Zyxel PRESTIGE 662H, PRESTIGE 662HW-d user manual
P-662H/HW-D Series
802.11g ADSL2+ 4-Port Security Gateway
User’s Guide
Version 3.40
12/2008
Edition 3
DEFAULT LOGIN
IP Address http://192.168.1.1
User Password user
Admin Password 1234
www.zyxel.com
About This User's Guide
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the ZyXEL Device using the web
configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and
topology.
Related Documentation
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
" It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the ZyXEL
Device.
• Supporting Disk
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• ZyXEL Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com
certifications.
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!
The Technical Writing Team,
ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
E-mail: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
for additional support documentation and product
P-662H/HW-D Series User’s Guide
3
Document Conventions
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
1 Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
" Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The P-662H/HW-D may be referred to as the “ZyXEL Device”, the “device”, the
“system” or the “product” in this User’s Guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER]
means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key.
“Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example,
Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation
panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For
example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000”
or “1048576” and so on.
• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
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P-662H/HW-D Series User’s Guide
Document Conventions
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The ZyXEL Device icon is
not an exact representation of your device.
ZyXEL Device Computer Notebook computer
Server DSLAM Firewall
Telephone Switch Router
P-662H/HW-D Series User’s Guide
5
Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings
1 For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device. Connect it to the right
supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the device and the power source.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
• Use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication line cord.
• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when
using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).
• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will
be damaged.
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P-662H/HW-D Series User’s Guide
This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
Safety Warnings
P-662H/HW-D Series User’s Guide
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Safety Warnings
8
P-662H/HW-D Series User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
Introduction and Wizards ......................................................................................................37
Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device ........................................................................................39
Introducing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................. 43
Wizard Setup for Internet Access.............................................................................................. 59
Bandwidth Management Wizard ............ ............................................................. .... ...................73
Network ...................................................................................................................................79
WAN Setup ...................................... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ................................................................. 81
LAN Setup ............................................................................................................................... 101
Wireless LAN ......................................... ... ... ........................................................... ... ... ............113
DMZ ....................................... .................................................... .............................................. 137
Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens .......................................................................... 141
Security .................................................................................................................................155
Firewalls .................................................................................................................................. 157
Firewall Configuration ..............................................................................................................169
Content Filtering ................................. ... ... .......................................................... .... ... ... ........... 191
Content Access Control ...........................................................................................................195
Register ....................................................................................................................................211
Introduction to IPSec ................................... .... .......................................................... ... ... ........ 215
VPN Screens ............ ... .......................................................... .... ... ... ... ... .................................. 221
Certificates ................................... ....................... ....................... ...................... ........................ 247
Advanced ..............................................................................................................................271
Static Route ............................................................................................................................. 273
Bandwidth Management ........................................ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ........................................... 277
Dynamic DNS Setup ................................................................................................................ 287
Remote Management Configuration ......................... ....................... .......................... .............. 291
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) .............................................................................................303
Maintenance, Troubleshooting and Specifications ..........................................................315
System ................................... ...................... ....................... ....................... .............................. 317
Logs ........................................................................................................................................ 323
Tools ........................................................................................................................................ 329
Diagnostic .................................... ....................................................... ..................................... 335
Troubleshooting ..................................................... .................................................................. 337
Product Specifications ............................................................................................................ 347
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Contents Overview
Appendices and Index .........................................................................................................353
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
About This User's Guide..........................................................................................................3
Document Conventions............................................................................................................4
Safety Warnings ........................................................................................................................6
Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9
Table of Contents....................................................................................................................11
List of Figures.........................................................................................................................23
List of Tables...........................................................................................................................31
Part I: Introduction and Wizards........................................................... 37
Chapter 1
Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device....................................................................................39
1.1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device ............................................................................................. 39
1.1.1 Applications of the ZyXEL Device .............................................................................. 39
1.1.2 Firewall for Secure Broadband Internet Access ............................................ ... ... .... ... 40
1.1.3 Front Panel LEDs ................................................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... .......................... 41
Chapter 2
Introducing the Web Configurator ........................................................................................43
2.1 Web Configurator Overview .................................................................................................43
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 43
2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device ................................................................................................ 46
2.3.1 Using the Reset Button .......................................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ................................ 46
2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator ................................................. ... .................................... 47
2.4.1 Navigation Panel ....................... ... .... ..........................................................................47
2.4.2 Status Screen ................... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... .......................................................... ... .... ... 50
2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table ......................................... .......................................................... 53
2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status .............................. ... .... ... ... ... .................................................... 53
2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status ...........................................................................................54
2.4.6 Status: VPN Status ..................................................................................................... 54
2.4.7 Status: Packet Statistics ......................................................... .... ................................ 55
2.4.8 Changing Login Password ........................................................................................ 57
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Chapter 3
Wizard Setup for Internet Access..........................................................................................59
3.1 Introduction ...................................... ... ... .... .......................................................... ... .............59
3.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup ............................................................................................. 59
3.2.1 Automatic Detection ......... ... ... ... ... .... ... .......................................................... ... ... .... ... 61
3.2.2 Manual Configuration ................... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ............................................. 61
3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup ..................................................................................... 66
3.3.1 Automatically assign a WPA key ................................................................................69
3.3.2 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key .............................................................................. 69
3.3.3 Manually assign a WEP key ....................................................................................... 69
Chapter 4
Bandwidth Management Wizard.................................................................................... ........73
4.1 Introduction ...................................... ... ... .... .......................................................... ... .............73
4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services .......................................... ... ... ... .... ... 73
4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup ............................................................................... 74
Part II: Network....................................................................................... 79
Chapter 5
WAN Setup...............................................................................................................................81
5.1 WAN Overview ................................................................................................................... 81
5.1.1 Encapsulation ................... ... ... ... ... ........................................................... ... ... ... ... .......81
5.1.2 Multiplexing ...................................... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .................................................... 82
5.1.3 VPI and VCI ........................................................................ ... .... ... ... ..........................82
5.1.4 IP Address Assignment ....................................................... ... .... ... ............................. 82
5.1.5 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ..................................................................................... 83
5.1.6 NAT .............. ... .... ... ... ... .............................................................................................. 83
5.2 Metric ........................................... ... ... .......................................................... .... ...................83
5.3 Traffic Shaping ....................................... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .................................................... 84
5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes ................................................................................................... 85
5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access ..................................................................................... 85
5.5 Internet Connection ............................................................................................................86
5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection ............................................................... 87
5.6 Configuring More Connections .. ... ... ... .......................................................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... 89
5.6.1 More Connections Edit .............................................. ... ... ... ... .... ................................ 90
5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup .................................... ... ... ... ... .... ... 92
5.7 Traffic Redirect .......................... ... ... ... ... .... .......................................................... ... ............. 94
5.8 Configuring WAN Backup ............................... ... .... ... ... ....................................................... 94
5.9 WAN Backup Advanced Screen .........................................................................................96
5.10 Dial Backup Modem Setup ............................................................................................... 99
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Chapter 6
LAN Setup..............................................................................................................................101
6.1 LAN Overview ................................................................................................................... 101
6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device ........................................................................ 101
6.1.2 DHCP Setup ..................... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .......................................................... .... . 102
6.1.3 DNS Server Address .............................................. .... ... ........................................... 102
6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment ................. ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ..................................... 102
6.2 LAN TCP/IP ..... ... ... ... .... .......................................................... ... ... ..................................... 103
6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask ...................................................................................103
6.2.2 RIP Setup ............................................... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ........................................... 104
6.2.3 Multicast .............. .......................................................... ... ... ..................................... 104
6.2.4 Any IP ............................................................................... ... ..................................... 105
6.3 Configuring LAN IP .................................... ... ... .......................................................... ... ..... 106
6.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup ...........................................................................107
6.4 DHCP Setup ....... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... .......................................................... ... ... ... .... .................108
6.5 LAN Client List ................................................................................................................... 109
6.6 LAN IP Alias ....................................... ... .... ... ... ... .... ............................................................110
Chapter 7
Wireless LAN.........................................................................................................................113
7.1 Wireless Network Overview ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .......................................................... .... ..113
7.2 Wireless Security Overview ............................. ... .... .......................................................... ..114
7.2.1 SSID ................................................. ... ... .......................................................... .........114
7.2.2 MAC Address Filter ...................... ....................................................................... ......114
7.2.3 User Authentication .......................................... ... ... .... ... ............................................114
7.2.4 Encryption ........................................... ... ... .......................................................... ......115
7.2.5 One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology (OTIST) .. ...............................................116
7.3 Wireless Performance Overview ............................ ... ... ... .... ... ... .........................................116
7.3.1 Quality of Service (QoS) .................. ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ...............................................116
7.4 Additional Wireless Terms ..................................................................................................116
7.5 General Wireless LAN Screen .............. .... ... ............................................................. ... .... ..117
7.5.1 No Security .......................... ... .......................................................... ... .... ... ... ............118
7.5.2 WEP Encryption Screen ...................... ... ... .... ... ... ......................................................119
7.5.3 WPA(2)-PSK ............................................................................................................ 120
7.5.4 WPA(2) Authentication Screen ............................................... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... . 122
7.5.5 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup ................................................................................124
7.6 OTIST .......... .... ... .......................................................... ... .... ... ... ........................................ 125
7.6.1 Enabling OTIST ...................... ... ... .... ... .......................................................... ... ... .... . 125
7.6.2 Starting OTIST ....................................... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ........................................... 127
7.6.3 Notes on OTIST ............................................ .......................................................... . 128
7.7 MAC Filter ....................................................................................................................... 129
7.8 WMM QoS .......... ... ... ........................................................... ... ... ... ... .... ..............................130
7.8.1 WMM QoS Example ..................... ........................................................... ... ... ... ... .... . 130
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Table of Contents
7.8.2 WMM QoS Priorities ......................... ... .....................................................................130
7.8.3 Services ..................................................................... ... ... ... ..................................... 131
7.9 QoS Screen ........... ... ........................................................... ... ... ... ... .... .............................. 131
7.9.1 ToS (Type of Service) and WMM QoS .....................................................................131
7.9.2 Application Priority Configuration ........................ ..................................................... 132
7.10 Multiple SSID (P-662HW-D Models only) ........................................................................ 133
7.10.1 Multiple SSID Commands ................. ..................................................................... 134
7.10.2 Multiple SSID Example .......................................................................................... 135
Chapter 8
DMZ........................................................................................................................................137
8.1 Introduction ...................................... ... ... .... .......................................................... ... ...........137
8.2 Configuring DMZ ............................................................ .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .....................137
8.3 DMZ Public IP Address Example .... ... ... .... ........................................................................139
Chapter 9
Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens.....................................................................141
9.1 NAT Overview ................................................................................................................... 141
9.1.1 NAT Definitions ...................................... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ........................................... 141
9.1.2 What NAT Does ........................................ .... ... ... ... .... ... ........................................... 142
9.1.3 How NAT Works ....................................................................................................... 142
9.1.4 NAT Application ...................................................... .... ... ... ... ..................................... 142
9.1.5 NAT Mapping Types ............................................ ... .................................................. 143
9.2 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ...........................................................................144
9.3 NAT General Setup ............... .... ............................................................. ... ........................144
9.4 Port Forwarding ........ .... .......................................................... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ..............145
9.4.1 Default Server IP Address ......................... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ........................................ 146
9.4.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers ..... ............. ............. ............. ............. . 146
9.4.3 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example) .........................................146
9.5 Configuring Port Forwarding ........... ... ... .............................................................. ... ...........147
9.5.1 Port Forwarding Rule Edit ....................................................................................... 148
9.6 Address Mapping .............................................................................................................. 149
9.6.1 Address Mapping Rule Edit .....................................................................................150
9.7 Trigger Port ...................................................................................................................... 151
9.8 Edit Trigger Port ............................................. ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ........................................... 153
Part III: Security.................................................................................... 155
Chapter 10
Firewalls.................................................................................................................................157
10.1 Firewall Overview ...........................................................................................................157
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10.2 Types of Firewalls ............................................................................................................ 157
10.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls .......................................................................................157
10.2.2 Application-level Firewalls ........................... .......................................... ................. 158
10.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls .................................................................................. 158
10.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall ...................................................................................... 158
10.3.1 Denial of Service Attacks .......................................................................................159
10.4 Denial of Service .............................................................................................................159
10.4.1 Basics ..................................................................................................................... 159
10.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks ............................................................................................. 160
10.5 Stateful Inspection ........................................................................................................... 162
10.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process ....................................................................................163
10.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the ZyXEL Device ............................................................ . 164
10.5.3 TCP Security .......................................................................................................... 164
10.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security ................................................................................................ 165
10.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ........................................................................................... 165
10.6 Guidelines for Enhancing Security with Your Firewall .....................................................166
10.6.1 Security In General ................................................................................................ 166
10.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall ............................................................................................. 167
10.7.1 Packet Filtering: ..................................................................................................... 167
10.7.2 Firewall ...................................................................................................................167
Chapter 11
Firewall Configuration..........................................................................................................169
11.1 Access Methods ............................................................................................................... 169
11.2 Firewall Policies Overview ...............................................................................................169
11.3 Rule Logic Overview ........................................................................................................ 170
11.3.1 Security Ramifications ............................................................................................ 170
11.3.2 Key Fields For Configuring Rules ........................................................................... 171
11.4 Connection Direction ........................................................................................................ 171
11.4.1 LAN to WAN Rules ................................................................................................. 172
11.4.2 Alerts ...................................................................................................................... 172
11.5 General Firewall Policy .................................................................................................172
11.6 Firewall Rules Summary ................................................................................................. 173
11.6.1 Configuring Firewall Rules ...................................................................................175
11.6.2 Customized Services . .... ... ... ... ... .... ............................................................. ... ... .... . 178
11.6.3 Configuring A Customized Service ........................................................................ 178
11.7 Example Firewall Rule .....................................................................................................179
11.8 Predefined Services .........................................................................................................183
11.9 Anti-Probing ..................................................................................................................... 185
11.10 DoS Thresholds ............................................................................................................ 186
11.10.1 Threshold Values ................... ... .... ... ... ... .......................................................... .... . 186
11.10.2 Half-Open Sessions .............. ... .... ... ... ... .... .......................................................... . 187
11.10.3 Configuring Firewall Thresholds ...........................................................................187
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Table of Contents
Chapter 12
Content Filtering...................................................................................................................191
12.1 Content Filtering Overview .............................................................................................191
12.2 Configuring Keyword Blocking ........................................................................................ 191
12.3 Configuring the Schedule ............................................................................................... 192
12.4 Configuring Trusted Computers ...................................................................................... 193
Chapter 13
Content Access Control.......................................................................................................195
13.1 Content Access Control Overview ...................................................................................195
13.1.1 Content Access Control WLAN Application ........................................................... 195
13.1.2 Configuration Steps ................................................................................................ 195
13.2 Activating CAC and Creating User Groups .................................................................... 196
13.2.1 Configuring Time Schedule ................................................................................... 197
13.2.2 Configuring Services ............................................................................................. 198
13.2.3 Configuring Web Site Filters .................................................................................200
13.2.4 Testing Web Site Access Privileges ......................................................................205
13.3 User Account Setup ........................................................................................................ 206
13.4 User Online Status ..........................................................................................................207
13.5 Trusted Devices .............................................................................................................. 208
13.6 Trusted-external Websites .............................................................................................. 208
13.7 Content Access Control Logins .......................................................................................209
13.7.1 User Login ..............................................................................................................209
13.7.2 Administrator Login ................................................................................................210
Chapter 14
Register..................................................................................................................................211
14.1 myZyXEL.com overview ...................................................................................................211
14.1.1 Subscription Services Available on the ZyXEL Device ...........................................211
14.2 Registration .....................................................................................................................212
14.3 Service ............................................................................................................................. 213
Chapter 15
Introduction to IPSec............................................................................................................215
15.1 VPN Overview ................................................................................................................. 215
15.1.1 IPSec ...................................................................................................................... 215
15.1.2 Security Association ............................................................................................... 215
15.1.3 Other Terminology .................................................................................................. 215
15.1.4 VPN Applications ................................................................................................... 216
15.2 IPSec Architecture ...................... ................................................... .................................. 216
15.2.1 IPSec Algorithms .................................................................................................... 217
15.2.2 Key Management ................................................................................................... 217
15.3 Encapsulation .................................................................................................................. 217
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15.3.1 Transport Mode ...................................................................................................... 218
15.3.2 Tunnel Mode ....................................................... .... ... ... ... ..................................... 218
15.4 IPSec and NAT ................................................................................................................218
Chapter 16
VPN Screens..........................................................................................................................221
16.1 VPN/IPSec Overview ....................................................................................................... 221
16.2 IPSec Algorithms ............................................................................................................. 221
16.2.1 AH (Authentication Header) Protocol .....................................................................221
16.2.2 ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) Protocol ...................... .............................. 221
16.3 My IP Address ................................................................................................................. 222
16.4 Secure Gateway Address .................... .................................................... ........................ 222
16.4.1 Dynamic Secure Gateway Address .......................................................................223
16.5 VPN Setup Screen .........................................................................................................223
16.6 Keep Alive ....................................................................................................................... 225
16.7 VPN, NAT, and NAT Traversal ......................................................................................... 225
16.8 Remote DNS Server ........................................................................................................226
16.9 ID Type and Content ........................................................................................................227
16.9.1 ID Type and Content Examples .............................................................................228
16.10 Pre-Shared Key ............................................................................................................. 229
16.11 Editing VPN Policies .....................................................................................................229
16.12 IKE Phases ...................................................................................................................233
16.12.1 Negotiation Mode .................................................................................................234
16.12.2 Diffie-Hellman (DH) Key Groups ..........................................................................235
16.12.3 Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) .......................................................................... 235
16.13 Configuring Advanced IKE Settings ............................................................................. 235
16.14 Manual Key Setup .........................................................................................................238
16.14.1 Security Parameter Index (SPI) ........... .... .......................................................... . 238
16.15 Configuring Manual Key ...............................................................................................238
16.16 Viewing SA Monitor ......................................................................................................241
16.17 Configuring Global Setting ............................................................................................ 242
16.18 Telecommuter VPN/IPSec Examples ............................................................................243
16.18.1 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example ................................................243
16.18.2 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example ............................................. 244
16.19 VPN and Remote Management .....................................................................................245
Chapter 17
Certificates ............................................................................................................................247
17.1 Certificates Overview ....................................................................................................... 247
17.1.1 Advantages of Certificates ..................................................................................... 248
17.2 Self-signed Certificates .................................................................................................... 248
17.3 Configuration Summary ...................................................................................................248
17.4 My Certificates ................................................................................................................248
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Table of Contents
17.5 My Certificate Import ...................................................................................................... 250
17.5.1 Certificate File Formats ..........................................................................................251
17.6 My Certificate Create ......................................................................................................252
17.7 My Certificate Details .............. ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ............................................................... 254
17.8 Trusted CAs ................................................................................................................... 257
17.9 Trusted CA Import .........................................................................................................259
17.10 Trusted CA Details .........................................................................................................260
17.11 Trusted Remote Hosts .................................................................................................262
17.12 Verifying a Trusted Remote Host’s Certificate ...............................................................264
17.12.1 Trusted Remote Host Certificate Fingerprints ..................................................... . 264
17.13 Trusted Remote Hosts Import ...................................................................................... 265
17.14 Trusted Remote Host Certificate Details ..................................................................... 265
17.15 Directory Servers ...........................................................................................................268
17.16 Directory Server Add or Edit ........................................................................................269
Part IV: Advanced ................................................................................ 271
Chapter 18
Static Route...........................................................................................................................273
18.1 Static Route Overview ..................................................................................................273
18.2 Configuring Static Routes ...............................................................................................274
18.2.1 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................... 275
Chapter 19
Bandwidth Management.......................................................................................................277
19.1 Bandwidth Management Overview ................................................................................. 277
19.2 Application-based Bandwidth Management .................................................................... 277
19.3 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .......................................................................... 277
19.4 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .................................................278
19.5 Scheduler ........................................................................................................................278
19.5.1 Priority-based Scheduler ........................................................................................ 278
19.5.2 Fairness-based Scheduler ..................................................................................... 279
19.6 Maximize Bandwidth Usage ............................................................................................279
19.6.1 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-Bandwidth Class Traffic .......................................... 279
19.6.2 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example .................................................................... 279
19.6.3 Bandwidth Management Priorities ......................................................................... 281
19.7 Configuring Summary .....................................................................................................281
19.8 Bandwidth Management Rule Setup .............................................................................282
19.8.1 Rule Configuration ................................................................................................. 283
19.9 Bandwidth Monitor ..........................................................................................................286
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Chapter 20
Dynamic DNS Setup .............................................................................................................287
20.1 Dynamic DNS Overview ................................................................................................. 287
20.1.1 DYNDNS Wildcard ......................... ....................................................................... . 287
20.2 Configuring Dynamic DNS .............................................................................................. 287
Chapter 21
Remote Management Configuration...................................................................................291
21.1 Remote Management Overview ..................................................................................... 291
21.1.1 Remote Management Limitations ..........................................................................292
21.1.2 Remote Management and NAT .............................................................................. 292
21.1.3 System Timeout ....................................................................................................292
21.2 WWW .............................................................................................................................. 292
21.3 Telnet ...............................................................................................................................294
21.4 Configuring Telnet ............................................................................................................ 294
21.5 Configuring FTP ............................................................................................................. 295
21.6 SNMP .............................................................................................................................. 296
21.6.1 Supported MIBs ..................................................................................................... 297
21.6.2 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................... 297
21.6.3 Configuring SNMP ................................................................................................. 297
21.7 Configuring DNS ............................................................................................................. 299
21.8 Configuring ICMP ............................................................................................................299
21.9 TR-069 ............................................................................................................................. 300
Chapter 22
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)..........................................................................................303
22.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play ............................................................................... 303
22.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ......................................................................... 303
22.1.2 NAT Traversal ........................................................................................................ 303
22.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ...............................................................................................303
22.2 UPnP and ZyXEL ............................................................................................................304
22.2.1 Configuring UPnP .................................................................................................. 304
22.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example ..............................................................................305
22.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example .............................................................................308
Part V: Maintenance, Troubleshooting and Specifications.............. 315
Chapter 23
System...................................................................................................................................317
23.1 General Setup and System Name .................... ....................................................... ........317
23.1.1 System Configuration ............................................................................................ 317
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Table of Contents
23.2 Time Setting .................................................................................................................... 319
Chapter 24
Logs ......................................................................................................................................323
24.1 Logs Overview ................................................................................................................323
24.1.1 Alerts and Logs ......................................................................................................323
24.2 Viewing the Logs .............................................................................................................323
24.3 Configuring Log Settings ................................................................................................324
24.4 SMTP Error Messages ....................................................................................................326
24.4.1 Example E-mail Log ..............................................................................................327
Chapter 25
Tools.......................................................................................................................................329
25.1 Firmware Upgrade ............................................... ........................................................... 329
25.2 Configuration Screen .......................................................................................................331
25.2.1 Backup Configuration ........................ ....................................... .............................. 331
25.2.2 Restore Configuration ............................................................................................ 332
25.2.3 Back to Factory Defaults ................... ... ... .......................................................... .... . 333
25.3 Restart ............................................................................................................................. 333
Chapter 26
Diagnostic..............................................................................................................................335
26.1 General Diagnostic ......................................................................................................... 335
26.2 DSL Line Diagnostic ....... ... .... ... ... ... ...............................................................................336
Chapter 27
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................337
27.1 Problems Starting Up the ZyXEL Device ......................................................................... 337
27.2 Problems with the LAN .................................................................................................... 337
27.3 Problems with the WAN ................................................................................................... 338
27.4 Problems Accessing the ZyXEL Device ............... ... ... ..................................................... 3 38
27.4.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ...........................................339
27.4.2 ActiveX Controls in Internet Explorer ..................................................................... 344
Chapter 28
Product Specifications........................................................................................................347
28.1 General ZyXEL Device Specifications .............................................................................347
28.2 Wall-mounting Instructions ..............................................................................................351
Part VI: Appendices and Index ........................................................... 353
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address............................................................355
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Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions......................................377
Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting ...........................................................................385
Appendix D Wireless LANs ..................................................................................................395
Appendix E Management with Wireless Zero Configuration................................................409
Appendix F Common Services.............................................................................................423
Appendix G Virtual Circuit Topology.....................................................................................427
Appendix H Importing Certificates........................................................................................429
Appendix I NetBIOS Filter Commands.................................................................................435
Appendix J Command Interpreter ........................................................................................437
Appendix K Internal SPTGEN ..............................................................................................443
Appendix L Log Descriptions................................................................................................459
Appendix M Legal Information..............................................................................................475
Appendix N Customer Support.............................................................................................479
Index.......................................................................................................................................485
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List of Figures
List of Figures
Figure 1 ZyXEL Device Internet Access Application ..............................................................................40
Figure 2 ZyXEL Device LAN-to-LAN Application Example ..................... ................... ................... .......... 40
Figure 3 Firewall Application .................................................................................................................. 41
Figure 4 P-662H Front Panel .................................................................................................................. 41
Figure 5 P-662HW Front Panel ..............................................................................................................41
Figure 6 Password Screen .....................................................................................................................44
Figure 7 Change Password at Login ...................................................................................................... 45
Figure 8 Replace Factory Default Certificate ..........................................................................................45
Figure 9 Select a Mode .......................................................................................................................... 46
Figure 10 Web Configurator: Main Screen ........................................................................................... 47
Figure 11 Status Screen ......................................................................................................................... 51
Figure 12 Status: Any IP Table ............................................................................................................... 53
Figure 13 Status: WLAN Status .............................................................................................................. 54
Figure 14 Status: Bandwidth Status ........................................................................................................ 54
Figure 15 Status: VPN Status ................................................................................................................. 55
Figure 16 Status: Packet Statistics ......................................................................................................... 56
Figure 17 System General ...................................................................................................................... 57
Figure 18 Select a Mode ........................................................................................................................ 59
Figure 19 Wizard: Welcome ...................................................................................................................60
Figure 20 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection ...................................................................................... 60
Figure 21 Auto Detection: Failed ............................................................................................................ 61
Figure 22 Auto-Detection: PPPoE ..........................................................................................................61
Figure 23 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ................. .................... ................... ............. 62
Figure 24 Internet Connection with PPPoE ............................................................................................ 63
Figure 25 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ......................................................................................63
Figure 26 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP .................................................................................64
Figure 27 Internet Connection with PPPoA ............................................................................................ 65
Figure 28 Connection Test Failed-1 ........................................................................................................65
Figure 29 Connection Test Failed-2. .......................................................................................................66
Figure 30 Connection Test Successful .................................. .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... .............66
Figure 31 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ................................................................................................ 67
Figure 32 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ................................................................................................ 68
Figure 33 Manually assign a WPA key ...................................................................................................69
Figure 34 Manually assign a WEP key ...................................................................................................70
Figure 35 Wireless LAN Setup 3 ............................................................................................................70
Figure 36 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete ............................................................. 71
Figure 37 Select a Mode ........................................................................................................................ 74
Figure 38 Wizard: Welcome ...................................................................................................................75
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List of Figures
Figure 39 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ...........................................................75
Figure 40 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration ..................................................................... 76
Figure 41 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete ........................................................................... 77
Figure 42 Example of Traffic Shaping ....................................................................................................84
Figure 43 Internet Connection (PPPoE) .................................................................................................86
Figure 44 Advanced Internet Connection ............................................................................................... 88
Figure 45 More Connections ........................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................ 90
Figure 46 More Connections Edit ................. ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .................................................... 91
Figure 47 More Connections Advanced Setup ................................................ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... 93
Figure 48 Traffic Redirect Example .............. .......................................................................................... 94
Figure 49 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ..................................................................................................... 94
Figure 50 WAN Backup Setup ...................... ... ... ... ... .... ... .......................................................................95
Figure 51 WAN Backup Advanced Setup ............................................................................................... 97
Figure 52 WAN Dial Backup Modem Setup ............................................................ ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ....... 99
Figure 53 LAN and WAN IP Addresses ................................................................................................ 101
Figure 54 Any IP Example ....................................................................................................................105
Figure 55 LAN IP .................................................................................................................................. 106
Figure 56 Advanced LAN Setup ........................................................................................................... 107
Figure 57 DHCP Setup .........................................................................................................................108
Figure 58 LAN Client List .......................................................................................................................110
Figure 59 Physical Network & Partitioned Logical Networks .................................................................111
Figure 60 LAN IP Alias ..........................................................................................................................111
Figure 61 Example of a Wireless Network ............................................................................................113
Figure 62 Wireless LAN: General .........................................................................................................117
Figure 63 Wireless: No Security ............................................................................................................119
Figure 64 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ............................................................ ...................... ........ 120
Figure 65 Wireless: WPA(2)-PSK .........................................................................................................121
Figure 66 Wireless: WPA(2) ................................................................................................................. 122
Figure 67 Advanced ............................................................................................................................. 124
Figure 68 OTIST ................................................................................................................................... 126
Figure 69 Example Wireless Client OTIST Screen .............................................................................. 127
Figure 70 Security Key .......................................... ... .... ... ... ..................................................................127
Figure 71 OTIST in Progress (AP) ............... ........................................................................................ 128
Figure 72 OTIST in Progress (Client) ...................................................................................................128
Figure 73 No AP with OTIST Found .....................................................................................................128
Figure 74 Start OTIST? ........................................................................................................................128
Figure 75 MAC Address Filter ..............................................................................................................129
Figure 76 Wireless LAN: QoS ............ ... ... .... ........................................................................................ 131
Figure 77 Application Priority Configuration .........................................................................................132
Figure 78 Multiple SSID Network Example ..........................................................................................134
Figure 79 DMZ ...................................................................................................................................... 138
Figure 80 DMZ Public Address Example ...................... ................... ................... .................... .............. 139
Figure 81 How NAT Works ...................................................................................................................142
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Figure 82 NAT Application With IP Alias ..............................................................................................143
Figure 83 NAT General .........................................................................................................................145
Figure 84 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ................................................................................ 146
Figure 85 NAT Port Forwarding ................................................................. ........................................... 147
Figure 86 Port Forwarding Rule Setup ................................................................................................148
Figure 87 Address Mapping Rules .......................................................................................................149
Figure 88 Edit Address Mapping Rule ............................................ ... .... ... ........................................... 150
Figure 89 Trigger Port ..........................................................................................................................152
Figure 90 Trigger Port Edit .................................................................................................................. 153
Figure 91 Firewall Application .............................................................................................................. 159
Figure 92 Three-Way Handshake ......................................................................................................... 160
Figure 93 SYN Flood ....................... ... ... ... .... ... .......................................................... ... ... .....................161
Figure 94 Smurf Attack .........................................................................................................................161
Figure 95 Stateful Inspection ................................................................................................................163
Figure 96 Firewall: General ..................................................................................................................172
Figure 97 Firewall Rules ......................................................................................................................174
Figure 98 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................................ 176
Figure 99 Firewall: Customized Services .............................................................................................178
Figure 100 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ...........................................................................179
Figure 101 Firewall Example: Rules ............................. ................................................ ........................ 180
Figure 102 Edit Custom Port Example .................................................................................................180
Figure 103 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Destination Address ............................................................ 181
Figure 104 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Select Customized Services ................................................. 182
Figure 105 Firewall Example: Rules: MyService .................................................................................183
Figure 106 Firewall: Anti Probing ......................................................................................................... 185
Figure 107 Firewall: Threshold ............................................................................................................. 188
Figure 108 Content Filter: Keyword ...................................................................................................... 191
Figure 109 Content Filter: Schedule .....................................................................................................192
Figure 110 Content Filter: Trusted ........................................................................................................ 193
Figure 111 Content Access Control with WLAN Application ................................................................195
Figure 112 Content Access Control: General ......................................................................................196
Figure 113 Control Access Control: General: Time Scheduling ........................ .... ... ... ........................ 197
Figure 114 Content Access Control: General: Services .................................... .... ... ... ... .... .................199
Figure 115 Content Access Control: G e neral: Web Site Filter ..... ... ... .................................................. 200
Figure 116 Content Access Control: General: Diagnose ... ... .... ... ........................................................ 205
Figure 117 Content Access Control: User Profiles ..............................................................................206
Figure 118 Content Access Control: Online Status ................................ ... ... ... ... .... ..............................207
Figure 119 Content Access Control: Trusted Device ........................................................................... 208
Figure 120 Content Access Control: Trusted-external Website ................... ... ... .... .............................. 209
Figure 121 Content Access Control: User Login Screen .................................................................... 210
Figure 122 Content Access Control: User Logout Screen ...................................................................210
Figure 123 Security > Register ............................................................................................................. 212
Figure 124 Security > Register > Service .............................................................................................213
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List of Figures
Figure 125 Encryption and Decryption .................................................................................................216
Figure 126 IPSec Architecture .............................................................................................................. 217
Figure 127 Transport and T unnel Mode IPSec Encapsulation ............................................................. 218
Figure 128 IPSec Summary Fields .......................................................................................................223
Figure 129 VPN Setup .......................................................................................................................... 224
Figure 130 NAT Router Between IPSec Routers .................................................................................225
Figure 131 VPN Host using Intranet DNS Server Example ..................................................................227
Figure 132 Edit VPN Policies ...................... ... ... ... ... .... ........................................................................229
Figure 133 Two Phases to Set Up the IPSec SA .................................................................................233
Figure 134 Advanced VPN Policies ...................................................................................................... 236
Figure 135 VPN: Manual Key ............................................................................................................... 239
Figure 136 VPN: SA Monitor ................................................................................................................242
Figure 137 VPN: Global Setting ........................................................................................................... 242
Figure 138 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example .............................................................. 243
Figure 139 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example ........................................................... 244
Figure 140 Certificate Configuration Overview .....................................................................................248
Figure 141 My Certificates ................................................................................................................... 249
Figure 142 My Certificate Import ..........................................................................................................251
Figure 143 My Certificate Create .......................................................................................................... 252
Figure 144 My Certificate Details ......................................................................................................... 255
Figure 145 Trusted CAs ........................................................................................................................258
Figure 146 Trusted CA Import .............................................................................................................. 259
Figure 147 Trusted CA Details .............................................................................................................260
Figure 148 Trusted Remote Hosts ........................................................................................................ 263
Figure 149 Remote Host Certificates ...................................................................................................264
Figure 150 Certificate Details .............................................................................................................. 264
Figure 151 Trusted Remote Host Import .............................................................................................. 265
Figure 152 Trusted Remote Host Details .............................................................................................266
Figure 153 Directory Servers ................................................................................................................ 269
Figure 154 Directory Server Add ..........................................................................................................270
Figure 155 Example of Static Routing Topology ...................................................................................273
Figure 156 Static Route ........................................................................................................................274
Figure 157 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................................. 275
Figure 158 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ............................................. ... ... ... ... .... . 278
Figure 159 Bandwidth Management: Summary ................................................................................... 281
Figure 160 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ................................................................................. 282
Figure 161 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ...................................................................... 284
Figure 162 Bandwidth Management: Monitor ......................................................................................286
Figure 163 Dynamic DNS .....................................................................................................................288
Figure 164 Remote Management: WWW ............................................................................................. 293
Figure 165 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network .............. ................ ............. ................ .............. 294
Figure 166 Remote Management: Telnet .............................................................................................294
Figure 167 Remote Management: FTP ................................................................................................295
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Figure 168 SNMP Management Model ................................................................................................296
Figure 169 Remote Management: SNMP ............................................................................................298
Figure 170 Remote Management: DNS ...............................................................................................299
Figure 171 Remote Management: ICMP ............................ .................................................... ..............300
Figure 172 Enabling TR-069 ............................................................................................................... 301
Figure 173 Configuring UPnP ............................................................................................................... 304
Figure 174 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ................................................ 305
Figure 175 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components .......................... 306
Figure 176 Network Connections .........................................................................................................306
Figure 177 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard ............................... ... ... .... .................307
Figure 178 Networking Services ........................................................................................................... 307
Figure 179 Network Connections .........................................................................................................308
Figure 180 Internet Connection Properties .......................................................................................... 309
Figure 181 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ...........................................................310
Figure 182 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add .................................................. 310
Figure 183 System Tray Icon .................................................................................................................311
Figure 184 Internet Connection Status ..................................................................................................311
Figure 185 Network Connections .........................................................................................................312
Figure 186 Network Connections: My Network Places ........................................................................ 313
Figure 187 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ......................................313
Figure 188 System General Setup .......................................................................................................318
Figure 189 System Time Setting ..........................................................................................................319
Figure 190 View Log ............................................................................................................................. 324
Figure 191 Log Settings ....................................................................................................................... 325
Figure 192 E-mail Log Example ...........................................................................................................327
Figure 193 Firmware Upgrade .............................................................................................................. 329
Figure 194 Firmware Upload In Progress ........................... .................... ................... ................... ........ 330
Figure 195 Network Temporarily Disconnected ....................................................................................330
Figure 196 Error Message ....................................................................................................................331
Figure 197 Configuration ...................................................................................................................... 331
Figure 198 Configuration Restore Successful ......................................................................................332
Figure 199 Temporarily Disconnected ..................................................................................................332
Figure 200 Configuration Restore Error ............................................................................................... 333
Figure 201 Restart Screen ................................................................................................................... 333
Figure 202 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................................335
Figure 203 Diagnostic: DSL Line ..........................................................................................................336
Figure 204 Pop-up Blocker ...................................................................................................................339
Figure 205 Internet Options .................................................................................................................340
Figure 206 Internet Options ..................................................................................................................341
Figure 207 Pop-up Blocker Settings .....................................................................................................341
Figure 208 Internet Options ..................................................................................................................342
Figure 209 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 343
Figure 210 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 343
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List of Figures
Figure 211 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 344
Figure 212 Internet Options Security ....................................................................................................345
Figure 213 Security Setting ActiveX Controls .......................................................................................345
Figure 214 Wall-mounting Example ...................................................................................................... 352
Figure 215 Masonry Plug and M4 Tap Screw .......................................................................................352
Figure 216 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ...................................................................... 356
Figure 217 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address .......................................................... 357
Figure 218 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration .............................................. 358
Figure 219 Windows XP: Start Menu .................................................................................................... 359
Figure 220 Windows XP: Control Panel ...............................................................................................359
Figure 221 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties . ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... . 360
Figure 222 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ............................................................... 360
Figure 223 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ........................ .................................. 361
Figure 224 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................... 362
Figure 225 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ........................ .................................. 363
Figure 226 Windows Vista: Start Menu ................................................................................................. 364
Figure 227 Windows Vista: Control Panel ............................................................................................ 364
Figure 228 Windows Vista: Network And Internet ................................................................................ 364
Figure 229 Windows Vista: Network and Sharing Center ..................................................................... 364
Figure 230 Windows Vista: Network and Sharing Center ..................................................................... 365
Figure 231 Windows Vista: Local Area Connection Properties ............................................................ 365
Figure 232 Windows Vista: Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties ...................................366
Figure 233 Windows Vista: Advanced TCP/IP Properties .................................. .................................. 367
Figure 234 Windows Vista: Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties ...................................368
Figure 235 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu .......................................................................................... 369
Figure 236 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP .................................................................................................369
Figure 237 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ............................................................................................370
Figure 238 Macintosh OS X: Network ..................................................................................................371
Figure 239 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices ......................................................... 372
Figure 240 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General .................................... ... ... ........................ 372
Figure 241 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS ...............................................................373
Figure 242 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate ............. ... ... ... .................................. 373
Figure 243 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ...............................................374
Figure 244 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ...................................................374
Figure 245 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf ........................................................................ 374
Figure 246 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card ................................................................................. 374
Figure 247 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties .......................................................................375
Figure 248 Pop-up Blocker ...................................................................................................................377
Figure 249 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 378
Figure 250 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 379
Figure 251 Pop-up Blocker Settings .....................................................................................................379
Figure 252 Internet Options: Security ................................................................................................... 380
Figure 253 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 381
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List of Figures
Figure 254 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 381
Figure 255 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 382
Figure 256 Mozilla Firefox: Tools > Options .......... ... ........................................................... ... ... ... ........ 383
Figure 257 Mozilla Firefox Content Security .........................................................................................383
Figure 258 Network Number and Host ID ............................................................................................ 386
Figure 259 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting ....................................... ... .... ... ... ... .....................388
Figure 260 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting ....................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... .....................389
Figure 261 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example .................................................................... 393
Figure 262 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example .................................................................... 393
Figure 263 Conflicting Computer and Router IP Addresses Example .................................................. 394
Figure 264 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network ......................................................... 395
Figure 265 Basic Service Set ...............................................................................................................396
Figure 266 Infrastructure WLAN ............................... ................................................. ........................... 397
Figure 267 RTS/CTS ........................................................................................................................... 398
Figure 268 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example .......................................................................405
Figure 269 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication ...............................................................................................406
Figure 270 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status ................................................... 409
Figure 271 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Status ................................................... 410
Figure 272 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties .............................................410
Figure 273 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Properties ..............................................411
Figure 274 Windows XP SP2: WZC Not Available ................................................................................411
Figure 275 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon .................................................................................412
Figure 276 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Status ................................................... 412
Figure 277 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status ................................................... 413
Figure 278 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection .............................................................. 413
Figure 279 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties .............................................414
Figure 280 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: WEP or WPA-PSK ..............................415
Figure 281 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: No Security ........................................ 415
Figure 282 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association .......... ........................................ 416
Figure 283 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication ............................................. 417
Figure 284 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties ............................................................................ 418
Figure 285 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties ...................................................419
Figure 286 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks ..............................................420
Figure 287 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks ..............................................421
Figure 288 Virtual Circuit Topology ....................................................................................................... 427
Figure 289 Security Certificate .............................................................................................................429
Figure 290 Login Screen ......................................................................................................................430
Figure 291 Certificate General Information before Import ....................................................................430
Figure 292 Certificate Import Wizard 1 .................................................................................................431
Figure 293 Certificate Import Wizard 2 .................................................................................................431
Figure 294 Certificate Import Wizard 3 .................................................................................................432
Figure 295 Root Certificate Store ......................................................................................................... 432
Figure 296 Certificate General Information after Import ....................................................................... 433
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List of Figures
Figure 297 Displaying Log Categories Example ..................................................................................438
Figure 298 Displaying Log Parameters Example ................................................................................. 438
Figure 299 Routing Command Example ..............................................................................................440
Figure 300 Backup Gateway ................................................................................................................441
Figure 301 Configuration Text File Format: Column Descriptions ........................................................443
Figure 302 Invalid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ....................................... ... ... ... ... .... . 444
Figure 303 Valid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ...........................................................444
Figure 304 Internal SPTGEN FTP Download Example ........................................................................ 445
Figure 305 Internal SPTGEN FTP Upload Example ............................................................................ 445
Figure 306 Displaying Log Categories Example ..................................................................................472
Figure 307 Displaying Log Parameters Example ................................................................................. 473
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