Asus X2024SX User Manual
Management Guide
24-Port Stackable Intelligent Workgroup Switch
I
Management Guide
24-Port Stackable Managed Switch
Contents
1 Chapter: Introduction ....................................................................................................1-1
Key Features.................................................................................................................1-1
Description of Software Features..................................................................................1-2
System Defaults............................................................................................................1-5
2 Chapter: Initial Configuration ........................................................................................2-1
Connecting to the Switch..............................................................................................2-1
Configuration Options............................................................................................2-1
Required Connections ...........................................................................................2-2
Remote Connections .............................................................................................2-3
Basic Configuration.......................................................................................................2-3
Console Connection ..............................................................................................2-3
Setting Passwords.................................................................................................2-4
Setting an IP Address............................................................................................2-4
Enabling SNMP Management Access...................................................................2-6
Saving Configuration Settings................................................................................2-7
3 Chapter : Configuring the Switch ..................................................................................3-1
Using the Web Interface ...............................................................................................3-1
Navigating the Web Browser Interface..........................................................................3-2
Home Page............................................................................................................3-2
Configuration Options............................................................................................3-3
Panel Display.........................................................................................................3-3
Main Menu....................................................................................................................3-4
Basic Configuration.......................................................................................................3-9
Displaying System Information ..............................................................................3-9
Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions..................................................3-10
Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities.............................................................3-12
Setting the Switch’s IP Address...........................................................................3-13
Managing Firmware............................................................................................. 3-15
Saving or Restoring Configuration Settings.........................................................3-18
Console Port Settings..........................................................................................3-20
Telnet Settings.....................................................................................................3-22
Configuring Event Logging...................................................................................3-24
Resetting the System...........................................................................................3-28
Setting the System Clock.....................................................................................3-29
Simple Network Management Protocol.......................................................................3-31
Setting Community Access Strings......................................................................3-31
Specifying Trap Managers and Trap Types.........................................................3-32
User Authentication.....................................................................................................3-34
Configuring User Accounts..................................................................................3-34
Configuring Local/Remote Logon Authentication.................................................3-35
Configuring HTTPS..............................................................................................3-38
Configuring the Secure Shell...............................................................................3-40
Configuring Port Security.....................................................................................3-45
Configuring 802.1x Port Authentication ...............................................................3-47
Filtering Addresses for Management Access.......................................................3-53
Access Control Lists ...................................................................................................3-56
Configuring Access Control Lists.........................................................................3-56
Binding a Port to an Access Control List..............................................................3-61
Port Configuration.......................................................................................................3-63
Displaying Connection Status..............................................................................3-63
Address Table Settings...............................................................................................3-88
iii
Setting Static Addresses......................................................................................3-88
Displaying the Address Table..............................................................................3-89
Changing the Aging Time ....................................................................................3-90
Spanning Tree Algorithm Configuration......................................................................3-92
Displaying Global Settings...................................................................................3-93
Configuring Global Settings.................................................................................3-95
Displaying Interface Settings ...............................................................................3-98
Configuring Interface Settings............................................................................3-101
VLAN Configuration..................................................................................................3-104
IEEE 802.1Q VLANs..........................................................................................3-104
Enabling or Disabling GVRP (Global Setting)....................................................3-107
Displaying Basic VLAN Information...................................................................3-107
Displaying Current VLANs.................................................................................3-108
Creating VLANs.................................................................................................3-110
Adding Static Members to VLANs (VLAN Index)............................................... 3-111
Adding Static Members to VLANs (Port Index)..................................................3-113
Configuring VLAN Behavior for Interfaces.........................................................3-113
Private VLANs ...................................................................................................3-116
Displaying Current Private VLANs.....................................................................3-116
Configuring Private VLANs................................................................................3-117
Associating Community VLANs.........................................................................3-118
Displaying Private VLAN Interface Information.................................................. 3-119
Configuring Private VLAN Interfaces .................................................................3-120
Class of Service Configuration ..................................................................................3-122
Layer 2 Queue Settings.....................................................................................3-122
Setting the Default Priority for Interfaces...........................................................3-122
Mapping CoS Values to Egress Queues ...........................................................3-123
Selecting the Queue Mode ................................................................................ 3-125
Setting the Service Weight for Traffic Classes...................................................3-126
Layer 3/4 Priority Settings..................................................................................3-127
Mapping Layer 3/4 Priorities to CoS Values ......................................................3-127
Selecting IP Precedence/DSCP Priority ............................................................3-128
Mapping IP Precedence ....................................................................................3-128
Mapping DSCP Priority......................................................................................3-130
Mapping IP Port Priority.....................................................................................3-132
Mapping CoS Values to ACLs ...........................................................................3-134
Multicast Filtering......................................................................................................3-136
Layer 2 IGMP (Snooping and Query) ................................................................3-136
4 Chapter 4: Command Line Interface.............................................................................4-1
Using the Command Line Interface...............................................................................4-1
Accessing the CLI..................................................................................................4-1
Console Connection ..............................................................................................4-1
Telnet Connection..................................................................................................4-2
Entering Commands.....................................................................................................4-3
Keywords and Arguments......................................................................................4-3
Minimum Abbreviation ...........................................................................................4-3
Command Completion...........................................................................................4-3
Getting Help on Commands...................................................................................4-3
Showing Commands..............................................................................................4-5
Partial Keyword Lookup.........................................................................................4-6
Negating the Effect of Commands.........................................................................4-6
Using Command History........................................................................................4-6
Understanding Command Modes ..........................................................................4-6
iv
Exec Commands ...................................................................................................4-7
Configuration Commands......................................................................................4-7
Command Line Processing....................................................................................4-9
Command Groups.......................................................................................................4-10
Line Commands..........................................................................................................4-11
line.......................................................................................................................4-12
login.....................................................................................................................4-13
password .............................................................................................................4-14
timeout login response.........................................................................................4-14
exec-timeout........................................................................................................4-15
password-thresh..................................................................................................4-16
silent-time ............................................................................................................4-16
databits................................................................................................................4-17
parity....................................................................................................................4-17
speed...................................................................................................................4-18
stopbits ................................................................................................................4-18
disconnect............................................................................................................4-19
show line..............................................................................................................4-19
General Commands....................................................................................................4-21
disable .................................................................................................................4-22
configure..............................................................................................................4-22
show history.........................................................................................................4-23
reload...................................................................................................................4-23
end.......................................................................................................................4-24
exit.......................................................................................................................4-24
quit.......................................................................................................................4-24
System Management Commands...............................................................................4-26
Device Designation Commands...........................................................................4-26
User Access Commands .....................................................................................4-27
IP Filter Commands.............................................................................................4-30
Web Server Commands.......................................................................................4-32
Telnet Server Commands....................................................................................4-35
Secure Shell Commands.....................................................................................4-36
Event Logging Commands...................................................................................4-45
SMTP Alert Commands.......................................................................................4-51
Time Commands .................................................................................................4-55
System Status Commands ..................................................................................4-59
Frame Size Commands.......................................................................................4-66
Flash/File Commands.................................................................................................4-67
Authentication Commands..........................................................................................4-73
Access Control List Commands..................................................................................4-90
IP ACLs................................................................................................................4-91
MAC ACLs...........................................................................................................4-98
ACL Information.................................................................................................4-102
SNMP Commands....................................................................................................4-103
Interface Commands.................................................................................................4-108
interface.............................................................................................................4-108
description .........................................................................................................4-109
speed-duplex.....................................................................................................4-109
negotiation.........................................................................................................4-110
capabilities......................................................................................................... 4-111
flowcontrol..........................................................................................................4-112
shutdown ........................................................................................................... 4-113
v
switchport broadcast packet-rate....................................................................... 4-113
clear counters....................................................................................................4-114
show interfaces status .......................................................................................4-114
show interfaces counters...................................................................................4-116
show interfaces switchport................................................................................. 4-117
Mirror Port Commands..............................................................................................4-119
port monitor........................................................................................................4-119
show port monitor..............................................................................................4-120
Rate Limit Commands ..............................................................................................4-121
rate-limit.............................................................................................................4-121
rate-limit granularity ...........................................................................................4-122
show rate-limit....................................................................................................4-122
Link Aggregation Commands....................................................................................4-123
channel-group....................................................................................................4-124
lacp....................................................................................................................4-125
lacp system-priority............................................................................................4-126
lacp admin-key (Ethernet Interface)...................................................................4-127
lacp admin-key (Port Channel) ..........................................................................4-127
lacp port-priority.................................................................................................4-129
show lacp...........................................................................................................4-129
Address Table Commands .......................................................................................4-135
mac-address-table static....................................................................................4-135
clear mac-address-table dynamic......................................................................4-137
show mac-address-table....................................................................................4-137
mac-address-table aging-time ...........................................................................4-138
show mac-address-table aging-time..................................................................4-138
Spanning Tree Commands.......................................................................................4-139
spanning-tree.....................................................................................................4-139
spanning-tree mode...........................................................................................4-140
spanning-tree forward-time................................................................................4-141
spanning-tree hello-time .................................................................................... 4-141
spanning-tree max-age......................................................................................4-142
spanning-tree priority.........................................................................................4-143
spanning-tree pathcost method .........................................................................4-143
spanning-tree transmission-limit........................................................................4-144
spanning-tree cost.............................................................................................4-144
spanning-tree port-priority..................................................................................4-145
spanning-tree edge-port ....................................................................................4-145
spanning-tree portfast........................................................................................4-147
spanning-tree link-type ......................................................................................4-147
show spanning-tree ...........................................................................................4-149
VLAN Commands.....................................................................................................4-151
Editing VLAN Groups.........................................................................................4-151
Configuring VLAN Interfaces .............................................................................4-153
Displaying VLAN Information.............................................................................4-159
Configuring Private VLANs................................................................................4-160
GVRP and Bridge Extension Commands .................................................................4-165
bridge-ext gvrp...................................................................................................4-165
show bridge-ext .................................................................................................4-166
switchport gvrp...................................................................................................4-166
show gvrp configuration.....................................................................................4-167
garp timer...........................................................................................................4-167
show garp timer.................................................................................................4-168
vi
Priority Commands ...................................................................................................4-169
Priority Commands (Layer 2).............................................................................4-169
Priority Commands (Layer 3 and 4)...................................................................4-175
Multicast Filtering Commands...................................................................................4-182
IGMP Snooping Commands..............................................................................4-182
IGMP Query Commands (Layer 2)....................................................................4-186
Static Multicast Routing Commands.................................................................. 4-189
IP Interface Commands............................................................................................4-191
Basic IP Configuration .......................................................................................4-191
5 Appendix A: Software Specifications ............................................................................5-1
Software Features.........................................................................................................5-1
Management Features..................................................................................................5-2
Standards .....................................................................................................................5-2
Management Information Bases...................................................................................5-3
6 Appendix B: Troubleshooting........................................................................................6-1
Problems Accessing the Management Interface...........................................................6-1
Using System Logs.......................................................................................................6-3
vii
1 Chapter: Introduction
This switch provides a broad range of features for Layer 2 switching. It includes a
management agent that allows you to configure the features listed in this manual.
The default configuration can be used for most of the features provided by this
switch. However, there are many options that you should configure to maximize
the switch’s performance for your particular network environment.
Key Features
1-1
Description of Software Features
The switch provides a wide range of advanced performance enhancing features.
Flow control eliminates the loss of packets due to bottlenecks caused by port
saturation. Broadcast storm suppression prevents broadcast traffic storms from
engulfing the network. Port-based and protocol-based VLANs, plus support for
automatic GVRP VLAN registration provide traffic security and efficient use of
network bandwidth. CoS priority queueing ensures the minimum delay for moving
real-time multimedia data across the network. While multicast filtering provides
support for real-time network applications. Some of the management features are
briefly described below.
Configuration Backup and Restore – You can save the current configuration
settings to a file on a TFTP server, and later download this file to restore the
switch configuration settings.
Authentication – This switch authenticates management access via the console
port, Telnet or web browser. User names and passwords can be configured
locally or can be verified via a remote authentication server (i.e., RADIUS or
TACACS+). Port-based authentication is also supported via the IEEE 802.1x
protocol. This protocol uses the Extensible Authentication Protocol over LANs
(EAPOL) to request user credentials from the 802.1x client, and then verifies the
client’s right to access the network via an authentication server.
Other authentication options include HTTPS for secure management access via
the web, SSH for secure management access over a Telnet-equivalent
connection, IP address filtering for SNMP/web/Telnet management access, and
MAC address filtering for port access.
Access Control Lists – ACLs provide packet filtering for IP frames (based on
address, protocol, TCP/UDP port number or TCP control code) or any frames
(based on MAC address or Ethernet type). ACLs can be used to improve
performance by blocking unnecessary network traffic or to implement security
controls by restricting access to specific network resources or protocols.
Port Configuration – You can manually configure the speed, duplex mode, and
flow control used on specific ports, or use auto-negotiation to detect the
connection settings used by the attached device. Use the full-duplex mode on
ports whenever possible to double the throughput of switch connections. Flow
control should also be enabled to control network traffic during periods of
congestion and prevent the loss of packets when port buffer thresholds are
exceeded. The switch supports flow control based on the IEEE 802.3x standard.
Rate Limiting – This feature controls the maximum rate for traffic transmitted or
received on an interface. Rate limiting is configured on interfaces at the edge of a
1-2
network to limit traffic into or out of the network. Traffic that falls within the rate
limit is transmitted, while packets that exceed the acceptable amount of traffic are
dropped.
Port Mirroring – The switch can unobtrusively mirror traffic from any port to a
monitor port. You can then attach a protocol analyzer or RMON probe to this port
to perform traffic analysis and verify connection integrity.
Port Trunking – Ports can be combined into an aggregate connection. Trunks
can be manually set up or dynamically configured using IEEE 802.3ad Link
Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). The additional ports dramatically increase
the throughput across any connection, and provide redundancy by taking over the
load if a port in the trunk should fail. The switch supports up to 4 trunks.
Broadcast Storm Control – Broadcast suppression prevents broadcast traffic
from overwhelming the network. When enabled on a port, the level of broadcast
traffic passing through the port is restricted. If broadcast traffic rises above a
pre-defined threshold, it will be throttled until the level falls back beneath the
threshold.
Static Addresses – A static address can be assigned to a specific interface on
this switch. Static addresses are bound to the assigned interface and will not be
moved. When a static address is seen on another interface, the address will be
ignored and will not be written to the address table. Static addresses can be used
to provide network security by restricting access for a known host to a specific
port.
IEEE 802.1D Bridge – The switch supports IEEE 802.1D transparent bridging.
The address table facilitates data switching by learning addresses, and then
filtering or forwarding traffic based on this information. The address table supports
up to 8K addresses.
Store-and-Forward Switching – The switch copies each frame into its memory
before forwarding them to another port. This ensures that all frames are a
standard Ethernet size and have been verified for accuracy with the cyclic
redundancy check (CRC). This prevents bad frames from entering the network
and wasting bandwidth.
To avoid dropping frames on congested ports, the switch provides 8 MB for frame
buffering. This buffer can queue packets awaiting transmission on congested
networks.
Spanning Tree Protocol – The switch supports these spanning tree protocols:
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP, IEEE 802.1D) – This protocol adds a level of fault
tolerance by allowing two or more redundant connections to be created between a
pair of LAN segments. When there are multiple physical paths between segments,
1-3
this protocol will choose a single path and disable all others to ensure that only
one route exists between any two stations on the network. This prevents the
creation of network loops. However, if the chosen path should fail for any reason,
an alternate path will be activated to maintain the connection.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP, IEEE 802.1w) – This protocol reduces the
convergence time for network topology changes to about 10% of that required by
the older IEEE 802.1D STP standard. It is intended as a complete replacement for
STP, but can still interoperate with switches running the older standard by
automatically reconfiguring ports to STP-compliant mode if they detect STP
protocol messages from attached devices.
Virtual LANs – The switch supports up to 255 VLANs. A Virtual LAN is a
collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of
their physical location or connection point in the network. The switch supports
tagged VLANs based on the IEEE 802.1Q standard. Members of VLAN groups
can be dynamically learned via GVRP, or ports can be manually assigned to a
specific set of VLANs.
This allows the switch to restrict traffic to the VLAN groups to which a user has
been assigned. By segmenting your network into VLANs, you can:
• Eliminate broadcast storms which severely degrade performance in a flat
network.
• Simplify network management for node changes/moves by remotely configuring
VLAN membership for any port, rather than having to manually change the
network connection.
• Provide data security by restricting all traffic to the originating VLAN.
• Use private VLANs to restrict traffic to pass only between data ports and the
uplink ports, thereby isolating adjacent ports within the same VLAN, and allowing
you to limit the total number of VLANs that need to be configured.
Traffic Prioritization – This switch prioritizes each packet based on the required
level of service, using four priority queues with strict or Weighted Round Robin
Queuing. It uses IEEE 802.1p and 802.1Q tags to prioritize incoming traffic based
on input from the end-station application. These functions can be used to provide
independent priorities for delay-sensitive data and best-effort data.
This switch also supports several common methods of prioritizing layer 3/4 traffic
to meet application requirements. Traffic can be prioritized based on the priority
bits in the IP frame’s Type of Service (ToS) octet. When these services are
enabled, the priorities are mapped to a Class of Service value by the switch, and
the traffic then sent to the corresponding output queue.
Multicast Filtering – Specific multicast traffic can be assigned to its own VLAN to
ensure that it does not interfere with normal network traffic and to guarantee
real-time delivery by setting the required priority level for the designated VLAN.
The switch uses IGMP Snooping and Query to manage multicast group
1-4
registration.
System Defaults
The switch’s system defaults are provided in the configuration file
“Factory_Default_Config.cfg.” To reset the switch defaults, this file should be set
as the startup configuration file (page 3-21).
The following table lists some of the basic system defaults.
1-5
1-6
1-7
1-8
2 Chapter: Initial Configuration
Connecting to th
e Switch
Configuration Options
The switch includes a built-in network management agent. The agent offers a
variety of management options, including SNMP, RMON and a Web-based
interface. A PC may also be connected directly to the switch for configuration and
monitoring via a command
ote: The IP address for this switch is unassigned by default. To change this
N
address, see “Setting an IP Address” on page 2-4.
The switch’s HTTP Web agent allows you to configure switch parameters, monitor
port connections, a
etscape Navigator version 6.2 and higher or Microsoft IE version 5.0 and higher.
N
The switch’s Web management interface can be accessed from any c
ttached to the network.
a
The CLI program can be accessed by a direct connection to the RS-232 serial
console por
The switch’s management agent also supports SNMP
Management Protocol). This SNMP agent permits the switch to b
any system in the network usin
OpenView.
The switch’s Web interface, CLI con
you to perform the following management functions:
• Set user names and passwords for up to 16 users
• Set an IP interface for a management VLAN
• Configure SNMP parameters
• Enable/disable any port
• Set the speed/duplex mode fo
• Configure the bandwidth of any port by limiting input or output rates
• Configure port access
• Filter packets using Access Control Lists(ACLs)
• Configure
• Enable GVRP automatic VLAN registration
t on the switch, or remotely by a Telnet connection over the network.
up to 255 IEEE 802.1Q VLANs
nd display statistics using a standard Web browser such as
line interface (CLI).
omputer
(Simple Network
e managed from
g network management software such as HP
figuration program, and SNMP agent allow
r any port
through IEEE 802.1x security or static address filtering
2-1
• Configure IGMP multicast filtering
• Upload and download system firmware via TFTP
• Upload and download switch configuration files via TFTP
• Configure Spanning Tree pa
rameters
• Configure Class of Service (CoS) priority queuing
• Configure up to 4 static or LACP trunks
• Enable port mirroring
• Set broadcast storm control on any port
• Display system information and statistics
Required Connections
he switch provides an RS-232 serial port that enables a connection to a PC or
T
terminal for monitoring and configuring the switch. A null-mode
rovided with the switch.
p
Attach a VT100-compatible terminal, or a PC running a terminal emulation
program to the switch. You can use the console cable provided with this package,
or use a null-modem cable that complies with the wiring assignments shown in the
Installation Guide.
o connect a terminal to the console port, complete the following steps:
T
1. Connect the console cable to the serial port on a terminal, or a PC running
terminal emulation software, and tighten the ca
ptive retaining screws on the DB-9
connector.
2. Connect the other end of th
3. Make sure the terminal emulat
e cable to the RS-232 serial port on the switch.
ion software is set as follows:
• Select the appropriate serial port (COM port 1 or COM port 2).
• Set the baud rate to 9600bp
• Set the data format to 8 dat
s.
a bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.
• Set flow control to none.
• Set the emulation mode to VT100.
• When using HyperTerminal, select Terminal keys, not Windows keys.
Notes: 1. When using HyperTerminal with Microsoft® Windows® 2000, make
sure that you have Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 or later installed. Windows
2000 Service Pack 2 fixes the problem of arrow keys not functioning in
yperTerminal’s VT10H
0 emulation. See www.microsoft.com for information on
Windows 2000 service packs.
2. Refer to “Line Commands” on page 4-10 for a complete description of console
configuration options.
3. Once you have set up the terminal correctly, the console login screen will be
displayed.
For a description of how to use the CLI, see “Using the Command Line Interface”
m console cable is
2-2
on page 4-1. For a list of all the CLI commands and detailed information on using
the CLI, refer to “Command Groups” on page 4-9.
Remote Connections
Prior to accessing the switc
first configure it with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using a
console connection, DHCP or BOOTP protocol.
The IP address for this switch is unassigned by default. To manually configure this
address or enable dynamic addre
etting an IP Address” on page 2-4.
“S
Note: This
After configuring the switch’s IP parameters, you can access the onboard
configuration program from anywh
configuration program can be accessed
to the network. The switch can also be managed by any computer using a web
browser (Internet Explorer 5.0 or above, or Netscape Na
from a network computer using SNMP network management software.
Note: The onboard program only provides access to basic configuration functions.
To access the
SNMP-based network management software.
switch supports four concurrent Telnet sessions.
full range of SNMP management functions, you must use
h’s onboard agent via a network connection, you must
ss assignment via DHCP or BOOTP, see
ere within the attached network. The onboard
using Telnet from any computer attached
vigator 6.2 or above), or
Basic Configuration
Console Connection
The CLI program provides two different command levels — normal access level
(Normal Exec) and privileged access level (Privileged Exec). The commands
available at the Normal Exec level are a limited subset of those available at the
Privileged Exec level and allow you to only display information and use basic
utilities. To fully configure the switch param
Privileged Exec level.
Access to both CLI levels are controlled by user names and passwords. The
switch has a default user name and password for each level. To log into the CLI at
the Privileged Exec level using the default user name and password, perform
hese steps: t
1. To initiate your console connection, press <Enter>. T
Verification” procedure starts.
eters, you must access the CLI at the
he “User Access
2-3
2. At the Username prompt, enter “admin.”
3. At the Password prompt, also enter “admin.” (The password characters are not
isplayed on the console screen.)
d
4. The session is opened a
you have access at the Privileged
etting Passwords
S
Note: If this is your first time to log into the CLI program, you should define new
passwords for both default user names using the “username” command, rec
them and put them in a safe place.
Passwords can consist of up to 8 alphanumeric characters and are case
sensitive.
To prevent unauthorized access to the switch, set the passwords as follows:
1. Open the console interface with the
access the Privileged Exec level.
2. Type “configure” and press <Enter>.
3. Type “username guest password 0 password,” for the Normal Exec level,
where password is your new password. Press <Enter>.
4. Type “username admin password 0 password,” for the Privileged Exec level,
where password is your new password. Press <Enter>.
Note: ‘0’ specifies the password in plain text, ‘7’ specifies the password in
encrypted form.
nd the CLI displays the “Console#” prompt indicating
Exec level.
ord
default user name and password “admin” to
Setting an IP Address
You must establish IP address information for the switch to obtain management
access throu
Manual — You have to input the information, including IP address and subn
will also need to specify the default gateway router.
Dynamic — The switch sends IP configuration requests to BOOTP or DHCP
address allocation servers on the network.
2-4
gh the network. This can be done in either of the following ways:
switch, yomask. If your management station is not in the same IP subnet as the
et
u
Manual Configuration
You can manually assign an IP address to the switch. You may also need to
specify a default gateway that resides between this device and management
stations that exist on another network segment. Valid IP addresses consist of four
decimal numbers, 0 to 255, separated by periods. A
nything outside this format will
not be accepted by the CLI program.
Note: The IP address for this switch is unassigned by default.
Before you can assign an IP address to the switch, you must obtain the following
information from your network administrator:
IP address for the switch
•
• Default gateway for the network
• Network mask for this network
To assign an IP address to the switch, complete the following steps:
1. From the Privileg
ed Exec level global configuration mode prompt, type
“interface vlan 1” to access the interface-configuration mode. Press <Enter>.
2. Type “ip address ip-address netmask,” where “ip-address” is the switch IP
address and “netmask” is the network mask for the network. Press <Enter>.
3. Type “exit” to return
. To set the IP address of the default gateway for the network to which the switch
4
belongs, type “ip default
to the global configuration mode prompt. Press <Enter>.
-gateway gateway,” where “gateway” is the IP address of
the default gateway. Press <Enter>.
Dynamic Configuration
If you select the “bootp” or “dhcp” option, IP will be enabled but will not function
until a BOOTP or DHCP reply has been rec
p dhcp restart” command to start broadcasting service requests. Requests will
“i
be sent periodically in an effort to obtain IP configuration info
and DHCP values can include the IP address, subnet mask, and
eived. You therefore need to use the
rmation. (BOOTP
default
gateway.)
If the “bootp” or “dhcp” option is
saved to the startup-config file (step 6), then the
switch will start broadcasting service requests as soon as it is powered on.
To automatically configure the switch by communicating with BOOTP or DHCP
address allocation servers on the network, complete the following steps:
1. From the Global Configuration mode prompt, type “interface vlan 1” to access
the interface-configuration mode. Press <Enter>.
2-5
2. At the interface-configuration mode prompt, use one of the following
commands:
To obtain IP settings via DHCP, type “ip address dhcp” and press <Enter>.
•
• To obtain IP settings via BOOTP, type “ip address bootp”
and press <Enter>.
3. Type “end” to return to the Privileged Exec mode. Press <Enter>.
4. Type “ip dhcp restart” to begin broadcasting service requests. Press <Enter>.
5. Wait a few minutes, and then check the IP configuration settings by typing the
“show ip interface” command. P
ress <Enter>.
6. Then save your configuration changes by typing “copy running-config
startup-config.” Enter the startup file name and press <Enter>.
Enabling SNMP Management Access
The switch can be configured to accept management commands from Simple
Network Management Protocol (SNMP) applications such as HP OpenView. You
can configure the switch to (1) respond to SNMP requests or (2) generate SNMP
traps.
When SNMP management stations send requests to the switch (either to return
information or to set a par
the specified parameter. The switch can also be configured to send information to
SNMP managers (without being requested by the managers) through trap
messages, which inform the manager that certain events have occurred.
Community Strings
Community strings are used
well as to authorize SNMP stations to receive trap messages from the switch. You
therefore need to assign community strings to specified users or user groups, and
set the access level.
The default strings are:
• public - with read-only access. Authorized management stations are only able
to retrieve MIB objects.
• private - with read-write access. Authorized management stations are able to
ameter), the switch provides the requested data or sets
to control management access to SNMP stations, as
2-6
both retrieve and modify MIB objects.
Note: If you do not intend to utilize SNMP, we recommend that you delete both of
the default community strings. If there are no community strings, then SNMP
management access to the sw
itch is disabled.
To prevent unauthorized access to the switch via SNMP, it is recommended that
you change the default community strings.
o configure a community string, complete the following steps:
T
1. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode prompt, type
“snmp-server community string mode,” where “string” is the community access
string and “mode” is rw (read/write) or ro (read only). Press <
e default mode is read only.)
th
Enter>. (Note that
2. To remove an existing string, simply type “no snmp-server community string,”
where “string” is the community access string to remove. Press <Enter>.
Trap Receivers
You can also specify SNMP stations that are to receive traps from the switch.
To configure a trap receiver, complete the following steps:
1. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode prompt, type
“snmp-server host host-address community-string,” where “host-address” is the
IP address for the trap receiver and “community-string” is the string associated
with that host. Press <Enter>.
2. In order to configure the switch to send SNMP notifications, you must enter at
least one snmp-server enable traps command. Type “snmp-server enable traps
type,” where “type” is either authentication or link-up-down. Press <Enter>.
Saving Configuration Settings
Configuration commands only modify the running configuration file and are not
saved when the switch is rebooted. To save all your configuration changes in
nonvolatile storage, you must copy the running configuration file to the start-up
configuration file using the “copy” command.
To save the current configuration settings, enter the following command:
1. From the Privileged Exec mode prompt, type “copy running-config
startup-config” and press <Enter>.
2. Enter the name of the start-up file. Press <Enter>.
2-7
Managing System Files
The switch’s flash memory supports three types of system files that can be
managed by the CLI program, Web interface, or SNMP. The switch’s file system
allows files to be uploaded and downloaded, copied, deleted, and set as a start-up
file.
The three types of files are:
Configuration — This file stores system configuration information and is
•
created when configuration settings are saved. Saved configuration files can be
selected as a system start-up file or can be uploaded via TFTP to a server for
backup. A file named “Factory_Default_Config.cfg” contains a
ettings and cannot be deleted from the system. See “Saving or Restoring
s
ll the system default
Configuration Settings” on page 3-19 for more information.
• Operation Code — System s
oftware that is executed after boot-up, also known
as run-time code. This code runs the switch operations and provides the CLI and
Web management interfaces. See “Managing Firmware” on page 3-16 for more
information.
• Diagnostic Code — Software that is run during system boot-up, also known as
POST (Power On Self-Test).
Due to the size limit of the flash memory, the switch supports only two operation
code files. However,
you can have as many diagnostic code files and
configuration files as available flash memory space allows.
In the system flash memory, one file of each type must be set as the start-up file.
During a system boot, the diagnostic and operation code files set as the start-up
file are run, and then the start-up configuration file is loaded.
Note that configuration files should be downloaded using a file name that reflects
the contents or usage of the file settings. If you download directly to the
running-config, the system will reboot, and the settings will have to be copied from
the running-config to a permanent file.
2-8
3 Chapter : Configuring the Switch
Using the Web Int
This switch provides an embedded HTTP
can configure the switch and view statistics to monitor network activity. The Web
agent can be accessed by any computer on the network using a standard Web
browser (Internet Explorer 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 6.2 or above).
Note: You can also use the Command Line Interface (CLI) to manage the switch
over a seri
sing the CLI, refer to Chapter 4: “Command Line Interface.”
u
Prior to accessing the swi r, be sure you have first
performedthe following tasks:
1. Configure the switch with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway
using an out-of-band serial connection, BOOTP or DHCP protocol. (See “Setting
an IP Address” on page 2-4.)
2. Set user names and passwords using an out-of-band serial connection. Access
to the Web agent is controlled by the same user names and passwords as the
onboard configuration program. (See “Setting Passwords” on page 2-4.)
3. After you enter a user name and password, you will have access to the system
configuration program.
Notes: 1. You are allowed three attempts to enter the correct password; on the
third failed attempt the current connection is terminated.
2. If you log into the Web interface as guest (Normal Exec level), you can view the
configuration settings or change the guest password. If you log in as “admin”
(Privileged Exec level), you can change the settings on any page.
3. If the path between your management station and this switch does not pass
through any device that uses the Spanning Tree Algorithm, then you can set the
switch port attached to your management station to fast forwarding (i.e., enable
Admin Edge Port) to improve the switch’s response time to management
commands issued through the web interface. See “Configuring Interface Settings”
on page 3-101
al connection to the console port or via Telnet. For more information on
erface
Web agent. Using a Web browser you
tch from a Web browse
3-1
Navigating the Web Browser Interface
To access the web-browser interface you must first enter a user name and
password. The administrator has Read/Write access to all configuration
parameters and statistics. The default user name and password for the
administrator is “admin
Home Page
When your web browser connects with the switch’s web agent, the home page is
displayed as shown below. The home page displays the Main Menu on the left
side of the screen and System Information on the right side. The Main Menu links
are used to navigate to other menus, and display configuration parameters and
statistics.
.”
Figure 3-1. Home Page
3-2
Configuration Options
Configurable parameters have a dialog box or a drop-down list. Once a
configuration change has been made on a page, be sure to click on the Apply
button to confirm the new setting. The following table summarizes
configuration buttons.
Notes: 1. To ensure proper screen refresh, be sure that Internet Explorer 5.x is
configured as follows: Under the menu “Tools / Internet Options / General /
Temporary Internet Files / Settings,” the setting for item “Check for newer
versions of stored pages” should be “Every visit to the page.”
2. When using Internet Explorer 5.0, you may have to manually refresh the screen
after making configuration changes by pressing the browser’s refresh button.
the web page
Panel Display
The web agent displays an image of the switch’s ports. The Mode can be set to
display different information for the ports, including Active (i.e., up or down),
Duplex (i.e., half or full duplex, or Flow Control (i.e., with or without flow control).
Clicking on the image of a port opens the Port Configuration page as described on
page 3-66.
Figure 3-2. Ports Panel Display
3-3
Main Menu
Using the onboard web agent, you can define system parameters, manage and
control the switch, and all its ports, or monitor network conditions. The following
table briefly describes the selections available from this program.
3-4
3-5
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