Denon AVR-1905 User Manual

We greatly appreciate your purchase of this unit.

To be sure you take maximum advantage of all the features this unit has to offer, read these instructions carefully and use the set properly. Be sure to keep this manual for future reference should any questions or problems arise.

“SERIAL NO. PLEASE RECORD UNIT SERIAL NUMBER ATTACHED TO THE REAR OF THE CABINET FOR FUTURE REFERENCE”

“NO. DE SERIE PRIERE DE NOTER LE NUMERO DE SERIE DE L’APPAREIL INSCRIT A L’ARRIERE DU COFFRET DE FAÇON A POUVOIR LE CONSULTER EN CAS DE PROBLEME.”

Nous vous remercions pour l’achat de cet appareil.

Pour être sûr de profiter au maximum de toutes les caractéristiques qu’offre cet appareil, lire avec soin ces instructions et bien utiliser l’appareil. Toujours conserver ce mode d’emploi pour s’y référer ultérieurement en cas de question ou de problème.

FOR ENGLISH READERS PAGE 2 ~ PAGE 70, 138 ~ 142 POUR LES LECTEURS FRANCAIS PAGE 2, 71 ~ PAGE 142

AV SURROUND RECEIVER RÉCEPTEUR AUDIO-VIDÉO

AVR-1905/785

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS MODE D’EMPLOI

ENGLISH FRANCAIS

2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

2 NOTE ON USE / OBSERVATIONS RELATIVES A L’UTILISATION

•Avoid high temperatures. Allow for sufficient heat dispersion when installed on a rack.

• Eviter des températures élevées. Tenir compte d’une dispersion de chaleur suffisante lors de l’installation sur une étagère.

• Handle the power cord carefully. Hold the plug when unplugging the cord.

• Manipuler le cordon d’alimentation avec précaution. Tenir la prise lors du débranchement du cordon.

• Keep the set free from moisture, water, and dust.

•Protéger l’appareil contre l’humidité, l’eau et la poussière.

• Unplug the power cord when not using the set for long periods of time.

• Débrancher le cordon d’alimentation lorsque l’appareil n’est pas utilisé pendant de longues périodes.

* (For sets with ventilation holes)

• Do not obstruct the ventilation holes.

• Ne pas obstruer les trous d’aération.

• Do not let foreign objects in the set.

• Ne pas laisser des objets étrangers dans l’appareil.

• Do not let insecticides, benzene, and thinner come in contact with the set.

•Ne pas mettre en contact des insecticides, du benzène et un diluant avec l’appareil.

• Never disassemble or modify the set in any way.

• Ne jamais démonter ou modifier l’appareil d’une manière ou d’une autre.

CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK,

DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK). NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.

The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol, within an equilateral triangle, is intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated “dangerous voltage” within the product’s enclosure that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons.

The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user to the presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance.

WARNING: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC

SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPLIANCE TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.

CAUTION

TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK, MATCH WIDE BLADE OF PLUG TO WIDE SLOT, FULLY INSERT.

ATTENTION

POUR ÉVITER LES CHOCS ÉLECTRIQUES, INTERODUIRE LA LAME LA PLUS LARGE DE LA FICHE DANS LA BORNE CORRESPONDANTE DE LA PRISE ET POUSSER JUSQU’ AU FOND.

•

FOR CANADA MODEL ONLY

•

POUR LES MODELE CANADIEN UNIQUEMENT

1. PRODUCT

This product complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this product may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this product must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

2. IMPORTANT NOTICE: DO NOT MODIFY THIS PRODUCT

This product, when installed as indicated in the instructions contained in this manual, meets FCC requirements. Modification not expressly approved by DENON may void your authority, granted by the FCC, to use the product.

3. NOTE

This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This product generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this product does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the product OFF and ON, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the product into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the local retailer authorized to distribute this type of product or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

FCC INFORMATION (For US customers)

CAUTION

RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK

DO NOT OPEN

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

1. Read Instructions – All the safety and operating instructions should be read before the product is operated.

2. Retain Instructions – The safety and operating instructions should be retained for future reference.

3. Heed Warnings – All warnings on the product and in the operating instructions should be adhered to.

4. Follow Instructions – All operating and use instructions should be followed.

5. Cleaning – Unplug this product from the wall outlet before cleaning. Do not use liquid cleaners or aerosol cleaners.

6. Attachments – Do not use attachments not recommended by the product manufacturer as they may cause hazards.

7. Water and Moisture – Do not use this product near water – for example, near a bath tub, wash bowl, kitchen sink, or laundry tub; in a wet basement; or near a swimming pool; and the like.

8. Accessories – Do not place this product on an unstable cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table. The product may fall, causing serious injury to a child or adult, and serious damage to the product. Use only with a cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table recommended by the manufacturer, or sold with the product. Any mounting of the product should follow the manufacturer’s instructions, and should use a mounting accessory recommended by the manufacturer.

9. A product and cart combination should be moved with care. Quick stops, excessive force, and uneven surfaces may cause the product and cart combination to overturn.

10. Ventilation – Slots and openings in the cabinet are provided for ventilation and to ensure reliable operation of the product and to protect it from overheating, and these openings must not be blocked or covered. The openings should never be blocked by placing the product on a bed, sofa, rug, or other similar surface. This product should not be placed in a built-in installation such as a bookcase or rack unless proper ventilation is provided or the manufacturer’s instructions have been adhered to.

11. Power Sources – This product should be operated only from the type of power source indicated on the marking label. If you are not sure of the type of power supply to your home, consult your product dealer or local power company. For products intended to operate from battery power, or other sources, refer to the operating instructions.

12. Grounding or Polarization – This product may be equipped with a polarized alternating-current line plug (a plug having one blade wider than the other). This plug will fit into the power outlet only one way. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug fully into the outlet, try reversing the plug. If the plug should still fail to fit, contact your electrician to replace your obsolete outlet. Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized plug.

13. Power-Cord Protection – Power-supply cords should be routed so that they are not likely to be walked on or pinched by items placed upon or against them, paying particular attention to cords at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they exit from the product.

15. Outdoor Antenna Grounding – If an outside antenna or cable system is connected to the product, be sure the antenna or cable system is grounded so as to provide some protection against voltage surges and built-up static charges. Article 810 of the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70, provides information with regard to proper grounding of the mast and supporting structure, grounding of the lead-in wire to an antenna discharge unit, size of grounding conductors, location of antenna-discharge unit, connection to grounding electrodes, and requirements for the grounding electrode. See Figure A.

16. Lightning – For added protection for this product during a lightning storm, or when it is left unattended and unused for long periods of time, unplug it from the wall outlet and disconnect the antenna or cable system. This will prevent damage to the product due to lightning and power-line surges.

17. Power Lines – An outside antenna system should not be located in the vicinity of overhead power lines or other electric light or power circuits, or where it can fall into such power lines or circuits. When installing an outside antenna system, extreme care should be taken to keep from touching such power lines or circuits as contact with them might be fatal.

18. Overloading – Do not overload wall outlets, extension cords, or integral convenience receptacles as this can result in a risk of fire or electric shock.

19. Object and Liquid Entry – Never push objects of any kind into this product through openings as they may touch dangerous voltage points or short-out parts that could result in a fire or electric shock. Never spill liquid of any kind on the product.

20.

Servicing – Do not attempt to service this product yourself as opening or removing covers may expose you to dangerous voltage or other hazards. Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel.

21.

Damage Requiring Service – Unplug this product from the wall outlet and refer servicing to qualified service

personnel under the following conditions: a) When the power-supply cord or plug is damaged, b) If liquid has been spilled, or objects have fallen into the

product, c) If the product has been exposed to rain or water, d) If the product does not operate normally by following the

operating instructions. Adjust only those controls that are

covered by the operating instructions as an improper

adjustment of other controls may result in damage and will

often require extensive work by a qualified technician to

restore the product to its normal operation, e) If the product has been dropped or damaged in any way, and f) When the product exhibits a distinct change in performance

– this indicates a need for service.

22. Replacement Parts – When replacement parts are required, be sure the service technician has used replacement parts specified by the manufacturer or have the same characteristics as the original part. Unauthorized substitutions may result in fire, electric shock, or other hazards.

23. Safety Check – Upon completion of any service or repairs to this product, ask the service technician to perform safety checks to determine that the product is in proper operating condition.

24. Wall or Ceiling Mounting – The product should be mounted to a wall or ceiling only as recommended by the manufacturer.

25. Heat – The product should be situated away from heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other products (including amplifiers) that produce heat.

FIGURE A

EXAMPLE OF ANTENNA GROUNDING

AS PER NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE

ANTENNA LEAD IN WIRE

GROUND CLAMP

ELECTRIC SERVICE EQUIPMENT

ANTENNA DISCHARGE UNIT (NEC SECTION 810-20)

GROUNDING CONDUCTORS (NEC SECTION 810-21)

GROUND CLAMPS

POWER SERVICE GROUNDING ELECTRODE SYSTEM (NEC ART 250, PART H)

NEC - NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE

INTRODUCTION

ACCESSORIES

Thank you for choosing the DENON AVR-1905/785 Digital A / V Surround Receiver. This remarkable component has been engineered to provide superb surround sound listening with home theater sources such as DVD, as well as providing outstanding high fidelity reproduction of your favorite music sources. As this product is provided with an immense array of features, we recommend that before you begin hookup and operation that you review the contents of this manual before proceeding.

z Before Using ...............................................................................................5

x Cautions on Installation...............................................................................5

c Cautions on Handling ..................................................................................5

v Features ......................................................................................................6

b Connections........................................................................................7 ~ 15

n Part Names and Functions..................................................................16, 17

m Using the Remote Control Unit ................................................................18

, Setting up the System......................................................................19 ~ 30

. Remote Control Unit.........................................................................31 ~ 35

⁄0 Operation..........................................................................................36 ~ 41

⁄1 Multi Zone ........................................................................................42 ~ 44

⁄2 Surround ...........................................................................................45 ~ 53

⁄3 DSP Surround Simulation .................................................................54 ~ 57

⁄4 Listening to the Radio ......................................................................58 ~ 61

⁄5 Last Function Memory..............................................................................61

⁄6 Initialization of the Microprocessor ...........................................................61

⁄7 Additional Information ......................................................................62 ~ 68

⁄8 Troubleshooting.........................................................................................69

⁄9 Specifications ............................................................................................70

List of Preset Codes ...........................................................................138 ~ 142

Check that the following parts are included in addition to the main unit:

q Operating instructions .................................................................1

w Warranty ......................................................................................1

e Service station list .......................................................................1

r Remote control unit (RC-978)......................................................1

ty u

t R6P/AA batteries .........................................................................2

y AM loop antenna.........................................................................1

u FM indoor antenna ......................................................................1

ENGLISH

CAUTIONS ON INSTALLATION

Noise or disturbance of the picture may be generated if this unit or any other electronic equipment using microprocessors is used near a tuner or TV. If this happens, take the following steps:

• Install this unit as far as possible from the tuner or TV.

• Set the antenna wires from the tuner or TV away from this unit’s power cord and input/output connection cords.

• Noise or disturbance tends to occur particularly when using indoor antennas or 300 Ω/ohms feeder wires. We recommend using

outdoor antennas and 75 Ω/ohms coaxial cables.

For heat dispersal, leave at least 4 inch/10 cm of space between the top, back and sides of this unit and the wall or other components.

CAUTIONS ON HANDLING

• Switching the input function when input jacks are not connected

A clicking noise may be produced if the input function is switched when nothing is connected to the input jacks. If this happens, either turn down the MASTER VOLUME control or connect components to the input jacks.

• Muting of PRE OUT jacks, HEADPHONE jack and SPEAKER

terminals

The PRE OUT jacks, HEADPHONE jack and SPEAKER terminals include a muting circuit. Because of this, the output signals are greatly reduced for several seconds after the power switch is turned on or input function, surround mode or any other-set-up is changed. If the volume is turned up during this time, the output will be very high after the muting circuit stops functioning. Always wait until the muting circuit turns off before adjusting the volume.

• Whenever the unit is in the STANDBY state, the apparatus is

still connected on AC line voltage. Please be sure to turn the power off (£off) when you leave home for, say, a vacation.

BEFORE USING

Pay attention to the following before using this unit:

• Moving the set To prevent short circuits or damaged wires in the connection cords, always unplug the power cord and disconnect the connection cords between all other audio components when moving the set.

• Before turning the power switch on Check once again that all connections are proper and that there are not problems with the connection cords. Always set the power switch to the standby position before connecting and disconnecting connection cords.

• Store this instructions in a safe place. After reading, store this instructions along with the warranty in a safe place.

• Note that the illustrations in this instructions may differ from

the actual set for explanation purposes.

• V. AUX terminal

The AVR-1905/785’s front panel is equipped with a V. AUX terminal. Remove the cap covering the terminal when you want to use it.

ENGLISH

4 inch/10 cm or more

Wall

4 inch/10 cm or more

FEATURES

1. Dolby Digital

Using advanced digital processing algorithms, Dolby Digital provides up to 5.1 channels of wide-range, high fidelity surround sound. Dolby Digital is the default digital audio delivery system for DVD and North American DTV.

2. Dolby Pro Logic

IIx compatibility

Dolby Pro Logic IIx furthers the matrix decoding technology of Dolby Pro Logic II to decode audio signals recorded on two channels into up to 7.1 playback channels, including the surround back channel. Dolby Pro Logic IIx also allows 5.1-channel sources to be played in up to 7.1 channels. The mode can be selected according to the source. The Music mode is best suited for playing music,the Cinema mode for playing movies, and the Game mode for playing games. The Game mode can only be used with 2-channel audio sources.

3. Dolby Pro Logic

II Game mode compatibility

In addition to the previously offered Music and Cinema modes, the AVR-1905/785 also offers a Game mode optimum for games.

4. DTS (Digital Theater Systems)

DTS provides up to 5.1 channels of wide-range, high fidelity surround sound, from sources such as laser disc, DVD and specially-encoded music discs.

5. DTS-ES Extended Surround and DTS Neo:6

The AVR-1905/785 can be decoded with DTS-ES Extended Surround, a multi-channel format developed by Digital Theater Systems Inc. The AVR-1905/785 can be also decoded with DTS Neo:6, a surround mode allowing 6.1 channels playback of regular stereo sources.

6. DTS 96/24 compatibility

The AVR-1905/785 can be decoded with sources recorded in DTS 96/24, a multi-channel digital signal format developed by Digital Theater Systems Inc. DTS 96/24 sources can be played in the multi-channel mode on the AVR-1905/785 with high sound quality of 96 kHz/24 bits or 88.2 kHz/24 bits.

7. Multi Zone Music Entertainment System

Multi Source Function: This unit’s Multi Source function lets you select different audio sources for listening Different sources can thus be enjoyed in the main room (MAIN) and the subroom (ZONE2) simultaneously.

8. Future Sound Format Upgrade Capability via Eight Channel Outputs

For future multi-channel audio format(s), the AVR-1905/785 is provided with 5.1 channel (five main channels, plus one low frequency effects channel) inputs, along with a full set of 7.1 channel pre-amp outputs, controlled by the 8 channel master volume control. This assures future upgrade possibilities for any future multi-channel sound format.

9. Front input Terminal

The unit is equipped with a Front Input connector for the convenient connection of a video camera or other equipment.

10.Video Conversion Function

The AVR-1905/785 is equipped with a function for up-converting video signals.

Because of this, the AVR-1905/785’s MONITOR OUT jack can be connected to the monitor (TV) with a set of cables offering a higher quality connection, regardless of how the player and the AVR1905/785’s video input jacks are connected.

11.Component Video Switching

In addition to composite video and “S” video switching, the AVR1905/785 provides 3 sets of component video (Y, P

B/CB, PR/CR)

inputs, and one set of component video outputs to the television, for superior picture quality.

12.Auto Surround Mode

This function stores the surround mode last used for an input signal in the memory and automatically sets that surround mode the next time that signal is input.

13.Preset Memory Tuning

56-Station AM/FM Random Preset Memory tuning.

14.On Screen Display

Troublesome operations such as adjusting the delay time and other parameters according to the listening environment are greatly simplified. The various parameters can be set simply by selecting the graphic displayed on the monitor screen according to the listening room’s system environment.

ENGLISH

OUTPUT INPUT

LRL

OUTPUT

DIGITAL AUDIODIGITAL AUDIO

OPTICAL

OUTPUT

COAXIAL

DIGITAL AUDIODIGITAL AUDIO

INPUT

OPTICAL

OUTPUT

CONNECTIONS

• Do not plug in the AC cord until all connections have been completed.

• Be sure to connect the left and right channels properly (left with left, right with right).

• Insert the plugs securely. Incomplete connections will result in the generation of noise.

• Use the AC OUTLETS for audio equipment only. Do not use

them for hair driers, etc.

• Note that binding pin plug cords together with AC cords or placing them near a power transformer will result in generating hum or other noise.

• Noise or humming may be generated if a connected audio equipment is used independently without turning the power of this unit on. If this happens, turn on the power of the this unit.

Connecting the audio components

• When making connections, also refer to the operating instructions of the other components.

CD player

Connecting a CD player

Connect the CD player’s analog output jacks (ANALOG OUTPUT) to this unit’s CD jacks using pin plug cords.

Use these jacks if you wish to connect external power amplifier(s) to increase the power of the front, center and surround sound channels, or for connection to powered loudspeakers.

To use Surround back with one speaker, connect the speaker to SURR. BACK L CH.

AC OUTLETS

• SWITCHED (total capacity – 120 W (1 A.))

The power to these outlets is turned on and off in conjunction with the POWER operation switch on the main unit, and when the power is switched between on and standby from the remote control unit. No power is supplied from these outlets when this unit’s power is at standby. Never connect equipment whose total capacity is above 120 W (1 A.).

NOTE:

Only use the AC OUTLETS for audio equipment. Never use them for hair driers, TVs or other electrical appliances.

Connecting the AC OUTLETS

AC CORD

AC 120 V, 60 Hz

Connecting a tape deck

Connections for recording:

Connect the tape deck’s recording input jacks (LINE IN or REC) to this unit’s tape recording (CDR/TAPE OUT) jacks using pin plug cords.

Connections for playback:

Connect the tape deck’s playback output jacks (LINE OUT or PB) to this unit’s tape playback (CDR/TAPE IN) jacks using pin plug cords.

CD recorder or Tape deck

Route the connection cords, etc., in such a way that they do not obstruct the ventilation holes.

MD recorder, CD recorder or other component equipped with digital input/output jacks

CD player or other component equipped with digital output jacks

Connecting the DIGITAL jacks

Use these for connections to audio equipment with digital output. Refer to “Setting the Digital in Assignment”. (See page 26)

NOTES:

• Use 75 Ω/ohms cable pin cords for coaxial connections.

• Use optical cables for optical connections, removing the cap before connecting.

NOTE:

If humming noise is generated by a tape deck, etc., move the tape deck away.

Connecting the PRE OUT jacks

ENGLISH

VIDEO

RINOUT

AUDIO

VIDEO

OUT IN

LRL

RLR

R OUT

VIDEO

OUT

AUDIO

R OUT

VIDEO

OUT

AUDIO

R L

Connecting video components

•To connect the video signal, connect using a 75 Ω/ohms video signal cable cord. Using an improper cable can result in a drop in video quality.

• When making connections, also refer to the operating instructions of the other components.

• The AVR-1905/785 is equipped with a function for up-converting video signals.

• The signal connected to the video signal terminal is output to the S-Video and component video monitor out terminals.

• The REC OUT terminals have no conversion function, so when recording only connect the video terminals.

TV or DBS tuner

Connecting a TV/DBS tuner

TV or DBS

• Connect the TV’s or DBS tuner’s video output jack (VIDEO OUTPUT) to the (yellow) TV or DBS IN jack using a 75 Ω/ohms video coaxial pin plug cord.

• Connect the TV’s or DBS tuner’s audio output jacks (AUDIO OUTPUT) to the TV or DBS IN jacks using pin plug cords.

AUDIO

VIDEO

DVD player or video disc player (VDP), etc.

Connecting a DVD player or a video disc player (VDP)

DVD

• Connect the video disc player’s video output jack (VIDEO OUTPUT) to the (yellow) DVD IN jack using a 75 Ω/ohms video coaxial pin plug cord.

• Connect the video disc player’s analog audio output jacks (ANALOG AUDIO OUTPUT) to the DVD IN jacks using pin plug cords.

• VDP can be connected to the VDP jacks in the same way.

AUDIO

VIDEO

Monitor TV

MONITOR OUT

• Connect the TV’s video input jack (VIDEO INPUT) to the MONITOR OUT jack using a 75 Ω/ohms video coaxial pin plug cord.

VIDEO

Note on connecting the digital input jacks

• Only audio signals are inputs to the digital input jacks. For details. (See page 7)

Video deck

Connecting a video decks

• There are two sets of video deck (VCR) jacks, so two video decks can be connected for simultaneous recording or video copying.

Video input/output connections:

• Connect the video deck’s video output jack (VIDEO OUT) to the (yellow) VCR IN jack, and the video deck’s video input jack (VIDEO IN) to the (yellow) VCR OUT jack using 75 Ω/ohms video coaxial pin plug cords.

Connecting the audio output jacks

• Connect the video deck’s audio output jacks (AUDIO OUT) to the VCR IN jacks, and the video deck’s audio input jacks (AUDIO IN) to the VCR OUT jacks using pin plug cords.

AUDIO

VIDEO

Connecting a Monitor TV

ENGLISH

Connecting the video components equipped with S-Video jacks

• When making connections, also refer to the operating instructions of the other components.

• A note on the S input jacks

The input selectors for the S inputs and Video inputs work in conjunction with each other.

• The AVR-1905/785 is equipped with a function for converting video signals.

• The signal connected to the S-Video signal terminal is output to the composite video and component video monitor out terminals.

• The REC OUT terminals have no conversion function, so when recording only connect the S-Video terminals.

S-VIDEO

OUT

S-VIDEO

OUT

S-VIDEO

OUT IN

S-VIDEO

VIDEO IN

VIDEO OUT

VIDEO IN

VIDEO OUT

DVD player or video disc player (VDP)

Connecting a DVD player or a video disc player (VDP)

DVD/VDP

• Connect the DVD player’s S-Video output jack to the SVIDEO DVD IN jack using a S-Video connection cord.

• VDP can be connected to the VDP jacks in the same way.

• It is also possible to connect a video disc player, DVD player, video camcorder, game machine, etc., to the V. AUX jacks.

Connecting a monitor TV

MONITOR OUT

• Connect the TV’s S video input (S-VIDEO INPUT) to the MONITOR OUT jack using a S jack connection cord.

S-VIDEO

Monitor TV

Connecting a TV or DBS tuner

• Connect the TV’s or DBS tuner’s S video output jack (S-VIDEO OUTPUT) to the TV or DBS IN jack using an S-Video connection cord.

S-VIDEO

TV or satellite broadcast tuner

Video deck

Connecting the video decks

• Connect the video deck’s S output jack (S-OUT) to the VCR IN jack and the video deck’s S input jack (S-

IN) to the VCR OUT jack using S-Video connection cords.

S-VIDEO

Connect the components’ audio inputs and outputs as described on page 8.

ENGLISH

VIDEO OUT

CRCB

COMPONENT

YCRCB

VIDEO IN

COMPONENT

Connecting the Video Component Equipped with Color Difference (Component - Y, PR/CR, PB/CB) Video Jacks

• When making connections, also refer to the operating instructions of the other components.

• The signals input to the color difference (component) video jacks are not outputs to the VIDEO output jack (yellow) or the S-Video output jack.

• Some video sources with component video outputs are labeled Y, CB, CR or Y, Pb, Pr or Y, R-Y, B-Y. These terms all refer to component video color difference output.

• The function assigned to the component video input can be changed at the system setup. For details, see “Setting the Video Input Mode”. (See page 26)

DVD player

Connecting a DVD player

DVD IN jacks

• Connect the DVD player’s color difference (component) video output jacks (COMPONENT VIDEO OUTPUT) to the COMPONENT VIDEO-1 IN jack using 75 Ω/ohms coaxial video pin-plug cords.

• In the same way, another video source with component video outputs such as a TV/DBS tuner, etc., can be connected to the VIDEO-2 color difference (component) video jacks.

Monitor TV

Connecting a monitor TV

MONITOR OUT jack

• Connect the TV’s color difference (component) video input jacks (COMPONENT VIDEO INPUT) to the COMPONENT MONITOR OUT jack using 75 Ω/ohms coaxial video pin-plug cords.

• The color difference input jacks may be indicated differently on some TVs, monitors or video components (“C

, CBand Y”, “R-Y, B-Y and Y”, “Pr, Pb and Y”, etc.). For details,

carefully read the operating instructions included with the TV or other component.

MONITOR OUT jacks

The AVR-1905/785 is equpped with a function for up-converting video signals. Because of this, the AVR-1905/785’s MONITOR OUT jack can be connected to the monitor (TV) with a set of cables offering a higher quality connection, regardless of how the player and the AVR1905/785’s video input jacks are connected. Generally speaking, connections using the component video jacks offer te highest quality playback, followed by connections using the SVideo jacks, then connections using regular video jacks (yellow).

NOTE:

Down-converting from the component video signal to the S-Video and composite video signal is not possible, so when not using the component video monitor output terminal connect the player using the S-Video or composite video input terminal.

Cautions on the video conversion function:

When the component video terminals are used to connect the AVR1905/785 with a TV (or monitor, projector, etc.) and the video (yellow) or S-Video terminals are used to connect the AVR-1905/785 with a VTR, depending on the combination of the TV and VTR the picture may flicker in the horizontal direction, be distorted, be out of sync not display at all when playing video tapes. If this happens, connect a commercially available video stabilizer, etc., with a TBC (time base corrector) function between the AVR-1905/785 and the VTR, or if your VTR has a TBC function, turn it on.

(S-Video jack)

(Video jack) (Video jack)

(S-Video jack)

(Color Diffrence Video jack)(Color Diffrence Video jack)

The Video Conversion Function

With the AVR-1905/785, the Video signal and the S-video signal which were inputted are converted mutually. And also the Video signal and the S-Video signal which were inputted are converted into a higher quality.

This unit’s input jacks This unit’s output jacks

The flow of the this unit’s internal signals.

ENGLISH

Connecting the antenna terminals

DIRECTION OF BROADCASTING STATION

AM LOOP ANTENNA (An Accessory)

FM ANTENNA

GROUND

AM OUTDOOR ANTENNA

FM INDOOR ANTENNA (An Accessory)

75 Ω/ohms COAXIAL CABLE

AM loop antenna assembly

Connect to the AM antenna terminals.

Bend in the reverse direction.

Remove the vinyl tie and take out the connection line.

a. With the antenna

on top any stable surface.

b. With the antenna

attached to a wall.

Mount

Installation hole Mount on wall, etc.

Connection of AM antennas

1. Push the lever. 2. Insert the conductor.

3. Return the lever.

Note to CATV system installer:

This reminder is provided to call the CATV system installer’s attention to Article 820-40 of the NEC which provides guidelines for proper grounding and, in particular, specifies that the cable ground shall be connected to the grounding system of the building, as close to the point of cable entry as practical.

NOTES:

• Do not connect two FM antennas simultaneously.

• Even if an external AM antenna is used, do not disconnect the AM loop antenna.

• Make sure AM loop antenna lead terminals do not touch metal parts of the panel.

An F-type FM antenna cable plug can be connected directly.

ENGLISH

Connecting the external input (EXT. IN) jacks

• These jacks are for inputting multi-channel audio signals from an outboard decoder, or a component with a different type of multi-channel decoder, such as a DVD Audio player, a multi-channel SACD player, or other future multi-channel sound format decoder.

• When making connections, also refer to the operating instructions of the other components.

Decoder with 6-channel analog output

Front

Surround

Subwoofer

Center

For instructions on playback using the external input (EXT. IN) jacks, see page 39.

Connecting the video component equipped with V.AUX jacks

•To connect the video signal, connect using a 75 Ω/ohms video signal cable cord.

R VIDEO OUT

OPTICAL

OUTPUT

R VIDEO OUTL

OUTPUT

LINE OUT

DIGITAL OUT

VIDEO OUT

LINE OUT

Video game

Video camera

Connecting a Video game component

• Connect the Video game component’s output jacks to this unit’s V. AUX INPUT jacks.

Connecting a video camera component

• Connect the video camera component’s output jacks to this unit’s V. AUX INPUT jacks.

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OUTPUT

INPUT

AUX OUT

(R) (L)

Connecting the MULTI ZONE jacks

For instructions on operations using the MULTI ZONE FUNCTIONS. (See page 42 ~ 44)

[2] ZONE2 SPEAKER OUT and PREOUT CONNECTIONS

• If another power amplifier or pre-main (integrated) amplifier is connected, the ZONE2 output terminals can be used to play a different program source in ZONE2 the same time.

• ZONE2 SPEAKER OUT can be used when “ZONE2” is selected at System Setup Menu “Power Amp Assign”. In this case , Surround Back Speaker OUT cannot be used for MAIN ZONE. (See page 29)

[1] ZONE 2 FIXED OUT CONNECTIONS

• If another pre-main (integrated) amplifier is connected, the ZONE2 Fixed-out (variable/fixed level) jacks can be used to play a different program source in ZONE2 the same time. (See page 44)

OUTPUT

INPUT

AUX OUT

ZONE2

RC-616 INFRARED RETRANSMITTER

Integrated pre-main amplifier

RC-617 INFRARED SENSOR

Extension jacks for future use.

ZONE2

RC-616 INFRARED RETRANSMITTER

Integrated pre-main amplifier or power amplifier

RC-617 INFRARED SENSOR

Extension jacks for future use.

SURROUND BACK/MULTI ZONE SPEAKER SYSTEMS

NOTE:

• The settings must be changed to use this speaker for ZONE2. See page 29.

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Speaker system connections

• Connect the speaker terminals with the speakers making sure that like polarities are matched (≈ with ≈ , √ with √). Mismatching of polarities will result in weak central sound, unclear orientation of the various instruments, and the sense of direction of the stereo being impaired.

• When making connections, take care that none of the individual conductors of the speaker cord come in contact with adjacent terminals, with other speaker cord conductors, or with the rear panel.

NOTE: NEVER touch the speaker terminals when the power is on. Doing so could result in electric shocks.

Speaker Impedance

• When speaker systems A and B are use separately, speakers with an impedance of 6 to 16 Ω/ohms can be connected for use as front speakers.

• Be careful when using two pairs of front speakers (A + B) at the same time, since use of speakers with an impedance of 12 to 16 Ω/ohms.

• Speakers with an impedance of 6 to 16 Ω/ohms can be connected for use as center and surround and surround back speakers.

•The protector circuit may be activated if the set is played for long periods of time at high volumes when speakers with an impedance lower than the specified impedance are connected.

Connecting the speaker cords

1. Loosen by turning counterclockwise.

2. Insert the cord. 3. Tighten by turning clockwise.

Connecting banana plugs

Turn clockwise to tighten, then insert the banana plug.

Banana plug

• This unit is equipped with a high-speed protection circuit. The purpose of this circuit is to protect the speakers under circumstances such as when the output of the power amplifier is inadvertently short-circuited and a large current flows, when the temperature surrounding the unit becomes unusually high, or when the unit is used at high output over a long period which results in an extreme temperature rise. When the protection circuit is activated, the speaker output is cut off and the power supply indicator LED flashes. Should this occur, please follow these steps: be sure to switch off the power of this unit, check whether there are any faults with the wiring of the speaker cables or input cables, and wait for the unit to cool down if it is very hot. Improve the ventilation condition around the unit and switch the power back on. If the protection circuit is activated again even though there are no problems with the wiring or the ventilation around the unit, switch off the power and contact a DENON service center.

Protector circuit

• The protector circuit may be activated if the set is played for long periods of time at high volumes when speakers with an impedance lower than the specified impedance (for example speakers with an impedance of lower than 4 Ω/ohms) are connected. If the protector circuit is activated, the speaker output is cut off. Turn off the set’s power, wait for the set to cool down, improve the ventilation around the set, then turn the power back on.

Note on speaker impedance

ENGLISH

(R) (L)

(L) (

) (L) (

)

(L) (

)

Connections

• When making connections, also refer to the operating instructions of the other components.

Connection jack for subwoofer with built-in amplifier (super woofer), etc.

CENTER SPEAKER

SYSTEM

SURROUND BACK/MULTI ZONE SPEAKER SYSTEMS

SURROUND SPEAKER

SYSTEMS

• Precautions when connecting speakers If a speaker is placed near a TV or video monitor, the colors on the screen may be disturbed by the speaker’s magnetism. If this should happen, move the speaker away to a position where it does not have this effect.

NOTES:

•To use Surround back with one speaker, connect the speaker to SURR. BACK L CH.

• The settings must be changed to use this speaker for ZONE2. See page 29.

FRONT SPEAKER

SYSTEMS (B)

FRONT SPEAKER

SYSTEMS (A)

ENGLISH

PART NAMES AND FUNCTIONS

Front Panel

• For details on the functions of these parts, refer to the pages given in parentheses ( ).

qwuei

@1@2@3@4@5@6@7@8

!5 !6 !7!0!8@0!9

#0#1#3

#4 #2

Power ON/STANDBY switch .......................................(21, 36, 58)

Power indicator ..................................................................(21, 36)

Power switch .....................................................................(21, 36)

Headphones jack (PHONES) ....................................................(40)

INPUT MODE button .........................................................(37, 39)

SPEAKER A/B buttons .......................................................(36, 61)

SURROUND BACK button .......................................................(51)

EXT. IN button ....................................................................(37, 39)

BAND button............................................................................(59)

STANDARD button.................................................(45, 47, 49, 51)

5CH/7CH STEREO button ........................................................(55)

DIRECT/STEREO button...........................................................(39)

Preset station buttons..............................................................(60)

TUNING • (up) / ª (down) buttons ..........................................(59)

V. AUX INPUT terminals.......................................................(5, 12)

SURROUND MODE button......................................................(38)

SURROUND PARAMETER button.....................................(47, 55)

SELECT knob ...............................................................(38, 48, 56)

TONE DEFEAT button..............................................................(40)

TONE CONTROL button ..........................................................(40)

MASTER VOLUME control ......................................................(38)

STATUS button.........................................................................(41)

DIMMER button.......................................................................(41)

VIDEO SELECT button .............................................................(40)

OUTPUT indicators.............................................................(44, 51)

MASTER VOLUME indicator....................................................(38)

Display

INPUT mode indicators ............................................................(38)

SIGNAL indicators ....................................................................(38)

ANALOG button .................................................................(37, 39)

Remote control sensor.............................................................(18)

ZONE2/REC SELECT button ..............................................(41, 44)

FUNCTION knob ..........................................................(37, 41, 44)

MAIN button.............................................................................(37)

ENGLISH

Remote control unit

• For details on the functions of these parts, refer to the pages given in parentheses ( ).

SURROUND buttons .............(38, 45, 55)

Cursor buttons.................(19, 33, 34, 48)

Test tone button.................................(45)

Remote control signal

transmitter .........................................(18)

Master volume control

buttons...............................................(38)

POWER buttons ..............(21, 32~34, 36)

MUTING button .................................(40)

Mode selector switches

...............................................(31~33, 35)

Tuner system/

System buttons ...............(31, 33, 34, 59)

SYSTEM SET UP/

SETUP button ........................(19, 33, 34)

INPUT MODE selector

buttons.........................................(37, 39)

Input source selector buttons

...............................................(32~35, 37)

SURROUND PARAMETER/SYSTEM

button ....................................(33, 34, 47)

CH SELECT (channel select)/ ENTER

button ........................(19, 33, 34, 46, 48)

SURROUND BACK/RETURN

button ....................................(33, 34, 51)

DIMMER button.................................(41)VIDEO SELECT button.......................(40)

System buttons .....................(31, 33, 34)

LED (indicator) .............................(32, 35)

ZONE2 buttons ..................................(44) MAIN buttons ....................................(44)

ON SCREEN/DISPLAY button

...............................................(33, 34, 53)

SPEAKER button................................(36)

ENGLISH

USING THE REMOTE CONTROL UNIT

Following the procedure outlined below, insert the batteries before using the remote control unit.

Range of operation of the remote control unit

Inserting the batteries

Point the remote control unit at the remote control sensor as shown on the diagram at the left.

NOTES:

• The remote control unit can be used from a straight distance of approximately 23 feet/7 meters, but this distance will shorten or operation will become difficult if there are obstacles between the remote control unit and the remote control sensor, if the remote control sensor is exposed to direct sunlight or other strong light, or if operated from an angle.

• Neon signs or other devices emitting pulse-type noise nearby may result in malfunction, so keep the set as far away from such devices as possible.

Approx. 23 feet/7 m

30°

w Insert the R6P/AA batteries properly, as

shown on the diagram.

q Press as shown by the arrow and slide off. e Close the lid.

NOTES:

• Use only R6P/AA batteries for replacement.

• Be sure the polarities are correct. (See the illustration inside the battery compartment.)

• Remove the batteries if the remote control transmitter will not be used for an extended period of time.

• If batteries leak, dispose of them immediately. Avoid touching the leaked material or letting it come in contact with clothing, etc. Clean the battery compartment thoroughly before installing new batteries.

•Have replacement batteries on hand so that the old batteries can be replaced as quickly as possible when the time comes.

• Even if less than a year has passed, replace the batteries with new ones if the set does not operate even when the remote control unit is operated nearby the set. (The included battery is only for verifying operation. Replace it with a new battery as soon as possible.)

ENGLISH

SETTING UP THE SYSTEM

• Once all connections with other AV components have been completed as described in “CONNECTIONS” (see pages 7 to 15), make the various settings described below on the monitor screen using the AVR-1905/785’s on-screen display function. These settings are required to set up the listening room’s AV system centered around the AVR-1905/785.

SYSTEM SETUP button

Press this to display the system setup on the display.

CURSOR buttons (•, ª, 0, 1)

Press this change what appears on the display.

ENTER button

Press this to switch the display. Also use this button to complete the setting.

Set the slide switch to “AUDIO”.

Use the following buttons to set up the system:

• System setup items and default values (set upon shipment from the factory)

System setup Default settings

Use the following buttons to set up the system

Speaker Configuration

Input the combination of speakers in your system and their corresponding sizes (SMALL for regular speakers, LARGE for fullsize, full-range) to automatically set the composition of the signals output from the speakers and the frequency response.

Front Sp.

Large

Center Sp. SubwooferSurround Sp.

Small YesSmall

Surround Back Sp.

Small / 2 spkrs

Subwoofer Mode This selects the subwoofer speaker for playing deep bass signals. Subwoofer mode = LFE (Normal)

Front L Center

Surround

Back L

12 ft 12 ft 10 ft

Delay Time

This parameter is for optimizing the timing with which the audio signals are produced from the speakers and subwoofer according to the listening position.

Subwoofer

12 ft

Front R

12 ft

Surround

10 ft

Surround

10 ft

Surround

Back R

10 ft

Crossover Frequency

Set the frequency (Hz) below which the bass sound of the various speakers is to be output from the subwoofer.

80 Hz

Test Tone

This adjusts the volume of the signals output from the speakers and subwoofer for the different channels in order to obtain optimum effects.

Front L Center

Surround

Back L

0 dB 0 dB 0 dB

Subwoofer

0 dB

Front R

0 dB

Surround

0 dB

Surround

0 dB

Surround

Back R

0 dB

Digital In Assignment

This assigns the digital input jacks for the different input sources.

Input source

Digital Inputs

CD DVD/VDP TV/DBS

COAXIAL OPTICAL 1 OPTICAL 2

Video Input Mode Set the input signal to be output from the monitor output terminal. AUTO

Auto Surround Mode

Auto surround mode function setting. Auto S urr ound Mode = ON

Ext. In SW Level Set the Ext. In Subwoofer channel playback level. Ext. In SW Level = +15 dB

Power AMP Assignment

Set this to switch the surround back channel’s power amplifier for use for Zone 2.

Surround Back

On Screen Display

This sets whether or not to display the on-screen display that appears on the monitor screen when the controls on the remote control unit or main unit are operated. A setting to prevent flickering.

On Screen Display = ON /Mode 1

ENGLISH

System setup Default settings

Auto Tuner Presets

FM stations are received automatically and stored in the memory.

A1 ~ A8

B1 ~ B8

C1 ~ C8

D1 ~ D8

E1 ~ E8

87.5 / 89.1 / 98.1 / 107.9 / 90.1 / 90.1 / 90.1 / 90.1 MHz

520 / 600 / 1000 / 1400 / 1500 / 1710 kHz, 90.1 / 90.1 MHz

90.1 MHz

F1 ~ F8

G1 ~ G8

90.1 MHz

NOTES:

• The on-screen display signals are output with priority to the S-VIDEO MONITOR OUT jack during playback of a video component. For example, if the TV monitor is connected to both the AVR-1905/785’s S-Video and video monitor output jacks and signals are input to the AVR1905/785 from a video source (VDP, etc.) connected to both the S-Video and video input jacks, the on-screen display signals are output with priority to the S-Video monitor output. If you wish to output the signals to the video monitor output jack, do not connect a cord to the SVIDEO MONITOR OUT jack. (For details, see page 30.)

• The AVR-1905/785’s on-screen display function is designed for use with high resolution monitor TVs, so it may be difficult to read small characters on TVs with small screens or low resolutions.

• The setup menu is not displayed when headphone are being used.

2 Speaker system layout

Basic system layout

• The following is an example of the basic layout for a system consisting of 8 speaker systems and a television monitor:

Subwoofer Center speaker system

Surround speaker systems

Surround back speaker system

Front speaker systems Set these at the sides of the TV or screen with their front surfaces as flush with the front of the screen as possible.

ENGLISH

Before setting up the system

Press the SYSTEM SETUP button to enter the setting.

Press the ENTER or (down) button to switch to the Speaker Configuration set up.

*SYSTEM SET UP

NOTE:

Press the SYSTEM SETUP button again to finish system set up. System set up can be finished at any time. The changes to the settings made up to that point are entered.

NOTE: Please make sure the “AUDIO” position of the slide switch

on the remote control unit.

ON / STANDBY

Turn on the power. Press the Power ON/STANDBY switch (button).

(Main unit) (Remote control unit)

ON OFF

Press the Power switch (button) .

(Main unit)

• ¢ ON The power turns on and indicator is light. Set the power switch to this position to turn the power on and off from the included remote control unit.

• £ OFF The power turns off and indicator is off. In this position, the power cannot be turned on and off from the remote control unit.

Refer to “CONNECTIONS” (pages 7 to 15) and check that all connections are correct.

ENGLISH

Center Sp. Front Sp.Front Sp.

Subwoofer

Surround Sp.

Listening position

Surround Sp.

Surround back Sp.

1 FRONT LARGE

Setting the type of speakers

• Set up in function of your speaker systems. Performing this setup optimizes the system.

• The composition of the signals output to the different channels and the frequency response are adjusted automatically according to the combination of speakers actually being used.

Set whether or not speakers are connected and, if so, their size parameters.

•To select the speaker

•To select the parameter

Press the ENTER or (down) button to enter the settings and switch to the SPEAKER DISTANCE setting.

• Parameters

Large...................Select this when using speakers that have sufficient performance for reproducing bass sound below the frequency set for

the Crossover Frequency mode.

Small...................Select this when using speakers that do not have sufficient performance for reproducing bass sound below the frequency set

for the Crossover Frequency mode. When this is set, bass sound with a frequency below the frequency set for the Crossover

Frequency mode is sent to the subwoofer.

None……............Select this when no speakers are installed.

Yes/No….............Select “Yes” when a subwoofer is installed, “No” when a subwoofer is not installed.

2spkrs/1spkr .......Set the number of speakers to be used for the surround back channel.

If the subwoofer has sufficient low frequency playback capacity, good sound can be achieved even when “Small” is set for the front, center and surround speakers.

ENGLISH

Setting the delay time

• Input the distance between the listening position and the different speakers to set the delay time for the surround mode.

Preparations:

Measure the distances between the listening position and the speakers (L1 to L5) on the diagram at the right).

L1: Distance between center speaker and listening position L2: Distance between front speakers and listening position L3: Distance between surround speakers and listening position L4: Distance between surround back speaker and listening position L5: Distance between subwoofer and listening position

CAUTION:

Please note that the difference for every speaker should be 20 ft or less.

NOTES:

• No setting when “None” has been selected for the Speaker Configuration setting.

• Surround back is not displayed when ZONE 2 is set with the POWER AMP ASSIGN setting.

Center FRFL

Subwoofer

Listening position

SBR

Select the speaker to be set.

Set the distance between the speaker and listening position. The distance changes in units of 1 foot (0.1 meters) each time the button is pressed. Select the value closest to the measured distance.

Press the ENTER or (down) button to enter the setting and switch the SUBWOOFER MODE setting.

7 FRONT L 12ft

SBL

ENGLISH

Setting the Subwoofer mode and Crossover Frequency

Press the ENTER or (down) button to enter the setting and switch to the Test Tone setting.

This screen is not displayed when not using a subwoofer.

• Set the crossover frequency and subwoofer mode according to the speaker system being used.

NOTES: — Assignment of low frequency signal range —

• The signals produced from the subwoofer channel are LFE signals (during playback of Dolby Digital or DTS signals) and the low frequency signal range of channels set to “SMALL” in the setup. The low frequency signal range of channels set to “LARGE” are produced from those channels.

— Crossover Frequency —

• When “Subwoofer” is set to “Yes” at the “Speaker Configuration Setting”, set the frequency (Hz) below which the bass sound of the various speakers is to be output from the subwoofer (the crossover frequency).

• For speakers set to “Small”, sound with a frequency below the crossover frequency is cut, and the cut bass sound is output from the subwoofer instead. NOTE:For ordinary speaker systems, we recommend setting the crossover frequency to 80 Hz. When using small speakers, however,

setting the crossover frequency to a high frequency may improve frequency response for frequencies near the crossover frequency.

— Subwoofer mode —

• The subwoofer mode setting is only valid when “Large” is set for the front speakers and “YES” is set for the subwoofer in the “Speaker Configuration” settings (see page 22).

• When the “LFE+MAIN” playback mode is selected, the low frequency signal range of channels set to “Large” are produced simultaneously from those channels and the subwoofer channel. In this playback mode, the low frequency range expand more uniformly through the room, but depending on the size and shape of the room, interference may result in a decrease of the actual volume of the low frequency range.

• Selection of the “LFE ” play mode will play the low frequency signal range of the channel selected with “Large” from that channel only. Therefore, the low frequency signal range that are played from the subwoofer channel are only the low frequency signal range of LFE (only during Dolby Digital or DTS signal playback) and the channel specified as “Small” in the setup menu.

• Select the play mode that provides bass reproduction with quantity.

• When the subwoofer is set to “Yes”, bass sound is output from the subwoofer regardless of the subwoofer mode setting in surround modes other than Dolby/DTS.

• In surround modes other than Dolby Digital and DTS, if the subwoofer is set to “YES”, the low frequency portion is always output to the subwoofer channel. For details, refer to “Surround Modes and Parameters” on page 57.

Select the “Subwoofer Mode”. Select the setting.

Select the “Crossover Frequency” mode.

Select the frequency.

15SW MODE NORM

16CR.OVER 80Hz

•40 / 60 / 80 / 100 / 120 / 150 / 200 / 250 Hz can be selected.

ENGLISH

+ 53 hidden pages

Denon AVR-1905 User Manual

AVR-1905/785

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ENGLISH

CAUTIONS ON INSTALLATION

CAUTIONS ON HANDLING

BEFORE USING

FEATURES

CONNECTIONS

PART NAMES AND FUNCTIONS

USING THE REMOTE CONTROL UNIT

SETTING UP THE SYSTEM