fagor 8065 Programming Manual
CNC
8065
Programming manual
(Ref. 1309)
MACHINE SAFETY
It is up to the machine manufacturer to make sure that the safety of the machine
is enabled in order to prevent personal injury and damage to the CNC or to the
products connected to it. On start-up and while validating CNC parameters, it
checks the status of the following safety elements. If any of them is disabled, the
CNC shows a warning message.
• Feedback alarm for analog axes.
• Software limits for analog and sercos linear axes.
• Following error monitoring for analog and sercos axes (except the spindle)
both at the CNC and at the drives.
• Tendency test on analog axes.
FAGOR AUTOMATION shall not be held responsible for any personal injuries or
physical damage caused or suffered by the CNC resulting from any of the safety
elements being disabled.
HARDWARE EXPANSIONS
FAGOR AUTOMATION shall not be held responsible for any personal injuries or
physical damage caused or suffered by the CNC resulting from any hardware
manipulation by personnel unauthorized by Fagor Automation.
If the CNC hardware is modified by personnel unauthorized by Fagor Automation,
it will no longer be under warranty.
COMPUTER VIRUSES
FAGOR AUTOMATION guarantees that the software installed contains no
computer viruses. It is up to the user to keep the unit virus free in order to
guarantee its proper operation.
Computer viruses at the CNC may cause it to malfunction. An antivirus software
is highly recommended if the CNC is connected directly to another PC, it is part
of a computer network or floppy disks or other computer media is used to transmit
data.
FAGOR AUTOMATION shall not be held responsible for any personal injuries or
physical damage caused or suffered by the CNC due a computer virus in the
system.
If a computer virus is found in the system, the unit will no longer be under warranty.
All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be transmitted,
transcribed, stored in a backup device or translated into another language
without Fagor Automation’s consent. Unauthorized copying or distributing of this
software is prohibited.
The information described in this manual may be changed due to technical
modifications. Fagor Automation reserves the right to make any changes to the
contents of this manual without prior notice.
All the trade marks appearing in the manual belong to the corresponding owners.
The use of these marks by third parties for their own purpose could violate the
rights of the owners.
It is possible that CNC can execute more functions than those described in its
associated documentation; however, Fagor Automation does not guarantee the
validity of those applications. Therefore, except under the express permission
from Fagor Automation, any CNC application that is not described in the
documentation must be considered as "impossible". In any case, Fagor
Automation shall not be held responsible for any personal injuries or physical
damage caused or suffered by the CNC if it is used in any way other than as
explained in the related documentation.
The content of this manual and its validity for the product described here has been
verified. Even so, involuntary errors are possible, thus no absolute match is
guaranteed. Anyway, the contents of the manual is periodically checked making
and including the necessary corrections in a future edition. We appreciate your
suggestions for improvement.
The examples described in this manual are for learning purposes. Before using
them in industrial applications, they must be properly adapted making sure that
the safety regulations are fully met.
Programming manual
INDEX
About the product ......................................................................................................................... 9
Declaration of conformity............................................................................................................ 13
Version history............................................................................................................................ 15
Safety conditions ........................................................................................................................ 17
Warranty terms ........................................................................................................................... 21
Material returning terms.............................................................................................................. 23
CNC maintenance ...................................................................................................................... 25
CHAPTER 1 CREATING A PROGRAM.
1.1 Programming languages................................................................................................ 27
1.2 Program structure. ......................................................................................................... 28
1.2.1 Program body............................................................................................................. 29
1.2.2 The subroutines. ........................................................................................................ 30
1.3 Program block structure................................................................................................. 31
1.3.1 Programming in ISO code.......................................................................................... 32
1.3.2 High-level language programming. ............................................................................ 34
1.4 Programming of the axes............................................................................................... 35
1.5 List of "G" functions........................................................................................................36
1.6 List of auxiliary (miscellaneous) M functions.................................................................. 40
1.7 List of statements and instructions................................................................................. 41
1.8 Comment programming. ................................................................................................ 44
1.9 Variables and constants................................................................................................. 45
1.10 Arithmetic parameters.................................................................................................... 46
1.11 Arithmetic and logic operators and functions. ................................................................ 47
1.12 Arithmetic and logic expressions. .................................................................................. 49
CHAPTER 2 MACHINE OVERVIEW
2.1 Axis nomenclature ......................................................................................................... 51
2.2 Coordinate system ......................................................................................................... 53
2.3 Reference systems ........................................................................................................ 54
2.3.1 Origins of the reference systems ............................................................................... 55
2.4 Home search..................................................................................................................56
2.4.1 Definition of "Home search" ....................................................................................... 56
2.4.2 "Home search" programming ..................................................................................... 57
CHAPTER 3 COORDINATE SYSTEM
3.1 Programming in millimeters (G71) or in inches (G70).................................................... 59
3.2 Absolute (G90) or incremental (G91) coordinates ......................................................... 60
3.2.1 Rotary axes................................................................................................................61
3.3 Programming in radius (G152) or in diameters (G151).................................................. 63
3.4 Coordinate programming ............................................................................................... 64
3.4.1 Cartesian coordinates ................................................................................................ 64
3.4.2 Polar coordinates ....................................................................................................... 65
CHAPTER 4 WORK PLANES.
4.1 About work planes on lathe and mill models.................................................................. 68
4.2 Select the main new work planes. ................................................................................. 69
4.2.1 Mill model or lathe model with "trihedron" type axis configuration. ............................ 69
4.2.2 Lathe model with "plane" type axis configuration....................................................... 70
4.3 Select any work plane and longitudinal axis. ................................................................. 71
4.4 Select the longitudinal axis of the tool............................................................................ 73
CNC 8065
CHAPTER 5 ORIGIN SELECTION
5.1 Programming with respect to machine zero................................................................... 76
5.2 Set the machine coordinate (G174). ............................................................................. 78
5.3 Fixture offset .................................................................................................................. 79
5.4 Coordinate preset (G92) ................................................................................................ 80
(REF. 1309)
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5.5 Zero offsets (G54-G59/G159)........................................................................................ 81
5.5.1 Variables for setting zero offsets................................................................................ 83
5.5.2 Incremental zero offset (G158) .................................................................................. 84
5.5.3 Excluding axes in the zero offset (G157) ................................................................... 86
5.6 Zero offset cancellation (G53) ....................................................................................... 87
5.7 Polar origin preset (G30) ............................................................................................... 88
CHAPTER 6 TECHNOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
6.1 Machining feedrate (F)................................................................................................... 91
6.2 Feedrate related functions ............................................................................................. 93
6.2.1 Feedrate programming units (G93/G94/G95) ............................................................ 93
6.2.2 Feedrate blend (G108/G109/G193) ........................................................................... 94
6.2.3 Constant feedrate mode (G197/G196) ...................................................................... 96
6.2.4 Cancellation of the % of feedrate override (G266)..................................................... 98
6.2.5 Acceleration control (G130/G131) ............................................................................. 99
6.2.6 Jerk control (G132/G133) ........................................................................................ 101
6.2.7 Feed-Forward control (G134) .................................................................................. 102
6.2.8 AC-Forward control (G135)...................................................................................... 103
6.3 Spindle speed (S) ........................................................................................................ 104
6.4 Tool number (T) ........................................................................................................... 105
6.5 Tool offset number (D)................................................................................................. 108
6.6 Auxiliary (miscellaneous) functions (M) ....................................................................... 110
6.6.1 List of "M" functions ................................................................................................. 111
6.7 Auxiliary functions (H).................................................................................................. 112
CHAPTER 7 THE SPINDLE. BASIC CONTROL.
Programming manual
CNC 8065
7.1 The master spindle of the channel............................................................................... 114
7.1.1 Manual selection of a master spindle....................................................................... 116
7.2 Spindle speed .............................................................................................................. 117
7.2.1 G192. Turning speed limit........................................................................................ 118
7.2.2 Constant surface speed ........................................................................................... 119
7.3 Spindle start and stop .................................................................................................. 120
7.4 Gear change. ............................................................................................................... 122
7.5 Spindle orientation. ...................................................................................................... 124
7.5.1 The turning direction for spindle orientation............................................................. 126
7.5.2 M19 function with an associated subroutine. ........................................................... 128
7.5.3 Positioning speed..................................................................................................... 129
7.6 M functions with an associated subroutine. ................................................................. 130
CHAPTER 8 TOOL PATH CONTROL
8.1 Rapid traverse (G00) ................................................................................................... 131
8.2 Linear interpolation (G01) ............................................................................................ 133
8.3 Circular interpolation (G02/G03).................................................................................. 136
8.3.1 Cartesian coordinates (Arc center programming) .................................................... 138
8.3.2 Cartesian coordinates (Radius programming) ......................................................... 139
8.3.3 Polar coordinates ..................................................................................................... 141
8.3.4 Temporary polar origin shift to the center of arc (G31) ............................................ 144
8.3.5 Arc center in absolute coordinates (G06/G261/G262)............................................. 145
8.3.6 Arc center correction (G264/G265).......................................................................... 146
8.4 Arc tangent to previous path (G08).............................................................................. 147
8.5 Arc defined by three points (G09)................................................................................ 149
8.6 Helical interpolation (G02/G03) ................................................................................... 150
8.7 Electronic threading with constant pitch (G33) ............................................................ 152
8.7.1 Programming examples for a mill ............................................................................ 154
8.7.2 Programming examples for a lathe .......................................................................... 155
8.8 Rígid tapping (G63) ..................................................................................................... 157
8.9 Manual intervention (G200/G201/G202)...................................................................... 159
8.9.1 Additive manual intervention (G201/G202).............................................................. 160
8.9.2 Exclusive manual intervention (G200) ..................................................................... 161
8.9.3 Jogging feedrate. ..................................................................................................... 162
(REF. 1309)
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CHAPTER 9 GEOMETRY ASSISTANCE
9.1 Square corner (G07/G60) ............................................................................................ 165
9.2 Semi-rounded corner (G50)......................................................................................... 166
9.3 Controlled corner rounding, radius blend, (G05/G61).................................................. 167
9.3.1 Types of corner rounding ......................................................................................... 168
9.4 Corner rounding, radius blend, (G36) .......................................................................... 172
9.5 Corner chamfering, (G39)............................................................................................ 174
9.6 Tangential entry (G37)................................................................................................. 176
9.7 Tangential exit (G38) ................................................................................................... 177
Programming manual
9.8 Mirror image (G11, G12, G13, G10, G14) ................................................................... 178
9.9 Coordinate system rotation, pattern rotation, (G73)..................................................... 182
9.10 General scaling factor .................................................................................................. 184
CHAPTER 10 ADDITIONAL PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS
10.1 Dwell (G04) .................................................................................................................. 187
10.2 Software limits by program (G198-G199) .................................................................... 188
10.3 Hirth axes (G170-G171)............................................................................................... 189
10.4 Changing of parameter range of an axis (G112) ......................................................... 190
CHAPTER 11 TOOL COMPENSATION
11.1 Tool radius compensation............................................................................................ 193
11.1.1 Location code (shape or type) of the turning tools ................................................... 194
11.1.2 Functions associates with radius compensation ...................................................... 197
11.1.3 Beginning of tool radius compensation .................................................................... 200
11.1.4 Sections of tool radius compensation ...................................................................... 203
11.1.5 Change of type of radius compensation while machining ........................................ 207
11.1.6 Cancellation of tool radius compensation ................................................................ 209
11.2 Tool length compensation............................................................................................ 212
CHAPTER 12 SUBROUTINES.
12.1 Executing subroutines from RAM memory. ................................................................. 216
12.2 Definition of the subroutines ........................................................................................ 217
12.3 Subroutine execution. .................................................................................................. 218
12.3.1 LL. Call to a local subroutine.................................................................................... 219
12.3.2 L Call to a global subroutine..................................................................................... 219
12.3.3 #CALL. Call to a global or local subroutine. ............................................................. 219
12.3.4 #PCALL. Call to a global or local subroutine initializing parameters........................ 220
12.3.5 #MCALL. Modal call to a local or global subroutine. ................................................ 221
12.3.6 #MDOFF. Turning the subroutine into non-modal.................................................... 223
12.3.7 #RETDSBLK. Execute subroutine as a single block................................................ 224
12.4 #PATH. Define the location of the global subroutines. ................................................ 225
12.5 OEM subroutine execution........................................................................................... 226
12.6 Assistance for subroutines........................................................................................... 228
12.6.1 Subroutine help files................................................................................................. 228
12.6.2 List of available subroutines..................................................................................... 229
12.7 Interruption subroutines. .............................................................................................. 230
12.7.1 Repositioning axes and spindles from the subroutine (#REPOS)............................ 231
CHAPTER 13 EXECUTING BLOCKS AND PROGRAMS
13.1 Executing a program in the indicated channel. ............................................................ 233
13.2 Executing a block in the indicated channel. ................................................................. 235
13.3 Abort the execution of the program and resume it in another block or program.......... 236
CHAPTER 14 "C" AXIS
14.1 Activating the spindle as "C" axis................................................................................. 240
14.2 Machining of the face of the part.................................................................................. 242
14.3 Machining of the turning side of the part...................................................................... 244
CHAPTER 15 ANGULAR TRANSFORMATION OF AN INCLINE AXIS.
15.1 Turning angular transformation on and off................................................................... 249
15.2 Freezing (suspending) the angular transformation. ..................................................... 250
15.3 Obtaining information on angular transformation......................................................... 251
CHAPTER 16 TANGENTIAL CONTROL.
16.1 Turning tangential control on and off. .......................................................................... 255
16.2 Freezing tangential control........................................................................................... 258
16.3 Obtaining information on tangential control. ................................................................ 260
CHAPTER 17 COORDINATE TRANSFORMATION
17.1 Movement in an inclined plane .................................................................................... 263
17.2 Kinematics selection (#KIN ID) .................................................................................... 265
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
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17.3 Coordinate systems (#CS) (#ACS).............................................................................. 266
17.3.1 Coordinate system definition MODE 1..................................................................... 269
17.3.2 Coordinate system definition MODE 2..................................................................... 271
17.3.3 Coordinate system definition MODE 3..................................................................... 273
17.3.4 Coordinate system definition MODE 4..................................................................... 274
17.3.5 Coordinate system definition MODE5...................................................................... 275
17.3.6 Coordinate system definition MODE6...................................................................... 276
17.3.7 Operation with 45º spindles (Huron type) ................................................................ 279
17.4 How to combine several coordinate systems .............................................................. 280
17.5 Tool perpendicular to the plane (#TOOL ORI)............................................................. 282
17.6 Using RTCP (Rotating Tool Center Point) ................................................................... 284
17.6.1 Considerations about the RTCP function................................................................. 287
17.7 Tool length compensation (#TLC) ............................................................................... 288
17.8 Kinematics related variables........................................................................................ 289
17.9 How to withdraw the tool when losing the plane.......................................................... 290
CHAPTER 18 HSC. HIGH SPEED MACHINING
18.1 HSC mode. Optimizing the contouring error................................................................ 292
18.2 HSC mode. Optimizing the machining speed. ............................................................. 294
18.3 Canceling the HSC mode. ........................................................................................... 296
CHAPTER 19 LASER.
19.1 Synchronized switching. .............................................................................................. 297
19.1.1 Activate synchronized switching. ............................................................................. 298
19.1.2 Cancel synchronized switching................................................................................ 299
19.1.3 Variables related to synchronized switching. ........................................................... 300
19.2 PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation)................................................................................... 301
19.2.1 Activate the PWM. ................................................................................................... 302
19.2.2 Cancel the PWM...................................................................................................... 304
19.2.3 PWM variables......................................................................................................... 305
Programming manual
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
CHAPTER 20 VIRTUAL TOOL AXIS.
20.1 Activate the virtual tool axis. ........................................................................................ 308
20.2 Cancel the virtual tool axis........................................................................................... 309
20.3 Variables associated with the virtual tool axis. ............................................................ 310
CHAPTER 21 STATEMENTS AND INSTRUCTIONS
21.1 Programming statements............................................................................................. 312
21.1.1 Display instructions. Display an error on the screen................................................ 312
21.1.2 Display instructions. Display a warning on the screen............................................. 314
21.1.3 Display instructions. Display a message on the screen........................................... 316
21.1.4 Display instructions. Define the size of the the graphics area ................................. 317
21.1.5 Enabling and disabling instructions.......................................................................... 318
21.1.6 Electronic axis slaving.............................................................................................. 319
21.1.7 Axis parking ............................................................................................................. 320
21.1.8 Modifying the configuration of the axes of a channel............................................... 322
21.1.9 Modifying the configuration of the spindles of a channel ......................................... 327
21.1.10 Spindle synchronization ........................................................................................... 330
21.1.11 Selecting the loop for an axis or a spindle. Open loop or closed loop ..................... 334
21.1.12 Collision detection.................................................................................................... 336
21.1.13 Spline interpolation (Akima) ..................................................................................... 338
21.1.14 Polynomial interpolation........................................................................................... 341
21.1.15 Acceleration control ................................................................................................. 342
21.1.16 Definition of macros ................................................................................................. 344
21.1.17 Block repetition ........................................................................................................ 346
21.1.18 Communication and synchronization between channels ......................................... 348
21.1.19 Movements of independent axes ............................................................................. 351
21.1.20 Electronic cams........................................................................................................ 355
21.1.21 Additional programming instructions........................................................................ 358
21.2 Flow controlling instructions......................................................................................... 359
21.2.1 Jump to a block ($GOTO)........................................................................................ 359
21.2.2 Conditional execution ($IF) ...................................................................................... 360
21.2.3 Conditional execution ($SWITCH) ........................................................................... 362
21.2.4 Block repetition ($FOR) ........................................................................................... 363
21.2.5 Conditional block repetition ($WHILE) ..................................................................... 364
21.2.6 Conditional block repetition ($DO) ........................................................................... 365
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Programming manual
CHAPTER 22 CNC VARIABLES.
22.1 Understanding how variables work. ............................................................................. 367
22.1.1 Accessing numeric variables from the PLC. ............................................................ 369
22.2 Variables in a single-channel system........................................................................... 370
22.3 Variables in a multi-channel system. ........................................................................... 373
22.4 Variables related to general machine parameters. ...................................................... 376
22.5 Variables related to the machine parameters of the channels..................................... 397
22.6 Variables related to axis and spindle machine parameters. ........................................ 418
22.7 Variables related to the sets of machine parameters................................................... 455
22.8 Variables related to machine parameters for JOG mode............................................. 508
22.9 Variables related to machine parameters for M functions............................................ 512
22.10 Variables related to kinematic machine parameters. ................................................... 514
22.11 Variables related to machine parameters for the tool magazine.................................. 518
22.12 Variables related to OEM machine parameters. .......................................................... 521
22.13 Variables associated with the status and resources of the PLC. ................................. 523
22.14 PLC consulting logic signals; general. ......................................................................... 527
22.15 PLC consulting logic signals; axes and spindles. ........................................................ 538
22.16 PLC consulting logic signals; spindles. ........................................................................ 543
22.17 PLC consulting logic signals; independent interpolator. .............................................. 545
22.18 PLC consulting logic signals; tool manager. ................................................................ 547
22.19 PLC consulting logic signals; keys............................................................................... 550
22.20 PLC modifiable logic signals; general. ......................................................................... 551
22.21 PLC modifiable logic signals; axes and spindles. ........................................................ 559
22.22 PLC modifiable logic signals; spindles......................................................................... 565
22.23 PLC modifiable logic signals; independent interpolator. .............................................. 567
22.24 PLC modifiable logic signals; tool manager. ................................................................ 568
22.25 PLC modifiable logic signals; keys............................................................................... 573
22.26 Variables related to the machine configuration............................................................ 574
22.27 Variables related to volumetric compensation. ............................................................ 582
22.28 Variables associated with the Mechatrolink bus. ........................................................ 583
22.29 Variables related to synchronized switching. ............................................................... 585
22.30 PWM related variables................................................................................................. 586
22.31 Variables related to cycle time. .................................................................................... 588
22.32 Variables associated with the feedback inputs for analog axes................................... 590
22.33 Variables associated with the analog inputs and outputs. ........................................... 592
22.34 Variables associated with the velocity command and the feedback of the drive. ........ 593
22.35 Variables related to the change of gear and set of the Sercos drive. .......................... 595
22.36 Variables related to loop adjustment............................................................................ 596
22.37 Variables related to the loop of the axis or of the tandem spindle. .............................. 604
22.38 Variables related to user tables (zero offset table). ..................................................... 606
22.39 Variables related to user tables (fixture table). ............................................................ 611
22.40 Variables related to user tables (arithmetic parameters table). ................................... 613
22.41 Variables related to the position of the axes. ............................................................... 617
22.42 Variables related to spindle position. ........................................................................... 623
22.43 Feedrate related variables. .......................................................................................... 625
22.44 Variables associated with acceleration and jerk on the tool path. ............................... 630
22.45 Variables related to managing the feedrate in HSC mode........................................... 631
22.46 Variables related to spindle speed............................................................................... 634
22.47 Variables associated with the tool manager. ............................................................... 642
22.48 Variables related to managing the tool magazine and the tool changer arm............... 644
22.49 Variables related to the active tool and to the next one. .............................................. 646
22.50 Variables associated with any tool............................................................................... 658
22.51 Variables associated with the tool being prepared. ..................................................... 667
22.52 Variables related to jog mode. ..................................................................................... 675
22.53 Variables related to the programmed functions. .......................................................... 681
22.54 Variables related to the electronic cam........................................................................ 708
22.55 Variables related to the independent axes................................................................... 710
22.56 Variables associated with the virtual tool axis.............................................................. 717
22.57 Variables defined by the user. ..................................................................................... 718
22.58 General variables of the CNC. ..................................................................................... 719
22.59 Variables related to CNC status................................................................................... 722
22.60 Variables associated with the part-program being executed. ...................................... 727
22.61 Interface related variables............................................................................................ 731
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·7·
Programming manual
ABOUT THE PRODUCT
BASIC CHARACTERISTICS.
Basic characteristics. ·M· ·T·
PC-based system. Open system
Operating system. Windows XP
Number of axes. 3 to 28
Number of spindles. 1 to 4
Number of tool magazines. 1 to 4
Number of execution channels. 1 to 4
Number of handwheels. 1 to 12
Type of servo system. Analog / Digital Sercos / Digital Mechatrolink
Communications. RS485 / RS422 / RS232
Ethernet
Integrated PLC.
PLC execution time.
Digital inputs / Digital outputs.
Marks / Registers.
Timers / Counters.
Symbols.
Block processing time. < 1 ms
< 1ms/K
1024 / 1024
8192 / 1024
512 / 256
Unlimited
Remote modules. RIOW RIO5 RIO70
Communication with the remote modules. CANopen CANopen CANfagor
Digital inputs per module. 8 16 or 32 16
Digital outputs per module. 8 24 or 48 16
Analog inputs per module. 4 4 8
Analog outputs per module. 4 4 4
Inputs for PT100 temperature sensors. 2 2 - - -
Feedback inputs. - - - - - - 4
Differential TTL
Sinusoidal 1 Vpp
Customizing.
PC-based open system, fully customizable.
INI configuration files.
FGUIM visual configuration tool.
Visual Basic®, Visual C++®, etc.
Internal databases in Microsoft® Access.
OPC compatible interface
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·9·
Programming manual
SOFTWARE OPTIONS.
Bear in mind that some of the features described in this manual depend on the software options that are
installed. The information of the following table is informative only; when purchasing the software options,
only the information provided in the ordering handbook is valid.
Software options (·M· model).
8065 M 8065 M Power
Basic Pack 1 Basic Pack 1
Open system.
Access to the administrator mode.
Number of execution channels 1 1 1 1 to 4
Number of axes 3 to 6 5 to 8 5 to 12 8 to 28
Number of spindles 1 1 to 2 1 to 4 1 to 4
Number of tool magazines 1 1 1 to 2 1 to 4
Limited to 4 interpolated axes Option Option Option Option
IEC 61131 language - - - Option Option Option
HD graphics Option Option Standard Standard
Conversational IIP Option Option Option Option
Dual-purpose machines (M-T) - - - - - - Option Standard
"C" axis Standard Standard Standard Standard
Dynamic RTCP - - - Option Option Standard
HSSA machining system. Standard Standard Standard Standard
Probing canned cycles Option Standard Standard Standard
Tandem axes - - - Option Standard Standard
Synchronism and cams - - - - - - Option Standard
Tangential control - - - Standard Standard Standard
Volumetric compensation (up to 10 m³). - - - - - - Option Option
Volumetric compensation (more than 10 m³). - - - - - - Option Option
- - - - - - Option Option
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·10·
Programming manual
Software options (·T· model).
8065 T 8065 T Power
Basic Pack 1 Basic Pack 1
Open system.
Access to the administrator mode.
Number of execution channels 1 1 to 2 1 to 2 1 to 4
Number of axes 3 to 5 5 to 7 5 to 12 8 to 28
Number of spindles 2 2 3 to 4 3 to 4
Number of tool magazines 1 1 to 2 1 to 2 1 to 4
Limited to 4 interpolated axes Option Option Option Option
IEC 61131 language - - - Option Option Option
HD graphics Option Option Standard Standard
Conversational IIP Option Option Option Option
Dual-purpose machines (T-M) - - - - - - Option Standard
"C" axis Option Standard Standard Standard
Dynamic RTCP - - - - - - Option Standard
HSSA machining system. Option Standard Standard Standard
Probing canned cycles Option Standard Standard Standard
Tandem axes - - - Option Standard Standard
Synchronism and cams - - - Option Option Standard
Tangential control - - - - - - Option Standard
Volumetric compensation (up to 10 m³). - - - - - - Option Option
Volumetric compensation (more than 10 m³). - - - - - - Option Option
- - - - - - Option Option
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·11·
Programming manual
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
The manufacturer:
Fagor Automation S. Coop.
Barrio de San Andrés Nº 19, C.P.20500, Mondragón -Guipúzcoa- (Spain).
Declares:
The manufacturer declares under their exclusive responsibility the conformity of the product:
8065 CNC
Consisting of the following modules and accessories:
8065-M-ICU, 8065-T-ICU
MONITOR-LCD-10K, MONITOR-LCD-15, MONITOR-SVGA-15
HORIZONTAL-KEYB, VERTICAL-KEYB, OP-PANEL
BATTERY
Remote Modules RIOW, RIO5, RIO70, RCS-S.
Note.Some additional characters may follow the model references indicated above. They all comply with the
directives listed here. However, compliance may be verified on the label of the unit itself.
Referred to by this declaration with following directives:
Low-voltage regulations.
IEC 60204-1:2005/A1:2008 Electrical equipment on machines. Part1. General requirements.
Regulation on electromagnetic compatibility.
EN 61131-2: 2007 PLC. Part 2. Equipment requirements and tests.
According to the European Community Directives 2006/95/EC on Low Voltage and 2004/108/EC
on Electromagnetic Compatibility and their updates.
In Mondragón, September 1st, 2013.
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·13·
Programming manual
VERSION HISTORY
Here is a list of the features added to each manual reference.
Ref. 1103
First version.
Ref. 1201
Software V04.21
New model LCD-10K. • Variables:
Software V04.22
Set the zero offsets with a coarse part and a fine part. • Variables:
Cancel mirror image (G11/G12/G13/G14) after M30 and reset.
(V.)MPMAN.JOGKEYDEF[jk]
(V.)MPMAN.USERKEYDEF[uk]
(V.)[ch].A.ADDORG.xn
(V.)[ch].A.COARSEORG.xn
(V.)[ch].A.FINEORG.xn
(V.)[ch].A.COARSEORGT[nb].xn
(V.)[ch].A.FINEORGT[nb].xn
Ref. 1209
Software V04.24
Additional negative command pulse for analog axes. • Variable:
The SPDLEREV mark (reverse turning direction) affects the spindle in M19. • Variable:
Functions M02, M30 and reset do not cancel the speed limit function G192. • Function G192.
Functions M02, M30 and reset do not cancel the constant surface speed (CSS)
function.
(V.)[ch].MPA.BAKANOUT[set].xn
(V.)[ch].MPA.M19SPDLEREV.xn
• Function G96.
Ref. 1301
Software V04.25
Synchronized switching. • Variables:
Error programmed in HSC mode. • Variable:
The HSC FAST mode may be used to adjust the chordal error (parameter E). • Statement: #HSC
The CNC will load into RAM memory the subroutines having the extension .fst.
If function G95 is active and the spindle does not have an encoder, the CNC
will use the programmed theoretical rpm to calculate the feedrate.
(V.)G.TON (V.)G.TOF
(V.)G.PON (V.)G.POF
• Statement: #SWTOUT
(V.)[ch].G.CONTERROR
• Function G95.
Ref. 1305
Software V04.26
Keep the longitudinal axis when changing planes (G17/G18/G19). • Function G17/G18/G19.
The M3/M4/M5 functions cancel the C axis and set the spindle in open loop.
Programs with ".mod" extension may be modified when they are interrupted
using "cancel and resume".
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·15·
Programming manual
Ref. 1309
Software V04.27
Virtual tool axis. • Statement: #VIRTAX
• Variables:
(V.)[ch].G.VIRTAXIS
(V.)[ch].G.VIRTAXST
PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) • Statement: #PWMOUT
Modify the simulation speed via PLC. • Variable: (V.)PLC.SIMUSPEED
Execute subroutine as a single block. • Statement: #RETDSBLK
(V.)[ch].A.VIRTAXOF.xn
• Variables:
(V.)G.PWMON
(V.)G.PWMFREQ
(V.)G.PWMDUTY
(V.)PLC.PWMFREQ
(V.)PLC.PWMDUTY
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·16·
Programming manual
SAFETY CONDITIONS
Read the following safety measures in order to prevent harming people or damage to this product and those
products connected to it. Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible of any physical damage or
defective unit resulting from not complying with these basic safety regulations.
Before start-up, verify that the machine that integrates this CNC meets the 89/392/CEE Directive.
PRECAUTIONS BEFORE CLEANING THE UNIT
If the CNC does not turn on when actuating the start-up switch, verify the connections.
Do not get into the inside of the unit. Only personnel authorized by Fagor Automation may manipulate the
Do not handle the connectors with the unit
connected to AC power.
inside of this unit.
Before manipulating the connectors (inputs/outputs, feedback, etc.)
make sure that the unit is not connected to AC power.
PRECAUTIONS DURING REPAIR
In case of a malfunction or failure, disconnect it and call the technical service.
Do not get into the inside of the unit. Only personnel authorized by Fagor Automation may manipulate the
inside of this unit.
Do not handle the connectors with the unit
connected to AC power.
Before manipulating the connectors (inputs/outputs, feedback, etc.)
make sure that the unit is not connected to AC power.
PRECAUTIONS AGAINST PERSONAL DAMAGE
Interconnection of modules. Use the connection cables provided with the unit.
Use proper cables. To prevent risks, use the proper cables for mains, Sercos and Bus
CAN recommended for this unit.
In order to avoid electrical shock at the central unit, use the proper
power (mains) cable. Use 3-wire power cables (one for ground
connection).
Avoid electrical overloads. In order to avoid electrical discharges and fire hazards, do not apply
electrical voltage outside the range selected on the rear panel of the
central unit.
Ground connection. In order to avoid electrical discharges, connect the ground terminals
of all the modules to the main ground terminal. Before connecting the
inputs and outputs of this unit, make sure that all the grounding
connections are properly made.
In order to avoid electrical shock, before turning the unit on verify that
the ground connection is properly made.
Do not work in humid environments. In order to avoid electrical discharges, always work under 90% of
relative humidity (non-condensing) and 45 ºC (113 ºF).
Do not work in explosive environments. In order to avoid risks or damages, do no work in explosive
environments.
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·17·
Programming manual
PRECAUTIONS AGAINST PRODUCT DAMAGE
Working environment. This unit is ready to be used in industr ial environments complying with
the directives and regulations effective in the European Community.
Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible for any damage
suffered or caused by the CNC when installed in other environments
(residential or homes).
Install the unit in the right place. It is recommended, whenever possible, to install the CNC away from
coolants, chemical product, blows, etc. that could damage it.
This unit complies with the European directives on electromagnetic
compatibility. Nevertheless, it is recommended to keep it away from
sources of electromagnetic disturbance such as:
Powerful loads connected to the same AC power line as this
equipment.
Nearby portable transmitters (Radio-telephones, Ham radio
transmitters).
Nearby radio/TV transmitters.
Nearby arc welding machines.
Nearby High Voltage power lines.
Enclosures. The manufacturer is responsible of assuring that the enclosure
involving the equipment meets all the currently effective directives of
the European Community.
Avoid disturbances coming from the
machine.
Use the proper power supply. Use an external regulated 24 Vdc power supply for the keyboard and
Grounding of the power supply. The zero volt point of the external power supply must be connected
Analog inputs and outputs connection. Use shielded cables connecting all their meshes to the corresponding
Ambient conditions. The storage temperature must be between +5 ºC and +45 ºC (41 ºF
Central unit enclosure. Make sure that the needed gap is kept between the central unit and
Main AC power switch. This switch must be easy to access and at a distance between 0.7 and
The machine must have all the interference generating elements
(relay coils, contactors, motors, etc.) uncoupled.
the remote modules.
to the main ground point of the machine.
pin.
and 113 ºF).
The storage temperature must be between -25 ºC and 70 ºC (-13 ºF
and 158 ºF).
each wall of the enclosure.
Use a DC fan to improve enclosure ventilation.
1.7 m (2.3 and 5.6 ft) off the floor.
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·18·
PROTECTIONS OF THE UNIT ITSELF
Remote modules. All the digital inputs and outputs have galvanic isolation via
optocouplers between the CNC circuitry and the outside.
Programming manual
i
SAFETY SYMBOLS
Symbols that may appear on the manual.
Danger or prohibition symbol.
It indicates actions or operations that may hurt people or damage products.
Warning symbol.
It indicates situations that certain operations could cause and the suggested actions to prevent them.
Obligation symbol.
It indicates actions and operations that must be carried out.
Information symbol.
It indicates notes, warnings and advises.
Symbols that the product may carry.
Ground protection symbol.
It indicates that that point must be under voltage.
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·19·
Programming manual
WARRANTY TERMS
INITIAL WARRANTY
All products manufactured or marketed by FAGOR carry a 12-month warranty for the end user which could
be controlled by the our service network by means of the warranty control system established by FAGOR
for this purpose.
In order to prevent the possibility of having the time period from the time a product leaves our warehouse
until the end user actually receives it run against this 12-month warranty, FAGOR has set up a warranty
control system based on having the manufacturer or agent inform FAGOR of the destination, identification
and on-machine installation date, by filling out the document accompanying each FAGOR product in the
warranty envelope. This system, besides assuring a full year of warranty to the end user, enables our service
network to know about FAGOR equipment coming from other countries into their area of responsibility.
The warranty starting date will be the one appearing as the installation date on the above mentioned
document. FAGOR offers the manufacturer or agent 12 months to sell and install the product. This means
that the warranty starting date may be up to one year after the product has left our warehouse so long as
the warranty control sheet has been sent back to us. This translates into the extension of warranty period
to two years since the product left our warehouse. If this sheet has not been sent to us, the warranty period
ends 15 months from when the product left our warehouse.
This warranty covers all costs of material and labour involved in repairs at FAGOR carried out to correct
malfunctions in the equipment. FAGOR undertakes to repair or replace their products within the period from
the moment manufacture begins until 8 years after the date on which it disappears from the catalogue.
It is entirely up to FAGOR to determine whether the repair is or not under warranty.
EXCLUDING CLAUSES
Repairs will be carried out on our premises. Therefore, all expenses incurred as a result of trips made by
technical personnel to carry out equipment repairs, despite these being within the above-mentioned period
of warranty, are not covered by the warranty.
Said warranty will be applied whenever the equipment has been installed in accordance with instructions,
has not be mistreated, has not been damaged by accident or by negligence and has not been tampered
with by personnel not authorised by FAGOR. If, once servicing or repairs have been made, the cause of
the malfunction cannot be attributed to said elements, the customer is obliged to cover the expenses
incurred, in accordance with the tariffs in force.
Other warranties, implicit or explicit, are not covered and FAGOR AUTOMATION cannot be held responsible
for other damages which may occur.
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·21·
Programming manual
WARRANTY ON REPAIRS
In a similar way to the initial warranty, FAGOR offers a warranty on standard repairs according to the
following conditions:
PERIOD 12 months.
CONCEPT Covers parts and labor for repairs (or replacements) at the
network's own facilities.
EXCLUDING CLAUSES The same as those applied regarding the chapter on initial
warranty. If the repair is carried out within the warranty period, the
warranty extension has no effect.
When the customer does not choose the standard repair and just the faulty material has been replaced,
the warranty will cover just the replaced parts or components within 12 months.
For sold parts the warranty is 12 moths length.
SERVICE CONTRACTS
The SERVICE CONTRACT is available for the distributor or manufacturer who buys and installs our CNC
systems.
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·22·
Programming manual
MATERIAL RETURNING TERMS
When sending the central nit or the remote modules, pack them in its original package and packaging
material. If the original packaging material is not available, pack it as follows:
1 Get a cardboard box whose three inside dimensions are at least 15 cm (6 inches) larger than those
of the unit. The cardboard being used to make the box must have a resistance of 170 Kg (375 lb.).
2 Attach a label indicating the owner of the unit, person to contact, type of unit and serial number. In case
of malfunction also indicate symptom and a brief description of the problem.
3 Wrap the unit in a polyethylene roll or similar material to protect it. When sending a central unit with
monitor, protect especially the screen.
4 Pad the unit inside the cardboard box with poly-utherane foam on all sides.
5 Seal the cardboard box with packing tape or industrial staples.
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·23·
Programming manual
CNC MAINTENANCE
CLEANING
The accumulated dirt inside the unit may act as a screen preventing the proper dissipation of the heat
generated by the internal circuitry which could result in a harmful overheating of the unit and, consequently,
possible malfunctions. Accumulated dirt can sometimes act as an electrical conductor and short-circuit the
internal circuitry, especially under high humidity conditions.
To clean the operator panel and the monitor, a smooth cloth should be used which has been dipped into
de-ionized water and /or non abrasive dish-washer soap (liquid, never powder) or 75º alcohol. Do not use
highly compressed air to clean the unit because it could generate electrostatic discharges.
The plastics used on the front panel are resistant to grease and mineral oils, bases and bleach, dissolved
detergents and alcohol. Avoid the action of solvents such as chlorine hydrocarbons, venzole, esters and
ether which can damage the plastics used to make the unit’s front panel.
PRECAUTIONS BEFORE CLEANING THE UNIT
Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible for any material or physical damage derived from the
violation of these basic safety requirements.
• Do not handle the connectors with the unit connected to AC power. Before handling these connectors
(I/O, feedback, etc.), make sure that the unit is not connected to main AC power.
• Do not get into the inside of the unit. Only personnel authorized by Fagor Automation may manipulate
the inside of this unit.
• If the CNC does not turn on when actuating the start-up switch, verify the connections.
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·25·
CREATING A PROGRAM.
1.1 Programming languages.
The CNC has its own programming language described in this manual. The program is edited
block by block and each one may be written in ISO language or in High level language. See
"1.3 Program block structure." on page 31.
When editing high level commands, the editor offers a list of available commands.
8055 language.
Programs can also be edited in the 8055 CNC language. Programming in 8055 CNC
language is enabled from the part-program editor. Refer to the operating manual to enable
this option.
This manual does not describe the 8055 language; refer to the specific documentation for
this product. Obviously, since this CNC and the 8055 are two functionally different products,
some concepts may be different.
1
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·27·
1.
N10
N20
N30
N40
CNC program
Block
· · ·
Block
Subroutine
Block
· · ·
Block
Program body
Block
Programming manual
1.2 Program structure.
A CNC program consists of a set of blocks or instructions that properly organized, in
subroutines or in the program body, provide the CNC with the necessary data to machine
the desired part.
Each block contains all the functions or command necessary to execute an operation that
may be machining, preparing the cutting conditions, controlling the elements of the machine,
etc.
Program structure.
CREATING A PROGRAM.
%example
(Name of the program)
N5 F550 S1000 M3 M8 T1 D1
(Sets the machining conditions)
N6 G0 X0 Y0
(Positioning)
N10 G1 G90 X100
N20 Y50
N30 X0
N40 Y0
(Machining)
N50 M30
(End of program)
The CNC program may consist of several local subroutines and the body of the program.
The local subroutines must be defined at the beginning of the program.
CNC 8065
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Programming manual
1.2.1 Program body.
The body of the program has the following structure.
Header The header indicates the beginning of the body of the program.
Program blocks It is the main part of the program, the one containing
End of program
Program header.
The header of the program is a block consisting of the "%" character followed by the name
of the program. The name of the program may be up to 14 characters long and may consist
of uppercase and lowercase characters as well as numbers (no blank spaces are allowed).
The header must be programmed when the program has local
subroutines.
movements, operations, etc.
1.
%0123
%PROGRAM
%PART923R
The header must be programmed when the program contains local subroutines; otherwise,
programming the header is optional.
The name defined in the header has nothing to do with the name of the file. The two may
be different.
Program body.
The body of the program consists of blocks in charge of executing operations, movements,
etc.
End of the program.
The end of the program body is defined by functions "M02" or "M30" and they are equivalent.
There is no need to program these functions; when reaching the end of the program without
executing any of them, the CNC ends the execution and shows a warning indicating that they
are missing.
M30
M02
Program structure.
CREATING A PROGRAM.
The CNC behaves differently when reaching the end of the program depending on whether
the M02 / M30 has been programmed or not
With M02/M30 Without
M02/M30
The CNC selects the first block of the program. Yes Yes
The CNC stops the spindle. Yes No
The CNC assumes the initial conditions. Yes (*) No
The CNC initializes the cutting conditions. Yes No
(*) Stopping the spindle depends on the setting of machine parameter SPDLSTOP.
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(REF. 1309)
·29·
1.2.2 The subroutines.
1
3
2
4
%L POINTS
G01 X·· Y·· (Point 2)
G01 X·· Y·· (Point 3)
G01 X·· Y·· (Point 4)
M17
%PROGRAM
G81 X·· Y·· (Point 1. Center punching definition)
LL POINTS (call to a subroutine)
G81 X·· Y·· (Point 1. Center punching definition)
LL POINTS (call to a subroutine)
G84 X·· Y·· (Point 1. Center punching definition)
LL POINTS (call to a subroutine)
G80
M30
A subroutine is a set of blocks that, once properly identified, may be called upon several times
from another subroutine or from the program. Subroutines are normally used for defining a
bunch of operations or movements that are repeated several times throughout the program.
See chapter "12 Subroutines.".
Types of subroutines.
Programming manual
1.
Program structure.
CREATING A PROGRAM.
The CNC has two types of subroutines, namely local and global. There is also a third type
available, OEM subroutines, that are a special case of a global subroutine defined by the
OEM.
Global subroutines.
The global subroutine is stored in CNC memory as an independent program. This subroutine
may be called upon from any program or subroutine being executed.
Local subroutines.
The local subroutine is defined as part of a program. This subroutine may only be called upon
from the program where it has been defined.
A program can have several local subroutines; but they all must be defined before the body
of the program. A local subroutine can call a second local subroutine with the condition that
the calling subroutine be defined after the one being called.
CNC 8065
(REF. 1309)
·30·
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