system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means whether, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise
without the prior written permission of SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.
No warranty of accuracy is given concerning the contents of the information contained in this
publication. To the extent permitted by law no liability (including liability to any person by reason of
negligence) will be accepted by SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd., its subsidiaries or employees for
any direct or indirect loss or damage caused by omissions from or inaccuracies in this document.
SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. reserves the right to change details in this publication without
notice.
This manual should be read and used as a guideline for properly installing and/or operating the
product.
This manual may be changed for system improvement, standardization and other technical
reasons without prior notice.
Table 11.Input Power .................................................................................................................................... 44
Describes the procedures required to
perform the installation.
Chapter 2
Connecting the Cables
Describes the procedures and checks
required to connect the system.
Appendix A
Before Installation
Describes the procedures and checks
required prior to installation.
Appendix B
Optional GPS Antenna
Installation
Describes the procedures required to
install a GPS antenna system.
Appendix C
Installing the Feeder Cable
Describes the specifications and
cautions required to install a feeder
cable.
Appendix D
Connector Assembly
Describes the procedures required to
assemble connectors.
Appendix E
Pressure Terminal Assembly
Describes the procedures required to
assemble a pressure terminal.
Appendix F
Standard Torque
Provides the standard torque values.
Appendix G
Acronyms
List of terms.
Organization of This Document
Related Documentation
Verizon 4G LTE Network Extender for Enterprise Quick Start Guide
Verizon 4G LTE Network Extender for Enterprise Product, Safety and
Warranty
Verizon 4G LTE Network Extender for Enterprise User Guide
Personal and Product Safety
This product safety information includes U.S. directives that you must follow.
All applicable OSHA regulations and standards shall be followed.
The installation, maintenance, or removal of telecommunications equipment
requires qualified, experienced personnel. Samsung installation instructions are
written for such installation personnel.
Site Safety
Site construction shall be design-approved and certified by engineers who have
valid and up-to-date P.E. license approval with the National Society of
Professional Engineers.
Workers shall evaluate site safety as per all applicable safety ordinances and
requirements including, but not limited to OSHA, NFPA 70, and applicable
building code requirements prior to, during, and after completion. Workers shall
not conduct product work until and unless the site is in full safety compliance with
associated regulatory requirements.
Workers shall use only approved materials that comply with applicable safety and
environmental requirements. All materials shall be deployed in accordance with all
applicable safety requirements, and according to manufacturer instruction.
Workers shall not install any materials that are intrinsically unsafe, or have
shipping, handling, or installation instructions that are intrinsically unsafe.
This product contains hazardous energy levels as defined by UL 60950. Care must
be taken as injury to personnel or damage to the equipment could result from
mistakes. Maintenance should only be carried out by approved workers who have
adequate training and understanding, and are familiar with the required procedures
and instructions.
In addition to all applicable safety requirements, workers shall abide by the latest
edition of NFPA 70 national electrical code. Certified and licensed Electricians
and Power Limited Technicians shall perform electrical work as required by
applicable regulatory requirements.
All structural materials shall be grounded, and all input and outputs shall have
built-in isolation from the network as per NFPA 70 standards and client-approved
standards. All connectivity and input and output hardware ports that connect to
external power sources shall be designed and installed to meet national safety and
regulatory requirements.
Shipping, Transport, and Manual Handling
Worker shall assure they understand and abide by all associated regulatory and
standards instruction applicable to shipping, transport and handling of product,
including but not limited to OSHA and all associated Samsung documentation for
product shipping, transport, and manual handling requirements.
Worker shall assure adequate and approved shipping, transport, and handling
procedures are utilized to maintain safety.
Installation
Installation shall be carried out by trained and competent workers observing all
applicable safety rules and regulations at all times.
Workers shall read, and understand the latest published installation documentation,
and make sure all required workers, tools, and materials are approved and present
prior to beginning any defined work task.
Workers shall also abide by the latest published installation documentation for
general work procedures and guidance materials.
All relevant safety measures must be taken to ensure that equipment is not
connected to live power and transmission sources during installation. Equipment
must be correctly installed in order to meet the relevant safety standards and
approval conditions.
Maintenance
Maintenance shall be carried out by trained and competent workers while
observing all applicable safety rules and regulations at all times. Equipment covers
shall not be removed while live power and/or transmission is connected unless
specifically directed by a Samsung published work instruction and as determined
safe by all associated safety rules and regulations.
Environment
The product must be operated in an environment within the specified relative
humidity and ambient temperature ranges.
Keep all liquids away from the equipment, as accidental spillage can cause severe
damage.
To comply with ANSI/NFPA70 and UL 60950, equipment must be connected to a
safety grounding point via a permanent connection. Grounding points are located
on the product for this purpose. Always connect the ground cable as per the latest
published instructions before fitting other cables. The product must remain
grounded continuously unless all system and power connections are removed.
If equipment is grounded through a cabinet or rack, make sure it is done so
properly according to the latest published installation instructions.
.
AC System
Single pole /neutral fusing
Disconnect AC power, before servicing.
RF Cable Installation
Circuit Breaker
Installation shall be in accordance with the applicable parts of Chapter 8 of
ANSI/NFPA 70.
Branch circuit protection
The power system must be equipped with external branch circuit protection that
complies with NEC requirement and have a rating maximum of 20A.
(Use UL-listed circuit breaker.)
Before placing the system, mark the position where the system will be installed
and also the positions where anchor bolts will be fixed using an ink line or a pen.
Check Marking (Horizontal/Vertical) When Mounting the System on Wall
If you do the drilling or anchoring on a wall, ensure the positions are marked as
horizontal or vertical, as only a limited range of tuning is allowed for leveling after
the system is mounted.
To mount the system on a wall, perform the leveling test by referring to the
System Leveling section to check that positions are marked to be horizontal or
vertical before drilling. If the result shows that they are not horizontal or vertical,
modify the marking positions.
Marking Using the System
When the device position is determined, place the mounting bracket on the surface
and then mark the positions where anchor bolts will be fixed using a pen. This will
reduce marking error.
This section describes the work to unpack cabinets and other components, and
transport them to the place to be installed.
Bringing in Items
Bring in items, taking care of the following:
Use a lift or cart to prevent accidents. However, if multiple systems must be
carried by people, make sure that there are enough people to carry the system
safely.
Before moving the systems, check the storage place and remove obstacles in
advance.
While moving the systems, avoid potential damage caused by physical shock,
dust, moisture, or static electricity.
Unpacking Items
The procedure to unpack items is as follows:
1 The items should be packed until they reach the installation place.
2 The items are classified in accordance with each job specification and stored in
a place that does not interfere with the working area.
3 Unpacked systems should be installed immediately. If not installed
immediately, the systems should be stored in the installation place temporarily.
4 Unpack the inner packaging after each system is placed on its installation
location.
5 Dispose of packing waste it in accordance with local laws.
Considerations when Cutting the Cable after Installation
When cutting the cable after installation, make sure that the connector is
disconnected. Installation of the cable with the connector connected to the system
may cause contact failure or damage to the connector assembled to the system and
the cable due to cable tension or the operator’s mistakes.
Cabling Workflow
The sequence of cable cutting and installation of the cable workflow can be
changed depending on the field situation such as ‘cutting after installing’ or
Follow these guidelines when inspecting the cabling path:
A minimum cable length must be selected, provided that it does not affect the
cable installation and maintenance.
The cable must be placed in a location where it will not be damaged by
external factors (such as power line, flooding, and footpaths).
In areas where the cable may be damaged by external factors (such as cable
tray, ducts, and flexible pipe), ensure that measures are taken to prevent
damage to the cable.
Cable Cutting
Measure the exact distance, carefully checking the route, and cut the cable using a
cutting tool.
Follow these guidelines when cutting the cable:
Cut the cable to the length determined in the Cable Path Inspection step.
Use a dedicated cable cutting tool.
Cut the cable at right angles.
Be careful to keep the cable away from any moisture, iron, lead, dust or other
foreign material when cutting.
Remove any foreign material attached to the cable using solvent and a brush.
Cable Installation
Cable installation involves running the cable along the cabling path to the target
connector of the system or an auxiliary device after the cable path inspection and
cable cutting have been completed.
Follow these guidelines when installing a cable:
Be careful not to damage the cable.
Always use the maximum curvature radius possible, and make sure that the
minimum curvature radius specification is complied with.
If the cable needs to be protected, use a PVC channel, spiral sleeve, flexible
pipe, or cable tray.
Table 5. Recommended Minimum Allowed Cable Bend Radius
Connector attachment involves assembling a connector to an installed cable or to a
device on the site.
Follow these guidelines when attaching a connector:
Make sure you are fully aware of the connector assembly method before
assembling a connector. Assemble the connector in accordance with its pin
map.
Each connector has a hook to prevent its core positions from being changed.
Check the corresponding grooves before connecting a connector to another
connector.
Use a heat shrink tube at a connector connection for cables that are installed
outdoors, such as feeder lines, to prevent water leakage and corrosion from
occurring at the part exposed to the outside.
Connect each cable of the connector assembly in a straight line.
Be careful when connecting a cable so that contact failure does not occur at a
connector connection due to tension.
Identification Tag Attachment
Identification tag attachment involves attaching a marker cable tie, nameplate, and
label to both ends of a cable (connections to a connector) to identify its use and
cabling path.
Marker Cable Tie
On the marker cable tie, a label can be attached. The
appearance and specification may differ depending
on the type and manufacturer.
Follow these guidelines when attaching an identification tag:
When installing a cable outdoors, use relief engraving and coated labels to
prevent the markings from being erased.
Since the form and attachment method for identification tags are different for
each provider, consult with the provider before attaching them.
Connecting Ground Cable
When connecting the cables, always connect the ground cable first. If a person
comes in contact the equipment, connects a cable, or performs maintenance
without connecting the ground cable, the system can be damaged or someone may
be injured due to static electricity and/or short circuit.
To prevent foreign substances, outdoor air and moisture from entering the system
I/O ports (power, external interface, and so on) and cable inlet, finish it as follows:
- Unused inlets
Use finishing materials including dust cap and rubber packing.
- Cable-installed inlet
After cable installation, block any space in the inlet with dust covers.
Cable Installation Checklist
When installing, take care not to overlap or tangle the cables; also, consider future
expansion. Install the DC power cable and data transmission cable away from the
AC power cable to prevent electromagnetic induction.
The GPS antenna must be installed in a location where it has the maximum
amount of open sky. The ideal position is one where there are no obstacles that
interfere with the antenna within 10 degrees or more of the horizon (the elevation
angle). This allows the GPS receiver to select the best combination or distribution
of GPS satellites that gives optimal performance.
Figure 14. Elevation Mask and Satellites
For good signal strength, you do not have to place the GPS antenna on a high pole
or building, which is often required for RF and microwaves reception.
Any place where there are no obstacles blocking the GPS antenna from the sky
and where it is protected from the outdoor elements is suitable. In this case, you
can even install it on the floor.
However, you can prevent the GPS antenna from malfunctioning by installing it in
a place where it does not receive reflected satellite signals. As multi-path
interference greatly affects the accuracy of the GPS receiver, it is better to
minimize reflected satellite signals entering through the top of the GPS antenna.
Therefore, the GPS antenna installation location must meet the following three
guidelines:
1 A location that can avoid the effects of many obstacles and buildings that
interfere with GPS reception and cause multi-path interference.
2 A location that can avoid RF signal interference. Keep clear from other RF
antennas as well as steel-framed structures or microwave signals.
3 In outdoor applications, a location as low as possible and within a coverage
area of a lightning rod to avoid damage from lightning.
Considerations for Elevation Mask
Considering the elevation mask, make the GPS antenna take the signals received at
a valid elevation angle only.
Countermeasures for External Interference and Multi-Path Influences
If a GPS antenna is influenced by external interference signals or multi-path
interference at a certain place, it is best to reinstall the antenna at another place.
GPS Antenna Sharing
To ensure the GPS receiver works properly, it is recommended that you install one
GPS antenna per GPS receiver. It is also recommended that you use a GPSspecific splitter only if absolutely necessary.
Installing the GPS Antenna
The signals from a GPS satellite have a very low level (-130 dBm). Therefore, the
GPS receiving antenna should be installed in a place where it can receive signals
in direct line of sight, limiting the number of walls and floors as possible.
To receive as many satellite signals as possible, it is important to ensure there is
maximum open sky. The visual field angle must be 360 degrees, and there must
be 160 degrees or more above the horizon. If there are too many obstacles within
the horizon, it decreases the performance and functionality of the GPS receiver.
The GPS satellites are distributed so that eight of them can always be tracked from
any one place across the world, as long as there are no obstacles in the horizon.
For the GPS receiver to operate according to our needs, there must be three GPS
satellites with a healthy status for first fix (that is, there is no obstacle directly
between it and the GPS antenna). If the position hold operation has been
completed, the GPS receiver can perform its operations suitably if at least one
satellite can be tracked continually.
AC/DC Adaptor~4G LTE Network
Extender Power Input Terminal
Power Cable Assembly-1 (120/240 V AC)
4G LTE Network Extender
Power Cable Assembly-2 (12 V DC)
Connector
AC/DC Adaptor
Tyco 4P/1-770968-1. Equivalent
Power Cabling
The power supply is configured as follows.
Figure 15. Power Equipment Diagram
Figure 16. AC/DC Adaptor
Table 7. Power Cable Connection
Adaptor Installation Environment
Because the adaptor is not waterproof, you should consider the installation
environment. The adaptor can be damaged due to electrical short-circuit from
water.
The adaptor must be installed in an open space for proper heat dissipation.
Spacing between AC/DC Adaptor and 4G LTE Network Extender
The AC/DC adaptor’s power cable length for the 4G LTE Network Extender is
4.92 ft. (1.5 m). The AC/DC adaptor should be installed where the cable length
does not exceed 4.92 ft. (1.5 m) for installation and connection to the 4G LTE
Network Extender.
Proper Circuit Breaker
To ensure a stable power supply, a slow blow (low speed operation) type circuit
breaker must be installed in the power cable connecting the AC power supply (or
power distributor) to the 4G LTE Network Extender. (Circuit breaker’s capacity: 5
A). After installing the circuit breaker, attach a tag showing the connected
system’s name to the breaker to prevent misuse.
Shutdown the Power Supply
The isolation procedure to turn the system power off is as follows:
In order to shut down the power supply to the entire system, the main power
switch on the AC power distribution should be turned off.
If the system needs to be shielded from the main power supply for service
purposes, the switches on the relevant circuit breakers (for example, those on
the AC power distribution or applied to building installation) must be turned
off.
If the system needs to be operated independently, the following (power) isolation
may be provided by unplugging the power supply cord or main plug.
S-FTP Cat.5e or Cat.6, 4Pair #24, 328.1 ft.(100 m) or less
Connector
Switch or Router
RJ-45
4G LTE Network Extender
Pin No.
10 Base-T/100 Base-TX
1000 Base-T
Color
Pair No.
1
Output signal positive
BI Data 0 positive
Orange/White
2
2
Output signal negative
BI Data 0 negative
Orange
2
3
Input signal positive
BI Data 1 positive
Green/White
3
4 - BI Data 2 positive
Blue
1
5 - BI Data 2 negative
Blue/White
1
6
Input signal negative
BI Data 1 negative
Green
3
7 - BI Data 3 positive
Brown/White
4
8 - BI Data 3 negative
Brown
4
External Interface Connection
Backhaul Cable Connection
Follow the steps below to connect the backhaul cable.
Table 8. Backhaul Cable Pin Map
Check when Assembling Cable Connector
The table above is based on the connectors on the system side, so it is necessary to
check the pin connection positions when connecting to the connectors on the cable
side.
Assembling the RJ-45 Connector
To see how to assemble an RJ-45 connector to a cable, refer to Appendix C,
Connector Assembly.
The following table lists the GPRS cable connector type and torque values.
Table 9. GPS Cable Connection
Installing GPS Line Amplifiers
The allowed length of a cable is limited according to the GPS cable configuration.
You must compensate for the signal loss by installing a line amplifier if the cable
exceeds the length allowed. Because the required number of line amplifiers and
installation method may vary depending on the extended length of the LMR-400
cable and line amplifier specifications, you must refer to the installation
instructions provided with the line amplifier.
In addition, you must install the line amplifier within 32.8 ft (10 m) from the GPS
antenna. The line amplifier is required when the total length of LMR-400 cable is
longer than 328.08 ft (100 m). See Appendix A for details.
Observe the following safety instructions when installing the 4G LTE Network
Extender.
Before Installing
Post warning signs in areas where high-voltage cables are installed.
Post ‘off limit’ signs in areas where accidents are most expected.
With guardrails or fences, block open areas such as connecting parts, roof, and
scaffold.
While Installing
The system power must be cut off before installing.
Power Switch Off
Make sure the power switch of the power supply is off when installing the system.
Installing the system with the power switch on may cause system damage or fatal
human injury when cables are not correctly connected.
Wearing Protective Gloves and Glasses
The workers should wear protective gloves and glasses because they can be
injured by the debris generated when drilling holes on walls or ceilings.
Do Not Wear Metal Things such as Watch, Ring, Etc.
Do not let an electric short circuit occur due to metal objects such as a watch or
ring.
Worker Injury
Avoid applying excessive force when installing the power cable in narrow areas.
Adjacent equipment and walls may cause accidental injury.
Do not Work by Yourself
A worker must not work alone during any key process.
To prevent foreign substances, outdoor air and moisture from entering the cable
inlet (including the cable gland and conduit), finish it as follows:
- Unused inlet
Use the finishing materials including dust cap and rubber packing.
- Cable-installed inlet
After cable installation, block any space in the inlet with tape, compressed
sponge, rubber packing, and silicon.
After Installing
Cover the cable holes drilled on the floor with a solid cover.
Remove any debris produced during the work and clean up the installation site.
Cautions while Cleaning the Unit
Make sure that the worker does not damage the installed cables while cleaning the
unit.
Cautions while Cleaning Power Supply
While cleaning the power supply device, take caution that the device does not
come in contact with alien bodies that may cause power failure.
Cautions while System Operation
Because the system heat sink may become hot, avoid physical contact.
Pre-survey
To enable seamless construction, the installer and the service provider should
perform a preconstruction inspection to examine and analyze the following items:
Examination of the conformance and the economic efficiency of the place that
Status of external interfaces
Power capacity and wiring status
Possibility of system extension
Review if the place has the enough space for operation and maintenance.
the system is transported or installed
If there is a need for improvement or an issue, the installer and the service provider
must discuss measures to resolve any issue that arises.
M6~M12
10~30 kgf.cm, 100~500 kgf.cm, Replaceable head
3
Drill/Bit Set
0.24~0.67 in. (6~17 mm)
4
Heating Gun
122~572 ℉ (50~300 °C)
5
Power Extension Cable
98.42 ft (30 m)
6
Tape Measure
16.4 ft/164 ft (5 m/50 m)
7
Cable Cutter
325 mm
8
Silicon Gun/Silicon
Normal/Gray & Colorless
9
Hummer Set
Still/Rubber/PVC
Installation Tools
The basic tools for installation are listed in the following table. Additional tools
required for each site need to be identified and prepared during a site survey before
starting the installation.
Precautions When Using the Installation Tools
The required installation tools may vary depending on the conditions at the site.
In addition to the basic tools, a protractor, compass, GPS receiver, ladder, safety
equipment, cleaning tools, and so on should also be prepared in consideration of
the site conditions.
Device amplifying the GPS signal received from the GPS antenna (used to
compensate the GPS signal loss caused by GPS antenna, GPS arrestor, cable
and connector)
GPS (Lightning) Arrestor
Device protecting people or system from lightning
System
GPS Antenna
GPS
GPS Cable (LMR-400)
GPS Cable (RG-316D)
Line Amplifier
Appendix B Optional GPS
Antenna
Installation
GPS Antenna System Configuration
A GPS antenna system requiring outdoor installation or longer cable runs is
configured as shown below.
Table 18. GPS Antenna System Configuration
Figure 21. Example of a Common GPS Antenna System Configuration
To satisfy the GPS specifications and operate the GPS antenna in a stable manner,
the following GPS antenna configuration and installation requirements must be
met.
GPS Antenna
Follow the steps below to connect the GPS cable.
Table 19. GPS Cable Connection
Installing GPS Line Amplifiers
The allowed length of a cable is limited according to the GPS cable configuration.
You must compensate for the signal loss by installing a line amplifier if the cable
exceeds the length allowed. Because the required number of line amplifiers and
installation method may vary depending on the extended length of the LMR-400
cable and line amplifier specifications, you must refer to the installation
instructions provided with the line amplifier.
In addition, you must install the line amplifier within 32.8 ft (10 m) from the GPS
antenna.
Line Amplifier Usage Guideline for GPS Cable Configuration
When the total length of the LMR-400 cable is longer than 328.08 ft (100 m)
When you install the antenna, the antenna must be within the protective angle
(left/right side 45° each from the central axis) to prevent the antenna from
lightning damage.
Installing GPS Antenna
When installing the GPS antenna, you must check the antenna installation location,
restriction and installing method in Appendix A.
Checking the Specifications of Antenna/Arrestor/Line Amplifier Connector
Depending on the supplier or manufacturer of the antenna/arrestor/line amplifier,
the connector type may be different. Also, the detail specifications of a connector
may be different depending on the cable type even for the same connector type.
Therefore, check the detailed specifications of a connector before preparing parts.
For example, N Type-Male: N-Type-Male connector for CNT-400, N-Type-Male
connector for RG-316D
Specification of GPS Line Amplifier
The GPS line amplifier specification is ‘Symmetricom-58529A’ or equivalent.
(http://www.symmetricom.com/products/gps-solutions/accessories/58529A-GPSLine-Amplifier-with-L1-Bandpass-Filter/)
The length of the GPS cable is limited for each section as shown below.
1. 4G LTE Network Extender GPS arrestor: 9.84 ft (3 m) or less
If the distance between the 4G LTE Network Extender and the GPS arrestor is
longer than 9.84 ft. (3 m), use the straight adapter for extension. Connect the RG316D cable up to 9.84 ft. (3 m) to the straight adapter and then extend the
connection to the GPS arrestor using the LMR-400 cable.
- Total length of the LMR-400 cable: 328.08 ft. (100 m) or less
- If the total length of the LMR-400 cable is longer than 328.08 ft. (100 m),
compensate the loss by installing a line amplifier.
Because the required number of line amplifiers and installation method may vary
depending on the extended length of the LMR-400 cable and line amplifier
specifications, you must refer to the installation instructions provided with the line
amplifier. In addition, you must install the line amplifier within 32.8 ft. (10 m)
from the GPS antenna.
For example, when using a line amplifier (Symmetricom-58529A) × 1 EA →
Total length of the LMR-400 cable: 656.17 ft. (200 m) or less
1 Install the GPS cable from the GPS ANT. port of the GPS arrestor to the GPS antenna.
2 Connect the assembled connectors of the GPS cable (LMR-400) to the GPS arrestor and
antenna port.
LMR-400 Cable: N Type-Male (GPS Arrestor EQP)
The survey of an object’s position using GPS satellites is based on triangulation.
Three satellites are enough to survey the position of an object by triangulation.
However, to calculate the correct time deviation, a total of four satellites are
required.
Usually, the GPS antenna is installed in a high place, such as on a roof. It must be
installed away from protruding objects, such as trees or buildings. In addition, it
must be positioned away from any obstacle that covers part of the airspace around
the horizon of the building where it is installed.
If it is impossible to ensure a completely open airspace, you should install the GPS
antenna facing the equator providing a maximum view of the Southern sky
(Northern sky in the Southern hemisphere).
Furthermore, when installing the GPS antenna using a steel cylinder structure
shared by other RF antennas, it must be separated by more than 1 m from that steel
structure.
Figure 28. GPS Antenna Installation
Lightening Arrestor
A lightning arrestor is required when there is a danger of lightning striking a cable
or related part. The lightning arrestor must be installed in a place where the
antenna cable or set of combined cables enters a building or station, or a place
inside the building or station. The purpose of this is to protect the people and
equipment inside the building or station.
If struck directly by lightning, the lightning arrestor, antenna, or cable must be
replaced. Furthermore, you must inspect the lightening arrestor periodically, and
replace the antenna and cable periodically to ensure protection if lightning occurs
frequently at the site.
The lightning arrestor must be well grounded so that it can transmit a large current
quickly.
The GPS system is designed so that it has a strong immunity to noise and can
endure interference.
The Samsung GPS receiver provides a quality timing clock in most installations.
However, to ensure that the GPS receiver performs locking successfully and
guarantees uninterrupted timing performance, an interference-free environment is
required for frequencies near the GPS L1 frequency (1575.42 ± 1 MHz).
Interference Types
There are two types of interference which affect the GPS L1 frequency:
Narrow band (inband) interference
When a frequency deviation (3.5 kHz), such as an FM wave, inflows in around
the GPS L1 frequency (1575.42 MHz), it is called narrow band (inband)
interference. Narrow band interference is monitored by the spectrum analyzer.
Because it has a time lag, a locking failure or a different type of alarm can
occur.
Wideband interference
When around the GPS L1 frequency (1575.42 MHz) and the frequency
deviation is more than 7 kHz, this is called wide band interference.
Wideband interference includes the interference induced by the harmonics
from a communication service with a different frequency bandwidth, increased
thermal noise from communication services around the L1 band, inflow of
interference due to unauthorized communication, saturation due to oscillation
of an accessory device, and so on.
You cannot monitor these kinds of interferences with a device such as a
spectrum analyzer. If the system has a wideband interference problem, you
should consult an expert in this area.
For other bandwidths, except the GPS L1 frequency (1575.42 ± 1 MHz), a GPS
Band Pass Filter (BPF) must be included within the GPS antenna to remove the
interference from the GPS bandwidth. No outband interference must affect the
GPS signals.
Avoiding Interferences
If more than one antenna for other communications, such as an antenna for a base
station or satellite communication, is installed at the facility, the GPS antenna must
be installed in a location to which no interference signals flow in.
If interference exists within the GPS L1 frequency bandwidths (1575.42 ± 1
MHz), you should use a band pass filter .
Furthermore, if the GPS antenna is installed near a transmitter which operates with
a bandwidth similar to the GPS L1 frequency, the possibility of interference
increases (in this case, interference is caused by harmonics). If the GPS antenna
has an interference problem , you must move it to a different location where
interference signals can be avoided or minimized.
Inband Noise
Inband noise includes narrow band noise and wide band noise that occur in an
inband width. (L1, 1575.42 ± 1 MHz)
- Narrow band noise in an inband width: If it is higher than 108 dBm, it can affect
the operation of the GPS receiver.
- Wideband noise in an inband width: It may not be detected by a measuring
instrument and impair the sensitivity of the GPS receiver and affect its operation.
If there is an outband interference problem, you can reduce the effects of
interference on the GPS receiver by applying one or more L1 GPS band pass
filters.
The filter should be installed at the following locations:
The input connector of the Samsung GPS receiver
Behind the antenna or the front end of a line amplifier
The filters above are used to reject jamming tones for outband signals. If
interferences actually occur in the inband signals, they will result in serious
consequences.
The GPS antenna can be fixed to a wall, floor, tower, pole or as recommended by
the manufacturer of the outdoor GPS antenna. . Ensure that you are safe when
fixing an anchor bolt to a wall and treat the anchor bolt fixing area with a silicon or
waterproof finishing material.
Installing the Concrete Block
A concrete block should be installed that satisfies the specification regarding size
and strength. When installing the concrete block, and before forming the concrete,
steel reinforcement bars should be arranged in a mesh layout at 3.93 in. (100 mm)
intervals before forming the concrete. (Either an anchor bolt assembly or a
concrete anchor can be used.)
Installing the Antenna
When you install the antenna, the antenna must be within the protective angle
(left/right side 45° each from the central axis) to prevent the antenna from
lightning damage.
Distance between the Antennas
When installing an antenna, 3.28~4.92 ft (1~1.5 m) distance must be secured
between the antennas to prevent interference.
An arrestor must be installed within the lightning rod protection angle.
The arrestor must be installed to prevent a person or system being affected by
1 Insert the connector for the GPS arrestor along with the bulkhead fixing hole.
2 Secure the GPS arrestor with the bulkhead using fasteners. Make sure that the system-
side and antenna-side connector directions are not changed.
Check the Configurations of GPS Arrestor and Bulkhead
The fixing methods and fasteners vary for the configurations of the GPS arrestor
and bulkhead. Thus, check the installation methods and configurations enclosed
with the GPS arrestor and bulkhead.
The way to connect the ground cable with the GPS arrestor is as follows.
Table 23. Grounding the GPS Arrestor (MGB GPS Arrestor)
Pressure Terminal for Grounding
As for the pressure terminal or the cable, the UL Listed products or equivalent
should be used.
For example:
Manufacturer: JEONO Electric
GPS Arrestor: 6 mm2 Pressure Terminal (JOR 6-5)
Assembling a Pressure Terminal and a Heat Shrink Tube
Refer to Appendix D to see how to assemble a pressure terminal and a heat shrink
tube to a cable.
1 Install a ground cable from the MGB to the GPS arrestor ground terminal.
2 Assemble a pressure terminal and a heat shrink tube at the end of the ground cable (GPS arrestor-side).
3 Align the pressure terminal assembled to a ground cable to the mounting hole of the GPS arrestor ground
terminal.
4 Firmly fix the pressure terminal onto the GPS arrestor using fasteners.
[GPS Arrestor]
6 mm2 Pressure Terminal (Ring Type)
M5 Plane Washer
M5 Spring Washer
M5 Hex. Bolt
Figure 33. Connection of the GPS Arrestor Ground Cable
When installing a feeder line, the radius of curvature of the sections where cables
are bent should be larger than the allowed radius of curvature. If the radius of
curvature for the feeder line installation is less than the allowed radius of
curvature, it may affect the performance of the system.
Ensure that the feeder cable does not interfere with steel towers, ladders and in the
areas chiefly used by people.
Page 74
Appendix C Installing the Feeder Cable
Connector
Torque Value
SMA connector
0.18 ft.lb.(2.5 kgf•cm)
TNC connector
0.65 ft.lb.(9 kgf•cm)
N-type connector
1.45 ft.lb.(20 kgf•cm)
Din-type connector
14.46 ft.lb.(200 kgf•cm)
Connect the connector to the antenna in a straight line and after connecting, do not
apply excessive force.
Use the vinyl tape and the heat shrink tube for the external exposed part of the
connector to prevent damage from water seepage.
Wind the self-bonding rubber tape overlapping (keep a distance as the half size of
rubber tape) to the connector connection part and wind the vinyl tape for any
electric wiring two times or more, and then cover with the jelly type heat shrink
tube.
Connection of the Feeder Cable Connector
Connecting the feeder cable connector is a critical process, so the qualified
workers who finished the related education should perform.
5) Push a connector into the end of the cable.
Then, push it further until the center conductor is
firmly inserted into the pin connection part of the
N-Type male body.
Make the shield overlap the N-Type male body,
pull out the clamp ring, and let it go to its original
position so that the remaining length may be
folded.
6) Cut off the folded length of the shield using a
cutting device so that it does not protrude outside
when the clamp ring is inserted.
After arranging the shield, push up the clamp ring
toward the connector until the entire shield is
covered.
7) Using a compressor and hexagonal dies,
pressurize the clamp ring to fix the cable and
connector.
8) Lift the heat shrink tube up to the connection
point on the connector and shrink the heat shrink
tube using a heating gun.
5) Push a connector into the end of the cable.
Then, push it further until the center conductor is
firmly inserted into the pin connection part of the
N-Type male body.
Make sure the shield overlaps the N-Type male
body, pull out the clamp ring, and let it return to
its original position so that the remaining length is
folded.
6) Cut off the folded length of the shield using a
cutting device so that it does not protrude outside
when the clamp ring is inserted.
After arranging the shield, push up the clamp ring
toward the connector until the entire shield is
covered.
7) Using a compressor and hexagonal dies,
pressurize the clamp ring to fix the cable and
connector.
8) Lift the heat shrink tube up to the connection
point on the connector and shrink the heat shrink
tube using a heating gun.
When you tighten the bolt, refer to the standard torque value below to prevent the
equipment and bolt from damage, and secure by tightening. When the torque value
for each connection part is defined already, refer to the defined value.
Table 27. Standard Torque Value for Tightening Bolts
Standard Torque
Table 28. Brass Bolts Torque Value
Check the Standard Torque Value
The torque value can be different, depending on the material, characteristics and
specifications for the equipment and fastener. Make sure to check the proper
torque value for each specification of the equipment and fastener.
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
FTP File Transfer Protocol
GPS Global Positioning System
LMT Local Maintenance Tool
LTE Long Term Evolution
MGB Main Ground Bar
RF Radio Frequency
VSWR Voltage Standing Waveform Ratio