Appendix C:Customer Maintenance Parts List
Appendix D:Dimensional Diagrams
INDEX
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
iii
INTRODUCTION
I.INTRODUCTION
1.1GENERAL OVERVIEW
This manual provides installation, parameter setting, calibration, maintenance and troubleshooting
instructions for the YEWFLO Vortex flowmeter. Also included are standard specifications, model code
definitions, dimensional drawings and a parts lists.
All YEWFLO’ s are shipped pre-configured for your application. Therefore, if you included correct
process conditions with your order, no electronic setup or parameter setting is required. For piping
and wiring connections, refer to the Installation section.
If your process conditions have changed since your order was placed, please refer to the ‘ QUICKSTART’ section which is designed to simplify configuration of the YEWFLO software parameters.
Please refer to the index for immediate access to a specific procedure or the glossary located at the end
of this manual for further information on a specific term.
If you have any questions concerning the YEWFLO you received, please contact your local Yokogawa
Industrial Automation Representative or our headquarters office in Newnan, GA at 770-254-0400.
If you have technical questions regarding the installation, operation, setup or application of a
YEWFLO, please contact our Technical Assistance Center (TAC) at 800-524-SERV.
Yokogawa has manufactured this instrument according to rigorous ISO 9000 quality standards. To
ensure quality performance we recommend referencing our YEWFLO sizing program to determine the
level at which your application should be run as well as a straight meter run of 20 diameters upstream
and 5 diameters downstream. In addition to these suggestions, please follow the instructions in this
manual carefully.
We are not responsible for any instrument’ s performance, if that instrument has not been properly
applied or installed in accordance with this manual, nor can we be responsible for the performance of
any instrument which has been modified or repaired by an unauthorized service center.
Note:Existing YEWFLO Style C vortex flowmeters may be upgraded to provide the features and benefits
of the New microprocessor-based Style "E" YEWFLO.
1.2PRINCIPLEOF OPERATION
1.2.1Vortex shedding
How many of you have seen a flag flapping in the breeze on a windy day? Everybody has. How many
of you have noticed that the flag flaps faster as the wind blows faster? Few haven’ t. When you see a
flag flapping in the breeze, you are witnessing the same phenomenon that makes a vortex flowmeter
work. The flapping frequency is proportional to the velocity of the wind, and it’ s linear! The flapping
is caused by a vortex alternately being created on either side of the flag, and moving downstream with
the wind. The vortex is a swirl of low pressure, like a tornado, that pulls the flag in the direction of the
vortex. The passing of alternating vortices down the length of the flag causes it to flap. The faster the
wind blows, the faster these vortices are created, and the faster the flag flaps. Frequency isproportional to velocity .
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 1
INTRODUCTION
The flapping flag is a familiar example of vortex shedding that everyone should be comfortable with.
Here’ s how it’ s used in a vortex flowmeter. A non-streamlined part (bluff body) is inserted in the flow
stream, this obstruction in the pipe causes vortices to be alternately created (shed). We call this part
the ‘ shedder bar’ . The shedder bar in a YEWFLO performs two functions, it creates the vortices, and
with the addition of our piezoelectric crystals senses them too. The crystals generate an alternating
voltage waveform whose frequency is proportional to fluid velocity. The rest of the magic is taken care
of in the electronics.
Figure 1.2.1: Karman Vortices
1.2.2K-factor
The most important fact about vortex shedding is that once the physical geometry, (pipe I.D., shedder
bar width, etc.), are fixed, the frequency vs. flowrate (K-factor (pulse/gallon)) is unaffected by
changes in viscosity, density or pressure over the operating range of the specific application. To
determine the operating range use the YEWFLO Sizing program. On the other hand, an orifice plate is
directly affected by changes in any of these parameters. There is a very small temperature effect due to
expansion or contraction of the shedder bar width, which is easily compensated. Therefore, the Kfactor created in our flow stand (all YEWFLOs are wet flow calibrated) on water, is accurate for gas
too! Not so with an orifice plate. The benefit here is simplified calculations, and fewer things thatcan effect accuracy .
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 2
Figure 1.2.2: Relationship between K-factor and Reynolds Numbers
INTRODUCTION
1.2.3Qmin
Those of you who haven’ t used many vortex flowmeters may be wondering, ‘ Why do we need to know
viscosity, density, pressure and temperature?’ . While the K-factor is unaffected by changes in
viscosity, density and pressure, the velocity at which vortices begin to be created and become stable
enough to measure accurately will vary. We refer to this velocity as Qmin, stated in desired flow units
GPM, SCFH, etc. Here’ s an example to help you understand. Let’ s go back to the flag example.
We’ ve all seen the flag flapping in the breeze; however, on some days we can feel the breeze blowing,
but the flag isn’ t flapping. Why not? For the flag to flap, there must be enough breeze blowing, or
energy, to lift the flag and create fully developed vortices. This is the same thing that happens in the
vortex flowmeter.
The higher the fluid viscosity, the higher the velocity (more energy) required to start vortex shedding.
On the other hand, the higher the density, the lower the velocity needed to start vortex shedding. In
gases, viscosity and density can vary with pressure and temperature. Sounds complicated, but
compared to an orifice plate it’ s quite simple. By using the YEWFLO sizing program, vortex meter
selection is simple. Simply enter the process conditions, the program will prompt you for them, and
presto, a performance table for all meter sizes is generated. This performance table will help you
select the best YEWFLO for the application.
1.2.4Uniquely vortex
Vortex shedding flowmeters measure flow digitally. This means, amplitude of the vortex signal is
unimportant. As long as the flow is above the Qmin threshold, only the presence or absence of a
vortex is important. Just like digital electronics, as long as the voltage is above or below a threshold
value, it is either on or off. Digital flow measurement means no zero drift or span shift . Orifice plate
flowmeters, for example, cannot make this claim, even if they are using microprocessor-based digital
D/P transmitters, they still measure the small amplitude of deflection caused by differential pressure,
and changes in temperature or pressure can shift zero and span.
1.2.5Vortex frequency
The YEWFLO uses piezoelectric crystals embedded in the shedder bar . Note that they are 1)
hermetically sealed, and 2) surrounded by a heavy wall thickness , to protect them from the
environment and the process. The positioning of the crystals is important. Although one crystal
primarily measures flow frequency, it unfortunately picks up some pipe vibration noise. The other
crystal is positioned such that it picks up primarily the pipe vibration noise. By electronically
subtracting these two signals, we are able to obtain a high signal to noise ratio for the flow signal .
The new Style "E" body design also improves the signal to noise ratio, by stiffening the shedder bar
mounting in the measurement plane, further isolating it from pipe vibration.
1.2.6Available outputs
After processing the digital vortex frequency as described above, what outputs can you get? You can
select either 4-20 mA output or voltage pulse, digital output. Output is selected by setting jumpers on
the amplifier board, and the setting the software for pulse or analog output. Analog output is twowire, and pulse output is a three-wire connection (for details see the wiring section). The pulse output
can be scaled over a range of 0-6000 Hz, down or up to maximize pulse resolution. Scaling up the
frequency output can be done to improve resolution. The pulse output is also capable of driving many
electromechanical totalizers directly without additional power.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 3
INTRODUCTION
1.3STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
NOTE: For special applications, please contact your local Yokogawa Industrial Automation representative to
discuss possible enhancements to these standard specifications.
Fluids to be measured: Liquid, gas or steam
Performance specifications:
Repeatability: 0.2% of reading
Accuracy and velocity range :
Fluid Accuracy: Pulse Output Accuracy: Analog OutputVelocity
Liquid ±0.8% of reading±0.8% of reading plusup to 32 ft/sec
Gas or ±0.8% of reading±0.8% of reading plusup to 115 ft/sec
Steam±0.1% of full scale
±1.5% of reading±1.5% of reading plusfrom 115 ft/sec
Note:Gas accuracy can be improved to 0.8% over the full range by built-in software compensation. (See
how to section 4.10.)
Output signal:
Analog: 4 to 20 mADC
Pulse:Low level 0 to 2 V
High level Vs - 2V ( Vs = input supply voltage)
Pulse width 50% duty cycle
±0.1% of full scale
±0.1% of full scaleto 262 ft/sec
Ambient temperature limits:
-40º to 175ºF(-40º to 80ºC):standard unit w/o agency approval ratings
-20º to 175ºF(-30º to 80ºC):with optional digital indicator
-40º to 140ºF(-40º to 60ºC):with FM explosion-proof rating
-40º to 120ºF(-40º to 50ºC):with CSA intrinsically safe rating for integral converter
-40º to 175ºF(-40º to 80ºC):with CSA intrinsically safe rating for remote converter
Process temperature limits:
Standard remote converter:-40º to 575ºF(-40º to 300ºC)
HPT remote converter:-40º to 755ºF(-40º to 402ºC)
Cryogenic remote converter:-320º to 300ºF (-200º to 150ºC)
Integral converter:See Figure 1.3.1
Storage temperature limits:
Integral or remote standard unit:-40º to 176ºF(-40º to 80ºC)
With integral indicator or totalizer:-22º to 80ºF(-30º to 140ºC)
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 4
INTRODUCTION
Figure 1.3.1: Operating temperature range for integral type converter
Power supply and load resistance:
Analog output:17 to 42 VDC (see Figure 1.3.2)
Pulse output:14 to 30 VDC
Maximum output wire resistance: 50 ohms
Maximum line capacitance:0.22 microfarad
Ambient humidity limits:
5 to 100% relative humidity
Process pressure limits:
-14.7 psi (full vacuum) to flange rating
Materials of construction:
Process wetted parts:
Body:CF8M (ANSI 316 stainless steel) or Hastelloy C (equivalent of
ASTM494, CW12MW)
Shedder bar:Duplex stainless steel (CD4MCU equivalent to ANSI 329 stainless
steel) or Hastelloy C (equivalent of ASTM494, CW12MW)
YF1010.5" I.D. Hastelloy C Wafer
YF1021.0" I.D. Hastelloy C Wafer
YF1041.5" I.D. Hastelloy C Wafer
YF1052.0" I.D. Hastelloy C Wafer
YF1083.0" I.D. Hastelloy C Wafer
YF1104.0" I.D. Hastelloy C Wafer
-AAU
-AAD Integral, 4-20 mA for intrinsic safety
-AAR Integral, pulse output for intrinsic safety
-NNN Remote converter
YEWFLO *E - HASTELLOY C WAFER
Integral , 4-20 mA or pulse
PROCESS CONNECTIONS (wafer style for mounting between)
Note:If you specified the correct process conditions on your order, these parameters have been preset at the
factory; therefore, there is no need to re-enter the data.
The Style E YEWFLO is a smart communicating device with microprocessor-based technology.
When used with Yokogawa’ s BT100 or BT200 handheld terminal (HHT), YEWFLO can be
configured to meet specific application needs. In addition, the optional local indicator/totalizer (TBL
option) allows setting of various parameters.
When in the analog output mode, the HHT may be connected at any point on the instrument's
4-20 mA loop. This connection superimposes a digital signal on top of the instrument’ s 4-20 mA
signal making communications completely transparent to your process signal. On the other hand,
since there are no 4-20 mA wires in the pulse mode, direct connection of the HHT to the HHT
PULSE and HHT COM test points on the amplifier is necessary. Once connected, flowrate and total
can be read, tag numbers entered, meter size or any other parameter modified as required.
Additionally, you may activate or deactivate many features of the YEWFLO as necessary to meet
the requirements of your application.
The HHT will enable you to scroll through the program until you locate the parameter that you wish
to change. For communication information, see “How to communicate with the YEWFLO remotely”
in the maintenance section. Please refer to the appropriate HHT instruction manual for details on
each HHT.
To change a parameter using the BT100, insert the removable key in the lock and turn it clockwise
to the ENABLE position. If the key is not in place or if it is in the INHIBIT position, you will receive anOPERATION ERR message on the display when you press either the I NC or DE C key or try to enter
an alphanumeric value in any parameter. If this occurs, insert the key in the lock, turn it clockwise to
the ENABLE position then press either the I N C , DE C or alphanumeric key as before.
2.1PARAMETER SETTINGIN BRAIN™ COMMUNICATIONS
The Model YF100*E Vortex flowmeter incorporates BRAIN™ communication functions. These
functions enable the Vortex converter to remotely carry out the following functions by
communicating with the BRAIN™ Terminal (BT100 or BT200), µXL, or Centum-XL distributed
control systems.
• Setting or changing parameters required for vortex meter operation such as tag number, flow span
and process conditions for example.
• Monitoring flowrate, totalized flow and self-diagnostics.
• 4-20 mA loop check (simulated output) and totalizer reset.
Note:When the pulse/analog jumpers are set for a pulse output, Remote BRAIN™ communication on the
4-20 mA wires is not available. Therefore parameters cannot be set or read remotely. For the BT100
to operate in the pulse output mode, the instrument must be connected to the test points labeled HHT
Pulse and HHT Com. This allows access to all parameters.
Note:Only the position of the jumpers affects remote communication ability, the software setting of pulse or
4-20 mA has no effect.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 22
QUICK START USING THE BT100/200
BT100 Basic Operation
1) POWER on.
2) First three key strokes will always display “Model No.” , Tag No.”, and “Self-check” .
3) Press ME N U key to select desired main menu.
4) Press P MT R key to move down through the selected menu.
5) Once a parameter has been selected, use the I NC or D E C keys to review options within the
parameter list. When data input is required, use the al pha key to toggl e between the al pha an dn umeri c character s (A to Z, 0 to 9).
6) Once a parameter has been selected, push E NT twice to save the changes.
Notes: A ) Use the AL P H A key to move between al pha a n d n umeri c char acter s.
B) To back up i n t he pr ogr ammi n g sequen ce, push H key an d then P MT R when i n par amet er
mode or ME N U when i n mai n men u mode.
C) UP L D and DN L D keys permit copying settings from one instrument in BT100 non-volatile
memory to another instrument.
D) The automatic power-off of the BT100 automatically turns off the power when no key has been
pressed for about 5 minutes. This function is not active during the display A10: Flowrate %, A20:Flowr ate, or A30: Total. The display of these values is updated every 5 seconds.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 23
QUICK START USING THE BT100/200
BT200 Ba si c Operati on
1) Pr ess ON/OFF to acti vate power .
2) Pr ess E N T E R key when pr ompt ed.
3) “Model ”, “Tag N o.”, an d “Sel f-check” wi l l al ways be di splayed n ex t.
4) Pr ess F 4 to conti n ue. The mai n men u l i st wi l l be di splayed n ex t.
5) Hi ghl ight the desi red men u b y usi n g the up an d down movemen t ke ys. P r ess E NT E R to
access the sel ected men u.
6) Use the up an d down movemen t ke ys to hi ghl i ght the desi red parameter an d pr ess E NT E R toaccess.
7) On ce a parameter has been sel ect ed ei ther:
a) Use the up an d down movemen t ke ys to r evi ew opti on s wi thi n t he par ameter . On ce the
appr opri ate opti on has b een sel ected, press E NT E R twice to edi t the sel ecti on .
b) Wher e data i n put i s requi r ed, use the al pha key to toggl e between t he al pha an d n umer i c
character s. Pr ess E NT E R twice to save the chan ges.
N otes: A ) The fun cti on keys (F 1 -F 4 ) ar e used to ex ecute the comman d s di s pl ayed at the bottom of the
scre e n .
B) Use the left (<) and right (>) movement keys to change whole page of displayed information. The
“ <“ key shows the preceding page and the “ >“ key the following page.
C) To select a desired alpha character, always use the appropriate S HI F T key. Use the green
shift key to select letters marked in green and the black shift key to select letters marked in black.
If the alpha/numeric keys are not used in conjunction with the S HI F T key, the numeric value
shown on the key will be displayed.
D) To go directly to a particular parameter anywhere in the menu tree while working in a menu, press
either S HI F T key and then press F 4 . Type the parameter designation (example B24) to be
displayed and press E NT E R .
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 24
QUICK START USING THE BT100/200
2.2YEWFLO SETUP
Note:If you specified the correct process conditions on your order, these parameters have been preset at the
factory; therefore, there is no need to re-enter the data.
The purpose of a Quick Start is to address only those parameters which must be set to establish the
operation of a meter for this application. Follow the parameters listed below and enter the data for
your particular application.
With the BT100 or BT200 properly connected to the Vortex meter begin communicating by pressing
the power button. After the power up sequence is complete, go to “ Menu B: SET 1” . The operation of
the BT100 and BT200 are slightly different. Please refer to the ‘ Basic Handheld Terminal Operation’
if you are unfamiliar with how to move through the menus and parameters. The following flow chart
identifies only the parameters to be set, you may have to skip several parameters or menus to get to
the parameters shown below. Be sure to enter all values and selections shown below or they will
not be saved. If you make a typing error, use the CL R key to clear and re-enter.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 25
QUICK START USING THE BT100/200
2.3PARAMETER SETTINGIN HART™ COMMUNICATIONS
When specified, the model YF100*E vortex flowmeter can be provided with HART™
communication functions. (To determine if this field communication protocol has been
incorporated in your instrument, confirm the “HART” suffix is a part of the YEWFLO model code.)
These functions enable the vortex converter to remotely carry out the following by communicating
with the HART communicator:
· Setting or changing parameters required for vortex meter operation such as tag number, flow span
and process conditions.
· Monitoring flowrate, totalized flow and self-diagnostics.
· 4-20 mA loop check (simulated output) and totalizer rest
The HART communicator can interface with YEWFLO from the control room, via direct connection
to the amplifier, or any other wiring termination point on the 4-20 mA loop. Polarity does not matter.
There must be a minimum of 250 ohms between the connection and the power supply. Refer to
Figure 1.3.2 on page 7 for power supply voltage requirements and load resistance.
Note1: The output jumpers on the amplifier must be set to the analog position to communicate. Only the
position of the jumpers affects remote communication ability, the software setting of pulse or 4-20 mA
has no effect.
Note2: When Yewflo is supplied with the HART option, the TBL digital display/local operator interface
cannot be used for parameter setting and configuration. Only two parameters are supported by the
TBL:
Parameter E01: Total reset
Parameter E02: Display Select
The amplifier has been pre-configured at the factory, so no setup should be required prior to
installation. If your process conditions have changed and reprogramming is required, the menu/
parameter configuration list for YEWFLO/HART can be found in Appendix B in the back of this
manual. Refer to the instructions provided with your HART communicator or operation details. The
QUICK START section of this manual will address only those parameters which must be set to
establish the operation of the meter for a particular application. Appendix B will cross-reference the
BRAIN parameters to the corresponding HART parameters.
2.3.1Communication Specifications
Method of communication: Frequency shift keying (FSK). Conforms with Bell 202 Modem standard
with respect to baud rate and digital “ 1” and “ 0” frequencies.
Baud Rate:1,200 bps
Digital “0” Frequency:2,200 Hz
Digital “1” Frequency:1,200 Hz
Data Byte Structure:1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1 odd parity bit, 1 stop bit
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 34
QUICK START USING THE BT100/200
Single Digital Process Variable Rate:
Poll/Response Mode:2.0 per second
Burst Mode:3.7 per second
Maximum Number of Multi-drop Devices:
Loop Powered:15
Multivariable Specification:
Maximum process variable per smart device: 256
Maximum Number of Communication Masters:Two
2.3.2Hardware Recommendations:
Supply Voltage:17-42 VDC
Load Resistance:250 to 600 ohms (includes cable resistance)
Refer to Figure 1.3.2 on page 7 for power
supply voltage requirements and load
resistance.
Minimum cable size:24 AWG, (0.51 mm diameter)
Cable Type:Single pair shielded or multiple pair with
overall shield
Maximum Twisted-Pair Length:10,000 ft. (3,048 m)
Maximum Multiple Twisted-Pair Length:5,000 ft (1,524 m)
Use the following formula to determine cable length for a specific application:
L = 65 x 106
(R x C) C
where:
- (Cr + 10,000)
L = length in feet or meters
R = resistance in ohms (current sense resistance plus barrier resistance)
C = cable capacitance in pF/ft or pF/m
Cf = maximum shunt capacitance of field device in pF
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 35
INSTALLATION
III.INSTALLATION
Before installing your YEWFLO you will need to gather the following tools:
Wafer Style:
1.Gaskets - self-centering preferred. In no case should the I.D. of the gaskets be smaller than
the I.D. of the meter.
2.Wrenches - Two of a size appropriate for the nuts supplied.
3.Screw driver - A small Phillips or flat blade type may be used to connect lead wires.
4.Sufficient wire to reach from the meter signal converter to the power source, receiving
device. See the Wiring Section of this manual for wire recommendations.
5.Stud bolts, washers and nuts are supplied with the meter
Flanged Style:
1.Nuts, bolts and washers appropriate in type, size, material and quantity for the flange as
specified by ANSI standards.
2.Gaskets - self-centering preferred. In no case should the I.D. of the gaskets be smaller than
the I.D. of the meter.
3.Wrenches - Two of a size appropriate for the nuts supplied.
4.Screw driver - A small Phillips or flat blade type may be used to connect lead wires.
5.Sufficient wire to reach from the meter signal converter to the power source, receiving
device. See the Wiring Section of this manual for wire recommendations.
3.1PIPING REQUIREMENTS
To obtain maximum performance, the vortex flowmeter should be installed in a pipe with a straight
run the same size as the nominal size of the meter. On the upstream side, the straight run depends on
what is in the pipe ahead of the meter. In most installations a maximum of 20 diameters will be
sufficient. The pipe on the downstream side of the meter should always be at least 5 diameters. The
combination of flowmeter with upstream and downstream pipe is referred to as the metering run.
Refer to the following illustrations for the minimum straight pipe for your installation. Note that in
all installations the mating pipe on either side of the vortex meter must match the meter size. In many
applications proper sizing may recommend using one meter size smaller than the existing pipe.
When this is the case, concentric reducers should not be directly attached to the flowmeter, but
installed on either end of the metering run as shown. In any case, the guidelines for orifice plate
installations as published by the ASME will be safe to follow.
IDEAL
Figure 3.1.1: YEWFLO upstream side of valve
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 36
INSTALLATION
ACCEPTABLE
Figure 3.1.2: Reducer, expander, elbow and valve
If the meter cannot be located in the piping where the minimum straight run requirements can be
met, it may be possible to install flow conditioning equipment upstream of the vortex meter and
reduce the upstream piping without significantly reducing the accuracy. Contact your local
representative or Yokogawa Industrial Automation for recommendations regarding flow conditioners.
3.1.1Pipe schedule
We recommend pipe schedule 40 for ½" through 2" meter sizes. For meters larger than 2", use
schedule 80 pipe or smaller. If pipe schedule other than above is used, please refer to Parameter D05
to correct errors due to mismatched pipe schedule.
3.1.2Flow direction and orientation
Before installing the vortex meter verify the arrow on the meter body is facing the same
direction as the direction of the flow. The direction of flow can be determined by the arrow on the
shedder bar or clamping plate. The meter may be installed with the converter located above, below
or to the side of the piping, whatever suits the selected installation location best. Flow may be
horizontal or vertical, as long as the pipe is completely full. For liquid applications vertical flow up
is preferred, as this guarantees a full pipe at all times.
3.1.3Pressure and temperature taps
If you are metering a gas where pressure and temperature compensation is required, pressure and
temperature taps must be located downstream of the vortex meter. See Figure 3.1.3.
Figure 3.1.3: Pressure and Temperature taps
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 37
INSTALLATION
3.1.4Flushing the pipe
On a new installation we recommend flushing the pipeline and removing any and all scales on the
inside of the pipe before installing the vortex meter. The bypass piping should be installed around the
vortex meter to facilitate pipe cleaning. When there is no bypass piping, the vortex meter should be
temporarily removed and a spool piece installed in its place.
3.1.5Gaskets
The ID of the gaskets must be equal to or larger than the ID of the meter and mating pipe. The
gaskets should be the self-centering type. It is important that the gaskets not protrude into the flow
stream, otherwise accuracy will be adversely affected.
Before installing the vortex meter, verify the arrow on the meter body is facing the same direction as
the direction of the flow.
3.2.1Installing the wafer style vortex meter
When installing the wafer type vortex meter it is important to align the instrument bore with the
inner diameter of the adjacent piping. For meters in sizes ½" through 3", four alignment collars are
supplied. These collars establish a predetermined spacing between the mounting bolts and the
outside diameter of the vortex meter body. The bolts must be of the proper diameter to establish
alignment. Carbon steel stud bolts and nuts are supplied as standard. Stainless steel (304) stud bolts
and nuts are optional. Gaskets are supplied by the user. Check all mating flanges ensuring all weld
slag is ground off and the inside surface is clean and smooth.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 38
INSTALLATION
MeterFlangeCollar Kit Mark on
SizeRating(4 per set)collar
0.5"150#F9322GCGL
0.5"300#, 600# F9322GDGM
1.0"150#F9322HCHL
1.0"300#, 600# F9322GAGJ
1.5"150#F9322GCGL
1.5"300#, 600# F9322JDJM
2.0"150#F9322KAKC
3.0"150#F9322KMKP
Table 3.2.1: Dimensions
Note:Only the above indicated meter sizes require collars
3.2.2Installing the wafer style vortex meter horizontally
1)Insert two collars (see dimensions table above) on each of the two lower bolts.
2)Place the vortex meter on the collars located on the lower two bolts making sure the arrow
on the side of the meter body is facing in the same direction as the flow.
3)Insert the remaining bolts and tighten all bolts and nuts uniformly.
4)Check for leakage between the meter body and the flanges.
Figure 3.2.1: Wafer type - horizontal installation
3.2.3Installing the wafer style vortex meter vertically
1)Insert one collar (if required, see table 3.2.1) on each bolt, being certain that the collars are
in contact with the outside diameter of the vortex meter body. Make sure the arrow on the
side of the meter body is facing the same direction as the flow.
2)Tighten all bolts uniformly.
3)Check for leakage between the meter body and the flanges.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 39
INSTALLATION
CAUTION:
When installing the vortex meter in a vertical pipe
outdoors we recommend rotating the conduit
connection to face downward reducing the chance of
rain and condensate running down the conduit into
the housing.
Fig 3.2.2: Wafer type - vertical installation
3.2.4Installing the flanged vortex meter
Use bolts, nuts and gaskets in accordance with ANSI B16.5 (user supplied). The ID of the gasket
must be equal to or greater than the ID of the meter bore. Self-centering gaskets are highly
recommended.
Figure 3.2.3: Flanged type - horizontal installationFigure 3.2.4: Flanged type - vertical installation
3.2.5Insulating vortex meters with integral converter
When installing a vortex meter with an integral converter in a pipe to measure high temperature
fluids, do not insulate the converter housing or mounting bracket. If it is necessary to insulate the
entire installation, use a remote mounted converter. Custom steam jackets are available if necessary,
please contact your Yokogawa Industrial Automation Representative for more information.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 40
INSTALLATION
3.2.6Rotating the meter housing
The terminal box or converter housing may be rotated in 90º increments with respect to the pipe for
viewing or wiring convenience.
3.2.7Remote converter terminal box rotation
1)Turn the power off.
2)Remove the terminal box cover.
3)Disconnect the lead wires from the sensor, Red (A) and White (B).
4)For 1" through 4" meter sizes, remove the bracket mounting bolts and the terminal box from
the meter body. Remove the four Allen bolts securing the terminal box to thebracket,
rotate to the desired position and reassemble.
5)On larger meters remove the 4 hex bolts securing the terminal box, rotate to the desired
position and reassemble.
3.2.8Integral converter rotation
1)Turn the power off.
2)Remove the converter cover.
3)Remove the amplifier.
4)Disconnect the wires from the sensor, Red (A) and White (B).
5)For 1" through 4" meter sizes, remove the bracket mounting bolts and the amplifier housing
6)On larger meters remove the 4 hex bolts securing the amplifier housing, rotate to the desired
Figure 3.2.5: Changing the terminal box orientation
from the meter body. Remove the four Allen bolts securing the housing to the bracket, rotate
to the desired position and reassemble.
position and reassemble.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 41
INSTALLATION
Figure 3.2.6: Changing the converter orientation
3.2.9Installing the remote converter
A special signal cable (YF011) must
be used between the vortex meter body and the remote
electronics. The maximum cable length is 65 feet (20 meters). Do not splice additional cable toextend the length. The converter may mounted on 2" nominal pipe stand (horizontal or vertical)
using the supplied mounting bracket. The converter orientation may be rotated in 90º increments if
necessary to simplify wiring or viewing. To shorten the cable in the field please refer to the section
on cable.
Note:If there is a local indicator (option /TBL) included on the remote amplifier, its display may be rotated
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 42
in 90º increments to facilitate reading the display.
INSTALLATION
3.3WIRING
3.3.1Cables and wires (analog or pulse output wires only)
The following recommendations should be considered when selecting output wire for YEWFLO, and
installing it in the field.
1)Use 600 V PVC insulated wire or equivalent.
2)Use shielded wire in areas susceptible to electrical noise.
3)Use wire and cable suitable for the ambient environment, especially temperature and
4)Lay wires as far as possible from electrical noise sources such as large transformers, motors,
5)When wiring in a vertical position, a drip loop with a drain should be installed in the conduit
6)We recommend using crimp-on solderless type lugs for the output wire termination.
7)For industrial installations, we recommend using conduit or cable tray to protect wiring from
8)Safety grounding should meet National Electrical Code Class 3 requirements (resistance to
3.3.2Analog output, 2-wire type (4-20 mADC)
When configured for analog output, the two instrument output wires also provide power. A DC
power supply (user supplied) is required in the loop. The power supply voltage required is
determined by the total instrument loop resistance including output wires. The permissible resistance
versus required power supply voltage is shown in figures 3.3.1 and 3.3.2.
chemical compatibility.
and power supplies.
so that water does not run down the wire and into the converter housing.
water or mechanical damage. A rigid steel conduit or flexible metal conduit is acceptable.
ground of 100 ohms or less). Ground wires should be 600 V PVC insulated wire.
Note:The field chassis ground and minus (-) power supply terminal are isolated from each other and should
Figure 3.3.2: Wiring Connections (Analog) Integral Converter
3.3.3Pulse output, 3-wire type
When configured for pulse output mode, the converter requires three wires between the converter
and the power supply. The required power should be between 18 and 30 VDC (allowable ripple +1.5
V or less). The pulse output (P terminal) is connected to a remote totalizer. The minimum load
resistance of the pulse output loop is 10k ohms (maximum capacitance 0.22F, 0.1F for output
frequency above 2.5 kHz), and interconnection wire resistance must be less than 50 ohms.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 44
Figure 3.3.3: Wiring Connections (Pulse) - Remote Converter Type
INSTALLATION
Figure 3.3.4: Wiring Connections (Pulse) - Integral Type
3.3.4Interconnection for remote converter
When the converter is remotely mounted from the meter body, a special signal cable (YFO11) must
be used. The maximum length of this cable is 65 feet (20 meters). The signal cable transmits a low
level sensor signal from the remote flowmeter to the remote converter. The remote converter
provides the output signals as described above. The remote signal wire connections are the same for
either Analog or Pulse output units. The A, B and C terminals on the flowmeter are connected via the
red, white and black wires (respectively) to the A, B and C terminals on the converter. The blue wire
is connected on the converter end only to chassis ground. See figure 3.3.5.
For remote mounted converters there are two electrical conduit connections. Use the left connection,
as viewed from the terminal side, for the signal wire (YFO11 cable) and the right connection for the
output wiring. If the connection directions are reversed, the cover shield for the signal terminals
cannot be installed.
Figure 3.3.5: Shield Converter -Remote Type
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 45
INSTALLATION
3.4CABLE
3.4.1Field terminating the signal cable (YF011-0*E)
Both ends of the cable must be finished in accordance with the following instructions. The maximum
cable length is 65 feet (20 meters). The YEWFLO cable is a special double-shielded cable available
only from Yokogawa Industrial Automation. Proper termination is critical to ensure the meter
performs as specified. Do not splice additional cable to add length. Please follow all steps
completely.
If you are shortening the cable in the field, to simplify your work, cut off excess length from the
flowmeter end of the cable only and re-terminate. The flowmeter end requires only three (3)
termination’ s, while the converter end requires four (4).
Figure 3.4.1: YF011 Signal Cable
Caution: Do not allow the “ conductive layer” (black covering over signal wires A & B) to short to case
ground or any other conductor. Please follow the termination procedure to insure proper termination
and flowmeter performance.
Flowmeter end of the cable
1.Strip the outer polyethylene jacket,
outer braided shield, inner jacket,
and inner braided shield to the
dimensions shown.
Caution: Don’ t cut the uninsulated drain wires.
2.Strip off the black conductive layer
on each wire exposing the red or
white insulation underneath to the
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 46
INSTALLATION
dimensions shown. Cut the length
of each wire to the dimensions
shown. Twist the strands of each
wire and drain wire so there are no
free strands.
3.Do not allow the black conductive
layer to short circuit to wires A, B,
C or the metal Case.
4.Strip off the red or white insulation
to the dimensions indicated. Twist
the outer and the inner drain wires
(shields) together. You should now
have 3 individual conductors.
5.Insert insulating tubing over the
twisted drain wires, wire C, as far
as possible. Cut the tubing off
leaving only 0.2 inches (5 mm) of
the drain wire exposed. Strip 0.2
inches (5 mm) of insulation from
the tips of the remaining two wires,
A and B.
6.Slide heat shrinkable tubing over
the wire bundle such that it covers
the braided shields, overlaps the
outer jacket and the loose wires A,
B, and C as shown. Be certain that
this tubing insulates all shield wires
from chassis ground, this will insure
that the field ground remains
isolated from the control room
ground.
7.Install insulated crimp lugs on each
wire A, B, and C.
8.Attach identifying labels to the
outside of the signal cable.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 47
INSTALLATION
Confirm that the insulation between each wire including the inner shield is 10 Mega Ohm or greater
at 500 VDC. Maintain both ends of the wires disconnected (open circuit) during insulation resistance
(Hi-Pot) test.
Converter end of the cable
1.Strip the outer polyethylene jacket,
outer braided shield, inner jacket,
and inner braided shield to the
dimensions shown. Caution: don’ t
cut the drain wires.
2.Strip off the black conductive layer
on each wire exposing the red or
white insulation underneath to the
dimensions indicated. Twist the
strands of each wire and drain wire
so there are no free strands.
3.Do not allow the black conductive
layer to short circuit to wires A, B,
C, G or the metal case.
4.Strip off the red or white insulation
to the dimensions indicated, and cut
each wire to length as shown.
5.Insert blue insulating tubing over the
outer shield drain wire (G), and
black insulating tubing over the
inner shield drain wire (C) as
shown. Cut the tubing off exposing
0.2 inches (5 mm) of each drain
wire. Strip 0.2 inches (5 mm) of
insulation from the tips of the
remaining two wires (A and B).
6.a) Slide heat shrinkable tubing over
the entire wire bundle such that it
overlaps the outer jacket, outer
shield and the blue wire (G) as
shown. Be certain that the outer
shield is fully protected.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 48
INSTALLATION
b) Slide another heat shrinkable tubing
over the wire bundle such that it covers
the inner braided shield, overlaps the
inner jacket and the loose wires A, B,
and C as shown. Be certain that the heat
shrink tubing protects all shield wires
from chassis ground. Heat the tubing as
necessary to shrink it for a tight fit.
7.Install insulated crimp lugs on each wire A, B, C and G.
8.Attach identifying labels to the outside of each signal cable.
Confirm that the insulation between each wire including the inner shield is 10 Mega Ohm or greater
at 500 VDC. Maintain both ends of the wires disconnected (open circuit) during insulation resistance
(Hi-Pot) test.
3.5WIRING CAUTIONS
When installing the YEWFLO in a hazardous area, particular care must be taken when wiring the
meter not violate any of the requirements of the hazardous area approvals.
For explosionproof installations, the wiring must be protected by conduit and proper seals so
hazardous material exposure is limited and consistent with the requirements of the approving agency
(FM or CSA). If you are unsure about the requirements of the approving agency, consult their
appropriate standards handbook.
3.5.1Flameproof transmitter installation
The model YF100 vortex flowmeters and YFA11 vortex flow converters are designed to be used in
hazardous areas, divisions 1 and 2. Their specific uses are outlined in “ Recommended practice for
explosion-protected electrical installations in general industries (Gas Explosion Protection, 1985).”
To avoid damaging the flameproof equipment, connecting bolts, wiring and pipes should be installed
with care. Caution should also be used for maintenance and repair of the equipment. For further
information, refer to “Operating precautions for instruments of flameproof construction conforming
to technical criteria (IEC-Compatible Standards)”
3.5.2Cautions for insulation and dielectric strength testing
Since the flowmeter has undergone insulation and dielectric tests at the factory prior to shipment,
these tests are normally not required again. However, if required, follow the precautions and
procedures listed below:
1)Do not apply voltages exceeding 500 VDC for insulation resistance testing or 500 VAC for
dielectric strength testing.
2)Before conducting these tests, disconnect signal lines from the flowmeter terminals.
• Insulation Resistance Test Procedure
1)Short-circuit the + and – (4-20 mA output type) or +, P and – (pulse output type) terminals in
the terminal box.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 49
INSTALLATION
2)Connect a plus (+) insulation tester leadwire to these terminals and the minus (–) leadwire to
ground.
3)Turn the insulation tester power ON and measure the resistance between the two leads. Do
not apply the voltage for more than two minutes.
4)After completing the test, disconnect the insulation tester. The short-circuiting wire between
the + and – terminals should be connected to the ground terminal through a 100kΩ resistor
allowing discharge of any internally charged static voltage. Do not make physical contact
with these terminals until the voltage is completely discharged.
• Dielectric Strength Test
1)Short-circuit the + and – (4-20 mA output type) or +, P and – (pulse output type) terminals in
the terminal box.
2)Connect a dielectric strength tester between the + and – terminals and the ground terminal.
(Connect the dielectric strength tester positive (+) leadwire to the short-circuited terminals
and negative (–) leadwire to the transmitter ground terminal.)
3)Gradually increase the test voltage from 0 to the specified voltage.
4)When the test voltage is obtained, maintain it for one minute.
5)After completing this test, slowly decrease the voltage to avoid any voltage surges.
3.5.3Instruction document for FM explosionproof instruments
Wiring
• All wiring shall comply with the national electrical code ANSI/NFPA70 and local electrical codes.
• In hazardous locations, wiring shall be placed in a conduit.
Operation
• WARNING: Do not open the cover while the circuit is alive.
• Avoid generating mechanical sparks when near the instrument and peripheral devices in hazardous
locations.
Maintenance and Repair
• Instrument modification or replacement parts provided by anyone other than an authorized
representative of Yokogawa Industrial Automation is prohibited and will void the Factory
explosionproof certification.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 50
Figure 3.5.1: Integral Type
INSTALLATION
(A)YF100-A series Vortex flowmeters can be used in the following hazardous areas:
• Explosionproof for Class I, Division 1, Groups B, C and D.
• Dust ignition-proof for Class II, Division 1, Groups E, F and G
• Suitable for Class III, Division 1
• Outdoor hazardous locations, NEMA 4
Figure 3.5.2: Remote Type
(A)YF100-N series Vortex flowmeters can be used in the following hazardous areas:
• Explosionproof for Class I, Division 1, Groups B, C and D.
• Dust ignition-proof for Class II, Division 1, Groups E, F and G
• Suitable for Class III, Division 1
• Outdoor hazardous locations, NEMA 4
Figure 3.5.3: Remote Converter
(A)YFA11 series Vortex flowmeters can be used in the following hazardous areas:
• Explosionproof for Class I, Division 1, Groups B, C and D.
• Dust ignition-proof for Class II, Division 1, Groups E, F and G
• Suitable for Class III, Division 1
• Outdoor hazardous locations, NEMA 4
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 51
INSTALLATION
3.5.4Wiring cautions for CSA intrinsic safety
If the meter is to be installed in an intrinsically safe system, safety barriers must be installed to
prevent excessive power from entering the hazardous area.
• Integral Installation
Doc. No. ICS002-A12 p. 1
*CSA certified barrier with parameters of 28V/300 ohms.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 52
INSTALLATION
• Remote Installation
Doc. No. ICS002-A12 p. 1
*CSA certified barrier with parameters of 28V/300 ohms.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 53
INSTALLATION
3.5.5Wiring cautions for FM intrinsic safety
If the meter is to be installed in an FM intrinsically safe system, safety barriers must be installed to
prevent excessive power from entering the hazardous area.
• Non-incendive Integral Installation
'
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 54
INSTALLATION
• Non-incendive Remote Installation
Non-incendive Parameters:
Vmax = 28V, Imax = 93mA, Ci = 4nF (analog output), Ci = 62nF (pulse output), Li = 0
Vmax > Voc, Imax > Isc, Ca > Ci + Ccable, La > Li + Lcable
Notes:
1.Division 2 power source must be FMRC approved.
2.Control room equipment connected to the power supply must not use or generate more than 250V.
• Installation Requirements
Vmax > Voc or Vt
Imax > Isc or It
Ca > Ci + Ccable
La < Li + Lcable
Notes:
1.YF011 signal cable max length 20 meters.
2.Maximum non-hazardous location voltage must not exceed 250v.
3.Do not alter drawing without authorization from FMRC.
4.Installation should be in accordance with ANSI/ISA RP12.6. "Installation of Intrinsically Safe
Systems for Hazardous (Classified) Locations" and the National Electrical Code (ANSI/NFPA
70).
5.Approved dust-tight seals are required for Class II and III installations.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 57
MAINTENANCE
IV.MAINTENANCE
4.1HOW TO...
The following how to lists are described in this chapter.
4.1.1Communicating with the YEWFLO remotely
4.1.2Adjusting zero and span
4.1.3Using self-diagnostics
4.1.4Simulating an output/performing a loop check
4.1.5Changing the output mode to analog or pulse
4.1.6Increasing gas and steam flow measurement accuracy by correcting for gas expansion
4.1.9Setting up and resetting the internal totalizer
4.1.10 Scaling the pulse output
4.1.11 Setting up user defined flow units
4.1.12 Setting up the local LCD indicator display mode
4.1.13 Setting the low cut flowrate
4.1.14 Trimming the 4-20 mA analog output
4.1.15 Using the upload/download feature
For information on the following items, please refer to the noted reference points.
Adjusting trigger level adjustment (TLA) ................................................ see signal conditioning
Adjusting noise balance ........................................................................... see signal conditioning
Adjusting noise judge............................................................................... see signal conditioning
Connecting an oscilloscope to read the output from the YEWFLO ........... see troubleshooting
Minimizing the affects of noise ................................................................ see signal conditioning
Sizing a YEWFLO .................................................................................. refer to YEWFLO
sizing software
Calculating pressure drop through a flowmeter......................................... refer to YEWFLO
sizing software
Driving an output by inputting a frequency............................................... see amplifier calibration
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 58
MAINTENANCE
4.1.1Communicating with the YEWFLO remotely
The BT100/BT200 may be connected directly to terminals on the amplifier to communicate. You must
direct connect to communicate when the output jumpers are set for pulse output. With analog output
configuration, you may communicate either on the 4-20 mA loop wires or via a direct connection. The
following conditions must exist in either case for communication to operate properly.
Analog output mode
1.250Ω to 600Ω of resistance must be in the loop, even for direct amplifier connection.
2.The output jumpers on the amplifier must be set to the analog position.
3.The vortex meter must be powered by 18.5 to 42 VDC. For proper communication at the meter
terminals, the ripple should be < 100 mVAC. Refer to figure 1.3.2 for power supply requirements.
4.Attach one end of the BT100/200 communication cable to the top of the communicator.
5.For Analog mode, there are two ways to communicate as follows:
A. Local Communication: Attach the other end of the communication cable to the HHT ANALOG
terminal and the HHT COM terminal on the amplifier itself. These connection points are labeled
per above and color coded with a yellow bead. Polarity does not matter.
B. Remote Communication: Connect the handheld terminal to the 4-20 mA signal wires, such that
at least 250Ω of the loop load is between the leads. Polarity does not matter.
Pulse output mode
1.The output jumpers on the amplifier must be set to pulse position.
2.The vortex meter must be powered by 14 to 30 VDC.
3.Attach one end of the BT100/200 communication cable to the top of the communicator.
4.On a pulse output vortex meter there is NO requirement for 250Ω of resistance.
5.For Pulse mode, only local communication is supported.
A. Attach the other end of the communication cable to the HHT PULSE terminal and the HHT
COM terminal on the amplifier itself. These connection points are labeled per above and color
coded with a yellow bead. Polarity does not matter.
Communication Start-up
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
1.Power up by pressing the ON/ OF F key..Power up by pressing the P O WE R key.
The WELCOME message indicates the handheld terminal is working properly.
2.Press E N T E R and a screen of information such as
YEWFLO*E showing what instrument you are connected
to, TAG NO., and SELF CHECK status, is displayed.
3.
4.
At this point you are ready to begin configuring or otherwise interrogating the YEWFLO parameters.
5.
Pressing E N T E R again (F 4 soft key OK) will
display a list of menus to choose from.
Press ME NU (or any key) and YEWFLO*E is displayed
showing your instrument connection.
Press me n u (or any key) again and TAG NO. is
displayed.
Press me n u (or any key) again to display SELF CHECK
status.
Pressing me n u (or any key) again will take you to
the A:DISPLAY menu - the top of all menus.
This process completes start-up of communication. Once you are successfully communicating, please refer
to the appropriate “How To” section to help you make the configuration change desired. If you receive a
Comm. Er ror recheck the connections as described above, and insure that the batteries in the handheld
terminal are fully charged. Refer to figure 4.5.1 for a connection diagram.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 59
MAINTENANCE
4.1.2Adjusting zero and span
Zero Adjustment
There is no zero adjustment required on the YEWFLO. This is a procedure frequently required on other
types of flowmeters but is not applicable to the YEWFLO vortex flowmeter. If the vortex meter provides
an output in a no flow situation refer to the signal processing section or troubleshooting section of this
manual.
Span Adjustment
All YEWFLO vortex meters, both analog and pulse output units, require an initial span setting. If you
provided the correct process conditions at the time of your order, span has been preset at the factory. If it
is necessary to change this value, follow this procedure to make a span adjustment.
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
B :SET 1
Using the up/down arrows,
scroll to the B :SET 1 menu and
press E N T E R .
Depress the Me n u key until
B :Set 1 menu appears.
B51: SPAN FACTOR
E+1
B52 :FLOW SPAN
7,500
Use the up/down arrow keys to
move through the parameter
list until B51: SPAN FACTOR is
displayed, press E NT E R .
Select the desired SPAN FACTOR from the list. If the span value is
greater than 32,000 an exponential S PAN FACTOR (x 10 multiplier)
must be used. For example, a span value of 75,000; the flow span
(B52) would be set to 7,500 and the SPAN FACTOR would be set to
E+1 (101). 7,500 x 101 = 75,000.
Use the arrow keys to scroll
through the choice list, press
E N T E R twice. Press F 4 ,
OK.
Use the arrow key to move to
B52 :FLOW SPAN . Press
E N T E R .
Input the flow span using the numeric keys
Press E N T E R twice. Press
F 4 , OK.
Using the p r mt r key move
through the parameter listing
until B51 :Span Factor appears.
Use the I NC or D E C key to
move through the choice list,
press E N T twice.
Press the P R MT R key once
to move to parameter B52 : FLOW
SPAN
Press E N T twice.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 60
MAINTENANCE
4.1.3Using self-diagnostics
From any menu you have access to the self-diagnostics in the YEWFLO.
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
X60 :Self CHECK
GOOD
From the menu screen, select any menu and
press E NT E R , to enter parameter display
mode. Press F 2 , the DI AG soft key. You may
also scroll down to the “ 60” parameter in the
current menu.
Press the DI AG key and you will
immediately run diagnostics, and the display
will show X60:SELF CHECK with either a GOOD
or ERROR display. Note X denotes the
alphabetic value of the current menu.
If error is displayed, press the E NT E R
key to display an alphanumeric list of the
error or errors. Scroll down to be sure all
error messages are seen. Press F 4 (ESC)
function to return to the menu screen.
As you resolve each condition that is causing an error, the error will automatically be cleared.
To confirm that all errors have been corrected, please perform Step 1 again.
If error is displayed, press I NC or D E C
to view the alphanumeric description of the
error. Continue pressing the I NC or DE C
key to scroll through the error list if there is
more than one.
Refer to the error code listing chart for a detailed description of each error message.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 61
MAINTENANCE
4.1.4Simulating an output/performing a loop check
The YEWFLO provides the flexibility to simulate an output to perform a loop test. This feature can be
used for Analog output or Pulse output configurations.
Analog Output - simulate output(parameter B02:OUTPUT must be set to 4-20 mA DC)
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
F :TEST
From the menu screen scroll down to the
F: TEST choice. Press E NT E R .
Depress the me n u until the F: TEST menu
is displayed.
F01: OUT ANALOG
50
Select F01: OUT ANALOG parameter. Press
E NT E R .
Using the numeric keys, enter the value of percent of span you wish to simulate. i.e. 50%
Press E NT E R twice.Press the E N T twice.
The current output, and the percent of rate display will agree with the value entered in
parameter F01. However, the engineering units display and totalization will continue to read
and totalize the actual flowrate.
Note: Two methods cause the simulated output to return to normal flow reading.
1)
Press the F 4 (ESC) function key.
2)After 10 minutes the output will automatically return to normal.
Press the p r mt r once to display
parameter F01: OUT ANALOG.
Move to any other menu or parameter, by
pushing the ME N U or P RMT R key.
Pulse Output - simulate output (Parameter B02:OUTP UT must be set to PULSE)
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
F :TEST
F01: OUT pulse
2000
From the menu screen scroll down to the
F:TEST choice. Press E N T E R .
Scroll down to parameter F02: OUT PULSE.
Press E NT E R .
Use the numeric keys, enter the frequency value in Hertz you wish to simulate. i.e. 2000 Hz.
Press E NT E R twice.Press the E N T twice.
The frequency output will respond to the value entered. Note: The pulse output, will agree
with the value entered in parameter F01. However, the percent of span display, engineering
units display and totalization will continue to read the actual flowrate.
Depress the menu key until the F:Test menu
is displayed.
Press the p r mt r twice to display F02:Out Puls e.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 62
Two methods cause the simulated output to return to normal flow reading.
1)
Press the F 4 (ESC) function key.
2)After 10 minutes, the output will automatically return to normal.
Push the Me n u or P R MT R key to move
to another menu or parameter.
MAINTENANCE
4.1.5Changing th e output mode to analog or pulse
Changing the output to Analog output
On the amplifier, move the 3 individual output jumpers to the “ analog” position, these are the 3 pins on
the right as you look at the amplifier board. Refer to figure 1.3.2 for power supply requirements. This step
must be completed before proceeding. NOTE: To communicate in analog output mode you must have a
current loop load of 250Ω 600Ω.
After connecting the communication cable to the BT100/200 connect the clip leads on the other end to the
HHT ANALOG and HHT COM terminals of the amplifier, or on the 4-20 mA signal wires. Power up the
BT100/200 and proceed with the following steps:
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
B: S ET 1
From the menu screen, select B: SET 1
using the up/down arrows, scroll to and
press the E NT E R key.
Press the ME N U key until the B: S e t 1
menu is displayed.
B02: OUTPUT
4 to 20 mA DC
Changing the output to Pulse output
On the amplifier move the 3 individual output jumpers to the “ pulse” position, these are the 3 pins on the
left as you look at the amplifier board. Refer to figure 1.3.2 for power supply requirements. This step must
be completed before proceeding. NOTE: You cannot communicate remotely in the pulse output mode.
After connecting the communication cable to the BT100/200 connect each alligator clip to the HHT pulse
and HHT COM terminals of the amplifier. Turn the power on the BT100/200 and proceed with the
following steps.
B: S ET 1
B02: OUTPUT
P ULSE
Using up/down keys select B02: OUTPUT
and press the E N T E R key.
Using the up/down arrows, select 4 to 20mA DC and press the E N T E R key twice.
Then press F 4 , OK.
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
From menu screen, use the arrow keys to
select B: S ET 1 and press the E NT E R
key.
Use up/down arrows keys to scroll to
B02: OUTPUT. Press E NT E R .
Use the arrow keys to select P ULSE and
press E N T E R twice. Then, press F 4 ,
OK.
Press the p a r a me t e r key until
parameter B02 : Out put is displayed.
Using the I N C and DE C key display
the available options. When 4 to 20 mADC is displayed press the E NT key
twice.
Press the ME N U key until the B: S e t 1
menu is displayed.
Press the P R MT R key until parameter
B02: Out put is displayed.
Use the I NC or D E C key to select
P ulse and press the E N T key twice.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 63
MAINTENANCE
4.1.6Increasing gas and steam flow measurement accuracy by correcting for gas expansion
To achieve the highest level of performance from a vortex meter when measuring a compressible fluid,
YEWFLO offers a gas expansion factor which will automatically make the necessary correction and
improve gas accuracy to ±0.8% of rate over the full operating range. Without the gas expansion factor, the
standard accuracy is 1.5% of rate.
The pressure drop across the shedder bar increases with increasing flowrate. As the pressure drop
increases, the gas expands. Gas expansion due to the higher pressure drop will cause the vortex flowmeter
to read high. To compensate for this velocity activate the D06: EXPANSION FA parameter. To activate this
function, please follow the steps below:
NOTE: Do not activate this function for liquid flow applications. Review the setting of parameter B04:
FLUI D to confirm the settings are for Gas or Steam only.
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
D :ADJUST
Proceed to the menu screen
and select the D: ADJUST and
press E N T E R .
Press the ME N U key to move
to the D: Adj ust menu.
D06 :EXPANSION FA
ACTIVE
Scroll through the parameters
to D06 : EXPANSION FA and pressE N T E R .
Using the arrow keys, select
ACTI VE and press E NT E R
twice. Then, press F 4 , OK.
Using the P R MT R key
move to parameter D06
:Ex pansion FA.
To activate this feature use the
I NC or D E C key to select
activ e and press E NT twice.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 64
MAINTENANCE
4.1.7Activating Reynolds number correction
What is Reynolds Number Correction?
The YEWFLO vortex meter’ s output is linear beginning at 20,000 Reynolds number, or 40,000 for sizes 6
inch and above. From 5,000 to 20,000 Reynolds number the meter’ s output is nonlinear, but repeatable.
Reynolds number adjustment is a correction factor applied to the output to compensate for this nonlinearity within this Reynolds number range. When activated, flowmeter accuracy is improved to 0.8% of
rate throughout the flow range above 5000 Reynolds number. The correction factors listed below are
automatically applied when this feature is activated.
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
D: adjustSelect the D: adjust menu
and press e n t e r .
Press Me n u until the
D: Adjust menu appears.
D01: Reynolds adj
Active
D02: viscosity
1.0
D03 :Density F
8.3
The flowmeter will now be corrected for flowrates between 5,000 and 20,000 Reynolds number. Please be
sure to input accurate viscosity and density values, as this correction is only as valid as the accuracy of
these parameters. If viscosity and density change, accuracy will be affected until the new values are input.
Scroll to the first parameter,
D01: Reynolds adj, press
e n t e r .
Scroll to the active selection
and press e n t e r twice.
Press F 4 {E S C} to return
to the parameter list.
Select parameter D02:vi scosity and press
e n t e r .
Input the flowing viscosity in centipoise
Press enter twice, Press f 4
{e s c } to return to the
parameter list.
Scroll to parameter
D03: DENSITY F and press
e n t e r .
Input the flowing density in units per B07 .
Press E N T E R twice.Press e n t twice.
Depress the P RMT R key
and move to the first
parameter D01: Reynolds Adj.
Using I NC or D E C select
acti ve and press e n t twice.
Press P RMT R to move to
D02: viscosity.
Press e n t twice.
Using the parameter key move
to the D03: DENSITY F
parameter.
Note:There are certain conditions where performance in the range of 5,000 to 20,000 Reynolds
number is not possible. Please consult the YEWFLO sizing program, your local representative or the
Yokogawa Industrial Automation factory for clarification.
The mating pipe in a vortex meter installation should be schedule 40 pipe, using other schedule pipes can
cause small errors. If a pipe schedule other than schedule 40 is being used the error can be corrected using
the pipe effect correction.
Mis-matched pipe schedule correction
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
D: adjust
Select menu D: adj ust and
press e n t e r .
Press me n u until d: adj ust
is displayed.
d05: pipe effect
Wafer Sch80
Pipe schedule correction is now invoked, and accuracy will be corrected for the combination selected.
Select from the list the correct
combination of process
connection (wafer or flange)
and pipe schedule, (Sch10,
Sch80 etc.), and press
e n t e r twice.
Sch 10
(%)
Sch 40Sch 80
No
Correction
(%)
-0.700.1
-0.300.1
Press the p r mt r key until
the D05 : pipe effect menu
appears.
Using the i n c or d e c
keys, select the correct
combination of process
connection and pipe schedule,
press e n t twice.
Sch 10
(%)
Sch 40Sch 80
No
Correction
(%)
0.1
0
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 66
MAINTENANCE
4.1.9Setting up and resetting the internal totalizer
Setup of the internal totalizer
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
C: SET 2
Scroll through the menus to the C: SET 2 ,
then press E N T E R .
Press the ME N U key until the C: Set 2
menu appears.
C01: Total Rate
Note: When factors other than E0 are used the appropriate multiplier sticker should be placed on the
bezel of the local indicator, if present (/TBL).
Scroll down to C01: Tot al Rat e and pressE N T E R .
Scroll to the desired totalizer factor, press
E N T E R twice.
The available options for totalizer rates include scaled and unscaled rates
Examples:
E 0
E +2
E -2
There are three special settings designed to maximize resolution:
UNSC * 1
UNSC * 10
UNSC * 100
Note: Set this parameter such that the maximum count or pulse rate does not exceed
6,000 Hz.
Press p r mt r key to move to
parameter C01: Total Rate.
Use the I NC or D E C key to select the
desire totalizer factor. Press E NT twice.
1 count equals one unit of flow (100) ,
units same as flow unit.
1 count equals 100 units of flow (102) ,
units same as flow unit.
1 count equals 0.01 units of flow (10-2) ,
units same as flow unit.
1 pulse in, 1 count out (Unscaled)
1 pulse in, 10 counts out (Unscaled)
1 pulse in, 100 counts out (Unscaled)
Resetting the internal totalizer
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
E: CONTROL
E01: TOTAL RESET
execute
Note: This parameter will automatically revert to NOT EXECUTE, when you exit the parameter.
Scroll to the E: CONTROL menu and pressE N T E R .
Scroll to parameter E01: TOTAL RESET and
press E N T E R .
Scroll to the value Exec ute and presse n t e r twice to reset the totalizer.
Press the ME N U key until the E:Control menu appears.
Press the P R MT R key once to display
the parameter E01: Total Reset.
Use the I NC or D E C key to select
ex ecute and press e n t twice to reset
the totalizer.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 67
MAINTENANCE
4.1.10 Scaling the pulse output
Before setting the pulse rate be sure that the YEWFLO has been properly set to pulse output mode. The
pulse output of the YEWFLO may be configured as a scaled or unscaled pulse output. Follow this
procedure to set the pulse scaling. Use scaled pulse to scale the output to pulses per engineering unit per
B51 Flow span units. Use unscaled pulse (UNSC*1, UNSC*10 or UNSC*100) for maximum pulse
resolution. Output will be 1, 10 or 100 pulses output for each input pulse. Use the K-factor to convert
unscaled units to volume units.
Setup of pulse output
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
C: SET 2
Scroll through the menus to the
C: SET 2, then press E NT E R.
Depress the ME NU key until
the C: Set 2 menu appears.
C02: pulse rate
E +2
Scroll down to C02: p ulse r ate
and press E NT E R.
Select from the list the desired
pulse rate factor, press
E N T E R twice.
The available options for pulse rate include scaled and unscaled
rates.
Examples:
E 0
E +2
E - 2
There are three special unscaled settings designed to maximize
resolution:
UNSC * 1
UNSC * 10
UNSC * 100
Press p r mt r key to move
to parameter C02: pulse r ate .
Use the I NC or D E C key to
select the desire pulse rate
factor. Press E N T twice.
1 pulse equals one unit of flow
(100), units same as flow span.
1 pulse equals 100 units of
flow (102), units same as flow
span.
1 pulse equals 0.01 units of
flow (10-2), units same as flow
span.
1 pulse in, 1 pulse out
(Unscaled)
1 pulse in, 10 pulses out
(Unscaled)
1 pulse in, 100 pulses out
(Unscaled)
Set this parameter such that the maximum count or pulse rate does not exceed 6,000 Hz at max flow span.
Note:Gas Expansion Correction Factor in % reading = (-5.70833 x E-4 x V2) - (5.83333 x E-4 x V);
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 68
Where V = Average measured uncorrected velocity in m/sec
MAINTENANCE
4.1.11 Setting up user defined flow units
It is possible that the flow units required for a particular application may not be available as standard flow
units. Therefore, YEWFLO offers the flexibility of setting custom user units for any application.
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
B :SET 1
B35 :Fl ow unit
USGAL
B50 :Time Unit
/ m
C: SET 2
Scroll to the B: SET 1 menu and press the
E N T E R key. Select a standard flow
unit for parameters B15, B22, B29, or B35
and select a standard time base for
parameter B50 from the available list.
Make your selection from the list by
scrolling to it and pressing E N T E R
twice.
Only one of the above flow unit parameters will be available depending on whether
your application is for Gas, Liquid, Steam or Energy flow as selected in B04 :Fl uid.
From the menu screen scroll down to
C: SET 2 and press E N T E R. Then,
press F 4 , OK.
Using the me n u key move to the
B: SET 1 menu. Using the P RMT R key,
select parameters B15, B22, B29, or B35.
Then using the I NC or D E C key,
select a standard unit. Use the P RMT R
key to select parameter B50 and I NC or
DE C to select a standard time base.
Press the ME N U key until C: Set 2 is
displayed.
C09: UNIT CONV FA
0.0238
C10: USERS UNIT
BBL
The C09: Unit Conversion Fa is defined as: Standard Units/Custom Unit
Example: Set up for span of 50 BBL/h (Barrels per hour)
C10: USER’ S UNIT .............Enter the abbreviation for barrels; BBL
After making the above modifications, the units of flow will now be barrels per hour, BBL/ h. This unit will
not appear on the /TBL indicator, but only when communicating with the BT100 or BT200. Parameter
A20 will now indicate flowrate in BBL/ h and parameter A30 will now totalize in Barrels, BBL.
NOTE: After making these settings, the value of parameter B52: FLOW S PAN must be set in custom user
units, i.e. BBL/ H or 50, for this example.
Scroll down to C09: UNIT CONV FA and
press E N T E R . Using the numeric
keys, enter the conversion factor and
press the E NT E R key twice. Press
F 4 , OK.
See below for how to calculate the correct conversion factor.
Scroll to parameter C10: USERS UNIT and
press the E NT E R key. Enter the
custom flow units abbreviation using the
alphanumeric keys. Press E N T E R
twice to save.
Using the P R MT R key move through
this menu until parameter C09: UnitConversion Fa is displayed. Use the
numeric keys, enter the conversion factor
and press the E N T key twice.
Using the P R MT R key move to the
c10: users unit parameter and enter the
custom flow units abbreviation using the
alphanumeric keys. Press E N T twice to
save.
Setting parameter C09: Uni t Conversion Fa to any value other than ‘ 0’ activates the custom user units
function. To clear this function set C09 to ‘ 0’ .
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 69
MAINTENANCE
4.1.12 Setting up the local LCD indicator display mode
The YEWFLO vortex meter offers a variety of display options. The following procedure will allow you to
select which values are displayed, for your application.
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
E: CONTROL
Scroll through the menus to
the E: CONTROL menu, then
press E N T E R .
Press the ME N U key until
the E: Contr ol menu is
displayed.
E02: DISP SELECT
rate %
Scroll to parameter E02: DISP
SELECT then press E NT E R.
Scroll to your desired choice,
press E N T E R twice.
Select one of the 6 display options for the local indicator.
The available options are:
rate %
rate
tot al
rate%, total
rate, total
rate, rat e%
Using the p r mt r key
move to parameter E02: DispSelect .
Using I NC or D E C move
to the display option of your
choice, press E NT twice to
select.
Rate in percent of span.
Rate in engineering units.
Totalized flow in engineering
units.
Alternating display; rate in
percent of span and total flow.
Alternating display; rate in
engineering units total flow.
Alternating display; rate in
engineering units and rate in
percent of span.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 70
MAINTENANCE
4.1.13 Setting the low cut flowrate
The low cut flowrate is a digital cut-off that can be configured to force the analog or pulse output to 0%
when the flow is below a predetermined value. This parameter is used especially to lock out erroneous
flow signals that may occur below Qmin, where it may be desirable to have the meter drop to zero rather
than provide erroneous readings.
To set the low cut flowrate; move to menu H: Maintenance , then move down to H07: L.C. Flowr at e . Using
the numeric keypad input the low flow cut-off flowrate in flow span units. Once this value is stored, any
signal below the low cut flowrate will generate a 0% output.
H :Maintenance
H07 :L.C. Flowrate
10
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
Move to parameter H07, input the desired low flow cut-off value in flow span units,
i.e. 10 Gal/min.
Press E n t e r twice.Press e n t twice.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 71
MAINTENANCE
4.1.14 Trimming the 4-20 mA analog output
The 4-20 mA analog output circuit is accurately calibrated at the factory using precision test equipment.
Field adjustment of this circuit is rarely required. This adjustment should not be made when there is a
suspected offset of the 4 mA point due to noise such as pipe line vibration, in this case, please refer to
signal conditioning.
If you find it necessary to trim the 4 mA and/or 20 mA value, it can be adjusted digitally with the
handheld terminal. An example of when to use this adjustment would be when there is a 250Ω resistor in
the loop changing the output to 1 - 5 volts. If the resistor value is not exact, an offset error of either the 4
mA (1V) and/or 20 mA (5V) reading will occur.
To digitally trim the current output, refer to the following formula and example to determine the correct
digital trim parameter settings. The parameter H08 : Tri m 4mA is used to adjust the 4 mA (or 0%) output,
and parameter H09 :Trim 20mA is used to adjust the 20 mA (or 100%)
H :Maintenance
H08 :TRIM 4ma
0.45 %
H09 :Trim 20ma
1.25 %
H08 :TRIM 4ma
0.8993 %
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
Move to parameter H08, re-enter the
value shown, (.45 this example) press
E n t e r twice. The output will go to
0%. (Don’ t press OK until you are ready
to leave this parameter).
Read the analog output at 0% and record it as X (3.93mA this example).
Record the original value of H08 (0.45 this example).
Move to parameter H09 and re-enter the
value shown, (1.25 this example) press
e n t e r twice. The output will go to
100%. (Don’ t press OK until you are
ready to leave this parameter).
Read the analog output at 100% and record it as Y (19.72mA this example).
Record the original value of H09 (1.25 this example).
Calculate the New H08 setting using X and Y from above in Equation 1.
Calculate the New H09 setting using X and Y from above in Equation 2.
Store the New H08 setting (confirm the output goes to 4 mA or 0%).
Move to parameter H08 and press e n t
twice.
Move to parameter H09 : TRIM 20ma and
press e n t twice.
H09 :Trim 20ma
2.58%
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 72
Store the New H09 setting (confirm the output goes to 20 mA or 100%).
MAINTENANCE
milliAmp example:
Calculate the new settings using X and Y values from above:
(Equation 1)
NEW H08 setting = ( 4 - X ) / ( Y - X ) * 100 + orig. H08 setting
The upload/download feature of the BT100/200 allows for one meter to be configured for an application
and then be copied to other meters with a minimum of key strokes. Note: Only the parameters in menu B
and C will be transferred via the upload/download procedure. The tag number will not be transferred.
To UPLOAD a configuration:
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
1.Attach the handheld terminal leads to the appropriate
instrument.
2.Using the BT100/200 set up the parameters in the YEWFLO as
required, or go to step 3 if the YEWFLO is already setup.
3.From the menu screen, press
F 4 , (E S C ) soft key to go to
the Function menu. Scroll
down and select the UPLOAD TOHHT choice.
4.Press E NT E R twice to
begin the upload.
5.
Do not disconnect the leads until the UPLOAD DONE or uploadCOMPLETE message is displayed. Note: Only one configuration at
a time may be stored in either the BT100 or BT200.
From any menu or parameter
display, press the UP L D
key.
Press the E NT twice to begin
the upload.
To DOWNLOAD a stored configuration:
BT200 handheld terminalBT100 handheld terminal
1.Attach the handheld terminal leads to the appropriate
instrument.
2.From the menu screen, press
F 4 , (ESC) soft key to go to
the Function menu. Scroll
down and select the DOWNLOADTO I NST choice.
Press E N T E R twice to
begin the download.
3.
Do not disconnect the leads until the Download DONE orDOWNLOAD COMP LETE message is displayed. Note: This same
configuration may be downloaded to as many YEWFLO meters
as are required.
Note: Only the parameters in menu B and C will be transferred via the upload/download procedure. The
tag number will not be transferred.
From any menu or parameter
display, press the DN L D
key.
Press E N T twice to begin the
download.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 74
MAINTENANCE
4.2DISASSEMBLYANDREASSEMBLY
This section describes disassembly and reassembly procedures required for maintenance and parts
replacement. For replacement parts, see the parts list at the end of this manual.
Before disassembling the transmitter, turn the power off and release the pressure. Be sure to use the
proper tools for disassembling and reassembling.
Caution:It is prohibited by law for the user to modify flameproof instruments. This includes adding or
removing indicators. If modification is required, contact Yokogawa Industrial Automation.
4.2.1Indicator/Totalizer removal
When servicing the amplifier, follow procedures below.
1)Turn the power off.
2)Remove the cover.
3)Completely loosen the four indicator mounting screws using a Phillips head screwdriver.
4)Disconnect the cable connector from the amplifier unit .
5)Pull out the indicator.
6)To reinstall the indicator, follow these steps in reverse order (step 5 to step 1).
7)The ribbon cable key located on top of the connector should face upward when installed.
4.2.2Amplifier replacement
Replace the amplifier as follows:
1)Turn the power off.
2)Remove the converter cover.
3)If required, remove the indicator as described in section 4.2.1.
4)Slightly loosen the three (3) terminal screws and remove the leadwires from the P, + and -
Figure 4.2.1: Removing and reinstalling the indicator
terminals. Don't drop the screws.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 75
MAINTENANCE
5)Completely loosen the three amplifier mounting screws and remove the amplifier as shown
in figure 4.2.1.
Caution:To avoid damaging the connector pins, do not rotate the amplifier unit.
6)When reinstalling the amplifier in the converter, match the connector pin positions with the
socket then gently push the amplifier back into position. Don't push too hard or you will
bend the pins.
7)Tighten the amplifier mounting screws.
8)Reconnect the leadwires to the amplifier. The sensor wires must be connected to the proper
terminals for the amplifier to work correctly.
9)Set flowmeter parameters in the new amplifier.
4.3VORTEX SHEDDER ASSEMBLY REMOVAL
Disassemble the vortex flowmeter only if the it performs abnormally. First determine the problem. Is
buildup causing problems in the assembly or is it bad. You can check for buildup when you remove
the shedder from the meter. If it slides out freely, buildup is not the problem. If it sticks, you should
clean around the bottom socket and edges to remove residue. The following steps detail removal and
reassembly procedures.
4.3.1Removal of shedder from remote converter type
1)Remove the terminal box cover.
2)Loosen the two terminal screws and disconnect the sensor
TerminalWire
PBlack
+Red
-White
wires (A & B).
3)Remove the bracket mounting bolts and remove the terminal box and bracket
simultaneously. Carefully remove the terminal box by first straightening the sensor wires. To
avoid damaging the wires, squeeze the wires as you slide the terminal out.
4)Remove the vortex shedder assembly mounting bolts then remove the assembly. Check for
buildup around the shedder bar holes and inside the meter.
5)When reassembling the vortex shedder bar assembly, reverse the above procedure making
sure the arrow on the plate is aligned with the flow on the meter body.
ColorWire
RedA
WhiteB
Table 4.3.1: Sensor Wire Color Code
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 76
MAINTENANCE
Figure 4.3.1: Disassembling and Reassembling the Vortex Shedder Assembly
Caution:When the shedder assembly is disassembled, the gasket must be replaced with a new gasket.
4.3.2Removal of the shedder from integral type
1)Remove the converter cover.
2)Remove the amplifier. Refer to section 4.2.2 for directions.
3)Loosen the two terminal screws to disconnect sensor wires (A & B).
4)Remove the bracket mounting bolts and remove the terminal box and bracket
simultaneously. Carefully remove the terminal box by first straightening the sensor wires. To
avoid damaging the wires, squeeze the wires as you slide the terminal out.
5)Remove the vortex shedder assembly mounting bolts then remove the assembly. Check for
buildup around the shedder bar holes and inside the meter.
6)When reassembling the vortex shedder bar assembly, reverse the above procedure making
sure the arrow on the plate is aligned with the flow on the meter body.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 77
MAINTENANCE
Figure 4.3.2: Disassembling and Reassembling the Vortex Shedder Assembly
4.4RE ASSEMBLY CAUTIONS
1)Use a new gasket.
2)Orient the shedder bar with the wider surface upstream. Align the guide pin on the vortex
shedder mounting block with the guide pin hole (1" - 4" flowmeters only). See figure 4.4.1.
3)Install the vortex shedder assembly properly.
4)Tighten all mounting bolts with a torque wrench. Use table 4.4.1 to determine the correct
torque value.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 78
MAINTENANCE
Figure 4.4.1: Vortex Shedder Bar Orientation
For high temperature assemblies (option /HPT), first tighten the bolts with a torque wrench applying
the A value. Next, completely loosen all the bolts and retighten with a torque wrench this time using
the B value.
5)Insert the sensor wires through the bottom hole of the terminal box. Slowly lower the
terminal box until the bracket touches the flowmeter shoulder. Be sure to keep the sensor
wires vertical while lowering the terminal box.
6)After assembly, confirm that there is no leakage.
4.4.1YEWFLO shedder bolt torque procedure
Table 4.4.1 summarizes the torque values which should be used when reinstalling a shedder bar in
any YEWFLO Vortex meter. When reading this table, please keep the following in mind:
1)Use the TEFLON COATED GASKET table for all meters with teflon-coated gaskets.
2)Use the SILVER PLATED GASKET tables for all meters with silver-coated gaskets
regardless of whether they have a high-temperature sensor.
3)For meters with four bolts, tighten alternate bolts to produce an even compression of the
gasket.
4)Enter the appropriate table using the meter size. Tighten all bolts to the value shown in the
first column. When finished, tighten all bolts to the value shown in the second column.
Continue this procedure until all bolts are tightened to the highest torque value.
5)For meters with silver-coated gaskets, begin by using the table labeled 1st round. When
complete, unscrew all attachment bolts until the gasket compression plate is loose. Retighten
all bolts using the values shown in the table marked 2nd round. Notice that some torque
values are less for the second tightening sequence than for the first.
Before calibrating the YEWFLO style E you will need to have the following tools on hand:
ItemRecommended InstrumentsRemarks
Power Supply24 VDC ±10% (Ripple <
Load Resistance (250 ohm) ±0.005%4-20 mA DC version only
VoltmeterModel 2506A digital multimeter (accuracy ±0.05%) 4-20 mA DC version only
OscilloscopeOptionalOptional
BRAIN terminal BT100 or BT200 handheld terminalFor parameter setting
The YEWFLO Style “E” amplifier is microprocessor-based and in normal operation the span vs.
output relationship is checked automatically through the microprocessor’ s calculations. If it is
necessary to prove the span/output relationship or generally check the correct operation of the
amplifier, the following procedure can be followed. The procedure consists of two sections.
Section 4.5.1 may be performed independently, but Section 4.5.2 and/or 4.5.3 should be
performed only after Section 4.5.1 has been completed.
±50mV)
If the amplifier is checked in the instrument shop, be sure the amplifier case is well grounded. On
remote amplifiers, besides grounding the case be sure to short terminals A, B, and C and ground
them to the case. If checking an amplifier on a meter in-line, be sure the amplifier is well grounded
and a no-flow condition exists.
Connect the amplifier as shown in 4.5.1. Apply power for at least five minutes before testing.
Before beginning, check to be sure that all parameter settings are as specified in the programming
sheet which was included with the flowmeter instructions. If there is any discrepancy, correct the
Figure 4.5.1
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 81
MAINTENANCE
program values. If the amplifier has been reconfigured to accommodate new process conditions or
the programming sheet is not available, it will be necessary to generate a new sheet by running the
YEWFLO sizing program. Contact your Yokogawa Industrial Automation representative for a copy
of the sizing program.
Note:For the remote amplifier, terminals A, B & C should be shorted together; otherwise, electrical noise
may interfere.
4.5.1General amplifier check-out
a.Access parameter H06 (NOISE JUDGE) and set to “ NOT ACTIVE” .
b.Access parameter G02 (SPAN FREQUENCY) and record this value. Attach a calibrated
frequency generator to test points TP2 and COM2 and inject the same frequency as read in
parameter G02.
c.Access parameter G01 (FREQUENCY) and confirm that this value agrees with the
frequency in Step b above to within ±0.1%. Agreement of these two values confirms the
general internal operation of the amplifier. Any discrepancy in these two values indicates a
problem with the amplifier which may require amplifier replacement. Contact the Yokogawa
Industrial Automation Service Department for assistance at 1-800-524-7378.
d.If you wish to stop here, disconnect the frequency generator, return parameter H06 to
“ ACTIVE” . Otherwise, leave the frequency generator connected and parameters H06 and
any correction functions deactivated and proceed to the next section to confirm amplifier
calibration.
4.5.2Analog output test
Before beginning this section, perform the amplifier checkout procedure, steps 4.5.1a - d above.
a.Check the PULSE/ANALOG jumpers on the front of the amplifier to be sure they are in the
correct position. Access (analog) parameter B02 (OUTPUT) and confirm the setting agrees
with the jumper position.
b.With the frequency generator connected and injecting the frequency per Step 4.5.1b measure
the current being produced by the amplifier. The output should be 20 mA, ±.02 mA.
c.Remove the frequency generator and replace it with a shorting jumper and measure the
output. The output should be 4 mA, ±.02 mA.
d.If there is a discrepancy in the outputs measured in steps b and c, contact the Yokogawa
Industrial Automation Service Department for assistance at 1-800-524-7378. Otherwise,
remove the jumper, return parameter H06 to “ ACTIVE” . Analog testing is complete.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 82
MAINTENANCE
4.5.3Pulse output test
Before beginning this section, perform the amplifier checkout procedure, steps a-d above.
a.Check the PULSE/ANALOG jumpers on the front of the amplifier to be sure they are in the
correct position (pulse). Access parameter B02 (OUTPUT) and confirm the setting agrees
with the jumper position. Access parameter C02 (PULSE RATE) and set it to “UNSC*1” .
b.With the frequency generator connected and injecting the frequency per Step 4.5.1b, connect
a frequency counter across the “ -” and “ P” output screw terminals.
c.Check to be sure the frequency counter reads the frequency specified in Step 4.5.1b above
(±0.1%).
d.Remove the frequency generator and replace it with a jumper. Check to be sure the
frequency counter reads 0 Hz.
e.If there is a discrepancy in the outputs measured in Steps c and d, contact the Yokogawa
Industrial Automation Service Department for assistance at 1-800-524-7378. Otherwise,
remove the jumper, return parameter H06 to “ ACTIVE” , and return parameter C02 to your
required pulse rate setting. Testing is complete.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 83
MAINTENANCE
4.2DISASSEMBLYANDREASSEMBLY
This section describes disassembly and reassembly procedures required for maintenance and parts
replacement. For replacement parts, see the parts list at the end of this manual.
Before disassembling the transmitter, turn the power off and release the pressure. Be sure to use the
proper tools for disassembling and reassembling.
Caution:It is prohibited by law for the user to modify flameproof instruments. This includes adding or
removing indicators. If modification is required, contact Yokogawa Industrial Automation.
4.2.1Indicator/Totalizer removal
When servicing the amplifier, follow procedures below.
1)Turn the power off.
2)Remove the cover.
3)Completely loosen the four indicator mounting screws using a Phillips head screwdriver.
4)Disconnect the cable connector from the amplifier unit .
5)Pull out the indicator.
6)To reinstall the indicator, follow these steps in reverse order (step 5 to step 1).
7)The ribbon cable key located on top of the connector should face upward when installed.
4.2.2Amplifier replacement
Replace the amplifier as follows:
1)Turn the power off.
2)Remove the converter cover.
3)If required, remove the indicator as described in section 4.2.1.
4)Slightly loosen the three (3) terminal screws and remove the leadwires from the P, + and -
Figure 4.2.1: Removing and reinstalling the indicator
terminals. Don't drop the screws.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 75
MAINTENANCE
5)Completely loosen the three amplifier mounting screws and remove the amplifier as shown
in figure 4.2.1.
Caution:To avoid damaging the connector pins, do not rotate the amplifier unit.
6)When reinstalling the amplifier in the converter, match the connector pin positions with the
socket then gently push the amplifier back into position. Don't push too hard or you will
bend the pins.
7)Tighten the amplifier mounting screws.
8)Reconnect the leadwires to the amplifier. The sensor wires must be connected to the proper
terminals for the amplifier to work correctly.
9)Set flowmeter parameters in the new amplifier.
4.3VORTEX SHEDDER ASSEMBLY REMOVAL
Disassemble the vortex flowmeter only if the it performs abnormally. First determine the problem. Is
buildup causing problems in the assembly or is it bad. You can check for buildup when you remove
the shedder from the meter. If it slides out freely, buildup is not the problem. If it sticks, you should
clean around the bottom socket and edges to remove residue. The following steps detail removal and
reassembly procedures.
4.3.1Removal of shedder from remote converter type
1)Remove the terminal box cover.
2)Loosen the two terminal screws and disconnect the sensor
TerminalWire
PBlack
+Red
-White
wires (A & B).
3)Remove the bracket mounting bolts and remove the terminal box and bracket
simultaneously. Carefully remove the terminal box by first straightening the sensor wires. To
avoid damaging the wires, squeeze the wires as you slide the terminal out.
4)Remove the vortex shedder assembly mounting bolts then remove the assembly. Check for
buildup around the shedder bar holes and inside the meter.
5)When reassembling the vortex shedder bar assembly, reverse the above procedure making
sure the arrow on the plate is aligned with the flow on the meter body.
ColorWire
RedA
WhiteB
Table 4.3.1: Sensor Wire Color Code
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 76
MAINTENANCE
Figure 4.3.1: Disassembling and Reassembling the Vortex Shedder Assembly
Caution:When the shedder assembly is disassembled, the gasket must be replaced with a new gasket.
4.3.2Removal of the shedder from integral type
1)Remove the converter cover.
2)Remove the amplifier. Refer to section 4.2.2 for directions.
3)Loosen the two terminal screws to disconnect sensor wires (A & B).
4)Remove the bracket mounting bolts and remove the terminal box and bracket
simultaneously. Carefully remove the terminal box by first straightening the sensor wires. To
avoid damaging the wires, squeeze the wires as you slide the terminal out.
5)Remove the vortex shedder assembly mounting bolts then remove the assembly. Check for
buildup around the shedder bar holes and inside the meter.
6)When reassembling the vortex shedder bar assembly, reverse the above procedure making
sure the arrow on the plate is aligned with the flow on the meter body.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 77
MAINTENANCE
Figure 4.3.2: Disassembling and Reassembling the Vortex Shedder Assembly
4.4RE ASSEMBLY CAUTIONS
1)Use a new gasket.
2)Orient the shedder bar with the wider surface upstream. Align the guide pin on the vortex
shedder mounting block with the guide pin hole (1" - 4" flowmeters only). See figure 4.4.1.
3)Install the vortex shedder assembly properly.
4)Tighten all mounting bolts with a torque wrench. Use table 4.4.1 to determine the correct
torque value.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 78
MAINTENANCE
Figure 4.4.1: Vortex Shedder Bar Orientation
For high temperature assemblies (option /HPT), first tighten the bolts with a torque wrench applying
the A value. Next, completely loosen all the bolts and retighten with a torque wrench this time using
the B value.
5)Insert the sensor wires through the bottom hole of the terminal box. Slowly lower the
terminal box until the bracket touches the flowmeter shoulder. Be sure to keep the sensor
wires vertical while lowering the terminal box.
6)After assembly, confirm that there is no leakage.
4.4.1YEWFLO shedder bolt torque procedure
Table 4.4.1 summarizes the torque values which should be used when reinstalling a shedder bar in
any YEWFLO Vortex meter. When reading this table, please keep the following in mind:
1)Use the TEFLON COATED GASKET table for all meters with teflon-coated gaskets.
2)Use the SILVER PLATED GASKET tables for all meters with silver-coated gaskets
regardless of whether they have a high-temperature sensor.
3)For meters with four bolts, tighten alternate bolts to produce an even compression of the
gasket.
4)Enter the appropriate table using the meter size. Tighten all bolts to the value shown in the
first column. When finished, tighten all bolts to the value shown in the second column.
Continue this procedure until all bolts are tightened to the highest torque value.
5)For meters with silver-coated gaskets, begin by using the table labeled 1st round. When
complete, unscrew all attachment bolts until the gasket compression plate is loose. Retighten
all bolts using the values shown in the table marked 2nd round. Notice that some torque
values are less for the second tightening sequence than for the first.
Before calibrating the YEWFLO style E you will need to have the following tools on hand:
ItemRecommended InstrumentsRemarks
Power Supply24 VDC ±10% (Ripple <
Load Resistance (250 ohm) ±0.005%4-20 mA DC version only
VoltmeterModel 2506A digital multimeter (accuracy ±0.05%) 4-20 mA DC version only
OscilloscopeOptionalOptional
BRAIN terminal BT100 or BT200 handheld terminalFor parameter setting
The YEWFLO Style “E” amplifier is microprocessor-based and in normal operation the span vs.
output relationship is checked automatically through the microprocessor’ s calculations. If it is
necessary to prove the span/output relationship or generally check the correct operation of the
amplifier, the following procedure can be followed. The procedure consists of two sections.
Section 4.5.1 may be performed independently, but Section 4.5.2 and/or 4.5.3 should be
performed only after Section 4.5.1 has been completed.
±50mV)
If the amplifier is checked in the instrument shop, be sure the amplifier case is well grounded. On
remote amplifiers, besides grounding the case be sure to short terminals A, B, and C and ground
them to the case. If checking an amplifier on a meter in-line, be sure the amplifier is well grounded
and a no-flow condition exists.
Connect the amplifier as shown in 4.5.1. Apply power for at least five minutes before testing.
Before beginning, check to be sure that all parameter settings are as specified in the programming
sheet which was included with the flowmeter instructions. If there is any discrepancy, correct the
Figure 4.5.1
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 81
MAINTENANCE
program values. If the amplifier has been reconfigured to accommodate new process conditions or
the programming sheet is not available, it will be necessary to generate a new sheet by running the
YEWFLO sizing program. Contact your Yokogawa Industrial Automation representative for a copy
of the sizing program.
Note:For the remote amplifier, terminals A, B & C should be shorted together; otherwise, electrical noise
may interfere.
4.5.1General amplifier check-out
a.Access parameter H06 (NOISE JUDGE) and set to “ NOT ACTIVE” .
b.Access parameter G02 (SPAN FREQUENCY) and record this value. Attach a calibrated
frequency generator to test points TP2 and COM2 and inject the same frequency as read in
parameter G02.
c.Access parameter G01 (FREQUENCY) and confirm that this value agrees with the
frequency in Step b above to within ±0.1%. Agreement of these two values confirms the
general internal operation of the amplifier. Any discrepancy in these two values indicates a
problem with the amplifier which may require amplifier replacement. Contact the Yokogawa
Industrial Automation Service Department for assistance at 1-800-524-7378.
d.If you wish to stop here, disconnect the frequency generator, return parameter H06 to
“ ACTIVE” . Otherwise, leave the frequency generator connected and parameters H06 and
any correction functions deactivated and proceed to the next section to confirm amplifier
calibration.
4.5.2Analog output test
Before beginning this section, perform the amplifier checkout procedure, steps 4.5.1a - d above.
a.Check the PULSE/ANALOG jumpers on the front of the amplifier to be sure they are in the
correct position. Access (analog) parameter B02 (OUTPUT) and confirm the setting agrees
with the jumper position.
b.With the frequency generator connected and injecting the frequency per Step 4.5.1b measure
the current being produced by the amplifier. The output should be 20 mA, ±.02 mA.
c.Remove the frequency generator and replace it with a shorting jumper and measure the
output. The output should be 4 mA, ±.02 mA.
d.If there is a discrepancy in the outputs measured in steps b and c, contact the Yokogawa
Industrial Automation Service Department for assistance at 1-800-524-7378. Otherwise,
remove the jumper, return parameter H06 to “ ACTIVE” . Analog testing is complete.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 82
MAINTENANCE
4.5.3Pulse output test
Before beginning this section, perform the amplifier checkout procedure, steps a-d above.
a.Check the PULSE/ANALOG jumpers on the front of the amplifier to be sure they are in the
correct position (pulse). Access parameter B02 (OUTPUT) and confirm the setting agrees
with the jumper position. Access parameter C02 (PULSE RATE) and set it to “UNSC*1” .
b.With the frequency generator connected and injecting the frequency per Step 4.5.1b, connect
a frequency counter across the “ -” and “ P” output screw terminals.
c.Check to be sure the frequency counter reads the frequency specified in Step 4.5.1b above
(±0.1%).
d.Remove the frequency generator and replace it with a jumper. Check to be sure the
frequency counter reads 0 Hz.
e.If there is a discrepancy in the outputs measured in Steps c and d, contact the Yokogawa
Industrial Automation Service Department for assistance at 1-800-524-7378. Otherwise,
remove the jumper, return parameter H06 to “ ACTIVE” , and return parameter C02 to your
required pulse rate setting. Testing is complete.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 83
PARAMETER SETTING/CONFIGURATION
V.PARAMETER SETTING/CONFIGURATION
parameters.
A symbol for delimiting a parameter setting item number and a parameter data
0
%; display mode
Instantaneous flow rate is displayed as 0.0 to 110.0%.
3
rate and totalized flow mode
are alternately displayed.
Instantaneous flow rate (engineering unit) and totalized flow rate
5.1NOTESONTHE TBL OPTIONALDIGITALDISPLAY
The TBL digital display may be used to set most of the parameters required to configure the
YEWFLO. In the Parameter list each item is marked to indicate whether that parameter can be set or
not. Due to the limited number of digits available in the TBL display, the full item identification is not
possible. Tables 5.1.1 and 5.1.2 describe the item numbers and their function on the TBL display.
Figure 5.1.1: Integral Indicator/Totalizer Display
ItemDescription
Display section: Displays data, units, parameter setting item numbers, and
Setting section:
Attach unit labels if those other than displayed units are to be used. Sets parameter
item numbers and parameter data using
setting keys.
Decimal point
S E T, S HI F T ,
Setting key
and
I NC
parameter
Table 5.1.1: Mode Name List
Display Mode
NumberNameContents
Instantaneous flow as an engineering unit is displayed using 0
1Display in engineering unit mode
2Display in totalized flow mode
4
5
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 84
Display alternates between % flow
Display alternates between flow rate
in engineering units and totalized
flow mode
Display alternates between
instantaneous flow rates in
engineering unit and %
Table 5.1.2: Description of display
to 32000.
Totalized flow is displayed as 0 to 999999 without indicating the
decimal point.
Instantaneous flow rate (%) and totalized flow (engineering unit)
(engineering unit) are alternately displayed.
Instantaneous flow rates are alternately displayed as
engineering units and percentage (%).
PARAMETER SETTING/CONFIGURATION
As shown on As shown on TBLAs shown on As shown on TBL
Mode (status)
the BT100/BT200TBL indicator/the BT100/BT200TBL indicator/
Available modes include normal, setting and alarm number display. Each is described in detail in
table 5.1.3.
No.
name
1Normal mode---A mode in which instantaneous flow rates or totalized values
2Setting modeSETIn this mode, parameter contents are confirmed or data is
3Alarm number
display mode
Key
operation
are displayed. Display content is usually selected either in
display content selection mode or by setting parameters via
BRAIN™ communication.
updated using the setting section. The mode is changed to
this mode when
---This mode is overlapped when an alarm is occurring in
normal mode. The alarm number presentation to indicate
alarm contents (about 2 secs) and the normal data display
(about 4 secs) are repeated alternatively.
Display contents
is pressed in normal mode.
S E T
Table 5.1.4: Display Mode Number List
• Normal Mode
The normal mode will display the instantaneous flow rate or totalized flow. The six available
display modes are shown in Table 5.1.1.
To access the Setting mode press the S E T key which transfers to the “ setting mode” status.
The left two digits indicate the parameter item number and the four digits to the right of the “ : “
indicate the parameter data content.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 85
PARAMETER SETTING/CONFIGURATION
Figure 5.1.2: Integral Indicator/Totalizer Setting and Display Sections
Once in the “ SET” mode change the parameter item number using the I NC key and move the
flashing digits using the S HI F T key. Press the s et key to move to the setting mode. Change the
parameter data value and the decimal point position using the I n c key and shift the flashing digit
using the S HI F T key. Once the parameter has been set correctly, press the s et key once. The
entire display will then flash. Confirm the setting by pressing the s e t again. The flashing will stop.
The parameter is then set. When all parameter settings have been correctly set, press s e t and
S HI F T keys simultaneously. The display is now returned to the normal mode. If the setting has
been done outside the proper operating parameters, alarm is displayed.
• Setting Mode
The display mode can be changed using either the BT100 using parameter “ E02: Disp Select” or the
integral indicator/totalizer (TBL) by using the E2 parameter item.
Caution:While in the setting mode using the TBL, do not access the amplifier using the BT100, Centum
or XL distributed control system with BRAIN™ communications.
• Alarm Number Display Mode
When an alarm occurs, alarm number display and normal display are alternately displayed on the TBL
to indicate an alarm condition exists, provided the TBL is in the normal mode.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 86
PARAMETER SETTING/CONFIGURATION
SequenceKey OperationDisplayDescription
0
1
S E T
Press
2
I NC
I NC
I NC
3
S H I F T
I NC
4
S E T
I NC
5
S E T
S E T
6
S E T
S E T
and
key
S H I F T
¤Flashing display position is
changeable changeableSetting mode
¤[C1] is displayed.• Press
¤[d1] is displayed.• Press
¤Display contents are different from
which values were set.
100.00%
0 2 :_ _0 0
E 1 :_ _0 0• Press
E 1 :_ _0 0
E 2 :_ _0 0•
E 2 :_ _0 0
E 2 :_ _0 0
E 2 :_ _0 0
123456 kgMode returns to normal.
Normal mode
Example of totalized value
• Press
• Parameter item number can be changed.
• When
position moves to E.
I NC
• Next, press
moves to far right.
¤Parameter contents can be set.
• Press
• Press
display position to the far left.
key to enter setting mode.
S E T
key
I NC
key
I NC
INC
key
S H I F T
key is pressed, 1 changes to 2.
S E T
S E T
key is pressed, flashing display
key, flashing display position
S E T
key once display is flashing.
key once more to move flashing
Table 5.1.5: Display mode change sequence
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 87
VI.ERROR CODES
Effect on Output
Effect on Indication via local Digital Display
Error
No.
Diagnostic
Message
Error definition and
Probability Cause
Current
Output
Pulse Output
Rate in %
Output
Rate in
Engineering
Units
TotalizerCorrective Action
1
Over
Output
This error signifies that the
flow exceeds the meter span
by over 110%.
Output driven
to a fixed
110%.
Normal
Operation
Indication is
driven to a
fixed 110% of
the span.
Normal
Operation
Normal
Operation
Respan the meter or
correct the overrange
condition.
2
Span Set
error
A span setting error
indicates that the span
velocity limits have been
exceeded. (32 ft/sec for
liquids and 262 ft/sec for
gas). Sensor may be
damaged. Contact
Yokogawa Industrial
Automation service
department for analysis.
Output may be
non-linear.
Output may be
non-linear.
Output may be
non-linear.
Output may be
non-linear.
Output may be
non-linear.
Correct the span
setting in parameter
B51 and B52 to meet
the velocity
limitations of the
meter.
3
NJ circuit
error
Noise discrimination circuit
is not functioning properly.
Normal
Operation
Normal
Operation
Normal
Operation
Normal
Operation
Normal
Operation
Amplifier replacement
required. Contact
Yokogawa Industrial
Automation service
dept.
4
Pulse Out
error
The pulse output span has
exceeded 6K Hertz.
Normal
Operation
Output is
limited to 6K
Hertz.
Normal
Operation
Normal
Operation
Normal
Operation
Check parameter
settings, in particular
C02.
5
EE Prom
error
EE prom is not functioning
correctly.
Output is fixed
at 1.25%.
No output
Output is fixed
at -1.25%.
Output is fixed
at 0.0%.
No output
Amplifier replacement
required. Contact
Yokogawa Industrial
Automation service
dept.
---CPU error
The CPU has failed and the
meter is not functioning.
The display and selfdiagnostics are completely
inoperable.
Output is fixed
at 1.25%.
No outputNo outputNo outputNo output
Amplifier replacement
required. Contact
Yokogawa Industrial
Automation service
dept.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 88
6.1ERROR CODE LISTING
TROUBLESHOOTING
TROUBLESHOOTING
6.2OPERATING PROCEDURES
The Vortex shedding flowmeter is a frequency measuring device. The frequency is generated as
described in the ‘ Principle of Operation’ section, and is linear and proportional to flow velocity. The
electronics convert this frequency into a flow rate signal suitable for your process, providing either an
Analog 4-20 mA or powered voltage pulse output.
This troubleshooting section is designed to familiarize you with the electronic circuit, and internal
software operation.
Operating range:
Before proceeding, double check your process conditions and insure that the desired flow rate is within
the operating range, greater than minimum (Qmin) and less than maximum (Qmax). Please reference
the YEWFLO sizing program, or refer to section 1.4 Basic Sizing.
Electronic Circuit Operation:
If the operating flow rate is above Qmin, the vortex shedder with a piezoelectric sensor assembly
should generate a frequency signal proportional to flow rate.
The following circuit configuration is a simplified block diagram of the actual circuit. Some details
are left out for clarity.
Figure 6.2.1: Circuit Configuration
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 89
TROUBLESHOOTING
1.Vortex Shedder (Sensor): The shedder bar assembly (sensor) may be integrally mounted to
the amplifier or remotely connected via a special signal cable. In any case, the piezoelectric
crystal signal is amplified by a high impedance preamplifier circuit.
2.Noise Balance: The Noise Balance function maximizes the signal to noise (S/N) ratio by
mixing the two crystal input signals. One crystal measures primarily flow frequency. The
other crystal measures primarily frequencies due to noise. This parameter is factory set, but
on occasion may need to be adjusted after installation. By properly balancing these signals in
a one time setup, the S/N ratio is maximized.
3.Gain: The balanced signal is then amplified by the gain stage. The gain is automatically set
when meter size and application (liquid or gas) are selected. This parameter should not
normally be adjusted, unless directed by the factory.
4.After the gain stage the signal is split. One signal is used to measure frequency, proportional
to flow velocity. The other signal is used to measure amplitude, proportional to fluid
momentum, for Noise Judge calculations.
5.Band Pass and High Frequency (H.F.) Filter: The frequency signal is filtered by both a
Band Pass filter and a High Frequency Filter. Filter settings are automatically set when meter
size and application are selected.
6.The output of the filter stage may be measured by a voltmeter or viewed with an Oscilloscope
at the TP2 and Com2 test points.
7.Trigger Level Adjustment (TLA): The filtered waveform is then converted to a square wave
by comparing its amplitude to the Trigger Level Adjustment (TLA) setting. The resulting
square wave may be viewed at the P and Com2 test points. The frequency of this square wave
is directly proportional to velocity.
8.The flow rate frequency is then input to the CPU for further calculation.
9.Noise Judge circuit: Simultaneous to steps 5 through 8, the Noise Judge circuit measures the
average signal amplitude.
10.The vortex signal is converted from an AC voltage to a DC voltage using a simple
rectification circuit. The Noise Judge circuit then outputs a frequency proportional to signal
amplitude.
11.The Noise Judge frequency is then input to the CPU for further calculation.
12.CPU input: The CPU then uses the frequency inputs to compute actual flow rate, and
perform Noise Judge signal discrimination.
13.Circuit Output: Based on the software flow diagram (shown below) the CPU outputs a
frequency proportional to flow rate. The CPU output frequency may be observed at the CPU
PLS and COM1 test points. This frequency output is then converted based on the output
selection jumpers to either a 4-20 mA current signal, or frequency.
14.Analog Output: If the software and jumpers are set for analog output, the CPU frequency is
in the range of 1000 Hz to 5000 Hz. The frequency to current (f/i) circuit will convert this to
4-20 mA.
15.Pulse Output: If the software and jumpers are set for pulse output, the CPU frequency will
be scaled (or unscaled) according to the software settings. The low level CPU frequency will
be converted to a powered voltage output pulse by the pulse output driver circuit as shown.
Software calculation:
The equations at the end of this section describe how the flow rate is calculated from the input
frequency. These equations are presented for reference only. It is not necessary to become familiar
with them to operate a vortex flowmeter.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 90
TROUBLESHOOTING
The software configuration flow chart is a simplified diagram, some details are left out for clarity.
Figure 6.2.2: Software Configuration
1.The flow rate frequency is input to the CPU and displayed in parameter G01.
2.The Noise Judge then discriminates whether this signal is flow rate or noise, based on the
settings of B08 (Min. Density) and H06 (Noise Judge). If noise judge determines the signal to
be flow, it is passed to Low Cut.
3.The Low Cut function (performed by H07 L.C. Flow rate) determines if the signal frequency
is greater than that input at H07, the Low Cut Flow rate. If the signal exceeds Low Cut, it is
then passed on to be computed into an actual flow rate and appropriately scaled for output
and totalization.
4.The resulting flow signal is then smoothed according to the damping value set in parameter
B53.
5.Error correction functions are applied to the damped flow signal. Refer to the appropriate
How to listing for details.
6.From this point the CPU calculates the appropriate values for analog and pulse output, and/or
for totalization and rate display.
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 91
TROUBLESHOOTING
6.3FLOWCOMPUTATION
The flowrate is computed with the following equations based on the N number of generated vortices:
• Flowrate (in engineering units)
RATE = N * 1
KT = KM * {1 - 4.81 x (Tf - 15) x 10-5}...Metric Units
KT = KM * {1 - 2.627 x (Tf - 15) x 10-5}...English Units
• Flowrate (%)
RATE (%) = RATE * 1
• Totalized value
TOTAL = N * εf * εe * εr * ε
* εf * εe * εr * ε
∆tKT S
F
*1 * UKT * Uk * 1
p
S
* UKT * Uk * 1
*1
p
KT T
E
E
TOTAL = εf * εe * εr * ε
*N...Unscaled
p
• Velocity
V = N * 1
* 1 * UKT* 1
∆t KT πD
2
• Reynolds number
Red = V * D * pf * 1
x 1000...Metric Units
µ
Red = V * D * pf * 1
x 124...English Units
µ
6.3.1Variable definitions
NInput pulses counted
DtSample time for N counts (seconds)
ε
r
ε
p
ε
e
ε
f
Reynolds number correction factor (D01 - D03)
Pipe schedule correction factor (D05)
Expansion correction factor for gas or steam (D06)
Flow linearization correction factor (D20 - D30)
KTK-factor at operating temperature (pulses/litre) (pulses/gal)
KMK-factor at 15ºC (59ºF) (B06)
U
kt
U
k
Unit conversion factor for K-factor
Flow unit conversion factor (Refer to item (2))
Uk(user)Flow unit conversion factor for user's unit
U
TM
S
E
P
E
T
f
Factor corresponding to flow unit time (ex./m (minute) is 60)
Span factor (ex. E + 3 is 103) (B51)
Pulse rate (ex. E + 3 is 103) (C03)
Temperature at operating conditions (ºC) (ºF) (B10)
MMass flow
HCalorimetric flow
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 92
TROUBLESHOOTING
Q
n
Q
f
ρ
f
h
f
T
n
P
f
P
n
Volumetric flow at standard conditions
Volumetric flow at operating conditions
Density at operating conditions (B14 or B19)
Specific enthalpy (kcal/kg), (Btu/lb) (B20)
Standard temperature
Operating pressure (kg/cm2abs), (psia)
Standard pressure (kg/cm2abs), (psia) (B27)
KDeviation factor for gas (B28)
ρ
n
F
S
T
E
Density at standard temperature and standard pressure (kg/Nm3), (lb/scf)
Flowrate span (B52)
Total rate (C01)
DInternal diameter (m), (inch) (B03)
µviscosity (cP)
ρ
f
Density at operating conditions (kg/m3), (lb/ft3)
• Conversion factors
Unit conversion factors:U
k(kg)
Uk(Btu), Uk(scf), Uk(acf)
, Uk(cal), Uk(Nm3), Uk(m3), Uk(lb),
Kilogram conversion factors:U
Actual cubic feet conversion factors:U
K-factor conversion factors:U
= 1 for a kilogram
k(kg)
U
= 0.001 for a metric ton
k(kg)
= 1 for acf
k(acf)
U
= 7.481 for a gallon
k(acf)
1/1000 (litre m3)
kt
U
0.3369 (USgal to actual cubic feet)
kt
User's unit conversion factorUk = Uk (user) (C09)
For more information, refer to How to setup user defined units in the How to section of this manual.
6.3.2Flow conversion factor (Uk)
Flow conversion factor Uk is obtained from the following computation depending on the fluid selected
(B04) and the flow units.
• Steam
M (Mass flowrate)U
H (Heat quantity)U
U
U
= ρ
k
= ρ
k
= Uρ
k
= Uρ
k
* Uk(kg)
f
* Uk(lb)
f
* hf*Uhf * Uk(kg)
f
* hf*Uhf * Uk(lb)
f
Qf (Flowrate at operation)Uk = Uk (m3)
Uk = Uk (acf)
• Gas
Qn (Flowrate at STP)
M (Mass flowrate)U
U
= Pf * Tn + 273.15 * 1 * Uk (Nm3)
k
Pn Tf + 273.15 K
= ρf * Uρ
k
U
= ρf * Uρ
k
* Uk(kg)
f
* Uk(lb)
f
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 93
TROUBLESHOOTING
Qf (Flowrate)
• Liquid
Qf (Flowrate)Uk = Uk (m3)
M (Mass flowrate)Uk = pf * U(kg)
6.4SIGNAL CONDITIONING
6.4.1YEWFLO Style “E” signal adjustment procedure
The YEWFLO Style “ E” vortex flowmeter is a powerful, microprocessor-based instrument whose
noise discrimination functions have been factory-set for optimum performance based on customer
supplied application information. For most applications, these factory settings are ideal and should not
require adjustment by the user. However, difficult applications which generate a noisy output signal
may require fine tuning of these functions in an effort to better discriminate signal from noise.
There are five parameters associated with these functions: noise balance, TLA, low-cut frequency,
high-cut frequency and noise judge. This procedure will direct the user in the application of these
functions based on installation specific symptoms. One or more of these adjustments should correct
most of the problems that may be experienced. If problems persist, please contact our Technical
Assistance Center (TAC) 800-524-7378.
U
= Uk (m3)
k
Uk = Uk (acf)
Uk = Uk (acf)
U
= 7.481 x ρ
k
* U(lb) (7.481 is a conversion factor of USgal into acf)
f
6.4.2Problem solving
The type of problems that can be solved using this adjustment procedure include:
• Output occurrence with no flow
• Unstable output at low flow
• High output for a known flow rate
• High output (beyond programmed span)
Before making any adjustments, we recommend exploring other potential reasons and possible
solutions for these problems by checking your piping.
6.4.3Piping checkout procedure
Many noise problems can be solved by some simple changes to the overall piping design. Make the
following checks:
• Make sure there is sufficient straight run upstream and downstream. For further
recommendations, refer "Piping Requirements".
• Check the installation for excessive vibration - 1g max for gas applications and 2g max for
liquid applications. If excessive vibration exists and the pipe is not braced, install
appropriate bracing to dampen the vibration. High vibration piping may require remote
mounting of the amplifier to reduce the amplitude of any transmitted vibration to the
shedder bar. It also may be desirable to mount the meter so the shedder bar is perpendicular
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 94
TROUBLESHOOTING
to the axis of vibration.
• Check the gaskets to be sure they don’ t protrude into the flow stream. If they do, trim them
as required or reinstall them.
• Be sure that wafer style meters are aligned properly using any alignment devices supplied
with the meter.
• If the meter is installed in non-conductive pipe, be sure the body is well grounded using an
external strap.
If a remote amplifier is used, confirm the following:
1)The interconnecting cable was factory terminated. If not properly connected, check the
termination. Refer to "Cable" for more information.
2)The remote electronics housing is w ell grounded.
3)Confirm the remote amplifier is correctly connected to the flowtube. If not properly connected,
an unexpected output can be generated by the amplifier.
If one or more of the symptoms mentioned above still exist after the piping checkout procedure,
perform the Noise Balance Adjustment procedure as follows:
6.4.4Noise balance adjustment (parameter H01)
This adjustment balances the noise component in the output of the two piezoelectric crystals so that a
high signal to noise ratio can be obtained. This is basically a null-balance type adjustment; in other
words adjustment should be made throughout the range of possible values (-5 to +10) to determine the
lowest noise setting. This is not a simple min/max value setting.
Adjustment is made with a full pipe and no flow. If flow cannot be stopped, the best adjustment is
made at low flow rates (less than 1.6 f/s for liquids and 26 f/s for gas).
1)Connect an oscilloscope between test points TP2 and COM2 and observe the signal wave
form. Access parameter H01 and make adjustment throughout the range of possible values to
obtain the lowest noise component of the wave form. See Figure 6.4.1 below for wave form
examples.
Figure 6.4.1: TP2-COM2 Waveform
IM 1F2B4-01-YIA
Page 95
Loading...
+ hidden pages
You need points to download manuals.
1 point = 1 manual.
You can buy points or you can get point for every manual you upload.