Zyxel P-2602HWL-DXA Support Notes

P-2602HWL-DXA

Support Notes

Version 3.40

Feb. 2006

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Index

Application Notes ..........................................................................................9

General Application Notes.....................................................................................9

Internet Connection................................................................................................9

Setup the Prestige as a DHCP Relay............................................................13

Configure an Internal Server Behind SUA..................................................15

Configure a PPTP server Behind SUA........................................................17

Using NAT / Multi-NAT..............................................................................21

About Filter & Filter Examples ...................................................................42

Using the Dynamic DNS (DDNS)...............................................................65

Network Management Using SNMP...........................................................67

Using syslog.................................................................................................73

Using IP Alias ..............................................................................................77

Using Call Scheduling .................................................................................79

Using IP Multicast .......................................................................................84

Using Prestige traffic redirect......................................................................86

Using Universal Plug n Play (UPnP)...........................................................88

Wireless Application Notes..................................................................................94

Infrastructure mode......................................................................................94

Wireless MAC address filtering...................................................................99

WEP configuration (Wired Equivalent Privacy)........................................102

Configuring 802.1x....................................................................................109

Site Survey.................................................................................................122

PSTN Lifeline Application Notes......................................................................125

Usage of PSTN Lifeline.............................................................................125

Lifeline configuration ................................................................................126

Relay to PSTN ...........................................................................................127

How to connect Lifeline and DSL connection...........................................127

VoIP Application Notes......................................................................................128

Setup SIP Account.....................................................................................129

Peer to Peer call .........................................................................................132

Phone port settings.....................................................................................136

Advanced voice settings configuration......................................................138

Phone book Speed dial...............................................................................141

Voice - QoS setup......................................................................................144

Call Forwarding setup................................................................................145

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Voice – Common Settings.........................................................................148

FAQ .............................................................................................................149

ZyNOS FAQ ......................................................................................................149

What is ZyNOS?........................................................................................149

How do I access the embedded web configurator?....................................150

What is the default LAN IP address and Password? Moreover, how do I

change it?...................................................................................................150

How do I upload the ZyNOS firmware code via embeded web

configurator?..............................................................................................150

How do I upgrade/backup the ZyNOS firmware by using FTP client

program via LAN?.....................................................................................150

How do I upload or backup ROMFILE via web configurator?.................151

How do I backup/restore configurations by using FTP client program via

LAN?..........................................................................................................151

Why can't I make Telnet to Prestige from WAN?.....................................152

What should I do if I forget the system password?....................................152

What is SUA? When should I use SUA?...................................................152

What is the difference between NAT and SUA?.......................................153

How many network users can the SUA/NAT support?.............................153

What are Device filters and Protocol filters?.............................................153

Why can't I configure device filters or protocol filters?............................153

Product FAQ ......................................................................................................154

What is the Prestige Integrated Access Device?........................................154

Will the Prestige work with my Internet connection?................................154

What do I need to use the Prestige?...........................................................154

What is PPPoE? .........................................................................................154

Does the Prestige support PPPoE?.............................................................155

How do I know I am using PPPoE?...........................................................155

Why does my provider use PPPoE?...........................................................155

Which Internet Applications can I use with the Prestige? .........................155

How can I configure the Prestige?.............................................................155

What network interface does the Prestige support?...................................155

What can we do with Prestige?..................................................................155

Does Prestige support dynamic IP addressing?.........................................156

What is the difference between the internal IP and the real IP from my ISP?

....................................................................................................................156

How does e-mail work through the Prestige?............................................156

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the outside

Internet? If possible, how?.........................................................................156

What DHCP capability does the Prestige support?....................................156

How do I used the reset button, more over what field of parameter will be

reset by reset button? .................................................................................157

What network interface does the new Prestige series support?.................157

How does the Prestige support TFTP?.......................................................157

Can the Prestige support TFTP over WAN? ..............................................157

How fast can the data go?..........................................................................157

What is Multi-NAT? ..................................................................................158

When do I need Multi-NAT? .....................................................................158

What IP/Port mapping does Multi-NAT support? .....................................159

What is the difference between SUA and Multi-NAT? .............................160

What is BOOTP/DHCP?............................................................................160

What is DDNS?..........................................................................................161

When do I need DDNS service?................................................................161

What DDNS servers does the Prestige support?........................................161

What is DDNS wildcard?...........................................................................161

Does the Prestige support DDNS wildcard?..............................................161

Can the Prestige SUA handle IPsec packets sent by the VPN gateway

behind Prestige?.........................................................................................162

How do I setup my Prestige for routing IPsec packets over SUA?...........162

PSTN Lifeline FAQ ...........................................................................................162

What is P2602 and what is the difference between P2602HW and

P2602HWL? ..............................................................................................162

What does Lifeline mean? .........................................................................162

Do I need Lifeline? ....................................................................................162

Can I connect more than one phone on the phone port?............................163

Can I receive incoming PSTN call through P2602HWL- 6xC?................163

Can I make an outgoing PSTN call through P2602HWL – 6xC? .............163

VoIP FAQ...........................................................................................................163

What is Voice over IP?..............................................................................163

How does Voice over IP work?.................................................................163

Why use VoIP?..........................................................................................163

What is the relationship between codec and VoIP?...................................164

What advantage does Voice over IP can provide?.....................................164

What is the difference between H.323 and SIP?........................................164

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Can H.323 and SIP interoperate with one another?...................................164

What is voice quality?................................................................................164

How are voice quality normally rated?......................................................164

What is codec?...........................................................................................165

What is the relation of codec and VoIP? ...................................................165

What codec does Prestige support?............................................................165

Which codec should I choose?...................................................................165

What do I need in order to use SIP? ..........................................................165

Unable to register with the SIP server?......................................................166

I can register but can not establish a call?..................................................166

I can make a call but the voice only goes one way not bothway?.............166

I can receive a call but the voice only goes one way not bothway?..........166

If all the about have been tried, but register still fail what should I do?....167

I suspect there is a hardware problem with my Prestige what should I do?167

Firewall FAQ .....................................................................................................167

What is a network firewall?.......................................................................167

What makes Prestige firewall secure? .......................................................167

What are the basic types of firewalls? .......................................................168

What kind of firewall is the Prestige?........................................................168

Why do you need a firewall when your router has packet filtering and

NAT built-in?.............................................................................................169

What is Denials of Service (DoS)attack?...................................................169

What is Ping of Death attack?....................................................................169

What is Teardrop attack?...........................................................................169

What is SYN Flood attack?........................................................................169

What is LAND attack?...............................................................................170

What is Brute-force attack? .......................................................................170

What is IP Spoofing attack?.......................................................................170

What are the default ACL firewall rules in Prestige?................................170

How can I protect against IP spoofing attacks?.........................................171

Content Filter FAQ ............................................................................................172

IPSec FAQ .........................................................................................................172

What is VPN? ............................................................................................172

Why do I need VPN?.................................................................................173

What are most common VPN protocols?...................................................173

What is PPTP? ...........................................................................................173

What is L2TP? ...........................................................................................174

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

What is IPSec?...........................................................................................174

What secure protocols does IPSec support? ..............................................174

What are the differences between 'Transport mode' and 'Tunnel mode?...174

What is SA? ...............................................................................................175

What is IKE?..............................................................................................175

What is Pre-Shared Key?...........................................................................175

What are the differences between IKE and manual key VPN? .................175

What is Phase 1 ID for?.............................................................................175

What are Local ID and Peer ID?................................................................176

When should I use FQDN?........................................................................176

Is my Prestige ready for IPSec VPN?........................................................176

How do I configure Prestige VPN? ...........................................................177

How many VPN connections does Prestige support?................................177

What VPN protocols are supported by Prestige?.......................................177

What types of encryption does Prestige VPN support?.............................177

What types of authentication does Prestige VPN support? .......................177

I am planning my Prestige-to-Prestige VPN configuration. What do I need

to know?.....................................................................................................177

Does Prestige support dynamic secure gateway IP?..................................178

What VPN gateway that has been tested with Prestige successfully?.......178

What VPN software that has been tested with Prestige successfully?.......179

Will ZyXEL support Secure Remote Management?..................................179

Does Prestige VPN support NetBIOS broadcast? .....................................179

Is the host behind NAT allowed to use IPSec? ..........................................179

Why does VPN throughput decrease when staying in SMT menu 24.1?..179

Where can I configure Phase 1 ID in Prestige? .........................................180

If I have NAT router between two VPN gateways, and I would like to use

IP type as Phase 1 ID, what should I know?..............................................180

How can I keep a tunnel alive?..................................................................181

Single, Range, Subnet, which types of IP address do Prestige

10/10II/10W/50/100 support in VPN/IPSec? ............................................181

Can Prestige support IPSec passthrough?..................................................181

Can Prestige behave as a NAT router supporting IPSec passthrough and an

IPSec gateway simultaneously?.................................................................182

Wireless FAQ.....................................................................................................182

What is a Wireless LAN ? .........................................................................182

What are the advantages of Wireless LANs ? ...........................................182

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

What are the disadvantages of Wireless LANs ?.......................................183

Where can you find wireless 802.11 networks ? .......................................183

What is an Access Point ?..........................................................................183

What is IEEE 802.11 ?...............................................................................184

What is 802.11b ? ......................................................................................184

How fast is 802.11b ?.................................................................................184

What is 802.11a ?.......................................................................................184

What is 802.11g ? ......................................................................................184

Is it possible to use products from a variety of vendors ?..........................185

What is Wi-Fi ?..........................................................................................185

What types of devices use the 2.4GHz Band ?..........................................185

Does the 802.11 interfere with Bluetooth devices ?..................................185

Can radio signals pass through walls ?......................................................185

What are potential factors that may causes interference among WLAN

products ?...................................................................................................186

What's the difference between a WLAN and a WWAN ?.........................186

What is Ad Hoc mode ?.............................................................................186

What is Infrastructure mode ?....................................................................186

How many Access Points are required in a given area ?...........................187

What is Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum Technology – (DSSS) ?........187

What is Frequency-hopping Spread Spectrum Technology – (FHSS) ? ...187

Do I need the same kind of antenna on both sides of a link ?....................187

Why the 2.4 Ghz Frequency range ?..........................................................187

What is Server Set ID (SSID) ? .................................................................187

What is an ESSID ?....................................................................................188

How do I secure the data across an Access Point's radio link ?.................188

What is WEP ?...........................................................................................188

What is the difference between 40-bit and 64-bit WEP ?.......................188

What is a WEP key ? ..............................................................................188

A WEP key is a user defined string of characters used to encrypt and

decrypt data ?.............................................................................................189

Can the SSID be encrypted ? ..................................................................189

By turning off the broadcast of SSID, can someone still sniff the SSID ?189

What are Insertion Attacks ?......................................................................189

What is Wireless Sniffer ? .........................................................................189

What is the difference between Open System and Shared Key of

Authentication Type ?................................................................................189

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

What is 802.1x ? ........................................................................................190

What is the difference between No authentication required, No access

allowed and Authentication required ?......................................................190

What is AAA ?...........................................................................................190

What is RADIUS ?.....................................................................................190

What is WPA ?...........................................................................................191

What is WPA-PSK?...................................................................................191

Trouble Shooting.......................................................................................191

Using Embedded Packet Trace ..........................................................................191

Debug PPPoE Connection .................................................................................206

CLI Command List.....................................................................................218

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Application Notes

General Application Notes

Internet Connection

A typical Internet access application of the Prestige is shown below. For a small office, there are some components needs to be checked before accessing the Internet.

• Before you begin

• Setting up the Windows

• Setting up the Prestige router

• Troubleshooting

• Before you begin

The Prestige is shipped with the following factory default:

1. IP address = 192.168.1.1, subnet mask = 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)

2. DHCP server enabled with IP pool starting from 192.168.1.33

3. Default SMT menu password = 1234

• Setting up the PC (Windows OS)

1. Ethernet connection

All PCs must have an Ethernet adapter card installed.

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

• If you only have one PC, connect the PC's Ethernet adapter to the Prestige's LAN port with a

crossover (red one) Ethernet cable.

• If you have more than one PC, both the PC's Ethernet adapters and the Prestige's LAN port must

be connected to an external hub with straight Ethernet cable.

2. TCP/IP Installation

You must first install TCP/IP software on each PC before you can use it for Internet access. If you have already installed TCP/IP, go to the next section to configure it; otherwise, follow these steps to install:

• In the Control Panel/Network window, click Add button.

• In the Select Network Component Type windows, select Protocol and click Add.

• In the Select Network Protocol windows, select Microsoft from the manufacturers, then select

TCP/IP from the Network Protocols and click OK.

3. TCP/IP Configuration

Follow these steps to configure Windows TCP/IP:

• In the Control Panel/Network window, click the TCP/IP entry to select it and click Properties

button.

• In the TCP/IP Properties window, select obtain an IP address automatically.

Note: Do not assign arbitrary IP address and subnet mask to your PCs, otherwise, you will not be able to access the Internet.

• Click the WINS configuration tab and select Disable WINS Resolution.

• Click the Gateway tab. Highlight any installed gateways and click the Remove button until there

are none listed.

• Click the DNS Configuration tab and select Disable DNS.

• Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP properties window

• Click OK to close the Network window. You will be prompted to insert your Windows CD or disk.

When the drivers are updated, you will be asked if you want to restart the PC. Make sure your Prestige is powered on before answering Yes to the prompt. Repeat the above steps for each Windows PC on your network.

• Setting up the Prestige router

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

The following procedure is for the most typical usage of the Prestige where you have a single-user account (SUA). The Prestige supports embedded web server that allows you to use Web browser to configure it. Before configuring the router using Browser please be sure there is no Telnet or Console login.

1. Retrieve Prestige Web

Please enter the LAN IP address of the Prestige router in the URL location to retrieve the web screen from the Prestige. The default LAN IP of the Prestige is 192.168.1.1. See the example below. Note that you can either use http://192.168.1.1

2. Login first

The default password is the default SMT password, '1234'.

3. Configure Prestige for Internet access by using WIZARD SETUP

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

The Web screen shown below takes PPPoE as the example.

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Setup the Prestige as a DHCP Relay

• What is DHCP Relay?

DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. In addition to the DHCP server feature, the P2602 supports the DHCP relay function. When it is configured as DHCP server, it assigns the IP addresses to the

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

LAN clients. When it is configured as DHCP relay, it is reponsable for forwarding the requests and responses negotiating between the DHCP clients and the server. See figure 1.

• Setup the Prestige as a DHCP Client

1. Toggle the DHCP to Relay in menu 3.2 and enter the IP address of the DHCP server in the 'Relay Server Address' field.

Menu 3.2 - TCP/IP and DHCP Setup

DHCP Setup

DHCP= Relay

Client IP Pool Starting Address= N/A

Size of Client IP Pool= N/A

Primary DNS Server= N/A

Secondary DNS Server= N/A

Remote DHCP Server= 192.168.1.2

TCP/IP Setup:

IP Address= 192.168.1.1

IP Subnet Mask= 255.255.255.0

RIP Direction= None

Version= N/A

Multicast= None

IP Policies=

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Edit IP Alias= No

Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:

Configure an Internal Server Behind SUA

• Introduction

If you wish, you can make internal servers (e.g., Web, ftp or mail server) accessible for outside users, even though SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside world. A service is identified by the port number. Also, since you need to specify the IP address of a server in the Prestige, a server must have a fixed IP address and not be a DHCP client whose IP address potentially changes each time it is powered on.

In addition to the servers for specific services, SUA supports a default server. A service request that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the default server is not defined, the service request is simply discarded.

• Configuration

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

To make a server visible to the outside world, specify the port number of the service and the inside address of the server in 'Menu 15.2.1', Multiple Server Configuration. The outside users can access the local server using the Prestige's

• For example (Configuring an internal Web server for outside access) :

WAN IP

address which can be obtained from menu 24.1.

Menu 15.2 - NAT Server Setup

Rule Start Port No. End Port No. IP Address

---------------------------------------------------

1. Default Default 0.0.0.0

2. 80 80 192.168.1.10

3. 0 0 0.0.0.0

4. 0 0 0.0.0.0

5. 0 0 0.0.0.0

6. 0 0 0.0.0.0

7. 0 0 0.0.0.0

8. 0 0 0.0.0.0

9. 0 0 0.0.0.0

10. 0 0 0.0.0.0

11. 0 0 0.0.0.0

12. 0 0 0.0.0.0

Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:

• Port numbers for some services

Service Port Number

FTP 21

Telnet 23

SMTP 25

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

DNS (Domain Name Server) 53

www-http (Web) 80

Configure a PPTP server Behind SUA

• Introduction

PPTP is a tunneling protocol defined by the PPTP forum that allows PPP packets to be encapsulated within Internet Protocol (IP) packets and forwarded over any IP network, including the Internet itself.

In order to run the Windows 9x PPTP client, you must be able to establish an IP connection with a tunnel server such as the Windows NT Server 4.0 Remote Access Server.

Windows Dial-Up Networking uses the Internet standard Point-to-Point (PPP) to provide a secure,optimized multiple-protocol network connection over dial-up telephone lines. All data sent over this connection can be encrypted and compressed, and multiple network level protocols (TCP/IP, NetBEUI and IPX) can be run correctly. Windows NT Domain Login level security is preserved even across the Internet.

Window98 PPTP Client / Internet / NT RAS Server Protocol Stack

PPTP appears as new modem type (Virtual Private Networking Adapter) that can be selected when setting up a connection in the Dial-Up Networking folder. The VPN Adapter type does not appear elsewhere in the system.

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Since PPTP encapsulates its data stream in the PPP protocol, the VPN requires a second dial-up adapter. This second dial-up adapter for VPN is added during the installation phase of the Upgrade in addition to the first dial-up adapter that provides PPP support for the analog or ISDN modem.

The PPTP is supported in Windows NT and Windows 98 already. For Windows 95, it needs to be upgraded by the Dial-Up Networking 1.2 upgrade.

• Configuration

This application note explains how to establish a PPTP connection with a remote private network in the Prestige SUA case. In ZyNOS, all PPTP packets can be forwarded to the internal PPTP Server (WinNT server) behind SUA. The port number of the PPTP has to be entered in the SMT Menu 15 for Prestige to forward to the appropriate private IP address of Windows NT server.

• Example

The following example shows how to dial to an ISP via the Prestige and then establish a tunnel to a private network. There will be three items that you need to set up for PPTP application, these are PPTP server (WinNT), PPTP client (Win9x) and the Prestige.

o PPTP server setup (WinNT)

 Add the VPN service from Control Panel>Network  Add an user account for PPTP logged on user  Enable RAS port  Select the network protocols from RAS such as IPX, TCP/IP NetBEUI  Set the Internet gateway to Prestige

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

o PPTP client setup (Win9x)

 Add one VPN connection from Dial-Up Networking by entering the correct

username & password and the IP address of the Prestige's Internet IP address for logging to NT RAS server.

 Set the Internet gateway to the router that is connecting to ISP

o Prestige router setup

• Before making a VPN connection from Win9x to WinNT server, you need to connect Prestige

router to your ISP first.

• Enter the IP address of the PPTP server (WinNT server) and the port number for PPTP as shown

below.

Menu 15.2 - NAT Server Setup (Used for SUA Only)

Rule Start Port No. End Port No. IP Address

---------------------------------------------------

1. Default Default 0.0.0.0

2. 1723 1723 192.168.1.10

3. 0 0 0.0.0.0

4. 0 0 0.0.0.0

5. 0 0 0.0.0.0

6. 0 0 0.0.0.0

7. 0 0 0.0.0.0

8. 0 0 0.0.0.0

9. 0 0 0.0.0.0

10. 0 0 0.0.0.0

11. 0 0 0.0.0.0

12. 0 0 0.0.0.0

Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:

When you have finished the above settings, you can ping to the remote Win9x client from WinNT. This ping command is used to demonstrate that remote the Win9x can be reached across the

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Internet. If the Internet connection between two LANs is achieve, you can place a VPN call from the remote Win9x client.

For example:

C:\ping 203.66.113.2

When a dial-up connection to ISP is established, a default gateway is assigned to the router traffic through that connection. Therefore, the output below shows the default gateway of the Win9x client after the dial-up connection has been established.

Before making a VPN connection from the Win9x client to the NT server, you need to know the exact Internet IP address that the ISP assigns to Prestige router in SUA mode and enter this IP address in the VPN dial-up dialog box. You can check this Internet IP address from PNC Monitor or SMT Menu

24.1. If the Internet IP address is a fixed IP address provided by ISP in SUA mode, then you can always use this IP address for reaching the VPN server.

In the following example, the IP address '140.113.1.225' is dynamically assigned by ISP. You must enter this IP address in the 'VPN Server' dialog box for reaching the PPTP server. After the VPN link is established, you can start the network protocol application such as IP, IPX and NetBEUI.

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Using NAT / Multi-NAT

• What is Multi-NAT?

NAT (Network Address Translation-NAT RFC 1631) is the translation of an Internet Protocol address used within one network to a different IP address known within another network. One network is designated the

inside

network and the other is the or more global outside IP addresses and "unmaps" the global IP addresses on incoming packets back into local IP addresses. The IP addresses for the NAT can be either fixed or dynamically assigned by the ISP. In addition,

outside

. Typically, a company maps its local inside network addresses to one

you can designate servers, e.g., a web server and a telnet server, on your local network and make them accessible to the outside world. If you do not define any servers, NAT offers the additional benefit of firewall protection. In such case, all incoming connections to your network will be filtered out by the Prestige, thus preventing intruders from probing your network.

The SUA feature that the Prestige supports previously operates by mapping the private IP addresses to a global IP address. It is only one subset of the NAT. The Prestige with ZyNOS V3.40 supports the most of the features of the NAT based on RFC 1631, and we call this feature as 'Multi-NAT'. For more information on IP address translation, please refer to RFC 1631,

• How NAT works

The IP Network Address Translator (NAT)

If we define the local IP addresses as the Internal Local Addresses (ILA) and the global IP addresses as the Inside Global Address (IGA), see the following figure. The term 'inside' refers to the set of networks that are subject to translation. NAT operates by mapping the ILA to the IGA required for communication with hosts on other networks. It replaces the original IP source address (and TCP or UDP source port numbers) and then forwards each packet to the Internet ISP, thus making them appear as if they had come from the NAT system itself (e.g., the Prestige router). The Prestige keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers so incoming reply packets can have their original values restored.

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

1. NAT Mapping Types

NAT supports five types of IP/port mapping. They are:

2. One to One

In One-to-One mode, the Prestige maps one ILA to one IGA.

3. Many to One

In Many-to-One mode, the Prestige maps multiple ILA to one IGA. This is equivalent to SUA (i.e., PAT, port address translation), ZyXEL's Single User Account feature that previous ZyNOS routers supported (the SUA only option in today's routers).

4. Many to Many Overload

In Many-to-Many Overload mode, the Prestige maps the multiple ILA to shared IGA.

5. Many to Many No Overload

In Many-to-Many No Overload mode, the Prestige maps each ILA to unique IGA.

• Server

In Server mode, the Prestige maps multiple inside servers to one global IP address. This allows us to specify multiple servers of different types behind the NAT for outside access. Note, if you want to map each server to one unique IGA please use the One-to-One mode.

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

The following table summarizes these types.

NA T Type IP Mapping

Mapping Direction

One-to-One ILA1<--->IGA1 Both

ILA1---->IGA1

Many-to-One (SUA/PAT)

ILA2---->IGA1

Outgoing

... ILA1---->IGA1

ILA2---->IGA2

Many-to-Many Overload

ILA3---->IGA1

Outgoing ILA4---->IGA2 ...

ILA1---->IGA1

Many-to-Many No Overload

(Allocate by Connections)

ILA2---->IGA3 ILA3---->IGA2 ILA4---->IGA4

Outgoing

...

Server

Incoming Server 2 IP<----IGA1

Server 1 IP<----IGA1

• SUA Versus NAT

SUA (Single User Account) in previous ZyNOS versions is a NAT set with 2 rules, Many-to-One and Server. The Prestige now has Full Feature NAT support to map global IP addresses to local IP addresses of clients or servers. With multiple global IP addresses, multiple severs of the same type (e.g., FTP servers) are allowed on the LAN for outside access. In previous ZyNOS versions (that supported SUA 'visible' servers had to be of different types. The Prestige supports NAT sets on a remote node basis. They are reusable, but only one set is allowed for each remote node. The Prestige 2602HWL supports 8 sets since there are 8 remote node. The default SUA (Read Only) Set in menu 15.1 is a convenient, pre-configured, read only, Many-to-One mapping set, sufficient for most purposes and helpful to people already familiar with SUA in previous ZyNOS versions.

• SMT Menus

1. Applying NAT in the SMT Menus

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

You apply NAT via menus 4 and 11.3 as displayed next. The next figure how you apply NAT for Internet access in menu 4. Enter 4 from the Main Menu to go to Menu 4-Internet Access Setup.

Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup

ISP's Name= MyISP

Encapsulation= PPPoE

Multiplexing= LLC-based

VPI #= 0

VCI #= 33

ATM QoS Type= UBR

Peak Cell Rate (PCR)= 0

Sustain Cell Rate (SCR)= 0

Maximum Burst Size (MBS)= 0

My Login= cso@zyxel

My Password= ********

Idle Timeout (sec)= 0

IP Address Assignment= Dynamic

IP Address= N/A

Network Address Translation= Full Feature

Address Mapping Set= 1

Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:

The following table describes the options for Network Address Translation.

Field Options Description

When you select this option the SMT will use Address

Network Address Translation

Full Feature

None

SUA Only

Mapping Set 1 (Menu 15.1-see later for further discussion).

NAT is disabled when you select this option. When you select this option the SMT will use Address

Mapping Set 255 (Menu 15.1-see later for further discussion). This option use basically Many-to-One

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Overload mapping. Select Full Feature when you require other mapping types. It is a convenient, pre-configured, read only, Many-to-One mapping set, sufficient for most purposes and helpful to people already familiar with SUA in previous ZyNOS versions. Note that there is also a Server type whose IGA is 0.0.0.0 in this set.

Table: Applying NAT in Menu 4 and Menu 11.3

2. Configuring NAT

To configure NAT, enter 15 from the Main Menu to bring up the following screen.

Menu 15 - NAT Setup

1. Address Mapping Sets

2. NAT Server Sets

3. Address Mapping Sets and NAT Server Sets

Use the Address Mapping Sets menus and submenus to create the mapping table used to assign global addresses to LAN clients. Each remote node must specify which NAT Address Mapping Set to use. The P2602HWL has 8 remote nodes and so allows you to configure 8 NAT Address Mapping Set. You can see nine NAT Address Mapping sets in Menu 15.1. You can only configure from Set 1 to Set 8. Set 255 is used for SUA. When you select Full Feature in menu 4 or 11.3. When you select SUA Only, the SMT will use Set 15.2.

The NAT Server Set is a list of LAN side servers mapped to external ports. To use this set (one set for the Prestige), a server rule must be set up inside the NAT Address Mapping set. Please see NAT Server Sets

for

further information on these menus.

Enter 1 to bring up Menu 15.1-Address Mapping Sets

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Menu 15.1 - Address Mapping Sets

255. SUA (read only)

Enter Set Number to Edit:

Let's first look at Option 255. Option 255 is equivalent to SUA in previous ZyXEL routers. The fields in this menu cannot be changed. Entering 255 brings up this screen.

Menu 15.1.1 - Address Mapping Rules

Set Name= SUA

Idx Local Start IP Local End IP Global Start IP Global End IP Type

--- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ------

1. 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 M-1

2. 0.0.0.0 Server

10.

Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

The following table explains the fields in this screen. Please note that the fields in this menu are read-only.

Field Description Option/Example

Set Name

SUA

the name of a new set you want to create.

Idx This is the index or rule number. 1

0.0.0.0 for the

Local Start IP This is the starting local IP address (ILA).

Many-to-One type.

This is the starting local IP address (ILA). If the rule is for all

This is the name of the set you selected in Menu 15.1 or enter

Local End IP

local IPs, then the Start IP is 0.0.0.0 and the End IP is

255.255.255.255

255.255.255.255.

Global Start

This is the starting global IP address (IGA). If you have a

0.0.0.0

dynamic IP, enter 0.0.0.0 as the Global Start IP. Global End IP This is the ending global IP address (IGA). N/A Type This is the NAT mapping types. Many-to-One and Server

Please note that the fields in this menu are read-only. However, the settings of the server set 1 can be modified in menu 15.1.1.

Now let's look at Option 1 in Menu 15.1.1 Enter 1 to bring up this menu.

Menu 15.1.1 - Address Mapping Rules

Set Name= ?

Idx Local Start IP Local End IP Global Start IP Global End IP Type

--- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ------

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

10.

Action= Edit , Select Rule= 0

Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:

We will just look at the differences from the previous menu. Note that, this screen is not read only, so we have extra Action and Select Rule fields. Not also that the [?] in the Set Name field means that this is a required field and you must enter a name for the set. The description of the other fields is as described above. The Type, Local and Global Start/End IPs are configured in Menu 15.1.1 (described later) and the values are displayed here.

Field Description Option

Set Name

Rule1

that if this field is left blank, the entire set will be deleted.

They are 4 actions. The default is Edit. Edit means you want to edit a selected rule (see following field). Insert Before means to insert a new

Edit

rule before the rule selected. The rule after the selected rule will then be

Insert Before

Enter a name for this set of rules. This is a required field. Please note

Action

moved down by one rule. Delete means to delete the selected rule and

Delete

then all the rules after the selected one will be advanced one rule. Save

Save Set

Set means to save the whole set (note when you choose this action the Select Rule item will be disabled).

When you choose Edit, Insert Before or Save Set in the previous field

Select Rule

the cursor jumps to this field to allow you to select the rule to apply the

action in question.

Note: Save Set in the Action field means to save the whole set. You must do this if you make any changes to the set-including deleting a rule. No changes to the set take place until this action is taken. Be careful when ordering your rules as each rule is executed in turn beginning from the first rule.

Selecting Edit in the Action field and then selecting a rule brings up the following menu, Menu

15.1.1.1-Address Mapping Rule in which you can edit an individual rule and configure the Type, Local and Global Start/End IPs displayed in Menu 15.1.1.

Menu 15.1.1.1 - - Rule 1

Type: One-to-One

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

Local IP:

Start= 0.0.0.0

End = N/A

Global IP:

Start= 0.0.0.0

End = N/A

Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Field Description Option/Example

One-to-One Many-to-One

Press [SPACEBAR] to toggle through a total of 5 types. These

Many-to-Many Overload

Type

are the mapping types discussed above plus a server type. Some

Many-to-Many No

examples follow to clarify these a little more.

Overload Server

Start This is the starting local IP address (ILA) 0.0.0.0 Local IP

End

This is the ending local IP address (ILA). If the rule is for all local IPs, then put the Start IP as 0.0.0.0 and the End IP as

255.255.255.255

255.255.255.255. This field is N/A for One-to-One type.

This is the starting global IP address (IGA). If you have a Global IP

Start

dynamic IP, enter 0.0.0.0 as the Global Start IP.

This is the ending global IP address (IGA). This field is N/A for

End

0.0.0.0

200.1.1.64

One-to-One, Many-to-One and Server types.

Note: For all Local and Global IPs, the End IP address must begin after the IP Start address, i.e., you cannot have an End IP address beginning before the Start IP address.

• NAT Server Sets

P-2602HWL-DxA Support Notes

The NAT Server Set is a list of LAN side servers mapped to external ports (similar to the old SUA menu of before). If you wish, you can make inside servers for different services, e.g., Web or FTP, visible to the outside users, even though NAT makes your network appears as a single machine to the outside world. A server is identified by the port number, e.g., Web service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21.

As an example (see the following figure), if you have a Web server at 192.168.1.36 and a FTP server at

192.168.1.33, then you need to specify for port 80 (Web) the server at IP address 192.168.1.36 and for port 21 (FTP) another at IP address 192.168.1.33.

Please note that a server can support more than one service, e.g., a server can provide both FTP and Mail service, while another provides only Web service.

The following procedures show how to configure a server behind NAT.

Step 1. Enter 15 in the Main Menu to go to Menu 15-NAT Setup. Step 2. Enter 2 to go to Menu 15.2.1-NAT Server Setup. Step 3. Enter the service port number in the Port# field and the inside IP address of the server in the IP Address field. Step 4. Press [SPACEBAR] at the 'Press ENTER to confirm...' prompt to save your configuration after you define all the servers or press ESC at any time to cancel.

Menu 15.2 - NAT Server Setup (Used for SUA Only)

Rule Start Port No. End Port No. IP Address

---------------------------------------------------

1. Default Default 0.0.0.0

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