Copyright 1999 Allied Telesyn International, Corp.
960 Sewart Drive Suite B, Sunnyvale CA 94086 USA
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from Allied Telesyn International,
Corp.
Centre
Com is a registered trademark of Allied Telesyn International, Corp.
All other product names, company names, logos or other designations mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of
their respective owners.
Allied Telesyn International, Corp. reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this
document without prior written notice. The information provided herein is subject to change without notice. In no event shall Allied
Telesyn International, Corp. be liable for any incidental, special, indirect, or consequential damages whatsoever, including but not
limited to lost profits, arising out of or related to this manual or the information contained herein, even if Allied Telesyn International,
Corp. has been advised of, known, or should have known, the possibility of such damages.
This guide describes the use and configuration of the following
Allied Telesyn Gigabit Ethernet switches running software version
4.x.
Switch ModelDescription
AT-8518SX
AT-8518LX
AT-9108SX
AT-9108LX
AT-8525SX
AT-8525LX
AT-8550SX
❏
16 auto-negotiating 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports
❏
Two Gigabit Ethernet ports with short wavelength GBIC connectors
❏
16 auto-negotiating 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports
❏
Two Gigabit Ethernet ports with long wavelength GBIC connectors
❏
6 Gigabit Ethernet ports with SC connectors
❏
2 Gigabit Ethernet ports with short wavelength GBIC connectors
❏
6 Gigabit Ethernet ports with SC connectors
❏
2 Gigabit Ethernet ports with long wavelength GBIC connectors
❏
24 auto-negotiating 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports
❏
1 Gigabit Ethernet ports with short wavelength GBIC connector
❏
1 redundant Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet port
❏
24 auto-negotiating 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports
❏
1 Gigabit Ethernet ports with long wavelength GBIC connector
❏
1 redundant Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet port
❏
48 auto-negotiating 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports
❏
2 Gigabit Ethernet ports with short wavelength GBIC connectors
❏
2 redundant Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet port
AT-8550LX
❏
48 auto-negotiating 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports
❏
2 Gigabit Ethernet ports with long wavelength GBIC connectors
❏
2 redundant Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet port
Preface-i
Audience Description
Audience Description
This guide provides the required information to configure the
software running on the Gigabit Ethernet switches.
This guide is intended for use by network administrators who are
responsible for installing and setting up network equipment. It
assumes a basic working knowledge of the following:
❑
Local area networks (LANs)
❑
Ethernet concepts
❑
Ethernet switching and bridging concepts
❑
Routing concepts
❑
Internet Protocol (IP) concepts
❑
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest Path
First (OSPF)
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s Guide
Note
Caution
Warning
Document
Conventions
This guide uses the following conventions:
A note provides additional information.
A caution indicates that performing or omitting a specific action may
result in equipment damage or loss of data.
A warning indicates that performing or omitting a specific action may
result in bodily injury.
Preface-iii
Organization
Organization
This guide is divided into xx chapters and xx appendices, as follows:
Section TitleDescription
Chapter 1,
Chapter 2,
Chapter 3,
Chapter 4,
Chapter 5,
Chapter 6,
Chapter 7,
Chapter 8,
Chapter 9,
Overview
Accessing the Switch
Configuring Switch Ports
Virtual LANs (VLANs)
Forwarding Database (FDB)
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
Quality of Service (QoS)
IP Unicast Routing
RIP and OSPF
A description of the Gigabit switch’s software
features and software factory default settings
The basics of managing the Gigabit switches
The procedures to configure the switch ports
A description of VLAN concepts and the
procedures to implement VLANs on the Gigabit
switches
A description of the switch’s forwarding
database and the procedures to configure it
An explanation of Spanning Tree features as
implemented by the Gigabit switches
A description of the concept of Quality of Service
(QoS) and the procedures to configure QoS on
the Gigabit switches
The procedures to configure IP routing on
theGigabit switches
A description of the the IP unicast routing
protocols available on the Gigabit switches
Chapter 10,
Chapter 11,
Chapter 12,
Chapter 13,
Statistics
Chapter 14,
Options
Appendix A,
Appendix B,
Preface-iv
IP Multicast Routing
IPX Routing
Access Policies
Status Monitoring and
Software Upgrade and Boot
Supported Standards
Troubleshooting
A description of IP multicast routing
components and procedures to configure IP
multicast routing on the Gigabit switches
The procedures to configure IPX, IPX/RIP, and
IPX/SAP on the Gigabit switches
The procedures to create access policies on the
Gigabit switches
The procedures on obtaining statistical
information about the Gigabit switches
The procedures to upgrade the switch software
image, load, and save configurations
A list of supported software standards
Problem resolutions
Related Publications
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s Guide
Allied Telesyn wants our customers to be well informed by providing
the most up-to-date and most easily accessible way to find our
guides and other technical information.
Visit our website at:
www.alliedtelesyn/techhome.htm.com
download the following guide:
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s
Command Guide
PN 613-10794-00
The following guides are shipped with the product:
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525 and AT-8550 Installation
Guide
PN 613-10841-00
AT-RPS1000 Installation Guide
PN 613-10755-00
AT-GBIC (SX and LX) Quick Install Guide
PN 613-10757-00
and
Preface-v
Chapter 1
Overview
This chapter describes the following:
❑
Gigabit Ethernet switch software features
❑
How to use the Gigabit Ethernet switch in your network
configuration
❑
Software factory default settings
Summary of Features
The software features include the following:
❑
Virtual local area networks (VLANs) including support for IEEE
802.1Q and IEEE 802.1p
❑
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) (IEEE 802.1D) with multiple STP
domains
❑
Policy-Based Quality of Service (PB-QoS)
❑
Wire-speed Internet Protocol (IP) routing
❑
IP Multinetting
❑
DHCP/BootP Relay
❑
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) version 1 and RIP version 2
For more information on the Gigabit switch components, refer to the
switch installation guides.
Virtual LANs
(VLANs)
The switches have a VLAN feature that enables you to construct your
broadcast domains without being restricted by physical
connections. Up to 255 VLANs can be defined on the switch. A VLAN
is a group of location- and topology-independent devices that
communicate as if they were on the same physical local area network
(LAN).
Implementing VLANs on your network has the following three
advantages:
❑
It helps to control broadcast traffic. If a device in VLAN
Marketing
transmits a broadcast frame, only VLAN
Marketing
devices receive the frame.
❑
It provides extra security. Devices in VLAN
communicate with devices on VLAN
Marketing
Sales
using routing
can only
services.
❑
It eases the change and movement of devices on networks. If
a device in VLAN
Marketing
is moved to a port in another part
of the network, all you must do is specify that the new port
belongs to VLAN
Marketing
.
1-2
Note
For more information on VLANs, refer to Chapter 4.
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s Guide
Note
Note
Note
Spanning Tree
Protocol
(
STP
Quality of Service
(QoS)
The switches support the IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol (STP),
)
which is a bridge-based mechanism for providing fault tolerance on
networks. STP enables you to implement parallel paths for network
traffic, and ensure the following:
❑
Redundant paths are disabled when the main paths are
operational.
❑
Redundant paths are enabled if the main traffic paths fail.
The switch supports up to 64 Spanning Tree Domains (STPDs).
For more information on STP, refer to Chapter 6.
The switches have Policy-Based Quality of Service (QoS) features that
enable you to specify service levels for different traffic groups. By
default, all traffic is assigned the “normal” QoS policy profile. If
needed, you can create other QoS policies and apply them to
different traffic types so that they have different guaranteed
minimum bandwidth, maximum bandwidth, and priority.
Unicast Routing
For more information on Quality of Service, refer to Chapter 7.
The switches can route IP or IPX traffic between the VLANs that are
configured as virtual router interfaces. Both dynamic and static IP
routes are maintained in the routing table. The following routing
protocols are supported:
❑
RIP version 1
❑
RIP version 2
❑
OSPF
❑
IPX/RIP
For more information on IP unicast routing, refer to Chapter 8. For
more information on IPX/RIP, refer to Chapter 11.
1-3
Summary of Features
IP Multicast
Routing
Load Sharing
The switches can use IP multicasting to allow a single IP host to
transmit a packet to a group of IP hosts. The switch softwre supports
multicast routes that are learned by way of the Distance Vector
Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) or Protocol Independent
Multicast-Dense Mode (PIM-DM).
Note
For more information on IP multicast routing, refer to Chapter 10.
Load sharing allows you to increase bandwidth and resilience by
using a group of ports to carry traffic in parallel between systems.
The sharing algorithm allows the switch to use multiple ports as a
single logical port. For example, VLANs see the load-sharing group as
a single virtual port. The algorithm also guarantees packet
sequencing between clients.
Note
For information on load sharing, refer to Chapter 3.
1-4
Memory Requirements
Your Gigabit switch must have 32MB of DRAM in order to support
the features in switch software version 4.0 and above. This is not an
issue for the AT-8525 and the AT-8550 models, and all currently
shipping switches contain 32MB. Earlier models of the switches
shipped with 16MB, and must be upgraded to support the switch
software version 4.0 and above.
To determine the memory size in your switch, use the following
command:
show memory
For switches running software version 4.0, the switch indicates the
total DRAM size in megabytes as part of the output. For switches
running previous softwware releases, you must calculate the
memory by taking the sum of the bytes listed under
free
the sum is greater than 16,000,000, there is no need to upgrade the
memory on the switch. If this is not the case, please contact your
supplier.
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s Guide
and adding to it the bytes listed under
current
current alloc
. If
1-5
Network Configuration Example
Network Configuration Example
Using Allied Telesyn’s Gigabit Ethernet switches, you can build a
complete end-to-end LAN switching infrastructure that consistently
delivers the same functionality, features, and management interface
throughout. Functionality includes non-blocking switch fabric, wirespeed routing, and Policy-Based QoS. Features include IP routing
with RIP, RIP v2, and OSPF, IP multicast routing support with IGMP,
DVMRP, and PIM-DM, VLAN support by way of IEEE 802.1Q (including
the Generic VLAN Registration Protocol, or GVRP), and standard
packet prioritization using IEEE 802.1p (also known as IEEE 802.1D-
1998).
The switches deliver the maximum price performance in a small, 3.5
inch-high package. The needs of smaller networks can be satisfied
with AT-8525 and AT-8550 Enterprise desktop switches aggregated
by other Allied Telesyn switches.
In most networks, desktop switches at the edge of the network are
aggregated with core and segment switches. An example of this
configuration is illustrated in Figure 1-1.
10/100BASE-T ETHERNET SWITCH
WITH GIGABIT ETHERNET
18
POWER
DIAG
9101112
10/100BASE-T ETHERNET SWITCH
WITH GIGABIT ETHERNET
21 22 23 24
10/100BASE-TX
33 34 35 36
MDI-X
POWER
MGMT.
45 46 47 48
1000BASE-X NETWORK PORTS
ACTIVITY
12345678
12345678
LINK
LINK DISABLED
Core
Switching
Figure 1-1
100BASE-FX FAST ETHERNET SWITCH
100BASE-FX
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
A
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
B
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
100BASE-FX FAST ETHERNET SWITCH
100BASE-FX
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
A
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
B
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
100BASE-FX FAST ETHERNET SWITCH
100BASE-FX
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
A
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
L/A
B
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
D/C
STATUS
RS-232
PORT ACTIVITY
87654321
TERMINAL PORT
L/A
L/A
L/A
D/C
D/C
D/C
L/A
RXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTX
LINK / ACTIVITY
FULL DUP /
HALF DUP
D/C
FAULT
161514131211109
COL
L/A
L/A
L/A
RPS
PWR
D/C
D/C
D/C
RXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTX
RESET
STATUS
RS-232
PORT ACTIVITY
87654321
TERMINAL PORT
L/A
L/A
L/A
D/C
D/C
D/C
L/A
RXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTX
LINK / ACTIVITY
FULL DUP /
HALF DUP
D/C
FAULT
161514131211109
COL
L/A
L/A
L/A
RPS
PWR
D/C
D/C
D/C
RXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTX
RESET
STATUS
RS-232
PORT ACTIVITY
87654321
TERMINAL PORT
L/A
L/A
L/A
D/C
D/C
D/C
L/A
RXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTX
LINK / ACTIVITY
FULL DUP /
HALF DUP
D/C
FAULT
161514131211109
COL
L/A
L/A
L/A
RPS
PWR
D/C
D/C
D/C
RXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTXRXTX
RESET
Distributed Core
GIGABIT ETHERNET SWITCH
POWER
DIAG
Switching
1000BASE-X10/100BASE-TX MDI-X
ACTIVITY
1234
LINK ON
DISABLED
123456
789101112
1314 15 1617 18
25R
1920 21 2223 242525
25RAL
25 25R
13 14 15 16
5678
17 18 19 20
9101112
21 22 23 24
10/100BASE-T ETHERNET SWITCH
WITH GIGABIT ETHERNET
POWER
MGMT.
Data Center
Integrated Server
Switching
Network Configuration Example
9101112
5678
1234
123456
789101112
494949R
1314 15 16 1718
49RAL
1920 21 22 2324
49 49R
13 14 15 16
ACTIVITY
25 26 27 28
LINK ON
1000BASE-X
DISABLED
2526 27 28 2930
3132 33 34 3536
3738 39 49 4142
50R
4344 45 46 47485050
50RAL
50 50R
37 38 39 40
17 18 19 20
29 30 31 32
41 42 43 44
21 22 23 24
33 34 35 36
45 46 47 48
10/100BASE-T ETHERNET SWITCH
WITH GIGABIT ETHERNET
10/100BASE-TX
MDI-X
POWER
MGMT.
ISA_2
1-6
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s Guide
A high-speed core switch is used to aggregate Gigabit Ethernet links
from several Allied Telesyn Gigabit Ethernet switches and fast
Ethernet links from access routers.
In this diagram, the Gigabit switches are used for enterprise desktop
connectivity, segment switching, and server switching. The AT-8550
and AT-8525 are used for enterprise desktop connectivity; a
combination of the AT-8518andAT-8525 is used for segment
switching; and the AT-9108is used for server switching.
A unique feature of the Gigabit switches is that they provide full layer
3 switching or routing. By enabling core and server switches to route,
the performance penalty of traditional software-based routers can
be removed, and those routers can be used primarily for WAN and
access routing applications. At the desktop, enabling routing on
enterprise desktop switches can increase reliability by dual-homing
the switch to the backbone. In addition, routing on desktop switches
increases the efficiency of the LAN by properly handling IP multicast
packets that are destined for desktops. Segment switches that
deliver wire-speed IP routing can permit easy network migration
with no change to the existing subnet structure.
1-7
Software Factory Defaults
Software Factory Defaults
Table 1-1 shows factory defaults for global software features.
Table 1-1
Gigabit Switches Global Factory Defaults
ItemDefault Setting
Serial or Telnet user account
admin
with no password and
user
with no password
Web network managementEnabled
SNMP read community string
SNMP write community string
public
private
RMON Disabled
BOOTPEnabled on the default VLAN (
default
)
QoSAll traffic is part of the default queue in ingress mode
QoS monitoringAutomatic roving
802.1p priorityRecognition enabled
802.3x flow controlEnabled on Gigabit Ethernet ports
Virtual LANsOne VLAN named
default
; all ports belong to the default
VLAN; the default VLAN belongs to the STPD named
802.1Q taggingAll packets are untagged on the default VLAN (
default)
Spanning Tree ProtocolDisabled for the switch; enabled for each port in the
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s Guide
Note
Table 1-1
Gigabit Switches Global Factory Defaults
ItemDefault Setting
PIM-DMDisabled
IPX routingDisabled
NTPDisabled
DNSDisabled
Port mirroringDisabled
For default settings of individual software features, refer to individual
chapters in this guide.
(Continued)
1-9
Chapter 2
Note
Accessing the Switch
This chapter provides the following required information to begin
managing the Gigabit switch:
❑
Understanding the command syntax
❑
Line-editing commands
❑
Command history substitution
❑
Configuring the switch for management
❑
Switch management methods
❑
Configuring SNMP
❑
Checking basic connectivity
❑
Using the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP)
For configuration changes to be retained through a power cycle or
reboot, you must issue a SAVE command after you have made the
change. For more information on the SAVE command, refer to
Chapter 14.
2-1
Understanding the Command Syntax
Note
This section describes the steps to take when entering a command.
Refer to the sections that follow for detailed information on using
the command-line interface.
To use the command-line interface (CLI), follow these steps:
1. When entering a command at the prompt, ensure that you have
the appropriate privilege level.
Most configuration commands require you to have the
administrator privilege level.
2. Enter the command name.
If the command does not include a parameter or values, skip
to Step 3. If the command requires more information,
continue to Step 2a.
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s Guide
Syntax Helper
a. If the command includes a parameter, enter the parameter
name and values.
b. The value part of the command specifies how you want the
parameter to be set. Values include numerics, strings, or
addresses, depending on the parameter.
3. After entering the complete command, press [Return].
If an asterisk (*) appears in front of the command-line prompt, it
indicates that you have outstanding configuration changes that have
not been saved. For more information on saving configuration
changes, refer to Chapter 14.
The CLI has a built-in syntax helper. If you are unsure of the complete
syntax for a particular command, enter as much of the command as
possible and press [Return]. The syntax helper provides a list of
options for the remainder of the command.
The syntax helper also provides assistance if you have entered an
incorrect command.
Command
Completion with
Syntax Helper
The switch software provides command completion if you press the
[Tab] key. If you enter a partial command, pressing the [Tab] key
posts a list of available options, and places the cursor at the end of
the command.
2-2
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s Guide
Note
Abbreviated
Syntax
Command
Shortcuts
Abbreviated syntax is the shortest, most unambiguous, allowable
abbreviation of a command or parameter. Typically, this is the first
three letters of the command.
When using abbreviated syntax, you must enter enough characters to
make the command unambiguous and distinguishable to the switch.
All named components of the switch configuration must have a
unique name. Components are named using the
When you enter a command to configure a named component, you
do not need to use the keyword of the component. For example, to
create a VLAN, you must enter a unique VLAN name:
create vlan engineering
Once you have created the VLAN with a unique name, you can then
eliminate the keyword
the name to be entered. For example, instead of entering the
command
vlan
from all other commands that require
create
command.
Numerical
Ranges
Names
config vlan engineering delete port 1-3,6
you can enter the following shortcut:
config engineering delete port 1-3,6
Commands that require you to enter one or more port numbers on a
switch use the parameter
be a range of numbers, for example:
port 1-3
You can add additional port numbers to the list, separated by a
comma:
port 1-3,6,8
All named components of the switch configuration must have a
unique name. Names must begin with an alphabetical character and
are delimited by whitespace, unless enclosed in quotation marks.
<portlist>
in the syntax. A portlist can
2-3
Understanding the Command Syntax
Symbols
You may see a variety of symbols shown as part of the command
syntax. These symbols explain how to enter the command, and you
do not type them as part of the command itself. Table 2-1
summarizes command syntax symbols.
Table 2-1
Command Syntax Symbols
SymbolDescription
angle brackets < >Enclose a variable or value. You must specify the variable or value. For
example, in the syntax
config vlan <name> ipaddress <ip_address>
you must supply a VLAN name for
<ip_address>
when entering the command. Do not type the angle
<name>
and an address for
brackets.
square brackets [ ]Enclose a required value or list of required arguments. One or more
values or arguments can be specified. For example, in the syntax
disable vlan [<name> | all]
you must specify either the VLAN name for
all
when entering the command. Do not type the square brackets.
<name>
, or the keyword
vertical bar |Separates mutually exclusive items in a list, one of which must be
entered. For example, in the syntax
config snmp community [readonly | readwrite]
<string>
you must specify either the read or write community string in the
command. Do not type the vertical bar.
braces { }Enclose an optional value or a list of optional arguments. One or more
values or arguments can be specified. For example, in the syntax
show vlan {<name> | all}
you can specify either a particular VLAN or the keyword
all
. If you do
not specify an argument, the command will show all VLANs. Do not type
the braces.
2-4
Line-Editing Keys
AT-9108, AT-8518, AT-8525, and AT-8550 User’s Guide
Table 2-2 describes the line-editing keys available using the CLI.
Table 2-2
Line-Editing Ke y
Key(s)Description
BackspaceDeletes character to the left of cursor and shifts the remainder of line to
left.
Delete or
Deletes character under cursor and shifts the remainder of line to left.
[Ctrl] + D
[Ctrl] + KDeletes characters from under cursor to the end of the line.
InsertToggles on and off. When toggled on, inserts text and shifts previous text
to right.
Left ArrowMoves cursor to left.
Right ArrowMoves cursor to right.
Home or
Moves cursor to first character in line.
[Ctrl] + A
End or [Ctrl] + EMoves cursor to last character in line.
[Ctrl] + LClears the screen and movers the cursor to the beginning of the line.
[Ctrl] + UClears all characters typed from the cursor to the beginning of the line.
[Ctrl] + WDeletes the previous word.
Up ArrowDisplays the previous command in the command history buffer and
places cursor at end of command.
Down ArrowDisplays the next command in the command history buffer and places
cursor at end of command.
2-5
Command History
Command History
The switch software “remembers” the last 49 commands you enter.
You can display a list of these commands by using the following
command:
history
2-6
Loading...
+ 230 hidden pages
You need points to download manuals.
1 point = 1 manual.
You can buy points or you can get point for every manual you upload.