Young 05305 User Manual

METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS

INSTRUCTIONS

WIND MONITOR-AQ

WITH 4-20mA OUTPUTS

MODEL 05305L

R.M. YOUNG COMPANY 2801 AERO PARK DRIVE, TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN 49686, USA

TEL: [phone] FAX: [phone] WEB: www.youngusa.com

P/N: 05305L-90

REV: G102811

MODEL 05305L

WIND MONITOR-AQ
with 4-20mA OUTPUTS

WIND SPEED SPECIFICATION SUMMARY

Range 0 to 50 m/s (112 mph)
Sensor 20 cm diameter 4-blade helicoid carbon

ber thermoplastic propeller, 30.7 cm air

passage per revolution
Distance Constant 2.1 m (6.9 ft.) for 63% recovery
Threshold Sensitivity 0.4 m/s (0.9 mph)
Transducer Centrally mounted stationary coil,
2K Ohm nominal DC resistance
Output Signal 4 to 20 mA = 0 to 100 m/s

INTRODUCTION

The Wind Monitor measures horizontal wind speed and direction.
Developed for air quality applications, it is accurate, sensitive, and
corrosion resistant. The main housing, nose cone, propeller, and
other internal parts are injection molded U.V. stabilized plastic. The
tail section is lightweight expanded polystyrene. Both the propeller
an d vert ica l s haft s use st ain less s t eel prec i sio n g rad e b all
bearings. Bearings have shields to help exclude contamination
and moisture.

Propeller rotation produces an AC sine wave signal with frequency
proportional to w ind spee d. Internal circuitry converts the raw
signal to 4 to 20 mA current output over specified wind speed
range.

Vane position is sensed by a 10K ohm precision conductive plastic
potentiometer. This signal is also converted to 4 to 20mA output.

The instrum en t mounts dire ct ly on a st an dard one in ch pipe,
outside diameter 34 mm (1.34"). An orientation ring is provided so
the instrument can be removed for maintenance and re-installed
without loss of wind direction reference. Both the sensor and the
orientation ring are secured to the mounting pipe by stainless steel
band clamps. Electrical connections are made in a junction box at
the base.

INITIAL CHECK-OUT

When the Wind Monitor is unpacked it should be checked carefully
for any signs of shipping damage.

Remove the plastic nut on the propeller shaft. Install the propeller
on the shaft with the serial number of the propeller facing forward
(into the wind). The instrument is aligned, balanced and fully
calibrated before shipment; however, it should be checked both
mechanically and electrically before installation. The vane and
propeller should easily rotate 360° without friction. Check vane
balanc e by ho lding the in strumen t base so t he van e surface
is ho rizon tal. I t sh ou ld h ave ne ar n eutral torque witho ut any
particular tendency to rotate. A slight imbalance will not degrade
performance.

WIND DIRECTION (AZIMUTH) SPECIFICATION SUMMARY

Range 360° mechanical, 355° electrical (5° open)
Sensor Balanced vane, 48.3 cm (19 in) turning radius.
Damping Ratio 0.45
Delay Distance 1.2 m (3.9 ft) for 50% recovery
Threshold Sensitivity 0.5 m/s (1.0 mph) at 10° displacement
Damped Natural
Wavelength 4.9 m (16.1 ft)
Undamped Natural
Wavelength 4.4 m (14.4 ft)
Transducer Precision conductive plastic potentiometer,

10K ohm resistance (±20%), 0.25%

linearity, life expectancy 50 million

revolutions, rated 1 watt at 40°C, 0 watts

at 125°C
Output Signal 4 to 20 mA for 0 to 360°

GENERAL

Power Requirement: 12 - 30 VDC
Operating Temp: -50 to 50°C (-58 to 122°F)

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INSTALLATION

Proper placement of the instrument is very important. Eddies from
trees, buildings, or other structures can greatly influence wind
speed and wind direction observations. To get meaningful data for
most applications, locate the instrument well above or upwind from
obstructions. As a general rule, the air ow around a structure is
disturbed to twice the height of the structure upwind, six times the
height downwind, and up to twice the height of the structure above
ground. For some applications it may not be practical or necessary
to meet these requirements.

FAILURE TO PROPERLY GROUND THE WIND MONITOR

MAY RESULT IN ERRONEOUS SIGNALS

OR TRANSDUCER DAMAGE.

Grounding the Wind Monitor is vitally important. Without proper
grounding, static ele ctrical ch arge can build up during certain
atmospheric conditions and discharge through the transducers.
This discharge may cause erroneous signals or transducer failure.
To direct the discharge away from the transducers, the mounting
post assembly in which the transducers are mounted is made with
a special anti-static plastic. It is important that the mounting post
be connected to a good earth ground. There are two ways this
may be accomplished. First, the Wind Monitor may be mounted

05305L-90(G)

on a metal pipe which is connected to earth ground. The mounting
pipe should not be painted where the Wind Monitor is mounted.
Towers or masts set in concrete should be connected to one or
more grounding rods. If it is difcult to ground the mounting post
in th is m anner, the follo wing method shoul d be use d. Ins ide
the jun ction bo x the screw labeled EART H GND i s intern ally
connected to the anti-static mounting post. This terminal should be
connected to an earth ground (Refer to wiring diagram).

Initial installation is most easily done with two people; one to adjust
the instrument position and the other to observe the indicating
device. After initial installation, the instrument can be removed
and returned to its mounting without re-aligning the vane since the
orientation ring preserves the wind direction reference. Install the
Wind Monitor following these steps:

Wind speed calibration is determined by propeller pitch and the
output characteri st ics of the transdu ce r. C al ibration formulas
showing wind speed vs. propeller rpm and output frequency are
included below. Standard accuracy is ± 0.2 m/s (0.4 mph). For
greater accuracy, the sensor must be individually calibrated in
comparison with a wind speed standard. Contact the factory or
your supplier to schedule a NIST (National Institute of Standards &
Technology) traceable wind tunnel calibration in our facility.

To calibrate wi nd sy st em electronics, temporarily remove th e
propeller and connect an Anemometer Drive (18802 or equivalent)
to th e p r opel l er s haf t . App l y t h e c alib r atio n fo rmul a t o th e
calibrating motor rpm and adjust the electronics for the proper
value. For example, with the propeller shaft turning at 3600 rpm,
adjust an indicator to display 18.4 m/s [3600 rpm x 0.00512 (m/s)/
rpm = 18.4 m/s.]

1. MOUNT WIND MONITOR
a) Place orientation ring on mounting post. Do Not tighten

band clamp yet. Orientat ion ring m ay b e omit ted wh en
portable tripod is used.

b) Place Wind Monitor on mounting post. Do Not tighten band

clamp yet.

2. CONNECT SENSOR CABLE.
a) Refer to wiring diagram located at back of manual.

3. ALIGN VANE
a) Connect instrument to indicator.
b) Choose a kn own w ind d ire ct ion r efere nce p oin t on th e

horizon.

c) Sighting down instrument centerline, point nose cone at

reference point on horizon.

d) While holding vane in position, slowly turn base until

indicator shows proper value.
e) Tighten mounting post band clamp.
f) Engage orientation ring indexing pin in notch at instrument

base.
g) Tighten orientation ring band clamp.

CALIBRATION

The Wind Monitor is fully calibrated before shipment and should
require no adjustm ents. Recalibration may be necessary a fter
some maintenance operations. Periodic calibration checks are
desirable and may be necessary where the instrument is used in
programs which require auditing of sensor performance.

Accurate wind direction calibration requires a Model 18112 Vane
Angle Bench Stand. Begin by connecting the instrument to a signal
conditioning circuit which has some method of indicating the wind
direction value. This may be a display which shows wind direction
values in angular degrees or simply a voltmeter monitoring the
output. O ri ent the b ase so th e junction box face s due south.
Visually align the vane with the crossmarkings and observe the
indicator output. If the vane position and indicator do not agree
within 5°, it may be necessary to adjust the potentiometer coupling
inside the main housing. Details for making this adjustment appear
in th e MA INTEN ANCE, POT ENTIO METER REP LACEMEN T,
outline, step 7.

It is important to note that while the sensor mechanically rotates
through 360 °, full sca le wind dir ection s ignal fr om the signal
conditioning occurs at 355°. The signal conditioning electronics
must be adjusted accordingly. For example, in a circuit where 4 to
20 mA represents 0° to 360°, the output must be adjusted for 19.8
mA when the instrument is at 355°. [((355°/360°) x 16 mA) + 4
mA].

05305L-90(G)

Details on checking bearing torque, which affects wind speed and
direction threshold, appear in the following section.

CALIBRATION FORMULAS

Model 05305L Wind Monitor w / 08254 Propeller

WIND SPEED vs PROPELLER RPM
m/s = 0.00512 x rpm
knots = 0.00995 x rpm
mph = 0.01145 x rpm
km/h = 0.01843 x rpm

WIND SPEED vs mA OUTPUT
m/s = ( 6.250 x mA)-25
knots = (12.125 x mA)-48.5
mph = (13.980 x mA)-56
km/h = (22.500 x mA)-90

WIND DIRECTION vs mA OUTPUT
DEGREES = (22.5 x mA)-90

MAINTENANCE

Given proper care, the Wind Monitor should provide years of
service. The only components likely to need replacement due to
normal wear are the precision ball bearings and the wind direction
potent io meter. On ly a qualifi ed ins trument techn ic ian sh ould
perform the replacement. If service facilities are not available,
return the instrument to the company. Refer to the drawings to
become fa miliar wit h part na me s and l oc ations. The a st erisk
* w hic h app ear s in the foll owi ng outl ine s is a r emi nde r that
maximum torque on all set screws is 80 oz-in.

POTENTIOMETER REPLACEMENT

The potentiometer has a life expectancy of fty million revolutions.
As it becomes worn, the eleme nt may be gin to pr oduce nois y
signals or become non-linear. When signal noise or non-linearity
beco mes u nacce pta ble , re pla ce the pote ntiom ete r. Refer t o
exploded view drawing and proceed as follows:

1. REMOVE MAIN HOUSING
a) Unscrew nose cone from main housing. Set o-ring aside for

later use.
b) Gently push main housing latch.
c) While pushing latch, lift main housing up and remove it from

vertical shaft bearing rotor.

2. UNSOLDER TRANSDUCER WIRE
a) Remove junction box cover, exposing circuit board.
b) Remove screws holding circuit board.
c) Unsolder three potentiometer wires (white, green, black),

two wind speed coil wires (red, black), and earth ground wire

(red) from board.

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3. REMOVE POTENTIOMETER
a) Loosen set screw on potentiometer coupling and remove it

from potentiometer adjust thumbwheel.

b) Loosen set screw on potentiometer adjust thumbwheel

and remove it from potentiometer shaft.

c) Loosen two set screws at base of transducer assembly

and remove assembly from vertical shaft.

d) Unscrew potentiometer housing from potentiometer

mounting & coil assembly.

e) Push potentiometer out of potentiometer mounting & coil

assembly by applying rm but gentle pressure on potentiometer
shaft.

4. INSTALL NEW POTENTIOMETER
a) Push new potentiometer into potentiometer mounting & coil

assembly.

b) Feed potentiometer and coil wires through hole in bottom

of potentiometer housing.

c) Screw potentiometer housing onto potentiometer

mounting & coil assembly.

d) Gently pull transducer wires through bottom of

potentiometer housing to take up any slack. Apply a
small amount of silicone sealant around hole.

e) Install transducer assembly on vertical shaft allowing 0.5

mm (0.020") clearance from vertical bearing. Tighten set
screws* at bottom of transducer assembly.

f) Place potentiometer adjust thumbwheel on potentiometer

shaft and tighten set screw*.

g) Place pote ntiom eter coupli ng o n po tenti ome ter adj ust

thumbwheel. Do Not tighten set screw yet.

5. RECONNECT TRANSDUCER WIRES
a) Using needle-nose pliers or a paper clip bent to form a small

hook, gently pull transducer wires through hole in junction
box.

b) Solder wires to circuit board according to wiring diagram.

Observe color code.

c) Sec ure c irc uit boar d in junct ion b ox usin g two scre ws

removed in step 2b. Do not overtighten.

FLANGE BEARING REPLACEMENT

If anemometer bearings become noisy or wind speed threshold
in c r eases abo v e an acce p t able leve l , be a r i ngs may n e ed
replacement. Check anemometer bearing condition using a Model
18310 Propeller Torque Disc. If necessary, bearings are replaced
as follows.

1. REMOVE OLD BEARINGS
a) Unscrew nose cone. Set o-ring aside for later use.
b) Loose n set sc rew o n m agn et sha ft colla r a nd remov e

magnet.
c) Slide propeller shaft out of nose cone assembly.
d) Remove front bearing cap which covers front bearing.
e) Remov e bot h f ron t and rear bear ings f rom nose cone

assembly. Insert edge of a pocket knife under bearing ange

and lift it out.

2. INSTALL NEW BEARINGS
a) Insert new front and rear bearings into nose cone.
b) Replace front bearing cap.
c) Carefully slide propeller shaft thru bearings.
d) Place magnet on propeller shaft allowing 0.5 mm (0.020")

clearance from rear bearing.
e) Tighten set screw* on magnet shaft collar.
f) Screw nose co ne i nto ma in hou sing unt il o -ring seal i s

seated. Be certain threads are properly engaged to avoid

cross-threading.

VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING REPLACEMENT

Vertical shaft be ar ings are much la rg er than the anem om eter
bearings. Ordinarily, these bearings will require replacement less
frequently than anemometer bearings. Check bearing condition
using a Model 18331 Vane Torque Gauge.

S i n c e t h is p r oc e du r e is s i m il a r t o P O TE N TI O ME T ER
REPLACEMENT, only the major steps are listed here.

6. REPLACE MAIN HOUSING
a) Place main housing over vertica l shaft bearing rotor. Be

care ful to a lign indexi ng k ey and c hanne l in the se t wo
assemblies.

b) Place main housing over vertical shaft bearing rotor until

potentiometer coupling is near top of main housing.

c) Turn potentiometer adjust thumbwheel until potentiometer

coupling is oriented to engage ridge in top of main housing.
Set screw on potentiometer coupling should be facing the
front opening.

d) Wit h potentiometer c ou pling properly or ie nted, continue

pushing main housing onto vertical shaft bearing rotor until
main housing latch locks into position with a “click”.

7. ALIGN VANE
a) Co nn e c t ex c i t a t i o n vo l t a g e an d si g n a l co n d i t i o n i n g

electronics to terminal strip according to wiring diagram.

b) With mounting post held in position so junction box is facing

due south, orient vane to a known angular reference. Details
appear in CALIBRATION section.

c) Re ach in th rou g h fr o n t of ma i n h o u s in g and tur n

potentiometer adjust thumbwheel until signal conditioning
system indicates proper value.

d) Tighten set screw* on potentiometer coupling.

8. REPLACE NOSE CONE
a) Screw n ose cone in to main h ou sing unti l o-ring se al is

seated. Be certain threads are properly engaged to avoid
cross-threading.

1. REMOVE MAIN HOUSING.

2. UNSOLDER TRANSDUCER WIRES AND REMOVE
TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY. Loosen set screws at base of
transducer assembly and remove entire assembly from vertical

shaft.

3. REMOVE VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING ROTOR by sliding it

upward off vertical shaft.

4. REMOVE OLD VERTICAL BEA RINGS AND INSTALL NEW

BEARINGS. When inserting new bearings, be careful not to
apply pressure to bearing shields.

5. REPLACE VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING ROTOR.

6. REPLACE TRANSDUCER & RECONNECT WIRES.

7. REPLACE MAIN HOUSING.

8. ALIGN VANE.

9. REPLACE NOSE CONE.

*Max set screw torque 80 oz-in

05305L-90(G)

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