YAMAHA DSP-A2 User Manual

NATURAL SOUND AV AMPLIFIER DSP-A2
CINEMA DSP 7ch
VOLUME
INPUT SELECTOR
INPUT MODE
l6
20
l2
8
4
2
0
–dB
BASS TREBLE BALANCE
VCR 2
VIDEO AUX
REC OUT
VCR 1
TV/DBS
PHONO
TUNER
CD
DVD/LD
SOURCE
TAPE/MD
VIDEO AUX
EFFECT
EXT. DECODER
55
4
3
2
l0l
2
3
4
LR
55
4
3
2
l0l
2
3
4
55
4
3
2
l0l
2
3
4
STANDBY/ON
PHONES
BASS
EXTENSION
TONE
BYPASS
A
SPEAKERS
B
PROGRAM
OWNER’S MANUAL
MODE D’EMPLOI
BEDIENUNGSANLEITUNG
BRUKSANVISNING
MANUALE DI ISTRUZIONI
MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES
GEBRUIKSAANWIJZING
OWNER’S MANUAL
MODE D’EMPLOI
BEDIENUNGSANLEITUNG
BRUKSANVISNING
MANUALE DI ISTRUZIONI
MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES
GEBRUIKSAANWIJZING
AMPLIFICATEUR AUDIO-VIDEO
NEXT
SET MENU
NATURAL SOUND AV AMPLIFIER
G B R T
Congratulations!
You are the proud owner of a Yamaha Digital Sound Field Processing (DSP) System—an extremely sophisticated audio component. The DSP system takes full advantage of Yamaha’s undisputed leadership in the field of digital audio processing to bring you a whole new world of listening experiences. Follow the instructions in this manual carefully when setting up your system, and the DSP system will sonically transform your room into a wide range of listening environments—anything from a famous concert hall to a cozy jazz club. In addition, you get incredible realism from most of surround-sound encoded video sources available in the market using the built­in Dolby Pro Logic Surround Decoder, Dolby Digital Decoder and DTS Decoder.
Seven built-in channels of amplification on this model mean that no additional amplifiers are required to enjoy advanced digital sound field processing.
Rather than tell you about the wonders of digital sound field processing, however, let’s get right down to the business of setting up the system and trying out its many capabilities. Please read this operation manual carefully and store it in a safe place for later reference.
1
English
CAUTION .................................................................. 2
INTRODUCTION ....................................................... 3
Features .................................................................... 3
What’s DSP?............................................................. 4
GETTING STARTED ................................................ 7
Getting started.......................................................... 7
Unpacking.............................................................. 7
Opening and closing the front cover ...................... 7
Installing batteries in the remote controller ........... 8
Notes about the remote controller.......................... 8
Controls and their functions................................... 9
Front panel............................................................. 9
Display panel........................................................ 11
PREPARATION ...................................................... 12
Speaker setup......................................................... 12
Connections ........................................................... 14
Audio/video source equipment ............................ 14
Speakers ............................................................. 21
Plugging in this unit ............................................. 24
On screen display.................................................. 25
Selecting the output modes
(“SET MENU” mode) ............................................. 26
Speaker balance adjustment ................................ 29
BASIC OPERATION ............................................... 32
Playing a source .................................................... 32
Recording a source to tape (or MD) or dubbing
from tape (or MD) to tape (or MD)......................... 37
Sound control......................................................... 39
Using digital sound field processor (DSP) ......... 40
Playing a source with an effect of the digital
sound field processor (DSP)................................ 40
Adjusting output level of the center, right rear,
left rear, front effect speakers and subwoofer...... 43
Brief overview of digital sound field programs...... 45
ADVANCED FEATURES ....................................... 50
SET MENU mode ................................................... 50
Creating your own sound fields .......................... 54
Setting the SLEEP timer ....................................... 59
REMOTE CONTROLLER ....................................... 60
Basic operation (Cover is open) .......................... 60
Using the “learning-capable” keys
(Cover is open)....................................................... 62
Using OPERATION CONTROL keys
(Cover is closed) ................................................... 64
Macro operations (Cover is closed) .................... 66
Methods of learning and clearing functions ....... 68
TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................ 71
SPECIFICATIONS .................................................. 74
CONTENTS
2
1. To assure the finest performance, please read this manual
carefully. Keep it in a safe place for future reference.
2. Install this unit in a cool, dry, clean place – away from windows,
heat sources, sources of excessive vibration, dust, moisture and cold. Avoid sources of humming (transformers, motors). To prevent fire or electrical shock, do not expose the unit to rain or water.
3. Never remove the unit cover. Contact your dealer if an object falls
inside the unit.
4. Do not use force on switches, controls or connection wires. When
moving the unit, first disconnect the power plug and the wires connected to other equipment. Never pull on the wires themselves.
5. The openings on the unit cover assure proper ventilation of the
unit. If these openings are obstructed, the temperature inside the unit will rise rapidly. Therefore, avoid placing objects against these openings, and install the unit in a well-ventilated area to prevent fire and damage.
<Europe and U.K. models>
Be sure to allow a space of at least 10 cm behind, 20 cm on the both sides and 30 cm above the top panel of the unit to prevent fire and damage.
6. The voltage used must be the same as that specified on this unit.
Using this unit with a higher voltage than specified is dangerous and may result in fire or other accidents. YAMAHA will not be held responsible for any damage resulting from use of this unit with a voltage other than specified.
7. Digital signals generated by this unit may interfere with other
equipment such as tuners, receivers or TVs. Move this unit farther away from such equipment if interference is observed.
8. Always set the VOLUME control to “– ” before starting the audio
source play. Increase the volume gradually to an appropriate level after playback has been started.
9. Do not attempt to clean the unit with chemical solvents; this might
damage the finish. Use a clean, dry cloth.
10.Be sure to read the “TROUBLESHOOTING” section regarding
common operating errors before concluding that the unit is faulty.
11.When not planning to use this unit for long periods of time,
disconnect the AC power plug from the wall outlet.
12.To prevent lightning damage, disconnect the AC power plug and
antenna cable when there is an electrical storm.
13.Grounding or polarization – Precautions should be taken so that
the grounding or polarization of an appliance is not defeated.
14.Do not connect an audio unit to the AC outlet on the rear panel if
the equipment requires more power than the outlet is rated to provide.
15.Voltage Selector (China and General models only)
The voltage selector on the rear panel of this unit must be set for your local main voltage BEFORE plugging into the AC main supply. Voltages are 110/120/220/240 V AC, 50/60 Hz.
IMPORTANT
Please record the serial number of your unit in the space below. Model: Serial No.: The serial number is located on the rear of the unit.
Retain this Owner’s Manual in a safe place for future reference.
WARNING
TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS UNIT TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.
This unit is not disconnected from the AC power source as long as it is connected to the wall outlet, even if this unit itself is turned off. This state is called the standby mode. In this mode, this unit is designed to consume a small amount of power.
WARNING Do not change the IMPEDANCE SELECTOR switch setting while the power to this unit is on, otherwise this unit may be damaged.
IF THIS UNIT FAILS TO TURN ON WHEN THE STANDBY/ON SWITCH IS PRESSED:
The IMPEDANCE SELECTOR switch may not be set to either end. If so, set the switch to either end when this unit is in the standby mode.
For U.K. customers
If the socket outlets in the home are not suitable for the plug supplied with this appliance, it should be cut off and an appropriate 3 pin plug fitted. For details, refer to the instructions described below. Note: The plug severed from the mains lead must be destroyed, as a plug with bared flexible cord is hazardous if engaged in a live socket outlet.
Special Instructions for U.K. Model
IMPORTANT
THE WIRES IN MAINS LEAD ARE COLOURED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING CODE:
Blue: NEUTRAL Brown: LIVE
As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this apparatus may not correspond with the coloured markings identifying the terminals in your plug, proceed as follows: The wire which is coloured BLUE must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured BLACK. The wire which is coloured BROWN must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter L or coloured RED. Making sure that neither core is connected to the earth terminal of the three pin plug.
CAUTION : Read this before operating your unit.
A
B
REAR
SWITCHED
AC OUTLETS
IMPEDANCE SELECTOR
CENTER : 4ΩMIN. / SPEAKER FRONT :6Ω
MIN. / SPEAKER
REAR:6Ω
MIN. / SPEAKER
MAIN A OR B:4Ω
MIN. / SPEAKER
A B :8Ω
MIN. / SPEAKER
CENTER : 8ΩMIN. / SPEAKER FRONT :8Ω
MIN. / SPEAKER
REAR:8Ω
MIN. / SPEAKER
MAIN A OR B:8Ω
MIN. / SPEAKER
A B :I 6Ω
MIN. / SPEAKER
( SURROUND )
SET BEFORE POWER ON
I00W MAX.
TOTAL
IMPEDANCE SELECTOR
(Europe model)
3
English
7 Channel Power Amplification
Main: 100W + 100W (8) RMS Output
Power, 0.02% THD, 20–20,000 Hz
Center: 100W (8) RMS Output Power,
0.02% THD, 20–20,000 Hz
Rear: 100W + 100W (8) RMS Output
Power, 0.02% THD, 20–20,000 Hz
Front effect:
25W + 25W (8) RMS Output Power, 0.05% THD, 1 kHz
Multi-Mode Digital Sound Field Processing
Digital Sound Field Processor (DSP)
Dolby Digital Decoder
Dolby Pro Logic Surround Decoder
DTS Decoder
CINEMA DSP: Theater-like Sound Experience by the Combination of YAMAHA DSP Technology and Dolby Digital, Dolby Pro Logic or DTS
Automatic Input Balance Control for Dolby Pro Logic Surround
Test Tone Generator for Easier Speaker Balance Adjustment
Speaker Output Mode Selection Capability for the Most Suitable Use of Your Speaker System
Others
“SET MENU” Mode which Provides You with 8 Titles of Setting Changes and Adjustments for Optimizing this Unit for Your Audio/Video System
BASS EXTENSION Button for Reinforcing
Bass Response
On Screen Display Function Helpful in
Controlling This Unit
REC OUT Selector which is Independent of Input Source Selection
SLEEP Timer
OPTICAL and COAXIAL Digital Audio Signal Terminals
6 Channel External Decoder Input for Other Future Formats
Video Signal Input/Output Capability
(Including S Video Connections)
Multi-Functional
remote controller
with
“Learning” Capability
Features
INTRODUCTION
4
Welcome to the exciting world of digital home entertainment. This unit is one of the most complete and advanced AV amplifier available. Some of the more advanced features may not be familiar to you, but they are easy to use. State-of-the-art technologies such as Dolby Digital and Digital Theater Systems (DTS) may be new to your home, but you have probably experienced the amazing realism they bring to feature films in theaters around the world.
To make the listening experience even more enjoyable, this unit includes a number of exclusive, digitally created listening environments known as digital sound fields. Choosing a sound field program is like transporting yourself to such venues as an outdoor arena, a European church, or a cozy jazz club. Take some time now to read more about these features and enjoy the new experiences this unit brings to your home theater.
Digital Sound Field Processing
Technological advances in sound reproduction over the last 30 years have enhanced the listening experience with improved clarity, precision and power. However, something has still been missing: The atmosphere and acoustic ambiance of the public venue. Our Yamaha engineers have extensively researched the nature of sound acoustics and the way sound reflects inside a room. We sent these engineers to famous theaters and concert halls around the world to measure the acoustics of those venues with sophisticated microphones. The data they collected is used to recreate these environments in digital sound fields. Some of these digital sound fields are created using data measured directly at the original venue; others are created from combinations of data to form unique environments for specific purposes.
Of course, that only solves half of the problem. These engineers have no way of knowing the acoustics of your listening room, so we’ve made it possible for you to adjust the various parameters of this data to tailor each virtual venue to your taste. You can use these sound fields to enhance any source and in combination with any of the following surround sound technologies. Some are designed especially for music, and some especially for movies.
Dolby Pro Logic Surround
Dolby Pro Logic Surround has been used in movie theaters since the mid-seventies. It has also been available in home entertainment systems since the late eighties and continues to be a popular format for home theater systems. It uses four discrete channels and five speakers to reproduce realistic and dynamic sound effects: two main channels (left and right), a center channel for dialog, and a rear channel for special sound effects. The rear channel reproduces sound within a narrow frequency range.
Most video tapes and laser discs include Dolby Pro Logic Surround encoding as do many TV and cable broadcasts. The Dolby Pro Logic Surround decoder built into this unit employs a digital signal processing system that stabilizes each channel for even more accurate sound positioning than is available with standard analog processors.
Introduction
What’s DSP?
INTRODUCTION
5
English
Dolby Digital is the next level of Dolby Surround sound system developed for 35 mm film-movies by employing low bit-rate audio coding.
Dolby Digital is a digital surround sound system that provides completely independent multi-channel audio to you. Dolby Digital provides five full range channels in what is sometimes referred to as a “3/2” configuration: three front channels (left, center and right), and two surround channels. A sixth bass-only effect channel is also provided for output of LFE (low frequency effect), or low bass effects that are independent of other channels. (This is called the “subwoofer channel” or “LFE channel”.) This channel is counted as 0.1, thus giving rise to the term 5.1 channels in total.
Compared to Dolby Pro Logic that is referred to a “3/1” system (left front, center, right front and just one surround channel), Dolby Digital features two surround channels, called stereo or split surrounds, each offering the same full range fidelity as the three front channels.
By using the built-in Dolby Digital decoder, you can experience the dramatic realism and impact of Dolby Stereo Digital theater sound in your home. Wide dynamic range of sound reproduced by the five full range channels and precise sound orientation by the digital sound processing presents listeners much excitement and realism that has never been experienced before.
Dolby Digital forms 5.1 channels as mentioned left, and moreover, it can also form fewer channels, for example 2 channel stereo and monaural. You may be able to find some 2 channel stereo and/or monaural sources encoded with Dolby Digital in the market.
Laserdisc and DVD are home audio formats that could benefit from Dolby Digital. In the near future, Dolby Digital will also be applied to DBS, CATV and HDTV. The ongoing release of Dolby Stereo Digital theatrical films now underway will provide an immediate source of Dolby Digital encoded video software.
Manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. “DOLBY”, “AC-3”, “Pro Logic”, and the double-D symbol are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. Copyright 1992 Dolby Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved.
DTS (Digital Theater Systems) system was developed to replace analog soundtracks of movies with six discrete channels of digital soundtracks, and now, it is installed in many theaters around the world. The DTS digital playback system changed the way we experienced movies in theaters with six discrete channels of superb digital audio.
The DTS technology, through intense research and development, made it possible to deliver a similar encode/decode discrete technology to home audio surround­sound entertainment. The DTS Digital Surround is an encode/decode system which delivers six channels of master-quality, 20-bit audio; technically
5.1 channels, which means 5 full-range (left, center, right and two surround) channels, plus a subwoofer (LFE) channel (as “0.1”). It is compatible with the 5.1 speaker configurations that are currently available for home theater systems
The DTS Digital Surround algorithm is designed to encode the six channels of 20-bit audio onto some laserdiscs, compact discs and DVDs with considerably less data-compression.
By using the DTS decoder built into this unit, you can experience the dramatic realism and impact of the DTS installed theater’s high quality sound in your home.
Laserdisc, compact disc and DVD are home audio format within which DTS can represent its high quality multi-channel audio. (In addition to movies on laserdiscs, many exciting new multi-channel music recordings will also become available in the form of DTS-encoded compact discs.)
Manufactured under license from Digital Theater Systems, Inc. US Pat. No. 5,451,942 and other world-wide patents issued and pending. “DTS”, “DTS Digital Surround”, are trademarks of Digital Theater Systems, Inc. Copyright 1996 Digital Theater Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
DTS Digital Surround
Dolby Digital
INTRODUCTION
6
Dolby Pro Logic + 2 Digital Sound Fields
Digital sound fields are created on the presence side and the rear surround side of the Dolby Pro Logic Surround­decoded sound field respectively. They create a wide acoustic environment and emphasize surround-effect in the room, letting you feel much presence as if you were watching a movie in a popular Dolby Stereo theater.
This combination is available when the digital sound field program No. 8, 9, 10, 11 or “PRO LOGIC/Enhanced” of No. 12 is selected, and the input signal of the source is analog, PCM audio or encoded with the Dolby Digital in 2-channels.
Dolby Digital or DTS + 3 Digital Sound Fields
Digital sound fields are created on the presence side and the independent left and right surround sides of the Dolby Digital-decoded or the DTS-decoded sound field respectively. They create a wide acoustic environment and much surround effect in the room without losing high channel separation. With wide dynamic range of Dolby Digital or DTS sound, this sound field combination lets you feel as if you were watching a movie in the newest Dolby Stereo Digital theater or DTS installed theater. This is the most ideal home theater sound at the present time.
This combination is available when the digital sound field program No. 8, 9, 10, 11 or “DOLBY DIGITAL (or DTS DIGITAL SUR.)/Enhanced” of No. 12 is selected, and the input signal of the source is encoded with the Dolby Digital (except in 2-channels) or encoded with the DTS.
CINEMA DSP: Dolby Surround + DSP / DTS + DSP
The Dolby Surround sound and DTS systems show their full ability in a large movie theater, because movie sounds are originally designed to be reproduced in a large movie theater that uses a multitude of speakers. Trying to create a sound environment similar to that of a movie theater in your home is difficult because of the room size, material inside the walls, the number of speakers, and so on. In other words, your listening room is very different from a movie theater.
However, Yamaha DSP technology allows you to create nearly the same sound experience as that of a large movie theater in your home by compensating for the lack of presence and dynamics in the listening room with original digital sound fields combined with Dolby Surround or DTS Digital Surround sounds.
The YAMAHA “CINEMA DSP” logo indicates those programs that are created by the combination of YAMAHA DSP technology and Dolby Surround or DTS.
CINEMA DSP
INTRODUCTION
7
English
GETTING STARTED
Getting started
Remote controller User function stickers
Batteries (size AA, LR6, UM-3)
Unpacking
Carefully remove this unit and accessories from the box. You should find the unit itself and the following accessories.
Close the front cover whenever the controls inside the panel are not used.
To open the front cover
Opening and closing the front cover
To close the front cover
8
Installing batteries in the remote controller
Since the remote controller will be used for many of this unit’s control operations, you should begin by installing the supplied batteries.
1. Turn the remote controller over and slide the battery
compartment cover in the direction of the arrow.
2. Insert the batteries (AA, LR6, UM-3 type) according to the
polarity markings on the inside of the battery compartment.
3. Close the battery compartment cover.
4. After the batteries are inserted, press the RESET button
before using the remote controller.
Notes about the remote controller
Battery replacement
If you find that the remote controller must be used closer to the main unit, the batteries are weak. Replace both batteries with new ones.
Notes
Use only AA, R6, UM-3 batteries. (It is recommended to use an LR6 type to use the remote controller for a long period of time.)
Be sure the polarities are correct. (See the illustration inside the battery compartment.)
Remove the batteries if the remote controller is not used for an extended period of time.
If batteries leak, dispose of them immediately. Avoid touching the leaked material and contact with clothing, etc. Clean the battery compartment thoroughly before installing new batteries.
Remote controller operation range
Notes
The area between the remote controller and the main unit must be clear of large obstacles.
Do not expose the remote control sensor to strong lighting, in particular, an inverter type fluorescent lamp. Otherwise, the remote controller may not work properly. If necessary, position the main unit away from direct lighting.
1
3
2
RESET button
30°
30°
Remote control sensor
Within approximately 6 m (19.7 feet)
GETTING STARTED
9
English
Controls and their functions
Front panel
NATURAL SOUND AV AMPLIFIER DSP A2
CINEMA DSP
7ch
VOLUME
INPUT SELECTOR
INPUT MODE
l6
20
28
40
60
l2
8
4
2
0
–dB
PHONES
BASS
EXTENSION
BASS TREBLE BALANCE
TONE
BYPASS
VCR 2
VIDEO AUX
REC OUT
VCR 1
TV/DBS
PHONO
TUNER
CD
DVD/LD
SOURCE
TAPE/MD
VIDEO AUX
NEXT EFFECT PROGRAM
A
SPEAKERS
B
SET MENU
EXT. DECODER
STANDBY/ON
55
4
3
2
l0l
2
3
4
LR
55
4
3
2
l0l
2
3
4
55
4
3
2
l0l
2
3
4
A
1
D F HBI
23 4
5
6
87 9 0 C EG
1 STANDBY/ON switch
Press this switch to turn on the power. Press this switch again to set this unit in the standby mode. * A click from the switch and the initial rotation of the built-in
fan will be heard when the power is turned on. Standby mode
This unit is still using a small amount of power in this mode in order to be ready to receive infrared-signals from the remote controller.
2 Remote control sensor
Receives signals from the remote controller.
3 Display panel
Displays a variety of information. (Refer to page 11 for details.)
4 INPUT MODE button
Press this button to select how input signals are received from sources that output two or more types of signals. The “AUTO”, “DTS” and “ANALOG” modes are available. The “AUTO”, “D.D.RF”, “DTS”, “DGTL” and “ANALOG” modes are available for DVD/LD sources. Refer to page 35 for details.
5 INPUT SELECTOR
Turn this knob to select the input source. The selected source will be shown on the display.
6 Master VOLUME control
Simultaneously controls volume for all output sounds; front effect, main, rear, center and subwoofer. (The REC OUT level is not affected.) * The indicator on the master VOLUME control will flash when
the volume is decreased by pressing the MUTE key on the remote controller.
For the remote controller, refer to pages 60 to 61.
GETTING STARTED
10
7
SPEAKERS switches
Press the switch A or B (or both) for the main speakers you will use to select them. Press the switch for the main speakers you will not use again to cancel them. On the display panel, “SPEAKERS A” and/or “SPEAKERS B” will be illuminated, depending on which main speakers are being selected.
8 PHONES jack
Headphones can be plugged into this jack for private listening. You can listen to the sound to be output from the main speakers through headphones. When listening with headphones privately, press both SPEAKERS A and B switches to cancel both of the main speakers A and B, and turn off the digital sound field processor by pressing the EFFECT button so that no DSP program name is illuminated on the display panel.
9 BASS EXTENSION button
Press this button inward (ON) to boost the bass frequency response at the main left and right channels while maintaining overall tonal balance. This function is effective for reinforcing the bass frequencies when a subwoofer is not used.
0 TONE BYPASS button
Press this button inward (ON) to bypass the tone (BASS and TREBLE) control circuitry. This function is used for outputting
pure sound and checking the tone control settings. The tone control circuitry can be used when this button is released outward (OFF).
A SET MENU –/+ button
Press this button once or more to make a setting change or adjustment for the function selected by pressing the NEXT button.
NEXT button
Press this button once or more to select a function in the SET MENU mode.
B BASS and TREBLE controls
Rotate these knobs to adjust the low and high frequency response for the left and right main channels only.
C EXT. DECODER button
Press this button to select the input signals from the EXTERNAL DECODER INPUT terminals as the input source. This function takes priority over the INPUT SELECTOR setting. “EXT. DECODER IN” will be illuminated on the display panel. The source selected with the INPUT SELECTOR knob becomes the current input source when “EXT. DECODER IN” is not illuminated on the display panel.
D BALANCE control
This knob controls the sound from the main speakers only. The balance of the output volume to the left and right main speakers can be adjusted to compensate for sound imbalances caused by the speaker location or listening room conditions.
E EFFECT button
Press this button to turn on and off the output from the center, rear and front effect speakers. The sound becomes normal 2­channel when this function is turned off. However, this does not apply to Dolby Digital or DTS. The signals at all channels will be distributed to the main channels and output from the main speakers, even if the output from the center, rear and front effect speakers are turned off, when Dolby Digital or DTS is decoded.
F REC OUT selector
Rotate this knob to select the source for recording to an MD recorder (or tape deck) or VCR. This setting is independent of the INPUT SELECTOR setting, except when the REC OUT selector is set to the SOURCE position. Then the INPUT SELECTOR is used to select the source for recording to the MD recorder (or tape deck) or VCR.
G PROGRAM selector button
Press this button in the or direction to select a digital sound field processing program.
H VIDEO AUX terminals
Connect an auxiliary video or audio input source unit such as a camcorder to these terminals. A video unit with a S video output terminal can be connected to the S VIDEO terminal to obtain a high resolution picture. The source can be selected with the INPUT SELECTOR and REC OUT selector.
I Front cover
Refer to page 7 on how to open and close the front cover.
PHONES
GETTING STARTED
+ 27 hidden pages