ZyXEL Communications P-661HW User Manual

P-661H/HW Series

802.11g Wireless ADSL2+ 4-port Security Gateway

User’s Guide

Version 3.40

Edition 1

5/2006

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Copyright

Copyright © 2006 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,
stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.

Disclaimer

ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or
software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the
patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products
described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks

ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL
Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for
identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.

Copyright 3

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement

This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:

• This device may not cause harmful interference.

• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operations.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.

If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:

Certifications

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver
is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Notice 1

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

Certifications

1 Go to www.zyxel.com.

2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that

product's page.

3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page.

4 Certifications

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Certifications 5

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.

• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel can
service the device. Please contact your vendor for further information.

• Connect the power cord to the right supply voltage (110V AC in North America or 230V
AC in Europe).

• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power cord and do NOT locate the product where
anyone can walk on the power cord.

• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical, gas or water pipes will be
damaged.

• Do NOT install nor use your device during a thunderstorm. There may be a remote risk of
electric shock from lightning.

• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.

• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.

• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.

• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.

• Do NOT store things on the device.

• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.

Safety Warnings

6 Safety Warnings

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects
in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During
the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure
due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the
defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever
extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating
condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent
product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not
apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or
subjected to abnormal working conditions.

Note

Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the
purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any
implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in
no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind of character to the
purchaser.

To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return
Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is
recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of
purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of
ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products
will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty
gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to
country.

ZyXEL Limited Warranty 7

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.

• Product model and serial number.

• Warranty Information.

• Date that you received your device.

• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.

Customer Support

METHOD

LOCATION

CORPORATE
HEADQUARTERS
(WORLDWIDE)

CZECH REPUBLIC

DENMARK

FINLAND

FRANCE

GERMANY

HUNGARY

KAZAKHSTAN

NORTH AMERICA

NORWAY

SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE

SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.com

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.zyxel.com

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.cz ZyXEL Communications

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/S

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.fi ZyXEL Communications Oy

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.fr ZyXEL France

[phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.de ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.hu ZyXEL Hungary

[e-mail] [phone]

http://zyxel.kz/support [phone] www.zyxel.kz ZyXEL Kazakhstan

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] 1-800-255-4101

[phone]

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.us.zyxel.com

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.no ZyXEL Communications A/S

[e-mail] [phone]

A

WEB SITE

www.europe.zyxel.com

ftp.europe.zyxel.com

www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.

REGULAR MAIL

ZyXEL Communications Corp.
6 Innovation Road II

Science Park
Hsinchu 300
Ta iw a n

Czech s.r.o.
Modranská 621
143 01 Praha 4 - Modrany
Ceská Republika

Columbusvej
2860 Soeborg
Denmark

Malminkaari 10
00700 Helsinki
Finland

1 rue des Vergers
Bat. 1 / C
69760 Limonest
France

Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146
Wuerselen
Germany

48, Zoldlomb Str.
H-1025, Budapest
Hungary

43, Dostyk ave.,Office 414
Dostyk Business Centre
050010, Almaty
Republic of Kazakhstan

1130 N. Miller St.
Anaheim
CA 92806-2001
U.S.A.

Nils Hansens vei 13
0667 Oslo
Norway

8 Customer Support

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

METHOD

LOCATION

POLAND

RUSSIA

SPAIN

SWEDEN

UKRAINE

UNITED KINGDOM

A. “+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call.

SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE

SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE

[e-mail] [phone] www.pl.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications

[phone]

http://zyxel.ru/support [phone] www.zyxel.ru ZyXEL Russia

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.es ZyXEL Communications

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.ua.zyxel.com ZyXEL Ukraine

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone]

08707 555779 (UK only)

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.zyxel.co.uk

A

WEB SITE

REGULAR MAIL

ul.Emilli Plater 53
00-113 Warszawa
Poland

Ostrovityanova 37a Str.
Moscow, 117279
Russia

Arte, 21 5ª planta
28033 Madrid
Spain

Sjöporten 4, 41764 Göteborg
Sweden

13, Pimonenko Str.
Kiev, 04050
Ukraine

www.zyxel.co.uk ZyXEL Communications UK

Ltd.,11 The Courtyard,
Eastern Road, Bracknell,
Berkshire, RG12 2XB,
United Kingdom (UK)

Customer Support 9

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

10 Customer Support

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Table of Contents

Copyright ..................................................................................................................3

Certifications ............................................................................................................4

Safety Warnings ....................................................................................................... 6

ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 7

Customer Support.................................................................................................... 8

Table of Contents ................................................................................................... 11

List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 23

List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 29

Preface ....................................................................................................................33

Chapter 1

Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device................................................................... 35

1.1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device ............................................................................35

1.2 Features .............................................................................................................36

1.2.1 Wireless Features (Wireless Devices Only) .............................................38

1.3 Applications for the ZyXEL Device .....................................................................39

1.3.1 Protected Internet Access .........................................................................39

1.3.2 LAN to LAN Application ............................................................................40

1.4 Front Panel LEDs ...............................................................................................40

1.5 Hardware Connection ........................................................................................41

1.6 Splitters and Microfilters .....................................................................................41

1.6.1 Connecting a POTS Splitter ......................................................................42

1.6.2 Telephone Microfilters ...............................................................................42

Chapter 2

Introducing the Web Configurator........................................................................ 45

2.1 Web Configurator Overview ...............................................................................45

2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ........................................................................45

2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device ..............................................................................47

2.3.1 Using the Reset Button .............................................................................47

2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator .......................................................................47

2.4.1 Navigation Panel .......................................................................................47

2.4.2 Status Screen ..........................................................................................51

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P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table ..................................................................................53

2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status (Wireless devices only) ..........................................54

2.4.5 Status: VPN Status ...................................................................................54

2.4.6 Status: Bandwidth Status ..........................................................................55

2.4.7 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................56

2.4.8 Changing Login Password .......................................................................57

Chapter 3

Wizards ................................................................................................................... 59

3.1 Internet Setup Wizard ........................................................................................60

3.1.1 Automatic Detection ..................................................................................60

3.1.2 Manual Configuration ................................................................................61

3.1.2.1 Screen 1 ..........................................................................................61

3.1.2.2 Screen 2 ..........................................................................................61

3.1.2.3 Screen 3 ..........................................................................................62

3.1.3 No DSL Detection .....................................................................................65

3.2 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup (wireless devices only) ..............................66

3.2.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key .............................................................69

3.2.2 Manually assign a WEP key .....................................................................69

3.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard ........................................................................72

3.3.1 Screen 1 ...................................................................................................73

3.3.2 Screen 2 ...................................................................................................74

3.3.3 Screen 3 ...................................................................................................75

Chapter 4

WAN Setup.............................................................................................................. 77

4.1 WAN Overview ..................................................................................................77

4.1.1 Encapsulation ...........................................................................................77

4.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP .................................................................................77

4.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet ..........................................................................77

4.1.1.3 PPPoA .............................................................................................78

4.1.1.4 RFC 1483 ........................................................................................78

4.1.2 Multiplexing ...............................................................................................78

4.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing ....................................................................78

4.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing ...................................................................78

4.1.3 VPI and VCI ..............................................................................................78

4.1.4 IP Address Assignment ............................................................................79

4.1.4.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation .....................79

4.1.4.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation .................................79

4.1.4.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation ..........................79

4.1.5 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ....................................................................79

4.1.6 NAT ...........................................................................................................79

4.2 Metric ................................................................................................................80

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P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

4.3 Traffic Shaping ...................................................................................................80

4.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes ..................................................................................81

4.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR) .................................................................81

4.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ...................................................................81

4.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) .............................................................82

4.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access ....................................................................82

4.5 Internet Connection ...........................................................................................82

4.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection ..............................................84

4.6 Configuring More Connections ...........................................................................86

4.6.1 More Connections Edit ............................................................................87

4.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup ......................................90

4.7 Traffic Redirect ...................................................................................................91

4.8 Configuring WAN Backup ..................................................................................92

Chapter 5

LAN Setup............................................................................................................... 95

5.1 LAN Overview ...................................................................................................95

5.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device ........................................................95

5.1.2 DHCP Setup .............................................................................................96

5.1.2.1 IP Pool Setup ..................................................................................96

5.1.3 DNS Server Address ................................................................................96

5.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment .............................................................97

5.2 LAN TCP/IP ........................................................................................................97

5.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask ...................................................................97

5.2.1.1 Private IP Addresses .......................................................................98

5.2.2 RIP Setup .................................................................................................98

5.2.3 Multicast ....................................................................................................99

5.2.4 Any IP .......................................................................................................99

5.2.4.1 How Any IP Works ........................................................................100

5.3 Configuring LAN IP ..........................................................................................101

5.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup ..........................................................101

5.4 DHCP Setup .....................................................................................................103

5.5 LAN Client List .................................................................................................104

5.6 LAN IP Alias .....................................................................................................106

Chapter 6

Wireless LAN ........................................................................................................ 109

6.1 Wireless Network Overview .............................................................................109

6.2 Wireless Security Overview .............................................................................110

6.2.1 SSID ....................................................................................................... 110

6.2.2 MAC Address Filter .................................................................................110

6.2.3 User Authentication ................................................................................110

6.2.4 Encryption ............................................................................................... 111

Table of Contents 13

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

6.2.5 One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology (OTIST) ............................... 112

6.3 Wireless Performance Overview ......................................................................112

6.3.1 Quality of Service (QoS) ......................................................................... 112

6.4 General Wireless LAN Screen ........................................................................112

6.4.1 No Security .............................................................................................114

6.4.2 WEP Encryption ...................................................................................... 114

6.4.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ............................................................................ 115

6.4.4 WPA/WPA2 ............................................................................................. 117

6.4.5 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup ...............................................................119

6.5 OTIST ...............................................................................................................120

6.5.1 Enabling OTIST ......................................................................................120

6.5.1.1 AP .................................................................................................121

6.5.1.2 Wireless Client ..............................................................................122

6.5.2 Starting OTIST ........................................................................................123

6.5.3 Notes on OTIST ......................................................................................123

6.6 MAC Filter ...................................................................................................124

6.7 WMM QoS ........................................................................................................126

6.7.1 WMM QoS Example ...............................................................................126

6.7.2 WMM QoS Priorities ...............................................................................126

6.7.3 Services ..................................................................................................127

6.8 QoS Screen ......................................................................................................128

6.8.1 ToS (Type of Service) and WMM QoS ....................................................129

6.8.2 Application Priority Configuration ............................................................130

Chapter 7

Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens.................................................... 133

7.1 NAT Overview .................................................................................................133

7.1.1 NAT Definitions .......................................................................................133

7.1.2 What NAT Does ......................................................................................134

7.1.3 How NAT Works .....................................................................................134

7.1.4 NAT Application ......................................................................................135

7.1.5 NAT Mapping Types ...............................................................................135

7.2 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ..........................................................136

7.3 NAT General Setup .........................................................................................136

7.4 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................137

7.4.1 Default Server IP Address ......................................................................138

7.4.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers ........................................138

7.4.3 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example) ........................138

7.5 Configuring Port Forwarding ...........................................................................139

7.5.1 Port Forwarding Rule Edit ......................................................................140

7.6 Address Mapping ............................................................................................141

7.6.1 Address Mapping Rule Edit ...................................................................143

14 Table of Contents

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Chapter 8

Firewalls................................................................................................................ 145

8.1 Firewall Overview ............................................................................................145

8.2 Types of Firewalls ............................................................................................145

8.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls ........................................................................145

8.2.2 Application-level Firewalls ......................................................................146

8.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls ...................................................................146

8.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall .......................................................................146

8.3.1 Denial of Service Attacks ........................................................................147

8.4 Denial of Service ..............................................................................................147

8.4.1 Basics .....................................................................................................147

8.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks .............................................................................148

8.4.2.1 ICMP Vulnerability ........................................................................150

8.4.2.2 Illegal Commands (NetBIOS and SMTP) ......................................150

8.4.2.3 Traceroute .....................................................................................151

8.5 Stateful Inspection ............................................................................................151

8.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process ....................................................................152

8.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the ZyXEL Device ..............................................152

8.5.3 TCP Security ...........................................................................................153

8.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security ................................................................................153

8.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ............................................................................154

8.6 Guidelines for Enhancing Security with Your Firewall ......................................154

8.6.1 Security In General .................................................................................154

8.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall ..............................................................................155

8.7.1 Packet Filtering: ......................................................................................155

8.7.1.1 When To Use Filtering ...................................................................156

8.7.2 Firewall ...................................................................................................156

8.7.2.1 When To Use The Firewall ............................................................156

Chapter 9

Firewall Configuration ......................................................................................... 157

9.1 Access Methods ...............................................................................................157

9.2 Firewall Policies Overview ...............................................................................157

9.3 Rule Logic Overview ........................................................................................158

9.3.1 Rule Checklist .........................................................................................158

9.3.2 Security Ramifications ............................................................................158

9.3.3 Key Fields For Configuring Rules ...........................................................159

9.3.3.1 Action ............................................................................................159

9.3.3.2 Service ..........................................................................................159

9.3.3.3 Source Address .............................................................................159

9.3.3.4 Destination Address ......................................................................159

9.4 Connection Direction ........................................................................................159

9.4.1 LAN to WAN Rules .................................................................................160

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P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

9.4.2 Alerts .......................................................................................................160

9.5 Triangle Route ..................................................................................................160

9.5.1 The “Triangle Route” Problem ................................................................160

9.5.2 Solving the “Triangle Route” Problem .....................................................161

9.6 General Firewall Policy .................................................................................162

9.7 Firewall Rules Summary .................................................................................163

9.7.1 Configuring Firewall Rules ....................................................................164

9.7.2 Customized Services .............................................................................167

9.7.3 Configuring A Customized Service ........................................................168

9.8 Example Firewall Rule .....................................................................................168

9.9 Predefined Services .........................................................................................172

9.10 Anti-Probing ...................................................................................................174

9.11 DoS Thresholds .............................................................................................175

9.11.1 Threshold Values ..................................................................................175

9.11.2 Half-Open Sessions ..............................................................................176

9.11.2.1 TCP Maximum Incomplete and Blocking Time ............................176

9.11.3 Configuring Firewall Thresholds ...........................................................177

Chapter 10

Trend Micro Security Services ............................................................................ 179

10.1 Trend Micro Security Services Overview .......................................................179

10.1.1 TMSS Web Page ..................................................................................179

10.2 Configuring TMSS on the ZyXEL Device .......................................................182

10.2.1 General TMSS Settings ........................................................................182

10.2.2 TMSS Exception List ............................................................................184

10.3 TMSS Virus Protection ...................................................................................185

10.4 Parental Controls ...........................................................................................186

10.4.1 Parental Controls Statistics ...................................................................188

10.5 ActiveX Controls in Internet Explorer .............................................................189

Chapter 11

Content Filtering .................................................................................................. 193

11.1 Content Filtering Overview ............................................................................193

11.2 Configuring Keyword Blocking ......................................................................193

11.3 Configuring the Schedule ..............................................................................194

11.4 Configuring Trusted Computers ....................................................................195

Chapter 12

Introduction to IPSec ........................................................................................... 197

12.1 VPN Overview ................................................................................................197

12.1.1 IPSec ....................................................................................................197

12.1.2 Security Association .............................................................................197

12.1.3 Other Terminology ................................................................................197

16 Table of Contents

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

12.1.3.1 Encryption ...................................................................................197

12.1.3.2 Data Confidentiality .....................................................................198

12.1.3.3 Data Integrity ...............................................................................198

12.1.3.4 Data Origin Authentication ..........................................................198

12.1.4 VPN Applications ..................................................................................198

12.2 IPSec Architecture .........................................................................................199

12.2.1 IPSec Algorithms ..................................................................................199

12.2.2 Key Management ..................................................................................199

12.3 Encapsulation .................................................................................................199

12.3.1 Transport Mode ....................................................................................200

12.3.2 Tunnel Mode ........................................................................................200

12.4 IPSec and NAT ...............................................................................................200

Chapter 13

VPN Screens......................................................................................................... 203

13.1 VPN/IPSec Overview .....................................................................................203

13.2 IPSec Algorithms ............................................................................................203

13.2.1 AH (Authentication Header) Protocol ....................................................203

13.2.2 ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) Protocol ..................................203

13.3 My IP Address ................................................................................................204

13.4 Secure Gateway Address ..............................................................................205

13.4.1 Dynamic Secure Gateway Address ......................................................205

13.5 VPN Setup Screen .........................................................................................205

13.6 Keep Alive ......................................................................................................207

13.7 VPN, NAT, and NAT Traversal .......................................................................207

13.8 Remote DNS Server ......................................................................................208

13.9 ID Type and Content ......................................................................................209

13.9.1 ID Type and Content Examples ............................................................210

13.10 Pre-Shared Key ............................................................................................211

13.11 Editing VPN Policies ..................................................................................... 211

13.12 IKE Phases ..................................................................................................216

13.12.1 Negotiation Mode ................................................................................217

13.12.2 Diffie-Hellman (DH) Key Groups .........................................................218

13.12.3 Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) .........................................................218

13.13 Configuring Advanced IKE Settings .............................................................218

13.14 Manual Key Setup ........................................................................................221

13.14.1 Security Parameter Index (SPI) .........................................................221

13.15 Configuring Manual Key ...............................................................................221

13.16 Viewing SA Monitor ......................................................................................224

13.17 Configuring Global Setting ...........................................................................225

13.18 Telecommuter VPN/IPSec Examples ...........................................................226

13.18.1 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example ..............................226

13.18.2 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example ...........................227

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P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

13.19 VPN and Remote Management ...................................................................229

Chapter 14

Static Route .......................................................................................................... 231

14.1 Static Route .................................................................................................231

14.2 Configuring Static Route ...............................................................................231

14.2.1 Static Route Edit .................................................................................232

Chapter 15

Bandwidth Management...................................................................................... 235

15.1 Bandwidth Management Overview ...............................................................235

15.2 Application-based Bandwidth Management ...................................................235

15.3 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .........................................................235

15.4 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management ...............................236

15.5 Scheduler .......................................................................................................236

15.5.1 Priority-based Scheduler ......................................................................236

15.5.2 Fairness-based Scheduler ....................................................................237

15.6 Maximize Bandwidth Usage ...........................................................................237

15.6.1 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-Bandwidth Class Traffic ........................237

15.6.2 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ..................................................238

15.6.2.1 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth 238

15.6.2.2 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth ...

15.6.3 Over Allotment of Bandwidth ................................................................239

15.6.4 Bandwidth Management Priorities ........................................................240

15.7 Configuring Summary ...................................................................................240

15.8 Bandwidth Management Rule Setup ............................................................241

15.8.1 Rule Configuration ................................................................................243

15.9 Bandwidth Monitor ........................................................................................245

239

Chapter 16

Dynamic DNS Setup............................................................................................. 247

16.1 Dynamic DNS Overview ................................................................................247

16.1.1 DYNDNS Wildcard ................................................................................247

16.2 Configuring Dynamic DNS ............................................................................247

Chapter 17

Remote Management Configuration .................................................................. 251

17.1 Remote Management Overview ....................................................................251

17.1.1 Remote Management Limitations .........................................................251

17.1.2 Remote Management and NAT ............................................................252

17.1.3 System Timeout ....................................................................................252

17.2 WWW .............................................................................................................252

18 Table of Contents

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

17.3 Telnet ..............................................................................................................253

17.4 Configuring Telnet ..........................................................................................253

17.5 Configuring FTP ............................................................................................254

17.6 SNMP .............................................................................................................255

17.6.1 Supported MIBs ....................................................................................256

17.6.2 SNMP Traps .........................................................................................257

17.6.3 Configuring SNMP ................................................................................257

17.7 Configuring DNS ...........................................................................................259

17.8 Configuring ICMP ...........................................................................................259

17.9 TR-069 (P-661H Only) ...................................................................................261

Chapter 18

Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ......................................................................... 263

18.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play .............................................................263

18.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ........................................................263

18.1.2 NAT Traversal .......................................................................................263

18.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ..............................................................................264

18.2 UPnP and ZyXEL ...........................................................................................264

18.2.1 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................264

18.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example ............................................................265

18.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ...........................................................268

Chapter 19

System .................................................................................................................. 275

19.1 General Setup ................................................................................................275

19.1.1 General Setup and System Name ........................................................275

19.1.2 General Setup ......................................................................................275

19.2 Time Setting ..................................................................................................277

Chapter 20

Logs ...................................................................................................................... 281

20.1 Logs Overview ..............................................................................................281

20.1.1 Alerts and Logs .....................................................................................281

20.2 Viewing the Logs ............................................................................................281

20.3 Configuring Log Settings ...............................................................................282

Chapter 21

Tools ...................................................................................................................... 285

21.1 Firmware Upgrade ........................................................................................285

21.2 Configuration .................................................................................................287

21.3 Restart ............................................................................................................289

Table of Contents 19

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Chapter 22

Diagnostic............................................................................................................. 291

22.1 General Diagnostic ........................................................................................291

22.2 DSL Line Diagnostic .....................................................................................292

Chapter 23

Troubleshooting ................................................................................................... 293

23.1 Problems Starting Up the ZyXEL Device .......................................................293

23.2 Problems with the LAN ...................................................................................293

23.3 Problems with the WAN .................................................................................294

23.4 Problems Accessing the ZyXEL Device .........................................................295

Appendix A

Product Specifications ........................................................................................ 297

Appendix B

About ADSL .......................................................................................................... 301

Introduction to DSL ................................................................................................ 301

ADSL Overview...................................................................................................... 301

Advantages of ADSL.............................................................................................. 301

Appendix C

Wall-mounting Instructions................................................................................. 303

Appendix D

Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address............................................................ 305

Windows 95/98/Me................................................................................................. 305

Windows 2000/NT/XP ............................................................................................ 308

Macintosh OS X ..................................................................................................... 313

Linux....................................................................................................................... 315

Appendix E

IP Subnetting ........................................................................................................ 319

IP Addressing......................................................................................................... 319

IP Classes .............................................................................................................. 319

Subnet Masks ........................................................................................................ 320

Subnetting .............................................................................................................. 320

Example: Two Subnets .......................................................................................... 321

Example: Four Subnets.......................................................................................... 323

Example Eight Subnets.......................................................................................... 324

Subnetting With Class A and Class B Networks. ................................................... 325

Appendix F

20 Table of Contents

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Command Interpreter........................................................................................... 327

Command Syntax................................................................................................... 327

Command Usage ................................................................................................... 327

Appendix G

Firewall Commands ............................................................................................. 329

Appendix H

NetBIOS Filter Commands .................................................................................. 335

Introduction ............................................................................................................ 335

Display NetBIOS Filter Settings ............................................................................. 335

NetBIOS Filter Configuration.................................................................................. 336

Appendix I

PPPoE ................................................................................................................... 337

PPPoE in Action..................................................................................................... 337

Benefits of PPPoE.................................................................................................. 337

Traditional Dial-up Scenario................................................................................... 337

How PPPoE Works ................................................................................................ 338

ZyXEL Device as a PPPoE Client.......................................................................... 338

Appendix J

Log Descriptions.................................................................................................. 339

Log Commands...................................................................................................... 353

Log Command Example......................................................................................... 354

Appendix K

Wireless LANs (wireless devices only).............................................................. 355

Wireless LAN Topologies ....................................................................................... 355

Channel.................................................................................................................. 357

RTS/CTS................................................................................................................ 357

Fragmentation Threshold ....................................................................................... 358

Preamble Type....................................................................................................... 359

IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN .................................................................................. 359

Wireless Security Overview ................................................................................... 360

IEEE 802.1x ........................................................................................................... 360

RADIUS.................................................................................................................. 361

Types of Authentication.......................................................................................... 362

Dynamic WEP Key Exchange................................................................................ 363

WPA and WPA2 ..................................................................................................... 364

Security Parameters Summary .............................................................................. 367

Table of Contents 21

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Appendix L

Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ..................................... 369

Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers ......................................................................... 369

Java Permissions ................................................................................................... 374

Index...................................................................................................................... 377

22 Table of Contents

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

List of Figures

Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications ................................................................ 40

Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example ......................................................................... 40

Figure 3 Front Panel ...........................................................................................................40

Figure 4 Connecting a POTS Splitter .................................................................................. 42

Figure 5 Connecting a Microfilter ........................................................................................ 43

Figure 6 Password Screen .................................................................................................. 46

Figure 7 Change Password at Login ................................................................................... 46

Figure 8 Select a Mode ....................................................................................................... 47

Figure 9 Web Configurator: Main Screen ........................................................................... 48

Figure 10 Status Screen ...................................................................................................... 51

Figure 11 Status: Any IP Table ............................................................................................ 53

Figure 12 Status: WLAN Status ........................................................................................... 54

Figure 13 Status: VPN Status .............................................................................................. 55

Figure 14 Status: Bandwidth Status .................................................................................... 55

Figure 15 Status: Packet Statistics ...................................................................................... 56

Figure 16 System General .................................................................................................. 58

Figure 17 Wizard Main Screen ............................................................................................ 59

Figure 18 Internet Setup Wizard: Connection Test ............................................................. 60

Figure 19 Internet Setup Wizard: Automatic Detection ....................................................... 60

Figure 20 Internet Setup Wizard: Manual Configuration ..................................................... 61

Figure 21 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ................................................. 61

Figure 22 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (Ethernet) ............................................. 62

Figure 23 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoE) ............................................... 63

Figure 24 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (RFC1483 + Routing Mode) ................. 64

Figure 25 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoA) ............................................... 65

Figure 26 Internet Setup Wizard: No DSL Connection ....................................................... 66

Figure 27 Connection Test Successful ................................................................................ 66

Figure 28 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ............................................................................. 67

Figure 29 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ............................................................................. 68

Figure 30 Manually assign a WPA key ................................................................................ 69

Figure 31 Manually assign a WEP key ............................................................................... 70

Figure 32 Wireless LAN Setup: Apply ................................................................................. 71

Figure 33 Internet Setup Wizard: Summary Screen ........................................................... 71

Figure 34 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ....................................... 73

Figure 35 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration .................................................. 74

Figure 36 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete ........................................................ 75

Figure 37 Example of Traffic Shaping ................................................................................. 81

Figure 38 Internet Connection (PPPoE) .............................................................................. 83

List of Figures 23

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Figure 39 Advanced Internet Connection ............................................................................ 85

Figure 40 More Connections ............................................................................................... 87

Figure 41 More Connections Edit ........................................................................................ 88

Figure 42 More Connections Advanced Setup ................................................................... 90

Figure 43 Traffic Redirect Example ..................................................................................... 91

Figure 44 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ................................................................................. 92

Figure 45 WAN Backup Setup ............................................................................................ 93

Figure 46 LAN and WAN IP Addresses .............................................................................. 95

Figure 47 Any IP Example .................................................................................................. 100

Figure 48 LAN IP ................................................................................................................. 101

Figure 49 Advanced LAN Setup .......................................................................................... 102

Figure 50 DHCP Setup ....................................................................................................... 103

Figure 51 LAN Client List .................................................................................................... 105

Figure 52 Physical Network & Partitioned Logical Networks .............................................. 106

Figure 53 LAN IP Alias ........................................................................................................ 106

Figure 54 Wireless LAN: General ...................................................................................... 113

Figure 55 Wireless: No Security .......................................................................................... 114

Figure 56 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ........................................................................ 115

Figure 57 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ......................................................................... 116

Figure 58 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 ......................................................................................... 117

Figure 59 Wireless LAN: Advanced .................................................................................... 119

Figure 60 Wireless LAN: OTIST .......................................................................................... 121

Figure 61 Example Wireless Client OTIST Screen ............................................................. 122

Figure 62 Security Key ........................................................................................................ 123

Figure 63 OTIST in Progress (AP) ...................................................................................... 123

Figure 64 OTIST in Progress (Client) .................................................................................. 123

Figure 65 No AP with OTIST Found ................................................................................... 123

Figure 66 Start OTIST? ....................................................................................................... 124

Figure 67 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................. 125

Figure 68 Wireless LAN: QoS ............................................................................................. 129

Figure 69 Application Priority Configuration ........................................................................ 130

Figure 70 How NAT Works .................................................................................................. 134

Figure 71 NAT Application With IP Alias ............................................................................. 135

Figure 72 NAT General ....................................................................................................... 137

Figure 73 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ............................................................... 139

Figure 74 Port Forwarding .................................................................................................. 139

Figure 75 Port Forwarding Rule Setup ............................................................................... 140

Figure 76 Address Mapping Rules ...................................................................................... 142

Figure 77 Edit Address Mapping Rule ............................................................................... 143

Figure 78 ZyXEL Device Firewall Application ..................................................................... 147

Figure 79 Three-Way Handshake ....................................................................................... 148

Figure 80 SYN Flood ........................................................................................................... 149

Figure 81 Smurf Attack ....................................................................................................... 150

24 List of Figures

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Figure 82 Stateful Inspection ............................................................................................... 151

Figure 83 Ideal Firewall Setup ............................................................................................ 160

Figure 84 “Triangle Route” Problem .................................................................................... 161

Figure 85 IP Alias ................................................................................................................ 161

Figure 86 Firewall: General ................................................................................................. 162

Figure 87 Firewall Rules .................................................................................................... 163

Figure 88 Firewall: Edit Rule ............................................................................................... 165

Figure 89 Firewall: Customized Services ............................................................................ 167

Figure 90 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ........................................................... 168

Figure 91 Firewall Example: Rules ..................................................................................... 169

Figure 92 Edit Custom Port Example .................................................................................. 169

Figure 93 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Destination Address ............................................. 170

Figure 94 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Select Customized Services ................................. 171

Figure 95 Firewall Example: Rules: MyService .................................................................. 172

Figure 96 Firewall: Anti Probing .......................................................................................... 174

Figure 97 Firewall: Threshold .............................................................................................. 177

Figure 98 TMSS First Time Access ..................................................................................... 179

Figure 99 Download ActiveX to View TMSS Web Page ..................................................... 180

Figure 100 TMSS Web Page (Dashboard) ......................................................................... 180

Figure 101 TMSS Service Summary ................................................................................... 180

Figure 102 TMSS 3 Steps ................................................................................................... 181

Figure 103 TMSS Registration Form .................................................................................. 181

Figure 104 Example TMSS Activated Service Summary Screen ....................................... 182

Figure 105 Example TMSS Activated Parental Controls Screen ........................................ 182

Figure 106 General TMSS Settings .................................................................................... 183

Figure 107 TMSS Exception List ......................................................................................... 184

Figure 108 Virus Protection ................................................................................................. 185

Figure 109 No Parental Controls License ........................................................................... 186

Figure 110 Parental Controls .............................................................................................. 187

Figure 111 Parental Controls Statistics ................................................................................ 189

Figure 112 Internet Options Security ................................................................................... 190

Figure 113 Security Setting ActiveX Controls ..................................................................... 191

Figure 114 Content Filter: Keyword ..................................................................................... 193

Figure 115 Content Filter: Schedule .................................................................................... 194

Figure 116 Content Filter: Trusted ....................................................................................... 195

Figure 117 Encryption and Decryption ................................................................................ 198

Figure 118 IPSec Architecture ............................................................................................ 199

Figure 119 Transport and Tunnel Mode IPSec Encapsulation ............................................ 200

Figure 120 IPSec Summary Fields ..................................................................................... 205

Figure 121 VPN Setup ........................................................................................................ 206

Figure 122 NAT Router Between IPSec Routers ................................................................ 208

Figure 123 VPN Host using Intranet DNS Server Example ................................................ 209

Figure 124 Edit VPN Policies ............................................................................................. 212

List of Figures 25

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Figure 125 Two Phases to Set Up the IPSec SA ................................................................ 216

Figure 126 Advanced VPN Policies .................................................................................... 219

Figure 127 VPN: Manual Key .............................................................................................. 222

Figure 128 VPN: SA Monitor ............................................................................................... 225

Figure 129 VPN: Global Setting .......................................................................................... 226

Figure 130 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example ............................................. 227

Figure 131 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example ......................................... 228

Figure 132 Example of Static Routing Topology ................................................................. 231

Figure 133 Static Route ....................................................................................................... 232

Figure 134 Static Route Edit ............................................................................................... 233

Figure 135 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ............................................. 236

Figure 136 Bandwidth Management: Summary .................................................................. 240

Figure 137 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ............................................................... 242

Figure 138 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration .................................................... 243

Figure 139 Bandwidth Management: Monitor .................................................................... 245

Figure 140 Dynamic DNS ................................................................................................... 248

Figure 141 Remote Management: WWW ........................................................................... 252

Figure 142 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ....................................................... 253

Figure 143 Remote Management: Telnet ............................................................................ 254

Figure 144 Remote Management: FTP ............................................................................... 255

Figure 145 SNMP Management Model ............................................................................... 256

Figure 146 Remote Management: SNMP ........................................................................... 258

Figure 147 Remote Management: DNS .............................................................................. 259

Figure 148 Remote Management: ICMP ............................................................................ 260

Figure 149 Enabling TR-069 .............................................................................................. 261

Figure 150 Configuring UPnP ............................................................................................. 264

Figure 151 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ............................... 266

Figure 152 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components ........ 266

Figure 153 Network Connections ........................................................................................ 267

Figure 154 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard ........................................ 267

Figure 155 Networking Services ......................................................................................... 268

Figure 156 Network Connections ........................................................................................ 269

Figure 157 Internet Connection Properties ........................................................................ 270

Figure 158 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ......................................... 271

Figure 159 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add ................................. 271

Figure 160 System Tray Icon .............................................................................................. 272

Figure 161 Internet Connection Status ................................................................................ 272

Figure 162 Network Connections ........................................................................................ 273

Figure 163 Network Connections: My Network Places ....................................................... 274

Figure 164 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ..................... 274

Figure 165 System General Setup ...................................................................................... 276

Figure 166 System Time Setting ......................................................................................... 277

Figure 167 View Log ........................................................................................................... 281

26 List of Figures

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Figure 168 Log Settings ...................................................................................................... 283

Figure 169 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................ 285

Figure 170 Firmware Upload In Progress ........................................................................... 286

Figure 171 Network Temporarily Disconnected .................................................................. 286

Figure 172 Error Message .................................................................................................. 287

Figure 173 Configuration ..................................................................................................... 287

Figure 174 Configuration Upload Successful ...................................................................... 288

Figure 175 Network Temporarily Disconnected .................................................................. 289

Figure 176 Configuration Upload Error ............................................................................... 289

Figure 177 Restart Screen .................................................................................................. 289

Figure 178 Diagnostic: General .......................................................................................... 291

Figure 179 Diagnostic: DSL Line ........................................................................................ 292

Figure 180 Wall-mounting Example .................................................................................... 303

Figure 181 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ..................................................... 306

Figure 182 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address ......................................... 307

Figure 183 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration ............................ 308

Figure 184 Windows XP: Start Menu .................................................................................. 309

Figure 185 Windows XP: Control Panel .............................................................................. 309

Figure 186 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ....................... 310

Figure 187 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties .............................................. 310

Figure 188 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ......................................... 311

Figure 189 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties ...................................................... 312

Figure 190 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ......................................... 313

Figure 191 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ........................................................................... 314

Figure 192 Macintosh OS X: Network ................................................................................. 314

Figure 193 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices ........................................ 315

Figure 194 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General .................................................. 316

Figure 195 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS ............................................. 316

Figure 196 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate ........................................ 317

Figure 197 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ............................... 317

Figure 198 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 .................................. 318

Figure 199 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf ...................................................... 318

Figure 200 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card ................................................................. 318

Figure 201 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties ....................................................... 318

Figure 202 Single-Computer per Router Hardware Configuration ...................................... 338

Figure 203 ZyXEL Device as a PPPoE Client ..................................................................... 338

Figure 204 Displaying Log Categories Example ................................................................. 353

Figure 205 Displaying Log Parameters Example ................................................................ 353

Figure 206 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network ........................................ 355

Figure 207 Basic Service Set .............................................................................................. 356

Figure 208 Infrastructure WLAN ......................................................................................... 357

Figure 209 RTS/CTS .......................................................................................................... 358

Figure 210 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ...................................................... 366

List of Figures 27

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Figure 211 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication .............................................................................. 367

Figure 212 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................. 369

Figure 213 Internet Options ................................................................................................ 370

Figure 214 Internet Options ................................................................................................ 371

Figure 215 Pop-up Blocker Settings ................................................................................... 372

Figure 216 Internet Options ................................................................................................ 373

Figure 217 Security Settings - Java Scripting ..................................................................... 374

Figure 218 Security Settings - Java .................................................................................... 375

Figure 219 Java (Sun) ......................................................................................................... 376

28 List of Figures

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

List of Tables

Table 1 ADSL Standards .................................................................................................... 35

Table 2 Front Panel LEDs .................................................................................................. 41

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary .................................................................... 48

Table 4 Status Screen ........................................................................................................ 51

Table 5 Status: Any IP Table .............................................................................................. 53

Table 6 Status: WLAN Status ............................................................................................. 54

Table 7 Status: VPN Status ................................................................................................ 55

Table 8 Status: Packet Statistics ........................................................................................ 56

Table 9 System General: Password ................................................................................... 58

Table 10 Wizard Main Screen ............................................................................................ 59

Table 11 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters ............................................................... 62

Table 12 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (Ethernet) ............................................. 63

Table 13 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoE) ............................................... 64

Table 14 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (RFC1483 + Routing Mode) ................. 64

Table 15 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoA) ............................................... 65

Table 16 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ............................................................................. 67

Table 17 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ............................................................................. 68

Table 18 Manually assign a WPA key ................................................................................ 69

Table 19 Manually assign a WEP key ................................................................................ 70

Table 20 Internet Setup Wizard: Summary ........................................................................ 71

Table 21 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services ................................................. 72

Table 22 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................ 74

Table 23 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration .................................................. 75

Table 24 Internet Connection ............................................................................................. 83

Table 25 Advanced Internet Connection ............................................................................ 85

Table 26 More Connections ............................................................................................... 87

Table 27 More Connections Edit ........................................................................................ 88

Table 28 More Connections Advanced Setup .................................................................... 90

Table 29 WAN Backup Setup ............................................................................................. 93

Table 30 LAN IP ................................................................................................................. 101

Table 31 Advanced LAN Setup .......................................................................................... 102

Table 32 DHCP Setup ........................................................................................................ 104

Table 33 LAN Client List ..................................................................................................... 105

Table 34 LAN IP Alias ........................................................................................................ 107

Table 35 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication .......................................... 111

Table 36 Wireless LAN: General ........................................................................................ 113

Table 37 Wireless: No Security .......................................................................................... 114

Table 38 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ......................................................................... 115

List of Tables 29

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Table 39 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ......................................................................... 116

Table 40 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 .......................................................................................... 118

Table 41 Wireless LAN: Advanced ..................................................................................... 119

Table 42 OTIST .................................................................................................................. 122

Table 43 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................. 125

Table 44 WMM QoS Priorities ............................................................................................ 126

Table 45 Commonly Used Services ................................................................................... 127

Table 46 Wireless LAN: QoS .............................................................................................. 129

Table 47 Application Priority Configuration ........................................................................ 130

Table 48 NAT Definitions .................................................................................................... 133

Table 49 NAT Mapping Types ............................................................................................ 136

Table 50 NAT General ........................................................................................................ 137

Table 51 Services and Port Numbers ................................................................................. 138

Table 52 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................... 140

Table 53 Port Forwarding Rule Setup ................................................................................ 141

Table 54 Address Mapping Rules ...................................................................................... 142

Table 55 Edit Address Mapping Rule ................................................................................. 143

Table 56 Common IP Ports ................................................................................................ 148

Table 57 ICMP Commands That Trigger Alerts .................................................................. 150

Table 58 Legal NetBIOS Commands ................................................................................. 150

Table 59 Legal SMTP Commands ..................................................................................... 150

Table 60 Firewall: General ................................................................................................. 162

Table 61 Firewall Rules ...................................................................................................... 164

Table 62 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................ 166

Table 63 Customized Services ........................................................................................... 167

Table 64 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ............................................................ 168

Table 65 Predefined Services ............................................................................................ 172

Table 66 Firewall: Anti Probing ........................................................................................... 175

Table 67 Firewall: Threshold .............................................................................................. 177

Table 68 General TMSS Settings ....................................................................................... 183

Table 69 TMSS Exception List ........................................................................................... 184

Table 70 Virus Protection ................................................................................................... 185

Table 71 Parental Controls ................................................................................................. 187

Table 72 Parental Controls Statistics .................................................................................. 189

Table 73 Content Filter: Keyword ....................................................................................... 194

Table 74 Content Filter: Schedule ...................................................................................... 195

Table 75 Content Filter: Trusted ......................................................................................... 195

Table 76 VPN and NAT ...................................................................................................... 201

Table 77 AH and ESP ........................................................................................................ 204

Table 78 VPN Setup ........................................................................................................... 206

Table 79 VPN and NAT ...................................................................................................... 208

Table 80 Local ID Type and Content Fields ....................................................................... 210

Table 81 Peer ID Type and Content Fields ........................................................................ 210

30 List of Tables

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Table 82 Matching ID Type and Content Configuration Example ....................................... 210

Table 83 Mismatching ID Type and Content Configuration Example ................................. 211

Table 84 Edit VPN Policies ................................................................................................. 212

Table 85 Advanced VPN Policies ....................................................................................... 219

Table 86 VPN: Manual Key ................................................................................................ 222

Table 87 VPN: SA Monitor ................................................................................................. 225

Table 88 VPN: Global Setting ............................................................................................. 226

Table 89 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example ............................................... 227

Table 90 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example ............................................ 228

Table 91 Static Route .........................................................................................................232

Table 92 Static Route Edit .................................................................................................. 233

Table 93 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ...................... 236

Table 94 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ................................................................. 238

Table 95 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ......... 238

Table 96 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ...... 239

Table 97 Over Allotment of Bandwidth Example ................................................................ 239

Table 98 Bandwidth Management Priorities ....................................................................... 240

Table 99 Media Bandwidth Management: Summary .......................................................... 240

Table 100 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ................................................................ 242

Table 101 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ..................................................... 243

Table 102 Services and Port Numbers ............................................................................... 245

Table 103 Dynamic DNS .................................................................................................... 248

Table 104 Remote Management: WWW ............................................................................ 253

Table 105 Remote Management: Telnet ............................................................................ 254

Table 106 Remote Management: FTP ............................................................................... 255

Table 107 SNMPv1 Traps .................................................................................................. 257

Table 108 SNMPv2 Traps .................................................................................................. 257

Table 109 Remote Management: SNMP ............................................................................ 258

Table 110 Remote Management: DNS ............................................................................... 259

Table 111 Remote Management: ICMP .............................................................................. 260

Table 112 TR-069 Commands ........................................................................................... 261

Table 113 Configuring UPnP .............................................................................................. 265

Table 114 System General Setup ....................................................................................... 276

Table 115 System Time Setting .......................................................................................... 278

Table 116 View Log ............................................................................................................282

Table 117 Log Settings ....................................................................................................... 283

Table 118 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................. 285

Table 119 Configuration ..................................................................................................... 287

Table 120 Diagnostic: General ........................................................................................... 291

Table 121 Diagnostic: DSL Line ......................................................................................... 292

Table 122 Troubleshooting Starting Up Your ZyXEL Device .............................................. 293

Table 123 Troubleshooting the LAN ................................................................................... 293

Table 124 Troubleshooting the WAN .................................................................................. 294

List of Tables 31

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Table 125 Troubleshooting Accessing the ZyXEL Device .................................................. 295

Table 126 Device ................................................................................................................ 297

Table 127 Firmware ............................................................................................................298

Table 128 Classes of IP Addresses ................................................................................... 319

Table 129 Allowed IP Address Range By Class ................................................................. 320

Table 130 “Natural” Masks ................................................................................................. 320

Table 131 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ..................................................................... 321

Table 132 Two Subnets Example ....................................................................................... 321

Table 133 Subnet 1 ............................................................................................................322

Table 134 Subnet 2 ............................................................................................................322

Table 135 Subnet 1 ............................................................................................................323

Table 136 Subnet 2 ............................................................................................................323

Table 137 Subnet 3 ............................................................................................................323

Table 138 Subnet 4 ............................................................................................................324

Table 139 Eight Subnets .................................................................................................... 324

Table 140 Class C Subnet Planning ................................................................................... 324

Table 141 Class B Subnet Planning ................................................................................... 325

Table 142 Firewall Commands ........................................................................................... 329

Table 143 NetBIOS Filter Default Settings ......................................................................... 336

Table 144 System Maintenance Logs ................................................................................ 339

Table 145 System Error Logs ............................................................................................. 340

Table 146 Access Control Logs .......................................................................................... 340

Table 147 TCP Reset Logs ................................................................................................ 341

Table 148 Packet Filter Logs .............................................................................................. 341

Table 149 ICMP Logs ......................................................................................................... 342

Table 150 CDR Logs .......................................................................................................... 342

Table 151 PPP Logs ........................................................................................................... 342

Table 152 UPnP Logs ........................................................................................................ 343

Table 153 Content Filtering Logs ....................................................................................... 343

Table 154 Attack Logs ........................................................................................................ 344

Table 155 IPSec Logs ........................................................................................................ 345

Table 156 IKE Logs ............................................................................................................345

Table 157 PKI Logs ............................................................................................................348

Table 158 Certificate Path Verification Failure Reason Codes ........................................... 349

Table 159 802.1X Logs ...................................................................................................... 350

Table 160 ACL Setting Notes ............................................................................................. 351

Table 161 ICMP Notes ....................................................................................................... 351

Table 162 Syslog Logs ....................................................................................................... 352

Table 163 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types ................................................................... 352

Table 164 IEEE 802.11g ..................................................................................................... 359

Table 165 Wireless Security Levels ................................................................................... 360

Table 166 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types ......................................................... 363

Table 167 Wireless Security Relational Matrix ................................................................... 367

32 List of Tables

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Preface

Congratulations on your purchase of the ZyXEL Device series ADSL 2+ gateway. The
ZyXEL Device has a 4-port switch that allows you to connect up to 4 computers to the ZyXEL
Device without purchasing a switch/hub.

Note: Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and

information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for
North American products.

About This User's Guide

This manual is designed to guide you through the configuration of your ZyXEL Device for its
various applications. The web configurator parts of this guide contain background information
on features configurable by web configurator.

Note: Use the web configurator or command interpreter interface to configure your

ZyXEL Device. Not all features can be configured through all interfaces.

Syntax Conventions

• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for
you to use one of the predefined choices.

• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma or right angle bracket (>). For
example, “In Windows, click Start, Settings, Control Panel” (or click Start > Settings

> Control Panel) means first click the Start button, then point your mouse pointer to
Settings and then click Control Panel.

• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.

• The P-661H/HW series may be referred to as the “ZyXEL Device” in this User’s Guide.

Related Documentation

• Supporting Disk

Refer to the included CD for support documents.

• Quick Start Guide

The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
connection information and instructions on getting started.

• Web Configurator Online Help

Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.

• ZyXEL Glossary and Web Site

Please refer to www.zyxel.com for an online glossary of networking terms and additional
support documentation.

Preface 33

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

User Guide Feedback

Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to [e-mail] or send regular mail to The Technical Writing
Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.

Graphics Icons Key

ZyXEL Device Computer Notebook computer

Server DSLAM Firewall

Telephone Switch Router

34 Preface

Getting To Know Your ZyXEL

This chapter describes the key features and applications of your ZyXEL Device.

1.1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device

The ZyXEL Device is an ADSL2+ gateway that allows super-fast, secure Internet access over
analog (POTS) or digital (ISDN) telephone lines (depending on your model).

In the ZyXEL Device product name, “H” denotes an integrated 4-port switch (hub) and “W”
denotes an included wireless LAN card that provides wireless connectivity.

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

CHAPTER 1

Device

Models ending in “1”, for example P-661H-D1, denote a device that works over the analog
telephone system, POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service). Models ending in “3” denote a device
that works over ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network). Models ending in “7” denote a
device that works over T-ISDN (UR-2).

Note: Only use firmware for your ZyXEL Device’s specific model. Refer to the label on

the bottom of your ZyXEL Device.

The DSL RJ-11 (ADSL over POTS models) or RJ-45 (ADSL over ISDN models) connects to
your ADSL-enabled telephone line. The ZyXEL Device is compatible with the ADSL/
ADSL2/ADSL2+ standards. Maximum data rates attainable by the ZyXEL Device for each
standard are shown in the next table.

Table 1 ADSL Standards

DATA RATE STANDARD UPSTREAM DOWNSTREAM

ADSL

ADSL2

ADSL2+

Note: The standard your ISP supports determines the maximum upstream and

downstream speeds attainable. Actual speeds attained also depend on the
distance from your ISP, line quality, etc.

832 kbps 8Mbps

3.5Mbps 12Mbps

3.5Mbps 24Mbps

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 35

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

1.2 Features

High Speed Internet Access

Your ZyXEL Device ADSL/ADSL2/ADSL2+ router can support downstream transmission
rates of up to 24Mbps and upstream transmission rates of 3.5Mbps. Actual speeds attained
depend on the ADSL service you subscribed to, distance from your ISP, line quality, etc.

Triple Play Service

The ZyXEL Device is a Triple Play Gateway, capable of simultaneously transferring data,
voice and video over the Internet. The Gateway possesses advanced Quality of Service (QoS)
features to provide a high standard of Triple Play delivery.

Zero Configuration Internet Access

Once you connect and turn on the ZyXEL Device, it automatically detects the Internet
connection settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method) from the
ISP and makes the necessary configuration changes. In cases where additional account
information (such as an Internet account user name and password) is required or the ZyXEL
Device cannot connect to the ISP, you will be redirected to web screen(s) for information input
or troubleshooting.

Any IP

The Any IP feature allows a computer to access the Internet and the ZyXEL Device without
changing the network settings (such as IP address and subnet mask) of the computer, when the
IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the same subnet.

Firewall

The ZyXEL Device is a stateful inspection firewall with DoS (Denial of Service) protection.
By default, when the firewall is activated, all incoming traffic from the WAN to the LAN is
blocked unless it is initiated from the LAN. The ZyXEL Device firewall supports TCP/UDP
inspection, DoS detection and prevention, real time alerts, reports and logs.

Content Filtering

Content filtering allows you to block access to forbidden Internet web sites, schedule when the
ZyXEL Device should perform the filtering and give trusted LAN IP addresses unfiltered
Internet access.

Traffic Redirect

Traffic redirect forwards WAN traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot
connect to the Internet, thus acting as an auxiliary if your regular WAN connection fails.

36 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Media Bandwidth Management

ZyXEL’s Media Bandwidth Management allows you to specify bandwidth classes based on an
application and/or subnet. You can allocate specific amounts of bandwidth capacity
(bandwidth budgets) to different bandwidth classes.

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

Using the standard TCP/IP protocol, the ZyXEL Device and other UPnP enabled devices can
dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address and convey its capabilities to other devices
on the network.

PPPoE (RFC2516)

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) emulates a dial-up connection. It allows your
ISP to use their existing network configuration with newer broadband technologies such as
ADSL. The PPPoE driver on the ZyXEL Device is transparent to the computers on the LAN,
which see only Ethernet and are not aware of PPPoE thus saving you from having to manage
PPPoE clients on individual computers. The ZyXEL Device also includes PPPoE idle time-out
(the PPPoE connection terminates after a period of no traffic that you configure) and PPPoE
Dial-on-Demand (the PPPoE connection is brought up only when an Internet access request is
made).

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Network Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet protocol address
used within one network (for example a private IP address used in a local network) to a
different IP address known within another network (for example a public IP address used on
the Internet).

Dynamic DNS Support

With Dynamic DNS support, you can have a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP address,
allowing the host to be more easily accessible from various locations on the Internet. You must
register for this service with a Dynamic DNS service provider.

DHCP

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows the individual clients (computers) to
obtain the TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a centralized DHCP server. The ZyXEL
Device has built-in DHCP server capability enabled by default. It can assign IP addresses, an
IP default gateway and DNS servers to DHCP clients. The ZyXEL Device can also act as a
surrogate DHCP server (DHCP Relay) where it relays IP address assignment from the actual
real DHCP server to the clients.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 37

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

IP Alias

IP Alias allows you to partition a physical network into logical networks over the same
Ethernet interface. The ZyXEL Device supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single
physical Ethernet interface with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN
network.

TR-069 Compliance (P-661H Only)

TR-069 is a protocol that defines how your ZyXEL Device can be managed via a management
server such as ZyXEL’s Vantage CNM Access. The management server can securely manage
and update configuration changes in ZyXEL Devices.

Housing

Your ZyXEL Device's compact and ventilated housing minimizes space requirements making
it easy to position anywhere in your busy office.

4-port Switch

A combination of switch and router makes your ZyXEL Device a cost-effective and viable
network solution. You can connect up to four computers to the ZyXEL Device without the cost
of a hub. Use a hub to add more than four computers to your LAN.

1.2.1 Wireless Features (Wireless Devices Only)

Wireless LAN

The ZyXEL Device supports the IEEE 802.11g standard, which is fully compatible with the
IEEE 802.11b standard, meaning that you can have both IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g
wireless clients in the same wireless network.

Note: The ZyXEL Device may be prone to RF (Radio Frequency) interference from

other 2.4 GHz devices such as microwave ovens, wireless phones, Bluetooth
enabled devices, and other wireless LANs.

Wi-Fi Protected Access

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i security specification standard.
Key differences between WPA and WEP are user authentication and improved data
encryption.

WPA2

WPA 2 (IEEE 802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption,
authentication and key management than WPA.

38 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
(TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. In addition to TKIP, WPA2 also
uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining
Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption.

Antenna

The ZyXEL Device is equipped with one 3dBi fixed antenna to provide clear radio signal
between the wireless stations and the access points.

WEP Encryption

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encrypts data frames before transmitting over the wireless
network to help keep network communications private.

Output Power Management

Output power management is the ability to set the level of output power.

There may be interference or difficulty with channel assignment when there is a high density
of APs within a coverage area. In this case you can lower the output power of each access
point, thus enabling you to place access points closer together.

Wireless LAN MAC Address Filtering

Your ZyXEL Device can check the MAC addresses of wireless stations against a list of
allowed or denied MAC addresses.

1.3 Applications for the ZyXEL Device

Here are some example uses for which the ZyXEL Device is well suited.

1.3.1 Protected Internet Access

The ZyXEL Device is the ideal high-speed Internet access solution. It is compatible with all
major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) providers and supports
the ADSL standards as shown in Table 1 on page 35.

The ZyXEL Device provides protection from attacks by Internet hackers. By default, the
firewall blocks all incoming traffic from the WAN. The firewall supports TCP/UDP inspection
and DoS (Denial of Services) detection and prevention, as well as real time alerts, reports and
logs.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 39

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications

1.3.2 LAN to LAN Application

You can use the ZyXEL Device to connect two geographically dispersed networks over the
ADSL line. A typical LAN-to-LAN application example is shown as follows.

Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example

1.4 Front Panel LEDs

The following figure shows the front panel LEDs.

Figure 3 Front Panel

40 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the LEDs.

Table 2 Front Panel LEDs

LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION

POWER Green On The ZyXEL Device is receiving power and functioning

properly.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is rebooting or performing diagnostics.

Rd On Power to the ZyXEL Device is too low.

Off The system is not ready or has malfunctioned.

ETHERNET Green On The ZyXEL Device has a successful 10Mb Ethernet

connection.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Amber On The ZyXEL Device has a successful 100Mb Ethernet

connection.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Off The LAN is not connected.

WLAN
(wireless

devices only)

DSL Green On The DSL line is up.

INTERNET Green On The Internet connection is up.

Green On The ZyXEL Device is ready, but is not sending/receiving data

through the wireless LAN.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data through the

wireless LAN.

Off The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line.

Off The DSL line is down.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Off The Internet connection is down.

1.5 Hardware Connection

Refer to the Quick Start Guide for information on hardware connection.

1.6 Splitters and Microfilters

This section describes how to connect ADSL splitters and microfilters. See your Quick Start
Guide for details on other hardware connections.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 41

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

1.6.1 Connecting a POTS Splitter

When you use the Full Rate (G.dmt) ADSL standard, you can use a POTS (Plain Old
Telephone Service) splitter to separate the telephone and ADSL signals. This allows
simultaneous Internet access and telephone service on the same line. A splitter also eliminates
the destructive interference conditions caused by telephone sets.

Install the POTS splitter at the point where the telephone line enters your residence, as shown
in the following figure.

Figure 4 Connecting a POTS Splitter

1 Connect the side labeled “Phone” to your telephone.

2 Connect the side labeled “Modem” or “DSL” to your ZyXEL Device.

3 Connect the side labeled “Line” to the telephone wall jack.

1.6.2 Telephone Microfilters

Telephone voice transmissions take place in the lower frequency range, 0 - 4KHz, while
ADSL transmissions take place in the higher bandwidth range, above 4KHz. A microfilter acts
as a low-pass filter, for your telephone, to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere
with your telephone voice transmissions. The use of a telephone microfilter is optional.

1 Locate and disconnect each telephone.

2 Connect a cable from the wall jack to the “wall side” of the microfilter.

3 Connect the “phone side” of the microfilter to your telephone as shown in the following

figure.

4 After you are done, make sure that your telephone works. If your telephone does not

work, disconnect the microfilter and contact either your local telephone company or the
provider of the microfilter.

42 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

Figure 5 Connecting a Microfilter

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 43

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

44 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

Introducing the Web

This chapter describes how to access and navigate the web configurator.

2.1 Web Configurator Overview

The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy ZyXEL
Device setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or
Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768
pixels.

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

CHAPTER 2

Configurator

In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:

• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by
default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.

• JavaScripts (enabled by default).

• Java permissions (enabled by default).

See the chapter on troubleshooting if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in
Internet Explorer.

2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator

Note: Even though you can connect to the device wirelessly (wireless devices only), it

is recommended that you connect your computer to a LAN port for initial
configuration.

1 Make sure your ZyXEL Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start

Guide).

2 Prepare your computer/computer network to connect to the ZyXEL Device (refer to the

Quick Start Guide).

3 Launch your web browser.

4 Type "192.168.1.1" as the URL.

5 A window displays as shown. Enter the default admin password 1234 to configure the

wizards and the advanced features or enter the default user password user to view the

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 45

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

status only. Click Login to proceed to a screen asking you to change your password or
click Cancel to revert to the default password.

Figure 6 Password Screen

6 If you entered the user password, skip the next two steps and refer to Section 2.4.2 on

page 51 for more information about the Status screen.

7 If you entered the admin password, it is highly recommended you change the default

admin password! Enter a new password between 1 and 30 characters, retype it to confirm
and click Apply; alternatively click Ignore to proceed to the main menu if you do not
want to change the password now.

Note: If you do not change the password at least once, the following screen appears

every time you log in with the admin password.

Figure 7 Change Password at Login

8 The next screen depends on which password (admin or user) you used in step 5. Select

Go to Wizard setup, and click Apply to display the wizard main screen. Select Go to
Advanced setup or View Device Status, and click Apply to display the Status screen.
Select Change Password if you want to change the user password.

46 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

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Figure 8 Select a Mode

Note: The management session automatically times out when the time period set in

the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply
log back into the ZyXEL Device if this happens to you.

2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device

If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the
RESET button at the back of the ZyXEL Device to reload the factory-default configuration
file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password
will be reset to “1234”.

2.3.1 Using the Reset Button

1 Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).

2 Press the RESET button for ten seconds or until the POWER LED begins to blink and

then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink, the defaults have been restored
and the ZyXEL Device restarts.

2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator

We use the P-661H-D1 web screens in this guide as an example. Screens vary slightly for
different ZyXEL Device models.

2.4.1 Navigation Panel

After you enter the admin password, use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure
ZyXEL Device features. The following table describes the sub-menus.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 47

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Figure 9 Web Configurator: Main Screen

Use
submenus
to configure
ZyXEL
Device

Click the Logout icon at any time
to exit the web configurator.

Note: Click the icon (located in the top right corner of most screens) to view

embedded help.

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

Wizard INTERNET

SETUP

BANDWIDTH
MANAGEMENT
SETUP

Logout Click this icon to exit the web configurator.

Status Use this screen to look at the ZyXEL Device’s general device,

Network

WAN Internet

Connection

More Connections Use this screen to configure and place calls to a remote

WAN Backup
Setup

Use these screens for initial configuration including general
setup, ISP parameters for Internet Access and WAN IP/DNS
Server/MAC address assignment.

Use these screens to limit bandwidth usage by application or
packet size.

system and interface status information. You can also access
the summary statistics tables.

Use this screen to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address
assignment, and more advanced properties.

gateway.

Use this screen to configure your traffic redirect properties and
WAN backup settings.

48 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

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Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, enable Any

IP and other advanced properties.

DHCP Setup Use this screen to configure LAN DHCP settings.

Client List

IP Alias

Wireless LAN
(wireless devices

only)

NAT General

Security

Firewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall and the

TMSS General Use this screen to enable and disable TMSS services and

Content Filter Keyword Use this screen to block sites containing certain keywords in the

General Use this screen to configure the wireless LAN settings and

OTIST This screen allows you to assign wireless clients the ZyXEL

MAC Filter Use this screen to configure the ZyXEL Device to block access

QoS WMM QoS allows you to prioritize wireless traffic according to

Port Forwarding Use this screen to configure servers behind the ZyXEL Device.

Address Mapping Use this screen to configure network address translation

Rules This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules, and allows

Anti Probing Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.

Threshold Use this screen to configure the threshold for DoS attacks.

Exception List Use this screen to stop specific computers from using TMSS

Virus Protection Use this screen to look at the current status of anti-virus

Parental Control Use this screen to place restrictions on children’s use.

Schedule Use this screen to set the days and times for the ZyXEL Device

Trusted Use this screen to exclude a range of users on the LAN from

Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to
always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host
name).

Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets.

WLAN authentication/security settings.

Device’s wireless security settings.

to devices or block the devices from accessing the ZyXEL
Device.

the delivery requirements of the individual and applications.

Use this screen to enable NAT.

mapping rules.

direction of network traffic to which to apply the rule.

you to edit/add a firewall rule.

parental control. You can also use this screen to check for
updates regularly.

services.

software on each computer.

URL.

to perform content filtering.

content filtering on your ZyXEL Device.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 49

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

VPN Setup Use this screen to configure each VPN tunnel.

Monitor Use this screen to look at the current status of each VPN

VPN Global
Setting

Advanced

Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes.

Bandwidth
MGMT

Dynamic DNS Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.

Remote MGMT

UPnP Use this screen to enable UPnP on the ZyXEL Device.

Maintenance

System General This screen contains administrative and system-related

Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you

Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your ZyXEL Device.

Diagnostic General These screens display information to help you identify problems

Summary Use this screen to enable bandwidth management on an

Rule Setup Use this screen to define a bandwidth rule.

Monitor Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage

WWW Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

Te ln e t Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

FTP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

SNMP Use this screen to configure your ZyXEL Device’s settings for

DNS Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

ICMP Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.

Time Setting Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s time and date.

Log Settings Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s log settings.

Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset

Restart This screen allows you to reboot the ZyXEL Device without

DSL Line These screens display information to help you identify problems

tunnel.

Use this screen to allow NetBIOS traffic through VPN tunnels.

interface.

and allotments.

from which IP address(es) users can use HTTPS or HTTP to
manage the ZyXEL Device.

from which IP address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the
ZyXEL Device.

from which IP address(es) users can use FTP to access the
ZyXEL Device.

Simple Network Management Protocol management.

from which IP address(es) users can send DNS queries to the
ZyXEL Device.

information and also allows you to change your password.

selected.

the factory defaults to your ZyXEL Device.

turning the power off.

with the ZyXEL Device general connection.

with the DSL line.

50 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

2.4.2 Status Screen

The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen.
Some fields or links are not available if you entered the user password in the login password
screen (see Figure 6 on page 46).

Figure 10 Status Screen

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.

Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Refresh Interval Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all

screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh the
screen statistics.

Apply Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.

Device Information

Host Name This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance, System, General

Model Number

MAC Address This is the MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address unique to your ZyXEL

ZyNOS Firmware
Version

WAN Information

DSL Mode This is the standard that your ZyXEL Device is using.

IP Address

IP Subnet Mask

screen. It is for identification purposes.

Device.

This is the ZyNOS Firmware version and the date created. ZyNOS is ZyXEL's
proprietary Network Operating System design.

This is the WAN port IP address.

This is the WAN port IP subnet mask.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 51

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Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Default Gateway This is the IP address of the default gateway, if applicable.

VPI/VCI This is the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier that you entered in

LAN Information

IP Address This is the LAN port IP address.

IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN port IP subnet mask.

DHCP This is the WAN port DHCP role - Server, Relay or None.

WLAN Information (Wireless devices only)

SSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the ZyXEL Device in the wireless

Channel This is the channel number used by the ZyXEL Device now.

WEP This displays the status of WEP data encryption.

Security

Firewall This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s firewall is activated.

Content Filter This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s content filtering is activated.

System Status

System Uptime This is the total time the ZyXEL Device has been on.

Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.

System Mode This displays whether the ZyXEL Device is functioning as a router or a bridge.

CPU Usage This number shows how many kilobytes of the heap memory the ZyXEL Device is

Memory Usage This number shows the ZyXEL Device's total heap memory (in kilobytes).

Interface Status

Interface This displays the ZyXEL Device port types.

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're using

the Wizard or WAN screen.

LAN.

using. Heap memory refers to the memory that is not used by ZyNOS (ZyXEL
Network Operating System) and is thus available for running processes like NAT,
VPN and the firewall.

The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.

The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.

Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected), Idle
(line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're
using PPPoE encapsulation.

For the WLAN port, it displays Active when WLAN is enabled or Inactive when
WLAN is disabled.

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Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Rate For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting. Ethernet port

connections can be in half-duplex or full-duplex mode. Full-duplex refers to a
device's ability to send and receive simultaneously, while half-duplex indicates that
traffic can flow in only one direction at a time. The Ethernet port must use the same
speed or duplex mode setting as the peer Ethernet port in order to connect.
Simultaneous transmissions over the same port (Full-duplex) essentially double
the bandwidth.

For the WAN port, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate.
For the WLAN port, it displays the transmission rate when WLAN is enabled or N/A

when WLAN is disabled.

Summary

Any IP Table Use this screen to view a list of IP addresses and MAC addresses of computers,

VPN Status Use this screen to view the status of any VPN tunnels the ZyXEL Device has

Bandwidth Status Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage and allotments.

Packet Statistics Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.

WLAN Status
(wireless devices
only)

which are not in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device.

negotiated.

This screen displays the MAC address(es) of the wireless stations that are
currently associating with the ZyXEL Device.

2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table

Click the Any IP Table hyperlink in the Status screen. The Any IP table shows current read-
only information (including the IP address and the MAC address) of all network devices that
use the Any IP feature to communicate with the ZyXEL Device.

Figure 11 Status: Any IP Table

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 5 Status: Any IP Table

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of the host computer.

IP Address This field displays the IP address of the network device.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 53

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Table 5 Status: Any IP Table (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the computer with the

displayed IP address.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC address. The MAC address is assigned at

the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.

Refresh Click Refresh to update this screen.

2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status (Wireless devices only)

Click WLAN Status in the Status screen to open this screen. Use this screen to view the
wireless stations that are currently associated to the ZyXEL Device.

Figure 12 Status: WLAN Status

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 6 Status: WLAN Status

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of an associated wireless station.

MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of an associated wireless

station.

Association
Time

Refresh Click Refresh to reload this screen.

This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the ZyXEL Device.

2.4.5 Status: VPN Status

Click the VPN Status hyperlink in the Status screen. The VPN Status shows the current
status of any VPN tunnels the ZyXEL Device has negotiated.

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Figure 13 Status: VPN Status

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 7 Status: VPN Status

LABEL DESCRIPTION

No This is the security association index number.

Name This field displays the identification name for this VPN policy.

Encapsulation This field displays Tunn el or Transport mode.

IPSec
Algorithm

Disconnect Select one of the security associations, and then click Disconnect to stop that

Refresh Click Refresh to display the current active VPN connection(s).

This field displays the security protocol, encryption algorithm, and authentication
algorithm used in each SA.

security association.

2.4.6 Status: Bandwidth Status

Select the Bandwidth Status hyperlink in the Status screen. View the bandwidth usage of the
configured bandwidth rules. This is also shown as bandwidth usage over the bandwidth budget
for each rule. The gray section of the bar represents the percentage of unused bandwidth and
the orange color represents the percentage of bandwidth in use.

Figure 14 Status: Bandwidth Status

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2.4.7 Status: Packet Statistics

Click the Packet Statistics hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here
includes port status and packet specific statistics. Also provided are "system up time" and "poll
interval(s)". The Poll Interval(s) field is configurable.

Figure 15 Status: Packet Statistics

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 8 Status: Packet Statistics

LABEL DESCRIPTION

System Monitor

System up Time This is the elapsed time the system has been up.

Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.

CPU Usage This field specifies the percentage of CPU utilization.

Memory Usage This field specifies the percentage of memory utilization.

WAN Port Statistics This is the WAN or LAN port.

Link Status This is the status of your WAN link.

WAN IP Address This is the IP address assigned to your ZyXEL Device on the WAN.

Upstream Speed This is the upstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.

Downstream Speed This is the downstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.

Node-Link This field displays the remote node index number and link type. Link types are

PPPoA, ENET, RFC 1483 and PPPoE.

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Table 8 Status: Packet Statistics (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're

using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.

TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.

RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.

Errors This field displays the number of error packets on this port.

Tx B/s This field displays the number of bytes transmitted in the last second.

Rx B/s This field displays the number of bytes received in the last second.

Up Time This field displays the elapsed time this port has been up.

LAN Port Statistics

Interface This field displays the type of port.

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're

using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.

For the WLAN port (wireless devices only), it displays the transmission rate when
WLAN is enabled or N/A when WLAN is disabled.

TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.

RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.

Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port.

Poll Interval(s) Type the time interval for the browser to refresh system statistics.

Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval

field above.

Stop Click this button to halt the refreshing of the system statistics.

2.4.8 Changing Login Password

It is highly recommended that you periodically change the password for accessing the ZyXEL
Device. If you didn’t change the default one after you logged in or you want to change to a
new password again, then click Maintenance > System to display the screen as shown next.

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Figure 16 System General

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 9 System General: Password

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Old Password Type the default password or the existing password you use to access the system

New Password Type the new password in this field.

Retype to Confirm Type the new password again in this field.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

in this field.

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CHAPTER 3

Wizards

Use these screens to configure Internet access or to configure basic bandwidth management.

Note: See the advanced menu chapters for background information on these fields.

To access the wizards, click Go to Wizard setup in Figure 8 on page 47, or click the wizard
icon ( ) in the top right corner of the web configurator. The wizard main screen appears.

Figure 17 Wizard Main Screen

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 10 Wizard Main Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

INTERNET/
WIRELESS
SETUP

BANDWIDTH
MANAGEMENT
SETUP

Exit Click this to close the wizard main screen and return to the Status screen or the main

Chapter 3 Wizards 59

Click this if you want to configure Internet access and wireless network settings
(wireless devices only). See Section 3.1 on page 60.

Click this if you want to configure basic bandwidth management. See Section 3.3 on

page 72.

window.

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3.1 Internet Setup Wizard

Use these screens to configure Internet access and wireless network settings (wireless devices
only). To access this wizard, click INTERNET/WIRELESS SETUP in the wizard main
screen.

Wait while the device tries to detect your DSL connection and connection type.

Figure 18 Internet Setup Wizard: Connection Test

The next screen depends on the results.

3.1.1 Automatic Detection

The ZyXEL Device detected the DSL connection and the Internet settings.

Figure 19 Internet Setup Wizard: Automatic Detection

Click Next to continue to the next screen, or click Exit to close the wizard main screen and
return to the Status screen or the main window.

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3.1.2 Manual Configuration

The ZyXEL Device detected the DSL connection but not the Internet settings. You should
specify the Internet settings manually.

3.1.2.1 Screen 1

Figure 20 Internet Setup Wizard: Manual Configuration

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Click Back to return to the wizard main screen. Click Next to continue to the next screen.
Click Exit to close the wizard main screen and return to the Status screen or the main window.

3.1.2.2 Screen 2

This screen lets you enter some of the ISP settings for your Internet connection.

Figure 21 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters

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The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Tabl e 11 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Mode Select Routing (default) if your ISP allows multiple computers to share an Internet

account. Otherwise, select Bridge.

Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list

box. Choices vary depending on what you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or

PPPoE.

Multiplexing Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list

box either VC-based or LLC-based.

Virtual Circuit IDVPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual circuit.

VPI Enter the VPI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.

VCI Enter the VCI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.

Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen. The next wizard screen you see

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

Refer to the appendix for more information.

depends on what mode and encapsulation you selected above.

3.1.2.3 Screen 3

These screens let you enter the rest of the Internet settings, which depend on the encapsulation
your Internet connection uses (and the mode you selected, for RFC1483).

This screen appears if your Internet connection uses Ethernet encapsulation.

Figure 22 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (Ethernet)

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The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 12 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (Ethernet)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

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Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically

Stat ic IP
Address

IP Address Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP.

Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP.

Gateway IP
Address

First DNS
Server

Second DNS
Server

Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to finish manual configuration. The ZyXEL Device tries to detect the

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

Select this if you have a dynamic IP address.

Select this if you have a static (fixed) IP address, and enter the information below.

These fields appear if you select Static IP Address.

Enter the IP address of the gateway provided by your ISP. If your ISP did not provide
one, use the default value.

Enter the IP address(es) of the DNS server(s) provided by your ISP. If your ISP did not
provide one or both, use the default value(s).

connection again. See Section 3.1 on page 60.

This screen appears if your Internet connection uses PPPoE encapsulation.

Figure 23 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoE)

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The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 13 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoE)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form

user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.

Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.

Service Name Type the name of your PPPoE service here. Leave this field blank if your ISP did not

provide you a PPPoE service.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to finish manual configuration. The ZyXEL Device tries to detect the

connection again. See Section 3.1 on page 60.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

This screen appears if your Internet connection uses RFC1483 encapsulation in routing mode.

Figure 24 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (RFC1483 + Routing Mode)

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 14 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (RFC1483 + Routing Mode)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

IP Address Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to finish manual configuration. The ZyXEL Device tries to detect the

connection again. See Section 3.1 on page 60.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

This screen appears if your Internet connection uses PPPoA encapsulation.

64 Chapter 3 Wizards

Figure 25 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoA)

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

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Table 15 Internet Setup Wizard: ISP Parameters (PPPoA)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form

user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.

Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to finish manual configuration. The ZyXEL Device tries to detect the

connection again. See Section 3.1 on page 60.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

No additional screen appears if your Internet connection uses RFC1483 encapsulation in
bridge mode. In this case, the ZyXEL Device immediately tries to detect the connection again.
See Section 3.1 on page 60.

3.1.3 No DSL Detection

The ZyXEL Device cannot detect the DSL connection. Check your hardware connections.

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Figure 26 Internet Setup Wizard: No DSL Connection

Click Restart the Internet/Wireless Setup Wizard to return to the wizard main screen. Click
Next to continue to the Wireless Setup Wizard (wireless devices only), or click Exit to close
the wizard main screen and return to the Status screen or the main window.

3.2 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup (wireless devices only)

After you configure the Internet access information, use the following screens to set up your
wireless LAN.

1 Select Ye s and click Next to configure wireless settings. Otherwise, select No and skip to

Step 6.

Figure 27 Connection Test Successful

2 Use this screen to activate the wireless LAN and OTIST. Click Next to continue.

66 Chapter 3 Wizards

Figure 28 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

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Table 16 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the check box to turn on the wireless LAN.

Enable OTIST Select the check box to enable OTIST if you want to transfer your ZyXEL

Device’s SSID and WPA-PSK security settings to wireless clients that support
OTIST and are within transmission range.

You must also activate and start OTIST on the wireless client at the same time.
The process takes three minutes to complete.

Note: Enable OTIST only if your wireless clients support WPA

and OTIST

Setup Key Type an OTIST Setup Key of up to eight ASCII characters in length. Be sure to

use the same OTIST Setup Key on the ZyXEL Device and wireless clients.

Back

Next

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

Click Back to display the previous screen.

Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

3 Configure your wireless settings in this screen. Click Next.

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Figure 29 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 17 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Network
Name(SSID)

Channel
Selection

Security Select Automatically assign a WPA key (Recommended) to have the ZyXEL Device

Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless
LAN.

If you change this field on the ZyXEL Device, make sure all wireless stations use the
same SSID in order to access the network.

The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices is called a
channel. Select a channel ID that is not already in use by a neighboring device.

create a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically only if your wireless clients support
WPA and OTIST. This option is available only when you enable OTIST in the previous
wizard screen.

Select Manually assign a WPA-PSK key to configure a Pre-Shared Key (WPA-PSK).
Choose this option only if your wireless clients support WPA. See Section 3.2.1 on

page 69 for more information.

Select Manually assign a WEP key to configure a WEP Key. See Section 3.2.2 on

page 69 for more information.

Select Disable wireless security to have no wireless LAN security configured and
your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.

Note: If you enable OTIST in the previous wizard screen but select

Disable wireless security here, the ZyXEL Device still creates

a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically.

If you enable OTIST and select Manually assign a WEP key,
the ZyXEL Device will replace the WEP key with a WPA-PSK

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

68 Chapter 3 Wizards

Note: The wireless stations and ZyXEL Device must use the same SSID, channel ID

and WEP encryption key (if WEP is enabled), WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is
enabled) for wireless communication.

4 This screen varies depending on the security mode you selected in the previous screen.

Fill in the field (if available) and click Next.

3.2.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key

Choose Manually assign a WPA-PSK key in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a Pre­Shared Key.

Figure 30 Manually assign a WPA key

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The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 18 Manually assign a WPA key

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Pre-Shared
Key

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters. You can set up the most secure
wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You need to
configure an authentication server to do this.

3.2.2 Manually assign a WEP key

Choose Manually assign a WEP key to setup WEP Encryption parameters.

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Figure 31 Manually assign a WEP key

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 19 Manually assign a WEP key

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Key The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the ZyXEL Device and the wireless

stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
Enter any 5, 13 or 29 ASCII characters or 10, 26 or 58 hexadecimal characters ("0-9",

"A-F") for a 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP key respectively.

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

5 Click Apply to save your wireless LAN settings.

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Figure 32 Wireless LAN Setup: Apply

Figure 33 Internet Setup Wizard: Summary Screen

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6 Use the read-only summary table to check whether what you have configured is correct.

Click Finish to complete and save the wizard setup.The following table describes the
fields in this screen.

Table 20 Internet Setup Wizard: Summary

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Return to
Wizard Main
Page

Go to
Advanced
Setup Page

Chapter 3 Wizards 71

Click this to return to the wizard main page.

This field is displayed if you are using the admin password.
Click this to go to the main window.

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Table 20 Internet Setup Wizard: Summary (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

View Device
Status

Finish Click this to close the wizard main screen and return to the Status screen or the main

This field is displayed if you are using the user password.
Click this to go to the Status screen.

window.

Launch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. Internet access is just the
beginning. Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete range
of ZyXEL Device features. If you cannot access the Internet, open the web configurator again
to confirm that the Internet settings you configured in the wizard setup are correct.

3.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard

Use these screens to control the amount of bandwidth going out through the ZyXEL Device’s
WAN port and prioritize the distribution of the bandwidth. This helps keep one service, or
application, from using all of the available bandwidth and shutting out other services.

The following table describes the services you can select.

Table 21 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services

SERVICE DESCRIPTION

E-Mail Electronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific

groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail:
POP3 - port 110
IMAP - port 143
SMTP - port 25
HTTP - port 80

FTP File Transfer Program enables fast transfer of files, including large files that may

not be possible by e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.

NetMeeting
(H.323)

VoIP (H.323) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP.

A multimedia communications product from Microsoft that enables groups to
teleconference and videoconference over the Internet. NetMeeting supports VoIP,
text chat sessions, a whiteboard, and file transfers and application sharing.

NetMeeting uses H.323. H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that
provides audio, data and video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point
and multipoint communication between client computers over a packet-based
network that does not provide a guaranteed quality of service.

H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.

H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that provides audio, data and
video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point and multipoint
communication between client computers over a packet-based network that does
not provide a guaranteed quality of service.

H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.

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Table 21 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services (continued)

SERVICE DESCRIPTION

VoIP (SIP) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP. Session

Initiated Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized standard for implementing
VoIP. SIP is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the
setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the
Internet.

SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over TCP, using
the default port number 5060.

Telnet Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in

UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to
allow users to log into remote host systems. Telnet uses TCP port 23.

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but

uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol).

WWW The World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-

linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server
protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet;
rather, it is just one service on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include
Internet Relay Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a
browser.

To access this wizard, open the web configurator (see Section 2.2 on page 45) and click
BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT SETUP in the wizard main screen.

3.3.1 Screen 1

Activate bandwidth management and select to allocate bandwidth to packets based on the
services.

Figure 34 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information

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The following fields describe the label in this screen.

Table 22 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the Active check box to have the ZyXEL Device apply bandwidth

management to traffic going out through the ZyXEL Device’s WAN, LAN or WLAN
port.

Select Services Setup to allocate bandwidth based on the service requirements.

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

3.3.2 Screen 2

Use the second wizard screen to select the services that you want to apply bandwidth
management, and select the priorities that you want to apply to the services listed.

Figure 35 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration

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The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 23 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select an entry’s Active check box to turn on bandwidth management for the service/

application.

Service These fields display the services names.

Priority Select High, Mid or Low priority for each service to have your ZyXEL Device use a

Auto classifier
rest bandwidth

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

priority for traffic that matches that service.
A service with High priority is given as much bandwidth as it needs.
If you select services as having the same priority, then bandwidth is divided equally

amongst those services.
Services not specified in bandwidth management are allocated bandwidth after all

specified services receive their bandwidth requirements.
If the rules set up in this wizard are changed in Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT >

Rule Setup, then the service priority radio button will be set to User Configured.
The Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup screen allows you to edit these

rule configurations.

Select Auto classifier rest bandwidth to automatically allocate unbudgeted or
unused bandwidth to services based on the packet type.

3.3.3 Screen 3

Follow the on-screen instructions and click Finish to complete the wizard setup and save your
configuration.

Figure 36 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete

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76 Chapter 3 Wizards

This chapter describes how to configure WAN settings.

4.1 WAN Overview

A WAN (Wide Area Network) is an outside connection to another network or the Internet.

4.1.1 Encapsulation

Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The ZyXEL Device supports
the following methods.

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

CHAPTER 4

WAN Setup

4.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP

The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the
IP network protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN
interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For
instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP
requires that you specify a gateway IP address in the ENET ENCAP Gateway field in the
second wizard screen. You can get this information from your ISP.

4.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) provides access control and billing
functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard
(RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem
(DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection.

For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with
existing access control systems (for example RADIUS).

One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services,
a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily
create and offer new IP services for individuals.

Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires
no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.

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By implementing PPPoE directly on the ZyXEL Device (rather than individual computers),
the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the ZyXEL Device
does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have
access.

4.1.1.3 PPPoA

PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA
connection functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The ZyXEL Device encapsulates the
PPP session based on RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual
Circuit) to the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please
refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information
on PPP.

4.1.1.4 RFC 1483

RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation
Layer 5 (AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single
ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each
protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer
to the RFC for more detailed information.

4.1.2 Multiplexing

There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be
sure to use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.

4.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing

In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit;
for example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments
where dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.

4.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing

In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being
contained in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this
method may be advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried
protocol, for example, if charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.

4.1.3 VPI and VCI

Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI)
numbers assigned to you. The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to
65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see the appendix for
more information.

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4.1.4 IP Address Assignment

A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you
a different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you
have either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences
your choices for IP address and ENET ENCAP gateway.

4.1.4.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation

If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not
applicable (N/A). If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and
not the ENET ENCAP Gateway field.

4.1.4.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation

In this case the IP Address Assignment must be static with the same requirements for the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as stated above.

4.1.4.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation

In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a dynamic
IP, the ZyXEL Device acts as a DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP Address and
ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable (N/A) as the DHCP server assigns them to

the ZyXEL Device.

4.1.5 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP)

A nailed-up connection is a dial-up line where the connection is always up regardless of traffic
demand. The ZyXEL Device does two things when you specify a nailed-up connection. The
first is that idle timeout is disabled. The second is that the ZyXEL Device will try to bring up
the connection when turned on and whenever the connection is down. A nailed-up connection
can be very expensive for obvious reasons.

Do not specify a nailed-up connection unless your telephone company offers flat-rate service
or you need a constant connection and the cost is of no concern

4.1.6 NAT

NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a
host in a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one
network to a different IP address known within another network.

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4.2 Metric

The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route for
transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop count as the
measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected networks. The number
must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15" means the link is down. The
smaller the number, the lower the "cost".

The metric sets the priority for the ZyXEL Device’s routes to the Internet. If any two of the
default routes have the same metric, the ZyXEL Device uses the following pre-defined
priorities:

• Normal route: designated by the ISP (see Section 4.5 on page 82)

• Traffic-redirect route (see Section 4.7 on page 91)

• WAN-backup route, also called dial-backup (see Section 4.8 on page 92)

For example, if the normal route has a metric of "1" and the traffic-redirect route has a metric
of "2" and dial-backup route has a metric of "3", then the normal route acts as the primary
default route. If the normal route fails to connect to the Internet, the ZyXEL Device tries the
traffic-redirect route next. In the same manner, the ZyXEL Device uses the dial-backup route
if the traffic-redirect route also fails.

If you want the dial-backup route to take first priority over the traffic-redirect route or even the
normal route, all you need to do is set the dial-backup route’s metric to "1" and the others to
"2" (or greater).

IP Policy Routing overrides the default routing behavior and takes priority over all of the
routes mentioned above.

4.3 Traffic Shaping

Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average
rate and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps
eliminate congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and
video connections.

Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter
may be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits),
so a maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not
guaranteed because it is dependent on the line speed.

Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the
maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be
greater than the PCR.

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Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR.
After MBS is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At
this time, more cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.

If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value
that correlates to your upstream line rate.

The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.

Figure 37 Example of Traffic Shaping

4.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes

These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.

4.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR)

Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is
being sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for
connections that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and
if traffic exceeds this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR
would be high-resolution video and voice.

4.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR)

The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections
that use the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or
non-real time (VBR-nRT) connections.

The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require
closely controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a
PCR is specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT
connection would be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers
and the bandwidth requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.

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The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do
not require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty"
traffic typical on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum
level. An example of an VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.

4.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)

The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR
doesn't guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare
bandwidth. An example application is background file transfer.

4.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access

Once you turn on and connect the ZyXEL Device to a telephone jack, it automatically detects
the Internet connection settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method)
from the ISP and makes the necessary configuration changes. In cases where additional
account information (such as an Internet account user name and password) is required or the
ZyXEL Device cannot connect to the ISP, you will be redirected to web screen(s) for
information input or troubleshooting.

Zero configuration for Internet access is disabled when

• the ZyXEL Device is in bridge mode

• you set the ZyXEL Device to use a static (fixed) WAN IP address.

4.5 Internet Connection

To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN remote node settings, click Network > WAN. The
screen differs by the encapsulation.

See Section 4.1 on page 77 for more information.

82 Chapter 4 WAN Setup

Figure 38 Internet Connection (PPPoE)

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 24 Internet Connection

LABEL DESCRIPTION

General

Name Enter the name of your Internet Service Provider, e.g., MyISP. This information is

for identification purposes only.

Mode Select Routing (default) from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple

Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list

User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE only) Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If

Password (PPPoA and PPPoE only) Enter the password associated with the user name

Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.

computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.

box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET

ENCAP or PPPoE.

assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain identifies a service
name, then enter both components exactly as given.

above.

Choices are VC or LLC.

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Table 24 Internet Connection

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Virtual Circuit ID VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual

VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.

VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local

IP Address These fields only appear if the Mode is Routing.

Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically

Static IP Address (PPPoE, PPPoA, and ENET ENCAP only) Select this if you do not have a

IP Address Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP.

Subnet Mask (ENET ENCAP only) Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP.

Gateway IP address (ENET ENCAP only) Enter the gateway IP address provided by your ISP.

Connection This section only appears if the Encapsulation is PPPoE and PPPoA.

Nailed-Up
Connection

Connect on Demand Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time

Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced WAN Setup screen and edit more

circuit. Refer to the appendix for more information.

management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.

A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is
not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the
Internet. ‘

(PPPoE, PPPoA, and ENET ENCAP only) Select this if you have a dynamic IP
address.

dynamic IP address.

Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.

and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.

on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.

details of your WAN setup.

4.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection

To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the Internet Connection screen. The screen appears as shown.

84 Chapter 4 WAN Setup

Figure 39 Advanced Internet Connection

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 25 Advanced Internet Connection

LABEL DESCRIPTION

RIP & Multicast
Setup

RIP Direction RIP (Routing Information Protocol, RFC 1058 and RFC 1389) allows a router to

exchange routing information with other routers. The RIP Direction field controls
the sending and receiving of RIP packets. Select the RIP direction from Both/In
Only/Out Only/None. When set to Both or Out Only, the ZyXEL Device will
broadcast its routing table periodically. When set to Both or In Only, it will
incorporate the RIP information that it receives; when set to None, it will not send
any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.

RIP Version This field is enabled if RIP Direction is not None. The RIP Version field controls

the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the ZyXEL Device
sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported
but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks,
unless you have an unusual network topology. Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the
routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that RIP-2B uses subnet
broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting. Multicasting can reduce the load on
non-router machines since they generally do not listen to the RIP multicast address
and so will not receive the RIP packets. However, if one router uses multicasting,
then all routers on your network must use multicasting, also.

Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to

ATM QoS

ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice

establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.

or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.

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Table 25 Advanced Internet Connection

LABEL DESCRIPTION

cell/sec Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell

Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.

Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be

transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.

Maximum Burst
Size

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent
at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.

Zero
Configuration

PPPoE
Passthrough

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

This feature is not applicable/available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to
use a static WAN IP address or in bridge mode.

Select Yes to set the ZyXEL Device to automatically detect the Internet connection
settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method) from the ISP
and make the necessary configuration changes.

Select No to disable this feature. You must manually configure the ZyXEL Device
for Internet access.

This feature is available only when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
In addition to the ZyXEL Device's built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE

Passthrough to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on
their computers to connect to the ISP via the ZyXEL Device. Each host can have a
separate account and a public WAN IP address.

PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for applications where NAT is not
appropriate.

Disable PPPoE passthrough if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use
PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP.

4.6 Configuring More Connections

This section describes the protocol-independent parameters for a remote network. They are
required for placing calls to a remote gateway and the network behind it across a WAN
connection. When you use the WAN > Internet Connection screen to set up Internet access,
you are configuring the first WAN connection.

Click Network > WAN > More Connections to display the screen as shown next.

86 Chapter 4 WAN Setup

Figure 40 More Connections

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 26 More Connections

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of a connection.

Active This display whether this connection is activated. Clear the check box to disable

the connection. Select the check box to enable it.

Name This is the descriptive name for this connection.

VPI/VCI This is the VPI and VCI values used for this connection.

Encapsulation This is the method of encapsulation used for this connection.

Modify The first (ISP) connection is read-only in this screen. Use the WAN > Internet

Connection screen to edit it.
Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the connection.
Click the delete icon to remove an existing connection. You cannot remove the

first connection.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

4.6.1 More Connections Edit

Click the edit icon in the More Connections screen to configure a connection.

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Figure 41 More Connections Edit

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 27 More Connections Edit

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the check box to activate or clear the check box to deactivate this

connection.

Name Enter a unique, descriptive name of up to 13 ASCII characters for this

connection.

Mode Select Routing from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple computers

Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list

88 Chapter 4 WAN Setup

to share an Internet account.
If you select Bridge, the ZyXEL Device will forward any packet that it does not

route to this remote node; otherwise, the packets are discarded.

box. Choices are PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or PPPoE.

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Table 27 More Connections Edit (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your

ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.

Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the

user name above.

Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.

Choices are VC or LLC.
By prior agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific virtual circuit, for example,

VC1 will carry IP. If you select VC, specify separate VPI and VCI numbers for
each protocol.

For LLC-based multiplexing or PPP encapsulation, one VC carries multiple
protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each packet
header. In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be specified for
all protocols.

VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.

VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local

management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.

IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is
not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the
Internet.

If you use the encapsulation type except RFC 1483, select Obtain an IP

Address Automatically when you have a dynamic IP address; otherwise select
Static IP Address and type your ISP assigned IP address in the IP Address

field below.
If you use RFC 1483, enter the IP address given by your ISP in the IP Address

field.

Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.

Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.

Gateway IP address Specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP).

Connection

Nailed-Up
Connection

Connect on Demand Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time

Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect

NAT SUA only is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.

and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.

on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.

Select SUA Only if you have one public IP address and want to use NAT. Click
Edit to go to the Port Forwarding screen to edit a server mapping set.

Otherwise, select None to disable NAT.

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Table 27 More Connections Edit (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Advanced Setup Click this button to display the More Connections Advanced screen and edit

more details of your WAN setup.

4.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup

To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the More Connections Edit screen. The screen appears as shown.

Figure 42 More Connections Advanced Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 28 More Connections Advanced Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

RIP & Multicast
Setup

RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.

RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.

Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to

establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.

ATM QoS

ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice

or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.

90 Chapter 4 WAN Setup

Table 28 More Connections Advanced Setup (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell

Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.

Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be

transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.

Maximum Burst
Size

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent
at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.

4.7 Traffic Redirect

Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot connect
to the Internet. An example is shown in the figure below.

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Figure 43 Traffic Redirect Example

The following network topology allows you to avoid triangle route security issues when the
backup gateway is connected to the LAN. Use IP alias to configure the LAN into two or three
logical networks with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN network. Put the
protected LAN in one subnet (Subnet 1 in the following figure) and the backup gateway in
another subnet (Subnet 2). Configure filters that allow packets from the protected LAN
(Subnet 1) to the backup gateway (Subnet 2).

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Figure 44 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup

4.8 Configuring WAN Backup

To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN backup settings, click WAN > WAN Backup Setup.
The screen appears as shown.

92 Chapter 4 WAN Setup

Figure 45 WAN Backup Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

Table 29 WAN Backup Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Backup Type Select the method that the ZyXEL Device uses to check the DSL connection.

Select DSL Link to have the ZyXEL Device check if the connection to the DSLAM is
up. Select ICMP to have the ZyXEL Device periodically ping the IP addresses
configured in the Check WAN IP Address fields.

Check WAN IP
Address1-3

Configure this field to test your ZyXEL Device's WAN accessibility. Type the IP
address of a reliable nearby computer (for example, your ISP's DNS server
address).

Note: If you activate either traffic redirect or dial backup, you must

configure at least one IP address here.

When using a WAN backup connection, the ZyXEL Device periodically pings the
addresses configured here and uses the other WAN backup connection (if
configured) if there is no response.

Fail Tolerance Type the number of times (2 recommended) that your ZyXEL Device may ping the

IP addresses configured in the Check WAN IP Address field without getting a
response before switching to a WAN backup connection (or a different WAN backup
connection).

Recovery Interval When the ZyXEL Device is using a lower priority connection (usually a WAN backup

Timeout Type the number of seconds (3 recommended) for your ZyXEL Device to wait for a

connection), it periodically checks to whether or not it can use a higher priority
connection.

Type the number of seconds (30 recommended) for the ZyXEL Device to wait
between checks. Allow more time if your destination IP address handles lots of
traffic.

ping response from one of the IP addresses in the Check WAN IP Address field
before timing out the request. The WAN connection is considered "down" after the
ZyXEL Device times out the number of times specified in the Fail Tolerance field.
Use a higher value in this field if your network is busy or congested.

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Table 29 WAN Backup Setup (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Traffic Redirect Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot

connect to the Internet.

Active Traffic
Redirect

Select this check box to have the ZyXEL Device use traffic redirect if the normal
WAN connection goes down.

Note: If you activate traffic redirect, you must configure at least one

Metric This field sets this route's priority among the routes the ZyXEL Device uses.

The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route
for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop
count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected
networks. The number must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15"
means the link is down. The smaller the number, the lower the "cost".

Backup Gateway Type the IP address of your backup gateway in dotted decimal notation. The ZyXEL

Device automatically forwards traffic to this IP address if the ZyXEL Device's
Internet connection terminates.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Check WAN IP Address.

94 Chapter 4 WAN Setup

This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.

5.1 LAN Overview

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers
are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same
building or floor of a building. The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server
and manage IP addresses.

See Section 5.3 on page 101 to configure the LAN screens.

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

CHAPTER 5

LAN Setup

5.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device

The actual physical connection determines whether the ZyXEL Device ports are LAN or
WAN ports. There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other
outside the WAN network as shown next.

Figure 46 LAN and WAN IP Addresses

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5.1.2 DHCP Setup

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual
clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the ZyXEL
Device as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the ZyXEL Device
provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If you turn DHCP service off, you must
have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.

5.1.2.1 IP Pool Setup

The ZyXEL Device is pre-configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients (DHCP
Pool). See the product specifications in the appendices. Do not assign static IP addresses from
the DHCP pool to your LAN computers.

5.1.3 DNS Server Address

DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address
and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the
IP address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server addresses that you enter in
the DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and
subnet mask.

There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP
to tell a customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when
s/he signs up. If your ISP gives you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server
fields in DHCP Setup, otherwise, leave them blank.

Some ISP’s choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP
Control Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers,
chances are the DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The ZyXEL Device
supports the IPCP DNS server extensions through the DNS proxy feature.

If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen are not
specified, for instance, left as 0.0.0.0, the ZyXEL Device tells the DHCP clients that it itself is
the DNS server. When a computer sends a DNS query to the ZyXEL Device, the ZyXEL
Device forwards the query to the real DNS server learned through IPCP and relays the
response back to the computer.

Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It
does not mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances.
If your ISP gives you explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the
DHCP Setup screen. This way, the ZyXEL Device can pass the DNS servers to the computers
and the computers can query the DNS server directly without the ZyXEL Device’s
intervention.

96 Chapter 5 LAN Setup

5.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment

Use DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a computer before you can access it.

There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses.

• The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet,
when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS
Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen.

• The ZyXEL Device acts as a DNS proxy when the Primary and Secondary DNS Server
fields are left as 0.0.0.0 in the DHCP Setup screen.

5.2 LAN TCP/IP

The ZyXEL Device has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS
servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.

P-661H/HW Series User’s Guide

5.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask

Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a
LAN share one common network number.

Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or
your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their
instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.

If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single
user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is
established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from

192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0 and you must enable the Network Address Translation (NAT)
feature of the ZyXEL Device. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this
block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you
are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254
individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other
words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an
individual computer on that network.

Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember,
for instance, 192.168.1.1, for your ZyXEL Device, but make sure that no other device on your
network is using that IP address.

The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your ZyXEL Device
will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You
don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are
instructed to do otherwise.

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5.2.1.1 Private IP Addresses

Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from
the Internet, for example, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP
addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
(IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private
networks:

• 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255

• 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255

• 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255

You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or it can be assigned from a
private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an
ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other
hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network
administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.

Note: Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;

always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address
assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets
and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.

5.2.2 RIP Setup

RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with
other routers. The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets.
When set to:

• Both - the ZyXEL Device will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate
the RIP information that it receives.

• In Only - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets but will accept all RIP
packets received.

• Out Only - the ZyXEL Device will send out RIP packets but will not accept any RIP
packets received.

• None - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP
packets received.

The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the
ZyXEL Device sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally
supported; but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks,
unless you have an unusual network topology.

Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that
RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting.

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5.2.3 Multicast

Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1
recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to
a group of hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1.

IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC

2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If
you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP
version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is
used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address

224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address

224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts
(including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP.
The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.

The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-
v2). At start up, the ZyXEL Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group
membership. After that, the ZyXEL Device periodically updates this information. IP
multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the ZyXEL Device LAN and/or WAN interfaces in
the web configurator (LAN; WAN). Select None to disable IP multicasting on these
interfaces.

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5.2.4 Any IP

Traditionally, you must set the IP addresses and the subnet masks of a computer and the
ZyXEL Device to be in the same subnet to allow the computer to access the Internet (through
the ZyXEL Device). In cases where your computer is required to use a static IP address in
another network, you may need to manually configure the network settings of the computer
every time you want to access the Internet via the ZyXEL Device.

With the Any IP feature and NAT enabled, the ZyXEL Device allows a computer to access the
Internet without changing the network settings (such as IP address and subnet mask) of the
computer, when the IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the same
subnet. Whether a computer is set to use a dynamic or static (fixed) IP address, you can simply
connect the computer to the ZyXEL Device and access the Internet.

The following figure depicts a scenario where a computer is set to use a static private IP
address in the corporate environment. In a residential house where a ZyXEL Device is
installed, you can still use the computer to access the Internet without changing the network
settings, even when the IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the
same subnet.

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Figure 47 Any IP Example

The Any IP feature does not apply to a computer using either a dynamic IP address or a static
IP address that is in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device’s IP address.

Note: You must enable NAT/SUA to use the Any IP feature on the ZyXEL Device.

5.2.4.1 How Any IP Works

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP
address) to a physical machine address, also known as a Media Access Control or MAC
address, on the local area network. IP routing table is defined on IP Ethernet devices (the
ZyXEL Device) to decide which hop to use,
destination.

The following lists out the steps taken, when a computer tries to access the Internet for the first
time through the ZyXEL Device.

1 When a computer (which is in a different subnet) first attempts to access the Internet, it

sends packets to its default gateway (which is not the ZyXEL Device) by looking at the
MAC address in its ARP table.

2 When the computer cannot locate the default gateway, an ARP request is broadcast on the

LAN.

3 The ZyXEL Device receives the ARP request and replies to the computer with its own

MAC address.

4 The computer updates the MAC address for the default gateway to the ARP table. Once

the ARP table is updated, the computer is able to access the Internet through the ZyXEL
Device.

to help forward data along to its specified

5 When the ZyXEL Device receives packets from the computer, it creates an entry in the IP

routing table so it can properly forward packets intended for the computer.

After all the routing information is updated, the computer can access the ZyXEL Device and
the Internet as if it is in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device.

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