Apple pb g3 series bronze Service Manual
K
Service Source
PowerBook G3 Series
(Bronze Keyboard)
K
Service Source
Basics
PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze
Keyboard)
Basics Product Overview - 1
Product Overview
The newest PowerBooks in
the PowerBook G3 Series
combine all the features of
the previous PowerBook G3
Series computers in a
slimmer, lighter design.
To differentiate this model
from earlier models, check
for the bronze see-through
keyboard and a small, white
Apple logo on the inside top
of the display bezel.
Basics Product Overview - 2
Features
The features of the PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard)
include:
• PowerPC G3 microprocessor running at clock speeds of
333 or 400 MHz
• Backside L2 cache of up to 1 MB of fast static RAM
• Two standard SO-DIMM expansion slots for SDRAM
modules and 64 MB minimum of SDRAM installed,
expandable to 384 MB total
• Built-in hard drive of 4 or 6 GB
• 14.1-inch TFT display with XGA resolution (1024 x 768
pixels)
• Standard VGA video connector for external video monitor
with XGA resolution, and S-video connector that supports
PAL and NTSC video monitors
• 8 MB of video SDRAM
Basics Product Overview - 3
• Built-in 2D and 3D graphics acceleration via video
circuits
• Two hot-swappable expansion bays for two batteries or
one battery and one CD-ROM drive, DVD-ROM drive, or
other IDE or PCI device
• One CardBus slot that accepts one Type II CardBus card or
PC Card
• Two USB ports for external keyboard, mouse, and other
USB devices
• One SCSI port with HDI-30 connector
• Built-in Ethernet port with RJ-45 connector for
10BaseT and 100Base-TX operation
• Infrared link for up to 4 Mbit-per-second IrDA data
transfer
• Built-in modem with 56 Kbps data rate
• Built-in microphone and speakers as well as a line-level
stereo input jack and a stereo headphone jack
Basics Product Overview - 4
• Keyboard with embedded numeric keypad and inverted-T
arrow keys. Some function keys control the display and
speakers
• Trackpad with tap/double tap and drag features
System Configurations
At introduction in May 1999, two basic configurations of the
PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) are available.
With configure-to-order options, customers may customize
their computers in a variety of ways. For more information
on configurations and configure-to-order options, see the
Specifications chapter of this manual.
Basics Product Overview - 5
PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze K eyboard) Configurations
Introduced May 1999
M7304 M7308
Display
Processor Speed
Backside L2 Cache
Memory (SDRAM)
Video (SGRAM)
Hard Drive
CD-ROM Drive
DVD-ROM Drive
K56flex Modem
14.1 TFT 14.1 TFT
333 MHz 400 MHz
512k 1 MB
64 MB 64 MB
8 MB 8 MB
4 GB IDE 6 GB IDE
Yes No
No Yes
Yes Yes
S-video Out Yes Yes
Basics View of Front and Right Side - 6
View of Front and Right Side
Microphone
Sleep Indicator
Brightness
Controls
Keyboard
Release Tabs
Trackpad
Trackpad
Button
Battery Bay
Release Lever
Volume
Controls
Display Latch
Power
Button
Expansion Bay
Module
Expansion Bay
Release Lever
The front of the computer
includes the: microphone,
sleep indicator, volume and
brightness controls,
keyboard release tabs,
trackpad and trackpad
button, battery bay release
lever, display latch, and
expansion bay release lever.
The right side includes the:
expansion bay release lever
and the power button.
Basics View of Rear and Left Side - 7
View of Rear and Left Side
The rear of the computer includes the: power adapter port,
sound output, sound input, two USB ports, Ethernet (10/
100 Base-T), SCSI port (HDI-30), external TV out port
(S-video), keyboard locking screw, external video port,
reset button, internal modem port, and infrared window.
The left side includes the PC card eject button, PC Card slot,
and battery bay.
The rear and left side of the computer is pictured on the
following page.
Basics View of Rear and Left Side - 8
Battery
with LED
Status
Lights
PC Card Slot
PC Card
Eject Button
Reset
Button
Infrared
Window
Power
Adapter
-
Sound
Input
¯
Port
¯
USB
Ports
(2)
-
√
Sound
Output
-
√
1
2
-
√
G
Ethernet Port
(10/100
Base-T)
1
2
SCSI
Port
(HDI-30)
G
G
g
g
G
g
™
W
Æ
Æ
™
W
g
Æ
External
TV Out Port
(S-video)
Keyboard
Locking
Screw
™
W
Internal
Modem
Port
W
™
External
Video
Port
PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) Rear View
Basics System Software—NewWorld ROM - 9
System Software—NewWorld ROM
The PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) is different
from previous Macintosh PowerBook computers in that it
has no single, large ROM that contains many components of
the Mac OS software, the 68K emulator, hardware
initialization, and the nanokernel. Instead, a small ROM
provides hardware initialization functions and provides a
mechanism to load the Mac OS ROM image into RAM. The new
software architecture that is centered around ROM-in-RAM
and its ramifications has the code name NewWorld.
ROM-in-RAM
Hardware-specific code resides in firmware (ROM) that
fits into one ROM called the boot ROM. The boot ROM includes
the code and tables needed to start up the computer, load an
Basics System Software—NewWorld ROM - 10
operating system, and provide common hardware access
services.
All higher-level software resides in what has been
historically known as the Mac OS ROM, but with much of the
old hardware-specific code moved into the boot ROM. As
before, the Mac OS ROM can still be augmented by enablers,
the System file, and extensions.
Prior to the iMac, all Macintosh computers required a ROM
component that contained many components of the Mac OS
software. The NewWorld approach sidesteps this
requirement by copying an image of the Mac OS ROM into
RAM before the Mac OS begins operation. Once the Mac OS
begins operation, a Mac OS ROM image in RAM and an actual
Mac OS ROM behave in the same way. No new or different
software interfaces are directly accessible from the Mac OS.
During the boot process, software contained in the Mac OS
Basics System Software—NewWorld ROM - 11
ROM file communicates with Open Firmware to collect
information about the hardware, using the Open Firmware
Client Interface.
Performance
Performance of a PowerBook computer using ROM-in-RAM
should exceed performance measurements for other
Macintosh computers with comparable CPUs and speeds due
to the improved interrupt handling with the NewWorld
approach. In addition, performance is improved due to
executing code that normally exists in ROM-in-RAM,
because the RAM devices operate faster than the ROM devices
normally used.
Basics System Software—NewWorld ROM - 12
RAM Footprint
Because the Mac OS ROM image is stored in RAM,
approximately 3 MB of RAM is removed from availability
for other uses. In effect, a system with 64 MB of RAM
appears to have only 61 MB available. Some portion of the
missing 3 MB is offset by having fewer patches in RAM.
Data Structures and Files
The Mac OS ROM image is contained in a new file, named Mac
OS ROM, that is kept in the System Folder. The Mac OS ROM
image is exactly the same as it would be if it were an actual
Mac OS ROM, containing the high-level software, the kernel
software, and the 68K emulator.
Basics System Software—NewWorld ROM - 13
Startup Disk Control Panel
Previous systems stored the user's selected startup device
in Parameter RAM (PRAM) when the user selected a device
in the Startup Disk control panel. This device was honored
by the Mac OS ROM unless the selected device was
unavailable or was overridden by the user.
The startup disk routine for the PowerBook computer,
rather than setting Mac OS PRAM, sets an Open Firmware
config variable called boot-device. This setting is honored by
Open Firmware unless the selected device is unavailable or
is overriden by the user.
The following keys can be pressed to override the selected
startup device:
• Command-Option-Shift-Delete: ignore the boot-device
setting and scan for alternate devices
• C: force the internal CD-ROM drive to be the startup
Basics System Software—NewWorld ROM - 14
device
• D: force the internal hard drive to be the startup device.
Open Firmware and Startup Devices
In order for a device supported by a PCI expansion card to
participate in the startup process, the card must include an
expansion ROM containing startup firmware. Expansion
cards for startup devices must contain all the driver code
required during startup in the expansion ROM on the card.
Depending on their functions, such cards may also need to
provide support resources such as fonts.
Examples of devices needed during system startup include
display, keyboard, mouse devices, and storage devices such
as hard drives and CD-ROM drives.
Important:
If Open Firmware code is not included in the
Basics System Software—NewWorld ROM - 15
expansion card for a startup device, the card will not be
usable until the operating system loads its supporting
software from the startup device after the startup process
has concluded.
Basics Hard Disks and HFS Plus - 16
Hard Disks and HFS Plus
The PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) hard drives
use Mac OS Extended format (HFS Plus). Some disk utility
and disk locking programs manufactured by companies other
than Apple are incompatible with HFS Plus.
Using an incompatible disk utility or disk locking program
could result in hard drive corruption and loss of all data on
the hard disk. Check the documentation that came with the
program or contact the manufacturer or the vendor of the
program before attempting to use it. Apple recommends
using the utility Disk First Aid, which is included on the
system software CD that ships with the PowerBook G3
Series (Bronze Keyboard).
Basics Hard Disks and HFS Plus - 17
Norton Utilities
Warning:
will not run on any of the PowerBook G3 Series computers.
Running versions 3.5.1 and below may cause hard drive
corruption and loss of all data on the hard drive. See the
Symantec Web site at http://www.symantec.com/nu/numhfs.html for more information on Norton Utilities and Mac
OS Extended format.
Norton Utilities for Macintosh, v3.5.2 and 3.5.3
Basics SCSI Disk Mode - 18
SCSI Disk Mode
To use a PowerBook in SCSI disk mode, the computer you are
connecting to must be running Mac OS 8.1 or later. If the
computer is running an earlier version of system software,
no user files will be visible on the PowerBook hard drive.
With NewWorld ROM, a valid system image must exist on the
PowerBook hard drive for SCSI disk mode to work.
In addition, SCSI disk mode is set to SCSI ID 2 only and
cannot be changed.
Basics USB Ports - 19
USB Ports
The PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) has two
Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports that can be used to
connect I/O devices such as a USB mouse, printers,
scanners, and low-speed storage devices. The ports use USB
Type A connectors, which have four pins.
The USB ports take the place of the ADB and serial I/O ports
found on earlier PowerBook computers, but they do not
function the same way.
• USB is a serial communications channel, but it does not
replace LocalTalk functionality on Macintosh computers;
you cannot connect two Macintosh computers using the
USB. The best method for networking PowerBook
computers is through the built-in Ethernet port.
• The Macintosh USB software does not support booting
from an external USB storage device.
Basics Ethernet Port - 20
Ethernet Port
The PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) has a built-in
10/100 Mbps Ethernet port. When connected to either a
10Base-T or a 100Base-TX hub, the port will recognize
which type of hub is connected.
The connector for the Ethernet port is a a short, shielded
RJ-45 connector on the back of the computer.
Basics Keyboard - 21
Keyboard
The PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) keyboard
includes a built-in numeric keypad and controls to adjust
display brightness, speaker volume, and external audio port
volume.
Several of the keys on the keyboard have more than one mode
of operation. These changes are controlled by the Fn key, the
Num Lock key, and the Function Keys checkbox in the
Keyboard control panel.
Basics Keyboard - 22
Fn Key
Press the Fn key to:
• Toggle the function keys between their normal control
functions and their alternate F1–F12 functions
• Select the embedded numeric keypad on the right portion
of the alphanumeric keys
• Change certain control keys, including the cursor control
keys, to page control keys.
Table 1 below shows the operations controlled by function
keys when the Fn key is pressed.
Key Operation
F1 Decrease display brightness
F2 Increase display brightness
F3 Decrease speaker volume
Basics Keyboard - 23
Key Operation
F4 Increase speaker volume
F5 Num Lock
F6 Mute speaker
Table 1: Function Key Operation
Num Lock Key
Press the Num Lock key to:
• Select the embedded numeric keypad on the right portion
of the alphanumeric keys
• Make the rest of the alphanumeric keys functionless
Basics Keyboard - 24
Function Keys Checkbox
The Function Keys checkbox is a checkbox in the Keyboard
control panel that lets the user choose whether the function
keys F1–F12 are primary or secondary.
Primary means the function keys default to their control
functions when the Fn key is not depressed. Secondary means
the function keys default to their F1–F12 functions when the
Fn key is not depressed. In either case, pressing the Fn key
reverses the functions of the function keys from the default
functions set by the checkbox.
Basics DVD-Video - 25
DVD-Video
Some configurations of the PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze
Keyboard) have a built-in DVD decoder that provides video
support for a DVD drive in the right expansion bay. This
decoder provides MPEG-2 audio and video decoding as well as
full NTSC and PAL decoding.
The Macintosh PowerBook DVD-Video Kit offered by Apple
for earlier PowerBook G3 Series computers is not supported
in this model. The DVD expansion bay module sold with the
kit will not physically fit in this version of the PowerBook
G3 Series.
Basics Expansion Bay Modules - 26
Expansion Bay Modules
Expansion bays are not the same as those in previous
PowerBook G3 Series computers. Expansion bay modules
designed for earlier PowerBook computers will not fit in the
expansion bays of the PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze
Keyboard).
The left expansion bay accepts PowerBook G3 Series
(Bronze Keyboard) batteries only. The right expansion bay
accepts batteries and the wider 5.25-inch CD-ROM drive
and DVD-ROM drive. When a smaller device is inserted, the
expansion bay flip door covers the empty part of the bay.
Expansion bay modules may be removed while the
PowerBook is turned on, in sleep, or shut down. Do not swap
modules while the computer is starting up.
Basics Battery Information - 27
Battery Information
The Lithium Ion (LiIon) batteries used for the PowerBook
G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) are not compatible with any
earlier PowerBooks, including others in the PowerBook G3
Series. The connector is physically different, and the
battery is thinner than previous batteries.
LiIon batteries have battery level indicator lights that tell
whether the battery is fully charged, three-fourths
charged, one-half charged, one-fourth charged, or empty.
To check the battery charge, press the status button located
next to the status lights. The battery charges whenever the
external AC adapter is connected.
If the battery lights blink, there is a problem with the
battery. If only one light blinks, the battery is fully depleted
and needs to be recharged.
Basics Battery Information - 28
Battery Handling Guidelines
Warning:
should not be thrown out with household or office trash.
Review battery handling and disposal instructions in Safety
Information in Bulletins/Safety.
The following are guidelines for properly handling
batteries:
• Handle the battery carefully. Do not drop, puncture,
disassemble, mutilate, or incinerate it.
• Do not leave a battery in the computer for longer than a
week without plugging in the power adapter.
• Do not short the battery contacts.
• Do not leave the battery in hot locations (such as the
trunk of a car).
• Do not leave a battery in storage for longer than six
months without recharging it.
LiIon batteries contain hazardous chemicals and
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