Zyxel WAX640S-6E, WAX655E, WAX650S, WAC500H, NWA50AX CLI Reference Guide

...
Default Login Details
3'ŻMÍº Guide

NWA/WAC/WAX Series

802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax Access Point
LAN IP Address http://DHCP-assigned IP
http://192.168.1.2
User Name admin
Password 1234
Version 6.29/6.55 Ed. 1, 04/2023
Copyright © 2023 Zyxel and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
IMPORTANT! READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE. KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
This is a Reference Guide for a series of products intended for people who want to configure the Zyxel Device via Command Line Interface (CLI).
Note: Some commands or command options in this guide may not be available in your
product. See your product's User’s Guide for a list of supported features. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this guide is accurate.
How To Use This Guide
1 Read Chapter 2 on page 21 for how to access and use the CLI (Command Line Interface).
2 Read Chapter 3 on page 32 to learn about the CLI user and privilege modes.
Do not use commands not documented in this guide.
Related Documentation
•Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide shows how to connect the Zyxel Device and access the Web Configurator.
• User’s Guide The User’s Guide explains how to use the Web Configurator to configure the Zyxel Device.
Note: It is recommended you use the Web Configurator to configure the Zyxel Device.
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this guide may use the following generic icons. The Zyxel Device icon is not an exact representation of your device.
Zyxel Device AP Controller Router Switch Internet
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Contents Overview

Contents Overview
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................11
Getting to Know your Zyxel Device .................................................................................................... 12
Command Line Interface ....................................... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... .............. ....... .............. 21
User and Privilege Modes .................................................................................................................... 32
Reference ..........................................................................................................................................35
Status ......................................................................... ............................................................................. 36
Object Reference ................................................................................................................................ 39
Interfaces ................................................................................ ............................................................... 41
Storm Control ........................................................................................................................................ 48
NCC Discovery ...................................................................................................................................... 50
Users ....................................................................................................................................................... 52
AP Management .................................................................................................................................. 57
Wireless LAN Profiles .............................................................................................................................. 69
Rogue AP ............................................................................................................................................... 90
Wireless Frame Capture ....................................................................................................................... 94
Dynamic Channel Selection ............................................................................................................... 96
Wireless Load Balancing ...................................................................................................................... 97
Bluetooth ............................................................................................................................................. 100
Certificates .......................................................................................................................................... 102
System ................................................................ .................................................................................. 105
System Remote Management .......................................................................................................... 110
AAA Server .......................................................................................................................................... 116
Authentication Objects ..................................................................................................................... 122
File Manager ....................................................................................................................................... 125
Logs ...................................................................................................................................................... 141
Reports and Reboot ........................................................................................................................... 148
Session Timeout ................................................................................................................................... 153
LEDs ...................................................................................................................................................... 154
Antenna Switch ............................................................................ ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ................... 156
Diagnostics .......................................................................................................................................... 158
Maintenance Tools .. ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... ....... ....... ....... .............. ....... ....... ....... ....... ................... 160
Watchdog Timer ................................................................................................................................. 165
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Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Contents Overview .............................................................................................................................3
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................................4
Part I: Introduction ..........................................................................................11
Chapter 1
Getting to Know your Zyxel Device .................................................................................................12
1.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 12
1.2 Zyxel Device Product Feature ...................................................... ....... ....... ....... ....... ............ ......... 12
Chapter 2
Command Line Interface..................................................................................................................21
2.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 21
2.1.1 The Configuration File ........................................................................................................... 21
2.2 Accessing the CLI ........................................................................................................................... 21
2.2.1 Console Port .......................................................................................................................... 22
2.2.2 SSH (Secure SHell) .................................................................................................................. 22
2.3 How to Find Commands in this Guide .........................................................................................23
2.4 How Commands Are Explained ................................................................................................... 23
2.4.1 Background Information ...................................................................................................... 23
2.4.2 Command Input Values ....................................................................................................... 23
2.4.3 Command Summary ............................................................................................................ 24
2.4.4 Command Examples ............................................................................................................ 24
2.4.5 Command Syntax ................................................................................................................. 24
2.4.6 Changing the Password ....................................................................................................... 24
2.5 CLI Modes ........................................................................................................................................ 24
2.6 Shortcuts and Help ......................................................................................................................... 25
2.6.1 List of Available Commands ................................................................................................ 25
2.6.2 List of Sub-commands or Required User Input ................................................................... 26
2.6.3 Entering Partial Commands ................................................................................................. 26
2.6.4 Entering a ? in a Command ................................................................................................27
2.6.5 Command History ................................................................................................................. 27
2.6.6 Navigation ............................................................................................................................. 27
2.6.7 Erase Current Command ..................................................................................................... 27
2.6.8 The no Commands ............................................................................................................... 27
2.7 Input Values .................................................................................................................................... 27
2.8 Saving Configuration Changes .................................................................................................... 31
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Table of Contents
2.9 Logging Out .......................................... .......................................................................................... 31
Chapter 3
User and Privilege Modes .................................................................................................................32
3.1 User And Privilege Modes .............................................................................................................. 32
3.1.1 Debug Commands ............................................................................................................... 33
Part II: Reference ............................................................................................35
Chapter 4
Status...................................................................................................................................................36
Chapter 5
Object Reference .............................................. .... .... ........................................................................39
5.1 Object Reference Commands ..................................................................................................... 39
5.1.1 Object Reference Command Example ............................................................................. 40
Chapter 6
Interfaces............................................................................................................................................41
6.1 Interface Overview ........................................................................................................................ 41
6.2 Interface General Commands Summary .................................................................................... 41
6.2.1 Basic Interface Properties and IP Address Commands .................................................... 42
6.3 Port Commands .............................................................................................................................. 45
6.3.1 Port Command Examples ............................................ ........................................................46
Chapter 7
Storm Control......................................................................................................................................48
7.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 48
7.2 Storm Control Commands ............................................................................................................. 48
7.2.1 Storm Control Command Examples ......................................... .......................................... 49
Chapter 8
NCC Discovery...................................................................................................................................50
8.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 50
8.2 NCC Discovery Commands .......................................................................................................... 50
8.2.1 NCC Discovery Command Example .................................................................................. 51
Chapter 9
Users....................................................................................................................................................52
9.1 User Account Overview ................................................................................................................. 52
9.1.1 User Types ............................................................................................................................... 52
9.2 User Commands Summary ............................................................................................................ 52
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Table of Contents
9.2.1 Username and User Commands ......................................................................................... 53
9.2.2 User Setting Commands ....................................................................................................... 54
9.2.3 Additional User Commands .................................................................................................55
Chapter 10
AP Management................................................................................................................................57
10.1 AP Management Overview ........................................................................................................ 57
10.2 AP Management Commands ....................................................................................................59
10.2.1 AP Management Commands Example ........................................................................... 62
10.3 AP Management Client Commands ......................................................................................... 66
10.3.1 AP Management Client Commands Example ....... ........................................................ 67
Chapter 11
Wireless LAN Profiles ..........................................................................................................................69
11.1 Wireless LAN Profiles Overview ...................................................................................... .............. 69
11.2 AP Radio Profile Commands ....................................................................................................... 69
11.2.1 AP radio Profile Commands Example .............................................................................. 76
11.3 SSID Profile Commands ................................................................................................................ 78
11.3.1 SSID Profile Example 1 ......................................................................................................... 80
11.3.2 SSID Profile Example 2 ......................................................................................................... 81
11.4 Security Profile Commands ......................................................................................................... 82
11.4.1 Security Profile Example ..................................................................................................... 86
11.5 MAC Filter Profile Commands ..................................................................................................... 86
11.5.1 MAC Filter Profile Example ................................................................................................. 87
11.6 Layer-2 Isolation Profile Commands ........................................................................................... 87
11.6.1 Layer-2 Isolation Profile Example .......................................................................................88
11.7 WDS Profile Commands ............................................................................................................... 88
11.7.1 WDS Profile Example ........................................................................................................... 89
Chapter 12
Rogue AP............................................................................................................................................90
12.1 Rogue AP Detection Overview ................................................................................................... 90
12.2 Rogue AP Detection Commands ...............................................................................................90
12.2.1 Rogue AP Detection Examples ......................................................................................... 92
Chapter 13
Wireless Frame Capture....................................................................................................................94
13.1 Wireless Frame Capture Overview ............................................................................................. 94
13.2 Wireless Frame Capture Commands ......................................................................................... 94
13.2.1 Wireless Frame Capture Examples .................................................................................... 95
Chapter 14
Dynamic Channel Selection.............................................................................................................96
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Table of Contents
14.1 DCS Overview ............................................................................................................................... 96
14.2 DCS Commands ........................................................................................................................... 96
Chapter 15
Wireless Load Balancing ...................................................................................................................97
15.1 Wireless Load Balancing Overview ............................................................................................ 97
15.2 Wireless Load Balancing Commands ........................................................................................ 97
15.2.1 Wireless Load Balancing Examples ................................................................................... 99
Chapter 16
Bluetooth...........................................................................................................................................100
16.1 Bluetooth Overview .................................................................................................................... 100
16.2 Bluetooth Commands ................................................................................................................ 101
16.2.1 Bluetooth Commands Example ...................................................................................... 101
Chapter 17
Certificates .......................................................................................................................................102
17.1 Certificates Overview ................................................................................................................ 102
17.2 Certificate Commands .............................................................................................................. 102
17.3 Certificates Commands Input Values ...................................................................................... 102
17.4 Certificates Commands Summary ........................................................................................... 103
17.5 Certificates Commands Examples ........................................................................................... 104
Chapter 18
System...............................................................................................................................................105
18.1 System Overview ........................................................................................................................ 105
18.2 Host Name Commands ............................................................................................................. 105
18.3 Roaming Group Commands ....................................................................................................106
18.4 Time and Date ........................................................................................................................... 106
18.4.1 Date/Time Commands ..................................................................................................... 106
18.5 Console Port Speed .................................................................................................................. 107
18.6 DNS Overview ............................................................................................................................ 108
18.6.1 DNS Commands ................................................................................................................ 108
18.6.2 DNS Command Example ................................................................................................. 109
18.7 Power Mode ................................................................................................................................ 109
Chapter 19
System Remote Management........................................................................................................110
19.1 System Timeout ........................................................................................................................... 110
19.2 HTTP/HTTPS Commands .............................................................................................................. 110
19.2.1 HTTP/HTTPS Command Examples .................................................................................... 111
19.3 SSH ..................... ........................................................................................................................... 112
19.3.1 SSH Implementation on the Zyxel Device ...................................................................... 112
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19.3.2 Requirements for Using SSH ..............................................................................................112
19.3.3 SSH Commands ................................................................................................................. 112
19.3.4 SSH Command Examples ................................................................................................. 112
19.4 Configuring FTP .......................................................................................................................... 113
19.4.1 FTP Commands ................................................................................................................. 113
19.4.2 FTP Commands Examples ................................................................................................ 113
19.5 SNMP ............................................................................................................................................ 113
19.5.1 Supported MIBs ................................................................................................................. 114
19.5.2 SNMP Traps ......................................................................................................................... 114
19.5.3 SNMP Commands ............................................................................................................. 114
Chapter 20
AAA Server ................................... .... ................................................ ... .... .... .....................................116
20.1 AAA Server Overview ................................................................................................................. 116
20.2 Authentication Server Command Summary ........................................................................... 116
20.2.1 radius-server Commands ................................................................................................. 116
20.2.2 radius-server Command Example .................................................................................. 117
20.2.3 aaa group server ad Commands ................................................................................... 117
20.2.4 aaa group server ldap Commands ................................................................................ 118
20.2.5 aaa group server radius Commands ............................................................................. 120
20.2.6 aaa group server Command Example .......................................................................... 121
Chapter 21
Authentication Objects...................................................................................................................122
21.1 Authentication Objects Overview ............................................................................................ 122
21.2 aaa authentication Commands .............................................................................................. 122
21.2.1 aaa authentication Command Example ...................................................................... 123
21.3 test aaa Command ................................................................................................................... 123
21.3.1 Test a User Account Command Example ...................................................................... 124
Chapter 22
File Manager ....................................................................................................................................125
22.1 File Directories ............................................................................................................................. 125
22.2 Configuration Files and Shell Scripts Overview ..................................... ................................. 125
22.2.1 Comments in Configuration Files or Shell Scripts ........................................................... 126
22.2.2 Errors in Configuration Files or Shell Scripts ..................................................................... 127
22.2.3 Zyxel Device Configuration File Details .......................................................................... 128
22.2.4 Configuration File Flow at Restart ................................................................................... 128
22.2.5 Sensitive Data Protection ................................................................................................. 128
22.3 File Manager Commands Input Values ................................................................................... 129
22.4 File Manager Commands Summary ........................................................................................ 130
22.5 File Manager Command Example ........................................................................................... 131
22.6 FTP File Transfer ............................................................................................................................ 132
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Table of Contents
22.6.1 Command Line FTP File Upload ....................................................................................... 132
22.6.2 Command Line FTP Configuration File Upload Example ............................................. 132
22.6.3 Command Line FTP Firmware File Upload Example ...................................................... 133
22.6.4 Command Line FTP File Download ................................................................................. 134
22.6.5 Command Line FTP Configuration File Download Example ........................................ 134
22.7 Zyxel Device File Usage at Startup ........................................................................................... 135
22.8 Notification of a Damaged Recovery Image or Firmware ................................................... 135
22.9 Restoring the Recovery Image ................................................................................................. 137
22.10 Restoring the Firmware ............................................................................................................ 138
Chapter 23
Logs...................................................................................................................................................141
23.1 Log Commands Summary ......................................................................................................... 141
23.1.1 Log Entries Commands ....................................................................................................142
23.1.2 System Log Commands ........................................................... ........................................ 142
23.1.3 Debug Log Commands ................................................................................................... 143
23.1.4 Remote Syslog Server Log Commands .......................................................................... 144
23.1.5 Email Profile Log Commands ........................................................................................... 144
23.1.6 Console Port Log Commands ......................................................................................... 146
23.1.7 Access Point Logging Commands ................................................................................. 146
Chapter 24
Reports and Reboot... ... .... ...............................................................................................................148
24.1 Report Commands Summary ...................................................................................................148
24.1.1 Report Commands ........................................................................................................... 148
24.1.2 Report Command Examples ........................................................................................... 149
24.2 Email Daily Report Commands ................................................................................................. 149
24.2.1 Email Daily Report Example ................................................................... .......................... 151
24.3 Reboot ......................................................................................................................................... 152
Chapter 25
Session Timeout............. .... ...............................................................................................................153
25.1 Session Timeout Commands ..................................................................................................... 153
25.1.1 Session Timeout Commands Example ............................................................................ 153
Chapter 26
LEDs ...................................................................................................................................................154
26.1 LED Suppression Mode ............................................................................................................... 154
26.2 LED Suppression Commands ..................................................................................................... 154
26.2.1 LED Suppression Commands Example ........................................................................... 154
26.3 LED Locator ............................................................................................................................ ..... 154
26.4 LED Locator Commands ............................................................................................................ 155
26.4.1 LED Locator Commands Example .................................................................................. 155
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Table of Contents
Chapter 27
Antenna Switch................................................................................................................................156
27.1 Antenna Switch Overview ......................................................................................................... 156
27.2 Antenna Switch Commands ..................................................................................................... 156
27.2.1 Antenna Switch Commands Examples .......................................................................... 157
Chapter 28
Diagnostics.......................................................................................................................................158
28.1 Diagnostics Overview ................................................................................................................ 158
28.2 Diagnosis Commands ................................................................................................................ 158
28.2.1 Diagnosis Commands Examples ..................................................................................... 158
Chapter 29
Maintenance Tools ..................................... .... ... .... ..........................................................................160
29.0.1 Command Examples ........................................................................................................162
Chapter 30
Watchdog Timer................................... ... .... .... ............................................... .... .... .... ......................165
30.1 Hardware Watchdog Timer ........................................................ ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ............ 165
30.2 Software Watchdog Timer ........................................................................ ....... ....... ....... ............ 165
30.3 Application Watchdog .............................................................................................................. 166
30.3.1 Application Watchdog Commands Example ............................................................... 167
List of Commands (Alphabetical) ..................................................................................................168
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PART I

Introduction

11
Getting to Know your Zyxel

1.1 Overview

Your Zyxel Device is a wireless AP (Access Point). It extends the range of your existing wired network without additional wiring, providing easy network access to mobile users.
You can set the Zyxel Device to operate in either standalone AP or managed AP mode. When the Zyxel Device is in standalone AP mode, it can serve as a normal AP, as an RF monitor to search for rouge APs to help eliminate network threats (if it support rogue APs detection), or even as a root AP or a wireless repeater to establish wireless links with other APs in a WDS (Wireless Distribution System). A WDS is a wireless connection between two or more APs.
CHAPTER 1
Device
Your Zyxel Device’s business-class reliability, SMB features, and centralized wireless management make it ideally suited for advanced service delivery in mission-critical networks. It uses Multiple BSSID and VLAN to provide simultaneous independent virtual APs. Additionally, innovations in roaming technology and QoS features eliminate voice call disruptions.
The Zyxel Device controls network access with Media Access Control (MAC) address filtering, and rogue Access Point (AP) detection. It also provides a high level of network traffic security, supporting IEEE
802.1x, Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption.

1.2 Zyxel Device Product Feature

The following tables show the differences between each Zyxel Device model. You can find the feature introductions in the later sections.The following tables show the differences between each Zyxel Device model. You can find the feature introductions in the later sections.
The following table lists the features of the Zyxel Device.
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know your Zyxel Device
The following tables show the differences between each Zyxel Device model. You can find the feature introductions in the later sections.
Table 1 500/1000 Models Comparison Table
FEATURES
Supported WiFi Standards IEEE 802.11a
Supported Frequency Bands 2.4 GHz
Supported Channel Width 2.4G: 20/40 MHz
Available Security Modes None
Number of SSID Profiles 64 64 Number of WiFi Radios 2 2 Security Profile Radius Settings Yes Yes Security Profile Enterprise
Authentication Settings Rogue AP Detection Yes Yes WDS (Wireless Distribution
System) - Root AP & Repeater Modes
Wireless Bridge No No Tunnel Forwarding Mode Yes No Layer-2 Isolation Yes Yes Supported PoE Standards IEEE 802.3af
Power Detection No No External Antennas No No Internal Antennas Yes Yes Antenna Switch No No Smart Antenna Yes Yes Console Port 4-Pin Serial 4-Pin Serial Reset Button Yes Yes LED Locator Yes Yes LED Suppression Yes Yes AC (AP Controller) Discovery Yes No NebulaFlex PRO Yes No NCC Discovery Yes Yes
802.11r Fast Roaming Support Yes Yes
802.11k/v Assisted Roaming Yes Yes Proxy ARP Yes Yes Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) No No
WAC500/
WAC500H
IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11ac
5 GHz
5G: 20/40/80 MHz
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal & Enterprise
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
IEEE 802.3at
NWA1123-ACV3
IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11ac
2.4 GHz 5 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz
5G: 20/40/80 MHz
None
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal & Enterprise
IEEE 802.3af IEEE 802.3at
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know your Zyxel Device
Table 1 500/1000 Models Comparison Table (continued)
FEATURES
Load Balancing Yes Yes Ethernet Storm Control Yes Yes Wireless Remote Capture Yes Yes SNMP Yes Yes Grounding No No Power Jack Yes Yes Maximum number of log
messages Latest Firmware Version
Supported
WAC500/
WAC500H
512 event logs
6.55 6.55
NWA1123-ACV3
Table 2 WiFi 6 Models Comparison Table
NWA110AX
FEATURES WAX630S WAX650S
NWA210AX
Supported WiFi Standards IEEE 802.11a
Supported Frequency Bands 2.4 GHz
Supported Channel Width
Available Security Modes None
Number of SSID Profiles 64 64 64 Number of WiFi Radios 2 2 2 Security Profile Radius Settings Yes Yes Yes Security Profile Enterprise Authentication
Settings Rogue AP Detection Yes Yes Yes WDS (Wireless Distribution System) - Root AP
& Repeater Modes Wireless Bridge Yes Yes No Tunnel Forwarding Mode Yes Yes No Layer-2 Isolation Yes Yes Yes Supported PoE Standards IEEE 802.3af
Power Detection Yes Yes Yes External Antennas No No No Internal Antennas Yes Yes Yes
IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11ac IEEE 802.11ax
5 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz
5G: 20/40/80/160
MHz
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal &
Enterprise
Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes
IEEE 802.3at
IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11ac IEEE 802.11ax
2.4 GHz 5 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz
5G: 20/40/80/160
MHz
None
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal &
Enterprise
IEEE 802.3at IEEE 802.3bt
IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE 802.11ax
2.4 GHz 5 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz
5G: 20/40/80 MHz
(NWA210AX supports
160 MHz)
None
Enhanced-open
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal & Enterprise
IEEE 802.3af IEEE 802.3at
WEP
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know your Zyxel Device
Table 2 WiFi 6 Models Comparison Table (continued)
NWA110AX
FEATURES WAX630S WAX650S
NWA210AX
Antenna Switch No No No Smart Antenna Yes Yes No Console Port 4-Pin Serial 4-Pin Serial 4-Pin Serial Reset Button Yes Yes Yes LED Locator Yes Yes Yes LED Suppression Yes Yes Yes AC (AP Controller) Discovery Yes Yes No NebulaFlex PRO Yes Yes No NCC Discovery Yes Yes Yes
802.11r Fast Roaming Support Yes Yes Yes
802.11k/v Assisted Roaming Yes Yes Yes Proxy ARP Yes Yes Yes Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) No Yes No Load Balancing Yes Yes Yes Ethernet Storm Control Yes Yes Yes Wireless Remote Capture Yes Yes Yes SNMP Yes Yes Yes Grounding Yes Yes Yes Power Jack Yes Yes Yes Latest Firmware Version Supported 6.55 6.55 6.55 Maximum number of log messages 512 event logs
Table 3 WiFi 6 Models Comparison Table
WAX510D
FEATURES WAX655E
WAX610D
Supported WiFi Standards IEEE 802.11a
Supported Frequency Bands 2.4 GHz
Supported Channel Width
Available Security Modes None
Number of SSID Profiles 64 64 Number of WiFi Radios 2 2 Security Profile Radius Settings Yes Yes
IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE 802.11ax
5 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz
5G: 20/40/80/160
MHz
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal &
Enterprise
IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11ac IEEE 802.11ax
2.4 GHz 5 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz
5G: 20/40/80 MHz
(WAX610D supports
160 MHz)
None
Enhanced-open
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal &
Enterprise
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know your Zyxel Device
Table 3 WiFi 6 Models Comparison Table (continued)
WAX510D
FEATURES WAX655E
WAX610D
Security Profile Enterprise Authentication Settings
Rogue AP Detection Yes Yes WDS (Wireless Distribution System)
- Root AP & Repeater Modes Wireless Bridge
Tunnel Forwarding Mode Yes Yes Layer-2 Isolation Yes Yes Supported PoE Standards IEEE 802.3af
Power Detection Yes Yes External Antennas Yes No Internal Antennas No Yes Antenna Switch
Smart Antenna No No Console Port 4-Pin Serial 4-Pin Serial Reset Button Yes Yes LED Locator Yes Yes LED Suppression Yes Yes AC (AP Controller) Discovery Yes Yes NebulaFlex PRO Yes Yes NCC Discovery Yes Yes
802.11r Fast Roaming Support Yes Yes
802.11k/v Assisted Roaming Yes Yes Proxy ARP Yes Yes Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) No No Load Balancing Yes Yes Ethernet Storm Control Yes Yes Wireless Remote Capture Yes Yes SNMP Yes Yes Grounding Yes Yes Power Jack Yes Yes Maximum number of log
messages Latest Firmware Version
Supported
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Yes
IEEE 802.3at
No
512 event logs
6.55 6.55
WAX510D: No
WAX610D: Yes
IEEE 802.3af
IEEE 802.3at
Yes
(per AP)
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know your Zyxel Device
Table 4 WiFi 6 Models Comparison Table
FEATURES NWA50AX NWA90AX NWA55AXE
Supported WiFi Standards IEEE 802.11a
Supported Frequency Bands 2.4 GHz
Supported Channel Width 2.4G: 20/40 MHz
Available Security Modes None
Number of SSID Profiles 64 64 64 Number of WiFi Radios 2 2 2 Security Profile Radius Settings No Yes No Security Profile Enterprise
Authentication Settings Rogue AP Detection Yes Yes Yes WDS (Wireless Distribution System) -
Root AP & Repeater Modes Wireless Bridge No No Yes Tunnel Forwarding Mode No No No Layer-2 Isolation No Yes No Supported PoE Standards IEEE 802.3at IEEE 802.3at IEEE 802.3at Power Detection No No N o External Antennas No No Yes Internal Antennas Yes Yes No Antenna Switch No No No Smart Antenna No No No Console Port 4-Pin Serial 4-Pin Serial No Reset button Yes Yes No LED Locator Yes Yes No LED Suppression Yes Yes Yes AC (AP Controller) Discovery No No No NCC Discovery Yes Yes Yes
802.11r Fast Roaming Support Yes Yes Yes
802.11k/v Assisted Roaming Yes Yes Yes Proxy ARP No No No Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) No No No Load Balancing No No No Ethernet Storm Control No No No Wireless Remote Capture No No No SNMP No No No
IEEE802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE802.11ax
5 GHz
5G: 20/40/80 MHz
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX-Personal
WPA3-Personal
No Yes No
Yes Yes Yes
IEEE 802.11a IEEE802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE802.11ax
2.4 GHz 5 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz
5G: 20/40/80 MHz
None
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal & Enterprise
IEEE 802.11a
IEEE802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE802.11ax
2.4 GHz 5 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz
5G: 20/40/80 MHz
None
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX-Personal
WPA3-Personal
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know your Zyxel Device
Table 4 WiFi 6 Models Comparison Table (continued)
FEATURES NWA50AX NWA90AX NWA55AXE
Grounding No No No Power Jack Yes Yes No Maximum number of log
messages Latest Firmware Version Supported 6.29 6.29 6.29
512 event logs
Table 5 WiFi 6 PRO Models Comparison Table
FEATURES NWA50AX PRO NWA90AX PRO
Supported WiFi Standards IEEE 802.11a
Supported Frequency Bands 2.4 GHz
Supported Channel Width 2.4G: 20/40 MHz
Available Security Modes None
Number of SSID Profiles 64 64 Number of WiFi Radios 2 2 Security Profile Radius Settings No Yes Security Profile Enterprise
Authentication Settings Rogue AP Detection Yes Yes WDS (Wireless Distribution System) -
Root AP & Repeater Modes Wireless Bridge No No Tunnel Forwarding Mode No No Layer-2 Isolation No Yes Supported PoE Standards IEEE 802.3at IEEE 802.3at Power Detection No No External Antennas No No Internal Antennas Yes Yes Antenna Switch No No Smart Antenna No No Console Port 4-Pin Serial 4-Pin Serial Reset Button Yes Yes LED Locator Yes Yes LED Suppression Yes Yes AC (AP Controller) Discovery No No NCC Discovery Yes Yes
802.11r Fast Roaming Support Yes Yes
IEEE802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE802.11ax
5 GHz
5G: 20/40/80/160 MHz
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX-Personal
WPA3-Personal
No Yes
Yes Yes
IEEE 802.11a IEEE802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE802.11ax
2.4 GHz 5 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz
5G: 20/40/80/160 MHz
None
Enhanced-open
WEP
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal & Enterprise
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know your Zyxel Device
Table 5 WiFi 6 PRO Models Comparison Table (continued)
FEATURES NWA50AX PRO NWA90AX PRO
802.11k/v Assisted Roaming Yes Yes Proxy ARP No No Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) No No Load Balancing No No Ethernet Storm Control No No Wireless Remote Capture No No SNMP No No Grounding No No Power Jack Yes Yes Maximum number of log
messages Latest Firmware Version Supported 6.55 6.55
512 event logs
Table 6 WiFi 6E Models Comparison Table
FEATURES WAX620D-6E WAX640S-6E WA220AX-6E
Supported WiFi Standards IEEE 802.11a
Supported Frequency Bands 2.4 GHz
BandFlex (5 GHz/6 GHz) Yes No Yes Supported Channel Width 2.4G: 20/40 MHz
Available Security Modes None
Number of SSID Profiles 64 64 64 Number of WiFi Radios 2 3 2 Security Profile Radius Settings Yes Yes Yes Security Profile Enterprise
Authentication Settings Rogue AP Detection Yes Yes Yes WDS (Wireless Distribution
System) - Root AP & Repeater Modes
Wireless Bridge Yes Yes No Tunnel Forwarding Mode Yes Yes No Layer-2 Isolation Yes Yes Yes Supported PoE Standards IEEE 802.3af
Power Detection Yes Yes Yes External Antennas No No No
IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11ac IEEE 802.11ax
5 GHz 6 GHz
5G: 20/40/80/160 MHz 6G: 20/40/80/160 MHz
Enhanced-open WEP
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal & Enterprise
Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes
IEEE 802.3at
IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11ac IEEE 802.11ax
2.4 GHz 5 GHz 6 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz 5G: 20/40/80/160 MHz 6G: 20/40/80/160 MHz
Enhanced-open WEP
Personal & Enterprise
None
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
IEEE 802.3at IEEE 802.3bt
IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11ac IEEE 802.11ax
2.4 GHz 5 GHz 6 GHz
2.4G: 20/40 MHz 5G: 20/40/80/160 MHz 6G: 20/40/80/160 MHz
None
Enhanced-open WEP
WPA2-MIX / WPA3 -
Personal & Enterprise
IEEE 802.3af IEEE 802.3at
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know your Zyxel Device
Table 6 WiFi 6E Models Comparison Table (continued)
FEATURES WAX620D-6E WAX640S-6E WA220AX-6E
Internal Antennas Yes Yes Yes Antenna Switch Yes
Smart Antenna No Yes No Console Port 4-Pin Serial 4-Pin Serial 4-Pin Serial Reset Button Yes Yes Yes LED Locator Yes Yes Yes LED Suppression Yes Yes Yes AC (AP Controller) Discovery Yes Yes No NebulaFlex PRO Yes Yes No NCC Discovery Ye s Yes Yes
802.11r Fast Roaming Support Yes Yes Yes
802.11k/v Assisted Roaming Yes Yes Yes Proxy ARP Yes Yes Yes Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) No Yes No Load Balancing Yes Yes Yes Ethernet Storm Control Yes Yes Yes Wireless Remote Capture Yes Yes Yes SNMP Yes Yes Yes Grounding No Yes No Power Jack Yes Yes Yes Maximum number of log
messages Latest Firmware Version
Supported
(per AP)
6.55 6.55 6.55
No No
512 event logs
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20

Command Line Interface

This chapter describes how to access and use the CLI (Command Line Interface).

2.1 Overview

If you have problems with your Zyxel Device, customer support may request that you issue some of these commands to assist them in troubleshooting.
Use of undocumented commands or misconfiguration can damage the Zyxel Device and possibly render it unusable.
2.1.1 The Configuration File
CHAPTER 2
When you configure the Zyxel Device using either the CLI (Command Line Interface) or the web configurator, the settings are saved as a series of commands in a configuration file on the Zyxel Device. You can store more than one configuration file on the Zyxel Device. However, only one configuration file is used at a time.
You can perform the following with a configuration file:
• Back up Zyxel Device configuration once the Zyxel Device is set up to work in your network.
• Restore Zyxel Device configuration.
• Save and edit a configuration file and upload it to multiple Zyxel Devices in your network to have the same settings.
Note: You may also edit a configuration file using a text editor.

2.2 Accessing the CLI

You can access the CLI using a terminal emulation program on a computer connected to the console port, or access the Zyxel Device using SSH (Secure SHell).
Note: The console port is not available in every model. Please check the User’s Guide or
datasheet, or refer to the product page at www.zyxel.com to see if your Zyxel Device has a console port.
Note: The Zyxel Device might force you to log out of your session if reauthentication time,
lease time, or idle timeout is reached. See Chapter 9 on page 52 for more information about these settings.
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2.2.1 Console Port
The default settings for the console port are as follows. Table 7 Managing the Zyxel Device: Console Port
SETTING VALUE
Speed 115200 bps Data Bits 8 Parity None Stop Bit 1 Flow Control Off
When you turn on your Zyxel Device, it performs several internal tests as well as line initialization. You can view the initialization information using the console port.
• Garbled text displays if your terminal emulation program’s speed is set lower than the Zyxel Device’s.
• No text displays if the speed is set higher than the Zyxel Device’s.
• If changing your terminal emulation program’s speed does not get anything to display, restart the Zyxel Device.
• If restarting the Zyxel Device does not get anything to display, contact your local customer support.
Figure 1 Console Port Power-on Display
FLASH: AMD 16M
Chapter 2 Command Line Interface
BootModule Version: V1.13 | 06/25/2010 15:05:00 DRAM: Size = 256 Mbytes
DRAM POST: Testing: 262144K
After the initialization, the login screen displays.
Figure 2 Login Screen
Welcome to WAX640S-6E
Username:
Enter the user name and password at the prompts.
Note: The default login username is admin and password is 1234. The username and password
are case-sensitive.
2.2.2 SSH (Secure SHell)
You can use an SSH client program to access the CLI. The following figure shows an example using a text-based SSH client program. Refer to the documentation that comes with your SSH program for information on using it.
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Chapter 2 Command Line Interface
Note: The default login username is admin and password is 1234. The username and password
are case-sensitive.
Figure 3 SSH Login Example
C:\>ssh2 admin@192.168.1.2 Host key not found from database. Key fingerprint: xolor-takel-fipef-zevit-visom-gydog-vetan-bisol-lysob-cuvun-muxex You can get a public key's fingerprint by running % ssh-keygen -F publickey.pub on the keyfile. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Host key saved to C:/Documents and Settings/user/Application Data/SSH/ hostkeys/ ey_22_192.168.1.2.pub host key for 192.168.1.2, accepted by user Tue Aug 09 2022 07:38:28 admin's password: Authentication successful.

2.3 How to Find Commands in this Guide

You can simply look for the feature chapter to find commands. In addition, you can use the List of
Commands (Alphabetical) at the end of the guide. This section lists the commands in alphabetical
order that they appear in this guide.
If you are looking at the CLI Reference Guide electronically, you might have additional options (for example, bookmarks or Find...) as well.

2.4 How Commands Are Explained

Each chapter explains the commands for one keyword. The chapters are divided into the following sections.
2.4.1 Background Information
Note: See the User’s Guide for background information about most features.
This section provides background information about features that you cannot configure in the web configurator. In addition, this section identifies related commands in other chapters.
2.4.2 Command Input Values
This section lists common input values for the commands for the feature in one or more tables
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2.4.3 Command Summary
This section lists the commands for the feature in one or more tables.
2.4.4 Command Examples
This section contains any examples for the commands in this feature.
2.4.5 Command Syntax
The following conventions are used in this User’s Guide.
• A command or keyword in courier new must be entered literally as shown. Do not abbreviate.
• Values that you need to provide are in italics.
• Required fields that have multiple choices are enclosed in curly brackets
• A range of numbers is enclosed in angle brackets <>.
• Optional fields are enclosed in square brackets [].
• The
| symbol means OR.
Chapter 2 Command Line Interface
{}.
2.4.6 Changing the Password
It is highly recommended that you change the password for accessing the Zyxel Device. See Section 9.2
on page 52 for the appropriate commands.

2.5 CLI Modes

You run CLI commands in one of several modes. Table 8 CLI Modes
USER PRIVILEGE CONFIGURATION SUB-COMMAND
What User users can do
What Limited- Admin users can do
What Admin users can do
How you enter it Log in to the Zyxel
• Look at (but not run) available commands
• Look at system information (like Status screen)
•Run basic diagnostics
• Look at system information (like Status screen)
•Run basic diagnostics
Device
Unable to access Unable to access Unable to access
•Look at system information (like Status screen)
•Run basic diagnostics
•Look at system information (like Status screen)
•Run basic diagnostics
Type enable in User mode
Unable to access Unable to access
• Configure simple features (such as an address object)
• Create or remove complex parts (such as an interface)
Type configure
terminal in User or Privilege mode
• Configure complex parts (such as an interface) in the Zyxel Device
Type the command used to create the specific part in Configuration mode
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Chapter 2 Command Line Interface
Table 8 CLI Modes (continued)
USER PRIVILEGE CONFIGURATION SUB-COMMAND
What the prompt looks like
How you exit it Type exit Type disable Type exit Type exit
See Chapter 9 on page 52 for more information about the user types. User users can only log in, look at (but not run) the available commands in User mode, and log out. Limited-Admin users can look at the configuration in the web configurator and CLI, and they can run basic diagnostics in the CLI. Admin users can configure the Zyxel Device in the web configurator or CLI.
At the time of writing, there is not much difference between User and Privilege mode for admin users. This is reserved for future use.
Router> Router# Router(config)#

2.6 Shortcuts and Help

(varies by part)
Router(config­if-brg)# ...
2.6.1 List of Available Commands
A list of valid commands can be found by typing ? or [TAB] at the command prompt. To view a list of available commands within a command group, enter
Figure 4 Help: Available Commands Example 1
Router> ? <cr> apply atse clear configure
------------------[Snip]-------------------­shutdown test traceroute wlan-report write Router>
<command> ? or <command> [TAB].
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Chapter 2 Command Line Interface
Figure 5 Help: Available Command Example 2
Router> show ? <wlan ap interface> aaa account app-watch-dog apply arp-table
------------------[Snip]-------------------­wlan-security-profile wlan-ssid-profile wtp-logging Router> show
2.6.2 List of Sub-commands or Required User Input
To view detailed help information for a command, enter <command> <sub command> ?.
Figure 6 Help: Sub-command Information Example
Router(config)# ip ssh server ? ; <cr> cert port | Router(config)# ip ssh server
Figure 7 Help: Required User Input Example
Router(config)# ip ssh server port ? <1..65535> Router(config)# ip ssh server port
2.6.3 Entering Partial Commands
The CLI does not accept partial or incomplete commands. You may enter a unique part of a command and press
For example, if you enter config and press [TAB] , the full command of configure automatically displays.
If you enter a partial command that is not unique and press commands that start with the partial command.
Figure 8 Non-Unique Partial Command Example
Router# c [TAB] clear configure copy Router# co configure copy
[TAB] to have the Zyxel Device automatically display the full command.
[TAB]
[TAB], the Zyxel Device displays a list of
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Chapter 2 Command Line Interface
2.6.4 Entering a ? in a Command
Typing a ? (question mark) usually displays help information. However, some commands allow you to input a ?, for example as part of a string. Press [CTRL+V] on your keyboard to enter a ? without the Zyxel Device treating it as a help query.
2.6.5 Command History
The Zyxel Device keeps a list of commands you have entered for the current CLI session. You can use any commands in the history again by pre s s i ng th e up ( ) or down () arrow key to scroll through the previously used commands and press
2.6.6 Navigation
Press [CTRL]+A to move the cursor to the beginning of the line. Press [CTRL]+E to move the cursor to the end of the line.
2.6.7 Erase Current Command
[ENTER].
Press [CTRL]+U to erase whatever you have currently typed at the prompt (before pressing [ENTER]).
2.6.8 The no Commands
When entering the no commands described in this document, you may not need to type the whole command. For example, with the “[no] mss <536..1452>” command, you use “mss 536” to specify the MSS value. But to disable the MSS setting, you only need to type “no mss” instead of “no mss 536”.

2.7 Input Values

You can use the ? or [TAB] to get more information about the next input value that is required for a command. In some cases, the next input value is a string whose length and allowable characters may not be displayed in the screen. For example, in the following example, the next input value is a string called
<description>.
Router# configure terminal Router(config)# interface lan Router(config-if-brg)# description ? <description>
The following table provides more information about input values like <description>. Table 9 Input-Value Formats for Strings in CLI Commands
TAG # VALUES LEGAL VALUES
* 1*
all -- ALL
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Chapter 2 Command Line Interface
Table 9 Input-Value Formats for Strings in CLI Commands (continued)
TAG # VALUES LEGAL VALUES
authentication key 32-40
16-20
Used in MD5 authentication keys and text authentication key
0-16 alphanumeric or _-
Used in text authentication keys
0-8 alphanumeric or _-
certificate name 1-31 alphanumeric or ;`~!@#$%^&()_+[\]{}',.=-
community string 0-63 alphanumeric or .-
connection_id 1+ alphanumeric or -_:
contact 1-61 alphanumeric, spaces, or '()+,/:=?;!*#@$_%-.
country code 0 or 2 alphanumeric
custom signature file name
description Used in keyword criteria for log entries
distinguished name 1-511 alphanumeric, spaces, or .@=,_-
domain name 0+ lower-case letters, numbers, or .-
email 1-63 alphanumeric or .@_-
e-mail 1-64 alphanumeric or .@_-
encryption key 16-64
file name 0-31 alphanumeric or _-
filter extension 1-256 alphanumeric, spaces, or '()+,/:=?;!*#@$_%.-
fqdn Used in ip dns server
full file name 0-256 alphanumeric or _/.-
0-30 alphanumeric or _-.
1-64 alphanumeric, spaces, or '()+,/:=?;!*#@$_%-.
Used in other commands
1-61 alphanumeric, spaces, or '()+,/:=?;!*#@$_%-
Used in ip dns server
1-248 alphanumeric or .-
Used in domainname, ip dhcp pool, and ip domain
1-255 alphanumeric or ._-
8-32
1-253 alphanumeric or .-
Used in ip, time server, device HA, certificates, and interface ping check
1-255 alphanumeric or .-
“0x” or “0X” + 32-40 hexadecimal values alphanumeric or ;|`~!@#$%^&*()_+\\{}':,./<>=-
first character: alphanumeric or -
first character: letter
first character: alphanumeric or -
first character: alphanumeric or -
“0x” or “0X” + 16-64 hexadecimal values alphanumeric or ;\|`~!@#$%^&*()_+\\{}':,./ <>=-
first character: alphanumeric or -
first character: alphanumeric or -
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Chapter 2 Command Line Interface
Table 9 Input-Value Formats for Strings in CLI Commands (continued)
TAG # VALUES LEGAL VALUES
hostname Used in hostname command
1-64 alphanumeric or .-_
first character: alphanumeric or -
Used in other commands
1-253 alphanumeric or .-
first character: alphanumeric or -
import configuration file
import shell script 1-
initial string 1-64 alphanumeric, spaces, or '()+,/:=!*#@$_%-.&
key length -- 512, 768, 1024, 1536, 2048
license key 25 “S-” + 6 upper-case letters or numbers + “-” +
mac address -- aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff (hexadecimal)
mail server fqdn lower-case letters, numbers, or -.
name 1-31 alphanumeric or _-
notification message 1-81 alphanumeric, spaces, or '()+,/:=?;!*#@$_%-
password: less than 15 chars
password: less than 8 chars
password Used in user and ip
phone number 1-20 numbers or ,+
preshared key 16-64 “0x” or “0X” + 16-64 hexadecimal values
profile name 1-31 alphanumeric or _-
proto name 1-16 lower-case letters, numbers, or -
protocol name 1-31 alphanumeric or _-
quoted string less than 255 chars
quoted string less than 63 chars
1­26+”.conf”
26+”.zysh”
1-15 alphanumeric or `~!@#$%^&*()_\-+={}|\;:'<,>./
1-8 alphanumeric or ;/?:@&=+$\.-_!~*'()%,#$
1-63 alphanumeric or `~!@#$%^&*()_-+={}|\;:'<,>./
Used in e-mail log profile SMTP authentication
1-63 alphanumeric or `~!@#$%^&*()_-+={}|\;:'<>./
Used in device HA synchronization
1-63 alphanumeric or ~#%^*_-={}:,.
Used in registration
6-20 alphanumeric or .@_-
1-255 alphanumeric, spaces, or ;/?:@&=+$\.-
1-63 alphanumeric, spaces, or ;/?:@&=+$\.-_!~*'()%
alphanumeric or ;`~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}',.=­add “.conf” at the end
alphanumeric or ;`~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}',.=­add “.zysh” at the end
16 upper-case letters or numbers
alphanumeric or ;|`~!@#$%^&*()_+\{}':,./<>=-
first character: letters or _-
first character: letters or _-
_!~*'()%,
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Chapter 2 Command Line Interface
Table 9 Input-Value Formats for Strings in CLI Commands (continued)
TAG # VALUES LEGAL VALUES
quoted string 0+ alphanumeric, spaces, or punctuation marks
enclosed in double quotation marks (“) must put a backslash (\) before double quotation marks that are part of input value itself
realm 1-253 alphanumeric or -_
first character: alphanumeric or -_ used in domain authentication
service name 0-63 alphanumeric or -_@$./
spi 2-8 hexadecimal
string less than 15 chars
string: less than 63 chars
string 1+ alphanumeric or -_@
subject 1-61 alphanumeric, spaces, or '()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%-
system type 0-2 hexadecimal
timezone [-+]hh -- -12 through +12 (with or without “+”)
url 1-511 alphanumeric or '()+,/:.=?;!*#@$_%-
url “http://”+
user name 1-31 alphanumeric or _-
username 1-31 alphanumeric or _-
username 6-20 alphanumeric or .@_-
user name 1+ alphanumeric or -_.
user@domainname 1-80 alphanumeric or .@_-
vrrp group name: less than 15 chars
week-day sequence, i.e. 1=first,2=second
xauth method 1-31 alphanumeric or _-
xauth password 1-31 alphanumeric or ;|`~!@#$%^&*()_+\{}':,./<>=-
mac address 0-12 (even
1-15 alphanumeric or -_
1-63 alphanumeric or `~!@#$%^&*()_-+={}|\;:'<,>./
alphanumeric or ;/?:@&=+$\.-_!~*'()%,
“https://”+
1-15 alphanumeric or _-
11-4
number)
starts with “http://” or “https://” may contain one pound sign (#)
first character: letters or _-
first character: alphanumeric or _­domain authorization
registration
logging commands
hexadecimal for example: xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx
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