Compaq DL590 - HP ProLiant - 1 GB RAM, ProLiant DL590/64 Technology Brief
July 2002
Compaq Computer
Corporation
ISS Technology
Communications
ONTENTS
C
64-Bit Computing
Overview ............................. 3
Maximum Performance
and Innovative
Technology ......................... 4
ProLiant DL590/64 Server
Architecture ...............................4
System Board Design .................7
Distributed Power System...........8
Cooling......................................9
Maximum Uptime............... 11
PCI Hot Plug Technology.......... 11
Redundant Network Interface
Controller Technology ..............11
Redundant Power System......... 12
Redundant Hot-Plug Fans......... 13
Hot-Plug Hard Disk Drives ........13
Integrated Smart Array
Controller ................................14
Rapid Deployment and
Maintenance...................... 15
Modularity and Serviceability .... 15
Manageability ..........................16
Commitment to IndustryStandard 64-Bit
Computing ........................ 18
Conclusion........................ 19
TC020702TB
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ECHNOLOGY
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ProLiant DL590/64 Server Technology
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The computer industry has entered the next stage of a multi-year transition that is
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bringing the benefits of 64-bit computing to industry-standard architectures.
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Industry-standard 64-bit solutions, based on Intel Itanium processors will establish a
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solid foundation to deliver the performance, innovation, and price essential to businesses
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for many years to come.
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Compaq has incomparable advantages in leading this technology shift. In addition to a
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5-year investment in 64-bit industry-standard server technology, Compaq has a
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multi-year technology and marketing agreement with Intel to accelerate the availability of
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next-generation enterprise servers based on the Intel Itanium processor family. Microsoft
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and Compaq have continued a two-decade-long partnership to deliver one of the most
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stable and reliable industry-standard computing platforms in the market by working hand
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in hand to develop the Windows 64-bit server family. Aside from the tight integration
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work with Intel and Microsoft, Compaq has been collaborating with independent software
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vendors (ISVs) and early adopter companies to port 32-bit applications or develop 64-bit
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applications on the new ProLiant platform.
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The ProLiant DL590/64 server represents the official entry from Compaq into the world
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of high-performance industry-standard 64-bit computing. With this introduction of the
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Itanium-based server, Compaq strengthens its enterprise product portfolio by delivering
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an industry-standard platform with enterprise-class performance.
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This technology brief gives an overview of 64-bit computing. It explains the technologies
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implemented in the ProLiant DL590/64 server and describes development efforts Compaq
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has taken to ensure that reliable and stable 64-bit solutions are available.
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Please direct comments regarding this communication to the ISS Technology Communications Group at this Internet
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address: TechCom@hp.com
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1
B
RIEF
TC020702TB
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ECHNOLOGY BRIEF (cont.)
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N
OTICE
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Compaq shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained
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herein. The information is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind and is
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subject to change without notice. The warranties for Compaq products are set
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forth in the express limited warranty statements accompanying such products.
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Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty.
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Compaq, the Compaq logo, Compaq Insight Manager, ProLiant, ROMPaq, SmartStart, and
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NetFlex are trademarks of Compaq Information Technologies Group, L.P. in the U.S. and/or other
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countries.
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Microsoft and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and/or other
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countries.
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Intel, Intel Xeon, Itanium, Pentium, Pentium II Xeon, Pentium III Xeon, and Pentium 4 are
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trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries.
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UNIX is a trademark of The Open Group in the U.S. and/or other countries.
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All other product names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies.
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2002 Compaq Information Technologies Group, L.P.
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Compaq Computer Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary of Hewlett-Packard Company.
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ProLiant DL590/64 Server Technology
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First Edition (July 2002)
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Document Number TC020702TB
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TC020702TB
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ECHNOLOGY BRIEF (cont.)
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64-B
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At its simplest level, 64-bit processing means the registers and execution units within the processor
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can access addresses and manipulate data that are 64 bits wide. Although 32-bit microprocessor
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architecture has 64-bit data paths, its internal registers and execution units only access addresses
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and manipulate data that are 32 bits wide. True 64-bit computing requires not only the 64-bit
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characteristics of the processor, but also a 64-bit operating system (OS). The characteristics of a
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64-bit computing environment include very large files and file systems, large amounts of system
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and virtual memory, and a large memory addressing space.
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For most enterprise applications, the greatest immediate impact of 64-bit computing is the ability
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to address a significantly larger pool of system memory—as much as 64-gigabytes (GB) with the
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first 64-bit processor and chipset from Intel and, theoretically, more than 700 terabytes with
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subsequent processors on the Intel roadmap. Addressing larger system memory pools will allow
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applications to run faster while handling larger data sets. Early 32-bit Intel Architecture (IA-32)
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processors could directly address only 4 GB of system memory; more recent IA-32 processors can
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directly address up to 16 GB of system memory. Initial implementations of 64-bit Intel
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Architectures (IA-64) will allow direct, high-speed access to 64 GB of system memory. The large
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64-bit address space allows 4 billion times as many memory addresses as 32-bit systems, resulting
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in a theoretical physical memory limit into the exabytes.
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As memory density increases and relative cost of memory decreases, it becomes feasible to
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implement system memory in the hundreds of GB, enabling significant performance improvements
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for large, memory-intensive enterprise applications. The benefits of larger system memory pools
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include:
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• Faster access to huge amounts of data in memory—a significant advantage for customers who
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• Increased capacity for more users
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• Greater application performance due to less page swapping and fewer page faults
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• Easier communication between programs to share code and data
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• Better manipulation of huge data sets
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• Solutions for larger and more complex requirements
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Customers with power-hungry applications such as decision support, database management, data
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mining, data warehousing, and e-commerce will see significant performance improvements
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through the adoption of 64-bit solutions.
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Applications requiring higher floating point capabilities, such as number crunching, analytics,
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rendering, and high-performance technical computing (HPTC) will also see performance
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advantages over 32-bit systems. As compilers mature, many software vendors and HPTC
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companies will be investigating IA-64 systems as an alternative to UNIX platforms.
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Where the benefits of IA-64 can be recognized, many software vendors and companies with
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custom code are using IA-64 systems as a development platform for porting their code. Since any
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code that is ported on IA-64 systems can easily be migrated to the follow-on platform based on the
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next-generation 64-bit processor, it makes sense that these companies start early to increase their
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competitiveness in the market.
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3
IT COMPUTING OVERVIEW
use large databases
ECC – Error Checking
and Correcting
SDRAM – Synchronous
Dynamic Random Access
Memory
PCI – Peripheral
Component Interconnect
TC020702TB
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ECHNOLOGY BRIEF (cont.)
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AXIMUM PERFORMANCE AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY
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The ProLiant DL590/64 server incorporates the new four-way Intel Itanium-based processors and
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larger ECC SDRAM configurations to deliver the maximum performance and availability required
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for Itanium-based applications in four-processor compute environments. Innovative ProLiant
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technology adds reliability, features such as redundant power distribution, and efficient system
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board and cooling designs.
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ProLiant DL590/64 Server Architecture
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The ProLiant DL590/64 server is Compaq’s first Itanium-based product. The architecture
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(Figure 1) uses the Intel 82460GX chipset. The chipset includes a 133-megahertz (MHz)
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front-side bus that uses both edges of the clock cycle to produce 266 megatransfers per second and
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supports dual memory boards and up to four Intel Itanium processors. The ProLiant DL590/64
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server architecture also includes support for up to 64 GB of industry-standard 100-MHz SDRAM
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and up to four PCI bridges with a total of 11 slots.
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Processors
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The ProLiant DL590/64 server includes support for up to four 733-MHz or 800-MHz
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Itanium-based processors. The 733-MHz processors support a 2-megabyte (MB) Level 3
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cache, while the 800-MHz processors support a 4-MB Level 3 cache.
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The IA-64 architecture enables greater parallelism than traditional architectures by combining
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static and dynamic scheduling, using speculative execution, and predicting code branches better
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than traditional architectures. To realize the performance improvements of this greater parallelism,
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the Itanium processor has additional hardware resources: 128 general-purpose integer registers,
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128 floating point registers, 64 predicate registers, and many execution units with parallel
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instruction dispatch (which allows executing multiple instructions in parallel).
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Figure 1: Diagram of ProLiant DL590/64 server architecture.
TC020702TB
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ECHNOLOGY BRIEF (cont.)
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In addition, the floating point performance of Itanium processors is significantly better than that of
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today’s IA-32 processors. The Itanium processor has two extended-precision and two
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single-precision floating point units, capable of executing up to four extended-precision or eight
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single-precision floating point operations per clock cycle.
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The Itanium processor uses a high-performance architecture, Explicitly Parallel Instruction
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Computing (EPIC), which is based on very long instruction word (VLIW) systems. This
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architecture achieves a new level of parallelism. New parallel-processing features include:
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• Hardware support for multiple parallel data streams
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• Fewer memory latencies than traditional architectures
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• Better anticipation of instruction streams that can be made parallel
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• Support of more parallel streams
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• A third level of caching
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• Making data parallel before it enters the microprocessor
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Because the Itanium processor has the resources to support more registers, functional units, logic,
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instructions, cache, and data, it delivers increased processing power. It also links the program
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compilers more closely to the processor for more efficient execution of parallel instructions and
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optimized application performance. Current IA-32 processors, on the other hand, exclusively use
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hardware within the processor to decide which instructions can be executed simultaneously. The
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Itanium processor uses a new instruction set designed for optimal performance with the EPIC
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architecture.
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The Itanium processor is also capable of executing IA-32 (x86) instructions, so it accommodates
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the transition from IA-32 environments to IA-64 environments. While running an IA-32
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application, the processor is switched to an IA-32 mode. When the user returns to the 64-bit OS or
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launches an IA-64 application, the processor is switched back to IA-64 mode. For IA-32
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applications running under a 64-bit OS that supports IA-32 applications and drivers, the OS
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manages the processor mode switching. While some 32-bit software is compatible with the
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Itanium processor, applications achieve higher performance when they are ported to 64-bit
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versions.
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Itanium processors are installed in sockets on the motherboard. A new physical form factor
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(Figure 2) provides four times the bandwidth of the 330-contact slot connector design used in
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Pentium II Xeon and Pentium III Xeon processors.
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Figure 2: The Itanium processor uses a new physical form factor.
TC020702TB
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ECHNOLOGY BRIEF (cont.)
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Memory
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The ProLiant DL590/64 server supports up to 64 GB of industry-standard 100-MHz ECC
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SDRAM. Two memory boards provide 32 dual inline memory module (DIMM) sockets each to
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accommodate a total of 64 DIMMs (see Figure 3). One memory board attaches to the top of the
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processor board, and one memory board attaches to the bottom.
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Figure 3: Each memory board in the ProLiant DL590/64 server supports up to 32 DIMMs.
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Advanced ECC memory technology with single-bit error correction and double-bit and nibble
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error detection technology is integral to the Intel 82460GX chipset. Advanced ECC memory
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improves data integrity of servers and significantly reduces the probability of fatal memory errors.
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With fewer memory errors, overall availability of the server improves.
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The ProLiant DL590/64 server comes standard with 1 GB (733-MHz model) or 4 GB (800-MHz
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model) of memory. The 733-MHz model comes with one memory board supporting 32 DIMM
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sockets; the 800-MHz model comes with two memory boards supporting up to 64 GB of memory
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using 1-GB DIMMs. The 733-MHz model may be upgraded with an additional, optional memory
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board. Memory is expandable, four DIMMs at a time, to a maximum total of 64 GB.
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Compaq strongly recommends using DIMMs supplied by Compaq because of the rigorous testing
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they undergo in ProLiant systems. However, the ProLiant DL590/64 supports industry-standard
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168-pin PC100 CL2 ECC Registered DIMMs with some restrictions
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not adhere to these restrictions may result in error messages and possible loss of data.
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I/O
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Additional performance for the ProLiant DL590/64 server is provided with a powerful 64-bit I/O
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subsystem. The server has eight 64-bit, 66-MHz hot-plug PCI slots and three 64-bit, 33-MHz slots
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(Figure 4). Slots 1, 10, and 11 operate at 5 volts and run at 33 MHz only. Slots 2 through 9
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operate at 3.3 volts and will run at 33 MHz or 66 MHz.
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Check with your authorized Compaq representative for more information on these restrictions
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and correct memory usage.
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Figure 4: The ProLiant DL590/64 implements 64-bit PCI technology.
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