Teledyne T201 User Manual
MANUAL ADDENDUM
MODEL T201
AMMONIA ANALYZER
(For use with the T200 Operators Manual, P/N 06858)
TELEDYNE ADVANCED POLLUTION INSTRUMENTATION
(TELEDYNE-API)
9480 CARROLL PARK DRIVE
SAN DIEGO, CA 92121-5201
TOLL-FREE: 800-324-5190
FAX: 858-657-9816
TEL: 858-657-9800
E-MAIL: api-sales@teledyne.com
WEB SITE: www.teledyne-api.com
Copyright 2011-2013
Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation
07271B DCN6646
05 February 2013
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
This addendum is to be used in conjunction with the T200 NOx Analyzer
manual, p/n 06858; for operating the T201 analyzer; it includes
document(s) as listed below.
Part No. Name/Description
07356 T201 Spare Parts List (in Section 7.0)
Note: Please refer to our Website or Sales for more recent updates.
Note
We recommend that this manual and the T200 manual be read in their
entirety before any attempt is made to operate the instrument.
REVISION HISTORY
T201 Addendum, PN 07271
Date To Rev DCN Change Summary
2013 Feb 05 B 6646 Correct CE value
2012 May 07 A 5910 Initial Release
07271B DCN6646 i
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ii 07271B DCN6646
Teledyne API Model T201 NH3 Analyzer Operator Manual T201 Ammonia Analyzer
SAFETY MESSAGES
Important safety messages are provided throughout this manual for the purpose
of avoiding personal injury or instrument damage. Please read these messages
carefully. Each safety message is associated with a safety alert symbol, and are
placed throughout this manual; the safety symbols are also located inside the
instrument. It is imperative that you pay close attention to these messages, the
descriptions of which are as follows:
WARNING: Electrical Shock Hazard
HAZARD: Strong oxidizer
GENERAL WARNING/CAUTION: Read the accompanying message for
specific information.
CAUTION: Hot Surface Warning
Do Not Touch: Touching some parts of the instrument without
protection or proper tools could result in damage to the part(s) and/or the
instrument.
Technician Symbol: All operations marked with this symbol are to be
performed by qualified maintenance personnel only.
Electrical Ground: This symbol inside the instrument marks the central
safety grounding point for the instrument.
CAUTION
This instrument should only be used for the purpose and in the manner described
in this manual. If you use this instrument in a manner other than that for which it
was intended, unpredictable behavior could ensue with possible hazardous
consequences
Technical Assistance regarding the use and maintenance of this instrument or any other
Teledyne API product can be obtained by contacting Teledyne API’s Technical Support
Department:
or by accessing various service options on our website at http://www.teledyne-api.com/
.
NEVER use any gas analyzer to sample combustible gas(es)!
Note
Telephone: 800-324-5190
Email: sda_techsupport@teledyne.com
07271B DCN6646 iii
CONSIGNES DE SÉCURITÉ
Des consignes de sécurité importantes sont fournies tout au long du
présent manuel dans le but d’éviter des blessures corporelles ou
d’endommager les instruments. Veuillez lire attentivement ces consignes.
Chaque consigne de sécurité est représentée par un pictogramme d’alerte
de sécurité; ces pictogrammes se retrouvent dans ce manuel et à l’intérieur
des instruments. Les symboles correspondent aux consignes suivantes :
AVERTISSEMENT : Risque de choc électrique
DANGER : Oxydant puissant
AVERTISSEMENT GÉNÉRAL / MISE EN GARDE : Lire la consigne
complémentaire pour des renseignements spécifiques
MISE EN GARDE : Surface chaude
Ne pas toucher : Toucher à certaines parties de l’instrument sans
protection ou sans les outils appropriés pourrait entraîner des dommages
aux pièces ou à l’instrument.
Pictogramme « technicien » : Toutes les opérations portant ce symbole
doivent être effectuées uniquement par du personnel de maintenance
qualifié.
Mise à la terre : Ce symbole à l’intérieur de l’instrument détermine le
point central de la mise à la terre sécuritaire de l’instrument.
MISE EN GARDE
Cet instrument doit être utilisé aux fins décrites et de la manière décrite
dans ce manuel. Si vous utilisez cet instrument d’une autre manière que
celle pour laquelle il a été prévu, l’instrument pourrait se comporter de
façon imprévisible et entraîner des conséquences dangereuses.
NE JAMAIS utiliser un analyseur de gaz pour échantillonner des gaz
combustibles!
iv 07271B DCN6646
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MODEL T201 AMMONIA ANALYZER.............................................................I
CONSIGNES DE SÉCURITÉ.........................................................................IV
1.0 T201 AMMONIA ANALYZER.................................................................7
1.1 Theory of Operation...................................................................................................... 10
1.1.1 Minimizing PMT Drift.......................................................................................... 11
1.1.2
1.2
1.3 Sample Filtration........................................................................................................... 12
1.4 T201 Analyzer Specifications.......................................................................................13
2.0 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE .............................................................15
2.1 Zeroing the Analyzer .................................................................................................... 16
2.2 Spanning the Analyzer with Nitric Oxide Gas ............................................................. 17
2.3 Spanning the Analyzer with Ammonia Gas.................................................................. 19
3.0 CONFIGURABLE ANALOG OUTPUT OVERVIEW ...........................25
4.0 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE...............................................................27
4.1 M501 NH3 Maintenance............................................................................................... 27
4.2 Replacing the Catalytic Cartridge................................................................................. 28
4.3 Replacing the Thermocouple........................................................................................ 29
4.4 AutoZero Flow Check................................................................................................... 31
5.0 ALARMS AND CAUTIONS ..................................................................33
5.1 Alarm ............................................................................................................................ 33
5.2 Caution.......................................................................................................................... 33
6.0 CALCULATING MOLY CONVERTER EFFICIENCIES ......................35
6.1 Purpose.......................................................................................................................... 35
6.2 Tools ............................................................................................................................. 35
6.3 Parts............................................................................................................................... 35
6.4 Procedure ...................................................................................................................... 35
7.0 T201 SPARE PARTS LIST...................................................................39
Purging the Reaction Cell..................................................................................... 11
Special Considerations For Ammonia Measurement ................................................... 12
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1. T201 Pneumatic Connection Diagram w/External Calibrator Option (ECO)..8
Figure 1-2. T201 and M501 NH
Figure 1-3. T201 and M501 NH3 with Zero and Span Valve Options Pneumatic Flow....9
Figure 3-1. Analog Output Connector............................................................................25
Figure 4-1. Catalytic Cartridge ......................................................................................28
Figure 4-2. Thermocouple Location...............................................................................29
Pneumatic Flow...........................................................9
3
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1. T201 Operating Specifications.....................................................................13
Table 2-1. Zero Calibration Procedure – Zero Gas through the SAMPLE Port.............16
Table 2-2. Zero Calibration Procedure - Zero
Table 2-3. NO Calibration Procedure – NO Gas through the SAMPLE Port
07271B DCN6646 v
Gas through ZERO Port.........................17
.................18
Table 2-4. NO Calibration Procedure - NO Gas through the SPAN Port....................... 19
Table 2-5. Confirming Ammonia Converter Efficiency................................................... 21
Table 2-6. NH3 Calibration Procedure – NH3 Gas through the SAMPLE Port...............22
Table 2-7. NH3 Calibration Procedure – NH3 Gas through the SPAN Port....................23
Table 3-1. Analog Output Data Default Settings ...........................................................25
Table 3-2. Analog Output Pin-Outs
Table 4-1. Preventative Maintenance Schedule
...............................................................................26
............................................................27
Table 4-2. M501 NH3 Converter Rebuild Parts List.......................................................28
Table 4-3. Flow Check ..................................................................................................31
vi 07271B DCN6646
1.0 T201 AMMONIA ANALYZER
This manual is to be used in conjunction with the T200 NOx Analyzer
manual, p/n 06858 supplied with this instrument. It is important that you
familiarize yourself with the workings of the NOx analyzer before
proceeding with NH3 measurements.
The T201 ammonia analyzer consists of a modified T200 nitrogen oxide
analyzer and an M501 NH3 ammonia converter. The analyzer measures
the following individual gas concentrations: TNx (NH
(NO and NO2) and NO in the sample gas.
and NOx), NOx
3
Note
The
The
ammonia concentration is calculated by subtracting the NOX
reading from the TNx measurement.
nitrogen dioxide concentration is calculated by subtracting the NO
reading from the NO
measurement.
x
The instrument comes in three pneumatic configurations:
The T201 with External Calibrator Option (ECO) is shown in
Figure 1-1.
The basic system is shown in Figure 1-2.
The T201 with Zero/Span valves is shown in Figure 1-3.
For a T201 analyzer with Zero/Span option you must connect the umbilical
cord P/N 02255 between the analyzer and the external M501 NH3 converter
assembly.
If the analyzer is purchased without the Zero/Span option then the zero and
span calibration gases must be individually applied to the Sample port.
Remember, the gases must be clean/dry and supplied at ambient pressure.
CAUTION
Do not pressurize the Sample/Span/Zero port above ambient
07271B DCN6646 7
T201 Ammonia Analyzer Teledyne API Model T201 NH3 Analyzer Operator Manual
Figure 1-1. T201 Pneumatic Connection Diagram w/External Calibrator Option (ECO)
8 07271B DCN6646
Teledyne API Model T201 NH3 Analyzer Operator Manual T201 Ammonia Analyzer
SAMPLE
GAS
INLET
ZERO AIR
INLET
SPAN GAS
INLET
M501NH3
Optional
Sample
Filter
P/N 016300800,
1 Micron PTFE
Or
P/N 055710000,
0.5 Micron SS
Sample
NC
COM
NO
Zero Gas
NC
Span Gas
NC
Figure 1-2. T201 and M501 NH3 Pneumatic Flow
Valve
Valve
Valve
TN/TN
X
VALVE
TNX
OUT
OUT
TNX IN
TN
TN IN
EXHAUST
GAS
OUTLET
COM
NC
NO
10 Mil
10 Mil
Gas
O3SUPPLY
DRYER
4 Mil
T201 CHASSIS
SAMPLE GAS
DRYER
4 Mil
10 Mil
PMT
NC
COM
NO
4 Mil
SAMPLE
PRESSURE
SENSOR
AUTOZERO
VALVE
O
3
Cleanser
VACUUM
PRESSURE
SENSOR
NO
2
Converter
GENERATOR
FLOW PRESSURE
SENSOR PCA
NO/NO
X
VALVE
NC
COM
NO
O
3
O
3
Destruct
O3 FLOW
SENSOR
PUMP
Figure 1-3. T201 and M501 NH3 with Zero and Span Valve Options Pneumatic Flow
07271B DCN6646 9
T201 Ammonia Analyzer Teledyne API Model T201 NH3 Analyzer Operator Manual
1.1 THEORY OF OPERATION
Note
The Teledyne-API Model T201 analyzer measures ammonia by oxidizing
it to nitric oxide by the following reaction:
4NH3 + 5O2 4NO + 6H2O
The resulting nitric oxide is then measured by the chemiluminescent
reaction with ozone. Consult Section 10.1 in the T200 manual (provided
with this instrument) for more details on the nitric oxide measurement.
The analyzer uses two converters to oxidize the different sample gases. A
high temperature catalytic converter, the M501 NH3, converts NH3 and
NOx into NO creating the TNx channel. A second converter, housed inside
the T201 analyzer and consisting of heated molybdenum, converts all of
the NOx in the sample to NO producing the NOx channel. The nitric oxide
channel is measured while bypassing both the M501 NH3 and
molybdenum converter. A Nafion® drier operated in reflux mode, is
installed prior to the molybdenum converter and the AutoZero valve. The
drier removes ammonia and water from the switched stream. The
ammonia would have otherwise been converted by the molybdenum and
registered as NOx. This location provides the drier with continuous flow,
thereby allowing it to stabilize faster.
Due to the Nafion® drier, the analyzer has a maximum ammonia range of
2.0 PPM.
Note
The calculated gas concentrations, ammonia and nitrogen dioxide, are
computed from the differences between the measured channels, as
outlined in the following equations:
NO (Nitric Oxide) Concentration = Measured
(Total Nitrogen) Concentration = Measured (NH3 + NO2 + NO)
TN
x
(Total Nitrogen – Ammonia) Concentration = Measured
NO
x
(NO
+ NO)
2
(Ammonia) Concentration = Calculated as follows:
NH
3
[(TNx - NOx) / (NH
(Nitrogen Dioxide) Concentration = Calculated as follows:
NO
2
[(NOx – NO) / (NO
nitrogen dioxide efficiency factor (NO2_CE_FACTOR1) must be
The
calculated by conducting a GPT (gas phase titration) as described in Section
8.3.3 of the T200 manual and Section 6.0 of this manual. This value gives a
good indica
into nitric oxide. In a properly functioning analyzer the value should be close
to 1.0. It is recommended that the molybdenum efficiency be checked every
three months.
tion of how well the molybdenum is converting nitrogen dioxide
_CE_FACTOR1)]
3
_CE_FACTOR1)]
2
10 07271B DCN6646
Teledyne API Model T201 NH3 Analyzer Operator Manual T201 Ammonia Analyzer
The ammonia converter efficiency factor (NH3_CE_FACTOR1) is
discussed in more detail in Section 2.3 of this manual. The conversion
efficiency of the M501 NH3 should be checked prior to starting long term
tests. Both efficiency factors can be accessed through the analyzer VARS
MENU.
The actual formula for computation of the gas concentrations is more
complicated than the above equations, as it includes sample, reaction cell
pressure changes and averaging the PMT signal. Then the zero offset and
slopes are applied to the separate channels (TN
, NOx, NO) to determine
x
the concentrations. Concentration compensation occurs while the variable
TP_FACTOR under the VARS MENU is switched ON. Otherwise the
displayed concentration is uncompensated. It is recommended that
the variable TP_FACTOR remain on at all times.
1.1.1 Minimizing PMT Drift
In order to account for PMT drift in the analyzer, the AutoZero valve
switches once a minute allowing the analyzer to read zero background.
The AutoZero valve directs the sample gas stream to completely bypass
the reaction cell, while simultaneously filling the reaction cell with Ozone
for dark noise measurement. This is then subtracted as a measurement
offset from the raw PMT concentration signal. This process improves zero
baseline stability by minimizing the effect of PMT sensor drift.
1.1.2 Purging the Reaction Cell
As with many chemical reactions the conversion of ammonia in the
presence of other oxides of nitrogen is complicated. It is important to note
that the valve DWELL time for an AZERO measurement has a default
setting of 8 seconds. Shortening this value may not allow enough time to
properly purge the reaction cell of excess nitric oxide from the previous
measurements.
In the molybdenum converter operating at 315
reactions are taking place:
Mo + NO2 MoO3 + NO ~100% Efficiency
The M501 NH3 ammonia converter operates at 825oC. At this high
temperature, several reactions occur:
NO NO Loss = ~ 3%
NO
NO Efficiency = ~97%
2
NH
NO Efficiency = ~97%
3
NH
NO2 Efficiency = ~5%
3
o
C the following significant
07271B DCN6646 11
T201 Ammonia Analyzer Teledyne API Model T201 NH3 Analyzer Operator Manual
As can be seen from the above reactions, the calculation of the ammonia
concentration and overall calibration of the instrument must be done
carefully, if accurate ammonia concentrations are to be measured.
1.2 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR AMMONIA MEASUREMENT
Ammonia is a difficult gas to measure due to its chemical characteristics.
The gas tends to adsorb onto surfaces and diffuse into many materials. The
following precautions should be observed when designing ammonia
sampling systems and connecting them to the T201 analyzer:
Do NOT use copper tubing or fittings designed for household plumbing.
Use ONLY Chromatography grade (cleaned, passivated) stainless steel
tubing.
Use ONLY glass for sample inlet manifold.
ALWAYS keep the tubing from the M702SS calibrator to th e analyzer
as short as possible. USE stainless steel tubing throughout, especially
from the ammonia calibration bottle to the calibrator.
If possible HEAT the sample line and DRY the sample gas.
Sample filters will cause response delays on both the rise and fall of the
sample signal.
These rules apply also to your calibrator’s internal plumbing. It is highly
recommended that you use a M702SS calibrator in conjunction with the
T201. The calibrator has stainless steel plumbing throughout. The T700
calibrator contains Teflon tubing and internal MFC’s that can be affected by
the ammonia gas, therefore, the T700 calibrator is not recommend for use
with the T201 analyzer. It is important to keep the sampling system well
maintained.
1.3 SAMPLE FILTRATION
The instrument can be provided with an optional stainless steel sample
filter P/N 05571. For minimum response time operation, the instrument
should be supplied with clean sample gas at ambient pressure.
An additional filter resides in the T201 pneumatic pathway. The filter is a
¼” diameter stainless steel sintered filter used to protect the reaction cell
flow control orifice from plugging. This filter will plug rapidly if
contaminated sample gas is not filtered before entering the analyzer.
Note
12 07271B DCN6646
In situations where the sample gas is known to be contaminated with
particulate material, it is advisably to add extra filtration. However, it must be
noted that the response time is directly extended through filter additions.
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