How it Works
ZyXEL Communications
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LTE7480-S905
Users manual
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ZyXEL Communications LTE7480-S905 Users manual

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Page 1
Default Login Details
User’s Guide

LTE Series

LTE Outdoor CPE
LAN IP Address htt p ://192.168.1.1
Password See the Zyxel Device label
Version 2.00 Ed 2, 3/2019
Copyright © 2019 Zyxel Communications Corporation
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IMPORTANT! READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE. KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
This is a series User’s Guide for the LTE7240-M403 / LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905. Screenshots and graphics in this book may differ slightly from what you see due to differences in your product firmware or your computer operating system. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate.
Related Documentation
•Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide shows how to connect the Zyxel Device.
•More Information Go to support.zyxel.com to find other information on the Zyxel Device
.
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Document Conventions

Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this guide.
Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your Zyxel Device.
Note: Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may need to
configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The LTE7240-M403 / LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905 in this user’s guide may be referred to as the “Zyxel Device” in this guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example, Network Setting > Routing > DNS Route means you first click Network Setting in the navigation panel, then the Routing sub menu and finally the DNS Route tab to get to that screen.
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this user guide may use the following generic icons. The Zyxel Device icon is not an exact representation of your Zyxel Device.
Zyxel Device Generic Router Switch
Server Firewall USB Storage Device
Printer
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Contents Overview

Contents Overview
User’s Guide ......................................................................................................................................12
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 13
The Web Configurator ......................................................................................................................... 20
Quick Start ............................................................................................................................................. 27
Technical Reference ........................................................................................................................29
Connection Status ................................................................................................................................ 30
Broadband ............................................................................................................................................ 37
Wireless ................................................................................................................................................... 46
Home Networking ................................................................................................................................. 70
Routing ................................................................................................................................................... 92
Network Address Translation (NAT) ................................................................................................... 100
Dynamic DNS Setup ........................................................................................................................... 110
Firewall ................................................................................................................................................. 114
MAC Filter ............................................................................................................................................ 125
Certificates .......................................................................................................................................... 127
Log ....................................................................................................................................................... 136
Traffic Status ....................................................................................................................................... 139
ARP Table ............................................................................................................................................ 142
Routing Table ...................................................................................................................................... 144
Cellular WAN Status ........................................................................................................................... 147
System .................................................................................................................................................. 152
User Account ...................................................................................................................................... 153
Remote Management ....................................................................................................................... 156
TR-069 Client ........................................................................................................................................ 160
Time Settings ........................................................................................................................................ 163
Email Notification ................................................................................................................................ 166
Log Setting .......................................................................................................................................... 169
Firmware Upgrade .............................................................................................................................. 172
Backup/Restore .................................................................................................................................. 174
Diagnostic ........................................................................................................................................... 177
Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................................. 179
Appendices .....................................................................................................................................185
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Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Document Conventions......................................................................................................................3
Contents Overview .............................................................................................................................4
Table of Contents....................................................... ................... ................... ................. ...................5
Part I: User’s Guide..........................................................................................12
Chapter 1
Introduction........................................................................................................................................13
1.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 13
1.2 Application for the Zyxel Device .................................................................................................. 14
1.3 Manage the Zyxel Device ............................................................................................................. 14
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the Zyxel Device ............................................................................. 14
1.5 Front and Bottom Panels ............................................................................................................... 15
1.5.1 LEDs (Lights) ........................................................................................................................... 16
1.5.2 Bottom Panels ........................................................................................................................ 17
1.6 Using the WiFi Button ...................................................................................................................... 17
1.7 The RESET Button ............................................................................................................................. 19
Chapter 2
The Web Configurator............................. ................... ................... .................................... .................20
2.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 20
2.1.1 Access the Web Configurator ............................................................................................. 20
2.2 Web Configurator Layout .............................................................................................................. 22
2.2.1 Settings Icon .......................................................................................................................... 22
2.2.2 Widget Icon ........................................................................................................................... 26
Chapter 3
Quick Start..........................................................................................................................................27
3.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 27
3.2 Quick Start Setup ............................................................................................................................ 27
3.3 Time Zone ........................................................................................................................................ 27
3.4 WiFi Setup ........................................................................................................................................ 28
3.5 Quick Start Setup-Finish .................................................................................................................. 28
Part II: Technical Reference ...........................................................................29
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Chapter 4
Connection Status............. ................... .................................... ................... ................... ....................30
4.1 Connection Status Overview ........................................................................................................ 30
4.1.1 Connectivity .......................................................................................................................... 30
4.1.2 System Info ............................................................................................................................. 31
4.1.3 WiFi Settings ........................................................................................................................... 33
4.1.4 LAN ......................................................................................................................................... 35
Chapter 5
Broadband..........................................................................................................................................37
5.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 37
5.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ....................................................................................... 37
5.1.2 What You Need to Know ..................................................................................................... 37
5.1.3 Before You Begin ................................................................................................................... 38
5.2 Cellular WAN ................................................................................................................................... 38
5.3 Cellular SIM Configuration ............................................................................................................. 40
5.4 Cellular Band Configuration .......................................................................................................... 41
5.5 PLMN Configuration ....................................................................................................................... 42
5.6 IP Passthrough ................................................................................................................................. 44
Chapter 6
Wireless...............................................................................................................................................46
6.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 46
6.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ....................................................................................... 46
6.1.2 What You Need to Know ..................................................................................................... 46
6.2 General Settings ............................................................................................................................. 47
6.2.1 No Security ............................................................................................................................. 48
6.2.2 More Secure (WPA2-PSK) ..................................................................................................... 49
6.3 MAC Authentication ...................................................................................................................... 50
6.4 WPS ................................................................................................................................................... 52
6.5 WMM ................................................................................................................................................ 54
6.6 Others Settings ................................................................................................................................ 55
6.7 Technical Reference ...................................................................................................................... 57
6.7.1 WiFi Network Overview ......................................................................................................... 57
6.7.2 Additional Wireless Terms ..................................................................................................... 59
6.7.3 WiFi Security Overview .......................................................................................................... 59
6.7.4 Signal Problems ..................................................................................................................... 61
6.7.5 BSS ........................................................................................................................................... 61
6.7.6 Preamble Type ...................................................................................................................... 62
6.7.7 WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) ................................................................................................. 62
Chapter 7
Home Networking..............................................................................................................................70
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7.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 70
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ....................................................................................... 70
7.1.2 What You Need To Know ..................................................................................................... 70
7.2 LAN Setup ........................................................................................................................................ 71
7.3 Static DHCP ..................................................................................................................................... 75
7.3.1 Before You Begin ................................................................................................................... 75
7.4 UPnP ................................................................................................................................................. 77
7.5 Technical Reference ...................................................................................................................... 78
7.6 Turn on UPnP in Windows 7 Example ............................................................................................ 79
7.6.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device ........................................................ 80
7.7 Turn on UPnP in Windows 10 Example .......................................................................................... 82
7.7.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device ........................................................ 84
7.8 Web Configurator Easy Access in Windows 7 ............................................................................. 87
7.9 Web Configurator Easy Access in Windows 10 ........................................................................... 89
Chapter 8
Routing................................................................................................................................................92
8.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 92
8.2 Configure Static Route .................................................................................................................. 92
8.2.1 Add/Edit Static Route ........................................................................................................... 93
8.3 DNS Route ........................................................................................................................................ 95
8.3.1 Add/Edit DNS Route ............................................................................................................. 95
8.4 Policy Route .................................................................................................................................... 96
8.4.1 Add/Edit Policy Route .......................................................................................................... 98
8.5 RIP Overview ................................................................................................................................... 99
8.5.1 RIP ........................................................................................................................................... 99
Chapter 9
Network Address Translation (NAT)........................................ ................... .....................................100
9.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 100
9.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..................................................................................... 100
9.1.2 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................... 100
9.2 Port Forwarding Overview ........................................................................................................... 101
9.2.1 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................................... 102
9.2.2 Add/Edit Port Forwarding ................................................................................................... 103
9.3 Port Triggering ............................................................................................................................... 104
9.3.1 Add/Edit Port Triggering Rule ............................................................................................. 106
9.4 DMZ ................................................................................................................................................ 107
9.5 ALG ................................................................................................................................................. 108
Chapter 10
Dynamic DNS Setup.........................................................................................................................110
10.1 DNS Overview ............................................................................................................................. 110
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10.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 110
10.1.2 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................. 110
10.2 DNS Entry ..................................................................................................................................... 111
10.2.1 Add/Edit DNS Entry ........................................................................................................... 111
10.3 Dynamic DNS .............................................................................................................................. 112
Chapter 11
Firewall..............................................................................................................................................114
11.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 114
11.1.1 What You Need to Know About Firewall ........................................................................ 114
11.2 Firewall ......................................................................................................................................... 115
11.2.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 115
11.3 Firewall General Settings ............................................................................................................ 115
11.4 Protocol (Customized Services) ................................................................................................ 117
11.4.1 Add Customized Service .................................................................................................. 117
11.5 Access Control (Rules) ............................................................................................................... 118
11.5.1 Access Control Add New ACL Rule ................................................................................ 119
11.6 DoS ............................................................................................................................................... 121
11.7 Firewall Technical Reference .................................................................................................... 122
11.7.1 Firewall Rules Overview .................................................................................................... 122
11.7.2 Guidelines For Security Enhancement With Your Firewall ............................................ 123
11.7.3 Security Considerations .................................................................................................... 123
Chapter 12
MAC Filter .........................................................................................................................................125
12.1 MAC Filter Overview ................................................................................................................... 125
12.2 MAC Filter .................................................................................................................................... 125
Chapter 13
Certificates .......................................................................................................................................127
13.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 127
13.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 127
13.2 Local Certificates ....................................................................................................................... 127
13.2.1 Create Certificate Request ............................................................................................. 128
13.2.2 View Certificate Request ................................................................................................. 129
13.3 Trusted CA ................................................................................................................................... 131
13.4 Import Trusted CA Certificate ................................................................................................... 132
13.5 View Trusted CA Certificate ...................................................................................................... 132
13.6 Certificates Technical Reference ............................................................................................. 133
13.6.1 Verify a Certificate ............................................................................................................ 134
Chapter 14
Log ....................................................................................................................................................136
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14.1 Log Overview .............................................................................................................................. 136
14.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 136
14.1.2 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................. 136
14.2 System Log .................................................................................................................................. 137
14.3 Security Log ................................................................................................................................. 137
Chapter 15
Traffic Status ...................... ................................... .................... ................... .....................................139
15.1 Traffic Status Overview ............................................................................................................... 139
15.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 139
15.2 WAN Status .................................................................................................................................. 139
15.3 LAN Status .................................................................................................................................... 140
Chapter 16
ARP Table..........................................................................................................................................142
16.1 ARP Table Overview ................................................................................................................... 142
16.1.1 How ARP Works .................................................................................................................. 142
16.2 ARP Table .................................................................................................................................... 143
Chapter 17
Routing Table....................................................................................................................................144
17.1 Routing Table Overview ............................................................................................................ 144
17.2 Routing Table .............................................................................................................................. 144
Chapter 18
Cellular WAN Status ........................................................................................................................147
18.1 Cellular WAN Status Overview .................................................................................................. 147
18.2 Cellular WAN Status .................................................................................................................... 147
Chapter 19
System...............................................................................................................................................152
19.1 System Overview ........................................................................................................................ 152
19.2 System .......................................................................................................................................... 152
Chapter 20
User Account................................ ................................... ................... .................... ..........................153
20.1 User Account Overview ............................................................................................................. 153
20.2 User Account .............................................................................................................................. 153
20.2.1 User Account Add/Edit .................................................................................................... 154
Chapter 21
Remote Management.....................................................................................................................156
21.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 156
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21.2 MGMT Services ............................................................................................................................ 156
21.3 MGMT Services for IP Passthrough ............................................................................................ 157
21.4 Trust Domain ................................................................................................................................ 158
21.5 Add Trust Domain ....................................................................................................................... 158
Chapter 22
TR-069 Client................... ................... ................... .................... ................... .....................................160
22.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 160
22.2 TR-069 Client ................................................................................................................................ 160
Chapter 23
Time Settings........................ .................... ................................... ................... ................ ...................163
23.1 Time Settings Overview .............................................................................................................. 163
23.2 Time .............................................................................................................................................. 163
Chapter 24
Email Notification.................................... ................... ................... ................... ................ ................166
24.1 Email Notification Overview ...................................................................................................... 166
24.2 Email Notification ........................................................................................................................ 166
24.2.1 Email Notification Edit ....................................................................................................... 167
Chapter 25
Log Setting .......................................................................................................................................169
25.1 Log Setting Overview ................................................................................................................. 169
25.2 Log Setting ................................................................................................................................... 169
Chapter 26
Firmware Upgrade............................................... .................... ................... .....................................172
26.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 172
26.2 Firmware Upgrade ...................................................................................................................... 172
Chapter 27
Backup/Restore...............................................................................................................................174
27.1 Backup/Restore Overview ........................................................................................................ 174
27.2 Backup/Restore .......................................................................................................................... 174
27.3 Reboot ......................................................................................................................................... 175
Chapter 28
Diagnostic.........................................................................................................................................177
28.1 Diagnostic Overview .................................................................................................................. 177
28.2 Ping/TraceRoute/Nslookup Test ................................................................................................ 177
Chapter 29
Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................179
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29.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 179
29.2 Power and Hardware Connections ......................................................................................... 179
29.3 Zyxel Device Access and Login ................................................................................................ 179
29.4 Internet Access ........................................................................................................................... 181
29.5 UPnP ............................................................................................................................................. 182
29.6 SIM Card ...................................................................................................................................... 183
29.7 Cellular Signal ............................................................................................................................. 183
Part III: Appendices......................................................................................185
Appendix A Customer Support ..................................................................................................... 186
Appendix B IPv6............................................................................................................................... 192
Appendix C Legal Information ...................................................................................................... 199
Index.................................................................................................................................................212
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PART I

User’s Guide

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1.1 Overview

Zyxel Device refers to these models as outlined below.
The following table describes the feature differences of the Zyxel Device by model.
Table 1 Zyxel Device Comparison Table
Gigabit Ethernet Port V V V
2.4G WLAN V V V
LTE Speed 150/50 Mbps (FDD-LTE) 400/150 Mbps (FDD-LTE) 573/15.1 Mbps (TDD-LTE)
Wall Mount V V V
Pole Mount - V V
Firmware Version 2.0 2.0 1.0
CHAPTER 1

Introduction

• LTE7240-M403
• LTE7461-M602
• LTE7480-S905
LTE7240-M403 LTE7461-M602 LTE7480-S905
The Zyxel Device is an outdoor LTE (Long Term Evolution) router that supports (but not limited to) the following:
• Gigabit Ethernet connection
• DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server
• NAT (Network Address Translation)
• DMZ (Demilitarized Zone)
•Port Forwarding/Triggering
• ALG (Application Layer Gateway)
• Embedded Bridge/Router mode
• Dynamic DNS (Domain Name System) for the first APN (Access Point Name)
• Static/Dynamic Route setting for RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
• Remote Management under Bridge mode
• Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
• Firewall that uses Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) technology
• Protects against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks
• Filter of LAN MAC address, LAN IP address and URLs
• Local and remote device management
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Chapter 1 Introduction
LTE (4G)/3G/2G
WiFi
• Firmware upgrade via TR-069 and Web Configurator
The embedded Web-based Configurator enables straightforward management and maintenance. Just insert the SIM card (with an active data plan) and make the hardware connections. See the Quick Start Guide for how to do the hardware installation, wall mounting, Internet setup and turning on/off WiFi (optional).

1.2 Application for the Zyxel Device

Wireless WAN
TheZyxel Device can connect to the Internet through a 2G/3G/4G LTE SIM card to access a wireless WAN connection. Just insert a SIM card into the SIM card slot at the bottom of the Zyxel Device.
Note: You must insert the SIM card into the card slot before turning on the Zyxel Device.
Internet Access
Your Zyxel Device provides shared Internet access by connecting to an LTE network. A computer can connect to the Zyxel Device’s PoE injector for configuration via the Web Configurator.
Figure 1 Zyxel Device’s Internet Access Application

1.3 Manage the Zyxel Device

Use the Web Configurator for management of the Zyxel Device using a (supported) web browser.

1.4 Good Habits for Managing the Zyxel Device

Do the following things regularly to make the Zyxel Device more secure and to manage the Zyxel Device more effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
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Chapter 1 Introduction
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Refer to Section 27.2 on page
174. Restoring an earlier working configuration may be useful if the Zyxel Device becomes unstable or
even crashes. If you forget your password to access the Web Configurator, you will have to reset the Zyxel Device to its factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the Zyxel Device. You could simply restore your last configuration. Write down any information your ISP provides you.

1.5 Front and Bottom Panels

The LED indicators are located on the front (LTE7240-M403) / bottom panel (LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480­S905).
Figure 2 Front Panel (LTE7240-M403)
Figure 3 Bottom Panel (LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905)
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1.5.1 LEDs (Lights)
None of the LEDs are on if the Zyxel Device is not receiving power.
Table 2 LTE7240-M403 LED Descriptions
LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
POWER Green On The Zyxel Device is receiving power and ready for use.
ETHERNET Green On The Zyxel Device has a successful 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet connection
LTE/3G/2G Green On The Zyxel Device is registered and successfully connected to a 4G network.
WLAN Green On The wireless network is activated.
Signal Strength
Chapter 1 Introduction
Blinking The Zyxel Device is booting or self-testing.
Off The Zyxel Device is not receiving power.
with a device on the Local Area Network (LAN).
Off The Zyxel Device does not have an Ethernet connection with the LAN.
Blinking (slow)
Blinking (fast)
Off There is no service.
Off The wireless network is not activated.
Green On The signal strength is Excellent.
Orange On The signal strength is Fair.
Red On The signal strength is Poor.
Blinking There is no SIM card inserted, the SIM card is invalid, the PIN code is not
Off There is no signal or the signal strength is below the Poor level.
The Zyxel Device is connected to a 3G/2G network.
The Zyxel Device is trying to connect to a 4G/3G/2G network.
correct.
Note: Blinking (slow) means the LED blinks once per second. Blinking (fast) means the LED
blinks once per 0.2 second.
LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905 LED Descriptions
COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
Red Blinking The Zyxel Device is booting or self-testing.
On The Zyxel Device encountered an error.
Green Blinking The Zyxel Device is trying to connect to the Internet.
On The Zyxel Device is connected to the Internet.
Amber Blinking The Zyxel Device WiFi is on.
1.5.2 Bottom Panels
The connection ports are located on the bottom panel.
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Chapter 1 Introduction
The following table describes the items on the bottom panel.
Table 3 Panel Ports and Buttons
LABEL DESCRIPTION
LAN Connect a computer via the PoE injector for configuration.
Connect the PoE injector to a power outlet to start the device.
WiFi Press the WLAN button for more than five seconds to enable the wireless function.
WPS After the wireless function is enabled, press the WLAN button for more than one second but less
Reset Press the button for more than five seconds to return the Zyxel Device to the factory defaults. Reboot Press the RESET button for more than 2 seconds but less than 5 seconds, it will cause the system to
SIM card Insert a micro-SIM card into the slot with the chip facing down and the beveled corner in the top
than five seconds to quickly set up a secure wireless connection between the device and a WPS­compatible client.
reboot.
left corner.

1.6 Using the WiFi Button

The wireless network is turned off by default.
Figure 4 LTE7240-M403 WiFi Button
Figure 5 LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905 WiFi Button
To turn on WiFi:
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1 Make sure the POWER LED is on and not blinking.
2 Press the WiFi button for more than 5 seconds and release it.
For LTE7240-M403: Once WiFi is turned on, the WLAN LED shines green.
For LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905: Once WiFi is turned on, the LED blinks amber.
To activate WPS (WiFi must be already on):
1 Press the WiFi button for more than 1 second but less than 5 seconds and release it (pressing more than
5 seconds will turn off WiFi).
2 Press the WPS button on another WPS-enabled device within range of the Zyxel Device.
To turn off the wireless network, press the WiFi button for more than 5 seconds.
For LTE7240-M403: The WLAN LED turns off when the wireless network is off.
For LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905: The amber LED turns off.
Note: Use the WiFi function of the LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905 for configuration (for example,
connect to the LTE Ally app of your mobile device to find the optimal LTE signal strength and manage your LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905).

1.7 The RESET Button

If you forget your password or cannot access the Web Configurator, you will need to use the RESET button of the Zyxel Device as shown in the following figure to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously saved, the password will be reset to 1234 and the IP address will be reset to 192.168.1.1.
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Chapter 1 Introduction
Figure 6 Reset Button (LTE7240-M403)
Figure 7 Reset Button (LTE7461-M602 / LTE7480-S905)
1 Make sure the Zyxel Device is connected to power and POWER LED is on.
2 To set the Zyxel Device back to the factory default settings, press the RESET button for 5 seconds.
Note: If you press the RESET button for more than 2 seconds but less than 5 seconds, it will
cause the system to reboot.
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2.1 Overview

The Web Configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy Zyxel Device setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 8.0 and later versions or Mozilla Firefox 3 and later versions or Safari 2.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.
In order to use the Web Configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your Zyxel Device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in Windows 10.
• JavaScript (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
CHAPTER 2

The Web Configurator

2.1.1 Access the Web Configurator
1 Make sure your Zyxel Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start Guide).
2 Launch your web browser. If the Zyxel Device does not automatically re-direct you to the login screen,
go to http://192.168.1.1.
3 A password screen displays. Select the language you prefer (upper right).
4 To access the Web Configurator and manage the Zyxel Device, type the default username admin and
the randomly assigned default password (see the Zyxel Device label) in the Login screen and click Login. If you have changed the password, enter your password and click Login.
Figure 8 Password Screen
Note: The first time you enter the password, you will be asked to change it. Make sure the new
password must contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter and one number.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
5 The Connection Status screen appears. Use this screen to configure basic Internet access, wireless
settings, and parental control settings. Figure 9 Connection Status
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
C
A
B

2.2 Web Configurator Layout

Figure 10 Screen Layout
As illustrated above, the main screen is divided into these parts:
• A - Settings Icon (Navigation Panel & Side Bar)
• B - Widget Icon
• C - Main Window
2.2.1 Settings Icon
Click this icon ( ) to see the side bar and navigation panel.
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2.2.1.1 Side Bar
The side bar provides some icons on the right hand side.
Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
The icons provide the following functions.
Table 4 Web Configurator Icons in the Title Bar
ICON DESCRIPTION
Wizard: Click this icon to open screens where you can configure the Zyxel Device’s time zone and wireless settings. See Chapter 3 on page 27 for more information about the Wizard screens.
Theme: Click this icon to select a color that you prefer and apply it to the Web Configurator.
Language: Select the language you prefer.
Restart: Click this icon to reboot the Zyxel Device without turning the power off.
Logout: Click this icon to log out of the Web Configurator.
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2.2.1.2 Navigation Panel
Use the menu items on the navigation panel to open screens to configure Zyxel Device features. The following tables describe each menu item.
Table 5 Navigation Panel Summary
LINK TAB FUNCTION
Home Use this screen to configure basic Internet access and wireless settings.
Network Setting
Broadband Cellular WAN Use this screen to configure an LTE WAN connection that includes the
Wireless General Use this screen to configure the wireless LAN settings and WLAN
Home Networking
Routing Static Route Use this screen to view and set up static routes on the Zyxel Device.
NAT Port Forwarding Use this screen to make your local servers visible to the outside world.
DNS DNS Entry Use this screen to view and configure DNS routes.
Security
Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
This screen also shows the network status of the Zyxel Device and computers/devices connected to it.
Access Point Name (APN) provided by your service provider.
Cellular SIM Use this screen to enter a PIN for your SIM card to prevent others from
Cellular Band Use this screen to configure the LTE frequency bands that can be used
Cellular PLMN Use this screen to view available PLMNs and select your preferred
Cellular IP Passthrough
MAC Authentication
WPS Use this screen to configure and view your WPS (WiFi Protected Setup)
WMM Use this screen to enable or disable WiFi MultiMedia (WMM).
Others Use this screen to configure advanced wireless settings.
LAN Setup Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, and other advanced
Static DHCP Use this screen to assign specific IP addresses to individual MAC
UPnP Use this screen to turn UPnP and UPnP NAT-T on or off.
DNS Route
Policy Route
RIP
Port Triggering Use this screen to change your Zyxel Device’s port triggering settings.
DMZ Use this screen to configure a default server which receives packets from
ALG Use this screen to enable or disable SIP ALG.
Dynamic DNS Use this screen to allow a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP address.
using it.
for Internet access as provided by your service provider.
network.
Use this screen to enable IP Passthrough mode (bridge mode).
authentication/security settings.
Use this screen to block or allow wireless traffic from wireless devices of certain SSIDs and MAC addresses to the Zyxel Device.
settings.
properties.
addresses.
Use this screen to forward DNS queries for certain domain names through a specific WAN interface to its DNS server(s).
Use this screen to configure policy routing on the Zyxel Device.
Use this screen to configure Routing Information Protocol to exchange routing information with other routers.
ports that are not specified in the Port Forwarding screen.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Table 5 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINK TAB FUNCTION
Firewall General Use this screen to configure the security level of your firewall.
Protocol Use this screen to add Internet services and configure firewall rules.
Access Control Use this screen to enable specific traffic directions for network services.
DoS Use this screen to activate protection against Denial of Service (DoS)
MAC Filter MAC Filter Use this screen to block or allow traffic from devices of certain MAC
Certificates Local Certificates Use this screen to view a summary list of certificates and manage
Trusted CA
System Monitor
Log System Log Use this screen to view the status of events that occurred to the Zyxel
Security Log Use this screen to view all security related events. You can select the
attacks.
addresses to the Zyxel Device.
certificates and certification requests.
Use this screen to view and manage the list of the trusted CAs.
Device. You can export or email the logs.
level and category of the security events in their proper drop-down list window.
Levels include:
•Emergency
•Alert
•Critical
• Error
•Warning
•Notice
•Informational
• Debugging
Categories include:
• Account
•Attack
•Firewall
•MAC Filter
Traffic Status WAN Use this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through the
WAN port of the Zyxel Device.
LAN Use this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through the
ARP table ARP table Use this screen to view the ARP table. It displays the IP and MAC address
Routing Table Routing Table Use this screen to view the routing table on the Zyxel Device.
Cellular WAN Status
Maintenance
System System
User Account User Account Use this screen to change the user password on the Zyxel Device.
Remote Management
Cellular Statistics Use this screen to look at the cellular Internet connection status.
MGMT Services Use this screen to enable specific traffic directions for network services.
MGMT Services for IP Passthrough
Trust Domain Use this screen to view a list of public IP addresses which are allowed to
LAN ports of the Zyxel Device.
of each DHCP connection.
Use this screen to set the Zyxel Device name and Domain name.
Use this screen to enable various approaches to access this Zyxel Device remotely from a WAN and/or LAN connection.
access the Zyxel Device through the services configured in the Maintenance > Remote Man agement screen.
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Table 5 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINK TAB FUNCTION
TR-069 Client TR-069 Client Use this screen to configure your Zyxel Device to be managed remotely
Time Time Use this screen to change your Zyxel Device’s time and date.
Email Notification
Log Setting Log Setting Use this screen to change your Zyxel Device’s log settings.
Firmware Upgrade
Backup/Restore Backup/Restore Use this screen to backup and restore your Zyxel Device’s configuration
Reboot Reboot Use this screen to reboot the Zyxel Device without turning the power off.
Diagnostic Ping&Traceroute
2.2.2 Widget Icon
Click this icon ( ) to arrange the screen order. Select a block and hold it to move around. Click the Check icon ( ) in the lower left corner to save the changes.
Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
by an Auto Configuration Server (ACS) using TR-069.
Email Notification Use this screen to configure up to two mail servers and sender addresses
Firmware Upgrade
&Nslookup
on the Zyxel Device.
Use this screen to upload firmware to your Zyxel Device.
(settings) or reset the factory default settings.
Use this screen to identify problems with the DSL connection. You can use Ping, TraceRoute, or Nslookup to help you identify problems.
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3.1 Overview

Use the Wizard screens to configure the Zyxel Device’s time zone and wireless settings.
Note: See the technical reference chapters (starting on Chapter 4 on page 30) for
background information on the features in this chapter.

3.2 Quick Start Setup

You can click the Wizard icon in the side bar to open the Wizard screens. See Section 2.2.1.1 on page 23 for more information about the side bar. After you click the Wizard icon, the following screen appears. Click Let’s Go to proceed with settings on time zone and wireless networks. It will take you a few minutes to complete the settings on the Wizard screens. You can click Skip to leave the Wizard screens.
CHAPTER 3

Quick Start

Figure 11 Wizard - Home

3.3 Time Zone

Select the time zone of your location. Click Next.
Figure 12 Wizard - Time Zone
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3.4 WiFi Setup

Turn WiFi on or off. If you keep it on, record the WiFi Name and Password in this screen so you can configure your wireless clients to connect to the Zyxel Device. If you want to show or hide your WiFi password, click the Eye icon ( ). Click Done.
Figure 13 Wizard - Wireless
Chapter 3 Quick Start
Note: You can also enable the wireless service using any of the following methods:
Click Network Setting > Wireless to open the General screen. Then select Enable in the Wireless field. Or, Press the WiFi button located under the RESET button (see Section 1.7 on page 19 for the location) for one second.

3.5 Quick Start Setup-Finish

Your Zyxel Device saves your settings and attempts to connect to the Internet.
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PART II

Technical Reference

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Connection Status

4.1 Connection Status Overview

After you log into the Web Configurator, the Connection Status screen appears. You can configure basic Internet access and wireless settings in this screen. It also shows the network status of the Zyxel Device and computers/devices connected to it.
4.1.1 Connectivity
Use this screen to view the network connection status of the Zyxel Device and its clients.
Figure 14 Connectivity
CHAPTER 4
Click the Arrow icon ( ) to view IP addresses and MAC addresses of the wireless and wired devices connected to the Zyxel Device.
Figure 15 Connectivity: Connected Devices
You can change the icon and name of a connected device. Place your mouse within the device block, and an Edit icon ( ) will appear. Click the Edit icon, and you’ll see there are several icon choices for you to select. Enter a name in the Device Name field for a connected device. Click to enable
() i Internet Blocking for a connected device. Click Save to save your changes.
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Figure 16 Connectivity: Edit
4.1.2 System Info
Chapter 4 Connection Status
Use this screen to view the basic system information of the Zyxel Device.
Figure 17 System Info
Click the Arrow icon ( ) to view the more information on the status of your firewall and interfaces (WAN, LAN, and WLAN).
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Chapter 4 Connection Status
Figure 18 System Info: Detailed Information
Each field is described in the following table.
Table 6 System Info: Detailed Information
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Host Name This field displays the Zyxel Device system name. It is used for identification.
Model Name This shows the model number of your Zyxel Device.
Serial Number This field displays the serial number of the Zyxel Device.
Firmware Version This is the current version of the firmware inside the Zyxel Device.
System Up Time This field displays how long the Zyxel Device has been running since it last started up. The
Interface Status
Virtual ports are shown here. You can see the ports in use and their transmission rate.
WAN Information (These fields display when you have a WAN connection.)
Mode This field displays the current mode of your Zyxel Device.
IP Address This field displays the current IP address of the Zyxel Device in the WAN.
IP Subnet Mask This field displays the current subnet mask in the WAN.
IPv6 Address This field displays the current IPv6 address of the Zyxel Device in the WAN.
Primary DNS server
Zyxel Device starts up when you plug it in, when you restart it (Maintenance > Reboot), or when you reset it.
This field displays the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
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Chapter 4 Connection Status
Table 6 System Info: Detailed Information (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Secondary DNS server
Primary DNSv6 server
Secondary DNSv6 server
LAN Information
IP Address This is the current IP address of the Zyxel Device in the LAN.
Subnet Mask This is the current subnet mask in the LAN.
DHCP This field displays what DHCP services the Zyxel Device is providing to the LAN. The possible
Security
Firewall This displays the firewall’s current security level.
WLAN Information
MAC Address This shows the wireless adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of the wireless
Status This displays whether the WLAN is activated.
SSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the Zyxel Device in a wireless LAN.
Channel This is the channel number currently used by the wireless interface.
Security This displays the type of security mode the wireless interface is using in the wireless LAN.
802.11 Mode This displays the type of 802.11 mode the wireless interface is using in the wireless LAN.
WPS This displays whether WPS is activated on the wireless interface.
This field displays the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
This field displays the first DNS server IPv6 address assigned by the ISP.
This field displays the second DNS server IPv6 address assigned by the ISP.
values are: Server - The Zyxel Device is a DHCP server in the LAN. It assigns IP addresses to other
computers in the LAN. Relay - The Zyxel Device acts as a surrogate DHCP server and relays DHCP requests and
responses between the remote server and the clients. None - The Zyxel Device is not providing any DHCP services to the LAN.
interface.
4.1.3 WiFi Settings
Use this screen to enable or disable the main 2.4 GHz wireless network. When the switch turns blue ( ), the function is enabled. Otherwise, it’s not. You can use this screen or the QR code on the upper right corner to check the SSIDs (WiFi network name) and passwords of the main wireless networks. If you want to show or hide your WiFi passwords, click the Eye icon ( ).
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Chapter 4 Connection Status
Figure 19 WiFi Settings
Click the Arrow icon ( ) to configure the SSIDs and/or passwords for your main wireless networks. Click the Eye icon ( ) to display the characters as you enter the WiFi Password.
Figure 20 WiFi Settings: Configuration
Each field is described in the following table.
Table 7 WiFi Settings: Configuration
LABEL DESCRIPTION
2.4G WiFi Click this switch to enable or disable the 2.4 GHz wireless network. When the switch turns blue , the function is enabled. Otherwise, it’s not.
WiFi Name The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the service set with which a wireless device is
WiFi Password If you selected Random Password, this field displays a pre-shared key generated by the Zyxel
associated. Wireless devices associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID.
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 English keyboard characters) for the wireless LAN.
Device. If you did not select Random Password, you can manually type a pre-shared key from 8 to 64
case-sensitive keyboard characters.
Click the Eye icon to show or hide the password for your wireless network. When the Eye icon is slashed , you’ll see the password in plain text. Otherwise, it’s hidden.
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Table 7 WiFi Settings: Configuration (continued)
4.1.4 LAN
Use this screen to view the LAN IP address, subnet mask, and DHCP settings of your Zyxel Device.
Figure 21 LAN
Chapter 4 Connection Status
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Random Password Select this option to have the Zyxel Device automatically generate a password. The WiFi
Hide WiFi network name
Save Click Save to save your changes.
Password field will not be configurable when you select this option.
Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Note: Disable WPS in the Network Setting > Wireless > WPS screen to hide the SSID.
Click the Arrow icon ( ) to configure the LAN IP settings and DHCP setting for your Zyxel Device.
Figure 22 LAN Setup
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Chapter 4 Connection Status
Each field is described in the following table.
Table 8 Status Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
LAN IP Setup
IP Address Enter the LAN IPv4 IP address you want to assign to your Zyxel Device in dotted decimal
notation, for example, 192.168.1.1 (factory default).
Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask of your network in dotted decimal notation, for example 255.255.255.0
IP Addressing Values
Beginning IP Address
Ending IP Address
DHCP Server State
DHCP Server Lease Time
Days/Hours/ Minutes
Save Click Save to save your changes.
(factory default). Your Zyxel Device automatically computes the subnet mask based on the IP Address you enter, so do not change this field unless you are instructed to do so.
This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.
This field specifies the last of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.
This is the period of time DHCP-assigned addresses is used. DHCP automatically assigns IP addresses to clients when they log in. DHCP centralizes IP address management on central computers that run the DHCP server program. DHCP leases addresses, for a period of time, which means that past addresses are “recycled” and made available for future reassignment to other systems.
Enter the lease time of the DHCP server.
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5.1 Overview

This chapter discusses the Zyxel Device’s Broadband screens. Use these screens to configure your Zyxel Device for Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the Internet. It connects your private networks, such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other networks, so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 23 LAN and WAN
CHAPTER 5

Broadband

5.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
• Use the Cellular WAN screen to configure an LTE WAN connection (Section 5.2 on page 38).
• Use the Cellular SIM screen to enter the PIN of your SIM card (Section 5.3 on page 40).
• Use the Cellular Band screen to view or edit an LTE WAN interface. You can also configure the WAN
settings on the Zyxel Device for Internet access (Section 5.4 on page 41).
• Use the Cellular PLMN screen to display available Public Land Mobile Networks (Section 5.5 on page
42).
• Use the Cellular IP Passthrough screen to configure an LTE WAN connection (Section 5.6 on page 44).
5.1.2 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
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WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the Zyxel Device, which makes it accessible from an outside network. It is used by the Zyxel Device to communicate with other devices in other networks. The ISP dynamically assigns it each time the Zyxel Device tries to access the Internet.
APN
Access Point Name (APN) is a unique string which indicates an LTE network. An APN is required for LTE stations to enter the LTE network and then the Internet.
5.1.3 Before You Begin
You may need to know your Internet access settings such as LTE APN, WAN IP address and SIM card’s PIN code if the INTERNET light on your Zyxel Device is off. Get this information from your service provider.

5.2 Cellular WAN

Chapter 5 Broadband
Click Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular WAN to display the following screen. Configure an LTE connection, including the Access Point Name (APN) provided by your service provider.
Note: APN information can be obtained from the service provider.
Roaming charges may apply when Data Roaming is enabled. Automatic APN Mode is not supported when operating in 3G only mode.
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Chapter 5 Broadband
Figure 24 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular WAN
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 9 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular WAN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Roaming
Data Roaming Click this to enable ( ) data roaming on the Zyxel Device.
4G roaming is to use your mobile device in an area which is not covered by your service provider. Enable roaming to ensure that your Zyxel Device is kept connected to the Internet when you are traveling outside the geographical coverage area of the network to which you are registered.
APN Settings
APN Manual Mode
APN This field allows you to display the Access Point Name (APN) in the profile.
Username This field allows you to display the user name in the profile.
Password This field allows you to set the password in the profile.
Disable this to have the Zyxel Device configure the APN (Access Point Name) of an LTE network automatically. Otherwise, Click this to enable ( ) and enter the APN manually in the field below.
Enter the Access Point Name (APN) provided by your service provider. Connections with different APNs may provide different services (such as Internet access or MMS (Multi-Media Messaging Service)) and charging method.
You can enter up to 30 printable ASCII characters. Spaces are allowed.
Type the user name (up to 31 printable ASCII characters) given to you by your service provider.
Type the password (up to 31 printable ASCII characters) associated with the user name above.
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Chapter 5 Broadband
Table 9 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular WAN (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Authentication Type
PDP Type Select IPv4 if you want the Zyxel Device to run IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4 addressing system)
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to exit this screen without saving.
Select the type of authentication method peers use to connect to the Zyxel Device in LTE connections.
In Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) peers identify themselves with a user name and password. In Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) additionally to user name and password the Zyxel Device sends regular challenges to make sure an intruder has not replaced a peer. Otherwise select PAP/CHAP or None.
only. Select IPv4/IPv6 if you want the Zyxel Device to run both IPv4 and IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 4
and 6 addressing system) at the same time.

5.3 Cellular SIM Configuration

Enter a PIN for your SIM card to prevent others from using it.
Entering the wrong PIN code 3 consecutive times locks the SIM card after which you need a PUK (Personal Unlocking Key) from the service provider to unlock it.
Click Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular SIM. The following screen opens.
Figure 25 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular SIM
Note: The PIN is automatically saved in the Zyxel Device.
Entering the wrong PIN exceeding a set number of times will lock the SIM card.
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Chapter 5 Broadband
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 10 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular SIM
LABEL DESCRIPTION
PIN Management
PIN Protection A PIN (Personal Identification Number) code is a key to a SIM card. Without the PIN code, you
cannot use the SIM card.
Click to enable ( ) if the service provider requires you to enter a PIN to use the SIM card.
Click to disable if the service provider lets you use the SIM without inputting a PIN.
PIN If you enabled PIN verification, enter the 4-digit PIN code (0000 for example) provided by your ISP.
Attempts Remaining
Apply Click Apply to save your changes. Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previous screen without saving.
If you enter the PIN code incorrectly too many times, the ISP may block your SIM card and not let you use the account to access the Internet.
This is how many more times you can try to enter the PIN code before the ISP blocks your SIM card.

5.4 Cellular Band Configuration

Either select Auto to have the Zyxel Device connect to an available network using the default settings on the SIM card or select the type of the network (4G, 3G, or 2G) to which you want the Zyxel Device to connect.
Click Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Band. The following screen opens.
Figure 26 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Band
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Chapter 5 Broadband
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 11 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Band
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Access Technology
Preferred Access Technology
Band Management
Band Auto Selection Select the LTE bands to use for the Zyxel Device’s WAN connection. Click to enable ( )
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to exit this screen without saving.
Select the type of the network (4G, 3G, or 2G) to which you want the Zyxel Device to connect and click Apply to save your settings.
Otherwise, select Auto to have the Zyxel Device connect to an available network using the default settings on the SIM card. If the currently registered mobile network is not available or the mobile network’s signal strength is too low, the Zyxel Device switches to another available mobile network.
automatic LTE frequency band selection as provided by your service provider. Otherwise, select disabled.

5.5 PLMN Configuration

Each service provider has its own unique Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) number. Either select PLMN Auto Selection to have the Zyxel Device connect to the service provider using the default settings on the
SIM card or manually view available PLMNs and select your service provider. Click Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular PLMN. The screen appears as shown next.
Figure 27 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular PLMN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 12 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular PLMN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
PLMN Management
PLMN Auto Selection Click to enable ( ) and have the Zyxel Device automatically connect to the first
available mobile network.
Select disabled to display the network list and manually select a preferred network.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the Zyxel Device. Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
After selecting to disable the following warning appears. Click OK to continue.
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Chapter 5 Broadband
Figure 28 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular PLMN > Manual Scan Warning
When the next screen appears, clicking Scan will allow the Zyxel Device to check for available PLMNs in its surroundings and display the network list.
Figure 29 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular PLMN > Manual Scan
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 13 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular PLMN > Manual Scan
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# Click the radio button so the Zyxel Device connects to this ISP. Status This shows Current to show the ISP the Zyxel Device is currently connected to.
Name This shows the ISP name.
Type This shows the type of network the ISP provides.
PLMN This shows the PLMN number. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the Zyxel Device. Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
Select from the network list and click Apply.

5.6 IP Passthrough

Chapter 5 Broadband
This shows Forbidden to indicate the Zyxel Device cannot connect to this ISP. This shows Available to indicate an available ISP your Zyxel Device can connect to.
Enable IP Passthrough to allow Internet traffic to go to a LAN computer behind the Zyxel Device without going through NAT.
Click Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular IP Passthrough to display the following screen.
Figure 30 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular IP Passthrough
Note: Changing the IP Passthrough settings may affect the network setting of client devices.
After selecting to enable the following warning appears. Click OK to continue.
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Chapter 5 Broadband
Figure 31 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular IP Passthrough > Enable Warning
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 14 Network Setting > Broadband > IP Passthrough
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Passthrough Management
IP Passthrough IP Passthrough allows a LAN computer on the local network of the Zyxel Device to have access to
Passthrough Mode
web services using the public IP address. When IP Passthrough is configured, all traffic is forwarded to the LAN computer and will not go through NAT.
Select Dynamic to allow traffic to be forwarded to any LAN computer on the local network of the Zyxel Device. Select Fixed to allow traffic to be forwarded to a specific LAN computer on the local network of the Zyxel Device.
Note: This field will show upon enabling IP Passthrough in the previous field.
Passthrough to fixed MAC
Enter the MAC address of a LAN computer on the local network of the Zyxel Device upon selecting Fixed in the previous field.
Note: This field will show upon selecting Fixed in the previous field.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to exit this screen without saving.
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6.1 Overview

This chapter describes the Zyxel Device’s Network Setting > Wireless screens. Use these screens to set up your Zyxel Device’s WiFi network and security settings.
6.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
This section describes the Zyxel Device’s Wireless screens. Use these screens to set up your Zyxel Device’s WiFi connection.
• Use the General screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the WiFi security mode
(Section 6.2 on page 47).
• Use the MAC Authentication screen to allow or deny wireless clients based on their MAC addresses
from connecting to the Zyxel Device (Section 6.3 on page 50).
• Use the WPS screen to enable or disable WPS, view or generate a security PIN (Personal Identification
Number) (Section 6.4 on page 52).
• Use the WMM screen to enable WiFi MultiMedia (WMM) to ensure quality of service in WiFi networks for
multimedia applications (Section 6.5 on page 54).
• Use the Others screen to configure WiFi advanced features, such as the RTS/CTS Threshold (Section 6.6
on page 55).
CHAPTER 6

Wireless

6.1.2 What You Need to Know
Wireless Basics
“Wireless” is essentially radio communication. In the same way that walkie-talkie radios send and receive information over the airwaves, wireless networking devices exchange information with one another. A wireless networking device is just like a radio that lets your computer exchange information with radios attached to other computers. Like walkie-talkies, most wireless networking devices operate at radio frequency bands that are open to the public and do not require a license to use. However, wireless networking is different from that of most traditional radio communications in that there are a number of wireless networking standards available with different methods of data encryption.
Finding Out More
See Section 6.7 on page 57 for advanced technical information on WiFi networks.
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6.2 General Settings

A WiFi network name (also known as SSID) and a security level are basic elements of a WiFi network. Set a Security Level to protect your data from unauthorized access or damage via WiFi. Use this screen to enable WiFi, enter the SSID and select the WiFi security mode. It’s recommended that you select More Secure to enable WPA2-PSK data encryption.
Note: If you are configuring the Zyxel Device from a computer connected to WiFi and you
change the Zyxel Device’s SSID, channel or security settings, you will lose your connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then change the your computer to match the Zyxel Device’s new settings.
Click Network Setting > Wireless to open the General screen.
Figure 32 Network Setting > Wireless > General
Chapter 6 Wireless
WiFi
WiFi settings of
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Chapter 6 Wireless
The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.
Table 15 Network Setting > Wireless > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WiFi Network Setup Band This shows the WiFi band which this radio profile is using. 2.4GHz is the frequency used by IEEE
802.11b/g/n WiFi clients while 5GHz is used by IEEE 802.11a/ac WiFi clients. WiFi Click Enable to enable the wireless LAN in this field. Channel Use Auto to have the Zyxel Device automatically determine a channel to use. Bandwidth Select whether the Zyxel Device uses a WiFi channel width of 20MHz, 40MHz or 20/40MHz.
A standard 20MHz channel offers transfer speeds of up to 150Mbps whereas a 40MHz channel uses two standard channels and offers speeds of up to 300Mbps.
40MHz (channel bonding or dual channel) bonds two adjacent radio channels to increase throughput. The WiFi clients must also support 40MHz. It is often better to use the 20MHz setting in a location where the environment hinders the
WiFi signal.
Select 20MHz if you want to lessen radio interference with other neighborhood or the
Control Sideband
WiFi Network Settings
WiFi Network Name
Max Clients Specify the maximum number of clients that can connect to this network at the same time.
Hide SSID Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot obtain
Multicast Forwarding
BSSID This shows the MAC address of the wireless interface on the Zyxel Device when wireless LAN is
Security Level Security Mode Select More Secure (WPA2-PSK) to add security on this WiFi network. The WiFi clients which want
This is available for some regions when you select a specific channel and set the Bandwidth field to 40MHz. Set whether the control channel (set in the Channel field) should be in the Lower or Upper range of channel bands.
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the service set with which a WiFi device is associated.
WiFi devices associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID.
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 English keyboard characters) for the wireless LAN.
the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool. This check box is grayed out if the WPS function is enabled in the Network > Wireless > WPS
screen.
Select this check box to allow the Zyxel Device to convert wireless multicast traffic into wireless unicast traffic.
enabled.
to associate to this network must have the same you select to use a security, additional options appears in this screen.
Or you can select No Security to allow any client to associate with this network without any data encryption or authentication.
WiFi clients do not support channel bonding.
WiFi security settings as the Zyxel Device. When
WiFi devices in your
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings. Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
6.2.1 No Security
Select No Security to allow wireless stations to communicate with the access points without any data encryption or authentication.
See the following sections for more details about this field.
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Note: If you do not enable any WiFi security on your Zyxel Device, your network is accessible to
any wireless networking device that is within range.
Figure 33 Wireless > General: No Security
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 16 Wireless > General: No Security
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Security Level Choose No Security to allow all WiFi connections without data encryption or authentication.
6.2.2 More Secure (WPA2-PSK)
The WPA2-PSK security mode is a newer, more robust version of the WPA encryption standard. It offers slightly better security, although the use of PSK makes it less robust than it could be. Using a Pre-Shared Key (PSK), both the Zyxel Device and the connecting client share a common password in order to validate the connection.
Chapter 6 Wireless
Click Network Setting > Wireless to display the General screen. Select More Secure as the security level.
WPA2-PSK is the default Security Mode.
Figure 34 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA2-PSK
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 17 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA2-PSK
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Security Level Select More Secure to enable WPA2-PSK data encryption. Security Mode WPA2-PSK is the default security mode.
Generate password automatically
Password Select Generate password automatically or enter a Password.
Select this option to have the Zyxel Device automatically generate a password. The password field will not be configurable when you select this option.
The password has two uses.
1. Manual. Manually enter the same password on the Zyxel Device and the client. Enter 8-63
ASCII characters or exactly 64 hexadecimal (‘0-9’, ‘a-f’) characters.
2. WPS. When using WPS, the Zyxel Device sends this password to the client.
Note: Enter 8-63 ASCII characters only. 64 hexadecimal characters are not accepted
for WPS.
Click the Eye icon to show or hide the password for your wireless network. When the Eye icon is slashed , you’ll see the password in plain text. Otherwise, it’s hidden.
more... Click this to show more fields in this section. Click this to hide them. Encryption AES is the default data encryption type, which uses a 128-bit key. Timer This is the rate at which the RADIUS server sends a new group key out to all clients.

6.3 MAC Authentication

Configure the Zyxel Device to give exclusive access to specific devices (Allow) or exclude specific devices from accessing the Zyxel Device (Deny) based on the device(s) MAC address. Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. It is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters; for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. You need to know the MAC addresses of the device(s) you want to allow/deny to configure this screen. Edit the list in the table to decide the rule of access on device(s).
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Use this screen to view your Zyxel Device’s MAC filter settings and add new MAC filter rules. Click
Network Setting > Wireless > MAC Authentication. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 35 Network Setting> Wireless > MAC Authentication
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 18 Network Setting> Wireless > MAC Authentication
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
SSID Select the SSID for which you want to configure MAC filter settings.
MAC Restrict Mode
MAC address List
Add new MAC address
# This is the index number of the entry. MAC Address This is the MAC addresses of the WiFi devices that are allowed or denied access to the Zyxel
Modify Click the Edit icon and type the MAC address of the peer device in a valid MAC address format
Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC Address table. Select Disable to turn off MAC filtering. Select Deny to block access to the Zyxel Device. MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to
access the Zyxel Device. Select Allow to permit access to the Zyxel Device. MAC addresses not listed will be denied
access to the Zyxel Device.
This field is available when you select Deny or Allow in the MAC Restrict Mode field.
Click this if you want to add a new MAC address entry to the MAC filter list below.
Enter the MAC addresses of the Device in these address fields. Enter the MAC addresses in a valid MAC address format, that is, six hexadecimal character pairs, for example, 12:34:56:78:9a:bc.
Device.
(six hexadecimal character pairs, for example 12:34:56:78:9a:bc).
WiFi devices that are allowed or denied access to the Zyxel
Click the Delete icon to delete the entry.
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Table 18 Network Setting> Wireless > MAC Authentication (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving. Apply Click Apply to save your changes.

6.4 WPS

Use this screen to configure WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) on your Zyxel Device.
WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) allows you to quickly set up a WiFi network with strong security, without having to configure security settings manually. Select one of the WPS methods and follow the instructions to establish a WPS connection. To set up a WPS connection between two devices, both devices must support WPS. It is recommended to use the Push Button Configuration (PBC) method if your WiFi client supports it. See Section 6.7.7.3 on page 65 for more information about WPS.
Note: The Zyxel Device uses the security settings of the SSID1 profile (see Section 6.2.2 on page
Chapter 6 Wireless
49).
Note: The WPS button will gray-out when wireless LAN or WPS is disabled.
If WPS is enabled, UPnP will automatically be turned on.
Click Network Setting > W ireless > WPS . The following screen displays. Click this switch and it will turn blue. Click Apply to activate the WPS function. Then you can configure the WPS settings in this screen.
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Figure 36 Network Setting > Wireless > WPS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 19 Network Setting > Wireless > WPS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
WPS Click to enable ( ) and have the Zyxel Device activate WPS. Otherwise, it is disabled.
Add a new device with WPS Method
Method 1 PBC Use this section to set up a WPS WiFi network using Push Button Configuration (PBC). Click this
WPS Click this button to add another WPS-enabled WiFi device (within WiFi range of the Zyxel
switch to make it turn blue. Click Apply to activate WPS method 1 on the Zyxel Device.
Device) to your WiFi network. This button may either be a physical button on the outside of a device, or a menu button similar to the WPS button on this screen.
Note: You must press the other WiFi device’s WPS button within two minutes of
pressing this button.
Method 2 PIN Use this section to set up a WPS WiFi network by entering the PIN of the client into the Zyxel
Device. Click this switch to make it turn blue. Click Apply to activate WPS method 2 on the Zyxel Device.
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Table 19 Network Setting > Wireless > WPS (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Register Enter the PIN of the device that you are setting up a WPS connection with and click Register to
authenticate and add the WiFi device to your WiFi network.
You can find the PIN either on the outside of the device, or by checking the device’s settings.
Note: You must also activate WPS on that device within two minutes to have it
present its PIN to the Zyxel Device.
Method 3 Use this section to set up a WPS WiFi network by entering the PIN of the Zyxel Device into the
Release Configuration
Generate New PIN
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings. Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
client. Click this switch to make it turn blue. Click Apply to activate WPS method 3 on the Zyxel Device.
The default WPS status is configured.
Click this button to remove all configured WiFi and WiFi security settings for WPS connections on the Zyxel Device.
If this method has been enabled, the PIN (Personal Identification Number) of the Zyxel Device is shown here. Enter this PIN in the configuration utility of the device you want to connect to using WPS.
The PIN is not necessary when you use the WPS push-button method. Click the Generate New PIN button to have the Zyxel Device create a new PIN.

6.5 WMM

Enable WiFi MultiMedia (WMM) and WMM Automatic Power Save (APSD) in WiFi networks for delay- sensitive multimedia applications. WMM enhances data transmission quality which allows delay-sensitive applications, such as videos, to run more smoothly. APSD improves power management of WiFi mobile clients. APSD works only if the WiFi device to which the Zyxel Device is connected also supports this feature.
Click Network Setting > Wireless > WMM to display the following screen.
Figure 37 Network Setting > Wireless > WMM
Note: WMM cannot be disabled if 802.11 mode includes 802.11n or 802.11ac.
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 20 Network Setting > Wireless > WMM
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WMM of SSID1~4 Select On to have the Zyxel Device automatically give the WiFi network (SSIDx) a priority level
WMM Automatic Power Save Delivery (APSD)
according to the ToS value in the IP header of packets it sends. WMM QoS ( Quality of Service) gives high priority to video, which makes them run more smoothly.
If the 802.11 Mode in Network Setting > Wireless > O thers is set to include 802.11n or 802.11ac, WMM cannot be disabled.
Select this option to extend the battery life of your mobile devices (especially useful for small devices that are running multimedia applications). The Zyxel Device goes to sleep mode to save power when it is not transmitting data. The AP buffers the packets sent to the Zyxel Device until the Zyxel Device "wakes up." The Zyxel Device wakes up periodically to check for incoming data.
WiFi MultiMedia
Note: This works only if the WiFi device to which the Zyxel Device is connected also
supports this feature.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings. Apply Click Apply to save your changes.

6.6 Others Settings

Use this screen to change the default advanced WiFi settings. See the User's Guide for field details. Click Network Setting > Wireless > Others. The screen appears as shown.
See Section 6.7.2 on page 59 for detailed definitions of the terms listed here.
Figure 38 Network Setting > Wireless > Others
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 21 Network Setting > Wireless > Others
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RTS/CTS Threshold
Fragmentation Threshold
Output Power Set the output power of the Zyxel Device. If there is a high density of APs in an area, decrease
Beacon Interval When a wirelessly networked device sends a beacon, it includes with it a beacon interval. This
DTIM Interval Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM) is the time period after which broadcast and
802.11 Mode For 2.4GHz frequency WLAN devices:
Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear To Send) handshake.
Enter a value between 0 and 2347.
This is the maximum data fragment size that can be sent. Enter a value between 256 and 2346.
the output power to reduce interference with other APs. Select one of the following: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% or 100%.
specifies the time period before the device sends the beacon again.
The interval tells receiving devices on the network how long they can wait in low power mode before waking up to handle the beacon. This value can be set from 50ms to 1000ms. A high value helps save current consumption of the access point.
multicast packets are transmitted to mobile clients in the Power Saving mode. A high DTIM value can cause clients to lose connectivity with the network. This value can be set from 1 to
255.
• Select 802.11b Only to allow only IEEE 802.11b compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the Zyxel Device.
• Select 802.11g Only to allow only IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the Zyxel Device.
• Select 802.11n Only to allow only IEEE 802.11n compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the Zyxel Device.
• Select 802.11b/g Mixed to allow either IEEE 802.11b or IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN
devices to associate with the Zyxel Device. The transmission rate of your Zyxel Device might be reduced.
• Select 802.11b/g/n Mixed to allow IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g or IEEE802.11n compliant
WLAN devices to associate with the Zyxel Device. The transmission rate of your Zyxel Device might be reduced.
For 5GHz frequency WLAN devices:
• Select 802.11a Only to allow only IEEE 802.11a compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the Zyxel Device.
• Select 802.11n Only to allow only IEEE 802.11n compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the Zyxel Device.
• Select 802.11ac Only to allow only IEEE 802.11ac compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the Zyxel Device.
• Select 802.11a/n Mixed to allow either IEEE 802.11a or IEEE 802.11n compliant WLAN devices
to associate with the Zyxel Device. The transmission rate of your Zyxel Device might be reduced.
• Select 802.11n/ac Mixed to allow either IEEE 802.11n or IEEE 802.11ac compliant WLAN
devices to associate with the Zyxel Device. The transmission rate of your Zyxel Device might be reduced.
• Select 802.11a/n/ac M i xe d to allow IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11n or IEEE802.11ac compliant
WLAN devices to associate with the Zyxel Device. The transmission rate of your Zyxel Device might be reduced.
802.11 Protection Enabling this feature can help prevent collisions in mixed-mode networks (networks with both
IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g traffic). Select Auto to have the wireless devices transmit data after a RTS/CTS handshake. This helps
improve IEEE 802.11g performance. Select Off to disable 802.11 protection. The transmission rate of your Zyxel Device might be
reduced in a mixed-mode network. This field displays Off and is not configurable when you set 802 .1 1 M ode to 802.11b Only.
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Table 21 Network Setting > Wireless > Others (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Preamble Select a preamble type from the drop-down list box. Choices are Long or Short. See Section
Protected Management Frames
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings. Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
6.7.6 on page 62 for more information.
This field is configurable only when you set 802.11 Mode to 802.11b.
WiFi with Protected Management Frames (PMF) provides protection for unicast and multicast management action frames. Unicast management action frames are protected from both eavesdropping and forging, and multicast management action frames are protected from forging. Select Capable if the WiFi client supports PMF, then the management frames will be encrypted. Select Required to force the WiFi client to support PMF; otherwise the authentication cannot be performed by the Zyxel Device. Otherwise, select Disabled.

6.7 Technical Reference

This section discusses wireless LANs in depth.
Chapter 6 Wireless
6.7.1 WiFi Network Overview
WiFi networks consist of WiFi clients, access points and bridges.
• A WiFi client is a radio connected to a user’s computer.
• An access point is a radio with a wired connection to a network, which can connect with numerous WiFi clients and let them access the network.
• A bridge is a radio that relays communications between access points and WiFi clients, extending a network’s range.
Normally, a WiFi network operates in an “infrastructure” type of network. An “infrastructure” type of network has one or more access points and one or more WiFi clients. The WiFi clients connect to the access points.
The following figure provides an example of a WiFi network.
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Figure 39 Example of a WiFi Network
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The WiFi network is the part in the blue circle. In this WiFi network, devices A and B use the access point (AP) to interact with the other devices (such as the printer) or with the Internet. Your Zyxel Device is the AP.
Every WiFi network must follow these basic guidelines.
• Every device in the same WiFi network must use the same SSID. The SSID is the name of the WiFi network. It stands for Service Set IDentifier.
• If two WiFi networks overlap, they should use a different channel. Like radio stations or television channels, each WiFi network uses a specific channel, or frequency, to
send and receive information.
• Every device in the same WiFi network must use security compatible with the AP. Security stops unauthorized devices from using the WiFi network. It can also protect the information
that is sent in the WiFi network.
Radio Channels
In the radio spectrum, there are certain frequency bands allocated for unlicensed, civilian use. For the purposes of WiFi networking, these bands are divided into numerous channels. This allows a variety of networks to exist in the same place without interfering with one another. When you create a network, you must select a channel to use.
Since the available unlicensed spectrum varies from one country to another, the number of available channels also varies.
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6.7.2 Additional Wireless Terms
The following table describes some WiFi network terms and acronyms used in the Zyxel Device’s Web Configurator.
Table 22 Additional WiFi Terms
TERM DESCRIPTION
RTS/CTS Threshold In a WiFi network which covers a large area, WiFi devices are sometimes not aware of
Preamble A preamble affects the timing in your WiFi network. There are two preamble modes: long
Authentication The process of verifying whether a WiFi device is allowed to use the WiFi network.
Fragmentation Threshold
each other’s presence. This may cause them to send information to the AP at the same time and result in information colliding and not getting through.
By setting this value lower than the default value, the WiFi devices must sometimes get permission to send information to the Zyxel Device. The lower the value, the more often the devices must get permission.
If this value is greater than the fragmentation threshold value (see below), then WiFi devices never have to get permission to send information to the Zyxel Device.
and short. If a device uses a different preamble mode than the Zyxel Device does, it cannot communicate with the Zyxel Device.
A small fragmentation threshold is recommended for busy networks, while a larger threshold provides faster performance if the network is not very busy.
Chapter 6 Wireless
6.7.3 WiFi Security Overview
By their nature, radio communications are simple to intercept. For WiFi data networks, this means that anyone within range of a WiFi network without security can not only read the data passing over the airwaves, but also join the network. Once an unauthorized person has access to the network, he or she can steal information or introduce malware (malicious software) intended to compromise the network. For these reasons, a variety of security systems have been developed to ensure that only authorized people can use a WiFi data network, or understand the data carried on it.
These security standards do two things. First, they authenticate. This means that only people presenting the right credentials (often a username and password, or a “key” phrase) can access the network. Second, they encrypt. This means that the information sent over the air is encoded. Only people with the code key can understand the information, and only people who have been authenticated are given the code key.
These security standards vary in effectiveness. Some can be broken, such as the old Wired Equivalent Protocol (WEP). Using WEP is better than using no security at all, but it will not keep a determined attacker out. Other security standards are secure in themselves but can be broken if a user does not use them properly. For example, the WPA-PSK security standard is very secure if you use a long key which is difficult for an attacker’s software to guess - for example, a twenty-letter long string of apparently random numbers and letters - but it is not very secure if you use a short key which is very easy to guess ­for example, a three-letter word from the dictionary.
Because of the damage that can be done by a malicious attacker, it’s not just people who have sensitive information on their network who should use security. Everybody who uses any WiFi network should ensure that effective security is in place.
A good way to come up with effective security keys, passwords and so on is to use obscure information that you personally will easily remember, and to enter it in a way that appears random and does not include real words. For example, if your mother owns a 1970 Dodge Challenger and her favorite movie is
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Vanishing Point (which you know was made in 1971) you could use “70dodchal71vanpoi” as your security key.
The following sections introduce different types of WiFi security you can set up in the WiFi network.
6.7.3.1 SSID
Normally, the Zyxel Device acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area. You can hide the SSID instead, in which case the Zyxel Device does not broadcast the SSID. In addition, you should change the default SSID to something that is difficult to guess.
This type of security is fairly weak, however, because there are ways for unauthorized WiFi devices to get the SSID. In addition, unauthorized WiFi devices can still see the information that is sent in the WiFi network.
6.7.3.2 MAC Address Filter
Chapter 6 Wireless
Every device that can use a WiFi network has a unique identification number, called a MAC address.1 A MAC address is usually written using twelve hexadecimal characters 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. To get the MAC address for each device in the WiFi network, see the device’s User’s Guide or other documentation.
You can use the MAC address filter to tell the Zyxel Device which devices are allowed or not allowed to use the WiFi network. If a device is allowed to use the WiFi network, it still has to have the correct information (SSID, channel, and security). If a device is not allowed to use the WiFi network, it does not matter if it has the correct information.
This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the WiFi network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized WiFi devices to get the MAC address of an authorized device. Then, they can use that MAC address to use the WiFi network.
6.7.3.3 User Authentication
Authentication is the process of verifying whether a WiFi device is allowed to use the WiFi network. You can make every user log in to the WiFi network before using it. However, every device in the WiFi network has to support IEEE 802.1x to do this.
For WiFi networks, you can store the user names and passwords for each user in a RADIUS server. This is a server used in businesses more than in homes. If you do not have a RADIUS server, you cannot set up user names and passwords for your users.
Unauthorized WiFi devices can still see the information that is sent in the WiFi network, even if they cannot use the WiFi network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized WiFi users to get a valid user name and password. Then, they can use that user name and password to use the WiFi network.
2
; for example, 00A0C5000002 or
6.7.3.4 Encryption
WiFi networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the WiFi network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot understand the message.
1. Some wireless devices, such as scanners, can detect WiFi networks but cannot use WiFi networks. These kinds of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses.
2. Hexadecimal characters are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.
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The types of encryption you can choose depend on the type of authentication. (See Section 6.7.3.3 on
page 60 for information about this.)
Table 23 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication
NO AUTHENTICATION RADIUS SERVER
Weakest No Security WPA
WPA-PSK
Strongest WPA2-PSK
WPA2
For example, if the WiFi network has a RADIUS server, you can choose WPA or WPA2. If users do not log in to the WiFi network, you can choose no encryption, WPA-PSK, or WPA2-PSK.
Note: It is recommended that WiFi networks use WPA-PSK, WPA, or stronger encryption. The
other types of encryption are better than none at all, but it is still possible for unauthorized WiFi devices to figure out the original information pretty quickly.
Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the WiFi network. The longer the key, the stronger the encryption. Every device in the WiFi network must have the same key.
6.7.4 Signal Problems
Because WiFi networks are radio networks, their signals are subject to limitations of distance, interference and absorption.
Problems with distance occur when the two radios are too far apart. Problems with interference occur when other radio waves interrupt the data signal. Interference may come from other radio transmissions, such as military or air traffic control communications, or from machines that are coincidental emitters such as electric motors or microwaves. Problems with absorption occur when physical objects (such as thick walls) are between the two radios, muffling the signal.
6.7.5 BSS
A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless stations go through one access point (AP).
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless stations in the BSS. When Intra-BSS traffic blocking is disabled, wireless station A and B can access the wired network and communicate with each other. When Intra­BSS traffic blocking is enabled, wireless station A and B can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with each other.
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Figure 40 Basic Service Set
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6.7.6 Preamble Type
Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver. Short and long refer to the length of the synchronization field in a packet.
Short preamble increases performance as less time sending preamble means more time for sending data. All IEEE 802.11 compliant wireless adapters support long preamble, but not all support short preamble.
Use long preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode other WiFi devices on the network support, and to provide more reliable communications in busy WiFi networks.
Use short preamble if you are sure all WiFi devices on the network support it, and to provide more efficient communications.
Use the dynamic setting to automatically use short preamble when all WiFi devices on the network support it, otherwise the Zyxel Device uses long preamble.
Note: The WiFi devices MUST use the same preamble mode in order to communicate.
6.7.7 WiFi Protected Setup (WPS)
Your Zyxel Device supports WiFi Protected Setup (WPS), which is an easy way to set up a secure WiFi network. WPS is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance.
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WPS allows you to quickly set up a WiFi network with strong security, without having to configure security settings manually. Each WPS connection works between two devices. Both devices must support WPS (check each device’s documentation to make sure).
Depending on the devices you have, you can either press a button (on the device itself, or in its configuration utility) or enter a PIN (a unique Personal Identification Number that allows one device to authenticate the other) in each of the two devices. When WPS is activated on a device, it has two minutes to find another device that also has WPS activated. Then, the two devices connect and set up a secure network by themselves.
6.7.7.1 Push Button Configuration
WPS Push Button Configuration (PBC) is initiated by pressing a button on each WPS-enabled device, and allowing them to connect automatically. You do not need to enter any information.
Not every WPS-enabled device has a physical WPS button. Some may have a WPS PBC button in their configuration utilities instead of or in addition to the physical button.
Take the following steps to set up WPS using the button.
1 Ensure that the two devices you want to set up are within wireless range of one another.
Chapter 6 Wireless
2 Look for a WPS button on each device. If the device does not have one, log into its configuration utility
and locate the button (see the device’s User’s Guide for how to do this - for the Zyxel Device, see
Section 6.4 on page 52).
3 Press the button on one of the devices (it doesn’t matter which). For the Zyxel Device you must press the
WiFi button for more than five seconds.
4 Within two minutes, press the button on the other device. The registrar sends the network name (SSID)
and security key through a secure connection to the enrollee.
If you need to make sure that WPS worked, check the list of associated WiFi clients in the AP’s configuration utility. If you see the WiFi client in the list, WPS was successful.
6.7.7.2 PIN Configuration
Each WPS-enabled device has its own PIN (Personal Identification Number). This may either be static (it cannot be changed) or dynamic (in some devices you can generate a new PIN by clicking on a button in the configuration interface).
Use the PIN method instead of the push-button configuration (PBC) method if you want to ensure that the connection is established between the devices you specify, not just the first two devices to activate WPS in range of each other. However, you need to log into the configuration interfaces of both devices to use the PIN method.
When you use the PIN method, you must enter the PIN from one device (usually the WiFi client) into the second device (usually the Access Point or wireless router). Then, when WPS is activated on the first device, it presents its PIN to the second device. If the PIN matches, one device sends the network and security information to the other, allowing it to join the network.
Take the following steps to set up a WPS connection between an access point or wireless router (referred to here as the AP) and a client device using the PIN method.
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1 Ensure WPS is enabled on both devices.
2 Access the WPS section of the AP’s configuration interface. See the device’s User’s Guide on how to do
this.
3 Look for the client’s WPS PIN; it will be displayed either on the device, or in the WPS section of the client’s
configuration interface (see the device’s User’s Guide on how to find the WPS PIN - for the Zyxel Device, see Section 6.4 on page 52).
4 Enter the client’s PIN in the AP’s configuration interface.
5 If the client device’s configuration interface has an area for entering another device’s PIN, you can
either enter the client’s PIN in the AP, or enter the AP’s PIN in the client - it does not matter which.
6 Start WPS on both devices within two minutes.
7 Use the configuration utility to activate WPS, not the push-button on the device itself.
8 On a computer connected to the WiFi client, try to connect to the Internet. If you can connect, WPS
was successful.
If you cannot connect, check the list of associated WiFi clients in the AP’s configuration utility. If you see the WiFi client in the list, WPS was successful.
The following figure shows a WPS-enabled WiFi client (installed in a notebook computer) connecting to the WPS-enabled AP via the PIN method.
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Figure 41 Example WPS Process: PIN Method
6.7.7.3 How WPS Works
When two WPS-enabled devices connect, each device must assume a specific role. One device acts as the registrar (the device that supplies network and security settings) and the other device acts as the enrollee (the device that receives network and security settings. The registrar creates a secure EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) tunnel and sends the network name (SSID) and the WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK pre-shared key to the enrollee. Whether WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK is used depends on the standards supported by the devices. If the registrar is already part of a network, it sends the existing information. If not, it generates the SSID and WPA(2)-PSK randomly.
The following figure shows a WPS-enabled client (installed in a notebook computer) connecting to a WPS-enabled access point.
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Figure 42 How WPS works
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The roles of registrar and enrollee last only as long as the WPS setup process is active (two minutes). The next time you use WPS, a different device can be the registrar if necessary.
The WPS connection process is like a handshake; only two devices participate in each WPS transaction. If you want to add more devices you should repeat the process with one of the existing networked devices and the new device.
Note that the access point (AP) is not always the registrar, and the WiFi client is not always the enrollee. All WPS-certified APs can be a registrar, and so can some WPS-enabled WiFi clients.
By default, a WPS device is ‘unconfigured’. This means that it is not part of an existing network and can act as either enrollee or registrar (if it supports both functions). If the registrar is unconfigured, the security settings it transmits to the enrollee are randomly-generated. Once a WPS-enabled device has connected to another device using WPS, it becomes ‘configured’. A configured WiFi client can still act as enrollee or registrar in subsequent WPS connections, but a configured access point can no longer act as enrollee. It will be the registrar in all subsequent WPS connections in which it is involved. If you want a configured AP to act as an enrollee, you must reset it to its factory defaults.
6.7.7.4 Example WPS Network Setup
This section shows how security settings are distributed in a sample WPS setup.
The following figure shows a sample network. In step 1, both AP1 and Client 1 are unconfigured. When WPS is activated on both, they perform the handshake. In this example, AP1 is the registrar, and Client 1
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is the enrollee. The registrar randomly generates the security information to set up the network, since it is unconfigured and has no existing information.
Figure 43 WPS: Example Network Step 1
In step 2, you add another WiFi client to the network. You know that Client 1 supports registrar mode, but it is better to use AP1 for the WPS handshake with the new client since you must connect to the access point anyway in order to use the network. In this case, AP1 must be the registrar, since it is configured (it already has security information for the network). AP1 supplies the existing security information to Client
2.
Figure 44 WPS: Example Network Step 2
In step 3, you add another access point (AP2) to your network. AP2 is out of range of AP1, so you cannot use AP1 for the WPS handshake with the new access point. However, you know that Client 2 supports the registrar function, so you use it to perform the WPS handshake instead.
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Figure 45 WPS: Example Network Step 3
6.7.7.5 Limitations of WPS
WPS has some limitations of which you should be aware.
• When you use WPS, it works between two devices only. You cannot enroll multiple devices simultaneously, you must enroll one after the other.
For instance, if you have two enrollees and one registrar you must set up the first enrollee (by pressing the WPS button on the registrar and the first enrollee, for example), then check that it was successfully enrolled, then set up the second device in the same way.
• WPS works only with other WPS-enabled devices. However, you can still add non-WPS devices to a network you already set up using WPS.
WPS works by automatically issuing a randomly-generated WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK pre-shared key from the registrar device to the enrollee devices. Whether the network uses WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK depends on the device. You can check the configuration interface of the registrar device to discover the key the network is using (if the device supports this feature). Then, you can enter the key into the non-WPS device and join the network as normal (the non-WPS device must also support WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK).
• When you use the PBC method, there is a short period (from the moment you press the button on one device to the moment you press the button on the other device) when any WPS-enabled device could join the network. This is because the registrar has no way of identifying the ‘correct’ enrollee, and cannot differentiate between your enrollee and a rogue device. This is a possible way for a hacker to gain access to a network.
You can easily check to see if this has happened. WPS only works simultaneously between two devices, so if another device has enrolled your device will be unable to enroll, and will not have access to the network. If this happens, open the access point’s configuration interface and look at the list of associated clients (usually displayed by MAC address). It does not matter if the access point
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is the WPS registrar, the enrollee, or was not involved in the WPS handshake; a rogue device must still associate with the access point to gain access to the network. Check the MAC addresses of your WiFi clients (usually printed on a label on the bottom of the device). If there is an unknown MAC address you can remove it or reset the AP.
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7.1 Overview

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are attached. A LAN is usually located in one immediate area such as a building or floor of a building.
The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server and manage IP addresses.
CHAPTER 7

Home Networking

7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
• Use the LAN Setup screen to set the LAN IP address, subnet mask, and DHCP settings (Section 7.2 on
page 71).
• Use the Static DHCP screen to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on their MAC addresses (Section 7.3 on page 75).
• Use the UPnP screen to enable UPnP (Section 7.4 on page 77).
7.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
7.1.2.1 About LAN IP Address
Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a LAN share one common network number. This is known as an Internet Protocol address.
Subnet Mask
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your Zyxel Device will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the Zyxel Device unless you are instructed to do otherwise.
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DHCP
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. This Zyxel Device has a built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.
DNS
DNS (Domain Name System) maps a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it. The DNS server addresses you enter when you set up DHCP are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and subnet mask.
7.1.2.2 About UPnP How do I know if I'm using UPnP?
UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder (Windows 7). Each UPnP compatible device installed on your network will appear as a separate icon. Selecting the icon of a UPnP device will allow you to access the information and properties of that device.
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Cautions with UPnP
The automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own services and opening firewall ports may present network security issues. Network information and configuration may also be obtained and modified by users in some network environments.
When a UPnP device joins a network, it announces its presence with a multicast message. For security reasons, the Zyxel Device allows multicast messages on the LAN only.
All UPnP-enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without additional configuration. Disable UPnP if this is not your intention.
UPnP and Zyxel
Zyxel has achieved UPnP certification from the Universal Plug and Play Forum UPnP™ Implementers Corp. (UIC). Zyxel's UPnP implementation supports Internet Gateway Device (IGD) 1.0.
See Section 7.6 on page 79 for examples on installing and using UPnP.

7.2 LAN Setup

A LAN IP address is the IP address of a networking device in the LAN. You can use the Zyxel Device's LAN IP address to access its Web Configurator from the LAN. The DHCP server settings define the rules on assigning IP addresses to LAN clients on your network. Set the Local Area Network IP address and subnet mask of your Zyxel Device and configure the DNS server information that the Zyxel Device sends to the DHCP clients on the LAN in this screen. Click Network Setting > Home Networking to open the LAN Setup screen.
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Figure 46 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup
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The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 24 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Interface Group
Group Name This displays the name of the group that your Zyxel Device belongs to.
LAN IP Setup
IP Address Enter the LAN IP address you want to assign to your Zyxel Device in dotted decimal notation,
for example, 192.168.1.1 (factory default).
Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask of your network in dotted decimal notation, for example 255.255.255.0
DHCP Server State DHCP Select Enable to have your Zyxel Device assign IP addresses, an IP default gateway and DNS
IP Addressing Values
Beginning IP Address
Ending IP Address This field specifies the last of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.
Auto reserve IP for the same host
DHCP Server Lease Time
Days/Hours/Minutes DHCP server leases an address to a new device for a period of time, called the DHCP lease
DNS Values
DNS The Zyxel Device supports DNS proxy by default. The Zyxel Device sends out its own LAN IP
(factory default). Your Zyxel Device automatically computes the subnet mask based on the IP address you enter, so do not change this field unless you are instructed to do so.
servers to LAN computers and other devices that are DHCP clients. If you select Disable, you need to manually configure the IP addresses of the computers and
other devices on your LAN. If you select DHCP Relay, the Zyxel Device acts as a surrogate DHCP server and relays DHCP
requests and responses between the remote server and the clients.
When DHCP is used, the following fields need to be set:
This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.
Enable this if you want to reserve the IP address for the same host.
time. When the lease expires, the DHCP server might assign the IP address to a different device.
address to the DHCP clients as the first DNS server address. DHCP clients use this first DNS server to send domain-name queries to the Zyxel Device. The Zyxel Device sends a response directly if it has a record of the domain-name to IP address mapping. If it does not, the Zyxel Device queries an outside DNS server and relays the response to the DHCP client.
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the Zyxel Device's WAN IP address).
Select Static if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right.
Select DNS Proxy to have the DHCP clients use the Zyxel Device’s own LAN IP address. The Zyxel Device works as a DNS relay.
LAN IPv6 Mode Setup IPv6 Active Use this field to Enable or Disable IPv6 activation on the Zyxel Device.
When IPv6 activation is used, the following fields need to be set:
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Table 24 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Link Local Address Type
A link-local address uniquely identifies a device on the local network (the LAN). It is similar to a “private IP address” in IPv6. You can have the same link-local address on multiple interfaces on a device. A link-local unicast address has a predefined prefix of fe80::/10. The link-local unicast address format is as follows. Select EU generate an interface ID for the LAN interface’s link-local address using the EU Otherwise, enter an interface ID for the LAN interface’s link-local address if you select Manual.
I64 to allow the Zyxel Device to
I-64 format.
LAN Global Identifier Type
LAN IPv6 Prefix Setup
LAN IPv6 Address Assign Setup
LAN IPv6 DNS Assign Setup
DHCPv6 Configuration
IPv6 Router Advertisement State
IPv6 DNS Values
IPv6 DNS Server 1~3
Select EU global address. Select Manual to manually enter an interface ID for the LAN interface’s global IPv6 address.
Select Delegate prefix from WAN to automatically obtain an IPv6 network prefix from the service provider or an uplink router. Select Static to configure a fixed IPv6 address for the Zyxel Device’s LAN IPv6 address.
Select how you want to obtain an IPv6 address: Stateless: The Zyxel Device uses IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration. RADVD (Router
Advertisement Daemon) is enabled to have the Zyxel Device send IPv6 prefix information in router advertisements periodically and in response to router solicitations. DHCPv6 server is disabled.
Stateful: The Zyxel Device uses IPv6 stateful autoconfiguration. The DHCPv6 server is enabled to have the Zyxel Device act as a DHCPv6 server and pass IPv6 addresses to DHCPv6 clients.
Select how the Zyxel Device provide DNS server and domain name information to the clients:
From Router Adverti sement: The Zyxel Device provides DNS information through router advertisements.
From DHCPv6 Server: The Zyxel Device provides DNS information through DHCPv6. From RA & DHCPv6 Server: The Zyxel Device provides DNS information through both router
advertisements and DHCPv6. DHCPv6 Active shows the status of the DHCPv6. DHCPv6 Ser ver displays if you configured the
Zyxel Device to act as a DHCPv6 server which assigns IPv6 addresses and/or DNS information to clients.
RADVD Active shows whether RADVD is enabled or not.
Specify the IP addresses up to three DNS servers for the DHCP clients to use. Use one of the following ways to specify these IP addresses.
User Defined - Select this if you have the IPv6 address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server IPv6 addresses the Zyxel Device passes to the DHCP clients.
From ISP - Select this if your ISP dynamically assigns IPv6 DNS server information.
I64 to have the Zyxel Device generate an interface ID using the EUI-64 format for its
Proxy - Select this if the DHCP clients use the IP address of this interface and the Zyxel Device works as a DNS relay.
Otherwise, select None if you do not want to configure IPv6 DNS servers.
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Table 24 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
DNS Query Scenario Select how the Zyxel Device handles clients’ DNS information requests.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes. Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.

7.3 Static DHCP

Chapter 7 Home Networking
IPv4/IPv6 DNS Ser ver: The Zyxel Device forwards the requests to both the IPv4 and IPv6 DNS servers and sends clients the first DNS information it receives.
IPv6 DNS Server Only: The Zyxel Device forwards the requests to the IPv6 DNS server and sends clients the DNS information it receives.
IPv4 DNS Server Only: The Zyxel Device forwards the requests to the IPv4 DNS server and sends clients the DNS information it receives.
IPv6 DNS Server First: The Zyxel Device forwards the requests to the IPv6 DNS server first and then the IPv4 DNS server. Then it sends clients the first DNS information it receives.
IPv4 DNS Server First: The Zyxel Device forwards the requests to the IPv4 DNS server first and then the IPv6 DNS server. Then it sends clients the first DNS information it receives.
When any of the LAN clients in your network want an assigned fixed IP address, add a static lease for each LAN client. Knowing the LAN client’s MAC addresses is necessary. Assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on their MAC addresses.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
7.3.1 Before You Begin
Find out the MAC addresses of your network devices if you intend to add them to the Static DHCP screen.
Use this screen to change your Zyxel Device’s static DHCP settings. Click Network Setting > Home
Networking > Static DHCP to open the following screen.
Figure 47 Network Setting > Home Networking > Static DHCP
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 25 Network Setting > Home Networking > Static DHCP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Static DHCP Configuration
# This is the index number of the entry.
Status Active
MAC Address The MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address on a LAN (Local Area Network) is
IP Address This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above. Modify Click the Edit icon to configure the connection.
Click this to configure a static DHCP entry.
unique to your computer (six pairs of hexadecimal notation).
A network interface card such as an Ethernet adapter has a hardwired address that is assigned at the factory. This address follows an industry standard that ensures no other adapter has a similar address.
If you click Static DHCP Configuration in the Static DHCP screen, the following screen displays.
Figure 48 Static DHCP: Static DHCP Configuration
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 26 Static DHCP: Configuration
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Enable static DHCP in your Zyxel Device. Group Name This displays the Group Name, usually Default. IP Type The IP Type is normally IPv4 (non-configurable). Select Device Info Select between Manual Input which allows you to enter the next two fields (MAC Address
MAC Address Enter the MAC address of a computer on your LAN if you select Manual Input in the previous
IP Address Enter the IP address that you want to assign to the computer on your LAN with the MAC
OK Click OK to save your changes. Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
and IP Address); or selecting an existing device would show its MAC address and IP address.
field.
address that you will also specify if you select Manual Input in the previous field.
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7.4 UPnP

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a distributed, open networking standard that uses TCP/IP for simple peer-to-peer network connectivity between networking devices and software that also have UPnP enabled. A UPnP device can dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities and learn about other devices on the network. A device can leave a network smoothly and automatically when it is no longer in use.
See Section 7.6 on page 79 for more information on UPnP.
Use the following screen to configure the UPnP settings on your Zyxel Device. Click Network Sett in g >
Home Networking > UPnP to display the screen shown next.
Figure 49 Network Setting > Home Networking > UPnP
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 27 Network Settings > Home Networking > UPnP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
UPnP State UPnP Select Enable to activate UPnP. Be aware that anyone could use a UPnP application to open
UPnP NAT-T State UPnP NAT-T Select Enable to activate UPnP with NAT enabled. UPnP NAT traversal automates the process
# This field displays the index number of the entry.
Description This field displays the description of the UPnP NAT-T connection.
Destination IP Address
External Port This field displays the external port number that identifies the service.
the Web Configurator's login screen without entering the Zyxel Device's IP address (although you must still enter the password to access the Web Configurator).
of allowing an application to operate through NAT. UPnP network devices can automatically configure network addressing, announce their presence in the network to other UPnP devices and enable exchange of simple product and service descriptions.
This field displays the IP address of the other connected UPnP-enabled device.
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Table 27 Network Settings > Home Networking > UPnP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Internal Port This field displays the internal port number that identifies the service.
Protocol This field displays the protocol of the NAT mapping rule (TCP or UDP). Apply Click Apply to save your changes. Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.

7.5 Technical Reference

This section provides some technical background information about the topics covered in this chapter.
LANs, WANs and the Zyxel Device
The actual physical connection determines whether the Zyxel Device ports are LAN or WAN ports. There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other outside the WAN network as shown next.
Figure 50 LAN and WAN IP Addresses
Private IP Addresses
Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from the Internet, for example, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks:
• 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255
• 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255
• 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255
You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or it can be assigned from a private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP, the ISP can provide you
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with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.
Note: Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address; always
follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, “Address Allocation for Private Internets” and RFC 1466, “Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.”

7.6 Turn on UPnP in Windows 7 Example

This section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows 7. UPnP server is installed in Windows 7. Activate UPnP on the Zyxel Device by clicking Network Setting > Home Networking > UPnP.
Make sure the computer is connected to the LAN port of the Zyxel Device. Turn on your computer and the Zyxel Device.
1 Click the start icon, Control Panel and then the Network and Sharing Center.
2 Click Change Advanced Sharing Settings.
3 Select Turn on network discovery and click Save Changes. Network discovery allows your computer to
find other computers and devices on the network and other computers on the network to find your computer. This makes it easier to share files and printers.
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7.6.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device
Before you follow these steps, make sure you already have UPnP activated on the Zyxel Device and in your computer.
Make sure your computer is connected to the LAN port of the Zyxel Device.
1 Open Windows Explorer and click Network.
2 Right-click the Zyxel Device icon and select Properties.
Figure 51 Network Connections
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3 In the Internet Connection Properties window, click Settings to see port mappings.
Figure 52 Internet Connection Properties
4 You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port mappings.
Figure 53 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings
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Figure 54 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add
Note: When the UPnP-enabled device is disconnected from your computer, all port
mappings will be deleted automatically.
5 Click OK. Check the network icon on the system tray to see your Internet connection status.
Figure 55 System Tray Icon
6 To see more details about your current Internet connection status, right click the network icon in the
system tray and click Open Network and Sharing Center. Click Local Area Network.
Figure 56 Internet Connection Status

7.7 Turn on UPnP in Windows 10 Example

This section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows 10. UPnP server is installed in Windows 10. Activate UPnP on the Zyxel Device by clicking Network Setting > Home Networking > UPnP.
Make sure the computer is connected to the LAN port of the Zyxel Device. Turn on your computer and the Zyxel Device.
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1 Click the start icon, Settings and then Network & Internet.
2 Click Network and Sharing Center.
3 Click Change advanced sharing settings.
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4 Under Domain, select Turn on network discovery and click Save Changes. Network discovery allows your
computer to find other computers and devices on the network and other computers on the network to find your computer. This makes it easier to share files and printers.
7.7.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device
Before you follow these steps, make sure you already have UPnP activated on the Zyxel Device and in your computer.
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Make sure your computer is connected to the LAN port of the Zyxel Device.
1 Open File Explorer and click Network.
2 Right-click the Zyxel Device icon and select Properties.
Figure 57 Network Connections
3 In the Internet Connection Properties window, click Settings to see port mappings.
Figure 58 Internet Connection Properties
4 You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port mappings.
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Figure 59 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings
Figure 60 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add
Note: When the UPnP-enabled device is disconnected from your computer, all port
mappings will be deleted automatically.
5 Click OK. Check the network icon on the system tray to see your Internet connection status.
Figure 61 System Tray Icon
6 To see more details about your current Internet connection status, right click the network icon in the
system tray and click Open Network & Internet settings. Click Network and Sharing Center and click the Connections.
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Figure 62 Internet Connection Status

7.8 Web Configurator Easy Access in Windows 7

With UPnP, you can access the Web-based Configurator on the Zyxel Device without needing to find out the IP address of the Zyxel Device first. This comes helpful if you do not know the IP address of the Zyxel Device.
Follow the steps below to access the Web Configurator.
1 Open Windows Explorer.
2 Click Network.
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Figure 63 Network Connections
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3 An icon with the description for each UPnP-enabled device displays under Network Infrastructure.
4 Right-click the icon for your Zyxel Device and select View device webpage. The Web Configurator login
screen displays. Figure 64 Network Connections: My Network Places
5 Right-click the icon for your Zyxel Device and select Properties. Click the Network Device tab. A window
displays with information about the Zyxel Device.
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Figure 65 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example

7.9 Web Configurator Easy Access in Windows 10

Follow the steps below to access the Web Configurator.
1 Open File Explorer.
2 Click Network.
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Figure 66 Network Connections
Chapter 7 Home Networking
3 An icon with the description for each UPnP-enabled device displays under Network Infrastructure.
4 Right-click the icon for your Zyxel Device and select View device webpage. The Web Configurator login
screen displays. Figure 67 Network Connections: Network Infrastructure
5 Right-click the icon for your Zyxel Device and select Properties. Click the Network Device tab. A window
displays information about the Zyxel Device.
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Figure 68 Network Connections: Network Infrastructure: Properties: Example
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8.1 Overview

WAN
R1
R2
A
R3
LAN
The Zyxel Device usually uses the default gateway to route outbound traffic from computers on the LAN to the Internet. To have the Zyxel Device send data to devices not reachable through the default gateway, use static routes.
For example, the next figure shows a computer (A) connected to the Zyxel Device’s LAN interface. The Zyxel Device routes most traffic from A to the Internet through the Zyxel Device’s default gateway (R1). You create one static route to connect to services offered by your ISP behind router R2. You create another static route to communicate with a separate network behind a router R3 connected to the LAN.
Figure 69 Example of Static Routing Topology
CHAPTER 8

Routing

8.2 Configure Static Route

View and configure static route rules on the Zyxel Device. The purpose of a static route is to save time and bandwidth usage when LAN devices within an Intranet are transferring files or packets, especially when there are more than two Internet connections in your home or office network. Click Network Setting > Routing to open the Static Route screen.
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Figure 70 Network Setting > Routing > Static Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 28 Network Setting > Routing > Static Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add New Static Route
# This is the number of an individual static route.
Status This field indicates whether the rule is active (yellow bulb) or not (gray bulb).
Name This is the name of the static route.
Destination IP This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination. Routing is always based
Subnet Mask/ Prefix Length
Gateway This is the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the same network
Interface This is the WAN interface through which the traffic is routed. Modify Click the Edit icon to go to the screen where you can set up a static route on the Zyxel Device.
Click this to set up a new static route on the Zyxel Device.
on network number.
This parameter specifies the IP network subnet mask of the final destination.
segment as the Zyxel Device's LAN or WAN port. The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations.
Click the Delete icon to remove a static route from the Zyxel Device.
8.2.1 Add/Edit Static Route
Click Add New Static Route in the Static Route screen, the following screen appears. Configure the required information for a static route.
Note: The Gateway IP Address must be within the range of the selected interface in Use
Interface.
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Figure 71 Routing: Add New Static Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 29 Routing: Add/Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Activates static route.
Route Name Assign a name for your static route (up to 15 characters). Special characters are allowed
IP Type Select between IPv4 or IPv6. Compared to IPv4, IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6), is designed to
Destination IP Address
IP Subnet Mask Enter the IP subnet mask here.
Use Gateway IP Address
Gateway IP Address
Use Interface You can decide if you want to forward packets to a gateway IP address (Default) or a bound
except the following: double quote (") back quote (`) apostrophe or single quote (') less than (<) greater than (>) caret or circumflex accent (^) dollar sign ($) vertical bar (|) ampersand (&) semicolon (;)
enhance IP address size and features. The increase in IPv6 address size to 128 bits (from the 32­bit IPv4 address) allows up to 3.4 x 1038 IP addresses. The Zyxel Device can use IPv4/IPv6 dual stack to connect to IPv4 and IPv6 networks, and supports IPv6 rapid deployment (6RD).
This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination. Routing is always based on network number. If you need to specify a route to a single host, use a subnet mask of
255.255.255.255 in the subnet mask field to force the network number to be identical to the host ID.
Enables forwarding packets to a gateway IP address or a bound interface.
You can decide if you want to forward packets to a gateway IP address or a bound interface. If you want to configure Gateway IP Address, enter the IP address of the next-hop gateway. The
gateway is a router or switch on the same network segment as the Zyxel Device's LAN or WAN port. The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations.
interface (Cellular WAN).
If you want to configure bound interface, choose an interface through which the traffic is sent. You must have the WAN interfaces already configured in the Broadband screen.
OK Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to exit this screen without saving.
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8.3 DNS Route

Configure how domain name - IP address mapping queries are forwarded from the Zyxel Device to a DNS (Domain Name System) server if your Zyxel Device has multiple WAN interfaces. Click Network
Setting > Routing > DNS Route to open the DNS Route screen.
Figure 72 Network Setting > Routing > DNS Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 30 Network Setting > Routing > DNS Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add New DNS Route
# This is the number of an individual DNS route.
Status This field indicates whether the rule is active (yellow bulb) or not (gray bulb).
Domain Name This is the domain name to which the DNS route applies.
WAN Interface This is the WAN interface through which the matched DNS request is routed.
Subnet Mask This parameter specifies the IP network subnet mask. Modify Click the Edit icon to configure a DNS route on the Zyxel Device.
Chapter 8 Routing
Click this to create a new entry.
Click the Delete icon to remove a DNS route from the Zyxel Device.
8.3.1 Add/Edit DNS Route
Click Add New DNS Route in the DNS Route screen, use this screen to configure the required information for a DNS route.
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Figure 73 Add New DNS Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 31 DNS Route: Add/Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Enable DNS route in your Zyxel Device.
Domain Name Enter the domain name you want to resolve.
You can use the wildcard character, an “*” (asterisk) as the left most part of a domain name, such as *.example.com. The Zyxel Device forwards DNS queries for any domain name ending in example.com to the WAN interface specified in this route.
Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask of the network for which to use the DNS route in dotted decimal notation,
for example 255.255.255.255.
WAN Interface Select a WAN interface through which the matched DNS query is sent. You must have the WAN
OK Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to exit this screen without saving.
interface(s) already configured in the Broadband screen.

8.4 Policy Route

Traditionally, routing is based on the destination address only and the Zyxel Device takes the shortest path to forward a packet. Policy routes allow you to override the default routing behavior. Policy-based routing is applied to outgoing packets, and is especially useful when there are more than two Internet connections available in your home or office network.
You can use source-based policy forwarding to direct traffic from different users through different connections or distribute traffic among multiple paths for load sharing.
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The Policy Route screen let you view and configure routing policies on the Zyxel Device. Click Network
Setting > Routing > Policy Route to open the following screen.
Figure 74 Network Setting > Routing > Policy Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 32 Network Setting > Routing >Policy Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add New Policy Route
# This is the index number of the entry.
Status This field displays whether the DNS route is active or not. A yellow bulb signifies that this DNS route
Name This is the name of the rule.
Source IP This is the source IP address.
Source Subnet Mask
Protocol This is the transport layer protocol.
Source Port This is the source port number.
Source MAC This is the source MAC address.
Source Interface
WAN Interface This is the WAN interface through which the traffic is routed. Modify Click the Edit icon to edit this policy.
Click this to create a new policy forwarding rule.
is active. A gray bulb signifies that this DNS route is not active.
This is the source subnet mask address.
This is the interface from which the matched traffic is sent.
Click the Delete icon to remove a policy from the Zyxel Device. A window displays asking you to confirm that you want to delete the policy.
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8.4.1 Add/Edit Policy Route
Click Add New Policy Route in the Policy Route screen or click the Edit icon next to a policy. Use this screen to configure the required information for a policy route.
Figure 75 Policy Route: Add/Edit
Chapter 8 Routing
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 33 Policy Route: Add/Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Click this to enable (turns blue) activation of the policy route. Otherwise, click to disable (turns
gray).
Route Name Enter a descriptive name of up to 8 printable English keyboard characters, not including spaces.
Source IP Address
Source Subnet Mask
Protocol Select the transport layer protocol (TCP or UDP).
Source Port Enter the source port number.
Source MAC Enter the source MAC address.
Source Interface (ex: br0 or LAN1~LAN4)
WAN Interface Select a WAN interface through which the traffic is sent. You must have the WAN interface(s)
Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving. OK Click OK to save your changes.
Enter the source IP address.
Enter the source subnet mask address.
Type the name of the interface from which the matched traffic is sent.
already configured in the Broadband screens.
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8.5 RIP Overview

Routing Information Protocol (RIP, RFC 1058 and RFC 1389) allows a Zyxel Device to exchange routing information with other routers. To activate RIP for the WAN interface, select the supported RIP version and operation.
8.5.1 RIP
Click Network Setting > Routing > RIP to open the RIP screen. Select the desired RIP version and operation by clicking the check box. To stop RIP on the WAN interface, clear the check box. Click the
Apply button to start/stop RIP and save the configuration.
Figure 76 Network Setting > Routing > RIP
Chapter 8 Routing
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 34 Network Setting > Routing > RIP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index of the interface in which the RIP setting is used.
Interface This is the name of the interface in which the RIP setting is used.
Version The RIP version controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the
Zyxel Device sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP version 1 is universally supported but RIP version 2 carries more information. RIP version 1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you have an unusual network topology.
Operation Select Passive to have the Zyxel Device update the routing table based on the RIP packets
received from neighbors but not advertise its route information to other routers in this interface. Select Active to have the Zyxel Device advertise its route information and also listen for routing
updates from neighboring routers.
Enable Select the check box to activate the settings.
Disable Default Gateway
Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the Zyxel Device.
Select the check box to set the Zyxel Device to not send the route information to the default gateway.
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CHAPTER 9
Network Address Translation
(NAT)

9.1 Overview

NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network to a different IP address known within another network.
9.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
• Use the Port Forwarding screen to configure forward incoming service requests to the servers on your
local network (Section 9.2 on page 101).
• Use the Port Triggering screen to add and configure the Zyxel Device’s trigger port settings (Section
9.3 on page 104).
• Use the DMZ screen to configure a default server (Section 9.4 on page 107).
• Use the ALG screen to enable or disable the SIP ALG (Section 9.5 on page 108).
9.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
Inside/Outside and Global/Local
Inside/outside denotes where a host is located relative to the Zyxel Device, for example, the computers of your subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web servers on the Internet are the outside hosts.
Global/local denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router, for example, the local address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet is in the local network, while the global address refers to the IP address of the host when the same packet is traveling in the WAN side.
NAT
In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber (the inside local address) to another (the inside global address) before forwarding the packet to the WAN side. When the response comes back, NAT translates the destination address (the inside global address) back to the inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host.
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