TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231, SN65HVD232 Technical data

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3.3-V CAN TRANSCEIVERS

SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

FEATURES

D Operates With a 3.3-V Supply D Low Power Replacement for the PCA82C250

Footprint

D Bus/Pin ESD Protection Exceeds 16 kV HBM D High Input Impedance Allows for 120 Nodes

on a Bus

D Controlled Driver Output Transition Times for

Improved Signal Quality on the SN65HVD230 and SN65HVD231

D Unpowered Node Does Not Disturb the Bus D Compatible With the Requirements of the

ISO 11898 Standard

D Low-Current SN65HVD230 Standby Mode

370 µA Typical

D Low-Current SN65HVD231 Sleep Mode

40 nA Typical

D Designed for Signaling Rates

†

up to

1 Megabit/Second (Mbps)

D Thermal Shutdown Protection D Open-Circuit Fail-Safe Design D Glitch-Free Power-Up and Power-Down

Protection for Hot-Plugging Applications

LOGIC DIAGRAM (POSITIVE LOGIC)

APPLICATIONS

Motor Control

D Industrial Automation D Basestation Control and Status D Robotics D Automotive D UPS Control

SN65HVD230D (Marked as VP230) SN65HVD231D (Marked as VP231)

(TOP VIEW)

GND

SN65HVD232D (Marked as VP232)

GND

NC – No internal connection

1 2 3 4

(TOP VIEW)

1 2 3 4

8 7 6 5

CANH CANL V

ref

NC CANH CANL NC

SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231

Logic Diagram (Positive Logic)

†

The signaling rate of a line is the number of voltage transitions that are made per second expressed in the units bps (bits per second).

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability , standard warranty , and use in critical applications of T exas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

TMS320Lx240x is a trademark of Texas Instruments.

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.

7 6

ref

CANH CANL

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Logic Diagram (Positive Logic)

SN65HVD232

CANH

CANL

SN65HVD230

40 C to 85 C

SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

DESCRIPTION

The SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231, and SN65HVD232 controller area network (CAN) transceivers are designed for use with the Texas Instruments TMS320Lx240x 3.3-V DSPs with CAN controllers, or with equivalent devices. They are intended for use in applications employing the CAN serial communication physical layer in accordance with the ISO 11898 standard. Each CAN transceiver is designed to provide differential transmit capability to the bus and differential receive capability to a CAN controller at speeds up to 1 Mbps.

Designed for operation in especially-harsh environments, these devices feature cross-wire protection, loss-of-ground and overvoltage protection, overtemperature protection, as well as wide common-mode range.

The transceiver interfaces the single-ended CAN controller with the differential CAN bus found in industrial, building automation, and automotive applications. It operates over a –2-V to 7-V common-mode range on the bus, and it can withstand common-mode transients of ±25 V.

On the SN65HVD230 and SN65HVD231, pin 8 provides three different modes of operation: high-speed, slope control, and low-power modes. The high-speed mode of operation is selected by connecting pin 8 to ground, allowing the transmitter output transistors to switch on and off as fast as possible with no limitation on the rise and fall slopes. The rise and fall slopes can be adjusted by connecting a resistor to ground at pin 8, since the slope is proportional to the pin’s output current. This slope control is implemented with external resistor values of 10 kΩ, to achieve a 15-V/µs slew rate, to 100 kΩ, to achieve a 2-V/µs slew rate. See the Application Information section of this data sheet.

The circuit of the SN65HVD230 enters a low-current standby mode during which the driver is switched off and the receiver remains active if a high logic level is applied to pin 8. The DSP controller reverses this low-current standby mode when a dominant state (bus differential voltage > 900 mV typical) occurs on the bus.

The unique difference between the SN65HVD230 and the SN65HVD231 is that both the driver and the receiver are switched off in the SN65HVD231 when a high logic level is applied to pin 8 and remain in this sleep mode until the circuit is reactivated by a low logic level on pin 8.

The V

pin 5 on the SN65HVD230 and SN65HVD231 is available as a VCC/2 voltage reference.

ref

The SN65HVD232 is a basic CAN transceiver with no added options; pins 5 and 8 are NC, no connection.

AVAILABLE OPTIONS

PART NUMBER

SN65HVD230 Standby mode Yes Yes VP230 SN65HVD231 Sleep mode Yes Yes SN65HVD232 No standby or sleep mode No No

LOW

POWER MODE

INTEGRATED SLOPE

CONTROL

PIN T

ref

–40°C to 85°C

MARKED AS:

VP231 VP232

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(Rs)

1.2 V

SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

Function Tables

DRIVER (SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231)

INPUT D R

Open X Z Z Recessive

X V

H = high level; L = low level; X = irrelevant; ? = indeterminate; Z = high impedance

INPUT D

L H L Dominant

H Z Z Recessive

Open Z Z Recessive

H = high level; L = low level; Z = high impedance

DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS

VID ≥ 0.9 V X L

0.5 V < VID < 0.9 V X ? VID ≤ 0.5 V X H

Open X H

H = high level; L = low level; X = irrelevant; ? = indeterminate

< 1.2 V

(Rs)

> 0.75 V

(Rs)

DRIVER (SN65HVD232)

RECEIVER (SN65HVD230)

OUTPUTS

CANH CANL

OUTPUTS

CANH CANL

H L Dominant Z Z Recessive

Z Z Recessive

BUS STATE

OUTPUT R

RECEIVER (SN65HVD231)

DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS

VID ≥ 0.9 V L

0.5 V < VID < 0.9 V VID ≤ 0.5 V

X V X 1.2 V < V

Open X H

H = high level; L = low level; X = irrelevant; ? = indeterminate

RECEIVER (SN65HVD232)

DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS

VID ≥ 0.9 V L

0.5 V < VID < 0.9 V ? VID ≤ 0.5 V H

Open H

H = high level; L = low level; X = irrelevant; ? = indeterminate

(Rs)

< 1.2 V

> 0.75 V

< 0.75 V

(Rs)

OUTPUT R

? H H

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

TRANSCEIVER MODES (SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231)

(Rs)

10 kΩ to 100 kΩ to ground Slope control

SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231

TERMINAL

NAME NO.

CANL 6 Low bus output CANH 7 High bus output D 1 Driver input GND 2 Ground R 4 Receiver output R

ref

Function Tables (Continued)

(Rs)

> 0.75 V

(Rs)

< 1 V High speed (no slope control)

OPERATING MODE

Standby

Terminal Functions

DESCRIPTION

8 Standby/slope control 3 Supply voltage 5 Reference output

SN65HVD232

TERMINAL

NAME NO.

CANL 6 Low bus output CANH 7 High bus output D 1 Driver input GND 2 Ground NC 5, 8 No connection R 4 Receiver output V

3 Supply voltage

DESCRIPTION

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equivalent input and output schematic diagrams

SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

Input

16 V

20 V

CANH and CANL Inputs

110 kΩ

45 kΩ

CANH and CANL Outputs

9 kΩ

16 V

D Input

100 kΩ

Input

1 kΩ

9 V

R Output

20 V

Output

5 Ω

Output

9 V

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature (see Note 1) (unless otherwise noted)

Supply voltage range, V

Voltage range at any bus terminal (CANH or CANL) –4 V to 16 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Voltage input range, transient pulse, CANH and CANL, through 100 Ω (see Figure 7) –25 V to 25 V. . . . . . . . . . . .

Input voltage range, V

Electrostatic discharge: Human body model (see Note 2) CANH, CANL and GND 16 kV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Continuous total power dissipation See Dissipation Rating table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Storage temperature range, T

Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds 260°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

†

NOTES: 1. All voltage values, except differential I/O bus voltages, are with respect to network ground terminal.

†

(D or R) –0.5 V to VCC + 0.5 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

–0.3 V to 6 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All Pins 4 kV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Charged-device model (see Note 3) All pins 1 kV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

stg

Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

2. Tested in accordance with JEDEC Standard 22, Test Method A114-A.

3. Tested in accordance with JEDEC Standard 22, Test Method C101.

DISSIPATION RATING TABLE

PACKAGE

D 725 mW 5.8 mW/°C 464 mW 377 mW

‡

This is the inverse of the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance when board-mounted and with no air flow.

TA ≤ 25°C

POWER RATING

DERATING FACTOR

ABOVE TA = 25°C

‡

TA = 70°C

POWER RATING

TA = 85°C

POWER RATING

–65°C to 150°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

recommended operating conditions

PARAMETER MIN NOM MAX UNIT

Supply voltage, V Voltage at any bus terminal (common mode) V Voltage at any bus terminal (separately) V High-level input voltage, V Low-level input voltage, V Differential input voltage, VID (see Figure 5) –6 6 V Input voltage, V Input voltage for standby or sleep, V Wave-shaping resistance, Rs 0 100 kΩ

High-level output current, I

Low-level output current, I Operating free-air temperature, T

The algebraic convention, in which the least positive (most negative) limit is designated as minimum is used in this data sheet.

(Rs)

D, R 2 V D, R 0.8 V

(Rs)

Driver –40 Receiver –8 Driver 48 Receiver 8

3 3.6 V

–2

–2.5 7.5 V

0 V

0.75 V

–40 85 °C

7 V

V V

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Differential out ut

PLH

Pro agation delay time, low to high level out ut

PHL

Pro agation delay time, high to low level out ut

ns (p)

sk( )

Pulse skew (|t

PHL

PLH

SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

driver electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP†MAX UNIT

Bus output voltage

OD(D)

OD(R)

†

All typical values are at 25°C and with a 3.3-V supply.

Differential output voltage

High-level input current VI = 2 V –30 µA Low-level input current VI = 0.8 V –30 µA

Short-circuit output current Output capacitance See receiver

Supply current

Dominant

Recessive

Dominant

Recessive

Standby SN65HVD230 V Sleep SN65HVD231 V

All devices

Dominant VI = 0 V, No load Dominant 10 17 Recessive VI = VCC, No load Recessive 10 17

= 0 V

= 0 V,

See Figure 1 and Figure 3 V

= 3 V

= 3 V,

See Figure 1 and Figure 3 VI = 0 V, See Figure 1 1.5 2 3

VI = 0 V, See Figure 2 1.2 2 3 VI = 3 V, See Figure 1 –120 0 12 mV VI = 3 V, No load –0.5 –0.2 0.05 V

= –2 V –250 250

CANH

= 7 V

CANL

= V

(Rs) (Rs)

= VCC, D at V

CANH 2.45 V CANL 0.5 1.25 CANH 2.3 CANL 2.3

–250 250

370 600

0.04 1

µA

driver switching characteristics over recommended operating conditions(unless otherwise noted)

SN65HVD230 and SN65HVD231

TEST

CONDITIONS

CL = 50 pF,

ee Figure

MIN TYP MAX UNIT

70 125

130 180

370 25 50 100 ns 40 55 80 ns 80 120 160 ns 80 125 150 ns

600 800 1200 ns 600 825 1000 ns

PLH

PHL

PARAMETER

Propagation delay time, low-to-high-level output

Propagation delay time, high-to-low-level output

Pulse skew (|t

Differential output signal rise time Differential output signal fall time Differential output signal rise time Differential output signal fall time Differential output signal rise time Differential output signal fall time

PHL

– t

PLH

= 0 V 35 85

(Rs)

RS with 10 kΩ to ground RS with 100 kΩ to ground 500 870 V

= 0 V 70 120

(Rs)

RS with 10 kΩ to ground RS with 100 kΩ to ground 870 1200 V

= 0 V 35

(Rs)

RS with 10 kΩ to ground RS with 100 kΩ to ground

= 0 V

(Rs)

RS with 10 kΩ to ground

RS with 100 kΩ to ground

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SN65HVD230

See Figure 4

Other in ut at 0 V

See Figure 6

SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

driver switching characteristics over recommended operating conditions(unless otherwise noted)

SN65HVD232

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

PLH

PHL

sk(p)

receiver electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise noted)

V V V V V

C R

R I

†

All typical values are at 25°C and with a 3.3-V supply.

Propagation delay time, low-to-high-level output 35 85 ns Propagation delay time, high-to-low-level output 70 120 ns Pulse skew (|t Differential output signal rise time Differential output signal fall time 40 55 80 ns

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP†MAX UNIT

Positive-going input threshold voltage

IT+

Negative-going input threshold voltage

IT–

Hysteresis voltage (V

hys

High-level output voltage –6 V ≤ VID ≤ 500 mV, IO = –8 mA, See Figure 5 2.4

Low-level output voltage 900 mV ≤ VID ≤ 6 V, IO = 8 mA, See Figure 5 0.4

Bus input current

CANH, CANL input capacitance

Differential input capacitance

diff

Differential input resistance Pin-to-pin, V

diff I

CANH, CANL input resistance Supply current

P(HL)

– t

P(LH)

IT+ – VIT–

See Table 1

) 100

VIH = 7 V 100 250 VIH = 7 V, VCC = 0 V VIH = –2 V VIH = –2 V, VCC = 0 V –100 –20 Pin-to-ground,

VI = 0.4 sin(4E6πt) + 0.5 V Pin-to-pin,

VI = 0.4 sin(4E6πt) + 0.5 V

= 3 V 40 70 100 kΩ

(D)

See driver

CL = 50 pF, See Figure 4

50 F,

Other input at 0 V , D = 3 V

= 3 V,

(D)

= 3 V,

(D)

25 50 100 ns

500 650

100 350

–200 –30

20 35 50 kΩ

35 ns

750 900 mV

32 pF

16 pF

µA

receiver switching characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise noted)

PLH

PHL

sk(p)

PARAMETER

Propagation delay time, low-to-high-level output 35 50 ns Propagation delay time, high-to-low-level output Pulse skew (|t Output signal rise time Output signal fall time

P(HL)

– t

P(LH)

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TEST

CONDITIONS

See Figure 6

MIN TYP MAX UNIT

35 50 ns

10 ns

1.5 ns

(

)

(LOOP1)

(

)

(LOOP2)

SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

device switching characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER

= 0 V, See Figure 9 70 115

(Rs)

RS with 10 kΩ to ground, See Figure 9 105 175 RS with 100 kΩ to ground, See Figure 9 535 920 V

= 0 V, See Figure 9 100 135

(Rs)

RS with 10 kΩ to ground, See Figure 9 155 185 RS with 100 kΩ to ground, See Figure 9 830 990

LOOP1

LOOP2

Total loop delay, driver input to receiver

output, recessive to dominan

Total loop delay, driver input to receiver output, dominant to recessive

device control-pin characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP

(WAKE)

ref

(Rs)

†

All typical values are at 25°C and with a 3.3-V supply.

SN65HVD230 wake-up time from standby mode with R SN65HVD231 wake-up time from sleep mode with R

Reference output voltage Input current for high-speed V

TEST

CONDITIONS

See Figure 8

–5 µA < I –50 µA < I

(Rs)

< 5 µA 0.45 V

(Vref)

< 50 µA

(Vref)

< 1 V –450 0 µA

0.4 V

MIN TYP MAX UNIT

†

MAX UNIT

0.55 1.5 µS 3 5 µS

0.55 V

0.6 V

PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION

0 V

0 V or 3 V

Figure 1. Driver Voltage and Current Definitions

167 Ω

Figure 2. Driver V

60 Ω

167 Ω

–2 V ≤ V

60 Ω

TEST

CANH

CANL

≤ 7 V

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION

Recessive

CANH

Dominant

≈ 3 V

≈ 2.3 V

CANH

CANL

≈ 1 V

CANL

Figure 3. Driver Output Voltage Definitions

RL = 60 Ω

Signal

Generator

(see Note A)

Input

Output

NOTES: A. The input pulse is supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 500 kHz, 50% duty cycle, tr ≤ 6 ns, tf ≤ 6 ns,

Zo = 50 Ω.

B. CL includes probe and jig capacitance.

PLH

50 Ω

RS = 0 Ω to 100 kΩ for SN65HVD230 and SN65HVD231 N/A for SN65HVD232

PHL

CL = 50 pF

(see Note B)

90%

0.9 V

3 V

1.5 V

0 V

0.5 V 10%

OD(D)

OD(R)

Figure 4. Driver Test Circuit and V oltage Waveforms

CANH

) V

CANL

CANH

CANL

Figure 5. Receiver Voltage and Current Definitions

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION

Signal

Generator

(see Note A)

Input

Output

NOTES: A. The input pulse is supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 500 kHz, 50% duty cycle, tr ≤ 6 ns, tf ≤ 6 ns,

Zo = 50 Ω.

B. CL includes probe and jig capacitance.

PLH

50 Ω

1.5 V

Output

PHL

90%

CL = 15 pF

(see Note B)

2.9 V

2.2 V

1.5 V

1.3 V 10%

Figure 6. Receiver Test Circuit and V oltage Waveforms

100 Ω

Pulse Generator,

15 µs Duration,

1% Duty Cycle

Figure 7. Overvoltage Protection

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SN65HVD230

SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION

Table 1. Receiver Characteristics Over Common Mode With V

Generator

PRR = 150 kHz

50% Duty Cycle

tr, tf < 6 ns

Zo = 50 Ω

–2 V 900 mV –1.55 V –2.45 V L

7 V 900 mV 8.45 V 6.55 V L 1 V 6 V 4 V –2 V L 4 V 6 V 7 V 1 V L

–2 V 500 mV –1.75 V –2.25 V H

7 V 500 mV 7.25 V 6.75 V H 1 V –6 V –2 V 4 V H 4 V –6 V 1 V 7 V H

X X Open Open H

Signal

Generator

0 V

50 Ω

CANH

(Rs)

–

60 Ω

CANL

(Rs)

R OUTPUT

= 1.2 V

Output

CL = 15 pF

10 kΩ

(Rs)

R Output

Figure 8. t

(WAKE)

1.3 V

Test Circuit and Voltage Waveforms

1.5 V

0 V

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION

0 Ω, 10 kΩ or

(LOOP2)

100 kΩ ±5%

15 pF ±20%

50%50%

50% 50%

DUT

(LOOP1)

CANH

CANL

60 Ω ±1%

0 V

Figure 9. t

NOTE: All VI input pulses are supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: tr or tf ≤6 ns, Pulse Repetition Rate (PRR) = 125 kHz,

50% duty cycle

(LOOP)

Test Circuit and Voltage Waveforms

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

SUPPLY CURRENT (RMS)

FREQUENCY

– Supply Current (RMS) – mA

0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000

f – Frequency – kbps

Figure 10

BUS INPUT CURRENT

BUS INPUT VOLTAGE

400

– Logic Input Current – Aµ

I(L)

LOGIC INPUT CURRENT (PIN D)

INPUT VOLTAGE

–2

–4

–6

–8

–10

–12

–14

–16

0 0.6 1.1 1.6 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.6

VI – Input Voltage – V

Figure 11

DRIVER LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT

LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE

160

300

Aµ

200

100

–100

– Bus Input Current –

–200

–300

–400

–7 –6 –4 –3 –10134678101112

VCC = 0 V

VCC = 3.6 V

VI – Bus Input Voltage – V

Figure 12

140

120

100

– Driver Low-Level Output Current – mA

01234

O(CANL)

– Low-Level Output Voltage – V

Figure 13

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

DRIVER HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT

HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE

120

100

– Driver High-Level Output Current – mA OH

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

O(CANH)

– High-Level Output Voltage – V

Figure 14

– Dominant Voltage – V

DOMINANT VOLTAGE (VOD)

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE

VCC = 3.6 V

2.5

VCC = 3.3 V

VCC = 3 V

1.5

0.5

–55 –40 0 25 70 85 125

TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C

Figure 15

RECEIVER LOW-TO-HIGH PROPAGATION DELAY TIME

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE

RS = 0

VCC = 3 V

VCC = 3.3 V

VCC = 3.6 V

TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C

– Receiver Low-to-High Propagation Delay Time – ns

PLH

–55 –40 0 25 70 85 125

Figure 16

RECEIVER HIGH-TO-LOW PROPAGATION DELAY TIME

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE

RS = 0

VCC = 3 V

VCC = 3.3 V

VCC = 3.6 V

TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C

– Receiver High-to-Low Propagation Delay Time – ns

PHL

–55 –40 0 25 70 85 125

Figure 17

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

DRIVER LOW-TO-HIGH PROPAGATION DELAY TIME

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE

– Driver Low-to-High Propagation Delay Time – ns

PLH

RS = 0

–55 –40 0 25 70 85 125

TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C

VCC = 3 V

VCC = 3.3 V

VCC = 3.6 V

Figure 18

DRIVER HIGH-TO-LOW PROPAGATION DELAY TIME

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE

RS = 0

– Driver High-to-Low Propagation Delay Time – ns

PHL

VCC = 3.3 V

–55 –40 0 25 70 85 125

VCC = 3.6 V

VCC = 3 V

TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C

Figure 19

DRIVER LOW-TO-HIGH PROPAGATION DELAY TIME

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE

RS = 10 kΩ

VCC = 3 V

VCC = 3.3 V

– Driver Low-to-High Propagation Delay Time – ns

PLH

VCC = 3.6 V

–55 –40 0 25 70 85 125

TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C

Figure 20

DRIVER HIGH-TO-LOW PROPAGATION DELAY TIME

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE

– Driver High-to-Low Propagation Delay Time – ns

PHL

150

VCC = 3.6 V

140

VCC = 3.3 V

130

VCC = 3 V

120

110

100

–55 –40 0 25 70 85 125

TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C

RS = 10 kΩ

Figure 21

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

DRIVER LOW-TO-HIGH PROPAGATION DELAY TIME

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE

800

RS = 100 kΩ

– Driver Low-to-High Propagation Delay Time – ns

PLH

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

–55 –40 0 25 70 85 125

VCC = 3 V

VCC = 3.3 V

VCC = 3.6 V

TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C

Figure 22

DRIVER HIGH-TO-LOW PROPAGATION DELAY TIME

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE

1000

RS = 100 kΩ

VCC = 3.6 V

TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C

– Driver High-to-Low Propagation Delay Time – ns

PHL

950

900

850

800

750

700

VCC = 3.3 V

VCC = 3 V

–55 –40 0 25 70 85 125

Figure 23

DRIVER OUTPUT CURRENT

SUPPLY VOLTAGE

– Driver Output Current – mA

1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

VCC – Supply Voltage – V

Figure 24

DIFFERENTIAL DRIVER OUTPUT FALL TIME

SOURCE RESISTANCE (R

1.50

1.40

1.30

1.20

1.10

1.00

0.90

0.80

0.70

0.60

0.50

0.40

0.30

– Differential Driver Output Fall Time – sµ

0.20

0.10 0

0 50 100 150 200

Rs – Source Resistance – kΩ

VCC = 3.6 V

VCC = 3 V

Figure 25

)

VCC = 3.3 V

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

2.5

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

REFERENCE VOLTAGE

REFERENCE CURRENT

– Reference Voltage – V

ref

1.5

0.5

–50 –5550

VCC = 3.6 V

VCC = 3 V

– Reference Current – µA

ref

Figure 26

APPLICATION INFORMATION

This application provides information concerning the implementation of the physical medium attachment layer in a CAN network according to the ISO 1 1898 standard. It presents a typical application circuit and test results, as well as discussions on slope control, total loop delay, and interoperability in 5-V systems.

introduction

ISO 1 1898 is the international standard for high-speed serial communication using the controller area network (CAN) bus protocol. It supports multimaster operation, real-time control, programmable data rates up to 1 Mbps, and powerful redundant error checking procedures that provide reliable data transmission. It is suited for networking intelligent devices as well as sensors and actuators within the rugged electrical environment of a machine chassis or factory floor. The SN65HVD230 family of 3.3-V CAN transceivers implement the lowest layers of the ISO/OSI reference model. This is the interface with the physical signaling output of the CAN controller of the Texas Instruments TMS320Lx240x 3.3–V DSPs, as illustrated in Figure 27.

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APPLICATION INFORMATION

Implementation

TMS320Lx2403/6/7

3.3-V DSP

Embedded

CAN

Controller

SN65HVD230

CAN Bus-Line

Data-Link

Layer

Physical

Layer

ISO 11898 Specification

Application Specific Layer

Logic Link Control

Medium Access Control

Physical Signaling

Physical Medium Attachment

Medium Dependent Interface

Figure 27. The Layered ISO 11898 Standard Architecture

The SN65HVD230 family of CAN transceivers are compatible with the ISO 11898 standard; this ensures interoperability with other standard-compliant products.

application of the SN65HVD230

Figure 28 illustrates a typical application of the SN65HVD230 family . The output of a DSP’s CAN controller is connected to the serial driver input, pin D, and receiver serial output, pin R, of the transceiver. The transceiver is then attached to the differential bus lines at pins CANH and CANL. T ypically , the bus is a twisted pair of wires with a characteristic impedance of 120 Ω, in the standard half-duplex multipoint topology of Figure 29. Each end of the bus is terminated with 120-Ω resistors in compliance with the standard to minimize signal reflections on the bus.

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APPLICATION INFORMATION

Electronic Control Unit (ECU)

TMS320Lx2403/6/7

CAN-Controller

CANTX/IOPC6

SN65HVD230

CANH CANL

CANRX/IOPC7

CAN Bus Line

Figure 28. Details of a Typical CAN Node

ECU ECU ECU

12 n

CANH

CAN Bus Line

CANL

120 Ω120 Ω

Figure 29. T ypical CAN Network

The SN65HVD230/231/232 3.3-V CAN transceivers provide the interface between the 3.3-V TMS320Lx2403/6/7 CAN DSPs and the differential bus line, and are designed to transmit data at signaling rates up to 1 Mbps as defined by the ISO 11898 standard.

features of the SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231, and SN65HVD232

The SN65HVD230/231/232 are pin-compatible (but not functionally identical) with one another and, depending upon the application, may be used with identical circuit boards.

These transceivers feature 3.3-V operation and standard compatibility with signaling rates up to 1 Mbps, and also offer 16-kV HBM ESD protection on the bus pins, thermal shutdown protection, bus fault protection, and open-circuit receiver failsafe. The fail-safe design of the receiver assures a logic high at the receiver output if the bus wires become open circuited. If a high ambient operating environment temperature or excessive output current result in thermal shutdown, the bus pins become high impedance, while the D and R pins default to a logic high.

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APPLICATION INFORMATION

features of the SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231, and SN65HVD232 (continued)

The bus pins are also maintained in a high-impedance state during low VCC conditions to ensure glitch-free power-up and power-down bus protection for hot-plugging applications. This high-impedance condition also means that an unpowered node does not disturb the bus. Transceivers without this feature usually have a very low output impedance. This results in a high current demand when the transceiver is unpowered, a condition that could affect the entire bus.

operating modes

RS (pin 8) of the SN65HVD230 and SN65HVD231 provides for three different modes of operation: high-speed mode, slope-control mode, and low-power mode.

high-speed

The high-speed mode can be selected by applying a logic low to R

(pin 8). The high-speed mode of operation

is commonly employed in industrial applications. High-speed allows the output to switch as fast as possible with no internal limitation on the output rise and fall slopes. The only limitations of the high-speed operation are cable length and radiated emission concerns, each of which is addressed by the slope control mode of operation.

If the low-power standby mode is to be employed in the circuit, direct connection to a DSP output pin can be used to switch between a logic-low level (< 1 V) for high speed operation, and the logic-high level (> 0.75 V

for standby . Figure 30 shows a typical DSP connection, and Figure 31 shows the HVD230 driver output signal in high-speed mode on the CAN bus.

GND

1 2 3 4

8 7 6 5

CANH CANL V

ref

IOPF6

TMS320LF2406

TMS320LF2407

Figure 30. RS (Pin 8) Connection to a TMS320LF2406/07 for High Speed/Standby Operation

)

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SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

high-speed (continued)

APPLICATION INFORMATION

1 Mbps

Driver Output

NRZ Data

Figure 31. Typical High Speed SN65HVD230 Output Waveform Into a 60-Ω Load

slope control

Electromagnetic compatibility is essential in many applications using unshielded bus cable to reduce system cost. T o reduce the electromagnetic interference generated by fast rise times and resulting harmonics, the rise and fall slopes of the SN65HVD230 and SN65HVD231 driver outputs can be adjusted by connecting a resistor from R

(pin 8) to ground or to a logic low voltage, as shown in Figure 32. The slope of the driver output signal

is proportional to the pin’s output current. This slope control is implemented with an external resistor value of 10 kΩ to achieve a ≈ 15 V/µs slew rate, and up to 100 kΩ to achieve a ≈ 2.0 V/µs slew rate as displayed in Figure 33. Typical driver output waveforms from a pulse input signal with and without slope control are displayed in Figure 34. A pulse input is used rather than NRZ data to clearly display the actual slew rate.

10 kΩ

100 kΩ

IOPF6

TMS320LF2406

TMS320LF2407

GND

1 2 3 4

8 7 6 5

CANH CANL V

ref

Figure 32. Slope Control/Standby Connection to a DSP

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SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

APPLICATION INFORMATION

DRIVER OUTPUT SIGNAL SLOPE

SLOPE CONTROL RESISTANCE

sµ

Driver Outout Signal Slop –

0 102030405060708090

4.70 6.8 10 15 22 33 47 68 100

Slope Control Resistance – kΩ

Figure 33. HVD230 Driver Output Signal Slope vs Slope Control Resistance Value

RS = 0 Ω

RS = 10 kΩ

RS = 100 kΩ

Figure 34. Typical SN65HVD230 250-kbps Output Pulse Waveforms With Slope Control

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APPLICATION INFORMATION

standby mode (listen only mode) of the HVD230

If a logic high (> 0.75 V a low-current, listen only standby mode, during which the driver is switched off and the receiver remains active. In this listen only state, the transceiver is completely passive to the bus. It makes no difference if a slope control resistor is in place as shown in Figure 32. The DSP can reverse this low-power standby mode when the rising edge of a dominant state (bus differential voltage > 900 mV typical) occurs on the bus. The DSP, sensing bus activity, reactivates the driver circuit by placing a logic low (< 1.2 V) on R

the babbling idiot protection of the HVD230

Occasionally, a runaway CAN controller unintentionally sends messages that completely tie up the bus (what is referred to in CAN jargon as a babbling idiot). When this occurs, the DSP can engage the listen-only standby mode to disengage the driver and release the bus, even when access to the CAN controller has been lost. When the driver circuit is deactivated, its outputs default to a high-impedance state.

sleep mode of the HVD231

The unique difference between the SN65HVD230 and the SN65HVD231 is that both driver and receiver are switched off in the SN65HVD231 when a logic high is applied to R power-sleep mode until the circuit is reactivated with a logic low applied to R the bus-pins are in a high-impedance state, while the D and R pins default to a logic high.

) is applied to RS (pin 8) in Figures 30 and 32, the circuit of the SN65HVD230 enters

(pin 8).

(pin 8). The device remains in a very low

(pin 8). While in this sleep mode,

loop propagation delay

Transceiver loop delay is a measure of the overall device propagation delay, consisting of the delay from the driver input to the differential outputs, plus the delay from the receiver inputs to its output.

The loop delay of the transceiver displayed in Figure 35 increases accordingly when slope control is being used. This increased loop delay means that the total bus length must be reduced to meet the CAN bit-timing requirements of the overall system. The loop delay becomes ≈100 ns when employing slope control with a 10-kΩ resistor, and ≈500 ns with a 100-kΩ resistor. Therefore, considering that the rule-of-thumb propagation delay of typical bus cable is 5 ns/m, slope control with the 100-kΩ resistor decreases the allowable bus length by the difference between the 500-ns max loop delay and the loop delay with no slope control, 70.7 ns. This equates to (500–70.7 ns)/5 ns, or approximately 86 m less bus length. This slew-rate/bus length trade-off to reduce electromagnetic interference to adjoining circuits from the bus can also be solved with a quality shielded bus cable.

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

APPLICATION INFORMATION

( )

Figure 35. 70.7-ns Loop Delay Through the HVD230 With RS = 0

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APPLICATION INFORMATION

interoperability with 5-V CAN systems

It is essential that the 3.3-V HVD230 family performs seamlessly with 5-V transceivers because of the large number of 5-V devices installed. Figure 36 displays a test bus of a 3.3-V node with the HVD230, and three 5-V nodes: one for each of TI’s SN65LBC031 and UC5350 transceivers, and one using a competitor X250 transceiver.

Tektronix

784D

Tektronix

HFS–9003

Pattern

Generator

Trigger

Tektronix

P6243

Single-Ended

Probes

One Meter Belden Cable #82841

Input

Oscilloscope

120 Ω120 Ω

SN65HVD230

HP E3516A

3.3-V Power Supply

SN65LBC031 UC5350

Figure 36. 3.3-V/5-V CAN Transceiver Test Bed

Competitor X250

HP E3516A

5-V Power

Supply

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SN65HVD230 SN65HVD231 SN65HVD232

SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

APPLICATION INFORMATION

Driver

Input

CAN

Bus

Receiver

Output

Figure 37. The HVD230’s Input, CAN Bus, and X250’s RXD Output Waveforms

Figure 37 displays the HVD230’s input signal, the CAN bus, and the competitor X250’s receiver output waveforms. The input waveform from the Tektronix HFS-9003 Pattern Generator in Figure 36 to the HVD230 is a 250-kbps pulse for this test. The circuit is monitored with Tektronix P6243, 1-GHz single-ended probes in order to display the CAN dominant and recessive bus states.

Figure 37 displays the 250-kbps pulse input waveform to the HVD230 on channel 1. Channels 2 and 3 display CANH and CANL respectively, with their recessive bus states overlaying each other to clearly display the dominant and recessive CAN bus states. Channel 4 is the receiver output waveform of the competitor X250.

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SLOS346G – MARCH 2001 – REVISED JUNE 2002

MECHANICAL DATA

D (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE

14 PINS SHOWN

0.050 (1,27)

0.069 (1,75) MAX

0.020 (0,51)

0.014 (0,35)

0.010 (0,25)

0.004 (0,10)

DIM

PINS **

0.010 (0,25)

0.157 (4,00)

0.150 (3,81)

0.244 (6,20)

0.228 (5,80)

Seating Plane

0.004 (0,10)

0.008 (0,20) NOM

0°–ā8°

Gage Plane

0.010 (0,25)

0.044 (1,12)

0.016 (0,40)

A MAX

A MIN

NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).

B. This drawing is subject to change without notice. C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion, not to exceed 0.006 (0,15). D. Falls within JEDEC MS-012

0.197

(5,00)

0.189

(4,80)

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0.344

(8,75)

0.337

(8,55)

0.394

(10,00)

0.386

(9,80)

4040047/D 10/96

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TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty . Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty . Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.

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TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231, SN65HVD232 Technical data

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

FEATURES

APPLICATIONS

DESCRIPTION

Function Tables

SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231

Terminal Functions

SN65HVD232

equivalent input and output schematic diagrams

recommended operating conditions

SN65HVD230 and SN65HVD231

SN65HVD232

PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

APPLICATION INFORMATION

introduction

application of the SN65HVD230

features of the SN65HVD230, SN65HVD231, and SN65HVD232

operating modes

high-speed

slope control

standby mode (listen only mode) of the HVD230

the babbling idiot protection of the HVD230

sleep mode of the HVD231

loop propagation delay

interoperability with 5-V CAN systems

MECHANICAL DATA

D (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE

IMPORTANT NOTICE