Zilog Z8F0130 User Manual

This document has been discontinued and thus will no longer be updated. Please refer instead to Zilog Developer Studio’s Online Help feature.

ZDS II Online Help can be accessed from the Help menu in ZDS II. So that we can offer continual improvements to your ZDS II On-Line Help experience, we welcome your inputs and suggestions. Please feel free to contact us via our Customer Service page

on the Zilog website.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

UM013037-1212

www.zilog.com

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Warning:

User Manual

DO NOT USE THIS PRODUCT IN LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS.

LIFE SUPPORT POLICY

ZILOG’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF ZILOG CORPORATION.

As used herein

Life support devices or systems are devices which (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A critical component is any componen t in a li fe supp ort device o r syste m whose failure to p erform ca n be re asonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system or to affect its safety or effectiveness.

Document Disclaimer

©2012 Zilog, Inc. All rights reserved. Information in this publication concerning the devices, applications, or technology described is intended to suggest possible uses and may be superseded. ZILOG, INC. DOES NOT ASSUME LIABILITY FOR OR PROVIDE A REPRESENTATION OF ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION, DEVICES, OR TECHNOLOGY DESCRIBED IN THIS DOCUMENT. ZILOG ALSO DOES NOT ASSUME LIABILITY FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INFRINGEMENT RELATED IN ANY MANNER TO USE OF INFORMATION , DEVI CES, OR TECHNOLOGY DESCRIBED HEREIN OR OTHERWISE. The information contained within this document has been verified according to the general principles of electrical and mechanical engineering.

Z8 Encore!, Z8 Encore! XP and Z8 Encore! XM are trademarks or registered trademarks of Zilog, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.

UM013037-1212

Revision History

Each instance in the following revision history table reflects a change to this document from its previous version. For more details, refer to the corresponding pages provided in the table.

Revision

Date

Dec 2012

Nov 2012

Dec 2010

May 2008

Dec 2006

Jul 2006

Sep 2005

Level Description Page

37 Restored all pages to document for current reference purposes. Document

will not be updated; please refer instead to Zilog Developer Studio Online Help.

36 Updated title page to note discontinuation of this document; readers are

instead referred to Zilog Developer Studio’s Online Help, which contains this manual in its entirety. Removed all pages but title page.

35 Added Linker Command Files for C Programs section to Using the ANSI

CCompiler chapter.

34 Updated for the ZDS II 5.0.0 release; updated the Using the Integrated

Development Environment chapter; added new section to the Using the Editor chapter.

33 Updated for the ZDS II 4.11.0 release. All

32 Added description of the Use Page Erase Before Flashing check; described

new Place ISR into PRAM checkboxes; added description of the Use Page Erase checkbox; added path for Ethernet Smart Cab le upgrade information; updated the note about PRAM; deleted PL, PW, PAGEWIDTH, and PAGELENGTH; added the checksum, fillmem, loadmem, and savemem commands.

31 Updated for the ZDS II 4.10.0 release. All

30 Added Ethernet target. 111

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Revision History UM013037-1212

Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii

List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

List of Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x xiii

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

ZDS II System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Supported Operating Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Recommended Host System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Minimum Host System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

When Using the Serial Smart Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

When Using the USB Smart Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

When Using the Opto-Isolated USB Smart Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

When Using the Ethernet Smart Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

When Using the Z8 Encore! MC Emulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Z8 Encore! Product Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Zilog Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Installing ZDS II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Developer’s Environment Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Create a New Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Add a File to the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Set Up the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Save the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Using the Integrated Development Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Toolbars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

File Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Build Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Find Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Command Processor Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Bookmarks Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Debug Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Debug Windows Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Project Workspace Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Edit Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Output Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

UM013037-1212 Table of Contents

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Menu Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

File Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Edit Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

View Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Project Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Build Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Debug Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Tools Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Window Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Help Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Shortcut Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

File Menu Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Edit Menu Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Project Menu Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Build Menu Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Debug Menu Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Using the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Auto Completion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Call Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Auto Indentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Multiple Clipboards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Line and Block Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Abbreviations and Expansions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Auto Insertion of Braces and Quotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Long Line Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

UNICODE Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Auto Syntax Styler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Code Folding Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Line Number Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Type Info Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

Highlighting and Finding Matched Braces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Matching Preprocessor Conditional Macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Wrap Long Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

Indentation Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Zoom In/Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Bookmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Opening an Include File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Highlighting a Program Counter Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

Mismatched Brace Highlighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Auto Conversion of “.” to “→” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

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User Manual

Using the ANSI C-Compiler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Language Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

Additional Keywords for Storage Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

Memory Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Call Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

Interrupt Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

Monitor Function Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

String Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

Inline Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Placement Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Char and Short Enumerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Setting Flash Option Bytes in C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Program RAM Support (Z8 Encore! XP 16K Series Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Preprocessor #warning Directive Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Supported New Features from the 1999 Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Type Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Predefined Macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Macros Generated by the IDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Calling Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Function Call Mechanism: Dynamic Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Function Call Mechanism: Static Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Function Call Mechanism: Register Parameter Passing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

Return Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Special Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Calling Assembly Functions from C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Function Naming Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Argument Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Return Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

Preserving Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

Calling C Functions from Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

Assembly File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

Referenced C Function Prototype . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

Run-Time Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

Zilog Header Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226

Zilog Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

Zilog Extensions to the C Library Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

Start-Up Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

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Customizing Start-Up Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Segment Naming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

Linker Command Files for C Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

Linker Referenced Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

Linker Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

Sample Linker Command File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

ANSI Standard Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

Freestanding Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

Deviations from ANSI C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256

Warning and Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

Preprocessor Warning and Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Front-End Warning and Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Optimizer Warning and Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

Code Generator Warning and Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

Using the Macro Assembler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

Address Spaces and Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278

Allocating Processor Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278

Address Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278

Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

Assigning Memory at Link Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

Output Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

Source Listing (.lst) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

Object Code (.obj) File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

Source Language Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

General Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

Assembler Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

Arithmetic Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

Relational Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

Boolean Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

HIGH and LOW Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

HIGH16 and LOW16 Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

.FTOL Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

.LTOF Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

Decimal Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

Hexadecimal Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

Binary Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

Octal Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

Character Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

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Operator Precedence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

Automatic Working Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

ALIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

.COMMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296

CPU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296

Data Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

DEFINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

END . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304

EQU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304

INCLUDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305

LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306

NEWPAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306

NOLIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306

ORG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

SEGMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

SUBTITLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

TITLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

VAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

VECTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

XDEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311

XREF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

Structures and Unions in Assembly Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

Structured Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Structured Assembly Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319

Structured Assembly Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323

Conditional Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

IF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326

IFDEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327

IFSAME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

IFMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

Macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

Macro Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329

Concatenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329

Macro Invocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

Local Macro Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

Optional Macro Arguments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331

Exiting a Macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331

Delimiting Macro Arguments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332

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Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332

Anonymous Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

Local Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

Importing and Exporting Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

Label Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

Label Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334

Source Language Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334

Compatibility Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337

Warning and Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338

Using the Linker/Locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345

Linker Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345

Invoking the Linker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

Linker Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

<outputfile>=<module list> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

CHANGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

COPY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

DEBUG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

DEFINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

FORMAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

GROUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

HEADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

LOCATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

MAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

MAXHEXLEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

MAXLENGTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

NODEBUG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

NOMAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

NOWARN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

ORDER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

RANGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

SEARCHPATH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

SEQUENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

SORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

SPLITTABLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

UNRESOLVED IS FATAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358

WARN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

WARNING IS FATAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

WARNOVERLAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

Linker Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

+ (Add) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

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& (And) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

BASE OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

COPY BASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

COPY TOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

/ (Divide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

FREEMEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363

HIGHADDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363

LENGTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363

LOWADDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363

* (Multiply) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

Decimal Numeric Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

Hexadecimal Numeric Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

| (Or) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

<< (Shift Left) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

>> (Shift Right) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

- (Subtract) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

TOP OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

^ (Bitwise Exclusive Or) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

~ (Not) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

Sample Linker Map File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

Warning and Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381

Using the Debugger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385

Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387

Code Line Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387

Debug Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388

Registers Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388

Special Function Registers Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389

Clock Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390

Memory Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

Watch Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397

Locals Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399

Call Stack Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400

Symbols Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401

Disassembly Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402

Simulated UART Output Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403

Using Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404

Inserting Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404

Viewing Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

Moving to a Breakpoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406

Enabling Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406

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Disabling Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406

Removing Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407

Appendix A. Zilog Standard Library Notes and Tips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409

Appendix B. C Standard Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415

Standard Header Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416

Diagnostics <assert.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416

Character Handling <ctype.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417

Errors <errno.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418

Floating Point <float.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418

Limits <limits.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420

Mathematics <math.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

Nonlocal Jumps <setjmp.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423

Variable Arguments <stdarg.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423

Standard Definitions <stddef.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424

Input/Output <stdio.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

General Utilities <stdlib.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

String Handling <string.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428

Standard Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430

abort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431

abs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431

acos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431

asin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432

atan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432

atan2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

atof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

atoi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

atol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434

bsearch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434

calloc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435

ceil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436

cos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436

cosh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437

div . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437

exp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438

fabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438

floor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439

fmod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439

free . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439

frexp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440

getchar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440

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gets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

isalnum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442

isalpha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442

iscntrl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442

isdigit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442

isgraph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443

islower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443

isprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443

ispunct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444

isspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444

isupper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444

isxdigit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445

labs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445

ldexp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445

ldiv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446

log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446

log10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447

longjmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447

malloc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448

memchr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448

memcmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449

memcpy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449

memmove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450

memset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450

modf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451

pow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451

printf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451

putchar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455

puts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455

qsort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456

rand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456

realloc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457

scanf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458

setjmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461

sin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462

sinh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462

sprintf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462

sqrt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463

srand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463

sscanf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464

strcat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464

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strchr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465

strcmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465

strcpy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465

strcspn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466

strlen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466

strncat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467

strncmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467

strncpy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468

strpbrk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468

strrchr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469

strspn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469

strstr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469

strtod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470

strtok . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471

strtol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472

tan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472

tanh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473

tolower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473

toupper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

va_arg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

va_end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475

va_start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476

vprintf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477

vsprintf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477

Appendix C. Running ZDS II from the Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479

Building a Project from the Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479

Running the Assembler from the Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480

Running the Compiler from the Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480

Running the Linker from the Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481

Assembler Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482

Compiler Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484

Librarian Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487

Linker Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488

Appendix D. Using the Command Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489

Sample Command Script File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494

Supported Script File Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495

add file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496

batch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496

bp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497

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build . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497

cancel all . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497

cancel bp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497

cd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

checksum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

crc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

debugtool copy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

debugtool create . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

debugtool get . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

debugtool help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

debugtool list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

debugtool save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500

debugtool set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500

debugtool setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500

defines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501

delete config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501

examine (?) for Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502

examine (?) for Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503

exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503

fillmem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503

go . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504

list bp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504

loadmem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504

log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505

makfile or makefile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505

new project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506

open project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506

option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512

pwd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513

quit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513

rebuild . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513

reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513

savemem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513

set config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514

step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514

stepin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

stepout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

target copy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

target create . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

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target get . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

target help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

target list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

target options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516

target save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517

target set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517

target setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518

wait . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518

wait bp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518

Running the Flash Loader from the Command Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518

Displaying Flash Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519

Setting Up Flash Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519

Executing Flash Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519

Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520

Appendix E. Compatibility Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523

Assembler Compatibility Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523

Compiler Compatibility Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531

Customer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557

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List of Figures

Figure 1. New Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Figure 2. Select Project Name Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Figure 3. New Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Figure 4. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Build Options Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Figure 5. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Target and Debug Tool Selection Step . 13 Figure 6. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Target Memory Configuration Step . . . 14

Figure 7. Add Files to Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Figure 8. Sample Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Figure 9. General Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Figure 10. Assembler Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Figure 11. Code Generation Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Figure 12. Advanced Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Figure 13. Output Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Figure 14. Build Output Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Figure 15. Z8 Encore! Integrated Development Environment Window . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Figure 16. File Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Figure 17. Build Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Figure 18. Find Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Figure 19. Command Processor Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Figure 20. Bookmarks Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Figure 21. The Debug Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Figure 22. Debug Windows Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Figure 23. Project Workspace Window for Standard Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Figure 24. Project Workspace Window for Assembly Only Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Figure 25. Edit Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Figure 26. Bookmark Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Figure 27. Inserting a Bookmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Figure 28. Build Output Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Figure 29. Debug Output Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Figure 30. Find in Files Output Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Figure 31. Find in Files 2 Output Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Figure 32. Message Output Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Figure 33. Command Output Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

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Figure 34. Open Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Figure 35. New Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Figure 36. Select Project Name Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Figure 37. New Project Dialog Box, Build Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Figure 38. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Target and Debug Tool Selection . . . . . 52

Figure 39. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Target Memory Configuration . . . . . . . . 53

Figure 40. Open Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Figure 41. Save As Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Figure 42. Print Preview Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Figure 43. Find Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Figure 44. Find in Files Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Figure 45. Replace Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Figure 46. Go to Line Number Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Figure 47. Breakpoints Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Figure 48. Abbreviations Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Figure 49. Add Files to Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Figure 50. General Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Figure 51. Assembler Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Figure 52. Code Generation Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Figure 53. Listing Files Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Figure 54. Preprocessor Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Figure 55. Advanced Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Figure 56. Deprecated Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Figure 57. Librarian Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Figure 58. ZSL Page (Z8 Encore! XP F1680 Series) of the Project Settings Dialog 

Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Figure 59. Commands Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Figure 60. Additional Linker Directives Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Figure 61. Select Linker Command File Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Figure 62. Objects and Libraries Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . 99

Figure 63. Address Spaces Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Figure 64. Warnings Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Figure 65. Output Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Figure 66. Debugger Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Figure 67. Configure Target Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Figure 68. Create New Target Wizard Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

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Figure 69. Target Copy or Move Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Figure 70. Setup Ethernet Smart Cable Communication Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Figure 71. Setup Serial Communication Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Figure 72. Setup USB Communication Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Figure 73. Save As Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Figure 74. Select Configuration Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Figure 75. Manage Configurations Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Figure 76. Add Project Configuration Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Figure 77. Manage Configurations Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Figure 78. Copy Configuration Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Figure 79. Flash Loader Processor Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Figure 80. Fill Memory Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Figure 81. Save to File Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Figure 82. Load from File Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Figure 83. Show CRC Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Figure 84. Calculate Checksum Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Figure 85. Calculate Checksum Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Figure 86. Show CRC Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Figure 87. Customize Dialog Box, Toolbars Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Figure 88. Customize Dialog Box, Commands Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Figure 89. Options Dialog Box, General Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Figure 90. Options Dialog Box, Editor Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Figure 91. Color Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Figure 92. Font Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Figure 93. Options Dialog Box: Editor Tab, Advanced Editor Options Dialog Box . 142

Figure 94. Options Dialog Box, Debugger Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Figure 95. Auto Completion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Figure 96. Autocompletion of Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Figure 97. Autocompletion of Header File Inclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Figure 98. Autocompletion of HTML Tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Figure 99. Advance Editor Options, Show Autocompletion List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Figure 100. Call Tips Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Figure 101. Advance Editor Options, Show Call Tips Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Figure 102. Auto Indentation in C Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Figure 103. Auto Indentation With Assembly Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Figure 104. Options Dialog Box, Auto Indent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

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Figure 105. Multiple Clipboards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Figure 106. Abbreviation Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Figure 107. Abbreviation Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Figure 108. Abbreviations Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Figure 109. Auto Insertion of Closing Brace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Figure 110. Auto Insertion of Closing Parenthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Figure 111. Advance Editor Options, Auto Insertion of Brace and Quotes . . . . . . . . . 168

Figure 112. Long Line Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

Figure 113. Advance Editor Options, Long Line Indicator Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Figure 114. Advance Editor Options, Support UNICODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Figure 115. Auto Syntax Styler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

Figure 116. Options Dialog Box, Editor Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

Figure 117. Color Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Figure 118. Code Folding Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

Figure 119. Advance Editor Options, Display Code Folding Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Figure 120. Line Number Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Figure 121. Advance Editor Options, Display Line Number Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

Figure 122. Type Info Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Figure 123. Highlighting Matching Braces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Figure 124. Highlighting Matching Parentheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Figure 125. Wrapping Long Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

Figure 126. Advance Editor Options, Wrap Long Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Figure 127. Indentation Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

Figure 128. Advance Editor Options, Display Indentation Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Figure 129. Bookmark Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

Figure 130. Inserting a Bookmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Figure 131. Opening an Include File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

Figure 132. Highlighting PC Line in Debug mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Figure 133. Advance Editor Options, Highlight PC Line in Debug mode . . . . . . . . . . 190

Figure 134. Mismatched Brace Highlighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Figure 135. Mismatched Parenthesis Highlighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

Figure 136. Convert . to → Automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

Figure 137. Z8 Encore! Memory Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Figure 138. Dynamic Call Frame Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Figure 139. Z8 Encore! Hierarchical Memory Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

Figure 140. Multiple File Linking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

List of Figures UM013037-1212

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

Figure 141. Debug and Debug Window Toolbars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386

Figure 142. Debug Windows Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388

Figure 143. Registers Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389

Figure 144. Special Function Registers Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389

Figure 145. Clock Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390

Figure 146. Memory Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

Figure 147. Memory Window, Starting Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393

Figure 148. Memory Window, Requested Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

Figure 149. Fill Memory Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

Figure 150. Save to File Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395

Figure 151. Load from File Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396

Figure 152. Show CRC Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397

Figure 153. Watch Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397

Figure 154. Locals Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400

Figure 155. Call Stack Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401

Figure 156. Symbols Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401

Figure 157. Disassembly Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402

Figure 158. Simulated UART Output Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403

Figure 159. Setting a Breakpoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

Figure 160. Viewing Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

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List of Figures UM013037-1212

List of Tables

Table 1. Edit Window Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Table 2. File Menu Shortcut Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Table 3. Edit Menu Shortcut Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Table 4. Project Menu Shortcut Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Table 5. Build Menu Shortcut Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Table 6. Debug Menu Shortcut Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Table 7. Working with Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Table 8. Working with Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Table 9. Working with Paragraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Table 10. Working with Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Table 11. Default Storage Specifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

Table 12. Return Value Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Table 13. Nonstandard Header Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226

Table 14. Z8 Encore! Start-Up Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Table 15. Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

Table 16. Linker Referenced Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

Table 17. Linker Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

Table 18. Predefined Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

Table 19. Operator Precedence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

Table 20. Assembler Directives for Structured Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318

Table 21. Anonymous Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

Table 22. Standard Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415

Table 23. Assembler Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482

Table 24. Compiler Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484

Table 25. Librarian Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488

Table 26. Script File Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490

Table 27. Command Line Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

Table 28. Assembler Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508

Table 29. Compiler Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508

Table 30. General Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

Table 31. Librarian Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

Table 32. Linker Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511

Table 33. ZSL Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

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Table 34. Z8 Encore! Directive Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523

List of Tables UM013037-1212

Introduction

Note:

The following sections provide an introduction to the Zilog Developer Studio II:

•

ZDS II System Requirements – see page 1

•

Zilog T echnical Support – see page 6

ZDS II System Requirements

T o effectively use Zilog Developer System II, you need a basic understanding of the C and assembly languages, the device architecture, and Microsoft Windows.

The following sections describe the ZDS II system requirements:

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

•

Supported Operating Systems – see page 1

•

Recommended Host System Configuration – see page 2

•

Minimum Host System Configuration – see page 2

•

When Using the Serial Smart Cable – see page 2

•

When Using the USB Smart Cable – see page 3

•

When Using the Opto-Isolated USB Smart Cable – see page 3

•

When Using the Ethernet Smart Cable – see page 3

•

When Using the Z8 Encore! MC Emulator – see page 3

•

Z8 Encore! Product Support – see page 3

Supported Operating Systems

•

Windows 7 64-bit

•

Windows 7 32-bit

•

Windows Vista 64-bit

•

Windows Vista 32-bit

•

Windows XP Professional 32-bit

The USB Smart Cable is not supported on 64-bit Windows Vista and Windows XP for ZDS II – Z8 Encore! versions 4.10.1 or earlier.

UM013037-1212 Introduction

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

User Manual

•

Windows 2000 SP4

Recommended Host System Configuration

•

Windows XP Professional SP3 or later

•

Pentium IV 2.2 GHz processor or higher

•

1024 MB RAM or mor

•

135 MB hard disk space (includes application and documentation)

•

Super VGA video adapter

•

CD-ROM drive for installation

•

USB high-speed port (when using the USB Smart Cable)

•

RS-232 communication port with hardware flow control

•

Internet browser (Internet Explorer or Netscape)

Minimum Host System Configuration

•

Windows XP Professional SP2

•

Pentium IV 2.2 GHz processor

•

512 MB RAM

•

50 MB hard disk space (application only)

•

Super VGA video adapter

•

CD-ROM drive for installation

•

USB full-speed port (when using the USB Smart Cable)

•

RS-232 communication port with hardware flow control

•

Internet browser (Internet Explorer or Netscape)

When Using the Serial Smart Cable

•

RS-232 communication port with hardware flow and modem control signals

Some USB to RS-232 devices are not compatible because they lack the necessary hardware signals and/or they use proprietary auto-sensing mechanisms which prevent the Smart Cable from connecting.

Introduction UM013037-1212

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

When Using the USB Smart Cable

•

High-speed USB (fully compatible with original USB)

•

Root (direct) or self-powered hub connection

The USB Smart Cable is a high-power USB device. Windows NT is not supported.

When Using the Opto-Isolated USB Smart Cable

•

High-speed USB (fully compatible with original USB)

•

Root (direct) or self-powered hub connection

User Manual

The USB Smart Cable is a high-power USB device. Windows NT is not supported.

When Using the Ethernet Smart Cable

•

Ethernet 10Base-T compatible connection

When Using the Z8 Encore! MC Emulator

•

Internet browser (Internet Explorer or Netscape)

•

Ethernet 10Base-T compatible connection

•

One or more RS-232 communication ports with hardware flow control

Z8 Encore! Product Support

CPU Family CPU Pin Count Evaluation Kit Name

Z8Encore_F0830_Series Z8F013x 20, 28 Not applicable

Z8F023x Z8F043x Z8F083x Z8F123x

Z8Encore_F083A_Series Z8F043A 20, 28 Z8F083A0128ZCOG

Z8F083A

UM013037-1212 When Using the USB Smart Cable

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

CPU Family CPU Pin Count Evaluation Kit Name

Z8Encore_XP_64XX_Series Z8F1621 40, 44 Z8F64200100KITG

Z8Encore_XP_F0822_Series Z8F0411 20 Z8F08200100KITG

Z8Encore_XP_F0823_8Pin_Series Z8F0113XB 8 Z8F04A08100KITG

Z8F1622 64, 68 Z8F2421 40, 44 Z8F2422 64, 68 Z8F3221 40, 44 Z8F3222 64, 68 Z8F4821 40, 44 Z8F4822 64, 68 Z8F4823 80 Z8F6421 40, 44 Z8F6422 64, 68 Z8F6423 80

Z8F0412 28 Z8F0421 20 Z8F0422 28 Z8F0811 20 Z8F0812 28 Z8F0821 20 Z8F0822 28

Z8F0123XB Z8F0213XB Z8F0223XB Z8F0413XB Z8F0423XB Z8F0813XB Z8F0823XB

Introduction UM013037-1212

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

CPU Family CPU Pin Count Evaluation Kit Name

Z8Encore_XP_F0823_Series Z8F0113 20, 28 Z8F04A28100KITG

Z8F0123 Z8F0213 Z8F0223 Z8F0413 Z8F0423 Z8F0813 Z8F0823

Z8Encore_XP_F082A_8Pin_Series Z8F011AXB 8 Z8F04A08100KITG

Z8F012AXB Z8F021AXB Z8F022AXB Z8F041AXB Z8F042AXB Z8F081AXB Z8F082AXB

Z8Encore_XP_F082A_Series Z8F011A 20, 28 Z8F04A28100KITG

Z8F012A Z8F021A Z8F022A Z8F041A Z8F042A Z8F081A Z8F08A28100KITG Z8F082A

Z8Encore_XP_F1680_Series_16K Z8F1680X

Z8F1681X

Z8Encore_XP_F1680_Series_24K Z8F2480X

Z8F2481X

Z8Encore_XP_F1680_Series_8K Z8F0880X

Z8F0881X

Z8Encore_Z8FMC16100_Series Z8FMC04100 28, 32 Z8FMC160100KITG

Z8FMC08100 Z8FMC16100

20, 28, 40, 44Z8F16800128ZCOG

Z8F16800144ZCOG

20, 28, 40, 44Z8F16800128ZCOG

Z8F16800144ZCOG

20, 28, 40, 44Z8F16800128ZCOG

Z8F16800144ZCOG

UM013037-1212 Z8 Encore! Product Support

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Zilog Technical Support

For technical questions about our products and tools, or for design assistance, please visit

http://www.zilog.com

the following information in your support ticket:

•

Product release number (Located in the heading of the toolbar)

•

Product serial number

•

Type of hardware you are using

•

Exact wording of any error or warning messages

•

Attach any applicable files to your email

Before Using Technical Support

, navigate via the Support menu to Technical Support, and provide

Before you use technical support, consult the following documentation:

•

readme.txt file Refer to the

mation about problems that might occur while installing or running ZDS II:

ZILOGINSTALL\ZDSII_product_version\

In the above filepath: – ZILOGINSTALL is the ZDS II installation directory. For example, the default

installation directory is

– product is the specific Zilog product. For example, product can be Z8Encore!,

ZNEO, eZ80Acclaim!, Crimzon, or Z8GP.

– version is the ZDS II version number. For example, version can be

5.0.0.

•

FAQ.html file The

FAQ.html file contains answers to frequently asked questions and other informa-

tion about good practices for getting the best results from ZDS II. The information in this file does not generally go out of date from release to release as quickly as the information in the directory:

readme.txt file in the following directory for last minute tips and infor-

C:\Program Files\Zilog.

4.11.0 or

readme.txt file. You can find the FAQ.html file in the following

ZILOGINSTALL\ZDSII_product_version\

In the above filepath: – ZILOGINSTALL is the ZDS II installation directory. For example, the default

installation directory is

Introduction UM013037-1212

C:\Program Files\Zilog.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

– product is the specific Zilog product. For example, product can be Z8Encore!,

ZNEO, eZ80Acclaim!, Crimzon, or Z8GP.

– version is the ZDS II version number. For example, version can be

5.0.0.

•

Troubleshooting section – Appendix A. Zilog Standard Library Notes and Tips

on page 409

4.11.0 or

UM013037-1212 Zilog Technical Support

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Introduction UM013037-1212

Getting Started

This section provides a tutorial of the developer’s environment, so you can be working with the ZDS II graphical user interface in a short time. The following topics are covered:

•

Installing ZDS II – see page 9

•

Developer’s Environment Tutorial – see page 9

Installing ZDS II

There are two ways to install ZDS II:

•

From a CD a. Insert the CD in your CD-ROM drive. b. Follow the setup instructions on your screen. The installer displays a default loca-

tion for ZDS II. You can change the location if you want to.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

•

From the home page of the Zilog website: a. Navigate to b. Click the link for the version that you want to download. c. Click d. In the e. Navigate to a location on your hard drive in which you want to save ZDS II. f. Click g. Double-click the executable file. h. Follow the setup instructions on your screen. The installer displays a default loca-

tion for ZDS II. You can change the location if you want to.

http://www.zilog.com/software/zds2.asp.

Download.

File Download dialog box, click Save.

Save.

Developer’s Environment Tutorial

This tutorial shows you how to use the Zilog Developer Studio II. To begin this tour, you need a basic understanding of Microsoft Windows. Estimated time for completing this exercise is 15 minutes.

In this tour, you’ll perform the following tasks:

•

Create a New Project – see page 10

•

Add a File to the Project – see page 14

•

Set Up the Project – see page 16

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User Manual

•

Save the Project – see page 22

When you complete this tour, you have a

Be sure to read the Using the Integrated Development Environment section on page 23 to learn more about all of the dialog boxes and their options discussed in this tutorial.

For the purpose of this quick tour , your Z8 Encore! developer’ s environment directory will be referred to as <ZDS Installation Directory>, which equates to the following path:

<ZILOGINSTALL>\ZDSII_Z8Encore!_<version>\

In the above filepath:

•

ZILOGINSTALL is the ZDS II installation directory. For example, the default installation directory is

•

version is the ZDS II version number. For example, version can be 4.11.0 or 5.0.0.

C:\Program Files\Zilog.

sample.lod file that is used in debugging.

Create a New Project

1. To create a new projec t, select New Project from the File menu. The New Project

dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. New Project Dialog Box

2. From the

directory into which you want to save your project. The box is displayed.

Getting Started UM013037-1212

New Project dialog box, click the Browse button ( ) to navigate to the

Select Project Name dialog

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

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Figure 2. Select Project Name Dialog Box

3. Use the Look In drop-down list box to navigate to the directory in which you want to

save your project. For this tutorial, place your project in the following directory:

<ZDS Installation Directory>\samples\Tutorial

If Zilog Developer Studio was installed in the default directory, the following is the actual path:

C:\Program Files\Zilog\ZDSII_Z8Encore!_4.11.0\samples\Tutorial

You can create a new folder in which you want to save your project. For example:

C:\<New Folder>.

4. In the

5. Click

File Name field, enter sample for the name of your project. The Z8 Encore!

developer’s environment creates a project file. Project files have the sion (for example, <project name>

.zdsproj. It is added automatically.

Select to return to the New Project dialog box.

.zdsproj). You do not have to type the extension

.zdsproj exten-

6. In the

7. In the

8. In the

UM013037-1212 Create a New Project

Project Type field, select Standard because the sample project uses .c files. CPU Family drop-down list box, select Z8Encore_XP_F1680_Series_16K. CPU drop-down list box, select Z8F1680XJ.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

9. In the Build Type drop-down list box, select Executable to build an application.

Figure 3. New Project Dialog Box

10. Click

Continue. The New Project Wizard dialog box is displayed. It allows you to

modify the initial values for some of the project settings during the project creation process.

Figure 4. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Build Options Step

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11. Accept the defaults by clicking Next. The Target and Debug Tool Selection step of

New Project Wizard dialog box is displayed.

the

The options displayed in the selected in the

General page of the Project Settings dialog box (see the General Page section on

the

New Project dialog box (see the New Project section on page 49) or

Configure Target dialog box depend on the CPU you

page 69). For this tutorial project, there are two targets displayed. Z8F16800128ZCOG is the Z8F1680 28-Pin Development Kit’s evaluation board; Z8F16800144ZCOG is the Z8F1680 Dual 44-Pin Development Kit’s evaluation board. For more information about which products each target supports, see the Z8

Encore! Product Support section on page 3.

Clicking

Configure Target dialog box allows you to select the clock source and the appropriate

Setup in the Target area displays the Configure Target dialog box. The

clock frequency. For the emulator, this frequency must match the clock oscillator on Y4. For the development kit, this frequency must match the clock oscillator on Y1. For more information about configuring the target, see the Setup

section on page 111.

For details about the available debug tools and how to configure them, see the Debug

Tool section on page 114.

12. Select the

Z8F16800128ZCOG checkbox.

Figure 5. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Target and Debug Tool Selection Step

UM013037-1212 Create a New Project

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

13. Click Next.

The Target Memory Configuration step of the played.

New Project Wizard dialog box is dis-

Figure 6. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Target Memory Configuration Step

14. Click

Finish.

ZDS II creates a new project named

Project Workspace window (Standard Project Files and External Dependencies) on

sample. Two empty folders are displayed in the

the left side of the integrated development environment (IDE).

Add a File to the Project

In this section, you add the provided C source file main.c file to the sample project.

1. From the

played.

Getting Started UM013037-1212

Project menu, select Add Files. The Add Files to Project dialog box is dis-

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

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Figure 7. Add Files to Project Dialog Box

2. In the Add Files to Project dialog box, use the Look In drop-down list box to navi-

gate to the tutorial directory:

<ZDS Installation Directory>\samples\Tutorial

3. Select the main.c file and click Add.

The

main.c file is displayed under the Standard Project Files folder in the Project

Workspace

window on the left side of the IDE.

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Figure 8. Sample Project

To view any of the files in the Edit window during the quick tour, double-click the file in the Project Workspace window.

Set Up the Project

Before you save and build the sample project, check the settings in the Project Settings dialog box.

1. From the

played. It provides various project configuration pages that can be accessed by selecting the page name in the pane on the left side of the dialog box. There are several

Getting Started UM013037-1212

Project menu, select Settings. The Project Settings dialog box is dis-

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

pages grouped together for the C (Compiler) and Linker that allow you to set up subsettings for those tools. For more information, see the Settings

section on page 68.

2. In the

Configuration drop-down list box, make sure that the Debug build configura-

tion is selected. For your convenience, the Debug configuration is a predefined configuration of defaults set for debugging. For more information about project configurations such as adding your own configuration , se e the Set Active Configura-

tion section on page 118.

Figure 9. General Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box

3. Select the

4. Make sure that the

UM013037-1212 Set Up the Project

Assembler page.

Generate Assembly Listing Files (.lst) checkbox is selected.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Figure 10. Assembler Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box

5. Select the Code Generation page.

6. Make sure that the

Getting Started UM013037-1212

Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging checkbox is selected.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

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Figure 11. Code Ge neration Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box

7. Select the Advanced page.

8. Make certain that the

UM013037-1212 Set Up the Project

Generate Printfs Inline checkbox is selected.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Figure 12. Advanced Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box

9. Select the Output page.

10. Make certain that both the IEEE 695 and Intel Hex32 - Records checkboxes are

selected.

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Figure 13. Output Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box

The executable format defaults to IEEE 695 when you create an executable project

.lod). T o change the executable format, see the Linker: Output Page section on page

(

107.

11. Click

OK to save all of the settings on the Project Settings dialog box.

The Development Environment prompts you to build the project when changes are made to the project settings that would effect the resulting build program. The message is as follows: “

build. Would you like to rebuild the affected files?

12. Click

Yes to build the project.

The developer’s environment builds the

13. Watch the compilation process in the

UM013037-1212 Set Up the Project

The project settings have changed since the last

”

sample project.

Build Output window.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Figure 14. Build Output Window

When the Build completed message is displayed in the Build Output window, you have successfully built the sample project and created a

sample.lod file to debug.

Save the Project

You must save your project. From the File menu, select Save Project.

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Using the Integrated Development Environment

The following sections discuss how to use the integrated development environment (IDE):

•

Toolbars – see page 24

•

Windows – see page 38

•

Menu Bar – see page 47

•

Shortcut Keys – see page 146

To effectively understand how to use the developer’s environment, be sure to go through the tutorial in the Getting Started

section on page 9.

User Manual

After the discussion of the toolbars and windows, this section discusses the menu bar from left to right – File, Edit, View, Project, Build, Debug, Tools, Window, and Help – and the dialog boxes accessed from the menus. For example, the discussed as a part of the Project menu section.

Project Settings dialog box is

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

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Toolbars

Figure 15. Z8 Encore! Integrated Development Environment Window

For a table of all of the shortcuts used in the Z8 Encore! developer’s environment, see the

Shortcut Keys

The toolbars give you quick access to most features of the Z8 Encore! developer’s environment. You can use these buttons to perform any task.

There are cue cards for the toolbars. As you move the mouse pointer across the toolbars, the main function of the button is displayed. Also, you can drag and move the toolbars to different areas on the screen.

The following toolbars are available:

•

File Toolbar – see page 25

section on page 146.

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•

Build Toolbar – see page 26

•

Find Toolbar – see page 30

•

Command Processor Toolbar – see page 31

•

Bookmarks Toolbar – see page 32

•

Debug Toolbar – see page 32

•

Debug Windows Toolbar – see page 36

For more information about Debugging, see the Using the Debugger section on page 385.

File Toolbar

The File toolbar allows you to perform basic functions with your files u sing the foll owing buttons:

•

New Button – see page 25

•

Open Button – see page 26

•

Save Button – see page 26

•

Save All Button – see page 26

•

Cut Button – see page 26

•

Copy Button – see page 26

•

Paste Button – see page 26

•

Delete Button – see page 26

•

Print Button – see page 26

•

Workspace Window Button – see page 26

•

Output Window Button – see page 26

Figure 16. File Toolbar

New Button

The New button creates a new file.

UM013037-1212 File Too lbar

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Open Button

The Open button opens an existing file.

Save Button

The Save button saves the active file.

Save All Button

The Save All button saves all open files and the currently loaded project.

Cut Button

The Cut button deletes selected text from the active file and puts it on the Windows clipboard.

Copy Button

The Copy button copies selected text from the active file and puts it on the Windows clipboard.

Paste Button

The Paste button pastes the current contents of the clipboard into the active file at the current cursor position.

Delete Button

The Delete button deletes selected text from the active file.

Print Button

The Print button prints the active file.

Workspace Window Button

The Workspace Window button shows or hides the Project Workspace window.

Output Window Button

The Output Window button shows or hides the Output window.

Build Toolbar

The Build toolbar allows you to build your project, set breakpoints, and select a project configuration with the following controls and buttons:

•

Select Build Configuration List Box – see page 27

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

•

Compile/Assemble File Button – see page 27

•

Build Button – see page 27

•

Rebuild All Button – see page 27

•

Stop Build Button – see page 27

•

Connect to Target Button – see page 28

•

Download Code Button – see page 28

•

Reset Button – see page 34

•

Go Button – see page 29

•

Insert/Remove Breakpoint Button – see page 30

•

Enable/Disable Breakpoint Button – see page 30

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

•

Remove All Breakpoints Button – see page 30

Figure 17. Build Toolbar

Select Build Configuration List Box

The Select Build Configuration drop-down list box lets you activate the build configuration for your project. See the Set Active Configuration mation.

Compile/Assemble File Button

The Compile/Assemble File button compiles or assembles the active source file.

Build Button

The Build button builds your project by compiling and/or assembling any files that have changed since the last build and then links the project.

Rebuild All Button

section on page 118 for more infor -

The Rebuild All button rebuilds all files and links the project.

Stop Build Button

The Stop Build button stops a build in progress.

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Connect to Target Button

The Connect to Target button starts a debug ses sion using the following process:

1. Initializes the communication to the target hardware.

2. Resets the device.

3. Configures the device using the settings in the

4. Configures and executes the debugger options selected in the

Options dialog box. The following options are ignored if selected:

Reset to Symbol 'main' (Where Applicable) checkbox

– –

Verify File Downloads – Read After Write checkbox

–

Verify File Downloads – Upon Completion checkbox

Configure Target dialog box.

Debugger tab of the

This button does not download the software. Use this button to access target registers, memory, and so on without loading new code or to avoid overwriting the target’s code with the same code. This button is not enabled when the target is the simulator. This button is available only when not in

Debug mode.

For the Serial Smart Cable, ZDS II performs an on-chip debugger reset and resets the CPU at the vector reset location.

Download Code Button

The Download Code button downloads the executable file for the currently open project to the target for debugging. The button also initializes the communication to the target hardware if it has not been done yet. Starting in version 4.10.0, the ton can also program Flash memory. A page erase is done instead of a mass erase for both internal and external Flash memory. Use this button anytime during a debug session. This button is not enabled when the target is the simulator.

Download Code but-

The current code on the target is overwritten.

If ZDS II is not in

Debug mode when the Download Code button is clicked, the following

process is executed:

1. Initializes the communication to the target hardware.

2. Resets the device with a hardware reset by driving pin #2 of the debug header low.

3. Configures the device using the settings in the

Configure Target dialog box.

4. Downloads the program.

5. Issues a software reset through the debug header serial interface.

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6. Configures and executes the debugger options selected in the Debugger tab of the

Options dialog box. If it is a C project, ZDS II resets to the main function if it is

found.

If ZDS II is already in

Debug mode when the Download Code button is clicked, the fol-

lowing process is executed:

1. Resets the device using a software reset.

2. Downloads the program. You might need to reset the device before execution because the program counter might

have been changed after the download.

Reset Button

Click the Reset button in the Build or Debug toolbar to reset the program counter to the beginning of the program.

If ZDS II is not in ing process:

1. Initializes the communication to the target hardware.

2. Resets the device.

3. Configures the device using the settings in the

4. Downloads the program.

5. Configures and executes the debugger options selected in the

Options dialog box. If it is a C project, ZDS II resets to the main function if it is

found.

Debug mode, the Reset button starts a debug session using the follow-

Configure Target dialog box.

Debugger tab of the

If ZDS II is already in

Debug mode, the Reset button uses the following process:

1. ZDS II performs a hardware reset.

2. Configures the device using the settings in the

Configure Target dialog box.

3. If files have been modified, ZDS II asks, “Would you like to rebuild the project?”

before downloading the modified program. If there has been no file modification, the code is not reloaded.

For the Serial Smart Cable, ZDS II performs an on-chip debugger reset.

Go Button

Click the Go button to execute project code from the current program counter. If not in

1. Initializes the communication to the target hardware.

2. Resets the device.

UM013037-1212 Build Toolbar

Debug mode when the Go button is clicked, the following process is executed:

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

3. Configures the device using the settings in the Configure Target dialog box.

4. Downloads the program.

5. Configures and executes the debugger options selected in the

Options dialog box. If it is a C project, ZDS II resets to the main function if it is

found.

6. Executes the program from the reset location.

Debugger tab of the

Insert/Remove Breakpoint Button

The Insert/Remove Breakpoint button sets a new breakpoint or removes an existing breakpoint at the line containing the cursor in the active file or the breakpoint must be placed on a valid code line (a C source line with a blue dot displayed in the gutter or any instruction line in the about breakpoints, see the Using Breakpoints

Disassembly window). For more information

section on page 404.

Disassembly window. A

Enable/Disable Breakpoint Button

The Enable/Disable Breakpoint button activates or deactivates the existing breakpoint at the line containing the cursor in the active file or the indicates an enabled breakpoint; a white octagon indicates a disabled breakpoint. For more information about breakpoints, see the Using Breakpoints

Disassembly window . A red octagon

section on page 404.

Remove All Breakpoints Button

The Remove All Breakpoints button deletes all breakpoints in the currently loaded project. To deactivate breakpoints in your program, use the Disable All Breakpoints button.

Find Toolbar

The Find toolbar provides access to text search functions with the following controls:

•

Find in Files Button – see page 30

•

Find Field – see page 31

Figure 18. Find Toolbar

Find in Files Button

This button opens the Find in Files dialog box, allowing you to search for text in multiple files.

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Find Field

T o locate text in the active file, enter the text in the Find field and press the Enter key. The search term is highlighted in the file. To search again, press the

Enter key again.

Command Processor Toolbar

The Command Processor toolbar allows you to execute IDE and debugger commands with the following controls:

•

Run Command Button – see page 31

•

Stop Command Button – see page 31

•

Command Field – see page 31

Figure 19. Command Processor Toolbar

See the Supported Script File Commands mands.

section on page 495 for a list of supported com-

Run Command Button

The Run Command button executes the command in the Command field. Output from the execution of the command is displayed in the

Command tab of the Output window.

Stop Command Button

The Stop Command button stops any currently running commands.

Command Field

The Command field allows you to enter a new command. Click the Run Command button or press the mand is displayed in the

To modify the width of the

1. Select

2. Click in the

Enter key to execute the command. Output from the execution of the com-

Command tab of the Output window.

Command field, perform the following tasks:

Customize from the Tools menu.

Command field. A hatched rectangle highlights the Command field.

3. Use your mouse to select and drag the side of the hatched rectangle. The new size of

Command field is saved with the project settings.

the

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Bookmarks Toolbar

The Bookmarks toolbar allows you to set, remove, and find bookmarks with the following buttons:

•

Set Bookmark Button – see page 32

•

Next Bookmark Button – see page 32

•

Previous Bookmark Button – see page 32

•

Delete Bookmarks Button – see page 32

Figure 20. Bookmarks Toolbar

This toolbar is not displayed in the default IDE window.

Set Bookmark Button

Click the Set Bookmark button to insert a bookmark in the active file for the line at which your cursor is located.

Next Bookmark Button

Click the Next Bookmark button to position the cursor at the line at which the next bookmark in the active file is located.

Previous Bookmark Button

Click the Previous Bookmark button to position the cursor at the line at which the next bookmark in the active file is located.

Delete Bookmarks Button

Click the Delete Bookmarks button to remove all of the bookmarks in the currently loaded project.

Debug Toolbar

The Debug toolbar allows you to perform debugger functions with the followi ng buttons:

•

Download Code Button – see page 33

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

•

Note:

Verify Download Button – see page 34

•

Reset Button – see page 34

•

Stop Debugging Button – see page 35

•

Go Button – see page 35

•

Run to Cursor Button – see page 35

•

Break Button – see page 35

•

Step Into Button – see page 35

•

Step Over Button – see page 36

•

Step Out Button – see page 36

•

Set Next Instruction Button – see page 36

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

•

Insert/Remove Breakpoint Button – see page 30

•

Enable/Disable Breakpoint Button – see page 30

•

Disable All Breakpoints Button – see page 36

•

Remove All Breakpoints Button – see page 36

Figure 21. The Debug Toolbar

Download Code Button

The current code on the target is overwritten.

Download Code but-

If ZDS II is not in process is executed:

1. Initializes the communication to the target hardware.

2. Resets the device with a hardware reset by driving pin #2 of the debug header low.

UM013037-1212 Debug Toolbar

Debug mode when the Download Code button is clicked, the following

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

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User Manual

3. Configures the device using the settings in the Configure Target dialog box.

4. Downloads the program.

5. Issues a software reset through the debug header serial interface.

6. Configures and executes the debugger options selected in the

Options dialog box. If it is a C project, ZDS II resets to the main function if it is

Debugger tab of the

found.

If ZDS II is already in

Debug mode when the Download Code button is clicked, the fol-

lowing process is executed:

1. Resets the device using a software reset.

2. Downloads the program.

You might need to reset the device before execution because the program counter might have been changed after the download.

Verify Download Button

The Verify Download button determines download correctness by comparing executable file contents to target memory.

Reset Button

Click the Reset button in the Build or Debug toolbar to reset the program counter to the beginning of the program.

If ZDS II is not in

Debug mode, the Reset button starts a debug session using the follow-

ing process:

1. Initializes the communication to the target hardware.

2. Resets the device.

3. Configures the device using the settings in the

Configure Target dialog box.

4. Downloads the program.

5. Configures and executes the debugger options selected in the

Options dialog box. If it is a C project, ZDS II resets to the main function if it is

Debugger tab of the

found.

If ZDS II is already in

Debug mode, the Reset button uses the following process:

1. ZDS II performs a hardware reset.

2. Configures the device using the settings in the

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

Configure Target dialog box.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

3. If files have been modified, ZDS II asks, “Would you like to rebuild the project?”

before downloading the modified program. If there has been no file modification, the code is not reloaded.

For the Serial Smart Cable, ZDS II performs an on-chip debugger reset.

Stop Debugging Button

The Stop Debugging button ends the current debug session.

To stop program execution, click the

Break button.

Go Button

Click the Go button to execute project code from the current program counter. If not in

Debug mode when the Go button is clicked, the following process is executed:

1. Initializes the communication to the target hardware.

2. Resets the device.

3. Configures the device using the settings in the

Configure Target dialog box.

4. Downloads the program.

5. Configures and executes the debugger options selected in the

Options dialog box. If it is a C project, ZDS II resets to the main function if it is

Debugger tab of the

found.

6. Executes the program from the reset location.

Run to Cursor Button

The Run to Cursor button executes the program code from the current program counter to the line containing the cursor in the active file or the must be placed on a valid code line (a C source line with a blue dot displayed in the gutter or any instruction line in the

Disassembly window).

Disassembly window. The cursor

Break Button

The Break button stops program execution at the current program counter.

Step Into Button

The Step Into button executes one statement or instruction from the current program counter, following the execution into function calls. When complete, the program counter resides at the next program statement or instruction unless a function was entered, in which case the program counter resides at the first statement or instruction in the function.

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Step Over Button

The Step Over button executes one statement or instruction from the current program counter without following the execution into function calls. When complete, the program counter resides at the next program statement or instruction.

Step Out Button

The Step Out button executes the remaining statements or instructions in the current function and returns to the statement or instruction following the call to the current function.

Set Next Instruction Button

The Set Next Instruction button sets the program counter to the line containing the cursor in the active file or the

Insert/Remove Breakpoint Button

Disassembly window.

The Insert/Remove Breakpoint button sets a new breakpoint or removes an existing breakpoint at the line containing the cursor in the active file or the A breakpoint must be placed on a valid code li ne (a C source line with a blue dot displayed in the gutter or any instruction line in the about breakpoints, see the Using Breakpoints

Disassembly window). For more information

section on page 404.

Disassembly window.

Enable/Disable Breakpoint Button

Disassembly window . A red octagon

section on page 404.

Disable All Breakpoints Button

The Disable All Breakpoints button deactivates all breakpoints in the currently loaded project. To delete breakpoints from your program, use the ton.

Remove All Breakpoints but-

Remove All Breakpoints Button

The Remove All Breakpoints button deletes all breakpoints in the currently loaded project. To deactivate breakpoints in your program, use the

Disable All Breakpoints button.

Debug Windows Toolbar

The Debug Windows toolbar allows you to display the Debug windows with the following buttons:

•

Registers Window Button – see page 37

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

•

Special Function Registers Window Button – see page 37

•

Clock Window Button – see page 37

•

Memory Window Button – see page 37

•

Watch Window Button – see page 37

•

Locals Window Button – see page 38

•

Call Stack Window Button – see page 38

•

Symbols Window Button – see page 38

•

Disassembly Window Button – see page 38

•

Simulated UART Output Window Button – see page 38

User Manual

Figure 22. Debug Windows Toolbar

Registers Window Button

The Registers Window button displays or hides the Registers window. This window is described in the Registers Window

section on page 388.

Special Function Registers Window Button

The Special Function Registers Wind ow button displays or hides the Special Fu nction

Registers

section on page 389.

window. This window is described in the Special Function Registers Window

Clock Window Button

The Clock Window button displays or hides the Clock window . This window is described in the Clock Window

section on page 390.

Memory Window Button

The Memory Window button displays or hides the Memory window. This window is described in the Memory Window

section on page 391.

Watch Window Button

The Watch Window button displays or hides the Watch window. This window is described in the Watch Window

UM013037-1212 Debug Windows Toolbar

section on page 397.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Locals Window Button

The Locals Window button displays or hides the Locals window. This window is described in the Locals Window

Call Stack Window Button

The Call Stack Window button displays or hides the Call Stack window. This window is described in the Call Stack Window

Symbols Window Button

The Symbols Window button displays or hides the Symbols window. This window is described in the Symbols Window

Disassembly Window Button

section on page 399.

section on page 400.

section on page 401.

Windows

Project Workspace Window

The Disassembly Window button displays or hides the Disassembly window. This win- dow is described in the Disassembly Window

section on page 402.

Simulated UART Output Window Button

The Simulated UART Output Window button displays or hides the Simulated UART

Output

tion on page 403.

The following ZDS II windows allow you to see various aspects of the tools while working with your project:

•

The Project Workspace window on the left side of the developer’s environment allows you to view your project files.

window. This window is described in the Simulated UART Output Window sec-

Project Workspace Window – see page 38 Edit Window – see page 40 Output Windows – see page 44

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

Figure 23. Project Workspace Window for Standard Projects

Figure 24. Project Workspace Window for Assembly Only Projects

The Project Workspace window provides access to related functions using context menus. To access context menus, right-click a file or folder in the window. Depending on

UM013037-1212 Project Workspace Window

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

which file or folder is highlighted, the context menu allows you to perform the following tasks:

•

Dock the Project Workspace window

•

Hide the Project Workspace window

•

Add files to the project

•

Remove the highlighted file from the project

•

Build project files or external dependencies

•

Assemble or compile the highlighted file

•

Undock the Project Workspace window, allowing it to float in the Edit window

Edit Window

The Edit window on the right side of the developer’s environment allows you to edit the files in your project.

Figure 25. Edit Window

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

The Edit window supports the shortcuts listed in Table 35.

Table 35. Edit Window Shortcuts

Shortcuts Function

Ctrl + Z Undo Ctrl + Y Redo Ctrl + X Cut Ctrl + C Copy Ctrl + V Paste Ctrl + F Find F3 Repeat the previous search Ctrl + G Go to Ctrl + E

Ctrl + ]

Go to matching { or }.  Place your cursor at the right or left of an opening or closing brace and press Ctrl + E or Ctrl +] to move the cursor to the matching opening or closing brace.

User Manual

This section covers the following topics:

•

Using the Context Menus – see page 41

•

Using Bookmarks – see page 42

Using the Context Menus

There are two context menus in the Edit window, depending on where you click. When you right-click in a file, the context menu allows you to perform the following actions (depending on whether you are running in

•

Cut, copy, and paste text

•

Show white space

•

Go to the Disassembly window

•

Show the program counter

•

Insert, edit, enable, disable, or remove breakpoints

•

Reset the debugger

•

Stop debugging

•

Start or continue running the program (Go)

•

Run to the cursor

Debug mode):

UM013037-1212 Edit Window

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

•

Pause the debugging (Break)

•

Step into, over, or out of program instructions

•

Set the next instruction at the current line

•

Insert or remove bookmarks (see the Using Bookmarks section on page 42)

When you right-click outside of all files, the context menu allows you to perform the following tasks:

•

Show or hide the output windows, Project Workspace window, status bar, File tool-

Build toolbar, Find toolbar, Command Processor toolbar, Debug toolbar,

bar,

Debug Windows toolbar

•

Toggle Workbook Mode When in

the

•

Customize the buttons and toolbars

Workbook mode, each open file has an associated tab along the bottom of

Edit windows area.

Using Bookmarks

A bookmark is a marker that identifies a position within a file. Bookmarks appear as cyan boxes in the gutter portion (left) of the file window. The cursor can be quickly positioned on a lines containing bookmarks.

Figure 26. Bookmark Example

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User Manual

To insert a bookmark, position the cursor on the appropriate line of the active file and perform one of the following actions:

•

Right-click in the Edit window and select Insert Bookmark from the resulting context menu.

•

Select Toggle Bookmark from the Edit menu.

•

Type Ctrl+F2.

Figure 27. Inserting a Bookmark

To remove a bookmark, position the cursor on the line of the active file containing the bookmark to be removed and perform one of the following actions:

•

Right-click in the Edit window and select Remove Bookmark from the resulting context menu.

•

Select Toggle Bookmark from the Edit menu.

UM013037-1212 Edit Window

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

•

Type Ctrl+F2.

To remove all bookmarks in the active file, right-click in the

Remove Bookmarks from the resulting context menu.

To remove all bookmarks in the current project, select

Edit menu.

T o position the cursor at the next bookmark in the active file, perform one of the following actions:

•

Right-click in the Edit window and select Next Bookmark from the resulting context menu.

•

Select Next Bookmark from the Edit menu.

•

Press the F2 key. The cursor moves forward through the file, starting at its current position and begin-

ning again when the end of file is reached, until a bookmark is encountered. If no bookmarks are set in the active file, this function has no effect.

To position the cursor at the previous bookmark in the active file, perform one of the following actions:

•

Right-click in the Edit window and select Previous Bookmark from the resulting context menu.

•

Select Previous Bookmark from the Edit menu.

Edit window and select

Remove All Bookmarks from the

•

Press Shift+F2. The cursor moves backwards through the file, starting at its current position and start-

ing again at the end of the file when the file beginning is reached, until a bookmark is encountered. If no bookmarks are set in the active file, this function has no effect.

Output Windows

The Output windows display output, errors, and other feedback from various components of the Integrated Development Environment.

Select one of the tabs at the bottom of the Output windows:

•

Build Output Window – see page 45

•

Debug Output Window – see page 45

•

Find in Files Output Windows – see page 45

•

Message Output Window – see page 46

•

Command Output Window – see page 46

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

Output window to select one of following the

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

To dock the Output window with another window, click and hold the window’s grip bar and then move the window.

Double-click the window’s grip bar to cause it to become a floating window. Double-click the floating window’s title bar to change it to a dockable window.

Use the context menu to copy text from or to delete all text in the

Output window.

Build Output Window

The Build Output window holds all text messages generated by the compiler, assembler, librarian, and linker, including error and warning messages.

Figure 28. Build Output Window

Debug Output Window

The Debug Output window holds all text messages generated by the debugger while you

Debug mode. The Debug Output window also displays the chip revision identifier

are in and the Smart Cable firmware version.

Figure 29. Debug Output Window

Find in Files Output Windows

The two Find in Files Output windows display the results of the Find in Files command (available from the when the

Find in Files

UM013037-1212 Output Windows

Output to Pane 2 checkbox is selected in the Find in File dialog box (see the

section on page 60).

Edit menu and the Find toolbar). The File in Files 2 window is used

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Figure 30. Find in Files Output Window

Figure 31. Find in Files 2 Output Window

Message Output Window

The Message Output window holds informational messages intended for the user. The

Message Output window is activated (given focus) when error messages are added to the

window’s display. Warning and informational messages do not automatically activate the

Message Output window .

Figure 32. Message Output Window

Command Output Window

The Command Output window holds the output from the execution of commands.

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

Menu Bar

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

Figure 33. Command Output Window

The menu bar lists menu items that you use in the Z8 Encore! developer’s environment. Each menu bar item, when selected, displays a list of selection items. If an option on a menu item ends with an ellipsis (...), selecting the option displays a dialog box. The following items are listed on the menu bar:

•

File Menu – see page 47

•

Edit Menu – see page 57

•

Vi ew Menu – see page 65

•

Project Menu – see page 66

•

Build Menu – see page 117

•

Debug Menu – see page 121

•

Tools Menu – see page 125

•

Window Menu – see page 145

•

Help Menu – see page 145

File Menu

The File menu enables you to perform basic commands in the developer’s environment:

•

New File – see page 48

•

Open File – see page 48

•

Close File – see page 49

•

New Project – see page 49

•

Open Project – see page 53

•

Save Project – see page 54

•

Close Project – see page 55

UM013037-1212 Menu Bar

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

•

Save – see page 55

•

Save As – see page 55

•

Save All – see page 56

•

Print – see page 56

•

Print Preview – see page 56

•

Print Setup – see page 57

•

Recent Files – see page 57

•

Recent Projects – see page 57

•

Exit – see page 57

New File

Select New File from the File menu to create a new file in the Edit window.

Open File

Select Open File from the File menu to display the Open dialog box, which allows you to open the files for your project.

Figure 34. Open Dialog Box

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

User Manual

To delete a file from your project, use the Open Project dialog box. Highlight the file and press the Delete key. Answer the prompt accordingly.

Close File

Select Close File from the File menu to close the selected file.

New Project

To create a new project, perform the following tasks:

1. Select

2. From the

New Project from the File menu. The New Project dialog box is displayed.

Figure 35. New Project Dialog Box

New Project dialog box, click the Browse button ( ) to navigate to the

directory in which you want to save your project. The box is displayed.

Select Project Name dialog

UM013037-1212 File Menu

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

User Manual

Figure 36. Select Project Name Dialog Box

3. Use the Look In drop-down list box to navigate to the directory in which you want to

save your project.

4. In the

File Name field, enter the name of your project. You do not have to type the

extension

.zdsproj. The extension is added automatically.

The following characters cannot be used in a project name: ( ) $ , . - + [ ] ' &

5. Click

6. In the

Select to return to the New Project dialog box.

Project Type field, select Standard for a project that will include C language

source code. Select

Assembly Only for a project that will include only assembly

source code.

7. In the

8. In the

9. In the

CPU Family drop-down list box, select a product family. CPU drop-down list box, select a CPU. Build Type drop-down list box, select Executable to build an application or

select

Static Library to build a static library.

The default is more information, see the Linker: Output Page

Executable, which creates an IEEE 695 executable format (.lod). For

section on page 107.

10. Click

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

Continue to change the default project settings using the New Project Wizard.

To accept all default settings, click

Finish.

For static libraries, click Finish.

Note:

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

For a Standard project, the

New Project Wizard dialog box is displayed. For Assem-

bly-Only executable projects, continue to step 12.

Figure 37. New Project Dialog Box, Build Options

11. Select whether your project is linked to the standard C start-up module, C run-time

library, and floating-point library; select a small or large memory model (see the

Memory Models

section on page 199); select static or dynamic frames (see the Call

Frames section on page 200); and click Next.

For executable projects, the Target and Debug T ool Selection step of the

Wizard

UM013037-1212 File Menu

dialog box is displayed.

New Project

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

User Manual

Figure 38. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Target and Debug Tool Selection

12. Select the Use Page Erase Before Flashing checkbox if you want the internal Flash

to be page-erased. Deselect this checkbox if you want the internal Flash to be masserased.

13. Select the appropriate target from the Target list box.

14. Click

Setup in the Target area. Refer to the Setup section on page 111 for details on

configuring a target.

Click Add to create a new target (see the Add section on page 112) or click Copy to copy an existing target (see the Copy section on page 113).

15. Select the appropriate debug tool and (if you have not selected the Simulator) click

Setup in the Debug Tool area. Refer to the Debug Tool section on page 114 for

details about the available debug tools and how to configure them.

16. Click

Next. The Tar get Memory Configuration step of the New Project Wizard dialog

box is displayed.

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

Figure 39. New Project Wizard Dialog Box, Target Memory Configuration

17. Enter the memory ranges appropriate for the target CPU.

18. Click

Finish.

Open Project

To open an existing project, use the following procedure:

1. Select

Open Project from the File menu. The Open Project dialog box is displayed.

UM013037-1212 File Menu

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Notes:

Note:

User Manual

Figure 40. Open Project Dialog Box

2. Use the Look In drop-down list box to navigate to the appropriate directory in which

your project is located.

3. Select the project to be opened.

4. Click

Open to open to open your project.

T o quickly open a project you were working in recently , see the Recent Projects section on page 57.



To delete a project file, use the

Open Project dialog box. Highlight the file and press the

Delete key. Answer the prompt accordingly.

Save Project

Select Save Project from the File menu to save the currently active project. By default, project files and configuration information are saved in a file named <project name>

.zdsproj. An alternate file extension is used if provided when the project is cre-

ated.

The <project name>.zdsproj.file contains all project data. If deleted, the project is no longer available.

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User Manual

If the Save/Restore Project Workspace checkbox is selected (see the Options: General

Tab section on page 137), a file named <project name>.wsp is also created or updated

with workspace information such as window locations and bookmark details. The

.wsp

file supplements the project information. If it is deleted, the last known workspace data is lost, but this does not affect or harm the project.

Close Project

Select Close Project from the File menu to close the currently active project.

Save

Select Save from the File menu to save the active file.

Save As

To save a selected file with a new name, perform the following steps:

1. Select

2. Use the

Save As from the File menu. The Save As dialog box is displayed.

Figure 41. Save As Dialog Box

Save In drop-down list box to navigate to the appropriate folder.

3. Enter the new file name in the

File Name field.

4. Use the

5. Click

UM013037-1212 File Menu

Save as Type drop-down list box to select the file type.

Save. A copy of the file is saved with the name you entered.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Save All

Select Save All from the File menu to save all open files and the currently loaded project.

Select Print from the File menu to print the active file.

Print Preview

Select Print Preview from the File menu to display the file you want to print in Preview mode in a new window.

1. In the

2. From the

Edit window, highlight the file you want to show a Print Preview.

File menu, select Print Preview. The file is shown in Print Preview in a new

window. As shown in Figure 42,

main.c is in Print Preview mode.

Figure 42. Print Preview Window

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

3. To print the file, click Print.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

To cancel the print preview, click window.

Print Setup

Select Print Setup from the File menu to display the Print Setup dialog box, which allows you to determine the printer’s setup before you print the file.

Recent Files

Select Recent Files from the File menu and then select a file from the resulting submenu to open a recently opened file.

Recent Projects

Select Recent Projects from the File menu and then select a project file from the resulting submenu to quickly open a recently opened project.

Exit

Select Exit from the File menu to exit the application.

Close. The file returns to its edit mode in the Edit

Edit Menu

The Edit menu provides access to basic editing, text search, and breakpoint and bookmark manipulation features. The following options are available:

•

Undo – see page 58

•

Redo – see page 58

•

Cut – see page 58

•

Copy – see page 58

•

Paste – see page 58

•

Delete – see page 58

•

Select All – see page 58

•

Show Whitespaces – see page 58

•

Find – see page 59

•

Find Again – see page 59

•

Find in Files – see page 60

•

Replace – see page 61

UM013037-1212 Edit Menu

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

•

Go to Line – see page 61

•

Manage Breakpoints – see page 62

•

Manage Abbreviations – see page 63

•

Toggle Bookmark – see page 65

•

Next Bookmark – see page 65

•

Previous Bookmark – see page 65

•

Remove All Bookmarks – see page 65

Undo

Select Undo from the Edit menu to undo the last edit made to the active file.

Redo

Select Redo from the Edit menu to redo the last edit made to the active file.

Cut

Select Cut from the Edit menu to delete selected text from the active file and put it on the Windows clipboard.

Copy

Select Copy from the Edit menu to copy selected text from the active file and put it on the Windows clipboard.

Paste

Select Paste from the Edit menu to paste the current contents of the clipboard into the active file at the current cursor position.

Delete

Select Delete from the Edit menu to delete selected text from the active file.

Select All

Choose Select All from the Edit menu to highlight all text in the active file.

Show Whitespaces

Select Show Whitespaces from the Edit menu to display all white-space characters such as spaces and tabs in the active file.

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

Find

To find text in the active file, use the following procedure:

User Manual

1. Select

2. Enter the text to search for in the

Find from the Edit menu. The Find dialog box is displayed.

Figure 43. Find Dialog Box

Find What field or select a recent entry from the

Find What drop-down list box. (By default, the currently selected text in a source file

or the text in which your cursor is located in a source file is displayed in the

What

field.)

3. Select the

Match Whole Word Only checkbox if you want to ignore the search text

when it occurs as part of longer words.

4. Select the

Match Case checkbox if you want the search to be case-sensitive

Find

5. Select the

6. Select the direction of the search with the

7. Click

Regular Expression checkbox if you want to use regular expressions.

Up or Down button.

Find Next to jump to the next occurrence of the search text or click Mark All to

display a cyan box next to each line containing the search text.

After clicking Find Next, the dialog box closes. You can press the F3 key or use the Find

Again

command to find the next occurrence of the search term without displaying the Find

dialog box again.

Find Again

Select Find Again from the Edit menu to continue searching in the active file for text previously entered in the

UM013037-1212 Edit Menu

Find dialog box.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

User Manual

Find in Files

This function searches the contents of the files on disk; therefore, unsaved data in open files are not searched.

To find text in multiple files, use the following procedure:

1. Select

2. Enter the text to search for in the

Find in Files from the Edit menu. The Find in Files dialog box is displayed.

Figure 44. Find in Files Dialog Box

Find field or select a recent entry from the Find

drop-down list box. (If you select text in a source file before displaying the log box, the text is displayed in the

3. Select or enter the file type(s) to search for in the

Find field.)

In File Types drop-down list box.

Separate multiple file types with semicolons.

4. Use the

Browse button ( ) or the In Folder drop-down list box to select the loca-

tion of the files that you want to search.

Find dia-

5. Select the

Match Whole Word Only checkbox if you want to ignore the search text

when it occurs as part of longer words.

6. Select the

7. Select the

8. Select the

Find in Files 2 Output window. If this button is not selected, the search results are

displayed in the

9. Click

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

Match Case checkbox if you want the search to be case-sensitive. Look in Subfolders checkbox if you want to search within subfolders. Output to Pane 2 checkbox if you want the search results displayed in the

Find in Files Output window.

Find to start the search.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Replace

To find and replace text in an active file, use the following procedure:

User Manual

1. Select

2. Enter the text to search for in the

Replace from the Edit menu. The Replace dialog box is displayed.

Figure 45. Replace Dialog Box

Find What field or select a recent entry from the

Find What drop-down list box. (By default, the currently selected text in a source file

or the text in which your cursor is located in a source file is displayed in the

What

field.)

3. Enter the replacement text in the

Replace With drop-down list box.

4. Select the

Match Whole Word Only checkbox if you want to ignore the search text

Replace With field or select a recent entry from the

when it occurs as part of longer words.

Find

5. Select the

6. Select the

Match Case checkbox if you want the search to be case-sensitive. Regular Expression checkbox if you want to use regular expressions.

7. Select whether you want the text to be replaced in text currently selected or in the

whole file.

8. Click

Find Next to jump to the next occurrence of the search text and then click

Replace to replace the highlighted text or click Replace All to automatically replace

all instances of the search text.

Go to Line

To position the cursor at a specific line in the active file, select Go to Line from the Edit menu to display the

UM013037-1212 Edit Menu

Go to Line Number dialog box.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Enter the appropriate line number in the edit field and click Go To.

Manage Breakpoints

To view, go to, or remove breakpoints, select Manage Breakpoints from the Edit menu. You can access the dialog box during

Figure 46. Go to Line Number Dialog Box

Debug mode and Edit mode.

Figure 47. Breakpoints Dialog Box

Breakpoints dialog box, shown in Figure 47, lists all existing breakpoints for the cur -

The rently loaded project. A check mark in the box to the left of the breakpoint description indicates that the breakpoint is enabled. The remainder of this section describes the actionable features of the

Breakpoints dialog.

Go to Code

To move the cursor to a particular breakpoint you have set in a file, highlight the breakpoint in the

Breakpoints dialog box and click Go to Code.

Enable All

To make all listed breakpoints active, click

Enable All. Individual breakpoints can be

enabled by clicking in the box to the left of the breakpoint description. Enabled breakpoints are indicated by a check mark in the box to the left of the breakpoint description.

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

Disable All

Note:

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

To make all listed breakpoints inactive, click

Disable All. Individual breakpoints can be

disabled by clicking in the box to the left of the breakpoint description. Disabled breakpoints are indicated by an empty box to the left of the breakpoint description.

Remove

To delete a particular breakpoint, highlight the breakpoint in the and click

Remove.

Breakpoints dialog box

Remove All

To delete all of the listed breakpoints, click

Remove All.

For more information about breakpoints, see the Using Breakpoints section on page 404.

Manage Abbreviations

An abbreviation is a shortened word that can be assigned to an expansion. An expansion can be a single line of code, a code block or a comment section, such as a function/file header, and can even be a combination of code and comments. To learn more, see the

Abbreviations and Expansions

T o manage abbreviations, select

viations

dialog box is displayed as shown in Figure 48. The remainder of this section

briefly describes the actionable features of the

section on page 161.

Manage Abbreviations from the Edit menu. The Abbre-

Manage Abbreviations dialog.

UM013037-1212 Edit Menu

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

User Manual

Figure 48. Abbreviations Dialog Box

Abbreviation

Select an abbreviation from the abbreviation and expansion pair in the

Abbreviation: drop-down menu to display a current

Expansion: panel.

Add

Enter a new abbreviation in the segment that you wish to associate with this abbreviation into the

Add button to add the new abbreviation and expansion pair to the list of current abbre-

the

Abbreviation: drop-down menu, then enter the entire code

Expansion: panel. Click

viations.

Insert In File

Click the

Insert In File button to add an abbreviation and expansion pair to your codeset.

The expansion text will be inserted into the active open file at the current cursor position.

Remove

Click the

Remove button to delete an abbreviation and expansion pair from the list of cur-

rent abbreviations.

You cannot restore an abbreviation after it is deleted.

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

Save

Note:

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

Click the rent abbreviations.

Click the

Save button to save the new abbreviation and expansion pair to the list of cur-

Close button to close the dialog.

Toggle Bookmark

Select Toggle Bookmark from the Edit menu to insert a bookmark in the active file for the line in which your cursor is located or to remove the bookmark for the line in which your cursor is located.

Next Bookmark

Select Next Bookmark from the Edit menu to position the cursor at the line in which the next bookmark in the active file is located.

The search for the next bookmark does not stop at the end of the file; the next bookmark might be the first bookmark in the file.

Previous Bookmark

Select Previous Bookmark from the Edit menu to position the cursor at the line in which the previous bookmark in the active file is located.

The search for the previous bookmark does not stop at the beginning of the file; the previous bookmark might be the last bookmark in the file.

Remove All Bookmarks

Select Remove All Bookmarks from the Edit menu to delete all of the bookmarks in the currently loaded project.

View Menu

The V iew menu allows you to select the windows yo u want on the Z8 Encore! develo per’s environment.

The View menu contains these options:

•

Debug Windows – see page 66

UM013037-1212 View Menu

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

•

Workspace – see page 66

•

Output – see page 66

•

Stat us Bar – see page 66

Debug Windows

When you are in Debug mode (running the debugger), you can select any of the ten de bug windows. From the window.

The Debug Windows submenu contains the following elements:

•

Registers Window – see page 388

•

Special Function Registers Window – see page 389

•

Clock Window – see page 390

View menu, select Debug Windows and then the appropriate debug

•

Memory Window – see page 391

•

Watch Window – see page 397

•

Locals Window – see page 399

•

Call Stack Window – see page 400

•

Symbols Window – see page 401

•

Disassembly Window – see page 402

•

Simulated UART Output Window – see page 403

Workspace

Select Workspace from the View menu to display or hide the Project Workspace window.

Output

Select Output from the View menu to display or hide the Output windows.

Status Bar

Select Status Bar from the View menu to display or hide the status bar, which resides beneath the Output windows.

Project Menu

The Project menu allows you to add to your project, remove files from your project, set configurations for your project, and export a make file.

Using the Integrated Development Environment UM013037-1212

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

The Project menu contains the following options:

•

Add Files – see page 67

•

Remove Selected File(s) – see page 67

•

Settings – see page 68

•

Export Makefile – see page 116

Add Files

To add files to your project, use the following procedure:

User Manual

1. From the

played.

2. Use the

the files you want to add are saved.

Project menu, select Add Files. The Add Files to Project dialog box is dis-

Figure 49. Add Files to Project Dialog Box

Look In drop-down list box to navigate to the appropriate directory in which

3. Click the file you want to add or highlight multiple files by clicking on each file while

holding down the Shift or Ctrl key.

4. Click

Add to add these files to your project.

Remove Selected File(s)

Select Remove Selected File(s) from the Project menu to delete highlighted files in the

Project Workspace window.

UM013037-1212 Project Menu

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

User Manual

Settings

Select Settings from the Project menu to display the Project Settings dialog box, which allows you to change your active configuration as well as set up your project.

Select the active configuration for the project in the upper left corner of the Release configurations are predefined. For more informa tion a bout proje ct co nfig uratio ns such as adding your own configuration, see the

118. The Project Settings dialog box features a number of different pages you must use to set

up the project:

•

General Page – see page 69

•

Assembler Page – see page 71

•

C: Code Generation Page – see page 74 (not available for Assembly Only projects)

•

C: Listing Files Page – see page 78 (not available for Assembly Only projects)

•

C: Preprocessor Page – see page 80 (not available for Assembly Only projects)

•

C: Advanced Page – see page 82 (not available for Assembly Only projects)

•

C: Deprecated Page – see page 86 (not available for Assembly Only projects)

•

Librarian Page – see page 91 (available for Static Library projects only)

•

ZSL Page – see page 92 (not available for Assembly Only projects)

•

Linker: Commands Page – see page 94 (available for Executable projects only)

•

Linker: Objects and Libraries Page

only)

Project Settings

dialog box. For your convenience, the Debug a nd

– see page 98 (available for Executable projects

Configuration

Set Active Configuration

drop-down list box in the

section on page

•

Linker: Address Spaces Page – see page 103 (available for Executable projects only)

•

Linker: Warnings Page – see page 106 (available for Executable projects only)

•

Linker: Output Page – see page 107 (available for Executable projects only)

•

Debugger Page – see page 110 (available for Executable projects only)

Project Settings dialog box provides various project configuration pages that can be

The accessed by selecting the page name in the pane on the left side of the dialog box. There are several pages grouped together for the C (Compiler) and Linker that allow you to set up subsettings for those tools.

If you change project settings that affect the build, the following message is displayed when you click

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OK to exit the Project Settings dialog box: “The project settings

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

have changed since the last build. Would you like to rebuild the affected files?” Click Yes to save and then rebuild the project.

General Page

From the Project Settings dialog box, select the General page. The options on the Gen-

eral

page are described in this section.

Figure 50. General Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box

CPU Family

CPU Family drop-down list box allows you to select the appropriate Z8 Encore! fam-

The ily. For a list of CPU families, see the Z8 Encore! Product Support

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section on page 3.

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

User Manual

CPU

The

CPU drop-down list box defines which CPU you want to define for the target. For a

list of CPUs, see the Z8 Encore! Product Support

section on page 3.

T o change the CPU for your project, select the appropriate CPU in the

CPU drop-down list

box.

Selecting a CPU does not automatically select include files for your C or assembly source code. Include files must be manually included in your code. Selecting a new CPU automatically updates the compiler preprocessor defines, assembler defines, and, where necessary, the linker address space ranges and selected debugger target based on the selected CPU.

Show Warnings

The

Show Warnings checkbox controls the display of warning messages during all

phases of the build. If the checkbox is enabled, warning messages from the assembler, compiler, librarian, and linker are displayed during the build. If the checkbox is disabled, all of these warnings are suppressed.

Generate Debug Information

Generate Debug Information checkbox makes the build generate debug informatio n

The that can be used by the debugger to allow symbolic debugging. Enable this option if you are planning to debug your code using the debugger. The checkbox enables debug information in the assembler, compiler, and linker.

Enabling this option usually increases your overall code size by a moderate amount for two reasons. First, if your code makes any calls to the C run-time libraries, the library version used is the one that was built using the Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging setting (see the Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging

section on page 77). Second, the generated code sets up the stack frame for every function in your own program. Many functions (those whose parameters and local variables are not too numerous and do not have their addresses taken in your code) would not otherwise require a stack frame in the Z8 Encore! architecture, so the code for these functions is slightly smaller if this checkbox is disabled.

This checkbox interacts with the Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging chec kbox on

Code Generation page (see the Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging section on

the page 77). When the debug information is always generated so that debugging can be performed. The

Debug Information Easier Debugging ging

checkbox is later deselected (even in a later ZDS II session), the Generate Debug

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Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging checkbox is selected,

Generate

checkbox is grayed out (disabled) when the Limit Optimizations for

checkbox is selected. If the Limit Optimizations for Easier Debug-

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

User Manual

Information checkbox returns to the setting it had before the Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging checkbox was selected.

Ignore Case of Symbols

When the

Ignore Case of Symbols checkbox is enabled, the assembler and linker ignore

the case of symbols when generating and linking code. This checkbox is occasionally needed when a project contains source files with case-insensitive labels. This checkbox is only available for Assembly Only projects with no C code.

Intermediate Files Directory

This directory specifies the location in which all intermediate files produced during the build will be located. These files include make files, object files, and generated assembly source files and listings that are generated from C source code. This field is provided primarily for the convenience of users who might want to delete these files after building a project, while retaining the built executable and other, more permanent files. Those files are placed into a separate directory specified in the

Output page (see the Linker: Output

Page section on page 107).

Assembler Page

In the Project Settings dialog box, select the Assembler page. The assembler uses the contents of the assembled.

The options on the

Assembler page to determine which options are to be applied to the files

Assembler page are described in this section.

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

Figure 51. Assembler Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box

Includes

The

Includes field allows you to specify the series of paths for the assembler to use when

searching for include files. The assembler first checks the current directory, then the paths in the

Includes field, and finally on the default ZDS II include directories.

The following is the ZDS II default include directory:

<ZDS Installation Directory>\include\std

In the above filepath, <ZDS Installation Directory> is the directory in which Zilog Developer Studio was installed. By default, this directory is:

C:\Program Files\Zilog\ZDSII_Z8Encore!_<version>

In the above filepath, <version> may be 4.11.0 or 5.0.0.

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Defines

The

Defines field is equivalent to placing <symbol> EQU <value> in your assembly source

code. It is useful for conditionally built code. Each defined symbol must have a corresponding value (<name>=<value>). Multiple symbols can be defined and must be separated by commas.

Generate Assembly Listing Files (.lst)

When selected, the

Generate Assembly Listing Files (.lst) checkbox tells the assembler

to create an assembly listing file for each assembly source code module. This file displays the assembly code and directives, as well as the hexadecimal addresses and op codes of the generated machine code. The assembly listing files are saved in the directory specified by the Intermediate

Files Directory field in the General page (see the Intermediate Files

Directory section on page 71). By default, this checkbox is selected.

Expand Macros

When selected, the

Expand Macros checkbox tells the assembler to expand macros in the

assembly listing file.

Page Width

When the assembler generates the listing file, the

Page Width field sets the maximum

number of characters on a line. The default is 80; the maximum width is 132.

Page Length

When the assembler generates the listing file, the

Page Length field sets the maximum

number of lines between page breaks. The default is 56.

Jump Optimization

When selected, the

Jump Optimization checkbox allows the assembler to replace relative

jump instructions (JR and DJNZ) with absolute jump instructions when the target label is either

•

outside of the +127 to –128 range For example, when the target is out of range, the assembler changes

DJNZ r0, lab

DJNZ r0, lab1 JR lab2 lab1:JP lab lab2:

•

external to the assembly file

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Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore!

Note:

User Manual

When the target label is external to the assembly file, the assembler always assumes that the target address is out of range.

It is usually preferable to allow the assembler to make these replacements because if the target of the jump is out of range, the assembler would otherwise not be able to generate correct code for the jump. However, if you are very concerned about monitoring the code size of your assembled application, you can deselect the You will then get an error message (from the assembler if the target label is in the same assembly file or from the linker if it is not) every time the assembler is unable to reach the target label with a relative jump. This might give you an opportunity to try to tune your code for greater efficiency.

The default is checked.

C: Code Generation Page

Jump Optimization checkbox.

For Assembly Only projects, the Code Generation page is not available.

The options in the

Code Generation page are described in this section.

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User Manual

Figure 52. Code Generation Page of the Project Settings Dialog Box

When this page is selected, the fundamental options related to code generation are shown at the bottom of the dialog box: Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging, Memory Model, and Frames. For convenience, three of the most commonly used combinations of these options can be obtained by clicking one of the radio buttons: Safest, Small and Debuggable, or Smallest Possible. When one of these radio button settings is selected, the fundamental options in the bottom of the dialog box are updated to show their new values, but they are not available for individual editing. To edit the fundamental options individually, select the

User Defined button. You can then update the fundamental settings to any

combination you prefer.

Safest

The Safest configuration sets the following values for the individual options: the

Optimizations for Easier Debugging

used, if available (see the Memory Model

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checkbox is selected; the large memory model is

section on page 77); the frames are dynamic.

Limit

Zilog Developer Studio II – Z8 Encore! User Manual

This is the safest possible configuration in that using the l ar ge model avoid s possi ble problems with running out of data space in the small model, and using dynamic frames avoids potential problems with static frames due to the use of recursion or function pointers. Also, because the optimizations are limited, you can proceed to debug your application with ease. However, this configuration definitely produces larger code than other combinations. Many users select this configuration initially when porting applications to Z8 Encore! so that they do not have to worry immediately about whether their projects can meet the requirements for using the small model or static frames. Particularly large and complex applications also often must use this configuration (perhaps deselecting the

Optimizations for Easier Debugging

Small and Debuggable

The Small and Debuggable configuration sets the following values for the individual options:

Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging checkbox is selected; the memory

model is small; the frames are static. This is the same as the Smallest Possible configuration, except that optimizations are reduced to allow easier debugging. The other caveats to using the Smallest Possible configuration also apply to this configuration. If you can meet the other restrictions required by the Smallest Possible configuration, you might find it useful to work with this configuration when you are debugging the code and then switch to the Smallest Possible configuration for a production build.

Limit

checkbox for production builds).

Smallest Possible

This configuration sets the following values for the individual options:

tions for Easier Debugging

checkbox is deselected; the memory model is small; the

Limit Optimiza-

frames are static. This configuration generates the smallest possible code size, but this configuration does not work for every project. It is your responsibility to make sure these settings will work for you.

There are three issues to be aware of. First, all optimizations are applied, which can make debugging somewhat confusing; if this becomes troublesome, try changing to the Small But Debuggable configuration. Second, the use of the small model restricts the amount of data space that is available, which could cause problems; see the Memory Models

section on page 199 for details. Third, static frames can only be used if your entire application obeys certain restrictions, which are described in the Call Frames

section on page 200.

User Defined

When the User Defined configuration is selected, the individual settings for the Limit Optimizations for Easier Debugging, Memory Model, and Frames options can be changed individually. This gives you the maximum freedom to set up your project as you choose and to experiment with all possible settings.

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Zilog Z8F0130 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Revision History

Table of Contents

List of Figures

List of Tables

Introduction

ZDS II System Requirements

Supported Operating Systems

Recommended Host System Configuration

Minimum Host System Configuration

When Using the Serial Smart Cable

When Using the USB Smart Cable

When Using the Opto-Isolated USB Smart Cable

When Using the Ethernet Smart Cable

When Using the Z8 Encore! MC Emulator

Z8 Encore! Product Support

Zilog Technical Support

Getting Started

Installing ZDS II

Developer’s Environment Tutorial

Create a New Project

Add a File to the Project

Set Up the Project

Save the Project

Using the Integrated Development Environment

Toolbars

File Toolbar

Build Toolbar

Find Toolbar

Command Processor Toolbar

Bookmarks Toolbar

Debug Toolbar

Debug Windows Toolbar

Windows

Project Workspace Window

Edit Window

Output Windows

Menu Bar

File Menu

Edit Menu

View Menu

Project Menu