH turns red and the watch alarm timer freezes at "0:00." To silence the alarm, press the [ALARM ACK] key on the full keyboard or left-click the ALARM ACK box. The label WATCH turns to normal color and the watch alarm timer is reset to the initial value and starts the count-down sequence again.

If you press the [ALARM ACK] key or click the box with the left button before the selected time interval is reached, the watch alarm timer is reset to the initial value and starts the count-down sequence again.

To set watch time interval:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 3 [ALARM] to open the ALARM menu.

3. Select 4 WATCH ALARM.

4. Select appropriate time interval then push the right button twice to close the menu.

WATCH 12:00

WATCH box

[ALARM]

1 BACK 2 TARGET ALARM MODE

IN/OUT 3 TARGET ALARM MODE 1/2/3/4 4 WATCH ALARM OFF/6M/10M/ 12M/15M/20M 5 ALARM SOUND LEVEL OFF/LOW/MID/HIGH 6 [ALARM OUT1] 7 [ALARM OUT2] 8 [ALARM OUT3] 9 [ALARM OUT4] 0 [PRIMARY ALARM]

ALARM menu

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1.41 Nav Data

Wind, depth, ocean current, water temperature, date and time and waypoint data may be set up as follows:

1. Left-click the MENU box to open the menu.

2. Select 7 [NAV DATA].

NAV DATA menu

3. Select appropriate options referring to the table on the next page for details.

1. RADAR OPERATION

[NAV DATA]

1 BACK 2 DEPTH OFF/m/ft 3 DEPTH GRAPH SCALE 10/20/50/ 100/200/500 4 DEPTH MARK

000 5 CURRENT OFF/ON 6 WIND

OFF/m/s/kn RELATIVE/ TRUE THEORETICAL/

TRUE NORTH 7 TEMP OFF/ON 8 DATE-TIME OFF/UTC/LOCAL 9 LOCAL TIME ADJ +00:00 0 WPT DATA OFF/REL/TRUE

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Nav data menu description

Item Description

2 DEPTH Selects unit of depth measurement, or turn depth indication off.

3 DEPTH GRAPH SCALE

4 DEPTH MARK Selects the depth at which to show the depth mark.

5 CURRENT Turns ocean current display on (ocean current relative to North) or off.

6 WIND Selects unit of wind speed measurement/wind speed format. Wind vector

7 TEMP Turns water temperature indication on/off.

8 DATE-TIME Selects how to display date and time: OFF, UTC or LOCAL.

9 LOCAL TIME ADJ

0 WPT DATA Turn waypoint data off or select waypoint data reference, true or relative.

Selects depth scale range. The echogram shows the last 30 minutes of sounding along the ship’s track.

format can be selected from three choices: RELATIVE: Apparent wind measured by wind meter, with ship's bow as reference. TRUE THEORETICAL: Apparent wind minus ship's movement, with ship's bow as reference. TRUE NORTH: Apparent wind minus ship's movement, with North as reference.

If LOCAL is selected at 8 DATE-TIME, roll the scrollwheel to set the time difference between local time and UTC time. A negative value may be selected by spinning the scrollwheel past zero.

4. Push the right button twice to close the menu.

Note: Wind and current data require appropriate sensors. Depth data requires appropriate echo-sounding equipment. Wind vector shows a direction from which the wind blows in, relative to own ship heading, and labeled "T *." Wind velocity is a true wind speed as a result of compensating for own ship’s speed and orientation. Ocean current (tide) is shown relative to bow in head-up, cursor gyro and course-up, and reference to North in north-up and true motion.

Present depth

Last 30 minutes of depth

1-78

20 10 min

Echogram

0 20 40

100 m

Wind, current graph

OS heading

Current relative to north, full scale 10 kn.

Wind direction indication method depends on the MENU Selection of Wind Vector.

Examples of depth echogram and wind, tide graph