ZyXEL XGS-4526 User Manual
XGS-4526
Intelligent Layer 3+ Switch
Default Login Details
IP Address http://192.168.0.1
(Out-of-band
MGMT port)
http://192.168.1.1
(In-band ports)
User Name admin
Password 1234
Firmware Version 3.90
Edition 1, 7/2009
www.zyxel.com
www.zyxel.com
Copyright © 2009
ZyXEL Communications Corporation
About This User's Guide
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the Switch using the
web configurator or via commands. You should have at least a basic knowledge of
TCP/IP networking concepts and topology.
Related Documentation
•Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide contains information on setting up your hardware.
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
Note: It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the Switch.
• Supporting Disc
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• ZyXEL Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com
product certifications.
for additional support documentation and
Documentation Feedback
Send your comments, questions or suggestions to: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
Thank you!
The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 30099, Taiwan.
XGS-4526 User’s Guide
3
About This User's Guide
Need More Help?
More help is available at www.zyx el.com.
• Download Library
Search for the latest product updates and documentation from this link. Read
the Tech Doc Overview to find out how to efficiently use the User Guide, Quick
Start Guide and Command Line Interface Reference Guide in order to better
understand how to use your product.
• Knowledge Base
If you have a specific question about your product, the answer may be here.
This is a collection of answers to previously asked questions about ZyXEL
products.
•Forum
This contains discussions on ZyXEL prod ucts. Learn from others who use ZyXEL
products and share your experiences as well.
Customer Support
Should problems arise that cannot be solved by the methods listed above, you
should conta ct your vendor. If you cannot contact your vendor, then contact a
ZyXEL office for the region in which you bought the device.
See http://www.zyxel.com/web/contact_us.php for contact information. Please
have the following informatio n ready when you contact an office.
• Product model and serial number.
•Warranty Information.
• Date that you received your device.
4
• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
XGS-4526 User’s Guide
Document Conventions
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
Note: Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The XGS-4526 may be referred to as the “Switch”, the “device”, the “system” or
the “product” in this User’s Guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example,
[ENTER] means the “enter” or “ret urn” key on your keyboard.
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the
[ENTER] key. “Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined
choices.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For
example, Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click
Maintenance in the navigation panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the
Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value.
For example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may
denote “1000000” or “1048576” and so on.
XGS-4526 User’s Guide
5
Document Conventions
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The S witch icon is
not an exact representation of your device.
The Switch Computer Notebook computer
Server DSLAM Firewall
Telephone Switch Router
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XGS-4526 User’s Guide
Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
• For continued protection against risk of fire replace only with same type and rating of
fuse.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device. Connect it to the right
supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the device and the power
source.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
XGS-4526 User’s Guide
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Safety Warnings
8
XGS-4526 User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
Introduction ............................................................................................................................23
Getting to Know Your Switch .....................................................................................................25
Hardware Installation and Connection ................................... ................................. ................... 31
Hardware Overview ................................................................................................................... 35
Basic Configuration ...............................................................................................................43
The Web Configurator ............................................................................................................... 45
Initial Setup Example ................................................................................................................. 57
Tutorials ..................................................................................................................................... 63
System Status and Port Statistics ................................. ... ... ... .... ................................................73
Basic Setting ............................................................................................................................. 79
Advanced Setup .....................................................................................................................93
VLAN ......................................................................................................................................... 95
Static MAC Forward Setup .......................................................................................................115
Static Multicast Forward Setup .................................................................................................119
Filtering ..................................... .................................................... ........................................... 123
Spanning Tree Protocol ................................................ ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .................................. 125
Bandwidth Control .... ... ... .... ... ... ... ............................................................................................ 147
Broadcast Storm Control ......................................................................................................... 151
Mirroring .................................................................................................................................. 155
Link Aggregation ................. .....................................................................................................157
Port Authentication ...... ... .... ... ..................................................................................................167
Port Security .................................... ... ... ... ............................................. .... ... ... ... .... ... ..............173
Classifier ................................... .................................................... ........................................... 179
Policy Rule .............................................................................................................................. 185
Queuing Method ...................................................................................................................... 193
VLAN Stacking ......................................................................................................................... 197
Multicast ..................................................................................................................................207
AAA ......................................................................................................................................... 223
IP Source Guard ...................................................................................................................... 239
Loop Guard ..................... .... ... ... ............................................. .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... .................265
VLAN Mapping ........................................................................................................................ 269
Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling .............. ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .................................................. 273
IP Application .......................................................................................................................279
Static Route ............................................................................................................................. 281
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9
Contents Overview
RIP ............................... .................... ................... ................... .................... ..............................283
OSPF .............................. .................................................... ..................................................... 285
IGMP .......................................................................................................................................299
DVMRP ..................................... ....................... ...................... ....................... ........................... 303
Differentiated Services ........................................ ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ........................................... 307
DHCP ...................................................................................................................................... 315
VRRP .............................. .................... ................... .................... ................... ........................... 325
Management .........................................................................................................................335
Maintenance ............................................................................................................................ 337
Access Control ........................................................................................................................ 345
Diagnostic .................................... ....................................................... ..................................... 367
Syslog ....................................... .................................................... ........................................... 369
Cluster Management .......... ... ................................................ .... ... ... ........................................ 373
MAC Table ............................................................................................................................... 381
IP Table .. ... ... ............................................. ... .... ... ... ... .... ...........................................................385
ARP Table ........................................ ............................................. ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ..................... 389
Routing Table ........................................................................................................................... 391
Configure Clone ....................................................................................................................... 393
Troubleshooting & Product Specifications .......................................................................395
Troubleshooting ..................................................... .................................................................. 397
Product Specifications ............................................................................................................. 407
Appendices and Index .........................................................................................................417
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XGS-4526 User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
About This User's Guide..........................................................................................................3
Document Conventions............................................................................................................5
Safety Warnings ........................................................................................................................7
Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9
Table of Contents....................................................................................................................11
Part I: Introduction................................................................................. 23
Chapter 1
Getting to Know Your Switch.................................................................................................25
1.1 Introduction ......................... ... .... ... ... ... ............................................. .... ... ... ... .... ... ... .............25
1.1.1 Bridging Example ......... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................ ... ... .... ... 25
1.1.2 High Performance Switching Example .......................................................................26
1.1.3 Gigabit Ethernet to the Desktop ................................................................................. 27
1.1.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Example .................................................................. 27
1.2 Ways to Manage the Switch ............................ ... .............................................. ... ... ... ... .... ... 28
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the Switch ................................................................................. 28
Chapter 2
Hardware Installation and Connection .................................................................................31
2.1 Freestanding Installation ..................................................................................................... 31
2.2 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .......................................................................................... 32
2.2.1 Rack-mounted Installation Requirements .................................................................. 32
2.2.2 Attaching the Mounting Brackets to the Switch ................................ .......................... 32
2.2.3 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .................................................................................. 33
Chapter 3
Hardware Overview.................................................................................................................35
3.1 Front Panel Connections ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ................................................ .... ... ................ 35
3.1.1 1000Base-T Ports ...................................................................................................... 36
3.1.2 Dual Personality Interfaces ........................................................................................ 36
3.1.3 Mini-GBIC Slots .........................................................................................................36
3.2 Rear Panel .................... ... ............................................. ... .... ... ... ... ... .................................... 38
3.2.1 Power Connector ................................................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... .......................... 39
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3.2.2 External Backup Power Supply Connector ................................................................ 39
3.2.3 Console Port ......................................................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... .......................... 39
3.3 LEDs ................................................................................................................................ 40
Part II: Basic Configuration................................................................... 43
Chapter 4
The Web Configurator............................................................................................................45
4.1 Introduction ......................... ... .... ... ... ... ............................................. .... ... ... ... .... ... ... .............45
4.2 System Login ....................................................................................................................45
4.3 The Status Screen .......................................................................................................... 46
4.3.1 Change Your Password .......................................................................................... 53
4.4 Saving Your Configuration ...................................................................................................53
4.5 Switch Lockout .............................................. ... .... ... ... ............................................. .......... 53
4.6 Resetting the Switch ............................... ... ... ... .............................................. ... ... ... ... ....... 54
4.6.1 Reload the Configuration File .................................................................................... 54
4.7 Logging Out of the Web Configurator ................................................................................. 55
4.8 Help ................................................... ... .... ... ... ............................................. .... ... ................56
Chapter 5
Initial Setup Example..............................................................................................................57
5.1 Overview ............. ............................................. ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................ 57
5.1.1 Configuring an IP Interface ........................................................................................57
5.1.2 Configuring DHCP Server Settings .. ... ....................................................................... 59
5.1.3 Creating a VLAN ........................................................................................................ 59
5.1.4 Setting Port VID .................................................. ... .... ... ... ..........................................61
5.1.5 Enabling RIP ................ .... ... ... ............................................. ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .......62
Chapter 6
Tutorials...................................................................................................................................63
6.1 How to Use DHCP Snooping on the Switch ........................................................................ 63
6.2 How to Use DHCP Relay on the Switch .............................................................................. 67
6.2.1 DHCP Relay Tutorial Introduction .............................................................................. 67
6.2.2 Creating a VLAN ........................................................................................................ 68
6.2.3 Configuring DHCP Relay .............................................. ... ... ....................................... 70
6.2.4 Troubleshooting ............................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... ....................................... 71
Chapter 7
System Status and Port Statistics.........................................................................................73
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7.1 Overview ............. ............................................. ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................ 73
7.2 Port Status Summary ............................................................................................ ... ....... 73
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7.2.1 Status: Port Details ................................................................................................75
Chapter 8
Basic Setting ..........................................................................................................................79
8.1 Overview ............. ............................................. ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................ 79
8.2 System Information ........................................................................................................... 80
8.3 General Setup ................................................................................................. ... ... .......... 82
8.4 Introduction to VLANs ........... .... ... ....................................................................................... 84
8.5 Switch Setup Screen .... ... ... .... ... ....................................................................................... 85
8.6 IP Setup ............................................................................................................................ 87
8.6.1 IP Interfaces .......... ... ... .... ... ... ............................................. ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ................ 87
8.7 Port Setup ................ .... ... ... ............................................. .... ... ... ... ... .... ................................ 89
Part III: Advanced Setup........................................................................ 93
Chapter 9
VLAN........................................................................................................................................95
9.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs .................................................................. 95
9.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames ................................................................ 95
9.2 Automatic VLAN Registration ................................ ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .................................... 96
9.2.1 GARP . .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ............................................. .... ... ... .......................................... 96
9.2.2 GVRP . .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ............................................. .... ... ... .......................................... 96
9.3 Port VLAN Trunking ........... ............................................. .... ... ... ... ... .... ................................ 97
9.4 Select the VLAN Type .... ... ... .... ... ............................................. ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ..........98
9.5 Static VLAN . .... ... ... ... .............................................. ... ... ... .... ................................................ 98
9.5.1 Static VLAN Status .......................................................... ... ... .... ................................ 99
9.5.2 Static VLAN Details .................................. .... ... ... ... .... ... ........................................... 100
9.5.3 Configure a Static VLAN ...................................................................................... 100
9.5.4 Configure VLAN Port Settings .............................................................................. 102
9.6 Subnet Based VLANs .......................................................................................................103
9.7 Configuring Subnet Based VLAN ..... ................................................. ... ... ........................ 104
9.8 Protocol Based VLANs ...................................... .... ... ........................................................106
9.9 Configuring Protocol Based VLAN ............................................. ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ........107
9.10 Create an IP-based VLAN Example ................................................................................ 109
9.11 Port-based VLAN Setup ...............................................................................................110
9.11.1 Configure a Port-based VLAN ................................................................................110
Chapter 10
Static MAC Forward Setup...................................................................................................115
10.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................115
10.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding ................................................................... ... ... .... ..115
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Table of Contents
Chapter 11
Static Multicast Forward Setup............................................................................................119
11.1 Static Multicast Forwarding Overview ...............................................................................119
11.2 Configuring Static Multicast Forwarding ........................................................................... 120
Chapter 12
Filtering..................................................................................................................................123
12.1 Configure a Filtering Rule .............................................................................................123
Chapter 13
Spanning Tree Protocol........................................................................................................125
13.1 STP/RSTP Overview ..................................................................................................... 125
13.1.1 STP Terminology ................................................................................................... 125
13.1.2 How STP Works .................................................................................................... 126
13.1.3 STP Port States .....................................................................................................127
13.1.4 Multiple RSTP ......................................................................................................127
13.1.5 Multiple STP ........................................................................................................... 128
13.2 Spanning Tree Protocol Status Screen ............................................................................ 131
13.3 Spanning Tree Configuration .......................................................................................... 131
13.4 Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol ..................................................................... 133
13.5 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status ........................................................................ 135
13.6 Configure Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol ........................................................ 137
13.7 Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status ............................................................. 139
13.8 Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol .................................................................. 141
13.9 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Status ........................................................................144
Chapter 14
Bandwidth Control................................................................................................................147
14.1 Bandwidth Control Overview ........................................................................................... 147
14.1.1 CIR and PIR ........................................................................................................... 147
14.2 Bandwidth Control Setup ................................................................................................. 148
Chapter 15
Broadcast Storm Control.....................................................................................................151
15.1 Broadcast Storm Control Setup ...................................................................................... 151
Chapter 16
Mirroring................................................................................................................................155
16.1 Port Mirroring Setup ....................................................................................................... 155
Chapter 17
Link Aggregation ..................................................................................................................157
17.1 Link Aggregation Overview ........................ ....................... ...................... ....................... . 157
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17.2 Dynamic Link Aggregation ..............................................................................................157
17.2.1 Link Aggregation ID ............................................................................................... 158
17.3 Link Aggregation Status ....................................................... .......................... .................159
17.4 Link Aggregation Setting ................................................................................................ 161
17.5 Link Aggregation Control Protocol ................................................................................ 163
17.6 Static Trunking Example ..................................................................................................164
Chapter 18
Port Authentication...............................................................................................................167
18.1 Port Authentication Overview ......................................................................................... 167
18.1.1 IEEE 802.1x Authentication ................................................................................... 167
18.1.2 MAC Authentication ............................................................................................... 168
18.2 Port Authentication Configuration ............................ ....................................................... .169
18.2.1 Activate IEEE 802.1x Security ........................................................................... 170
18.2.2 Activate MAC Authentication ................................................................................. 171
Chapter 19
Port Security..........................................................................................................................173
19.1 About Port Security .........................................................................................................173
19.2 Port Security Setup .............................. ....................... ....................... ................... ........... 174
19.3 VLAN MAC Address Limit .............................................................................................. 176
Chapter 20
Classifier................................................................................................................................179
20.1 About the Classifier and QoS .......................................................................................... 179
20.2 Configuring the Classifier ...............................................................................................179
20.3 Viewing and Editing Classifier Configuration ................................. .................................. 182
20.4 Classifier Example ...........................................................................................................184
Chapter 21
Policy Rule............................................................................................................................185
21.1 Policy Rules Overview ....................................................................................................185
21.1.1 DiffServ .................................................................................................................. 185
21.1.2 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ................................................................................. 185
21.2 Configuring Policy Rules ................................................................................................. 186
21.3 Viewing and Editing Policy Configuration ........................................................................ 189
21.4 Policy Example ................................................................................................................ 191
Chapter 22
Queuing Method....................................................................................................................193
22.1 Queuing Method Overview ............................................................................................. 193
22.1.1 Strictly Priority ........................................................................................................193
22.1.2 Weighted Fair Queuing .......................................................................................... 193
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Table of Contents
22.1.3 Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (WRR) ........................................................... 194
22.2 Configuring Queuing ........................................................................................................ 195
Chapter 23
VLAN Stacking......................................................................................................................197
23.1 VLAN Stacking Overview ................................................................................................ 197
23.1.1 VLAN Stacking Example ........................................................................................ 197
23.2 VLAN Stacking Port Roles ................ ... .... ........................................................................ 198
23.3 VLAN Tag Format ............................................................................................................199
23.3.1 Frame Format ........................................................................................................199
23.4 Configuring VLAN Stacking ............................................................................................. 201
23.4.1 Port-based Q-in-Q .................................................................................................. 202
23.4.2 Selective Q-in-Q .................................................................................................... 203
Chapter 24
Multicast ................................................................................................................................207
24.1 Multicast Overview ......................................................................................................... 207
24.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses ........................................................................................... 207
24.1.2 IGMP Filtering ........................................................................................................ 207
24.1.3 IGMP Snooping ..................................................................................................... 208
24.1.4 IGMP Snooping and VLANs ................................................................................... 208
24.2 Multicast Status .............................................................................................................. 208
24.3 Multicast Setting .............. ... .... ... ................................................ ... .... .............................. 209
24.4 IGMP Snooping VLAN .................................................................................................... 212
24.5 IGMP Filtering Profile ..................................................................................................... 213
24.6 MVR Overview ................................................................................................................ 215
24.6.1 Types of MVR Ports ............................................................................................... 215
24.6.2 MVR Modes ........................................................................................................... 216
24.6.3 How MVR Works .................................................................................................... 216
24.7 General MVR Configuration ............................................................................................ 217
24.8 MVR Group Configuration ..............................................................................................219
24.8.1 MVR Configuration Example ... ... .... ... ..................................................................... 220
Chapter 25
AAA........................................................................................................................................223
25.1 Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) ...................................................... 223
25.1.1 Local User Accounts .................. .... ... ... ... .... ... ................................................ ... .... . 224
25.1.2 RADIUS and TACACS+ ........................................................................................ 224
25.2 AAA Screens ................................................................................................................... 224
25.2.1 RADIUS Server Setup ........................................................................................ 225
25.2.2 TACACS+ Server Setup ..................................................................................... 227
25.2.3 AAA Setup ...........................................................................................................229
25.2.4 Vendor Specific Attribute ........................................................................................ 232
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25.2.5 Tunnel Protocol Attribute ........................................................................................ 233
25.3 Supported RADIUS Attributes ......................................................................................... 234
25.3.1 Attributes Used for Authentication ............................ ............ .......... .......... ......... ..... 234
25.3.2 Attributes Used for Accounting ............................................................................... 235
Chapter 26
IP Source Guard ....................................................................................................................239
26.1 IP Source Guard Overview .............................................................................................. 239
26.1.1 DHCP Snooping Overview ..................................................................................... 240
26.1.2 ARP Inspection Overview ...................................................................................... 242
26.2 IP Source Guard .............................................................................................................. 243
26.3 IP Source Guard Static Binding ....................................................................................... 244
26.4 DHCP Snooping .............................................................................................................. 247
26.5 DHCP Snooping Configure ...................... ........................................................................ 251
26.5.1 DHCP Snooping Port Configure ............................................................................. 253
26.5.2 DHCP Snooping VLAN Configure .......................................................................... 254
26.6 ARP Inspection Status .....................................................................................................256
26.6.1 ARP Inspection VLAN Status .................................................................................257
26.6.2 ARP Inspection Log Status .................................................................................... 258
26.7 ARP Inspection Configure ............................................................................................... 259
26.7.1 ARP Inspection Port Configure .............................................................................. 261
26.7.2 ARP Inspection VLAN Configure ........................................................................... 263
Chapter 27
Loop Guard............................................................................................................................265
27.1 Loop Guard Overview .....................................................................................................265
27.2 Loop Guard Setup ...........................................................................................................267
Chapter 28
VLAN Mapping ......................................................................................................................269
28.1 VLAN Mapping Overview ............................................................................................... 269
28.1.1 VLAN Mapping Example ........................................................................................ 269
28.2 Enabling VLAN Mapping ................................................................................................. 270
28.3 Configuring VLAN Mapping ............................................................................................. 271
Chapter 29
Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling..................................................................................................273
29.1 Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Overview ............................................................................. 273
29.1.1 Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling Mode .......................................................................... 274
29.2 Configuring Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling .................................................................. ... .... . 275
Part IV: IP Application.......................................................................... 279
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Table of Contents
Chapter 30
Static Route...........................................................................................................................281
30.1 Configuring Static Routing ............................................................................................. 281
Chapter 31
RIP..........................................................................................................................................283
31.1 RIP Overview ................................................................................................................... 283
31.2 Configuring RIP ............................................................................................................... 283
Chapter 32
OSPF......................................................................................................................................285
32.1 OSPF Overview .............................................................................................................. 285
32.1.1 OSPF Autonomous Systems and Areas . .... ... ... ... .... .............................................. 285
32.1.2 How OSPF Works ... ............................................. .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ........................... 286
32.1.3 Interfaces and Virtual Links .................................................................................... 286
32.1.4 OSPF and Router Elections ...................................................................................287
32.1.5 Configuring OSPF .................................................................................................287
32.2 OSPF Status ................................................................................................................. 288
32.3 OSPF Configuration .......................................................................................................290
32.4 Configure OSPF Areas ................................................................................................... 290
32.4.1 View OSPF Area Information Table ....................................................................... 292
32.5 Configuring OSPF Redistribution ................................................................................... 292
32.6 Configuring OSPF Interfaces ........................................................................................ 294
32.7 OSPF Virtual-Links ....................................................................................................... 296
Chapter 33
IGMP.......................................................................................................................................299
33.1 IGMP Overview ............................................................................................................... 299
33.1.1 How IGMP Works ................. ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ............................................. ... ... .... . 300
33.2 Port-based IGMP ............................................................................................................. 301
33.3 Configuring IGMP ............................................................................................................ 302
Chapter 34
DVMRP...................................................................................................................................303
34.1 DVMRP Overview ............................................................................................................303
34.2 How DVMRP Works ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................ ... ... .....303
34.2.1 DVMRP Terminology .............................................................................................304
34.3 Configuring DVMRP ....................................................................................................... 304
34.3.1 DVMRP Configuration Error Messages ........................................... .... ... ... ... ........305
34.4 Default DVMRP Timer Values ........................................................................................ 306
Chapter 35
Differentiated Services.........................................................................................................307
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35.1 DiffServ Overview ...........................................................................................................307
35.1.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ................................................................................. 307
35.1.2 DiffServ Network Example .................................................................................... 308
35.2 Two Rate Three Color Marker Traffic Policing ................................................................. 308
35.2.1 TRTCM - Color-blind Mode .................................................................................... 309
35.2.2 TRTCM - Color-aware Mode .......................................... ........................................ 309
35.3 Activating DiffServ .......................................................................................................... 310
35.3.1 Configuring 2-Rate 3 Color Marker Settings ..........................................................311
35.4 DSCP-to-IEEE 802.1p Priority Settings ....... .............................................. ... ... ... ... .....313
35.4.1 Configuring DSCP Settings ............................ .......................................... .............. 314
Chapter 36
DHCP......................................................................................................................................315
36.1 DHCP Overview ............................................................................................................. 315
36.1.1 DHCP Modes ........................................................................................................315
36.1.2 DHCP Configuration Options ................................................................................. 315
36.2 DHCP Status ................................................................................................................... 316
36.3 DHCP Server Status Detail ............................................................................................. 316
36.4 DHCP Relay ....... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ............................................................................ 318
36.4.1 DHCP Relay Agent Information ............................................................................. 318
36.4.2 Configuring DHCP Global Relay ............................................................................ 319
36.4.3 Global DHCP Relay Configuration Example .......................................................... 320
36.5 Configuring DHCP VLAN Settings ................................................................................ 321
36.5.1 Example: DHCP Relay for Two VLANs .................................................................. 323
Chapter 37
VRRP......................................................................................................................................325
37.1 VRRP Overview .............................................................................................................. 325
37.2 VRRP Status .................................................................................................................. 326
37.3 VRRP Configuration .......................................................................................................327
37.3.1 IP Interface Setup ................................................................................................. 327
37.3.2 VRRP Parameters ................................................................................................. 329
37.3.3 Configuring VRRP Parameters .............................................................................. 330
37.3.4 Configuring VRRP Parameters .............................................................................. 331
37.4 VRRP Configuration Examples ...................................................................................... 331
37.4.1 One Subnet Network Example ..............................................................................332
37.4.2 Two Subnets Example ........................................................................................... 333
Part V: Management............................................................................. 335
Chapter 38
Maintenance..........................................................................................................................337
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Table of Contents
38.1 The Maintenance Screen .................................... ... ... ... .... ... ........................................... 337
38.2 Load Factory Default ...................................................................................................... 338
38.3 Save Configuration .......................................................................................................... 339
38.4 Reboot System ................................................................................................................ 339
38.5 Firmware Upgrade ........................................................................................................... 339
38.6 Restore a Configuration File .........................................................................................340
38.7 Backup a Configuration File ......................................................................................... 341
38.8 FTP Command Line ........................................................................................................ 341
38.8.1 Filename Conventions .......................................................................................... 341
38.8.2 FTP Command Line Procedure ............................................................................ 342
38.8.3 GUI-based FTP Clients .......................................................................................... 343
38.8.4 FTP Restrictions .................................................................................................... 343
Chapter 39
Access Control......................................................................................................................345
39.1 Access Control Overview ............................................................................................ 345
39.2 The Access Control Main Screen .................................................................................... 345
39.3 About SNMP .................................................................................................................. 346
39.3.1 SNMP v3 and Security ........................................................................................... 347
39.3.2 Supported MIBs ................................................................................................... 347
39.3.3 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................... 348
39.3.4 Configuring SNMP .............................................................................................. 352
39.3.5 Configuring SNMP Trap Group ...........................................................................354
39.3.6 Setting Up Login Accounts .................................................................................355
39.4 SSH Overview ................................................................................................................. 357
39.5 How SSH works ................ ... ............................................................................................ 358
39.6 SSH Implementation on the Switch ................................................................................. 359
39.6.1 Requirements for Using SSH .................................................................................359
39.7 Introduction to HTTPS .....................................................................................................359
39.8 HTTPS Example .............................................................................................................. 360
39.8.1 Internet Explorer Warning Messages ..................................................................... 360
39.8.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages ................................................................ 361
39.8.3 The Main Screen .................................................................................................... 363
39.9 Service Port Access Control ......................................................................................... 363
39.10 Remote Management ............................................................................................... 364
Chapter 40
Diagnostic..............................................................................................................................367
40.1 Diagnostic ....................................................................................................................... 367
Chapter 41
Syslog....................................................................................................................................369
41.1 Syslog Overview .............................................................................................................. 369
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Table of Contents
41.2 Syslog Setup .................................................................................................................. 370
41.3 Syslog Server Setup ....................................................................................................... 371
Chapter 42
Cluster Management.............................................................................................................373
42.1 Clustering Management Status Overview ...................................................................... 373
42.2 Cluster Management Status ........................................................................................... 374
42.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management ................................................................... 375
42.3 Clustering Management Configuration .......................................................................... 378
Chapter 43
MAC Table..............................................................................................................................381
43.1 MAC Table Overview ...................................................................................................... 381
43.2 Viewing the MAC Table ...................................................................................................382
Chapter 44
IP Table ..................................................................................................................................385
44.1 IP Table Overview ........................................................................................................... 385
44.2 Viewing the IP Table ........................................................................................................386
Chapter 45
ARP Table..............................................................................................................................389
45.1 ARP Table Overview .......................................................................................................389
45.1.1 How ARP Works ......................................................... ... ... ... .... ... ... ........................ 389
45.2 Viewing the ARP Table ................................................................................................... 390
Chapter 46
Routing Table........................................................................................................................391
46.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 391
46.2 Viewing the Routing Table Status ...................................................................................391
Chapter 47
Configure Clone....................................................................................................................393
47.1 Configure Clone ..............................................................................................................393
Part VI: Troubleshooting & Product Specifications.......................... 395
Chapter 48
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................397
48.1 Problems Starting Up the Switch ..................................................................................... 397
48.2 Problems Accessing the Switch ...................................................................................... 398
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48.2.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ........................................... 398
48.3 Problems with the Password ........................................................................................... 405
Chapter 49
Product Specifications.........................................................................................................407
Part VII: Appendices and Index.......................................................... 417
Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting ...........................................................................419
Appendix B Legal Information..............................................................................................429
Index.......................................................................................................................................433
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XGS-4526 User’s Guide
PART I
Introduction
Getting to Know Your Switch (25)
Hardware Installation and Connection
(31)
Hardware Overview (35)
23
24
CHAPTER 1
Getting to Know Your Switch
This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the Switch.
1.1 Introduction
Your Switch is a stand-alone, layer-3, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) switch with an
optional 2-port 10 Gigabit uplink module. By integrating router functions, the
Switch performs wire-speed layer-3 routing in addition to layer-2 switching.
The XGS-4526 comes with twenty 100/1000 Mbps Ethernet ports and 4 GbE dual
personality interfaces. A dual personality interface includes one Gigabit port and
one slot for a mini-GBIC transceiver (SFP module) with one port active at a time.
The XGS-4526 requires 100 VAC to 240 VA C, 0.8 A power.
With its built-in web configurat or, managing and configuring the Switch is easy. In
addition, the Switch can also be managed via Telnet, any terminal emulator
program on the console port, or third-party SNMP management.
See Chapter 49 on page 407 for a full list of software features available on the
Switch.
1.1.1 Bridging Example
In this example the Switch connects different company departments (RD and
Sales) to the corporate backbone. It can alleviate bandwidth contention and
eliminate server and network bottlenecks. All users that need high bandwidth can
connect to high-speed department servers via the Switch. You can provide a
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch
super-fast uplink connection by using the optional 10 Gigabit uplink module on the
Switch.
Figure 1 Bridging Application
Backbone
RD
Sales
1.1.2 High Performance Switching Example
The Switch is ideal for connecting two geographically dispersed networks that
need high bandwidth. In the following example, a company uses the optional 10
Gigabit uplink modules to connect the headquarters to a branch office network.
Within the headquarters network, a company can use trunking to group several
physical ports into one logical hig h er-capacity link. Trunking can be used if for
example, it is cheaper to use multiple lower-speed links than to under-utilize a
high-speed, but more costly, single-port link.
Figure 2 High Performance Switching
10 Gbps
Trunk
26
Branch
HQ
XGS-4526 User’s Guide
1.1.3 Gigabit Ethernet to the Desktop
The Switch is an ideal solution for small networks which demand high bandwidth
for a group of heavy traffic users. Y ou can conn ect computers an d servers directly
to the Switch’s port or connect other switches to the Switch. Use the optional 10
Gigabit uplink module to provide high speed access to a data server and the
Internet. The uplink module supports a fiber-optic connection which alleviates the
distance limitations of copper cabling.
In this example, all computers can share high-speed applications on the server
and access the Internet. To expand the network, simply add more networking
devices such as switches, routers, computers, print servers and so on.
Figure 3 Gigabit to the Desktop
Internet
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch
1.1.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Example
A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) allows a physical network to be partitioned
into multiple logical networks. Stations on a logical network belong to one or more
groups. With VLAN, a station cannot directly talk to or hear from stations that are
not in the same group(s) unless such traffic first goes through a router.
For more information on VLANs, refer to Chapter 9 on page 95.
1.1.4.1 Tag-based VLAN Example
Ports in the same VLAN group share the same frame broadcast domain, thus
increasing network performance by reducing broadcast traffic. VLAN groups can
be modified at any time by adding, moving or changing ports without any recabling.
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch
Shared resources such as a server can be used by all ports in the same VLAN as
the server. In the following figure only ports that need access to the server need
to be part of VLAN 1. Ports can belong to other VLAN groups too.
Figure 4 Shared Server Using VLAN Example
1.2 Ways to Manage the Switch
Use any of the following methods to manage the Switch.
• Web Co nfigurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the S witch
using a (supported) web browser. See Chapter 4 on page 45.
• Command Line Interface. Line commands offer an alternative to the Web
Configurator and may be necessary to configure advanced features. See the CLI
Reference Guide.
• FTP. Use File Transfer Protocol for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/
restore. See Section 38.8 on page 341.
• SNMP. The device can be monitored and/or managed by an SNMP manager. See
Section 39.3 on page 346.
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the Switch
Do the following things regularly to make the Switch more secure and to manage
the Switch more effectively.
28
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists
of different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it).
Restoring an earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes
unstable or even crashes. If you forget y our password, you will hav e to reset the
Switch to its factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration
file, you would not have to totally re-configure the Switch. You could simply
restore your last configuration.
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch
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