Datasheet SP5669, SP5669KG, SP5669MP1S, SP5669MP1T Datasheet (MITEL)

Page 1
Ordering Information
SP5669/KG/MP1S (Tubes) SP5669/KG/MP1T (Tape and reel)
The comparison frequency is obtained either from an on–chip crystal controlled oscillator, or from an external source. The oscillator frequency F
ref
or the comparison
comp
may be switched to the REF/COMP output. This feature is ideally suited to providing the reference frequency for a second synthesiser such as in a double conversion tuner (see Fig. 8).
The synthesiser is controlled via an I 2 C bus, and responds to one of four programmable addresses which are selected by applying a specific voltage to the ‘address’ input. This feature enables two or more synthesisers to be used in a system.
The device contains four switching ports P0–P3 and a 5–level ADC. The output of the ADC can be read via the I 2 C bus.
The device also contains a varactor line disable and chargepump disable facility.
Features
Complete 2.7GHz single chip system
Compatible with UK DTT offset requirements
Optimised for low phase noise
Selectable divide by two prescaler
Selectable reference division ratio
Selectable reference/comparison frequency output
Selectable charge pump current
Four selectable I
2
C bus address
5–level ADC
Pin compatible with the SP5658 3–wire bus
controlled synthesiser and SP5659 I2C bus synthesiser and SP5659 I2C bus synthesiser ESD protection; (Normal ESD handling procedures should be observed)
Applications
Complete 2.7GHz single chip system
Optimised for low phase noise
SP5669
2.7GHz I2C Bus Controlled Synthesiser
Preliminary Information
DS4852 - Issue 2.1 May 1999
Description
The SP5669 is a single chip frequency synthesiser designed for tuning systems up to 2.7GHz and offers step size compatible with DTT offset requirements.
The RF preamplifier drives a divide by two prescaler which can be disabled for applications up to 2GHz, allowing direct interfacing with the programmable divider so enabling a step size equal to the comparison frequency. For applications up to 2.7GHz the divide by two is enabled, giving a step size of twice the comparison frequency.
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2
SP5669
Figure. 1 Pin connections - top view
1161
MP16
CHARGE PUMP
CRYSTAL
REF/COMP
ADDRESS
SDA
SCL PORT P3 PORT P2
DRIVE Vee
RF INPUT RF INPUT Vcc ADC PORT P0 PORT P1
2 3 4 5 6 7 89
10
11
12
13
14
15
RF
1 BIT
17 BIT LA
TCH
4 BIT
LA
TCH
AND
PORT
INTERFACE
I
TRANSCEIVER
CRYSTAL
PUMP
DRIVE
ADDRESS
ADC
SDA SCL
PORT P3 PORT P2
INPUTS
13
14
4 5 6
11
PROGRAMMABLE
DIVIDER
PUMP
REFERENCE
DIVIDER
PHASE
COMP
2 BIT
OSC 2
1
16
V
EE
15
12
V
CC
987
2/1
13 BIT
COUNT
4 BIT
COUNT
4 BIT
10
PORT P1 PORT P0
16/17
C1, C0
3
REF/COMP
3 BIT
ADC
PE
5 BIT LA
TCH and
MODE CONTROL
LOGIC
(see Fig. 5)
CHARGE
LATCHLATCH
LOCK
DETECT
LATCH
DIVIDE RA
TIO
PRE AMP
F
L
FPD/2
P0 TEST
CONTROL
POWER ON
DETECT
POR
DISABLE
MODE
CONTROL
C
2
CHARGE
(see Fig. 3)
F
comp
F
ref
F
pd
Figure. 2 Block diagram
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3
SP5669
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
T amb = –20°C to +80°C, V
CC
= +4.5V to +5.5V. Reference frequency = 4MHz. These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design. They apply within the specified ambient temperature and supply voltage ranges unless otherwise stated.
Characteristics Pin Value Units Conditions
Min Typ Max
Supply current, I
CC
12 68 85 mA V CC = 5V prescaler enabled, PE = 1 58 73 mAV
CC
= 5V prescaler disabled, PE = 0
RF input voltage 13, 14 40 300 mV rms 300MHz to 2.7GHz Prescaled
enabled, PE = 1, See Fig. 7b.
13, 14100 300 mV rms 80MHz Prescaler enabled,
PE=1, See Fig. 7b.
13,14 50 300 mV rms 80MHz to 2.0GHz Prescaler
disabled, PE = 0, See Fig. 7a. RF input impedance 13, 14 50 Refer to Fig. 13 RF input capacitance 13, 14 2 pF Refer to Fig. 13 SDA, SCL 5, 6
Input High voltage 3 5.5 V Input Low voltage 0 1.5 V Input High current 10 µA Input voltage = V
CC
Input Low Current –10 µA Input voltage = V
EE
LeakageCurrent 10 µAV
CC
= V
EE
Input hysteresis 0.8 V SDA Output voltage 5 0.4 V I sink = 3mA Charge pump output 1 See Fig. 6, V pin = 2V current Charge pump output 1 ± 3 ± 10 nA V pin1 = 2V leakage Charge pump drive output current 16 1 mAV pin16 = 0.7V Drive output saturation voltage when disabled 16 350 mV External reference input frequency 2 2 20 MHzAC coupled sinewave External reference input ampltude 2 200 500 mV p–pAC coupled sinewave Crystal frequency 2 4 16 MHz Crystal oscillator drive 2 35 mV p–p level Recommended crystal series resistance 10 200 Applies to 4MHz crystal only.
‘Parallel resonant’ crystal. Figure quoted is under all conditions
including start up. Crystal oscillator negative resistance 2 400 Includes temperature and
process tolerances. REF/COMP output 3 Voltage 350 mV p–p AC coupled output. Output
enabled,RE=1. See Note 1.
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SP5669
Electrical Chacteristics (cont.)
T amb = –20°C to 80 °C, V CC =+ 4.5V to + 5.5V. Reference frequency = 4MHz. These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design. They apply within the specified ambient temperature and supply voltage ranges unless otherwise stated.
Characteristics Pin Value Units Conditions
Min Typ Max
Comparison frequency 2 MHz Equivalent phase noise at phase detector –148 dBC/Hz 6kHz loop BW, phase comparator
freq 250kHz. Figure measured @ 1kHz offset, SSB (within loop band width).
RF division ratio 240 131071 Prescaler disabled, PE = 0
480 262142 Prescaler enabled, PE = 1 Reference division ratio See Fig. 3 Output ports P0, P1, P2, P3 7,8,9,
10 Sink current 10 mA V port = 0.7V Leakage current 10 µA V port = 13.2V
ADC input voltage 11 See Table 4, Fig 4 ADC input current 11 ±10 µAV
CC
V input V
EE
Address input current High 4 1 mA Input voltage =V
CC
Address input current Low 4 –0.5 mA Input voltage =V
EE
Note 1: If the REF/COMP output is not used, the output should be left open circuit or connected to V CC , and disabled by setting RE=0.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
All voltages are referred to VEE at 0V.
Characteristics Pin Value Units Conditions
Min Max
Supply Voltage, V
CC
12 0.3 7 V RF input voltage 13,14 2.5 V p–p AC coupled as per application RF input DC offset 13,14 –0.3 V CC +0.3 V Port voltage 7–10 –0.3 14 V Port in off state
7–10 –0.3 6 V Port in on state Total port current 7–10 50 mA ADC input DC offset 11 –0.3 V CC +0.3 V REF/COMP output DC offset 3 –0.3 V
CC
+0.3 V
Charge pump DC offset 1 –0.3 V
CC
+0.3 V
Drive DC offset 16 –0.3 V
CC
+0.3 V
Crystal oscillator DC offset 2 –0.3 V
CC
+0.3 V
Address DC offset 4 –0.3 V
CC
+0.3 V SDA and SCL DC offset 5, 6 –0.3 6V V Storage temperature –55 +150 °C Junction temperature +150 °C MP16 thermal resistance chip to ambient 111 °C/W chip to case 41 °C/W Power consumption at V CC =5.5V 468 mW All ports off, prescaler enabled ESD protection All 4 kV Mil Std 883 TM 3015
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SP5669
Functional Description
The SP5669 contains all the elements necessary, with the exception of a frequency reference, loop filter and external high voltage transistor, to control a varicap tuned local oscillator, so forming a complete PLL frequency synthesised source. The device allows for operation with a high comparison frequency and is fabricated in high speed logic, which enables the generation of a loop with good phase noise performance. The block diagram is shown in Fig. 2.
The RF input signal is fed to an internal preamplifier, which provides gain and reverse isolation from the divider signals. The output of the preamplifier interfaces with the 17–bit fully programmable divider via a divide–by–two prescaler. For applications up to 2GHz RF input, the prescaler may be disabled so eliminating the degradation in phase noise due to prescaler action. The divider is of MN+A architecture, where the dual modulus prescaler is 16/17, the A counter is 4–bits, and the M counter is 13–bits.
The output of the programmable divider is fed to the phase comparator where it is compared in both phase and frequency domain with the comparison frequency. This frequency is derived either from the on–board crystal controlled oscillator or from an external reference source. In both cases the reference frequency is divided down to the comparison frequency by the reference divider which is programmable into 1 of 15 ratios as detailed in Fig. 3.
The output of the phase detector feeds a charge pump and loop amplifier section, which when used with an external voltage transistor and loop filter, integrates the current pulses into the varactor line voltage. By invoking the device test modes as described in Fig. 5, the varactor drive output can be disabled so switching the external transistor ’off’ and allowing an external voltage to be written to the varactor line for tuner alignment purposes. Similarly, the charge pump may be also disabled to a high impedance state.
The programmable divider output Fpd/2 can be switched to port P0 by programming the device into test mode. The test modes are described in Fig. 5 high
Programming
The SP5669 is controlled by an I 2 C data bus. Data and Clock are fed in on the SDA and SCL lines respectively as defined by I2C bus format. The synthesiser can either accept data (write mode) or send data (read mode). The LSB of the address byte (R/W) sets the device into write mode if it is low, and read mode if it is high. Tables 1 and 2 in Fig. 4 illustrate the format of the data. The device can be programmed to respond to several addresses, which enables the use of more than one synthesiser in an I2C bus system. Table 3 in Fig.4 shows how the address is selected by applying a voltage to the ’address’ input. When the device receives a valid address byte, it pulls the SDA line low during the acknowledge period, and during following acknowledge periods after further data bytes are received. When the device is programmed into read mode, the controller accepting the data must pull the SDA line low during all status byte acknowledge periods to read another status byte. If the controller fails to pull the SDA line low during this period, the device generates an internal STOP condition, which inhibits further reading.
Write Mode
With reference to Table 1, bytes 2 and 3 contain frequency information bits 2 14 –2 0 inclusive. Auxillary frequency bits 2 16 –2 15 are in byte 4. For most frequencies only bytes 2 and 3 will be required. The remainder of byte 4 and byte 5 control the prescaler enable, reference divider ratio (see Fig. 3), charge pump, REF/COMP output (see Fig. 5), output ports and test modes (see Fig. 5).
After reception and acknowledgement of a correct address (byte 1), the first bit of the following byte determines whether the byte is interpreted as a byte 2 or 4, a logic ’0’ indicating byte 2 and a logic ’1’ indicating byte 4. Having interpreted this byte as either byte 2 or 4 the following data byte will be interpreted as byte 3 or 5 respectively. Having received two complete data bytes, additional data bytes can be entered, where byte interpretation follows the same procedure, without readdressing the device. This procedure continues until a STOP condition is received. The STOP condition can be generated after any data byte, if however it occurs during a byte transmission, the previous data is retained.
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SP5669
To facilitate smooth fine tuning, the frequency data bytes are only accepted by the device after all 17 bits of frequency data have been received, or after the generation of a STOP condition. Repeatedly sending bytes 2 and 3 only will not change the frequency. A frequency change occurs when one of the following data sequences is sent to an addressed device;
Additional Programmable Features
Prescaler enable
The divide by two prescaler is enabled by setting bit PE within byte 4 to a logic ’1’. A logic ’0’ disables the prescaler, directly passing the RF input frequency to the 17–bit programmable counter. Bit PE is a static select only.
Charge pump current
The charge pump current can be programmed by bits C1 and C0 within data byte 5, as defined in Fig. 6.
Test mode
The test modes are invoked by setting bits RE=0 and RTS=1 within the programming data, and are selected by bits TS2, TS1 and TS0 as shown in Fig. 5. When TS2, TS1 and TS0 are received, the device retains previously received P2, P1 and P0 data.
Reference/Comparison frequency output
The reference frequency F ref can be switched to the REF/COMP output, pin 3, by setting bit RE=1 and RTS=0 within byte 5. The comparison frequency F comp can be switched to the REF/COMP output, pin 3, by setting bit RE=1 and RTS=1 within byte 5. For RE set to logic ’0’, the output is disabled and set to a high state. RE and RTS default to logic ’1’ during device power up, thus enabling the comparison frequency F comp at the REF/COMP output.
Bytes 2, 3, 4, 5 Bytes 4, 5, 2, 3
or when a STOP condition follows valid data bytes as follows;
Bytes 2, 3, 4, STOP Bytes 4, 5, 2 STOP Bytes 2, 3, STOP Bytes 2, STOP Bytes 4, STOP
It should be noted that the device must be initially addressed with both frequency AND control byte data, since the control byte contains reference divider information which must be provided before a chosen frequency can be synthesised. This implies that after initial turn on, bytes 2, 3, 4 must be sent followed by a STOP condition as a minimum requirement. Alternatively bytes 2, 3, 4, 5 must be sent if port information is also required.
Read Mode
When the device is in read mode, the status byte read fromthe device takes the form shown in Table 2, Fig. 4.
Bit 1 (POR) is the power–on reset indicator, and this is set to a logic ’1’ if the VCC supply to the device has dropped below 3V (at 25°C), e.g. when the device is initially turned ON. The POR is reset to ’0’ when the read sequence is terminated by a STOP command. When POR is set high (at low VCC), the programmed information is lost and the output ports are all set to high impedance.
Bit 2 (FL) indicates whether the device is phase locked, a logic ’1’ is present if the device is locked, and a logic ’0’ if the device is unlocked.
Bits 6,7 and 8 (A2, A1, A0) combine to give the output of the ADC. The ADC can be used to feed AFC information to the microprocessor via the I 2 C bus.
Comparison
frequency with a
R3 R2 R1 R0 Ratio 4MHz external
reference 0 0 0 0 2 2MHz 0001 4 1MHz 0 0 1 0 8 500kHz 0011 16 250kHz 0100 32 125kHz 0101 64 62.5kHz 0100128 31.25kHz 0111 256 15.625kHz 1 0 0 0 Not -
Allowed 1001 6 666.67kHz 1010 12 333.33kHz 1011 24 166.67kHz 1100 48 83.33kHz 1101 96 41.67kHz 1110192 20.83kHz 1111 384 10.42kHz
Figure. 3 Reference division ratios
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SP5669
MSB LSB
ADDRESS 1 1 0 0 0 MA1 MA0 1 A Byte 1 STATUS BYTE POR FL X X X A2 A1 A0 A Byte 2
Table 2 Read data format (MSB is transmitted first)
A : Acknowledge bit MA1, MA0 : Variable address bits (see Table 3) 2 16 –2 0 : Programmable division ratio control bits PE : Prescaler enable R3,R2,R1,R0 : Reference division ratio select (see Fig. 3) C1, C0 : Charge pump current select (see Fig.6) RE : Reference oscillator output enable RTS : REF/COMP output select when RE=1 (see Fig.5) RTS : Test mode enable when RE=0 (see Fig.5) TS2, TS1, TS0 : Test mode control bits (valid when RE=0, RTS=1, see Fig. 5) P0 : P0 port output state (always valid except when RE=0, RTS=1) P3, P2, P1 : P3, P2 and P1 port output states POR : Power On Reset indicator FL : Phase Lock Flag A2, A1, A0 : ADC data (see Table 4) X : Don’t care
MA1 MA0 Address input voltage level
0 0 0 – 0.1V
CC
0 1 Open circuit 1 0 0.4V CC – 0.6VCC # 1 1 0.9V CC – V
CC
# Programmed by connecting a 15k resistor
between pin 4 and V
CC
Table 3 Address selection
A2 A1 A0 Voltage on ADC input
1 0 0 0.6V
CC
toV
CC
0 1 1 0.45V CC to 0.6V
CC
0 1 0 0.3V CC to 0.45V
CC
0 0 1 0.15V CC to 0.3V
CC
0 0 0 0 to 0.15V
CC
Table 4 ADC levels
MSB LSB
ADDRESS 1 1 0 0 0 MA1 MA0 0 A Byte 1 PROGRAMMABLE
DIVIDER 0 2
14
2
13
2
12
2
11
2
10
2
9
2
8
A Byte 2
PROGRAMMABLE DIVIDER 2
7
2
6
2
5
2
4
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
0
A Byte 3
CONTROL DATA 1 2
16
2
15
PE R3 R2 R1 R0 A Byte 4
CONTROL DATA C1 C0 RE RTS P3 P2/TS2 P1/TS1 P0/TS0 A Byte 5
Table 1 Write data format (MSB is transmitted first)
Figure. 4 Data formats
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SP5669
RE RTS TS2 TS1 TS0 REF/COMP OUTPUT Test mode description
MODE
0 0 X X X Disabled to high state Normal operation 0 1 X 0 0 Disabled to high state Charge pump sink.
Status byte FL = logic ‘1’
0 1 X 0 1 Disabled to high state Charge pump source.
Status byte FL = logic ‘0’
0 1 X 1 0 Disabled to high state Charge pump disabled.
Status byte FL=logic ‘0’ 0 1 X 1 1 Disabled to high state Port P0 = F pd /2 0 1 1 X X Disabled to high state Varactor Drive Output
disabled
1 0XXX F
ref
switched Normal operation
1 1XXX F
comp
switched Normal operation
X=don’t care
Figure. 5 REF/COMP output mode and Test modes
C1 C0 Current in µA
byte 5, bit 1 byte 5, bit 2
min typ max 0 0±90 ±120 ±150 01 ±195 ±260 ±325 1 0±416 ±555 ±694 11±900 ±1200 ±1500
Figure 6. Charge pump current
300
100
50
10
1000 2000
3000
FREQUENCY
(MHz)
3500
OPERATING
WINDOW
1000 2000
2700
3000
FREQUENCY
(MHz)
3500300
OPERATING
WINDOW
300
100
50
10
VIN
(mV RMS
INT
O 50
)
VIN
(mV RMS
INT
O 50
)
100
8080
Figure. 7a Typical input sensitivity
(prescaler disabled, PE=0)
Figure. 7b Typical input sensitivity
(prescaler enabled, PE=1)
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SP5669
Double Conversion Tuner Systems
The high 2.7GHz maximum operating frequency and excellent noise characteristics of the SP5669 enables the construction of double conversion high IF tuners.
A typical system shown in Fig.8 will use the SP5669 as the first LO control for full band upconversion to an IF of greater than 1GHz.
The wide range of reference division ratios allows the SP5669 to be used both for the up converter LO with a high phase comparator frequency (hence low phase noise) and the down converter which utilises the device in a lower comparison frequency mode (which offers a fine step size).
50–900MHz
1.6GHz
38.9MHz
1650–2700MHz
SP5659 SP5659
First LO
Second LO
Reference Clock
Figure. 8 Example of double conversion from VHF/UHF frequencies to TV IF
CONTROL
MICRO
15nF
68pF
+30V
+5V
22k
16k 47k
+12V
2n2BCW31
1n 1n
10n
P3
TUNER
OSCILLATOR
OUTPUT
SP5659
13k3
P0
SCL
SDA
ADDRESS
REF
10n
18pF4MHz
Optional application utilising on–board crystal controlled oscillator
2 3 4 5 6 7
13 12 11 10
89
116116
14
15
P2 P1
ADC
Figure. 9 Typical appliction
Application Notes
A generic set of application notes AN168 for designing with synthesisers such as the SP5659 has been written. This covers aspects such as loop filter design and decoupling. This application note is also featured in the Media Data Book, or refer to the Mitel Semicondor Internet Site http://www.gpsemi.com.
A generic test/demo board has been produced which can be used for the SP5669. A circuit diagram and list of components for the board is shown in Figs. 10 and 11.
The board can be used for the following purposes:
(A) Measuring RF sensitivity performance. (B) Indicating port function. (C) Synthesising a voltage controlled oscillator. (D) Testing of external reference
SP5669
SP5669
SP5669
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10
SP5669
EXTERNAL
REFERENCE
SKT2
10nF*
*(NOT FITTED)
C6
C2 15nF
R6 13K3
C3
68pF
+5V
P2
+12V
C8
C9 C7/C8/C9 = 100nF
R7 22K
C7
R8
16K
R9
47K
C12 2n2F
VAR GND
T1
2N3904
13
12
11 10
98
2
3
4
5
6
7
C5 1nF
C4
1nF
SKT1
RF INPUT
C10 1nF
R5 4K7
D5D4D3D2D1
R4 4K7
R3 4K7
R2 4K7
R1 4K7
C11 1nF
C1
18pF
X1 4MHz
P1
C13
100pF
C14 100pF
DISABLE / REF ENABLE DATA
/ SDA
CLOCK / SCL
+30V
LOCK
11
14
15
16
NOTE : The circuit diagram shown is designed for use with a number of synthesisers. The LED connected to pin 1
1 is redundant when
a SP5659 is used in this board.
Figure. 10 Test board
Figure. 11 Test board (layout)
SP5669
.
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SP5669
Loop Bandwidth
The majority of applications for which the SP5669 is intended require a loop filter bandwidth of between 2kHz and10kHz.
Typically the VCO phase noise will be specified at both 1kHz and10kHz offset. It is common practice to arrange the loop filter bandwidth such that the 1kHz figure lies within the loop bandwidth. Thus the phase noise de­pends on the synthesiser comparator noise floor, rather than the VCO.
The 10kHz offset figure should depend on the VCO providing the loop is designed correctly, and is not underdamped.
Reference Source
The SP5669 offers optimal LO phase noise perform­ance when operated with a large step size. This is due to the fact that the LO phase noise within the loop bandwidth is:
phase comparator LO frequency noise floor + 20 log
10
phase comparator frequency
Assuming the phase comparator noise floor is flat irrespective of sampling frequency, this means that the best performance will be achieved when the overall LO to phase comparator division ratio is a minimum.
There are two ways of achieving a higher phase compa­rator sampling frequency:–
A) Reduce the division ratio between the reference
source and the phase comparator B) use a higher reference source frequency. Approach B) may be preferred for best performance
since it is possible that the noise floor of the reference oscillator may degrade the phase comparator perform­ance if the reference division ratio is very small.
Driving Two Devicesfrom A Common Reference
As mentioned earlier in the Datasheet, the SP5669 has a REF/COMP output which allows two synthesisers to be driven from a common reference. To do this, the ‘‘Master” should be programmed by setting RE = 1 and RTS = 0. The driven device should be programmed for normal operation i.e. RE = 0, and RTS = 0. The two devices should be connected as shown below.
( )
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12
SP5669
4MHz
18pF 1nF
SP5659
2 3 4 5 6 7
13 12 11 10
89
14
15
116116
SP5659
2 3 4 5 6 7
13 12
11
10
89
14
15
116116
Fig. 12 Driving two devices from a common reference
SP5669
SP5669
0.50.2 10
+j0.2
+j0.5
+j1
+j2
+j5
2 5
–j5
–j2
–j1
–j0.5
–j0.2
FREQUENCY
MARKERS AT 100MHz,
S11:Z0 = 50
X
X
X
X
NORMALISED
T
O 50
500MHz, 1GHz
AND 2.7GHz
Figure. 13 typical RF input impedance
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SP5669
V
REF
500 500
RF INPUTS
V
CC
CHARGE
PUMP
DRIVE
OUTPUT
PORT
CRYSTAL
RF
inputs
Loop amplifier
SDA and SCL and ADC
Reference oscillator
Output Ports
100
OS
(Output disable)
V
CC
200
V
CC
3k
SCL/SDA/ADC
ACK
SDA
ONL
Y
V
CC
30k
3k
10K
ADDRESS
Address input
REF/COMP output
V
CC
REF/COMP
enable/ disable
Figure. 14 Input/Output interface circuits
Page 14
Page 15
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