Zte ZXC10 CBTS Technical Manual
ZXC10 CBTS
cdma2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station
Technical Manual
Version 1.0
ZTE CORPORATION
ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South,
Hi-Tech Industrial Park,
Nanshan District, Shenzhen,
P. R. China
518057
Tel: (86) 755 26771900 800-9830-9830
Fax: (86) 755 26772236
URL: http://support.zte.com.cn
E-mail: doc@zte.com.cn
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Revision History
Date Revision No. Serial No. Description
2005/05/01 R1.0 Sjzl20051666
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Document
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0) cdma2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station Technical Manual
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V1.0
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Revision Number
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Equipment Installation Date 20050501
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FCC & IC STATEMENT
Before using this product, read this important RF energy awareness and
control information and operational instructions to ensure compliance with
the FCC and IC RF exposure guidelines.
NOTICE: Working with the equipment while in operation, may expose the
technician to RF electromagnetic fields that exceed FCC rules for human
exposure. Visit the FCC website at www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety
to learn more
about the effects of exposure to RF electromagnetic fields.
Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance will void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment. Any change to the equipment will void FCC and IC grant.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to the FCC and IC Rules. This equipment
generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation.
For OUTDOOR use, a PNALE Antenna with a maximum gain of 17dBi is
authorized for use with this unit. Outside antennas must be positioned to
observe minimum separation of 3.0M (9.84 feet.) for 800MHz unit and
2.5M (8.2 feet.) for 1900MHz unit from all users and bystanders. For the
protection of personnel working in the vicinity of outside (uplink) antennas,
the following guidelines for minimum distances between the human body
and the antenna must be observed.
The installation of an OUTDOOR antenna must be such that, under normal
conditions, all personnel cannot come within 3.0M (9.84 feet.)for 800MHz
unit and 2.5M (8.2 feet.) for 1900MHz unit from the outside antenna.
Exceeding this minimum separation will ensure that the worker or
bystander does not receive RF-exposure beyond the Maximum Permissible
Exposure according to section 1.1310 i.e. limits for Controlled Exposure.
This page is intentionally blank.
Contents
About this Manual .....................................................................................xi
Purpose of This Manual .......................................................................................... xi
How to Use This Manual ......................................................................................... xi
Typographical Conventions.....................................................................................xii
How to Get in Touch ..............................................................................................xii
Customer Support ..................................................................................................................xii
Documentation Support ..........................................................................................................xii
Chapter 1................................................................................... 13
System Overview .................................................................................... 13
Position of BTS in the CDMA System ...................................................................... 14
System Features .................................................................................................. 16
Multiple Frequency Bands Supported ...................................................................................... 16
Large Capacity ......................................................................................................................16
Compactness ........................................................................................................................16
Technological Advantages ...................................................................................................... 16
High Reliability ...................................................................................................................... 17
Flexible Networking ............................................................................................................... 17
Smooth Expansion and Upgrade ............................................................................................ 17
Easy Operation and Maintenance ........................................................................................... 18
Functions ............................................................................................................. 19
International Standards Followed by BTS................................................................ 20
Chapter 2................................................................................... 22
BTS Hardware.......................................................................................... 22
Hardware Structure .............................................................................................. 23
BTS Physical Structure ........................................................................................................... 23
Logical Structure ...................................................................................................................24
List of All BTS Boards.............................................................................................................25
BDS .................................................................................................................... 26
BDS Schematic Diagram........................................................................................................ 26
BDS Working Principle ...........................................................................................................27
Technological Advantages of BDS........................................................................................... 27
BDS Hardware Configuration ................................................................................................. 28
RFS ..................................................................................................................... 30
RFS Schematic Diagram ........................................................................................................31
RFS Working Principle............................................................................................................31
Technological Advantages of RFS ...........................................................................................32
Hardware Configuration .........................................................................................................33
PWS .................................................................................................................... 34
PWS Schematic Diagram .......................................................................................................34
PWS Working Principle ...........................................................................................................35
Hardware Configuration .........................................................................................................35
Chapter 3................................................................................... 36
BTS Software ........................................................................................... 36
BTS Software Overview......................................................................................... 37
CCM Software ...................................................................................................... 39
CHM0 Software .................................................................................................... 40
CHM1 Software .................................................................................................... 41
RMM Software ...................................................................................................... 42
TRX Software ....................................................................................................... 43
Chapter 4................................................................................... 44
BTS Networking and Configuration ........................................................ 44
Networking through Abis Interface ......................................................................... 45
BTS Networking.................................................................................................... 47
LS Mode ...............................................................................................................................48
RS Mode ...............................................................................................................................49
LEA Mode.............................................................................................................................. 49
LEB Mode.............................................................................................................................. 51
RE Mode ............................................................................................................................... 52
ME Mode...............................................................................................................................53
BTS Configuration................................................................................................. 53
BDS Configuration .................................................................................................................53
RFS Configuration .................................................................................................................54
PWS Configuration ................................................................................................................54
Chapter 5................................................................................... 55
Technical Indices..................................................................................... 55
Environment Indices ............................................................................................. 56
Performance Indices .............................................................................................58
Reliability ..............................................................................................................................58
Interface ............................................................................................................................... 58
Capacity................................................................................................................................ 58
Frequency Band ....................................................................................................................58
Specs of Bands 800 MHz, 450 MHz and 850 MHz .................................................................... 58
Specs of 1.9 GHz and 2.1GHz ................................................................................................61
Clock ....................................................................................................................................62
Noise ....................................................................................................................................63
Appendix A................................................................................ 65
Abbreviations .......................................................................................... 65
Figures.......................................................................................... 71
Tables ........................................................................................... 73
This page is intentionally blank.
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION xi
About this Manual
Purpose of This Manual
Current radio mobile networks include CDMA and GSM systems, both are
on the way to evolving into 3G radio mobile networks. The purpose of this
book is to provide a clear understanding of the technology adopted in 3rdgeneraton (3G) networks and build a systematic understanding of the
working principles, performance indices, hardware structure and system
configuration of ZTE 3G cdma2000 compact-model base station
transceiver. This book is intended to help readers make better use of other
relevant product literature and lay the foundation for system operation
and maintenance.
The all-IP base station mentioned in this manual refers to the base station
of cdma2000 system.
In this book, ZXC10 CBTS is briefed as BTS, ZXC10 BSCB, as BSC and
ZXC10 BSSB, as BSS.
How to Use This Manual
This manual consists of five chapters:
Chapter 1 System Overview
It describes the position and functions of the BTS in the CDMA system and
presents the standards followed by ZXC-BTS.
Chapter 2 Hardware
It describes the overall hardware structure and module functions of the
BTS.
Chapter 3 Software
It describes the software structure and function modules of the software in
BTS.
Chapter 4 Networking and Configuration
It describes the connection, networking modes and configurations of BTS.
ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
xii Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
Chapter 5 Technical Indices
It describes briefly the performance indices of BTS.
Appendix A Abbreviations
It lists the abbreviations used in this manual and other common ones
concerning CDMA topics.
Typographical Conventions
ZTE documents employ with the following typographical conventions.
T YPOGRAPHICAL CONVENTIONS
How to Get in Touch
The following sections provide information on how to obtain support for
the documentation and the software.
Customer Support
If you have problems, questions, comments, or suggestions regarding
your product, contact us by e-mail at support@zte.com.cn. You can also
call our customer support center at (86) 755 26771900 and (86) 8009830-9830.
Documentation Support
ZTE welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality and
usefulness of this document. For further questions, comments, or
suggestions on the documentation, you can contact us by e-mail at
doc@zte.com.cn; or you can fax your comments and suggestions to (86)
755 26772236. You can also explore our website at
http://support.zte.com.cn, which contains various interesting subjects like
documentation, knowledge base, forum and service request.
Typeface Meaning
Italics
References to other guides and documents.
Note: Provides additional information about a certain topic.
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 13
Chapter 1
System Overview
In this chapter, you will learn about:
Position of BTS in the CDMA system
Architecture, functions and features of BTS
Standards followed by BTS
ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
14 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
Position of BTS in the CDMA
System
The Base Transceiver Station (BTS) connects a Mobile Station (MS) to the
mobile network in a mobile communications system through its radio
interface functionalities. It best reflects the radio transmission features in
a CDMA system.
BTSB (all-IP BTS), developed by ZTE Corporation, is an IP-based new
generation BTS that is designed to fill in the varying needs of our
customers. It features large capacity, abundant transmission modes and
high adaptability.
An all-IP network is made up of three parts: MS (Mobile Station), RAN
(Radio Access Network) and CN (Core Network).
MS: A mobile phone, mobile station or mobile terminal;
RAN: Located between MS and CN and connects these two parts. It
processes radio signals and consists of two parts: BSCB/PCF/IWF
(combined as BSCB) and BTS;
CN: Provides authentication at the network side and interfaces with a
public network.
As a member of the BTSB family, ZXC10 CBTS is special for its compact
structure, in addition to other advantages such as large capacity and high
integration level.
The position of BTS in Base Station Subsystem (BSS) is shown in Fig. 1.
F IG. 1 P OSITION OF BTS IN BSS
PSTN
Um
Abis
BSC
MSC
PDSN
SS7
network
BTS
MS
95 MS
1X MS
1X DO
MS RAN
CN
IP
network
MS
MS
BTS
A
interface
Chapter 1 - System Overview
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 15
As seen from the diagram, BTS is located between mobile stations (MSs)
and the Base Station Controller (BSC). It encodes, decodes, modulates
and demodulates CDMA signals, performs up-conversion and downconversion for subscriber data, amplifies RF power, and transmits /
receives radio signals.
ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
16 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
System Features
Multiple Frequency Bands Supported
BTS supports frequency bands of 450 MHz, 800 MHz, 850 MHz, 1900 MHz
and 2100 MHz, as shown in Table 1.
T ABLE 1 F REQUENCY BANDS S UPPORTED BY BTS
Serial
No.
Frequency Band
Upper Frequency
Limit (MHz)
Lower Frequency
Limit (MHz)
1 800 MHz (Band Class 0) 824~849 869~894
2 1900 MHz (Band Class 1) 1850~1910 1930~1990
3 450 MHz (Band Class 5) 450~457.5 460~467.5
4 2100 MHz (Band Class 6) 1920~1980 2110~2170
5 850 MHz (Band Class 10) 806~821 851~866
Large Capacity
The LRFS (Local RFS) in one cabinet supports up to 12 carrier sectors
and another 12 carrier sectors by connecting an RRFS (Remote RFS).
Two combined BTS cabinets support up to 8-carrier 3-sector or 4-
carrier 6-sector configuration, and another 8-carrier 3-sector or 4carrier 6-sector configuration by connecting an RRFS.
One BDS supports at least 4-carrier 3-sector configuration (CE
resource of 4-carrier 3-sector for EV-DO, and 8-carrier 3-sector or 4carrier 6-sector for 1X).
The large capacity advantage of BTS allows for less BTS needed for
traffic-hot areas, and in turn saves investment in transmission device,
equipment room, power supply and telecom towers.
Compactness
The compact BTS, as its name implies, is small in size and one cabinet
(W700 × H800 × D800, unit: mm) has only two shelves. It is actually
the smallest BTS ever produced by the industry.
The compactness advantage plus high capacity requires less space for
installing the BTS and also other auxiliary equipment.
Technological Advantages
Support smooth evolution to 1X EV-DV and CDMA2000-3X.
Employ all-IP architecture with large switching capacity, high QoS
guarantee and robust reliability.
Chapter 1 - System Overview
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 17
Adopt the IP-based cUDP/PPPMux/MultilinkPPP for its Abis interface for
higher transmission efficiency at a lower cost.
Use the multi-frequency digital intermediate frequency technology to
make do with less RF modules.
Support transmission diversity, intelligent antenna and linear pre-
distortion amplifier.
High channel efficiency.
Support different configurations such as 4-carrier 3-sector, 2-carrier 6-
sector and 1-carrier 12-sector.
Adopt high reuse-efficiency transmission system between its BDS and
RFS subsystems and data of 24 carrier sectors can be transmitted over
one fibre pair.
Support dynamic downloading of board software, making upgrade and
maintenance convenient.
High Reliability
Advanced EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) and EMI
(Electromagnetic Interference) design.
The RRFS supports ring networking through fibres and link backup for
switchover when necessary. Link switchover is independent of board
switchover to enhance transmission reliability.
The clock system is compatible with the GPS and GLONASS system.
All important boards are configured in 1+1 hot backup mode.
The GCM provides reliable clock for a short term and ensures the
locked status of clock during 72 hours after the GPS synchronous
signal is lost.
Flexible Networking
Abis interface for flexible networking:
Support Ethernet direct connection for when BTS and BSC are installed
in the same room or not far from each other.
Support star, chain, tree and ring networking.
Support 75 Ω / 120 Ω E1 interface, 100Ω T1 interface, and built-in
SDH transmission interface.
The BTS can use 220V AC or –48V DC and it has the built-in primary
power supply.
Smooth Expansion and Upgrade
All boards support hot swapping, convenient for online upgrade and
maintenance.
The Channel Module (CHM) can be configured easily as a subcard.
ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
18 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
One BDS supports up to 24 carrier sectors and more BDS shelves can
be added to expand capacity.
Capacity can be expanded with more channel modules and RF modules.
Support RRFS with multiple sectors.
Support CHM configuration of different scales in 1X system, as well as
mixed configuration EV-DO and EV-DV CHMs.
Easy Operation and Maintenance
Support order wire phone from a BTS to its BSC or to another BTS
through the network management access of SDH.
The RRFS is also available with an orderwire interface for
communicating with the BDS and BSC.
Provide online test and performance evaluation for the BTS through its
BTM (BTS Test Module).
Support local operation & maintenance of BTS through its 10M
Ethernet test port to control BDS and RFS, test their functions and
collect their performance parameters.
Support online upgrade. Support remote downloading of logic, MCU
MCU program, BOOT program and FLASH file.
Provide graphical user interface for easy operation and maintenance.
The interface shows the topology maps, tool bars and real rack layout.
Chapter 1 - System Overview
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 19
Functions
BTS functions as a bridge connecting mobile stations to BSC in the CDMA
system. Details are given below:
BTS communicates with MS (mobile station) through a CDMA air
interface.
BTS communicates with BSC (Base Station Controller) through an Abis
interface.
In the forward link, BTS first receives data from BSC through the Abis
interface, then encodes and modulates the data, next converts
baseband signals into radio frequency signals, finally transmits them
through a power amplifier, the radio frequency front end (RFE) and an
antenna.
In the reverse link, BTS first receives weak radio signals through the
antenna feeder and RFE. The signals then undergo low noise
amplification, down frequency conversion, and decoding and
demodulation. Finally, BTS sends the data through the Abis interface to
BSC.
ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
20 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
International Standards Followed
by BTS
1. 3GPP2 C.S0002-A version 6.0 (IS-2000 Release A).
2. 3GPP2 A.S0001-A version 2.0 (3G-IOSv4.1).
3. 3GPP2 A.S0011-A v1.0 (3G-IOS v4.3).
4. ANSI J-STD-008, Personal Station-Base Station Compatibility
Requirement for 1.8 to 2.0 GHz Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
Personal Communications System, 1996.
5. TIA/EIA/TSB-74, Support for 14.4 Kbps Data Rate and PCS Interaction
for Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular System, 1995.
6. TIA/EIA/IS-95-A, Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard
for Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular Systems.
7. TIA/EIA/IS-95, Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard for
Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular Systems.
8. TIA/EIA/IS-637 Short Message Services for Wideband Spread
Spectrum Cellular Systems, 1997.
9. TIA/EIA/IS-127, Enhanced Variable Rate Codec Speech Service Option
3 for Wideband Spread Spectrum Digital Systems, 1996.
10. TIA/EIA/IS-658, Data Service Interworking Function Interface for
Wideband Spread Spectrum Systems.
11. CDG RF36, Markov Service Option for Wideband Spread Spectrum
Communications Sytems.
12. TIA/EIA/IS-725, Over-the-Air Service Provisioning of Mobile Stations in
Wideband Spread Spectrum Systems, 1997.
13. TIA/EIA/IS-728, Inter-System Link Protocol.
14. TIA/EIA/IS-733, High Rate Speech Service Option 17 for Wideband
Spread Spectrum Communication Systems.
15. TIA/EIA/IS-707, Data Service Options for Wideband Spread Spectrum
Systems, 1998.
16. TIA/EIA/IS-707-A-2 Data Service Options for Spread Spectrum
Systems Addendum 2, 2000.
17. ITU-T Q.714 Signaling connection control part (SCCP).
18. ITU-T Q.704 Signal link (MTP3).
19. ITU-T Q.703 Signal link (MTP2).
20. 3GPP2 C.S0024, cdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Air Interface
Specification，December 2001.
21. 3GPP2 A.S0007, 1xEV-DO Inter-Operability Specification (IOS) for
cdma2000 Access Network Interface, June 2001.
Chapter 1 - System Overview
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 21
22. 3GPP2 C.S0029, Test Application Specification (TAS) for High Rate
Packet Data Air Interface, July 2001.
23. TIA/EIA/IS-97D，Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for
Base Stations Supporting Dual Mode Spread Spectrum Systems, 2001.
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 22
Chapter 2
BTS Hardware
In this chapter, you will learn about:
Hardware structure
Composition of subsystems
Features and functions of each subsystem
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