Fluke 16 Service Manual

Multimeter with Temperature

Calibration Information

W

Warning

To avoid electrical shock, remove test leads and any input signals from the Meter before opening the case.

Caution

This Meter contains parts that can be damaged by static discharge. Follow the standard practices for handling
static sensitive devices.

®

16

Introduction

The 16 Calibration Information instruction sheet provides the
information necessary to calibrate and verify the Fluke
Model 16 Multimeter with Temperature (hereafter known as
the Meter). This instruction sheet provides the following
information:

• Product specifications

• Disassembly and reassembly

• Performance test procedures

• Calibration procedures and adjustments

• Replacement parts

See the instruction sheet for operating instructions.

Service

The Meter is warranted to be free from defects in material
and workmanship for one year. The complete warranty

statement is in the Meter’s instruction sheet.

Table 1. Specifications

Maximum Voltage Between any Terminal and Earth Ground (excludes 10% tolerance) 600 V ac or dc

Display 3-3/4-digits, 4000 counts, updates 4/sec
Operating Temperature -10°C to 50°C
Storage Temperature -30°C to 60°C indefinitely (to -40°C for 100 hrs)
Temperature Coefficient 0.1 x (specified accuracy)/°C (<18°C or >28°C)
Relative Humidity 0% to 90% (-10°C to 35°C)

0% to 70% (35°C to 50°C)
Altitude Operation/Non-operation 2000 m
Battery Type 9V, NEDA 1604 or IEC 6F22
Battery Life 650 continuous hours with alkaline

450 continuous hours with carbon-zinc
Shock, Vibration 3 meter drops: Sinusoidal vibration up to 3 G @ 55 Hz
Size (HxWxL) 1.35 in x 2.75 in x 5.55 in

(3.46 cm x 7.05 cm x 14.23 cm)
Weight 10 oz (286g)
EMI Regulations Complies with FCC Part 15B, Class B, EN50081-1, EN50082-1.
Safety Designed to Protection Class II requirement of UL1244, ANSI/ISA-S82.01 - 1988, CSA C22.2 No 231,

and VDE 0411, and IEC 1010-1 overvoltage category III (CAT III), 600 V

To contact Fluke, call one of the following telephone
numbers:

USA and Canada: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853)
Europe: [phone]
Japan: [phone]
Singapore: [phone]
Anywhere in the world: [phone]

Or, visit Fluke’s Web stie at www.fluke.com.

Specifications

Specifications are in Table 1. Accuracy is specified for a
period of one year after calibration, at 18ºC to 28ºC (64ºF to
82ºF) with relative humidity to 90%. AC conversions are ac­coupled, average responding, and calibrated to the rms
value of a sine wave input.

Certification

PN 644226 July, 1997 Rev.1, 3/99
© 1997,1999 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

P $

1

16

µ

Multimeter with Temperature

Accuracy specifications are given as follows: ±([% of reading] + [number of least significant digits]).

Table 1. Specifications (cont)

Function Range Resolution Accuracy

f

(50 to 400 Hz)

E

J

K

4000 mV

4.000 V

40.00 V

300.0 V

400.0 V

600.0 V

4000 mV

4.000 V

40.00 V

300.0 V

400.0 V
600 V

400.0Ω

4.000 kΩ

40.00 kΩ

400.0 kΩ

4.000 MΩ

40.00 MΩ

1.000 µF

10.00 µF

100.0 µF
1000 µF
10000 µF

1

1

1 mV

0.001 V

0.01 V

0.1 V

0.1 V
1 V

1 mV

0.001 V

0.01 V

0.1 V

0.1 V
1 V

0.1Ω

0.001 kΩ

0.01 kΩ

0.1 kΩ

0.001 MΩ

0.01 MΩ

0.001 µF

0.01 µF

0.1 µF
1 µF
10 µF

±(1.9%+3)
±(1.9%+3)
±(1.9%+3)
NA
±(1.9%+3)
±(1.9%+3)
±(0.9%+2)
±(0.9%+2)
±(0.9%+1)
NA
±(0.9%+1)
±(0.9%+1)
±(0.9%+2)
±(0.9%+1)
±(0.9%+1)
±(0.9%+1)
±(0.9%+1)
±(1.5%+3)
±(1.9%+2)
±(1.9%+2)
±(1.9%+2)
±(1.9%+2)
±(10%+90)

typical

µ[ 0 to 200 µA 0.1 µA ±(1% + 2 counts)

\

(50 to 400 Hz)

Temperature

(Type K Thermocouple)

C

1. The 4000 mV range can be entered only in the manual range mode. Use the 4000 mV range with accessories.

2. The beeper is guaranteed to come on at <25Ω and turn off at >250Ω. The Meter detects opens or shorts of 250 µs or
longer.

3. Error does not include Type K Thermocouple errors.

2

3

2

0 to 200 µA 0.1 µA ±2% + 3 counts)

-10°C to 400°C
14°F to 75°F

-40°C to -10°C

-40°F to 14°F

2.000 V 0.001 V ±(0.9%+2)

0.1°C

0.2°F

0.1°C

0.2°F

±(1% + 0.8°C)
±(1% + 1.5°F)

±(5% + 1.5°C)

Typical
±(5% + 3.3°F) Typical

Table 1. Specifications (cont)

1

2

2

3

3

Specifications

Function Overload

f

E

J

2

L

µ[
µ\

1. 3 x 106 V Hz maximum.

2. ~2 kΩ input impedance up to 50 V. Impedance increases with input voltage to >300 kΩ at 600 V.

MIN MAX Recording Accuracy and Response Time

Specified accuracy of the measurement function ±12 digits in dc for changes >200 ms in duration
(±40 digits in ac). Typical 100 ms response to 80%.

Example 1: this would mean ±1.2° when recording temperature.
Example 2: This would mean ±12 µA when recording µA or ±12 A if used with a dc amp probe.

MIN MAX Recording with Elapsed Time

Elapsed Time: 0 to 100 hours (99.59)
Resolution: 1 minute
Accuracy: 0.3% typical

Continuity Capture

Detects opens or shorts of 250 µs or longer.

Protection

600 V dc

600 V dc

600 V dc <1.5 V dc <450 mV dc <1.5 V dc <500 µA

600 V dc 2.4-3.0 V dc 2.400 V dc 0.95 mA (typical)

600 V rms or dc <5 mV/µA >100 dB @ dc 50 Hz or 60Hz>50 dB @ 50 Hz or

600 V rms or dc <5 mV/µA >60 dB at dc, 50 Hz or

Input Impedance

(Nominal)

>5 MΩ <100 pF
Automatic Selection
and LoZ = >2 kΩ
<200 pF
(ac coupled)

>10 MΩ <100 pF
Automatic Selection

and LoZ = >2 kΩ
<200 pF

Open Circuit Test

Voltage

Burden Voltage Common Mode Rejection

2

2

Common Mode
Rejection Ratio

(1 kΩ Unbalanced)

>60 dB at dc 50 Hz or
60 Hz

>100 dB at dc, 50 Hz or
60 Hz

Full Scale Voltage

To 4.0 MΩ 40 MΩ

Ratio

60 Hz

Normal Mode

Rejection

>50 dB at 50 Hz or 60
Hz

Short Circuit

Current

Normal Mode

Rejection

60 Hz

.

3

16

Multimeter with Temperature

Disassembly and Reassembly

Referring to Figure 1, disassemble the Meter as follows. A
Phillips-head screwdriver and small flat-blade screwdriver
are required.

1. Remove the test leads and set the rotary knob to OFF.

2. Remove the Phillips-head screws from the case bottom.

3. Separate the case top from the case bottom.

4. To replace the battery: lift the battery from the case
bottom and insert a new 9V battery. Be sure the positive
and negative battery posts are oriented correctly.

5. To remove the pca: insert a small, flat-blade
screwdriver between the edge of the case top and the
pca where shown in Figure 2. Gently unsnap a side of
the case top from the pca. Repeat on the other side of
the pca. Unsnap the case from the top of the pca last.

Lift the pca from the case top by its edges. If the
elastomeric contact strips for the switch assembly and
LCD are stuck to the pca, remove them without touching
the conductive edges.

Note

Before reinserting the pca, make sure that the
rotary knob is in the OFF position.

7. To reinsert the pca: Place the pca over the four screw
posts in the case top, then press gently on the center of
the pca while using the small flat-edge screwdriver to
shoehorn the pca under the snap on a side of the case
top. Repeat on the other side and the top.

8. To remove the switch support, use a small, flat-blade
screwdriver to gently unsnap the sides and top of the
switch support from the snaps shown in Figure 2.

9. The LCD, switch assembly, and elastomeric contact
strips for the LCD and switch assembly are accessible
and can be replaced as needed. Do not allow the LCD
to get wet. Before installing a new LCD, make sure that
all connector contact points are clean.

Caution

Do not touch the conductive edges of the
elastomeric strips or the contacts on the switch
assembly. If they are contaminated, clean them
with isopropyl alcohol.

9. Reassembling the Meter is the reverse of disassembling
it. After the Meter is reassembled, execute the
Performance Test to confirm that the Meter is working
properly.

Cleaning

W Warning

To avoid electrical shock, remove test leads
and any input signals before cleaning.

To clean the case, wipe it with a cloth lightly dampened with
water and a mild detergent. Do not use abrasives, solvents,
or alcohol.

Recommended Test Equipment

A list of recommended equipment for the performance test
and calibration adjustment procedure is shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Recommended Equipment

Equipment Minimum

AC/DC Calibrator DC Voltage: 0 to

Decade Resistor Resistance: 1.0 to

Decade
Capacitor

Thermocouple
Wire K-Type

Temperature
Probe

Mercury
Thermometer

Flask with cap --- Dewar Flask

Specification

600 V
Accuracy: ±0.25%
AC Voltage: 0 to
600 V
Accuracy: ±0.5%
Frequency: 50 to
400 Hz

40 MΩ
Accuracy: ±0.25%

Capacitance: 0 to

1.000 µF
Accuracy: ±0.5%

--- Fluke 80 PK-1

Accuracy: Certified
to ±0.2°C ambient

0.02°C resolution

0.05°F resolution

Recommended

Model

5700A, or 5500A

Fluke 5500A

Fluke 5500A

Fluke 80T-150U

Princo Model ASTM
56C
Princo Model ASTM
56F

4

Switch Assembly

Actuator, Switch

Recommended Test Equipment

Decal

Case, Top

LCD

Conn.
Elastomeric

Conn.
Elastomeric
LCD to PCA

Support, Switch Assembly

Main PCA

Shield, Bottom

Battery

Shock Absorber

Case, Bottom

Screw, THD Form, PH.P.STL,
5-14 x .750

Foot

ig3f.eps

Figure 1. Model 16 Disassembled Unit

5

16

Multimeter with Temperature

3

2

Snap

Snap

Snaps

1

ig2f.eps

Figure 2. Removing and Reinserting the Printed Circuit Assembly

6

Performance Test

Performance Test

W

Warning

To avoid electric shock, do not execute the
performance tests procedures unless the
Meter is fully assembled.

To ensure that the Meter is working properly and performs
to specifications, use the following procedures. If the Meter
fails this test, it needs calibration adjustment or repair.

Multimeter

Note

The following performance test is for all functions
except for temperature. Temperature performance
test follows this procedure.

1. Referring to Table 3, put the Meter in the function and
range shown for Test 1.

2. Apply the input from the appropriate source to the [+]
and COM jacks on the Meter. The reading on the
display should be within the MINIMUM and MAXIMUM
values shown in Table 3.

3. Test the remaining functions and ranges. Repeat steps
1 and 2 for test numbers 2 through 41.

Temperature

Note

The performance test for the other functions must
be done before this test is done.

1. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3.

2. Insert a mercury thermometer to the same depth as the
thermocouple wire to verify that the ice bath
temperature is 0.0°C.

3. Short (or apply 0.0 mV) to the copper wires at the
5700A Calibrator.

4. Verify that the Meter reads 0.0°C ±0.8°C.

5. If this test fails, reposition the thermocouple wires and
mercury thermometer in the ice bath and repeat steps
3 and 4. If the Meter continues to fail, use steps 6
through 8 to verify the temperature performance tests.

6. Remove the short applied in step 3.

7. Set the 5700A using the input voltage shown in Table

4. The reading on the display should be within the
values shown in Table 4.

8. Repeat step 3 to verify that the ice bath temperature is
at 0.0°C ±0.3°C.

Calibration Adjustments

Perform the following calibration adjustment procedures if
the Meter fails the performance test.

Initial Steps

1. Remove any input signals to the Meter.

2. Remove the four screws on the back and separate the
case bottom and case top.

Notice that when you do so the battery remains in the

case top and power to the Meter is disconnected.

Note

To avoid stretching or bending the battery

contacts, connect leads to the base of the
contacts as shown in Figure 4.

3. Observing correct polarity, connect a 9 V battery to the
battery contacts using easy hook jumpers or alligator
clip leads (see Figure 4).

Multimeter

Note

The following calibration adjustment
procedure is for all functions except for
temperature. Temperature calibration
adjustment follows this procedure.

1. Set the calibrator for 0 V dc. Put the Meter in the 4.000
V dc range.

2. Connect the calibrator to the [+] and COM jacks on the
Meter.

3. Apply an input of +4.000 V dc ±0.25%

The Meter display should read between 3.997-4.003 V.

If it does not, adjust R4 as described in step 4 (see
Figure 4).

4. Adjust R4 (see Figure 4) so that the Meter display
reads between 3.997 and 4.003 V.

5. Proceed to adjust the Temperature function.

7

16

Multimeter with Temperature

Table 3. Performance Tests

Test No.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

2

29

2

30

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

4

40

4

41

4.000 V ac

4.000 V ac, MIN MAX

4.000 V ac

4.000 V ac

4.000 V ac

4.000 V ac

40.00 V ac

40.00 V ac

400.0 V ac
600 V ac

4.000 V dc, MIN MAX

4.000 V dc

40.00 V dc

400.0 V dc

4.000 V dc

40.00 V dc

400.0 V dc
600 V dc
200 µA dc
200 µA dc
200 µA dc
200 µA dc
200 µA dc
200 µA ac
200 µA ac
200 µA ac
200 µA ac
Continuity
Continuity, Automatic Selection
Continuity, Automatic Selection

400.0 Ω

400.0 Ω

400.0 Ω

4.000 kΩ

40.00 kΩ

400.0 kΩ

4.000 MΩ

40.00 MΩ
Ω, Automatic Selection

1.000 µF

1.000 µF

Meter Range

Input To Meter

0 V
0 V
10 mV, 50 Hz
10 mV, 400 Hz

3.5 V, 50 Hz

3.5 V, 400 Hz
35 V, 50 Hz
35 V, 400 Hz
350 V, 80 Hz
600 V, 400 Hz
0 V
0 V
+20 mV dc

-200 mV dc
+3.5 V

-35 V dc
+100 V dc

-600 V dc

0.0 µA, dc

10.0 µA, dc

-10.0 µA, dc

200.0 µA, dc

-200.0 µA, dc

40.0 µA, 50 Hz

40.0 µA, 400 Hz

200.0 µA, 50 Hz

200.0 µA, 400 Hz

2

+2 V dc
+3.43 V dc

-0.5 V dc

2

2

0.0 Ω

1.0 Ω

350.0 Ω

1.0 kΩ
35 kΩ
100 kΩ

2.9 MΩ
35 MΩ

1.96 V dc

0.0 µF

0.95 µF

1. In the Automatic Selection mode, the Meter uses a low-impedance thermistor (~2.5k for circuit protection and load testing
(referred to as low-Z input circuitry). When using the 5100B, 5500A, or 5700A to drive the Meter with high voltages, avoid an
overload/current limit condition by gradually stepping the voltage up (waiting two seconds between each step) from 90.0 V,

120.0 V, 180.0 V, and 350.0 V at 80 Hz each step.

2. Calibrator 50Ω divider override.

3. The dc volts annunciator must be on.

4. Conducting performance tests of the 400 Ω, 4 kΩ, 40 kΩ, and 1 µF ranges (tests no. 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 31, and 32) verifies
that the discrete and integrated circuitry needed to support the other capacitance ranges are working within specifications.
Therefore, the tests indirectly verify that the Meter will meet specification in the 10 µF, 100 µF, 1000 µF, and 10,000 µF
ranges.

Switch

Position

Center
Center
Center
Center
Right
Center
Center
Right
Right
Center
Center
Center
Center
Center
Center
Center
Center
Center
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right

Display

Minimum

0.000

0.000

0.007

0.007

3.430

3.430

34.30

34.30

343.0
586

-0.012

-0.002

00.01

-000.3

+3.466

-35.33
+99.0

-606

-0.2

9.7

-10.3

197.8

-202.2

38.9

38.9

195.7

195.7

1.980

3

3.397

-0.507

0.0

0.8

346.6

0.990

34.67

99.0

2.873

34.44

3

1.940

-0.001 µF

0.930 µF

3

Display

Maximum

0.003

0.040

0.013

0.013

3.570

3.570

35.70

35.70

357.0
614

0.012

0.002

00.03

-000.1

+3.534

-34.67

+101.0

-594

0.2

10.3

-9.7

202.2

-197.8

41.1

41.1

204.3

204.3

2.020

3

3.463

3

-0.493

0.2

1.2

353.4

1.010

35.33

101.0

2.927

35.56

3

1.980

0.001 µF

0.970 µF

Table 4. Temperature Performance Tests

Input Voltage Display Readings

°C °F

0.0 0.0 ± 0.8 32.0 ± 1.5

0.919 mV 23.0 ± 1.0 73.4 ± 2.2

4.095 mV 100.0 ± 1.8 212.0 ± 3.6

8

Temperature

AK-80

+

Calibration Adjustments

5700A

Ice Bath

+

Red

Yellow

Copper

Banana

0

Figure 3. Performance Test for Temperature

+

Plug

Clip to Base Contacts

ig6f.eps

+

Input Receptacles

Adjust R4 for 3.997-4.003V DC

Figure 4. Calibration Adjustment for DC Voltage

+

9V

BATTERY

_

ig1f.eps

9

16

Multimeter with Temperature

Temperature

Note

Adjust DC voltage (R4) before adjusting
temperature (R38).

The following describes three temperature calibration
procedures:

• Calibrating at room temperature. Use this procedure if

it is not necessary to optimize the Meter’s performance.

• Calibrating in an ice bath. Use this procedure to
optimize the Meter’s performance at around 0.0°C.

• Calibrating in a lag bath. Use this procedure to
optimize the Meter’s performance at room temperature.

Room Temperature Calibration

The following procedure allows you to make the calibration
adjustment at room temperature.

1. Allow the Meter to stabilize at room temperature. After
the temperature stabilizes, do not touch the COM jack.

2. Turn to temperature function and °C mode.

3. Observing the correct polarity, connect a copper short
across the input jacks of the Meter (see Figure 5).

4. Using a temperature probe with the appropriate Meter
(Fluke 45 or equivalent), measure the temperature of
the COM input jack (see Figure 5). Be sure to place the
probe on the COM closest to the pca.

5. Adjust R38 so the Meter display is the same as the
temperature probe reading.

Ice Bath Calibration

The following procedure optimizes the Meter’s performance
near 0°C (32°F) using a specific thermocouple.

1. Put the Meter in the temperature function and °C
mode.

2. Insert a thermocouple in an ice bath (see
Figure 6).

3. Insert a mercury thermometer to the same depth as the
thermocouple wire to verify that the ice bath
temperature is 0.0°C .

4. Connect the other end of the thermocouple wire to the
Meter using a Fluke 80AK Adapter Plug (see Figure 6).
Allow the instrument reading to settle.

5. Adjust R38 so that the Meter display has the same
reading of the ice bath temperature.

Lag Bath Calibration

The following adjustment optimizes the Meter’s
performance at room temperature using a specific
thermocouple.

1. Put the Meter in the temperature function and °C
mode.

2. Insert a thermocouple in a lag bath (see Figure 6).

3. Insert a mercury thermometer to the same depth as the
thermocouple wire to verify that the lag bath
temperature is at room temperature

4. Connect the other end of the thermocouple wire to the
Meter using an 80AK Adapter Plug(see Figure 6).
Allow the instrument reading to settle.

5. Adjust R38 so that the Meter display has the same
reading of the lag bath thermometer.

Replacement Parts

Replacement parts are listed in Table 4 and shown in
Figure 1.

Table 4. Replacement Parts

Parts Part No.

Window decal 617974
Case, top 617966
LCD 643541
Connection elastomeric 867242
Connection Elastomeric LCD to PCA 867247
Switch assembly 618022
Actuator, Switch 203445
Support, Switch Assembly 879031
Battery 696534
Case, Bottom assembly 618097
Screw, THD Form, PH.P.STL, 5014 x .750 832246
Foot 885884

10

DUAL DISPLAY MULTIMETER

V

10A

FUSED

1000V

MAX

750V

!

ALL INPUTS

1kV MAX

100

mA

500mA
F 250V

COM

45

Vm

V

A

AUTO

A

FREQ

V

COMP

LO

HI

dB

REL

REF

REF#

HOLD

MN MX

THRESH ADDR BAUD

POWER

LOCAL

ENABLE

2ND

RATE

CAL

Clip to Base Contacts

80T-150U

+

R38

Figure 5. Calibration Adjustment for Temperature Using the 80T-150U

Replacement Parts

+

_

+

9V

BATTERY

ig4f.eps

Thermometer

Ice or Lag Bath

Clip to Base Contacts

+

+

80AK

+

R38

Thermocouple

Figure 6. Calibration Adjustment for Temperature Using an Ice or Lag Bath

+

9V

BATTERY

_

ig5f.eps

11

16

Multimeter with Temperature

12