Teledyne 4220 User Manual

4220 Submerged Probe

Flow Meter

Installation and Operation Guide

Part #60-3223-130 of Assembly #60-3224-052
Copyright © 2001. All rights reserved, Teledyne Isco, Inc.
Revision T, March 6, 2006

Foreword

This instruction manual is designed to help you gain a thorough understanding of the
operation of the equipment. Teledyne Isco recommends that you read this manual
completely before placing the equipment in service.

Although Teledyne Isco designs reliability into all equipment, there is always the possi­bility of a malfunction. This manual may help in diagnosing and repairing the malfunc­tion.

If the problem persists, call or e-mail the Teledyne Isco Technical Service Department
for assistance. Simple difficulties can often be diagnosed over the phone.

If it is necessary to return the equipment to the factory for service, please follow the
shipping instructions provided by the Customer Service Department, including the
use of the Return Authorization Number specified. Be sure to include a note
describing the malfunction. This will aid in the prompt repair and return of the
equipment.

Teledyne Isco welcomes suggestions that would improve the information presented in
this manual or enhance the operation of the equipment itself.

Teledyne Isco is continually improving its products and reserves the right to
change product specifications, replacement parts, schematics, and instruc­tions without notice.

Customer Service

Phone: [phone] (USA, Canada, Mexico)

Fax: [phone]

Email: [e-mail]

Technical Service

Phone: [phone] (Analytical)

Email: [e-mail]

Return equipment to: 4700 Superior Street, Lincoln, NE 68504-1398

Other Correspondence

Mail to: P.O. Box 82531, Lincoln, NE 68501-2531

Email: [e-mail]

Web site: www.isco.com

Contact Information

[phone] (Outside North America)

[phone] (Samplers and Flow Meters)

Revised September 15, 2005

4220 Flow Meter

Safety

4220 Flow Meter

Safety

General Warnings Before installing, operating, or maintaining this equipment, it is

imperative that all hazards and preventive measures are fully
understood. While specific hazards may vary according to
location and application, take heed in the following general
warnings:

WARNING

Liquids associated with this instrument may be classified
as carcinogenic, biohazard, flammable, or radioactive.
Should these liquids be used, it is highly recommended that
this application be accomplished in an isolated
environment designed for these types of materials in
accordance with federal, state, and local regulatory laws,
and in compliance with your company’s chemical/hygiene
plan in the event of a spill.

WARNING

Avoid hazardous practices! If you use this instrument in
any way not specified in this manual, the protection
provided by the instrument may be impaired.

WARNING

If this system uses flammable organic solvents, Isco
recommends that you place this system in a well-ventilated
environment, designed for these types of materials. This
environment should be constructed in accordance with
federal, state, and local regulations. It should also comply
with your organization’s plan concerning chemical and
hygiene mishaps. In all cases use good laboratory
practices and standard safety procedures.

Hazard Severity Levels This manual applies Hazard Severity Levels to the safety alerts,

These three levels are described in the sample alerts below.

CAUTION

Cautions identify a potential hazard, which if not avoided, may
result in minor or moderate injury. This category can also warn
you of unsafe practices, or conditions that may cause property
damage.

WARNING

Warnings identify a potentially hazardous condition, which
if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

4220 Flow Meter
Safety

Hazard Symbols The equipment and this manual use symbols used to warn of

Warnings and Cautions

DANGER

DANGER – limited to the most extreme situations
to identify an imminent hazard, which if not
avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

hazards. The symbols are explained below.

Hazard Symbols

The exclamation point within the triangle is a warning sign alerting you of
important instructions in the instrument’s technical reference manual.

The lightning flash and arrowhead within the triangle is a warning sign alert­ing you of “dangerous voltage” inside the product.

Symboles de sécurité

Warnungen und Vorsichtshinweise

Advertencias y Precauciones

Ce symbole signale l’existence d’instructions importantes relatives au pro­duit dans ce manuel.

Ce symbole signale la présence d’un danger d’électocution.

Das Ausrufezeichen in Dreieck ist ein Warnzeichen, das Sie darauf
aufmerksam macht, daß wichtige Anleitungen zu diesem Handbuch
gehören.

Der gepfeilte Blitz im Dreieck ist ein Warnzeichen, das Sei vor “gefährlichen
Spannungen” im Inneren des Produkts warnt.

Esta señal le advierte sobre la importancia de las instrucciones del manual
que acompañan a este producto.

Esta señal alerta sobre la presencia de alto voltaje en el interior del
producto.

4220 Flow Meter

Safety

IMPORTANT – PLEASE READ

WARNING

The installation and use of this product may require you to work in locations where
you could be seriously injured or even

killed.

sary to ensure your safety before entering the installation.
pervised. Install and operate this product in accordance with all applicable safety and
health regulations, as well as any appropriate local ordinances.

This product is often installed in confined spaces. Examples of confined spaces are manholes, pipelines,
digesters, and storage tanks. These places can be dangerous or fatal if you are not suitably prepared. The
primary hazards are the presence of poisoned air, the lack of ventilation, and the possibility of falls. Other
hazards may be present, as well. Work in such places is governed by OSHA 1910.146, and may require a
permit before entering.

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for chemical agents supplied or recommended for use with this
product are in the MSDS Appendix. These sheets provide information about possible hazards from the
chemicals. Additional MSDS, covering various proprietary agents (name-branded or trademarked mix-
tures) that can also be used with this product, are available from the manufacturers of those agents.

Take whatever precautions are neces-

Never

work alone or unsu-

NOTE

FLOWLINK is a registered trademarks of Isco Inc. All other brand or product names used in this manual are trademarks
or registered trademarks of their respective companies and/or organizations.

This manual uses the following notations to set
apart hazard warnings and notes:

DANGER

DANGER describes situations which if not

will

avoided,

result in loss of life or serious
personal injury. The emphasis is on a clear
and immediate threat to your life or safety.

WARNING

WARNING describes situations which if not

result in loss of life or serious per-

avoided,
sonal injury. The emphasis here is on the

tial

could

poten-

for a serious accident.

CAUTION describes situations which if not avoided,
may result in moderate personal injuries, property
damage, or damage to the equipment.

NOTES draw your attention to specific features, prac­tices, or other information useful in setting up or
installing the product.

CAUTION

NOTE

4220 Flow Meter
Safety

4220 Flow Meter

Table of Contents

Section 1 Introduction

1.1 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.2 Compatible Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.3 Operating Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

1.3.1 Submerged Probe Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

1.3.2 Transducer Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

1.3.3 Two Probes Available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

1.4 Software Upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

1.5 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

1.6 Technical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

1.7 How to Make Battery Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

1.7.1 Current Draw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12

Section 2 Programming

2.1 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.1.1 Operation of the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.1.2 Keypad Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.2 Programming Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

2.3 Description of Program Steps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.3.1 Step 1, Operating Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.3.2 Step 2, Flow Conversion Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.3.3 Step 3 - Adjust Level, Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.3.4 Step 4 - Reset Totalizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.3.5 Step 5 - Sampler Pacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.3.6 Step 6 - Sampler Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2.3.7 Step 7 - Alarm Dialout Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

2.3.8 Step 8 - Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

2.3.9 Step 9 - Reports/History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

2.4 Interpreting the Program Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.4.1 Operating Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

2.4.2 Optional Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

2.4.3 Step 1 - Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24

2.4.4 Step 2 - Flow Conversion (Level-to-Flow Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29

2.4.5 Step 3 - Parameter to Adjust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36

2.4.6 Step 4 - Reset Totalizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42

2.4.7 Step 5 - Sampler Pacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42

2.4.8 Step 6 - Sampler Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44

2.4.9 Step 7 - Alarm Dialout Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47

2.4.10 Step 8 - Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50

2.4.11 Step 9 - Reports/History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52

Section 3 Installation

3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1.1 Preparation for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1.2 Installing the Desiccant Canister . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1.3 Installing the External Desiccant Cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1.4 Opening the Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

3.2 Connection to a Power Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

i

3.2.1 Low Power Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

3.2.2 Isco Sampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

3.2.3 Isco Nickel-Cadmium Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3.2.4 Attaching the Nickel-Cadmium Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3.2.5 Isco Lead-Acid Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

3.2.6 Attaching the Isco Lead-Acid Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

3.2.7 AC Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

3.2.8 Attaching the Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

3.2.9 External 12 Volt DC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

3.3 Flow Meter Mounting and Installation Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

3.3.1 Carrying Handle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

3.3.2 Location of the Flow Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

3.3.3 Mounting the 4220 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

3.3.4 Suspension Above the Flow Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

3.4 Quick-Disconnect Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

3.5 Extension Cables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

3.6 Safety Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

3.7 Isco Sampler Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

Section 4 Submerged Probe Installation

4.1 General Mounting Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1.1 Functionality Under Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.1.2 Minimum Reliable Detection Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.2 Submerged Probe Nose Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.3 Mounting Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.3.1 Spring Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.3.2 Universal Mounting Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

U-Channel or Invert Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4.3.3

4.3.4 Power-Actuated Stud Gun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4.3.5 Completing the Probe Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.4 Other Mounting Techniques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.4.1 Rectangular Pipes and Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.4.2 Stilling Wells or Streams with Very Low Velocity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.4.3 Weirs and Flumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.4.4 Securing Probe with a Weighted Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

4.4.5 Completing the Probe Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

Section 5 Options and Accessories

5.1 4200T Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.1.1 How it Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.1.2 Modems and Flowlink Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

5.1.3 Connection to a Telephone Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

5.1.4 Types of Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

5.2 Connection to External Serial Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

5.3 4-20 mA Analog Outputs: External and Internal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

5.3.1 External Analog Output Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

5.3.2 Internal Multiple Analog Output Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6

5.4 Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

5.5 Isco Flowlink Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

5.6 High-Low Alarm Relay Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

5.6.1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

5.6.2 Wiring to a 4200 Series Flow Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

5.7 Parameter Sensing with Isco 4200 Series Flow Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

5.7.1 Installation of Parameter Probes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

5.8 The Temperature Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11

5.9 The pH Probe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11

ii

5.9.1 pH Probe Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

5.9.2 pH Probe Installation Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14

5.9.3 Storage and Maintenance of pH Probes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17

5.10 The Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.) Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

5.10.1 How the D.O. Probe Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19

5.10.2 Probe Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19

5.10.3 Membrane Thicknesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20

5.10.4 Probe Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20

5.10.5 Probe Operation and Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20

5.10.6 Calibrating the D.O. Probe with a Flow Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22

5.11 Installation of Parameter Probes in Mounting Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23

5.12 The YSI 600 Multiple Parameter Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24

5.13 Mechanical Totalizer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26

Section 6 Maintenance and Service

6.1 Routine Maintenance and Minor Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.1.1 Care of the Flow Meter Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.1.2 Care of the Case Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.1.3 Preventing Moisture Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.2 Reactivation of the Desiccators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

6.2.1 Regenerating the Internal Case Desiccant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

6.2.2 Regenerating the External Desiccant Cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

6.3 Care of the Submerged Probe and Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

6.3.1 Low Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

6.3.2 Cleaning the Submerged Probe Without Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

6.3.3 Disassembling the Probe for Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

6.3.4 Cable Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

6.4 Maintenance of the Printer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

6.4.1 Changing the Roll of Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

6.4.2 Ink Ribbon Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

6.4.3 Do Not Disassemble or Lubricate the Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

6.5 Servicing And Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

6.5.1 Disassembling the Flow Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

6.5.2 Fuse Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

6.5.3 Display Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

6.5.4 System Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

6.6 Preliminary Troubleshooting Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13

6.6.1 If Serious Problems Occur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13

6.6.2 Inspection Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14

6.7 Precautions for Servicing CMOS Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15

6.7.1 Hazard of Static Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15

6.8 Using FLASH UPDATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16

6.8.1 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16

6.8.2 Before Running FLASH UPDATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17

6.8.3 Running FLASH UPDATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18

6.8.4 About Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18

Appendix A Replacement Parts

Appendix B Accessories List

Appendix C Programming Worksheets

C.1 Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-1

C.2 Flow Conversion: Level-to-Flow Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3

iii

C.3 Parameter to Adjust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4

C.4 Reset Totalizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-5

C.5 Sampler Pacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-5

C.6 Sampler Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-5

C.7 Alarm Dialout Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6

C.8 Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-6

C.9 Reports/History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6

Appendix D General Safety Procedures

D.1 Practical Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1

D.2 Lethal Atmospheres in Sewers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-4

D.3 Hazardous Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6

Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheets

E.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1

List of Illustrations

1-1 Submerged Probe Level Sensor with Standard Tip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

1-2 4220 Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

1-3 4220 Side View Showing Connectors and Pin Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

1-4 Measuring the Flow Meter Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13

2-1 The YSI 600 Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2-2 Measuring Level in Round Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36

2-3 YSI 600 Sonde Calibration Flow Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41

3-1 Nickel-Cadmium Battery Installed on a Flow Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3-2 Power Pack Installed on a Flow Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

3-3 4220 Flow Meter Suspended by the Handle (handles may vary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

3-4 Quick-Disconnect Box for the Submerged Probe (Cover Removed) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

4-1 Sensor Installed on a Spring Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

4-2 Spring Ring Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

4-3 Mounting Ring in a Round Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

4-4 Universal Mounting Ring Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

4-5 Universal Mounting Ring Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4-6 Submerged Probe Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

4-7 Typical Primary Device Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

5-1 674 Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

5-2 Temperature Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11

5-3 pH Probe (with protective cap) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12

5-4 pH Parameter Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16

5-5 The D.O. Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

5-6 D.O. Parameter Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22

5-7 Mounting of Four Foot Probe Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24

5-8 The YSI 600 Multiple Sensor Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24

6-1 Location of the Desiccant Canister . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

6-2 Warning Disk Inside Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

6-3 Alignment of Grounding Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

6-4 Changing the Chart Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

6-5 Changing the Ink Ribbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

6-6 Lifting the Flow Meter from the Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

6-7 Location of the Three Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

6-8 Update File Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18

6-9 Options Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19

6-10 Preferences Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19

iv

List of Tables

1-1 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

1-2 Technical Specifications for the 4220 Flow Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

1-3 Technical Specifications for the 3222 Submerged Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

1-4 Chart Longevity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

1-5 Battery Life Expectancy1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

2-1 ASCII Output Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

4-1 Locating the Head-Measuring Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

5-1 4-20 mA Output Interface Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

5-2 Multiple Analog Output Board Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

5-3 pH Probe Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17

5-4 D.O. Probe Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22

5-5 YSI 600 Probe Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25

6-1 Minimum DOS and Computer Hardware Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20

A-1 Replacement Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4

D-1 Hazardous Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6

v

vi

4220 Flow Meter

Section 1 Introduction

This section provides a general introduction to the 4220 Sub­merged Probe Flow Meter. It includes a description, an expla­nation of how the unit operates, and technical specifications.

Manual Organization

This manual provides the information necessary to operate,
maintain, and perform minor service on the 4220. The manual is
organized into five sections:

• Section 1: Introduction, operation, and specifications

• Section 2: Keypad operation and programming for all
4200 series flow meters

• Section 3: Installation and options application-specific to
this flow meter

• Section 4: Installation of the Submerged Probe

• Section 5: Options and Accessories

• Section 6: Maintenance, Service, Troubleshooting, and
Upgrades

Following Section 6 are appendices covering replacement parts,
accessory parts, worksheets, and safety information.

1.1 Description The 4220 uses a submerged probe level sensor to measure level.

The flow meter is normally used with some type of primary mea­suring device for measuring flow in an open channel. The 4220
has built-in standard level-to-flow conversions that cover the
vast majority of open channel flow measurement situations. You
can also enter a non-standard equation, or sets of data points
that effectively plot a user-derived flow profile for a flow stream.
The 4220 supports the Isco data acquisition, storage, and
retrieval system with optional Flowlink software. Using
Flowlink, the 4220 has enough memory to store 40,000 level
readings. An optional 4200T Modem with speech capability is
available to transmit stored data over standard dial-up tele­phone lines.

1.2 Compatible Equipment

The 4220 Flow Meter may be used with the following equipment:

Manufactured by Teledyne Isco

• 3700 Series Sequential, Composite and Refrigerated
Samplers

• 6700 Series Portable and Refrigerated Samplers

• 4-20 mA Output Interface

• 581 Rapid Transfer Device

1-1

4220 Flow Meter
Section 1 Introduction

• 674 Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge

• High Low Alarm Relay Box

Non-Isco Products

• IBM Personal Computer or compatible clone with Isco
Flowlink software

• Laptop Computer with Isco software

• YSI 600 Multi-Parameter Sonde

Optional Accessories

• 4200T Modem - Speech-capable, with connector and
cable

• D.O. (dissolved oxygen) and pH parameter probes

• Submerged probe Extension Cables (Vented), in lengths
of 25 and 50 feet. (Maximum distance between probe
and flow meter with extension cables is 75 feet.)

• Quick-Disconnect Box for Submerged Probe (Allows
installation of probe as far as 1000 feet from flow meter.)

• Isco Flowlink Software for data acquisition, storage, and
management

• Mounting rings and extensions for the submerged probe.

1.3 Operating Principles When measuring flow rate, the 4220 is normally used with a

primary measuring device (weir or flume) or other open channel
flow arrangement where a known relationship exists between
level and flow rate. You can also use the 4220 to measure flow
using the Manning equation. The level measuring device is a
submerged probe. The flow meter electronically converts the
level reading into a properly-scaled flow rate value. The flow
meter also provides standard or optional flow-related output
signals to be used for:

• Flow-proportional sampler pacing and enabling

• Transmitting level and flow data to an external device
on a serial communications loop

• Data transfer to a remote location through a modem

• Control of an external 4-20 mA device

• Data transfer by a laptop computer

The flow meter contains microprocessor-controlled circuitry to
calculate level and flow rates from the output produced by the
submerged probe, store user programming instructions, operate
the display and internal printer. An alphanumeric liquid crystal
display (LCD) shows current total flow, level, and flow rate infor­mation. It also prompts you while you program the flow meter
during initial setup or subsequent program changes. An internal
printer provides a hard copy printout of the information com­puted by the flow meter, plots level or flow rate, and generates
reports. Connectors for other equipment you can use with the
4220 Flow Meter are on the right side of the flow meter's case.

1-2

4220 Flow Meter

Section 1 Introduction

1.3.1 Submerged Probe Operation

1.3.2 Transducer Operation The transducer in the submerged probe detects pressure with a

The submerged probe is mounted beneath the surface of the flow
stream and measures liquid level by responding to changes in
hydrostatic pressure against the probe's sensing element. The
probe contains an IC (integrated circuit) differential pressure
transducer. This transducer provides an output signal that
changes proportionally to the pressure placed against it by the
flow stream. The 4220 converts this signal to the flow rate with
level-to-flow rate conversion formulas or tables characteristic of
the primary device at the site.

small stainless steel diaphragm that transfers pressure to a
silicon diaphragm containing a resistance bridge. Pressure
against one side of this diaphragm causes it to flex slightly. This
flexing causes the resistors on one side of the bridge to stretch,
while the resistors on the other side of the bridge compress. The
result is an unbalance in the current across the bridge, that is
proportional to the increase of hydrostatic pressure caused by an
increasing level in the flow stream. This bridge is fed from a con­stant-voltage source, so any change in its output is a result of
hydrostatic pressure against the transducer.

CAUTION

You may need to disassemble the submerged probe for clean­ing. If you do, do not touch the metal diaphragm inside the
probe with either your fingers or tools. Deforming the dia­phragm even slightly may ruin the transducer. Flush the dia­phragm with gently running water only.

The inner face of the transducer disk is referenced to the atmo­sphere through the internal vent tube that runs the full length of
the probe’s cable. The outer face is subjected to the pressure
exerted by both the flow stream and the atmosphere. The dif­ference between the two pressures exerted on the diaphragm is
the hydrostatic pressure.

CAUTION

Any obstruction in the reference port of the cable could cause
faulty level readings. Moisture in the reference port can lead to
permanent internal damage to the probe. Keep the reference
port free of debris and moisture.

The output from the transducer is low and the impedance is high,
so an in-line amplifier boosts the signal to make sure the flow
meter can still detect it even when the submerged probe and the
flow meter are separated by some distance. The amplifier is
encapsulated in the box mounted on the submerged probe cable
near the connector.

1-3

4220 Flow Meter
Section 1 Introduction

Figure 1-1 Submerged Probe Level Sensor with Standard Tip

1.3.3 Two Probes Available Teledyne Isco offers two different submerged probe level sensors

for use with the 4220. The standard unit is intended for oper­ation in depths from 1 inch to 10 feet maximum. The other unit is
capable of operation to depths as great as 30 feet. The difference
in the probes is in the pressure transducer used inside. The two
are not interchangeable. You must select the appropriate unit
based on the maximum anticipated depth in your flow situation.

1.4 Software Upgrades Software for the 4200 Series Flow Meters can be upgraded

without the unit being returned to the factory. With Flash
Memory, software updates can easily be installed in the field
with a disk, a computer, and a cable. For more information about
installing software upgrades in the 4220 Flow Meter, see Section

6.

1.5 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors

The controls, indicators and connectors of the 4220 Flow Meter
are listed in Table 1-1, and their functions are briefly described.
Refer to Figure 1-2 for a view of the controls and indicators, and
Figure 1-3 for a view of the connectors and their pin functions.

1-4

4220 Flow Meter

Section 1 Introduction

Figure 1-2 4220 Controls and Indicators

1-5

4220 Flow Meter
Section 1 Introduction

Pin Function

Power

Sampler

Rain Gauge

Interrogator

A Ground
B 12V

A 12V
B Ground
C Flow Pulse Output
D Bottle Number Input
E Event Mark Input
F Inhibit/Enable Output

A 12V
B Ground
C SDO
D Rain Gauge Input

A 12V
B Ground

C Sense Line

D SDO
E SDI
F Analog Output Pulse

Modem
(or Analog
Output)

A = Channel 1 (-) Red
B = Channel 3 (+) Green
C = Channel 1 (+) White
D = Channel 2 (-) Brown
E = Channel 3 (-) Black
F = Channel 2 (+) Blue

Parameter

Submerged
Probe

Figure 1-3 4220 Side View Showing Connectors and Pin

Functions

1-6

B Tip

C Ring

A 12V
B Ground
C Input Signal (+)
D Temp (-)
E Temp (+)
F Switched 12V
G Input Signal (-)

A 12V
B Ground
C Level (+)
D Level (-)
E Ground

4220 Flow Meter

Section 1 Introduction

Table 1-1 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors

Controls Settings Function

ON/OFF On - Off Turns the flow meter on and off. Internal memory is protected with a

standby battery. See Section 2.

Keypad Momentary

Switches

24-key, four column matrix. Programs flow meter through a series of
keystrokes prompted by messages on the display. Certain keys per­form specific functions (printing reports or entering program choices
into memory). Arrow keys move through menus. Number keys enter
numeric values. See Section 2.

Indicators Reading Function

Display Multi-function 2-line, 40 characters per line, liquid crystal display (LCD). Prompts

Internal Plotter Various Provides hard copy of total flow, level or flow rate variation over

you through program procedure; displays total flow, present flow
rate, and level. May also display parameter readings, if sensors
present.

time; provides sampling information and a printout of the program.
Prints reports. Generates three different linear data plots. Chart
characters and plots are generated on plain paper roll with an ink
ribbon.

Connector Type Function

12 VDC 2-pin male M/S Connects 12 VDC power to flow meter.

Sampler 6-pin male M/S Connects flow meter to sampler; provides flow pulses to sampler;

receives sampler bottle number, composite sample, and event mark
signal.

Submerged Probe 5-pin, female M/S Connects submerged probe level sensor to flow meter. Also pro-

vides connection for reference port vent tube.

Rain Gauge/YSI 600
Sonde

9-pin Male M/S
(Custom)

Connects flow meter to an Isco 674 Rain Gauge or YSI 600
Multi-Parameter Sonde. Also provides output to High Low Alarm
Relay Box.

Interrogator 6-pin female M/S Provides serial data in/out and power. Can also be used with the

Modem (optional)

Analog Output

(optional)

Parameter 7-pin female M/S Connects flow meter to parameter sensor: temperature, pH, or D.O.

5-pin male M/S

6-pin male M/S

4-20 mA Output Interface and the 581 Rapid Transfer Device.

Connects flow meter to telephone line for remote data transmission.
This connector will only be present on units that have the optional
modem installed.

Provides analog data output from the flow meter to external,
non-Isco control and recording devices.

Note that you can only have temperature and one parameter (pH or
D.O.) at the same time.

NOTE: The 270 D.O. module is no longer available from Teledyne
Isco.

1-7

4220 Flow Meter
Section 1 Introduction

1.6 Technical Specifications

The technical specifications for the 4220 Flow Meter are found in
Table 1-2. The anticipated longevity for a roll of paper used in the
internal plotter is shown for various chart speeds in Table 1-4.
Battery life expectancy is found in Table 1-5.

Table 1-2 Technical Specifications for the 4220 Flow Meter

Physical Specifications

1

Size 16" high × 11 1⁄2" wide × 10

power source attached).

Weight 17 lb. 4 oz. (7.7 kg)

Material High-impact molded polystyrene structural foam.

Type Self-certified NEMA 4X Enclosure.

Display Type 2-line, 40 character/line alphanumeric dot matrix liquid crystal.

Power 12 -14 VDC, 16 mA average at 12.5 VDC (Plotter set at 1" per hour).

Typical Battery Life 7-10 days with plotter at 1" per hour and 4 Ampere-hour Ni-Cad bat-

tery.

14 days with plotter turned off.

⁄2" deep (40.6 × 29.2 × 26.7 cm) (without

Operating Temperature 0° to 140°F (–18° to 60°C).

Storage Temperature –40° to 158°F (–40° to 70°C).

Additional Power Required

for Optional Equipment

Modem 60 mA maximum during operation; 0.1 mA maximum standby.

High-Low Alarm Relay Box 10 mA standby, typical; 190 mA - both relays operated.

Internal Printer

1

Chart Speeds Off,

Ribbon 19.7 ft. (6 m) black nylon - replaceable.

Operating Speed 1.5 lines per second at 68° F. (20° C).

Character Size 0.09" high × 0.07" wide (2.4mm × 1.7 mm), 12 pitch.

Printer Recording Span

Chart Resolution

Display Resolution

Paper 4.5" wide × 65 ft. (11.4 cm × 19.8 m) plain white paper, replaceable.

Printer Reliability 2.5 million lines MCBF (mean cycles before failure).

Reports Printed Program selections, interval activity reports, flow meter history.

⁄2, 1, 2, or 4 inches per hour.

User-selected from 1⁄4 ft. (3.6 cm) to over 30 ft. (9.1 m) with multiple
over-ranges.

1

⁄240 of selected recording span

0.001 ft. (0.3 mm)

Printer Recording Modes Level, flow rate; includes totalized flow, sampler events, rainfall, tem-

Plotted Linear Data 3 different linear plots can be printed at the same time.

perature, velocity, pH (or) D. O. (dissolved oxygen).

1-8

4220 Flow Meter

Section 1 Introduction

Table 1-2 Technical Specifications for the 4220 Flow Meter (Continued)

Flowlink Data Storage and Retrieval System

Memory Partitions Maximum of 6 user-defined memory partitions for level or event stor-

age.

Data Storage Rate of data storage user-selected in 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, or 120

minute intervals.

Baud Rates Serial connection - 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, or 9600 baud.

Serial connection with the optional internal modem - 2400 baud.

Storage 80,000 bytes, apportioned per reading as follows: flow = 4 bytes,

Level Data Level readings are stored as a 16-bit number representing .1mm

level = 2 bytes, sample = 4 bytes, pH or D. O. = 1 byte)

(0.0394 inch); effective range is 0–65279 meters.

Flow Conversion

Flow Rate Calculations The flow meter creates a table of level-versus-flow rate from program

selections; this table divides the level span into 256 equally-spaced
level increments. Each level increment corresponds to a specific flow
rate. During data collection, if the measured level falls between two
table values, the flow meter will perform a linear interpolation to calcu­late the flow rate value.

Table 1-3 Technical Specifications for the 3222 Submerged Probe

Physical Specifications

Dimensions

Weight 3 lb, (including amplifier box and cable) (1.4 kg).

Body Material CPVC (chlorinated polyvinyl chloride) housing, stainless steel.

Cable Length 25 ft. (7.6 m).

Operating Temperature 32° to 160°F (0° to 71°C).

Storage Temperature –40° to 160°F (–40° to 71°C).

Maximum Distances

(between flow meter and level sen­sor)

7

⁄8” diameter × 91⁄2" long (2.2 × 24.1 cm).

75 feet (22.7 m) with optional extension cables.

1,000 feet (305 m) with optional Quick-Disconnect Box.

Level Measurement Specifications

Measurement Range 0.1 to 10.0 ft. (0.03 to 3.05 meters).

Maximum Level 20.0 ft. (6.1 m).

Measurement Accuracy Standard Sensor:

0.033 to 5.0 ft: ±0.008 ft/ft (0.01 to 1.52 m: ±0.008 m/m)

>5.0 ft: ±0.012 ft/ft (>1.52 m: ±0.012 m/m)

@ 77° F (25° C). Includes non-linearity, repeatability, and hysteresis, but does not
include temperature coefficient.

Specifications include nonlinearity, repeatability, and hysteresis, but do not
include a temperature coefficient.

1-9

4220 Flow Meter
Section 1 Introduction

Table 1-3 Technical Specifications for the 3222 Submerged Probe (Continued)

Compensated Temperature Range 32° to 122°F (0° to 50° C).

Temperature Error (over compen­sated temperature range)

0.1 to 4.0 ft. (0.03 to 1.2 m) ±0.005 ft. per degree F

4.0 to 10.0 ft. (1.2 to 3.1 m) ±0.007 ft. per degree F

Table 1-4 Chart Longevity

Chart Speed, Inches/Hour Time to Empty Roll

1

/4 Days

1

/2 Days

1

/2 Days)

4 195 Hours (8

216

132

0.5 65 Days

Note: Times assume Report Generator is turned off.

Table 1-5 Battery Life Expectancy

Flow Meter Settings Minimum

Reading Interval 5 Minutes Continuous Continuous

Printer Off Off 4” per Hour

Report Generator Off Off Every Hour

Average Current 14 mA 9 mA 23 mA

Nickel-Cadmium

Lead-Acid

Notes:

1. These figures are approximations based on calculations; actual times for your flow meter may vary due to
factors of battery age, charge condition, operating temperatures, and component differences. “Minimum” set­tings are those providing the lowest average current draw. “Maximum” settings are those requiring the highest current
draw. Your program should draw somewhere between the two.

2. The default settings are the program entered at the factory. You can reset the flow meter to the default program at
any time by holding down the 1 and Clear Entry keys at the same time.

3. The nickel-cadmium battery has a capacity of 4.0 ampere-hours at 20° C.

4. The lead-acid battery has a capacity of 6.5 ampere-hours at 20° C.
Both batteries are assumed to be fully charged with at least 95% of rated capacity and in good condition. These cal­culations also assume a 5% safety factor at the end of discharge. Lead-acid batteries should never be completely
discharged.

5. All fractional times are rounded down, rather than up.

3

4

10.7 Days

17.4 Days 27 Days 10.5 days

5

Default

16.6 Days 6.5 Days

2

1

Maximum

1.7 How to Make Battery Calculations

1-10

To calculate battery life expectancy for an installation, you must
know two things:

•The capacity of the battery you are using

•The average current draw of the flow meter or (other
device) powered.

4220 Flow Meter

Section 1 Introduction

Battery capacity is expressed in ampere-hours. The battery
manufacturer provides this information for each battery. This
value is the product of a load current times an arbitrary time
period, ten hours for nickel-cadmium batteries, and twenty hours
for lead-acid types. The terminal voltage of the battery at the end
of this time period is the discharged cell voltage, 10 volts for
nickel-cadmium and 10.5 volts for lead-acid types. Note that bat­teries are fully discharged well before the terminal voltage drops
to zero volts.

Isco batteries are rated at 4 ampere-hours for the
nickel-cadmium and 6.5 ampere-hours for lead-acid types.
Convert the battery current capacity into milliamperes and then
divide this figure by the average current drawn by the unit. This
will give you a number in hours. Divide that figure by 24, and
you will have the number of days.

Note that the published ampere-hour figures do not mean that
you can expect to draw 4 amperes from the nickel-cadmium
battery (or 6.5 amperes from the lead-acid battery) for one hour.
At the one-hour rate, discharges are typically less than half the
ten- or twenty-hour rate.

To convert ampere-hours to milliamperes, multiply by 1,000.
Examples:

4 ampere-hours × 1,000 = 4,000 mAh.

6.5 ampere-hours × 1,000 = 6,500 mAh.

If you divide this figure by the average current of the flow meter,
say 15 mA, you will have:

4,000 ÷ 15 = 266.67 hours.

Divide this number by twenty-four to get days:

266.67 hours ÷ 24 = 11.1 days.

As a margin of safety, we suggest you subtract 10% from this
number (100% – 5% for 95% capacity and 5% for a reserve at the
end of discharge).

11.1 – 1.1 = 10 days

This is the battery expectancy for a nickel-cadmium battery with
a 15 mA continuous average drain, with a 10% derating factor.
You can use the same method to calculate for lead-acid batteries,
except the current will be 6,500 mA, and the period correspond­ingly longer, in this case a little over 16 days. You can run the full
number of days calculated without derating if your batteries are
new and at 100% capacity, but you will leave yourself no safety
factor if you are in error on either of these assumptions.
Remember, if the battery fails, there will be a period of time
during which no measurements will be taken, (and no data
stored, if you are also using Flowlink® software).

Batteries lose capacity as they age. Capacity also drops off as
temperature falls. Low temperatures make less capacity
available due to the slowing of the chemical reactions, while high
temperatures accelerate the deterioration of battery plate sepa­rators, particularly if they are aged. Note also that

1-11

4220 Flow Meter
Section 1 Introduction

nickel-cadmium batteries show fairly rapid rates of self-dis­charge. A battery that is fully charged and then placed in storage
will lose some capacity each day. In a week, this could easily be
5% or more.

When using lead-acid batteries, you must be careful to avoid
complete discharge, as this may cause cell reversal, which will
ruin the battery. Also, complete discharge in low temperature
ambients may cause the battery to freeze, which can deform the
plates or even crack the case. Always operate these batteries
with a reserve factor!

1.7.1 Current Draw Calculating current draw for a 4220 Flow Meter is somewhat more difficult than calculating the battery capacity. You cannot simply measure the idle current of the unit unless the printer and report generator are turned off in the program. These functions require power periodically, but not all the time. If the figures given in the previous table are not satisfactory for your application, you can use the following procedure (shown in Figure 1-4) to measure the actual current draw.

Note

Do not attempt this procedure unless you have the proper
equipment available and know how to make electrical mea­surements.

To measure current for a varying load requires a more-sophisti­cated type of multimeter, one that is capable of averaging high
and low readings over a period of time. You should set the meter
on MIN/MAX and let it run with your program for several hours
or more. Other manufacturers’ meters are also acceptable, but
only if they are capable of averaging current draw. For a more
representative test, the area-velocity sensor should be attached
and submerged in water. You should run the test for at least
eight hours, longer if necessary, or until the flow meter has
exercised the entire program. The longer you run the test, the
more accurate the average will be.

1-12

4220 Flow Meter

Section 1 Introduction

Fluke® 87
(or other current-
averaging meter)

FLUKE 87 TRUE RMS MULTIMETER

00I5

Flow

Meter

Connect Cable
60-1394-023,

or you can make
your own.

Battery, 12 Volt

A

mA μA

–

Com

+ lead

mA

V Ω

A

Figure 1-4 Measuring the Flow Meter Current

Additional information about batteries used to power Isco
equipment is available from the Isco Power Products Guide,
which is shipped with this manual and any flow meter order.

+

+ clip

A good quality, adjustable, regulated DC power supply
can be substituted for the 12-volt battery. The power
supply should have at least 3 Amperes output, prefer­ably more, and capable of overcurrent surges.

1-13

4220 Flow Meter
Section 1 Introduction

1-14

4220 Flow Meter

Section 2 Programming

2.1 Getting Started You must program the 4220 Flow Meter to accurately monitor a

flow stream. You must also install the submerged probe level
sensor. The 4220 will usually also need a primary measuring
device, a structure placed across a stream that regulates flow.
This section describes programming the flow meter with the aid
of the keypad and display. There are nine program steps that
control all aspects of the flow meter's operation.

Teledyne Isco ships the flow meter with a program already
installed that is called the default program. You can use this
program as an example to see the flow meter's capabilities. Note
that the default program is just to test the unit at the factory.
The flow meter's internal computer must always have something
programmed into the unit, so that becomes the default program.
Your flow situation will usually require other programming
choices. The text provided with each screen explains the reasons
for the various menu options.

2.1.1 Operation of the

Display

The display is a two-line, forty character-per-line liquid crystal
(LCD). It has a backlight feature for easy viewing in low light sit­uations. The display has three different operating modes:
normal, programming, and messages. In the normal mode,
the display shows such things as level, flow rate, total flow,
parameter measurement, etc. In the programming mode, the
top line of the display shows each step as you work through the
program while the bottom line shows the choices available for
that step. In the message mode, the display provides instruc­tional information, such as how to leave programming, or what to
do if you have entered a number that is out-of-range.

Following is a “normal” display on the flow meter. This is typical
of what the flow meter will display when it is in the normal oper­ating mode and you are not programming it.

0000004.78 CF 1.13 FT 16-NOV-02

1.03 CFS (X X) 8:25:37

An interpretation of the numbers on this display would be as
follows: Time and date will be replaced by pH/D.O. and temper­ature if you are using parameter sensing. The (X X) to the right
of the time indicates letters that may appear from time to time
on the 4220 Flow Meter.

The letter C will appear when the flow meter is communicating
with a remote computer (Flowlink applications only). The letters
E or D will appear (Enable or Disable) when the sampler enable
function (step 6) is programmed by condition. (Programmed by

2-1

4220 Flow Meter
Section 2 Programming

condition means that the flow meter will enable the sampler only
when a certain condition or set of conditions, sensed by the flow
meter, are met.)

Total Flow Current Level Date (or pH/D.O.)
Flow Rate Time (temperature)

Following is a typical programming display on the flow meter.
One of the items in the second line will be flashing. The item
flashing is the selection currently held in memory.

TOTALIZED VOLUME UNITS

• CF • • GAL • • M3 • • AF • • L • • MGAL •

Following is a typical display providing instructional infor­mation:

CHANGES HAVE BEEN MADE IN STEP
PRESS '0' TO CONTINUE, PRESS '1' TO DISCARD

If you stop programming for more than two minutes, the flow
meter will time out, and whatever is on the display (message or
program step) will revert to the “normal” display, shown previ­ously.

The program consists of steps and substeps. The steps are listed
on the flow meter front panel. Most steps contain several sub­steps. Generally, you need to complete all the substeps before
stopping, or the flow meter will reject the changes you made for
that step after it times out. There are some exceptions.

The flow meter keeps in memory any changes that you made for
the finished steps (all substeps completed before stopping). Most
steps not finished when you stop will return to the previous
selection.

2.1.2 Keypad Functions Programming is done on the flow meter's keypad with prompts from the display. The following sections describe the function of each key.

OFF and ON - These two keys turn the flow meter off and on.

Go To Program Step - Pressing this key lets you go directly to a

particular program step without passing through all the steps of
the entire program. The display will ask you to enter the number
of the step you want to program. Enter the number by pressing
one of the number keys. There are nine program steps, so
numbers from one to nine are valid.

Exit Program - Press this key when you want to leave the pro­gramming mode and return to the normal operating mode.

Clear Entry - This key lets you return to the previous entry for
a program step if you have changed the entry, but not yet pressed
Enter.

Enter/Program Step - This key has two functions. One is to
enter a program selection into the flow meter's memory (Enter).
The other is to step through the program (Program Step).

2-2