Teledyne 100AH User Manual

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INSTRUCTION MANUAL

MODEL 100AH

SULFUR DIOXIDE ANALYZER

HIGH LEVEL

TELEDYNE INSTRUMENTS

ADVANCED POLLUTION INSTRUMENTATION DIVISION

(T-API)

6565 NANCY RIDGE DRIVE

SAN DIEGO, CA 92121-2251

TOLL-FREE: 800-324-5190

FAX: 858-657-9816

TEL: 858-657-9800

E-MAIL: api-sales@teledyne.com

WEB SITE: www.teledyne-api.com

02417

REV. D

07/23/01

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

SAFETY MESSAGES

Your safety and the safety of others is very important. We have provided many important safety messages in this manual. Please read these messages carefully.

A safety message alerts you to potential hazards that could hurt you or others. Each safety message is associated with a safety alert symbol. These symbols are found in the manual and inside the instrument. The definition of these symbols is described below:

GENERAL WARNING/CAUTION: Refer to the instructions for details on the specific danger.

CAUTION: Hot Surface Warning

CAUTION

TECHNICIAN SYMBOL: All operations marked with this symbol are to be performed by qualified maintenance personnel only.

ELECTRICAL GROUND: This symbol inside the instrument marks the central safety grounding point for the instrument.

The analyzer should only be used for the purpose

and in the manner described in this manual.

If you use the analyzer in a manner other than that for which

it was intended, unpredictable behavior could ensue with

: Electrical Shock Hazard

CAUTION

possible hazardous consequences.

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SAFETY MESSAGES .........................................................................................II

TABLE OF CONTENTS .....................................................................................III

LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................... VII

LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................ VIII

1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL..................................................................... 1-1

2 GETTING STARTED.................................................................................... 2-1

NSTALLATION

2.1 I

LECTRICAL AND PNEUMATIC CONNECTIONS

2.2 E

NITIAL OPERATION

2.3 I

.................................................................................................................2-1

....................................................................2-2

.........................................................................................................2-7

3 SPECIFICATIONS, AGENCY APPROVALS, WARRANTY ........................ 3-1

PECIFICATIONS

3.1 S

3.2 W

ARRANTY

.............................................................................................................3-1

....................................................................................................................3-2

4 THE M100AH SO2 ANALYZER ................................................................... 4-1

RINCIPLE OF OPERATION

4.1 P

NSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

4.2 I

4.2.1 Sensor Module, Reaction Cell, Detector................................................................4-3

4.2.2 Pneumatic Sensor Board.......................................................................................4-3

4.2.3 Computer Hardware and Software ........................................................................4-3

4.2.4 V/F Board ..............................................................................................................4-4

4.2.5 Front Panel............................................................................................................4-4

4.2.6 Power Supply Module............................................................................................4-7

4.2.7 Pneumatic System.................................................................................................4-7

4.3 I/O H

4.3.1 RS-232 Interface ...................................................................................................4-8

4.3.2 Status Output Interface........................................................................................4-11

4.3.3 Contact Closure Control Input Interface ..............................................................4-13

ARDWARE INTERFACE

...............................................................................................4-1

..............................................................................................4-3

.............................................................................................4-8

5 SOFTWARE FEATURES............................................................................. 5-1

NDEX TO FRONT PANEL MENUS

5.1 I

5.1.1 Sample Menu ........................................................................................................5-3

5.1.2 Set-Up Menu .........................................................................................................5-4

......................................................................................5-1

iii

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

AMPLE MODE

5.2 S

...............................................................................................................5-7

5.2.1 Test Functions .......................................................................................................5-7

5.2.2 CAL, CALS, CALZ, Calibration Functions............................................................5-10

ET-UP MODE

5.3 S

.............................................................................................................5-12

5.3.1 Configuration Information (CFG) .........................................................................5-12

5.3.2 Automatic Calibration (AutoCal) ..........................................................................5-12

5.3.3 Data Acquisition System (DAS) ...........................................................................5-12

5.3.4 Range Menu........................................................................................................5-15

5.3.5 Password Enable.................................................................................................5-18

5.3.6 Time of Day Clock ...............................................................................................5-18

5.3.7 Diagnostic Mode..................................................................................................5-18

5.3.8 Communications Menu........................................................................................5-18

5.3.9 Variables Menu (VARS) ......................................................................................5-19

6 OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE............................................... 6-1

ACK MOUNT OPTIONS

6.1 R

ERO/SPAN VALVES

6.2 Z

UTOCAL

6.3 A

6.4 4-20

A, I

ETUP ZERO/SPAN VALVES

- S

SOLATED CURRENT LOOP OUTPUT

...................................................................................................6-1

.......................................................................................................6-1

............................................................................6-2

...................................................................6-6

7 RS-232 INTERFACE .................................................................................... 7-1

ETTING UP THE

7.1 S

RS-232 I

7.1.1 Setup from the Front Panel ...................................................................................7-1

7.1.2 Security Feature ....................................................................................................7-2

7.1.3 Protocol of Port Communication............................................................................7-3

7.1.4 Entering Commands in Terminal Mode .................................................................7-4

7.2 C

OMMAND SUMMARY

7.3 TEST

7.4 WARNING C

7.5 CALIBRATION C

7.6 DIAGNOSTIC C

7.7 DAS C

7.8 VARIABLES C

COMMANDS AND MESSAGES

OMMANDS AND MESSAGES

OMMANDS AND REPORTS

OMMANDS AND MESSAGES

NTERFACE

..............................................................................7-1

......................................................................................................7-5

..................................................................................7-8

.........................................................................7-9

.................................................................7-11

..................................................................7-13

....................................................................................7-14

.....................................................................7-16

8 CALIBRATION AND ZERO/SPAN CHECKS .............................................. 8-1

8.1 M

8.2 M

8.3 A

8.4 D

8.5 U

8.6 S

8.7 C

8.8 C

ANUAL ZERO/SPAN CHECK OR CALIBRATION THROUGH THE SAMPLE PORT

ANUAL ZERO/SPAN CHECK OR CALIBRATION WITH ZERO/SPAN VALVES OPTION UTOMATIC ZERO/SPAN CHECK YNAMIC ZERO/SPAN CALIBRATION SE OF ZERO/SPAN VALVES WITH REMOTE CONTACT CLOSURE PECIAL CALIBRATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DUAL RANGE OR AUTO RANGE ALIBRATION QUALITY ALIBRATION GASES

....................................................................................................8-8

......................................................................................................8-9

......................................................................................8-6

.................................................................................8-6

........................................8-6

......................8-3

........................8-7

...............8-5

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

9 MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................... 9-1

9.1 M

9.2 R

9.3 R

9.4 C

9.5 C

9.6 P

9.7 L

9.8 L

9.9 EPROM R

AINTENANCE SCHEDULE EPLACING THE SAMPLE PARTICULATE FILTER EPLACING THE PUMP SCRUBBER LEANING ORIFICE AND ORIFICE FILTER LEANING THE REACTION CELL NEUMATIC LINE INSPECTION

EAK CHECK PROCEDURE IGHT LEAK CHECK PROCEDURE

EPLACEMENT PROCEDURE

...............................................................................................9-1

...................................................................................9-4

...........................................................................9-4

.......................................................................................9-5

..........................................................................................9-5

...............................................................................................9-8

.....................................................................................9-9

............................................................................9-10

.................................................................9-2

10 DIAGNOSTIC, TROUBLESHOOTING..................................................... 10-1

10.1 O

PERATION VERIFICATION

- M100AH D

10.1.1 Fault Diagnosis with TEST Variables ................................................................10-3

10.1.2 Fault Diagnosis with WARNING Messages.......................................................10-9

10.1.3 Fault Diagnosis using DIAGNOSTIC Mode .....................................................10-11

10.1.4 M100AH Internal Variables..............................................................................10-18

10.1.5 Test Channel Analog Output ...........................................................................10-20

10.1.6 Factory Calibration Procedure (Quick Cal) ......................................................10-21

10.2 P

ERFORMANCE PROBLEMS

........................................................................................10-23

10.2.1 AC Power Check .............................................................................................10-23

10.2.2 Flow Check......................................................................................................10-24

10.2.3 No Response to Sample Gas ..........................................................................10-24

10.2.4 Negative Concentration Display ......................................................................10-25

10.2.5 Excessive Noise ..............................................................................................10-25

10.2.6 Unstable Span .................................................................................................10-26

10.2.7 Unstable Zero ..................................................................................................10-26

10.2.8 Inability to Span ...............................................................................................10-27

10.2.9 Inability to Zero ................................................................................................10-27

10.2.10 Non-Linear Response....................................................................................10-28

10.2.11 Slow Response..............................................................................................10-28

10.2.12 Analog Output Doesn't Agree with Display Concentration.............................10-28

10.3 E

LECTRONIC SUBSYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING AND ADJUSTMENTS

10.3.1 Computer, Display, Keyboard..........................................................................10-29

10.3.2 Voltage/Frequency (V/F) Board .......................................................................10-33

10.3.3 Status/Temp Board..........................................................................................10-38

10.3.4 Power Supply Module......................................................................................10-41

10.3.5 Flow/Pressure Sensor .....................................................................................10-45

10.3.6 Reaction Cell Temp .........................................................................................10-49

10.3.7 Preamp Board .................................................................................................10-49

10.3.8 PMT Cooler .....................................................................................................10-50

10.3.9 HVPS (High Voltage Power Supply)................................................................10-52

IAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES

...................................10-3

...............................10-29

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

10.4 O

PTICAL SENSOR MODULE TROUBLESHOOTING

..........................................................10-54

10.4.1 PMT.................................................................................................................10-54

10.4.2 UV Lamp Adjust or Replacement ....................................................................10-54

10.5 P

NEUMATIC SYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING

...................................................................10-56

10.5.1 Leak Check......................................................................................................10-56

10.5.2 Pump ...............................................................................................................10-56

10.5.3 Z/S Valves .......................................................................................................10-56

11 M100AH SPARE PARTS LIST ................................................................ 11-1

11.1 M

ODEL

100AH L

EVEL

PARES KIT

1 S

...........................................................................11-3

APPENDIX A MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE FOR M100AH ...........................A-1

APPENDIX B ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS ..................................................B-1

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

LIST OF FIGURES

IGURE

2-1: R 2-2: R 2-3: R 2-4: F 2-5: A

EMOVAL OF SHIPPING SCREWS EAR PANEL

EAR PANEL PNEUMATIC RECOMMENDATIONS RONT PANEL SSEMBLY LAYOUT

4-1: M100AH S 4-2: F

RONT PANEL DISPLAY

4-3: RS-232 P 4-4: I 5-1: S 5-2: S 8-1: M 9-1: R 9-2: R 9-3: P

NTERFACING CONTACT CLOSURE

AMPLE MENU ETUP MENU TREE

ODEL

100AH C

EPLACING THE PARTICULATE FILTER

EACTION CELL NEUMATIC DIAGRAM

10-1: CPU B 10-2: V/F B 10-3: P 10-4: E 10-5: P 10-6: SO 10-7: SO

OARD DIP SWITCH SETTINGS OWER SUPPLY MODULE LAYOUT LECTRICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM RESSURE/FLOW SENSOR

SENSOR MODULE

10-8: PMT C 10-9: H

IGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY

...........................................................................2-4

........................................................................................................2-5

.......................................................2-6

....................................................................................................2-10

............................................................................................2-11

ULFUR DIOXIDE ANALYZER

...................................................................4-2

........................................................................................4-6

IN ASSIGNMENTS

..................................................................................4-9

I/O..................................................................4-12

.....................................................................................................5-2

..............................................................................................5-2

ALIBRATION SETUP

.....................................................................8-2

...................................................................9-3

...................................................................................................9-6

...........................................................................................9-7

OARD JUMPER SETTINGS

.....................................................................10-31

..................................................................10-37

...................................................................10-42

.........................................................................10-43

..............................................................................10-46

...................................................................................10-47

...................................................................................10-48

OOLER SUBSYSTEM

.............................................................................10-51

......................................................................10-53

vii

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

LIST OF TABLES

ABLE

2-1: F 2-1: F 4-1: S 4-2: F 4-3: S 5-1: M100AH S 5-2: M100AH S 5-3: M100AH M 5-4: M100AH M 5-5: C 6-1: Z 6-2: S 7-1: RS-232 P 7-2: RS-232 S 7-3: RS-232 T 7-4: RS-232 I 7-5: RS-232 C 7-6: RS-232 C 7-7: RS-232 T 7-8: RS-232 W 7-9: RS-232 C 7-10: RS-232 C 7-11: RS-232 D

INAL TEST AND CALIBRATION VALUES INAL TEST AND CALIBRATION VALUES (CONTINUED

YSTEM MODES DISPLAY

RONT PANEL STATUS

TATUS OUTPUT PIN ASSIGNMENTS

AMPLE MENU STRUCTURE ETUP MENU STRUCTURE

ENU STRUCTURE ENU STRUCTURE

ALIBRATE

ERO/SPAN VALVE OPERATION

ETUP AUTOMATIC ZERO/SPAN CALIBRATION

ETUP PASSWORDS

, S

ORT SETUP WITCHING FROM TERMINAL MODE TO COMPUTER MODE

ERMINAL MODE EDITING KEYS

NTERFACE COMMAND TYPES

OMMAND SUMMARY OMMAND SUMMARY

EST MESSAGES

ARNING MESSAGES

ALIBRATION MESSAGES

ALIBRATION COMMANDS IAGNOSTIC COMMAND SUMMARY

7-12: RS-232 DAS C 7-13: RS-232 O 8-1: T 8-2: M 8-3: E 8-4: M 8-5: M 8-6: M 8-7: Z/S V 8-8: C 9-1: P 10-1: T 10-1: T 10-1: T

YPES OF ZERO/SPAN CHECKS AND CALIBRATIONS

ANUAL ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

NTER EXPECTED SPAN GAS CONCENTRATION PROCEDURE

ANUAL SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ANUAL ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ANUAL SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

ALVES MODE WITH REMOTE CONTACT CLOSURE ALIBRATION QUALITY CHECK REVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

EST FUNCTIONS EST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED EST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED

PERATING MODES

..................................................................2-12

) .............................................2-13

.......................................................................................4-5

LED'S.................................................................................4-7

......................................................................4-11

.....................................................................5-3

.......................................................................5-4

ETUP MENU

- S

ETUP MENU

- S

#2 ......................................................5-5

#3 ......................................................5-6

..........................................................................5-18

..............................................................................6-1

..........................................................6-3

RONT PANEL

- F

....................................................................7-2

...........................7-3

.................................................................7-4

....................................................................7-5

................................................................................7-6

................................................................................7-7

......................................................................................7-8

...............................................................................7-9

........................................................................7-11

......................................................................7-12

.........................................................7-13

OMMANDS

.................................................................................7-14

..............................................................................7-16

..................................................8-1

ERO GAS THROUGH SAMPLE PORT

- Z

.......8-3

....................................8-4

PAN GAS THROUGH SAMPLE PORT

- S

- Z/S V

ALVES ALVES

..........................................8-5

........8-4

.............................................8-7

................................................................................8-8

................................................................9-1

...............................................................................................10-3

) ..........................................................................10-4

) ..........................................................................10-5

viii

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

ABLE

10-1: T 10-1: T 10-1: T 10-2: F 10-2: F 10-3: S 10-4: D 10-4: D 10-4: D 10-4: D 10-5: M 10-6: T 10-7: P 10-8: P 11-1: T-API M100AH S 11-1: T-API M100AH S 11-2: T-API M100AH L

EST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED EST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED EST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED RONT PANEL WARNING MESSAGES RONT PANEL WARNING MESSAGES (CONTINUED UMMARY OF DIAGNOSTIC MODES

IAGNOSTIC MODE IAGNOSTIC MODE IAGNOSTIC MODE IAGNOSTIC MODE

ODEL

100AH V

EST CHANNEL OUTPUT OWER SUPPLY MODULE SUBASSEMBLIES OWER SUPPLY MODULE

ARIABLES

PARE PARTS LIST PARE PARTS LIST (CONTINUED

EVEL

11-3: T-API M100AH 47

) ..........................................................................10-6

) ..........................................................................10-7

) ..........................................................................10-8

...................................................................10-9

).............................................10-10

....................................................................10-12

IGNAL

- S

IGNAL IGNAL IGNAL

I/O.......................................................................10-13

I/O (C I/O (C I/O (C

ONTINUED ONTINUED ONTINUED

) ..................................................10-14

) ..................................................10-15

) ..................................................10-16

...............................................................................10-19

...................................................................................10-20

........................................................10-41

LED O

PERATION

.......................................................10-44

...................................................................11-1

)...............................................11-2

PARES KIT

1 S

MM EXPENDABLES KIT

.................................................................11-3

..........................................................11-3

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

The Model 100AH has been designed with serviceability, reliability and ease of operation in mind. The M100AH's microprocessor continually checks operating parameters such as temperature, flow, and critical voltages. The instruments modular design uses captive screws to facilitate repair and ease of access. If you encounter any difficulty refer to Section 10 General Troubleshooting Hints.

We recognize that the need for information in this manual changes as time passes. When the instrument first arrives, it is necessary to get it up and running quickly and verify its correct operation. As time passes, more detailed information is often required on special configurations, calibration alternatives and other operational details. Finally there is the need for periodic maintenance and to quickly troubleshoot problems to assure maximum uptime and data integrity.

To address these needs, we have created three indexes to the information inside. They are:

Table of Contents:

Outlines the contents of the manual in the order the information is presented. This is a good overview of the topics covered in the manual. There is also a list of Tables and a list of Figures.

Index to M100AH Front Panel Menus:

The Menu Index (Figure 5-1, Figure 5-2 and Table 5-2) briefly describes the front panel menus and refers you to other sections of the manual that have a detailed explanation of each menu selection.

Troubleshooting Section 10:

The Troubleshooting Section, outlined in the Table of contents, allows you to diagnose and repair the instrument based on variables in the TEST menu, the results of DIAGNOSTIC tests, and performance faults such as excessive noise or drift. The troubleshooting section also explains the operation, adjustment, diagnosis and testing of each instrument subsystem.

If you are unpacking the instrument for the first time, please refer to Getting Started in Section 2.

1-1

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

1-2

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

2 GETTING STARTED

2.1 Installation

CAUTION

To avoid personal injury, always use two persons to

lift and carry the Model 100AH.

1. Verify that there is no apparent shipping damage. If damage has occurred please advise shipper first, then Teledyne API.

2. Before operation it is necessary to remove the shipping hold-down screws. Remove the instrument cover, then refer to Figure 2-1 for screw location.

NOTE

Save these shipping screws and re-install then whenever the

unit is shipped to another location.

3. While the instrument cover is removed, please check the voltage and frequency label on the cover of the power supply module and compare that to your local power before plugging in the M100AH.

4. Check for internal shipping damage, and generally inspect the interior of the instrument to make sure all circuit boards and other components are in good shape.

5. Replace the instrument cover.

6. When installing the M100AH, allow at least 4” (100 mm) clearance at the back and at least 1” (25 mm) clearance at each side for proper venting.

2-1

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

2.2 Electrical and Pneumatic Connections

1. Refer to Figure 2-2 to locate the rear panel electrical and pneumatic connections.

2. The pressure of the sample gas at the inlet port should be at atmospheric pressure (±2”Hg). Refer Figure 2-3 and Figure 8-1 for pneumatic system connection.

3. Attach the pump to the “Exhaust Out” port on the instrument rear panel. The exhaust from the pump also should be vented to a suitable vent at atmospheric pressure. (See Figure 2-3 for exhaust line venting recommendations.)

4. If desired, attach the analog output connections to a strip chart recorder and/or datalogger. Non-isolated 4-20mA current output is standard. Each 4-20 mA current output should be connected to one interfacing device only.

5. Connect the power cord to the correct voltage line, then turn to Section 2.3 Initial Operation.

WARNING – Analyzer Exhaust

Danger – Analyzer exhaust may contain high concentration of SO2

gas. Exhaust properly from the pump pack exhaust to well ventilated

area at atmospheric pressure.

CAUTION

High voltages present inside case.

DO NOT LOOK AT THE UV LAMP.

UV LIGHT COULD CAUSE EYE DAMAGE.

ALWAYS USE SAFETY GLASSES

(PLASTIC GLASSES WILL NO DO).

Connect the exhaust fitting of the pump to a suitable

vent outside of the room.

2-2

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

CAUTION

Do not operate with cover off.

Before operation check for correct input

voltage and frequency on serial number sticker.

Do not plug in the power cord if the voltage or

frequency is incorrect.

Do no operate without proper chassis grounding.

Do not defeat the ground wire on power plug.

Turn off analyzer power before disconnecting or

connecting electrical subassemblies.

Always replace shipping screws when transporting the Analyzer.

2-3

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Figure 2-1: Removal of Shipping Screws

2-4

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Figure 2-2: Rear Panel

2-5

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Figure 2-3: Rear Panel Pneumatic Recommendations

2-6

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

2.3 Initial Operation

1. Turn on the instrument power.

2. The display should immediately light, displaying the instrument type (M100AH) and the CPU memory configuration. If you are unfamiliar with the M100AH, we recommend that you read the overview Section 4 before proceeding. A diagram of the software menu trees is in Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2.

3. The M100AH requires about 30 minutes for all internal components to come up to temperature.

4. While waiting for instrument temperatures to come up, you can check for correct operation by using some of the M100AH's diagnostic and test features.

5. Examine the TEST functions by comparing the values listed in Table 2-1 to those in the display. Remember that as the instrument warms up the values may not have reached their final values yet. If you would like to know more about the meaning and utility of each TEST function refer to Table 10-1. Table 2-1 also contains the list of options. Section 6 covers setting up the options.

6. When the instrument is warmed up, re-check the TEST functions against Table 2-1. All of the readings should compare closely with those in the Table. If they do not, see Section 10.1.1.

2-7

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

The next task is to calibrate the analyzer. There are several ways to do a calibration; they are summarized in Table 7-1. For a preliminary checkout we recommend calibration with zero air and span gas coming in through the sample port. The procedure is:

WARNING – Analyzer Exhaust

Danger – Analyzer exhaust may contain high concentration of

SO2 gas. Exhaust properly from the pump pack exhaust to well

ventilated area at atmospheric pressure.

Step 1 - Enter the expected SO

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL-CONC This key sequence causes the M100AH to prompt for the

2. Press ENTR ENTR stores the expected SO2 span value. This value will be

3. Press EXIT Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

4. Press SETUPRNGE-SET

5. Press EXIT Returns the instrument to SAMPLE mode.

span gas concentration:

expected SO concentration value by pressing the key under each digit until the expected value is set.

used in the internal formulas to compute subsequent SO concentration values.

If necessary you may want to change ranges. Normally the instrument is shipped in single range mode set at 500 PPM. (see Section 5.3.4 for Range Menu)

concentration. Enter the SO2 span

2-8

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Step 2 - Calibrate the instrument:

Initial Zero/Span Calibration Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Input Zero gas Allow Zero gas to enter the sample port on the rear of the

instrument.

2. Press CAL The M100AH enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

3. Wait 5 - 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at the zero value. (If you wait

less than 5 - 10 minutes the final zero value may drift.)

4. Press ZERO The ENTR button will be displayed.

5. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations

and zeroes the instrument.

6. Press EXIT M100AH returns to the CAL menu. Allow SPAN gas to enter

the sample port on the rear of the instrument.

7. Wait 5 - 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at the span value. (If you wait

less than 5 -10 minutes the final span value may drift.)

8. Press SPAN If SPAN button is not displayed, check the Troubleshooting

Section 10.2.8 for instructions on how to proceed. In certain circumstances at low span gas concentrations (<100PPM), both the ZERO and SPAN buttons will appear. This is acceptable and just do not press ZERO button.

9. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations so

that the concentration displayed is the same as the expected span concentration you entered above, thus spanning the instrument.

10. Press EXIT Pressing EXIT returns the instrument to SAMPLE mode.

Step 3 - Review the quality of the calibration:

Calibration Quality Check Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Scroll the TEST function menu until SLOPE is displayed.

2. Scroll the TEST function menu until OFFSET is displayed.

Typical SLOPE value is 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is not in this range, check Section 8.7 or 10. If the SLOPE value is in the acceptable range the instrument will perform optimally.

The M100AH will display the OFFSET parameter for the

equation. A value less than 200mV indicates calibration

in the optimal range. If the OFFSET value is outside this range, check Section 8.7 and 10.

Step 4 - The M100AH is now ready to measure sample gas.

2-9

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Figure 2-4: Front Panel

2-10

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Figure 2-5: Assembly Layout

2-11

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Table 2-1: Final Test and Calibration Values

Test Values

Observed Value

Units Nominal Range Reference Section

RANGE PPM 10 - 5000 5.3.4

STABIL PPM 0.01 - 0.05 5.2.1, 10.1.1,

10.2.5, Table 10-1

INLET SAMPLE

in-Hg-

Abs

25 - 35 10.1.1, 10.3.5,

Table 10-1

PRESS

VACUUM PRESS

SAMP FL CC / MIN

in-Hg-

Abs

4 - 10 10.3.5, Table 10-1

650 ± 60

10.2.2, 10.3.5, Table 10-1

PMT mV 0 - 5000 10.4.1

UV LAMP mV 2000 - 4000

10.4.2

typical

STR. LGT PPM <100.0 Table 10-1

DARK PMT mV <200 Table 10-1

DARK LAMP mV <200 Table 10-1

SLOPE

1.0 ± 0.3

8.7

OFFSET mV <200 8.7

HVPS V 450 - 900 constant 10.3.9

DCPS mV

RCELL TEMP

BOX TEMP

PMT TEMP

C 8 - 50 10.3.3.1

2500 ± 200

50 ± 1

7 ± 1

10.3.4

10.3.6

10.3.8

Electric Test & Optic Test

Electric Test

PMT Volts mV

SO2 Conc PPM

2000 ± 100

10.1.3.2

Optic Test

PMT Volts mV

SO2 Conc PPM

200 ± 20

10.1.3.3

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Table 2-1: Final Test and Calibration Values (Continued)

Parameter

SO2 Span Conc PPM 100 - 4500 Table 8-3

SO2 Slope

SO2 Offset mV <100 8.7

Noise at Zero (rms)

Noise at Span (rms)

Sample Flow cc/min

Factory Installed Options Option Installed

Power Voltage/Frequency

Rack Mount, w/ Slides

Rack Mount, w/ Ears Only

Observed Value

PPM 0.05 - 0.2 Table 10-1

PPM 0.5% of reading

Units Nominal Range Reference Section

Span and Cal Values

1.0 ± 0.3

(above 50PPM)

Measured Flows

650 ± 60

8.7

Table 10-1

10.2.2, 10.3.5, Figure 10-5

Zero/Span Valves Manifold

Multi-drop

Kicker

37 mm Filter

4-20 mA Isolated Current Loop Output (non-isolated standard)

SO2 (RANGE 1) ____________ ____________

SO2 (RANGE 2) ____________ ____________

SPARE ____________ ____________

TEST OUTPUT ____________ ____________

ISOLATED NON-ISOLATED

PROM # Serial #

Date Technician

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

3 SPECIFICATIONS, AGENCY APPROVALS,

WARRANTY

3.1 Specifications

Ranges In 1 PPM increments from 10 PPM to 5000 PPM, dual ranges or autoranging Noise at Zero 0.05 PPM RMS Noise at Span <0.5% of reading (above 50 PPM) Lower Detectable Limit Zero Drift Zero Drift Span Drift

< 1 PPM/24 hours

<2 PPM/7 days

<0.5% FS/7 days Lag Time 5 sec Rise Time 95% in < 30 sec Fall Time 95% in < 30 sec Sample Flow Rate Linearity 1% of full scale Precision 0.5% of reading Temperature Range 5 - 40 Temp Coefficient < 0.1% per Humidity 0 - 95% RH, non-condensing Voltage Coefficient < 0.05% per V Dimensions HxWxD 7"x17"x23.6" (18 cm x 43 cm x 61 cm) Weight, Analyzer 43 lbs (19.5 kg) Weight, Pump Pack 16 lbs (7 kg) Power, Analyzer Power, Analyzer

Power, Ext. Pump Power, Ext. Pump Environmental Conditions Recorder Output

Status Option 12 Status Outputs from opto-isolator Measurement Units PPM, mg/m

0.1 PPM RMS

650cc/min. ±10%

110 v∼60 Hz, 220 v∼50 Hz, 240 v∼50 Hz, 250 watts

230 v∼50 Hz, 2.5A 110 v∼60 Hz, 220 v∼50 Hz, 240 v∼50 Hz, 295 watts 230 v∼50 Hz, 2.5 A Installation Category (Overvoltage Category) II Pollution Degree 2

4 - 20 mA non-isolated standard, 0-100 mV, 0-1, 5, 10 v ; resolution of 1 part

in 1024 of selected voltage or current range. 4 - 20 mA isolated optional.

1. Defined as twice the zero noise level.

2. At constant temperature and voltage.

3. Electrical ratings for CE Mark compliance.

4. Bi-polar. (voltage or current selectable by the jumper on the motherboard)

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

3.2 Warranty

WARRANTY POLICY (02024c)

Prior to shipment, Teledyne API equipment is thoroughly inspected and tested. Should equipment failure occur, Teledyne API assures its customers that prompt service and support will be available.

COVERAGE

After the warranty period and throughout the equipment lifetime, Teledyne API stands ready to provide on-site or in-plant service at reasonable rates similar to those of other manufacturers in the industry. All maintenance and the first level of field troubleshooting is to be performed by the customer.

NON-TELEDYNE API MANUFACTURED EQUIPMENT

Equipment provided but not manufactured by Teledyne API is warranted and will be repaired to the extent and according to the current terms and conditions of the respective equipment manufacturers warranty.

GENERAL

Teledyne API warrants each Product manufactured by Teledyne API to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of one year from the date of delivery. All replacement parts and repairs are warranted for 90 days after the purchase.

If a Product fails to conform to its specifications within the warranty period, Teledyne API shall correct such defect by, in Teledyne API's discretion, repairing or replacing such defective Product or refunding the purchase price of such Product.

The warranties set forth in this section shall be of no force or effect with respect to any Product: (i) that has been altered or subjected to misuse, negligence or accident, or (ii) that has been used in any manner other than in accordance with the instruction provided by Teledyne API or (iii) not properly maintained.

THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION AND THE REMEDIES THEREFORE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHER WARRANTY OF QUALITY, WHETHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. THE REMEDIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION ARE THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF ANY WARRANTY CONTAINED HEREIN. TELEDYNE API SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OF TELEDYNE API'S PERFORMANCE HEREUNDER, WHETHER FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY OR OTHERWISE.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

All units or components returned to Teledyne API should be properly packed for handling and returned freight prepaid to the nearest designated Service Center. After the repair, the equipment will be returned, freight prepaid.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

4 THE M100AH SO2 ANALYZER

4.1 Principle of Operation

The operation of Teledyne API Model 100AH Analyzer is based upon the well proven technology from the measurement of fluorescence of SO absorbs in the 190 nm - 230 nm region free of quenching by air and relatively free of other interference.

The UV lamp emits ultraviolet radiation which passes through a 214 nm filter (allowing 214 nm light through), exciting the SO

molecules and producing fluorescence which is measured by a PMT

with a secondary UV filter. The equations describing the above reactions are as follows:

due to absorption of UV energy. Sulfur Dioxide

→+ (1)

*2SOhvSO

The ultraviolet light at any point in the system is given by:

()()

[]

SOaxexp1IIa −−= (2)

Where I0 is the UV light intensity, a is the absorption coefficient of SO2, x the path length, and (SO2) the concentration of SO

. The excited SO2 decays back to the ground state emitting a characteristic

fluorescence:

hvSO*SO +→ (3)

The block diagram in Figure 4-1 illustrates the general operation principle of the Model 100AH. Ultraviolet light is focused through a narrow 214 nm bandpass filter into the reaction chamber. Here it excites the SO vacuum to minimize quenching effect from CO

molecules, which give off their characteristic decay radiation. The sample is under

and O2. A second filter allows only the decay

radiation to fall on the PMT. The PMT transfers the light energy into the electrical signal in the sample stream being analyzed. The preamp board converts this signal into a voltage which is further conditioned by the signal processing electronics.

The UV light source is measured by a UV detector. Software calculates the ratio of the PMT output and the UV detector in order to compensate for variations in the UV light energy. Stray light is the background light produced with zero PPM SO will convert this electrical signal into the SO

. Once this background light is subtracted, the CPU

concentration.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Figure 4-1: M100AH Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

4.2 Instrument Description

4.2.1 Sensor Module, Reaction Cell, Detector

The sensor module (Figure 10-6) is where the fluorescence light is generated and detected. It is the most complicated and critical sub-assembly in the entire analyzer. It consists of the following assemblies and functions:

1. The reaction cell

2. Reaction cell heater/thermistor

3. PMT and HVPS (high voltage power supply)

4. PMT cooler/cold block/heatsink/fan

5. Preamp assembly:

A. Preamp range control hardware

B. HVPS control

C. PMT cooler temp control

6. Electric and optic test electronics

7. Light trap

8. UV lamp and UV detector

4.2.2 Pneumatic Sensor Board

The pneumatic sensor board consists of two pressure sensors mounted on the flow control module. One pressure sensor measures the upstream of the flow control module which is near ambient pressure. The second pressure sensor measures reaction cell’s pressure which is about one-quarter of ambient pressure. From these two pressure the sample flow rate can be computed and is displayed as sample flow in the test menu including two pressure readings. The M100AH displays pressure in inches of mercury-absolute (in-Hg-A) and flow in cc/min.

4.2.3 Computer Hardware and Software

The M100AH Analyzer is operated by a micro computer. The computer's multitasking operating system allows it to do instrument control, monitor test points, provide analog output and provide a user interface via the display, keyboard and RS-232 port. These operations appear to be happening simultaneously but are actually done sequentially based on a priority queuing system maintained by the operating system. The jobs are queued for execution only when needed, therefore the system is very efficient with computer resources.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

The M100AH is a true computer based instrument. The microprocessor does most of the instrument control functions such as temperature control, and valve switching. Data collection and processing are done entirely in the CPU with the final concentration values being sent to a D/A converter to produce the instrument analog output.

The computer memory is divided into 3 sections: EPROM memory contains the multi-tasking operating system code plus the instructions that run the instrument. The RAM memory is used to hold temporary variables and current concentration data. The EEPROM memory contains the instrument set-up variables such as range and instrument ID number. The EEPROM data is nonvolatile so the instrument can lose power and the current set-up information is preserved.

4.2.4 V/F Board

Computer communication is done via 2 major hardware assemblies. These are the V/F board and the front panel display/keyboard.

The V/F board is multifunctional, consisting of A/D input channels, digital I/O channels, and analog output channels. Communication with the computer is via a STD bus interface. The computer receives all of the instrument data and provides all control functions through the V/F board.

4.2.5 Front Panel

The front panel of the M100AH is shown in Figure 2-4. The front panel consists of a 2 line display and keyboard, 3 status LED's and power switch. Communication with the display, keyboard, and status LED's is done via the computer's on-board parallel port. The M100AH was designed as a computer controlled instrument, therefore all major operations can be controlled from the front panel display and keyboard.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Table 4-1: System Modes Display

Mode Meaning

SAMPLE

SAMPLE A

ZERO CAL A

ZERO CAL M

ZERO CAL R

SPAN CAL A

SPAN CAL M

SPAN CAL R

LOW CAL A

LOW CAL M

LOW CAL R

M-P CAL

SETUP nnn

DIAG I/O

DIAG AOUT

DIAG D/A

Sampling normally. Flashing indicates adaptive filter is on.

Sampling normally. AutoCal enabled.

Doing a ACAL (AutoCal) zero check or adjust

Doing a manual zero check or adjust

Doing a remote zero check

Doing a ACAL (AutoCal) high span check or adjust

Doing a manual high span check or adjust

Doing a remote high span check

Doing a ACAL (AutoCal) low span check

Doing a manual low span check

Doing a remote low span check

Doing a multi-point calibration

Configuring analyzer (sampling continues). Software revision shown.

Diagnostic test mode for Signal I/O

Diagnostic test mode for analog output

Diagnostic test mode for DAC calibration

DIAG OPTIC

DIAG Elec

DIAG RS232

DIAG LAMP

DIAG TCHN

Diagnostic test mode for Optic test

Diagnostic test mode for Electrical test

Diagnostic test mode for RS-232 test

Diagnostic test mode for Lamp calibration

Diagnostic test mode for Test channel output

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Figure 4-2: Front Panel Display

The display consists of 2 lines of 40 characters each (see Figure 4-2). The top line is divided into 3 fields, and displays information. The first field is the mode field. The mode field indicates the current mode of the Analyzer. Usually, it shows "SAMPLE", indicating that the instrument is in sample mode. The center field displays TEST values. The TEST functions allow you to quickly access many important internal operating parameters of the M100AH. This provides a quick check on the internal health of the instrument. The right hand field shows current concentration value of SO

4.2.5.1 Front Panel Display

The second line of the display contains eight fields. Each field defines the key immediately below it. By redefining the keys dynamically it is possible to simplify the instrument electronics and user interface.

4.2.5.2 Status LED's

At the right of the display there are 3 status LED's. They can be in three states, OFF, ON, and Blinking. The meanings of the LED's are given in Table 4-2.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Table 4-2: Front Panel Status LED's

LED State Meaning

Green Off

On Blinking

Yellow

Red Off

(1) This occurs and means during Calibration, DAS holdoff, Power-up Holdoff, and when in Diagnostic mode.

Off On Blinking

Blinking

NOT monitoring, DAS disabled or inactive Monitoring normally, taking DAS data Monitoring, DAS in HOLDOFF mode (1)

Autocal disabled Autocal enabled Calibrating

No warnings exist Warnings exist

4.2.5.3 Power Switch

The power switch has two functions. The rocker switch controls overall power to the instrument; in addition it includes a circuit breaker. If attempts to power up the M100AH result in a circuit breaker trip, the switch automatically returns to the off position, and the instrument will not power up. If this occurs, consult troubleshooting section or factory.

4.2.6 Power Supply Module

The Power supply module (PSM) supplies AC and DC power to the rest of the instrument. It consists of a 4 output linear DC power supply and a 15 volt switching supply. In addition, it contains the switching circuitry to drive the DC operated valves and several switched AC loads to operate the reaction cell and UV lamp.

4.2.7 Pneumatic System

In the basic analyzer, the sample enters through a 5-micron TFE filter element. The sample then enters the flow control module and the reaction cell. The external pump pack is supplied as standard equipment with the M100AH.

When the zero/span valve option is included, the sample passes through the valve manifold and then enters the reaction cell. (See Section 6.)

Sample flow is controlled by a critical flow orifice. The orifice is protected by a 20-micron filter. The orifice never needs adjustment. The critical flow orifice maintains precise volumetric flow control as long as the down stream pressure of the orifice is maintained under critical pressure. For example, at or near 14" (350 mm) Hg absolute at sea level.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

4.3 I/O Hardware Interface

4.3.1 RS-232 Interface

The M100AH uses the RS-232 communications protocol to allow the instrument to be connected to a variety of computer based equipment. RS-232 has been used for many years and is well documented. Generally, every manufacturer observes the signal and timing requirements of the protocol very carefully.

Data Communications Software for a PC: You will need to purchase a software package so your computer can transmit and receive on its serial port. There are many such programs, we use PROCOMM at TELEDYNE API. Once you set up the variables in PROCOMM and your wiring connections are correct, you will be able to communicate with the analyzer. Make sure the analyzer is set up for 2400 baud (SETUP-MORE-COMM-BAUD) and that PROCOMM is set up as described in the "RS-232 Pin Assignments" Figure 4-3.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Figure 4-3: RS-232 Pin Assignments

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

4.3.1.1 RS-232 Connection Examples

Example 1: Connecting the M100AH (using supplied cable) to an IBM-PC AT compatible computer (DB-25 external connector, or DB-25 end of DB-9 to DB-25 Adapter).

In this case, the PC is wired as DTE and the analyzer is jumpers set as DCE, therefore a null modem is not needed. The wiring is "straight through" i.e. pin 1 to pin 1, pin 2 to pin 2, etc. Therefore all you have to do here is adapt the connector on the analyzer cable (male DB-25) to the DB-25 male on the PC. A female to female DB-25 "gender changer" (cable or adapter) will complete the connection. Make sure none of the adapters have null modems in them.

Example 2: Connecting the Teledyne API analyzer to a serial printer.

In this case, it will be necessary to determine whether the printer is DCE or DTE. Some printers can be configured for either DCE or DTE by jumpers or DIP switch settings. Consult the user manual for the printer. If the DB-25 connector pinout shows that data is output on pin 2 (from the printer), then it is DTE and the TELEDYNE API analyzer should be switch set to DCE mode. If pin 2 of the printer DB-25 is an input to the printer, then set the switch of the analyzer to DTE mode. Refer to drawing #01916.

Example 3: Connecting the Teledyne API analyzer to a modem.

The modem is always configured as DCE. Therefore, setting switch as the DTE will be required to connect the analyzer to the modem. Refer to drawing #01916.

4.3.1.2 RS-232 Diagnostic Procedures

There are several features of the M100AH to make connecting to RS-232 and diagnosing RS232 faults easier.

There are two LED's on the rear panel Connector Board that which are connected to pin 2 and 3 of the DB-9 connector on the board. If the switch is in the DCE position (default) the red LED is connected to pin 3 of the DB-9 connector. When data is transmitted by the M100AH the red LED will flicker, indicating data present on this line. When the M100AH is running, the LED will normally be ON, indicating logic low. A one second burst of data can be transmitted over the port by a command in the DIAGNOSTIC menu. Press SETUP-DIAG, scroll to select RS232 and press ENTR to transmit a burst of lower case "w"'s.

The green LED is connected to pin 2. If the switch is in the default DCE position, this is the pin on which the M100AH receives data. It is ON if an outside device is connected. This LED gets its power from the outside device. When data is being transmitted by the outside device to the M100AH this LED will flicker.

When you are attempting to configure the RS-232 port, if either of the LED's go out when the cable is connected, that generally means that there is a grounding problem. Check the relative ground levels of pin 5 on the DB-9.

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4.3.2 Status Output Interface

The status output is a feature that reports the Analyzer conditions via contact closures on the rear panel. The closures are available on a 50 pin connector on the rear panel. The contacts are NPN transistors which can draw up to 50 mA of DC current. The pin assignments are listed in the Table below.

Table 4-3: Status Output Pin Assignments

Output # PIN # Definition Condition

1 1 (-), 2 (+) ZERO CAL CLOSED IN ZERO CAL

2 3 (-), 4 (+) SPAN CAL CLOSED IN SPAN CAL

3 5 (-), 6 (+) FLOW ALARM CLOSED IF FLOW WARNING

4 7 (-), 8 (+) TEMP ALARM CLOSED IF ANY TEMP WARNING

5 9 (-), 10 (+) DIAG MODE CLOSED IN DIAG MODE

6 11 (-), 12 (+) POWER OK CLOSED IF SYSTEM POWER OK

7 21 (-), 22 (+) SYSTEM OK CLOSED IF SYSTEM OK

8 19 (-), 20 (+) HVPS ALARM CLOSED IF HVPS WARNING

9 13 (-), 14 (+) SPARE

10 23 (-), 24 (+) HIGH RANGE CLOSED IF HIGH PMT RANGE

11 25 (-), 26 (+) LOW SPAN CAL LOW SPAN CALIBRATION

12 27 (-), 28 (+) UV LAMP ALARM CLOSED IF UV LAMP WARNING

The Status/Temp Board schematic can be found in the Appendix Drawing 01087.

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Figure 4-4: Interfacing Contact Closure I/O

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

4.3.3 Contact Closure Control Input Interface

The Zero/Span calibration can be initiated using external control inputs to control optional Zero/Span valves. There are 4 optoisolator type control inputs available and each input is assigned by the software for specific calibration control. Refer to Figure 2-2 REMOTE IN PIN ASSIGNMENTS Table and Figure 4-4 for interfacing with external device. Refer to Section 8.5 for additional information.

Figure 4-4 shows an example of a control input interfacing circuit. The input current through the LED is limited by a built-in resistor to prevent damage due to over-current. Once the desired input channels are properly connected, the user can set up each input to perform specific calibration. The input signal should be a high level (opto closed) with a minimum duration of 1 second.

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5 SOFTWARE FEATURES

This section covers the software features of M100AH which is designed as a computer controlled instrument. All major operations are controlled from the front panel display and keyboard through a user friendly menu. Sample mode is explained for the basic operation of the analyzer including calibration steps. Advanced software features are covered for experienced users under the Setup mode offering advanced instrument control capabilities for optimum operation of the instrument. See "Section 2 Getting Started" for installation and initial operation.

5.1 Index To Front Panel Menus

The next several pages contain two different styles of indexes that will allow you to navigate the M100AH software menus. The first two pages show a "tree" menu structure to let you see at a glance where each software feature is located in the menu. The second menu contains a brief description of each key mnemonic and a reference to the section of the manual that describes its purpose and function in detail.

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Figure 5-1: Sample Menu

Figure 5-2: Setup Menu Tree

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5.1.1 Sample Menu

Table 5-1: M100AH Sample Menu Structure

Menu Level

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

TEST TST>

CAL Zero/Span calibration w/ gas

LOW Shown if AUTO or DUAL

HIGH Shown if AUTO or DUAL

CALZ Zero calibration w/ zero gas

CALS Span calibration w/ span gas

ZERO Press ZERO then ENTR will

SPAN Press SPAN then ENTR will

Test functions 5.2.1,

through sample port

range selected for low span calibration

range selected for high span calibration

from zero valve option

from span valve option

zero analyzer

span analyzer

Reference Section

Table 10-1

5.2.2.1, 8.1

5.2.2.3, 5.3.4

5.2.2.2, 8.2, 8.3

5.2.2.3, 8.2, 8.3

5.2.2.2

5.2.2.3

LOW Low span gas calibration 5.2.2.3

HIGH High span gas calibration 5.2.2.3

CONC Expected SO2 span

concentration

SETUP The SETUP Menu - See next

table

5.2.2.4

Table 5-2

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

5.1.2 Set-Up Menu

Table 5-2: M100AH Setup Menu Structure

Setup Menu #1

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

CFG CFG is primarily used for

showing special configuration options and factory special software

PREV,

NEXT, LIST

AUTOCAL Automatic zero/span check

SEQx Select SEQUENCE 1 thru

MODE Disable or enable zero

SET SETUP automatic

PREV, NEXT can be used

to scroll through the configuration list

LIST automatically scrolls the list

or calibration

and/or span mode

zero/sapn calibration sequence

Reference Section

5.3.1

5.3.2, 6.3

DAS Data Acquisition System

(DAS) -

EDIT SETUP Data Acquisition

System (DAS)

VIEW PREV Examine the DAS data

buffer - display previous average

PV10 Move UP previous 10

averages in the DAS data buffer

NEXT Examine the DAS data

buffer - display next average

NX10 Display next 10 averages in

the DAS data buffer

5.3.3

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Table 5-3: M100AH Menu Structure - Setup Menu #2

Setup Menu #2

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

RNGE Range control menu 5.3.4

MODE Range mode select - Single,

Autorange, Dual

AUTO Automatically select output

range

DUAL Independent output ranges

for REC and DAS

SINGLE Single range for both REC

and DAS outputs

SET Sets range if mode is Single

range

LO Sets low range value if

Autorange enabled

HI Sets high range value if

Autorange enabled

UNITS Unit selection menu 5.3.4.4

PPM,

MGM

Select units that instrument

uses

Reference Section

5.3.4

5.3.4.1

5.3.4.2

5.3.4.4

PASS Password enable/disable

ON-OFF Enable/disable password

checking

CLOCK TIME Adjusts time on the internal

time of day clock

DATE Adjusts date on the internal

time of day clock

MORE Continue menu one MORE

level down

5.3.5

5.3.6

Table 5-4

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

Table 5-4: M100AH Menu Structure - Setup Menu #3

Setup Menu #3

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description

MORE Next level of the SETUP

COMM RS-232 communications

control menu

BAUD 300-

1200240048009600-

19.2k

ID Sets the instrument ID-

VARS Internal variables 5.3.9, 10.1.4

PREV,

NEXT, JUMP, EDIT

PREV, NEXT scroll up and

Set the BAUD rate to 3001200-2400-4800-9600-

19.2K

(included on all RS-232 messages)

down through the VARS menu. Jump will go to variable number selected, EDIT will allow editing of the selected variable.

Reference Section

5.3.8

5.3.8, 7.1

5.3.8, 7.1.1

5.3.9, 10.1.4

DIAG Diagnostic menu 5.3.7, 10.1.3

PREV,

PREV, NEXT scroll up and

down through the DIAG menu. (SIGNAL I/O, ANALOG OUTPUT, D/A CALIBRATION, OPTIC TEST, ELECTRICAL TEST, LAMP CALIBRATION, TEST CHAN OUTPUT, RS-232 OUTPUT)

5.3.7, 10.1.3

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5.2 Sample Mode

5.2.1 Test Functions

NOTE

In any of the following TEST functions, if XXXX is displayed,

that indicates an off scale and therefore meaningless reading.

To use the TEST functions to diagnose instrument faults, refer to Troubleshooting Section 10.1.

Range

This is the range of the instrument. In standard configuration there is one range for both REC and DAS outputs.

Dual range allows a different range for each output. When enabled, the RANGE test measurement is replaced with two different test measurements, RANGE1 (LOW RANGE) and RANGE2 (HIGH RANGE).

Auto range option allows a low range and high range. The M100AH will automatically switch to the other range dynamically as concentration values require. The TEST values will show the range the instrument is currently operating in, and will dynamically display the alternate range as the range changes occur.

Stability

The instrument stability is used to indicate the stability of measurement of analyzer. It is computed as the standard deviation of 25 samples of a moving window with interval of 10 seconds between each sample.

Sample Pressure

Sample pressure is measured using a solid state pressure sensor at the upstream of the flow control module. This reading will vary according to the sample gas pressure, altitude and local weather condition.

Vacuum Pressure

Sample pressure is measured at the downstream of the flow control module. This reading is the reaction cell pressure which is used by the CPU to compensate the SO pressure of the sample gas in the reaction cell.

concentration due to its

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Sample Flow

The sample flow is computed from the pressure measured upstream of the flow control module. Since the downstream of the orifice is well within the critical pressure (which is also checked continuously), it is the upstream pressure of the orifice responsible directly proportional to the flow through the orifice. Flow variation has little effect on the analyzer reading. Its nominal value is 650 ± 60 cc/min.

PMT Voltage

The PMT VOLTAGE measures the PMT signal at the output of the preamp board. The waveform of the PMT voltage can be complex, and vary up to 5000 mV when a high concentration of SO

is being measured. If the PMT reading is consistently 5000 mV, that

indicates an off-scale reading. Typical readings bounce around, which is normal.

UV Lamp

UV Lamp reading is the measurement voltage from the reference detector preamp board. Typical value is between 2000 mV and 4000 mV and above 600 mV is acceptable.

Stray Light

Stray Light is the background light of the reaction cell expressed in PPM while sampling zero gas. It is only an indication of the condition of the optical system such as lenses, UV filter, light leak, etc.

Dark PMT

The dark current of the PMT is periodically measured to compensate any PMT dark current drift and offset. Typical value is less than 200 mV.

Dark Lamp

This is the dark current of the UV reference detector which is used to compensate any dark current drift and offset. This measurement is synchronized to the Dark PMT measurement period. Typical value is less than 200 mV.

Slope

The coefficient of straight line equation (y = mx + b) determines the calibration of the M100AH. The slope parameter (m) can be thought of as a gain term which determines the steepness of the calibration curve. Typical value is 1 ± 0.3.

Offset

The offset parameter (b) compensates for differences in the background signal of the optical system. Typical value is less than 100 mV.

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High Voltage Power Supply (HVPS)

The HVPS reading is a measure of the scaled-up HVPS programming voltage. The voltage used to set the HVPS output is generated on the Preamp board. Its value is between 0 and 1 volt, corresponding to a voltage of 0 to 1000 volts out of the HVPS. The HVPS front panel TEST measurement will be typically around 450-650 V.

DC Power Supply (DCPS)

The DCPS voltage is a composite of the 5 and ± 15 VDC voltages in the Power Supply Module. This is meant to be a quick indicator to show if the PSM is working correctly. The nominal value is 2500 mV ± 200 mV.

Reaction Cell Temperature

This is a measurement of the temperature of the reaction cell. It is controlled by the computer to 50 ± 1°C. Temperatures outside this range will cause the M100AH output to drift.

Box Temperature

This TEST function measures the temperature inside the chassis of the M100AH. The temperature sensor is located on the Status/Temp Board. Typically it runs 2 to 10°C higher than the ambient temperature. The M100AH has been engineered to operate over 5 to 40°C ambient temperature range.

PMT Temperature

The temperature of the PMT is closely controlled by a dedicated proportional temperature controller. The nominal set-point is 7 ± 1°C. Readings outside this range will cause instrument drift due to gain changes in the PMT detector.

Time

This is an output of the M100AH's internal time of day clock.

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5.2.2 CAL, CALS, CALZ, Calibration Functions

The calibration and zero/span checking of the M100AH analyzer is treated in detail in Section 8. Table 8-1 summarizes types of calibration.

5.2.2.1 CAL, CALS, CALZ

The CAL, CALS, and CALZ keys control the calibration functions of the analyzer. In the CAL mode the analyzer can be calibrated with zero/span gas coming in through the sample filter assembly on the rear panel. If the instrument will be used on more than one range such as AUTO RANGE or DUAL RANGE, it should be calibrated separately on each applicable range (see Section 5.3.4 and 8.1 for calibration procedure).

If the analyzer is equipped with the optional Zero/Span valves, there will also be CALZ and CALS buttons. The setup of this option is covered in Section 6.3, and operation is explained in Section 8.2.

5.2.2.2 Zero

Pressing the ZERO key along with ENTR will cause the instrument to adjust the OFFSET value of the internal formula so that the instrument reads zero. The M100AH allows zero adjustment over a limited range of signal levels mostly due to the background signal, therefore the signal does not have to be exactly zero for the instrument to do a zero cal. The instrument will not, however, allow a zero cal on any signal level, therefore it is not possible to zero the instrument with span gas in the reaction cell. If the ZERO key does not come on as expected, check Section 10.2.9.

5.2.2.3 Span

Pressing the SPAN key along with ENTR will cause the instrument to adjust the SLOPE value of the internal formula so the instrument displays the span value. The expected SO

span

concentration must be entered before doing a SPAN calibration. See Table 8-3.

Like the Zero calibration, the Span cal cannot be done with any concentration of span gas. If the signal level is outside certain limits, the SPAN key will not be illuminated. If you encounter this condition see Section 10.2.8. It is also possible at low levels of span concentration that both the ZERO and SPAN keys might be on, thus allowing you to either zero or span the instrument. In this case, care must be taken to perform the correct operation or the analyzer can become miscalibrated.

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5.2.2.4 SO2 Cal Concentration

Before the M100AH can be spanned, it is necessary to enter the expected span concentrations for SO2. This is done by using CAL-CONC. Concentration values from 10 to 4500 PPM are accepted. If a value of XXXX is displayed, that indicates an offscale, or invalid reading. The XXXX value will often be displayed at power-up when there is no data yet available to be displayed. Certain instrument fault conditions will cause X's to be displayed. This is the same as the needle being offscale on a analog meter. See the Troubleshooting Section 10.2.8 if this occurs.

5.2.2.5 Formula Values

The slope and offset terms should be checked after each calibration. The values for these terms contain important information about the internal health of the analyzer.

To compute the SO

concentration, the formula for a straight line is used.

y = mx + b

Where:

y = the SO

concentration

m = the slope

x = the conditioned PMT tube output

b = the offset

In comparison with analog analyzers the slope term is equivalent to the "span pot" and the b term is equivalent to the "zero pot". Again, like an analog analyzer, there is only a limited range of adjustment allowed for either term, and there are consequences of having the values near the high or low limits of their respective ranges.

The x term is the conditioned PMT signal. PMT signal is adjusted for the lamp ratio background, range, temperature, and pressure.

The offset (b) term is the total background light with the zero term subtracted out. The zero term measures detector dark current and amplifier noise. The b term is composed mostly of the optical system background.

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5.3 Set-Up Mode

5.3.1 Configuration Information (CFG)

This menu item will tell if the installed software has factory special features or other nonstandard features. If you call Teledyne API service, you may be asked for information from this menu.

5.3.2 Automatic Calibration (AutoCal)

The AutoCal feature allows the M100AH to automatically operate the Zero/Span Valve option ON on a timed basis to check or adjust its calibration. This menu item is shown only if the Zero/Span Valve option is installed. Detailed information on setting up AutoCal is found in the Section 6.3.

5.3.3 Data Acquisition System (DAS)

The Model 100AH contains a flexible and powerful built in data acquisition system (DAS) that enables the analyzer to store concentration data as well as many diagnostic parameters in its battery backed memory. This information can be viewed from the front panel or printed out through the RS-232 port. The diagnostic data can be used for performing “Predictive Diagnostics” and trending to determine when maintenance and servicing will be required.

The logged parameters are stored in what are called “Data Channels.” Each Data Channel can store multiple data parameters. The Data Channels can be programmed and customized from the front panel. A set of default Data Channels has been included in the Model 100AH software. These are described Section 5.3.3.1. For more information on programming custom Data Channels, a supplementary document containing this information can be requested from Teledyne API.

5.3.3.1 Data Channels

The function of the Data Channels is to store, report, and view data from the analyzer. The data may consist of SO output.

The M100AH comes pre-programmed with a set of useful Data Channels for logging SO concentration and predictive diagnostic data. The default Data Channels can be used as they are, or they can be changed by the user to fit a specific application. They can also be deleted to make room for custom user-programmed Data Channels.

concentration, or may be diagnostic data, such as the sample flow or PMT

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The data in the default Data Channels can be viewed through the SETUP-DAS-VIEW menu. Use the PREV and NEXT buttons to scroll through the Data Channels and press VIEW to view the data. The last record in the Data Channel is shown. Pressing PREV and NEXT will scroll through the records one at a time. Pressing NX10 and PV10 will move forward or backward 10 records. For Data Channels that log more than one parameter, such as PNUMTC, buttons labeled <PRM and PRM> will appear. These buttons are used to scroll through the parameters located in each record.

The function of each of the default Data Channels is described below:

CONC:

PNUMTC:

CALDAT:

Samples SO

concentration at one minute intervals and stores an average every

hour with a time and date stamp. Readings during calibration and calibration hold off are not included in the data. The last 800 hourly averages are stored.

Collects sample flow and sample pressure data at five minute intervals and stores an average once a day with a time and date stamp. This data is useful for monitoring the condition of the pump and critical flow orifice (sample flow) and the sample filter (clogging indicated by a drop in sample pressure) over time to predict when maintenance will be required. The last 360 daily averages (about 1 year) are stored.

Logs new slope and offset every time a zero or span calibration is performed. This Data Channel also records the instrument reading just prior to performing a calibration.

NOTE: This Data Channel collects data based on an event (a calibration) rather than a timer. This Data Channel will store data from the last 200 calibrations. This does not represent any specific length of time since it is dependent on how often calibrations are performed. As with all Data Channels, a time and date stamp is recorded for every data point logged.

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5.3.3.2 RS-232 Reporting

Automatic RS-232 reporting can be independently enabled and disabled for each Data Channel. For all default data channels, RS-232 reporting is initially set to “OFF.” If this property is turned on, the Data Channel will issue a report with a time and date stamp to the RS-232 port every time a data point is logged. The report format is shown below:

D 31:10:06 0412 CONC : AVG CONC1=6.8 PPM

The report consists of the letter “D” follow by a time/date stamp (“31:10:06”) followed by the instrument ID number (“0412”). Next is the Data Channel name (“CONC”) and the sampling mode (“AVG” indicates that the data point is an average of more than one sample as opposed to a instantaneous reading, “INST”). Finally, the name of the parameter and its value (“CONC1=6.8 PPM”) are printed. For Data Channels that sample more than one parameter, such as PNUMTC and CALDAT, each parameter is printed on a separate line.

To enable RS-232 reporting for a specific Data Channel:

Step Action Comment

Press SETUP-DAS- EDIT-ENTR

Press PREV/NEXT

Press EDIT

Press SET> (5 times)

Press EDIT

Toggle OFF to ON

Press ENTR

Press EXIT (4 times)

Enter DAS menu to edit Data Channels

Select Data Channel to edit

Edit selected Data Channel

Scroll through setup properties until RS-232 REPORT: OFF is displayed

Edit selected setup property

Change RS-232 REPORT property

Accepts change

Exits back to sample menu

See Section 7.7 for more information on DAS reporting through the RS-232 interface.

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5.3.4 Range Menu

The instrument operates on any full scale range from 10 to 5000 PPM. The range is the concentration value that equals the maximum current (or voltage) output on the rear panel of the instrument.

If the range you select is between 10 and 500 PPM the front panel display will read the concentration anywhere from 0 to 500 PPM regardless of the range selected, however the analog output is scaled for the range selected. If the range selected is from 501 to 5000 PPM the front panel display will read from 0 to 5,000 PPM. The M100AH has 2 internal hardware gain settings, namely 0-500 PPM (gain of 10) and 0-5000 PPM (gain of 1). If the physical gain changes, then the test measurement readings such as PMT and OFFSET will be adjusted accordingly.

NOTE

If the instrument will be used on more than one range such as AUTO

RANGE or DUAL RANGE, it should be calibrated separately on each

applicable range (see Section 8.6 for calibration procedure).

Each 4-20 mA current output channel should be connected to one interfacing device only.

There are 3 range choices: only one of the following range choices can be active at any one time.

1. Single Range; two analog outputs are fixed to a single range.

2. Auto Range; both analog outputs are automatically set for low or high range.

3. Dual Ranges; each of an analog output ranges can be set differently.

5.3.4.1 Single Range

This range option selects a single range for both output channels (REC, DAS) of the M100AH. To select Single Range press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-SING, then press ENTR. To set the value for the range press SETUP-RNGE-SET, and enter the full scale range desired from 10 PPM to 5000 PPM, then press ENTR.

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5.3.4.2 Auto Range

Auto Range allows output range to automatically range between a low value (RANGE1) and a higher value (RANGE2). When the instrument output increases to 98% of the low range value, it will Auto Range into Hi range. In Hi range, when the output decreases to 75% of low range, it will change to the lower range. There is only one low range and one high range for all outputs. The Hi range mode is signaled by a bit on the STATUS option, see Table 4-3. If you select a Hi range that is less than Low range, the M100AH will remain locked in Low range and behave as a Single Range instrument.

To set up Auto Range press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-AUTO, then press ENTR. To set the values press SETUP-RNGE-SET. The M100AH will prompt you for Low Range, then Hi Range which is the lower and upper ranges of Auto Range. Key in the values desired, then press ENTR.

Once desired range is selected, then M100AH should be calibrated for each range entered. (Refer Section 8.6 for Calibration Procedure.)

5.3.4.3 Dual Ranges

Dual Ranges allows you to select different ranges for REC and DAS analog output channels. To set up Dual Ranges press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-DUAL, then press ENTR. To set the values press SETUP-RNGE-SET. The M100AH will prompt you for the range of RANGE1 (REC) and RANGE2 (DAS) outputs (refer to Figure 2-2 for corresponding analog output terminals). Key in the desired range for each output channel, then press ENTR after each value.

If Dual Range is selected and their desired ranges are entered accordingly, the M100AH should be calibrated for each of the range selected. See Section 8.6 for Calibration Procedure.

If user has selected either Auto Range or Dual Range, then pressing CAL button will cause to display LOW RANGE (RANGE 1) and HI RANGE (RANGE 2). Select desired range number and press ENTR to continue calibration procedure of selected range. Under each range calibration procedure, the M100AH will display separate test measurement functions accordingly to show the Slope, Offset, Range, etc. However once exit this calibration menu and return to the main menu (see Figure 2-4), then the test measurement parameters for LOW RANGE (RANGE1) are used throughout the M100AH.

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5.3.4.4 Concentration Units

The M100AH can display concentrations in PPM, mg/m3. Coefficients for mg/m3 were based on 0°C (25°C for U.S.EPA), 760 mmHg. Different pressure and temperature can be used by adjusting values entered for calibration gas to read the correct concentration at the conditions being used. This adjustment is not needed if units are within the same type.

To change the current units press SETUP-RNGE-UNIT from the SAMPLE mode and select the desired units.

CAUTION

If the current units are in PPM and the span value is 400 PPM, and

the units are change to mg/m3 the span value is NOT re-calculated to

the equivalent value in mg/m3. Therefore the span value now becomes

400 mg/m3 instead of 400 PPM. Use the following equation to convert

the unit with proper temperature and pressure adjustments. Then

recalibrate the analyzer.

mmHg

SO in ppm

286

×× × =

273

760

SO in

NOTE

You should now re-enter the expected span concentration value in

different units which should be adjusted for proper pressure and

temperature (25°C for U.S. EPA) in the new units and re-calibrate

the instrument using one of the methods in Section 8.

Changing units affects all of the RS-232 values, all of the display

values, and all of the calibration values and therefore you must

re-calibrate the Analyzer.

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5.3.5 Password Enable

There are two levels of password protection. The most restrictive level requires a password to do instrument calibration. The second level requires a password to do SETUP functions.

If both password levels are turned off, no passwords are required, except in the VARS menu where a password is always required. To enable password press SETUP-PASS-ON. A list of passwords is in Table 5-5.

Table 5-5: Calibrate, Setup Passwords

Password Usage Password

Calibration Password Use to get into CAL menus 512

Setup Password Use to get into SETUP menus 818

5.3.6 Time of Day Clock

The instrument has an internal time of day clock. The time of day can be set by pressing SETUPCLOCK-TIME and entering the time in 24hr format. In a similar manner the date can be entered by pressing SETUP-CLOCK-DATE and entering the date in a DD-MM-YY format. If you are having trouble with the clock running slow or fast, the speed of the clock can be adjusted by selecting the CLOCK_ADJ variable in the SETUP-MORE-VARS menu (See Section 10.1.4).

5.3.7 Diagnostic Mode

The M100AH Diagnostic Mode allows additional tests and calibrations of the instrument. These features are separate from the TEST functions because each DIAG function has the ability to alter or disable the output of the instrument. While in DIAG mode no data is placed in the DAS averages. Details on the use of Diagnostic mode are in Section 10.1.3.

5.3.8 Communications Menu

The COMM menu allows the RS-232 BAUD rate to be set. To set the BAUD rate press SETUPMORE-COMM-BAUD, select the appropriate BAUD rate, then press ENTR.

The instrument ID number can also be set. This ID number is attached to every RS-232 message sent by the M100AH. To set the ID press SETUP-MORE-COMM-ID and enter a 4 digit number from 0000-9999, then press ENTR.

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5.3.9 Variables Menu (VARS)

This menu enables you to change the settings on certain internal variables. The VARS Table 10-5 is located in the Troubleshooting Section 10.1.4.

CAUTION

Before changing the settings on any variables, make sure you

understand the consequences of the change. The variables should only

be changed by skilled maintenance people since they can potentially

interfere with the performance of the Analyzer.

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INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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6 OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Optional equipment offered with the M100AH includes:

1. Rack mount with slides (P/N 00280)

2. Rack mount without slides, ears only (P/N 01470)

3. Zero/Span valves assembly (P/N 0178603)

4. 4-20mA, isolated outputs (P/N 01471)

6.1 Rack Mount Options

The Rack Mount option including slides and ears, permits the Analyzer to be mounted in a standard 19" wide x 24" deep RETMA rack. The Rack Mount option can also be ordered without slides for applications requiring the instrument to be rigidly mounted in a RETMA rack.

6.2 Zero/Span Valves

The Zero/Span Valve option consists of a manifold with four valves. See Figure 2-5 for valve location. Connections are provided on the rear panel for two (low and high) span gas and zero gas inputs to the valves (See Figure 2-2). These valves can be actuated by several methods shown in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1: Zero/Span Valve Operation

Mode Description Reference Section

1. Front panel operation via CALS and CALZ buttons.

2. Automatic operation using AUTOCAL

3. Remote operation using the RS-232 interface

4. Remote operation using external contact closures

Calibration Section 8 - Manual Zero/Span Check.

Setup and use of AUTOCAL is described in Table 6-2, and Section 8.3.

Setup described in Table 7-1. Operation of AUTOCAL described in Section 6.3 and Section 7.5.

Section 8.5 - Automatic operation using external contact closures. Table 8-7.

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Zero/Span valves have 4 operational states:

1. Sample mode. All four valves are not energized and sample gas passes through the sample valve and into the analyzer for analysis. For any other mode, sample valve is energized to shut off sample port. Refer to Figure 9-3 Pneumatic Diagram.

2. Zero mode. The zero valve is energized allowing zero gas to be admitted into the analyzer through the rear panel bulkhead fitting.

3. Low Span mode. The low span valve is energized and low span gas is admitted into the analyzer through a rear panel bulkhead fitting.

4. High Span mode. The high span valve is energized and high span gas is admitted into the analyzer through a rear panel bulkhead fitting.

Zero air and span gas inlets should supply their respective gases in excess of the 700 cc/min (i.e. 1000 cc/min) demand of the analyzer at ambient pressure. Ideally the calibration gas pressure should be the same one as the sample gas pressure and should not differ more than 2 in-Hg. Supply and vent lines should be of sufficient length and diameter to prevent back diffusion and pressure effects. See Figure 2-3 for fitting location and tubing recommendations.

Adequate inexpensive zero air can be supplied from the room air by connecting a charcoal scrubber and 5 micron particulate filter (Teledyne API P/N 000369) to the zero air inlet tubing. The zero air scrubber used in conjunction with the Zero/Span Valve option provides an inexpensive source of zero air.

6.3 Autocal - Setup Zero/Span Valves

The Zero/Span valves system can be set up to operate automatically on a timed basis. The Teledyne API model 100AH with Zero/Span valves option offers capability to check any combination of zero and up to two span points either automatically on a timed basis, through remote RS-232 operation (see Section 7.5), or external contact closure (see Section 8.5).

There are three auto-calibration sequences called SEQ1, SEQ2, and SEQ3. Each SEQ can be programmed to perform a specific calibration sequence. Under each SEQ, there are five parameters that affect zero/span checking: the mode enable/selection, the starting date and time of the calibration, the number of delay days and time, duration of calibration, and calibration adjust enable/disable.

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1. Calibration Sequence Mode

Each sequence can generate any one of 7 different combinations of ZERO, LO, or HI span point. Press SETUP-ACAL, and scroll up or down to select the desired sequence number (SEQx). Press MODE and scroll up or down by pressing PREV or NEXT. Select one of the combination shown below and press ENTR.

Combinations:

1) DISABLED; will disable corresponding SEQx setup.

2) ZERO

3) ZERO-LO

4) ZERO-HI

5) ZERO-LO-HI

6) LO

7) HI

8) LO-HI

2. Setup Calibration Timer:

Press SETUP-ACAL-SET to setup or edit the automatic calibration timer.

Following table summarizes the setup procedures:

Table 6-2: Setup Automatic Zero/Span Calibration

Default Description

Timer Enable ON Enable or disable automatic calibration timer.

Starting Date 01-JAN-95 MM:DD:YY

Starting Time 00:00 HH:MM, 0 - 23 hours and 0 - 59 minutes

Delta Days 1 Delay days between each calibration

(0 - 365 days)

Delta Time 00:00 HH:MM, 0 - 23 hours and 0 - 59 minutes

Duration 15.0 minutes 1 - 60.0 minutes

Calibrate OFF on/off. If ON is selected, it will adjust the

calibration.

The Timer Enable can be set to “OFF” to disable the automatic calibration timer while the remote RS-232 calibration of specific sequence can be initiated.

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NOTE

Avoid setting two or more sequences at the same time of the day. Any new

sequence which is initiated whether from a timer, the RS-232, or the contact

closure inputs will override any sequence that is in progress.

The programmed start time must be a minimum of 5 minutes

later than the real time clock.

Examples of possible sequences are as following under any one of three available SEQx.

Example 1: To perform zero-span calibration check once per day at 10:30 PM, 5/20/97.

1) MODE: ZERO-HI

2) TIMER ENABLE: ON

3) STARTING DATE: 5/20/97

4) STARTING TIME: 22:30

5) DELTA DAYS: 1

6) DELTA TIME: 00:00

7) DURATION: 15.0 MINUTES

8) CALIBRATE: OFF

Example 2: To perform zero calibration adjust once per day retarding 15 minutes everyday starting at 11:30 pm, 5/20/97.

1) MODE: ZERO

2) TIMER ENABLE: ON

3) STARTING DATE: 5/20/97

4) STARTING TIME: 23:30

5) DELTA DAYS: 0

6) DELTA TIME: 23:45

7) DURATION: 15.0 MINUTES

8) CALIBRATE: ON

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Example 3: To perform zero-span calibration check once per day at 10:30 PM and zero calibration adjust once per week starting at 11:30 PM, 5/20/97.

1. Select any one of SEQx and setup as example 1 above.

2. Select any other SEQx and program as follows. Always avoid setting two or more sequences at the same time of the day.

1) MODE: ZERO

2) TIMER ENABLE: ON

3) STARTING DATE: 5/20/97

4) STARTING TIME: 23:30

5) DELTA DAYS: 7

6) DELTA TIME: 00:00

7) DURATION: 15.0 MINUTES

8) CALIBRATE: ON

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6.4 4-20 mA, Isolated Current Loop Output

The standard non-isolated 4-20 mA current output provides current output capability by sharing the common electrical ground. The optional current output offers to isolate the electrical ground from the external ground of the interfacing device. The setup and operation is identical to the non-isolated current output. See Troubleshooting Section 10 for electrical calibration procedure and refer to drawings 01087 and 01248 for the jumper settings. Depending on the jumper setting, it can be used for the current output or the voltage output.

NOTE

Each 4-20 mA current output should be connected to one

interfacing device only.

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7 RS-232 INTERFACE

The RS-232 communications protocol allows the instrument to be connected to a wide variety of computer based equipment. The interface provides two basic functions in the M100AH.

1. First is a comprehensive command interface for operating and diagnosing the analyzer. This interface has in fact more capabilities than the front panel keyboard.

2. The interface can provide an audit trail of analyzer events. In this function the port sends out messages about instrument events like calibration or warning messages. If these messages are captured on a printer or remote computer, they provide a continuous audit trail of the analyzers operation and status.

7.1 Setting Up the RS-232 Interface

The baud rate is set from the front panel by SETUP-MORE-COMM-BAUD. Select the baud rate appropriate for your application, 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19.2K. It is important to note

that the interfacing device must have identical settings in order for the communications to work correctly.

Second is physical wiring of the analyzer to the other unit. We have incorporated into the analyzer LED's that signal the presence of data on the communications lines, and also jumper blocks to easily re-configure the analyzer from DCE to DTE if necessary (see drawing #01917). In addition the front panel diagnostics allow test data streams to be sent out of the port on command. This flexibility and diagnostic capability should simplify attaching our equipment to other computers or printers. If problems occur, see the Section 4.3.1.2.

7.1.1 Setup from the Front Panel

There are 2 additional RS-232 setups that can be done via the front panel.

1. Set the Instrument ID number by SETUP-MORE-COMM-ID, and enter a 4 digit number from 0000-9999. This ID number is part of every message transmitted from the port.

2. Set the RS-232 mode bit field in the VARS menu. To get to the variable press, SETUPMORE-VARS-ENTR and scroll to RS232_MODE, then press EDIT. The possible values are:

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Table 7-1: RS-232 Port Setup - Front Panel

Decimal Value Description

1 Turns on quiet mode (messages suppressed)

2 Places analyzer in computer mode (no echo of chars)

4 Enables Security Features (Logon, Logoff)

8 Enables RS-232 menus display on M100AH front panel display

16 Enables alternate protocol (i.e. Hessen) and setup menu

32 Enables multi-drop support for RTS

NOTE

To enter the correct value, ADD the decimal values of the features you want

to enable. For example if LOGON and front panel RS-232 menus were

desires the value entered would be 4 + 8 = 12.

7.1.2 Security Feature

The RS-232 port is often connected to a public telephone line which could compromise instrument security. If the LOGON feature is implemented the port has the following attributes:

1. A password is required before the port will operate.

2. If the port is inactive for 1 hour, it will automatically LOGOUT.

3. If not logged on, the only command that is active is the '?'. If this command is issued the M100AH will respond with MUST LOG ON.

4. The following messages will be given at logon.

A. LOG ON SUCCESSFUL - Correct password given

B. LOG ON FAILED - Password not given or incorrect

C. LOG OFF SUCCESSFUL - Logged off

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The RS-232 LOGON feature must be enabled from the front panel by setting bit 4. See Table 7-1. Once the feature is enabled, to logon type:

LOGON 940331

940331 is the default password. The password can be changed to any number from 0 to 999999 by the variable RS232_PASS. To change the password enter the command

V RS232_PASS=xxxxxx

which sets the password to the value xxxxxx.

7.1.3 Protocol of Port Communication

The RS-232 interface has two protocols of communication, because if the port is attached to a computer it needs to have different characteristics than if used interactively. Consequently, there are two primary styles of operation: terminal mode and computer mode.

When an operator is communicating with the analyzer via a terminal, the analyzer should be placed into TERMINAL MODE, which echoes keystrokes, allows editing of the command line using the backspace and escape keys, and allows recall of the previous command. When a host computer or data logger is connected to the analyzer, it should be placed into COMPUTER MODE, which does not echo characters received or allow the special editing keys.

Table 7-2: RS-232 Switching From Terminal Mode to Computer Mode

Key Function

Control-T (ASCII 20 decimal) Switch to terminal mode (echo, edit)

Control-C (ASCII 3 decimal) Switch to computer mode (no echo, no edit)

If the command line doesn't seem to respond to keystrokes or commands, one of the first things you should do is send a Control-T to switch the command line interface into terminal mode. Also, some communication programs remove CTRL-T and CTRL-C characters from the byte stream, therefore these characters will not be sent to the analyzer. Check your communications program owners manual.

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7.1.4 Entering Commands in Terminal Mode

In terminal mode, all commands must be terminated by a carriage return; commands are not processed until a carriage return is entered. While entering a command you may use the following editing keys:

Table 7-3: RS-232 Terminal Mode Editing Keys

Key Function

CR (carriage return) Execute command

BS (backspace) Backspace one character to the left

ESC (escape) Erase entire line

Control-R (ASCII 18 decimal) Recall previous command

Control-E (ASCII 5 decimal) Recall and execute previous command

Commands are not case-sensitive; you should separate all command elements (i.e. keywords, data values, etc.) by spaces.

Words such as T, SET, LIST, etc. are called keywords and are shown on the help screen in uppercase, but they are not case-sensitive. You must type the entire keyword; abbreviations are not accepted.

OBTAINING HELP

Typing “?” followed by Return or Enter will cause a

help screen to be displayed.

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7.2 Command Summary

The information contained in the rest of this section covers all of the normal commands that are required to operate the instrument from a remote terminal. If you are going to be writing computer programs to communicate with the M100AH (i.e., operating the port in COMPUTER MODE) we suggest that you order a supplementary manual "The RS-232 Interface", Teledyne API part number 01350. This manual shows additional features of the port designed to support a computer driven interface program.

There are 6 different types of messages output by the M100AH. They are grouped below by type in Table 7-4, Table 7-5, and Table 7-6. The meanings of the various messages are discussed elsewhere in the manual. The TEST, DIAGNOSTIC and WARNING messages are discussed in Section 10.1, 10.2. DAS and VARIABLES are discussed in Section 5.3.3 and 5.3.9. CALIBRATE is discussed in Section 8.

Table 7-4: RS-232 Interface Command Types

First Character Message Type

C Calibration status

D Diagnostic

R DAS report

T Test measurement

V Variable

W Warning

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Table 7-5: RS-232 Command Summary

Commands Definition

? Print help screen

T SET ALL Enable display of all test variables during T LIST

T SET name Display only NAME during T LIST

T LIST [ALL] Print all test variables enabled with T SET or ALL

warnings

T name Print single test, "name" from Table 7-7

T CLEAR ALL Disable T LIST, use with T SET name

W SET ALL Enable display of all warnings during W LIST

W LIST [ALL] Print warnings enabled with W SET or ALL warnings

W name Print individual "name" warning from Table 7-8

W CLEAR ALL Disable W LIST, use with W SET

C command Execute calibration "command" from Table 7-10

D LIST Prints all I/O signal values

D name Prints single I/O signal value/state

D name=value Sets variable to new "value"

D LIST NAMES Lists diagnostic test names

D ENTER name Enters and starts 'name' diagnostic test

D EXIT Exits diagnostic mode

D RESET Resets analyzer (same as power-on)

D RESET RAM System reset, plus erases RAM. Initializes DAS, SO2

concentration readings, calibration not affected.

D RESET EEPROM System reset, plus erases EEPROM (RAM_RESET

actions + setup variables, calibration to default values)

V LIST Print all easy variable names from Table 10-5

V name Print individual "name" variable

V name=value Sets variable to new "value"

V CONFIG Print analyzer configuration

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Table 7-6: RS-232 Command Summary

Terminal Mode Editing Keys Definition

V MODE Print current analyzer mode

BS Backspace

EXC Erase line

^R Recall last command

^E Execute last command

CR Execute command

^C Switch to computer mode

Computer Mode Editing Keys Definition

LF Execute command

^T Switch to terminal mode

Security Features Definition

LOGON password Establish connection to analyzer

LOGOFF Disconnect from analyzer

General Output Message Format

Reporting of status messages for use as an audit trail is one of the two principal uses for the RS232 interface. You can effectively disable the asynchronous reporting feature by setting the interface to quiet mode. All messages output from the analyzer (including those output in response to a command line request) have the format:

X DDD:HH:MM IIII MESSAGE

X is a character indicating the message type, as shown in the following table.

DDD:HH:MM is a time-stamp indicating the day-of-year (DDD) as a number from 1 to 366, the hour of the day (HH) as a number from 00 to 23, and the minute (MM) as a number from 00 to

59.

IIII is the 4-digit machine ID number.

MESSAGE contains warning messages, test measurements, DAS reports, variable values, etc.

The uniform nature of the output messages makes it easy for a host computer to parse them.

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7.3 TEST Commands and Messages

Table 7-7: RS-232 Test Messages

Name Message Description

RANGE1 RANGE=xxxxx PPM2 Analyzer range

STABILITY STABIL=xxxx.x PPM Std. Deviation of last 25 SO2

concentration values

VACUUM PRES=xxx.x IN-HG-A Reaction cell pressure

SAMPPRESS PRES=xxx.x IN-HG-A Sample pressure

SAMPFLOW SAMPLE FL=xxx

Sample flow rate

CC/M

PMTDET PMT=xxxxxx MV PMT output

UVDET UV LAMP=xxxx MV Instantaneous UV lamp reading

LAMPRATIO LAMP RATIO=xx.x% Ratio of UV lamp reading to calibrated

UV lamp reading

STRAYLIGHT STR LGT=xxx.x PPM Stray light level

DARKPMT DRK PMT=xx.x MV PMT dark current in MV

DARKLAMP DRK LMP=xx.x MV UV detector dark current in MV

SLOPE SLOPE=x.xxx Calibration slope parameter

OFFSET OFFSET=xxx.x MV Calibration offset parameter

HVPS HVPS=xxxxx V High voltage power supply

DCPS DCPS=xxxxxx MV DC power supply

RCELLTEMP RCELL TEMP=xxx C Reaction cell temperature

BOXTEMP BOX TEMP=xxx C Internal box temperature

PMTTEMP PMT TEMP=xxx C PMT temperature

SO2 SO2=xxxx.x SO2 concentration

TESTCHAN3 TEST=xxxx.x MV Test channel output

CLOCKTIME TIME=HH:MM:SS Time of day

Displayed when single or autorange is enabled.

Depends on which units are currently selected.

Only if test channel is selected.

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The T command lists TEST messages. Examples of the T command are:

T LIST Lists test messages currently enabled with T SET

T LIST ALL Lists all test messages

T RCELLTEMP Prints the temperature of the reaction cell

T SO2CONC Prints SO

concentration message

T LAMPRATIO Prints Lamp Ratio

7.4 WARNING Commands and Messages

Table 7-8: RS-232 Warning Messages

Name Message Description

WSYSRES SYSTEM RESET Analyzer was reset/powered on

WRAMINIT RAM INITIALIZED RAM was erased

WSAMPFLOW SAMPLE FLOW WARNING Sample flow out of spec.

WSAMPPRESS SAMPLE PRESSURE

WARNING

WVACPRESS VACUUM PRESSURE

WARNING

WPMT PMT DET WARNING PMT output above 4995 mV.

Sample pressure below 15” Hg or above 35” Hg

Vacuum pressure below 1 in-Hg or above 10 in-Hg.

WUVLAMP UV LAMP WARNING UV lamp output is below 600 mV or

above 4995 mV

WDARKCAL DARK CAL WARNING Dark PMT OR Dark UV lamp is

above 400 mV

WPMTTEMP PMT TEMP WARNING PMT temperature too high/low

WRCELLTEMP RCELL TEMP WARNING Reaction cell temp. out of spec.

WBOXTEMP BOX TEMP WARNING Box temperature too high/low

WDYNZERO CANNOT DYN ZERO Dynamic zero cal. out of spec.

WDYNSPAN CANNOT DYN SPAN Dynamic span cal. out of spec.

WHVPS HVPS WARNING HVPS too high/low

WVFDET V/F NOT INSTALLED A/D board not installed or broken

WDCPS DCPS WARNING DC power supply output below

2300 mV or above 2700 mV

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Whenever a warning message is reported on the analyzer display, if the RS-232 interface is in the normal mode (i.e. not in quiet mode) the warning message is also sent to the RS-232 interface. These messages are helpful when trying to track down a problem with the analyzer and for determining whether or not the DAS reports are actually valid. The warning message format is for example:

W 194:11:03 0000 SAMPLE FLOW WARNING

The format of a warning command is W command. Examples of warning commands are:

W LIST List all current warnings

W CLEAR ALL Clear all current Warnings

Individual warnings may be cleared via the front panel or the command line interface. To clear the sample flow warning shown above the command would be:

W WSAMPFLOW

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7.5 CALIBRATION Commands and Messages

Table 7-9: RS-232 Calibration Messages

Message Description

START ZERO CALIBRATION Beginning IZS zero calibration

FINISH ZERO CALIBRATION, SO21=xxxxx PPM Finished IZS zero calibration

START SPAN CALIBRATION Beginning IZS span calibration

FINISH SPAN CALIBRATION, SO21=xxxxx PPM Finished IZS span calibration

START MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION Beginning multi-point calibration

FINISH MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION Finished multi-point calibration

Depends on which units are currently selected.

Whenever the analyzer starts or finishes an Zero/Span calibration, it issues a status report to the RS-232 interface. If the RS-232 interface is in the normal mode, these reports will be sent. Otherwise, they will be discarded. The format of these messages is:

C DDD:HH:MM IIII CALIBRATION STATUS MESSAGE

An example of an actual sequence of calibration status messages is:

C DDD:HH:MM IIII START MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

C DDD:HH:MM IIII FINISH MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

There are several methods of both checking the calibration and calibrating the M100AH that are discussed in Section 8. The C command executes a calibration command, which may be one of the following:

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Table 7-10: RS-232 Calibration Commands

Command Description

C ZERO Start remote zero calibration

C SPAN Start remote span calibration

C LOWSPAN Start remote low span calibration

C COMPUTE ZERO Adjust remote zero calibration

C COMPUTE SPAN Adjust remote span calibration

C EXIT Terminate remote zero or span calibration

C ABORT Abort calibration sequence

C ASEQ X Initiate automatic sequence X if previously setup

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7.6 DIAGNOSTIC Commands and Messages

When Diagnostic mode is entered from the RS-232 port, the diagnostic mode issues additional status messages to indicate which diagnostic test is currently selected. Examples of Diagnostic mode messages are:

D DDD:HH:MM IIII ZERO VALVE=ON

D DDD:HH:MM IIII ENTER DIAGNOSTIC MODE

D DDD:HH:MM IIII EXIT DIAGNOSTIC MODE

The following is a summary of the Diagnostic commands.

Table 7-11: RS-232 Diagnostic Command Summary

Command Description

D LIST Prints all I/O signal values. See Table 10-4 for Signal I/O

definitions.

D name=value Examines or sets I/O signal. For a list of signal names see

Table 10-4 in Section 10. Must issue D ENTER SIG command before using this command.

D LIST NAMES Prints names of all diagnostic tests.

D ENTER SIG

D ENTER OT

D ENTER ET

D ENTER TASK

D EXIT Must use this command to exit SIG, ET or OT Diagnostic modes.

D RESET Resets analyzer software (same as power on).

D RESET RAM Resets analyzer software and erases RAM. Erases SO2

D RESET EEPROM Resets analyzer software and erases RAM and EEPROM. Returns

Executes SIGNAL I/O diagnostic test.

Executes Optic Test diagnostic test.

Executes Elect Test diagnostic test.

Displays a listing of the tasks and their status.

Use D EXIT to leave these diagnostic modes.

concentration values. Keeps setup variables and calibration. (same as installing new software version)

all setup variables to factory defaults, resets calibration value.

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7.7 DAS Commands and Reports

RS-232 Commands

In addition to accessing the data acquisition system and the stored data from the instrument front panel, you can also access the data acquisition and the stored data from the RS-232 interface.

There are two RS-232 commands, listed in the table below.

Table 7-12: RS-232 DAS Commands

RS-232 DAS Commands

Command Description

D [id] PRINT [“name”] Prints specified data channel’s

properties

D [id] REPORT “name” [RECORDS=number] [COMPACT|VERBOSE]

Prints the data for the specified data channel

In all of the commands, brackets ([ ]) denote optional parameters. The ID parameter is the instrument ID, useful when the multi-drop protocol is being used. The NAME parameter is the data channel’s name. It must be enclosed in quotes (i.e. D PRINT “CONC”).

The RECORDS parameter of the REPORT command indicates how many records from the most recent record and prior to print. If the RECORDS parameter is not specified, all of the records are printed. The COMPACT and VERBOSE parameters of the REPORT command specify the report format.

RS-232 Reports

There are two basic kinds of RS-232 reports: data channel summary report, and data reports.

Data Channel Summary Format

When you press the PRNT button in the data channel edit menu, a report like the following is printed on the RS-232 channel:

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SETUP PROPERTIES FOR CONC:

NAME: CONC

EVENT: ATIMER

STARTING DATE: 25-JUL-96

SAMPLE PERIOD: 000:00:01

REPORT PERIOD: 000:00:05

NUMBER OF RECORDS: 800

RS-232 REPORT: ON

COMPACT REPORT: OFF

CHANNEL ENABLED: ON

CAL. HOLD OFF: ON

PARAMETERS: 1

PARAMETER=CONC1, MODE=AVG, PRECISION=1

In this example, the data channel’s NAME property is “CONC”; the EVENT property is ATIMER; the PARAMETERS property is 1 (indicating a single parameter); the NUMBER OF RECORDS property is 800, and the RS-232 REPORT property is ON. The list of parameters and their properties is also printed. Each data channel stores its data in a separate file in the RAM disk, and this property shows the file name.

Data Report Format

A data report format looks like the following:

D 31:10:06 0412 CONC : AVG CONC1=6.8 PPM

This report uses the traditional TELEDYNE API format of a leading first character (“D” in this example), a time stamp (“31:10:06”), and the instrument ID (“0412”). The other fields in the report are the data channel name (“CONC”), the sampling mode (“AVG”), the parameter (“CONC1”), the parameter value (“6.8”), and the units (“PPM”).

If the RS-232 interface is in the quiet mode, then these reports are not printed, although they can be requested by a user or host computer at a later time.

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7.8 VARIABLES Commands and Messages

Table 7-13: RS-232 Operating Modes

Mode Description

ZERO CAL A Automatic zero calibration

ZERO CAL R Remote zero calibration

ZERO CAL M Manual zero calibration

SPAN CAL A Automatic span calibration

SPAN CAL R Remote span calibration

SPAN CAL M Manual span calibration

M-P CAL Manual multi-point calibration

DIAG ELEC Electrical diagnostic test

DIAG OPTIC Optical diagnostic test

DIAG AOUT D/A output diagnostic test

DIAG Main diagnostic menu

DIAG I/O Signal I/O diagnostic

DIAG RS232 RS232 output diagnostic

DIAG ERASE Memory erase diagnostic

SETUP x.x Setup mode (x.x is software version)

SAMPLE A Sampling; automatic cal. Enabled

SAMPLE Sampling; automatic cal. Disabled

The M100AH operational modes are listed above. To list the analyzer's current mode type:

V MODE Lists M100AH current operational mode

Model 100AH Internal Variables

The M100AH has a number of internal setup variables. Essentially all of these are set at time of manufacture and should not need to be changed in the field. A list of user accessible variables is shown in Table 10-5.

A list of variables and their settings can be requested over the RS-232 port by:

V LIST Lists internal variables and values

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The output from this command is quite long and will not be shown here. The general format of the output is:

name = value warning_lo warning_hi <data_lo> <data_hi>

Where:

name = name of the variable

value = current value of variable

warning_lo = lower limit warning (displayed if applicable)

warning_hi = upper limit warning (displayed if applicable)

data_lo = lower limit of allowable values

data_hi = upper limit of allowable values

Variables can be changed. Before changing the settings on any variables, make sure you understand the consequences of the change. We recommend you call the factory before changing the settings on any variables. The general format for changing the settings on a variable is:

V LIST name[=value [warn_lo [warn_hi]]]

For example to change the warning limits on the box temperature type:

V BOX_SET 30 10 50

and the CPU should respond with:

V DDD:HH:MM IIII BOX_SET=30 10 50(0-60)

The CONFIG command lists the software configuration.

For example:

V CONFIG list software configuration

The format of this listing is shown in the example below.

CONFIG[ 0] = Revision B.1

CONFIG[ 1] = SO

Analyzer

CONFIG[ 2] = SBC40 CPU

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INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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8 CALIBRATION AND ZERO/SPAN CHECKS

There are several ways to check and adjust the calibration of the M100AH. These different methods are summarized in Table 8-1. In addition, most of the methods described in this section can be initiated and controlled via the RS-232 port. See Section 7 for details.

Table 8-1: Types of Zero/Span Checks and Calibrations

Section Type of Cal or Check Description

8.1 Manual Z/S Check - Cal gas through sample port

8.2 Manual Z/S Check or Calibration with Z/S valve Option

8.3 Automatic Z/S Check with Z/S Valves

8.4 Dynamic Z/S Calibration with Z/S Valves

8.5 Use of Z/S Valve with Remote Contact Closure

8.6 Special calibration requirements for Dual Range or Auto Range

8.7 Calibration Quality Information on how to determine if the

This calibration option expects the calibration gas to come in through the sample port. Zero/Span valves do not operate.

How to operate Zero/Span Valve Option. Can be used to check or adjust calibration.

Operates Z/S valves once per day to check the calibration.

Operates Z/S valves once per day and adjusts the calibration.

Operates Z/S valves with rear panel contact closures. Without valves can be used to switch instrument into zero or span cal mode. Used for either checking or adjusting zero/span.

Covers special requirements if using Dual Range or Auto Range.

calibration performed will result in optimum instrument performance.

8.8 Calibration gases Recommendation for selecting calibration gases.

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Figure 8-1: Model 100AH Calibration Setup

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8.1 Manual Zero/Span Check or Calibration Through the Sample Port

The zero and span calibration of the instrument can be checked or adjusted using gases supplied through the normal sample port. This method is often used when the calibration gas is supplied from an external calibrator system.

This mode provides a calibration mechanism if the instrument is purchased without the Zero/Span Valve option.

Since the zero gas concentration is defined as 0 PPM, it is not necessary to enter the expected zero value. Table 8-2 details the zero calibrate procedure with zero gas coming in through the sample port.

Table 8-2: Manual Zero Calibration Procedure - Zero Gas Through Sample Port

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL The M100AH enters the calibrate mode from sample mode. The zero gas must come in through the sample port. If AutoRange is enabled, then select LO or HI range and press ENTR.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at zero value

3. Press ZERO If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

5. Press EXIT M100AH returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration, data is not added to the DAS averages.

If the instrument will be used on more than one range such as AUTO RANGE or DUAL RANGE, it should be calibrated separately on each applicable range (see Section 8.6 for calibration procedure).

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Enter the expected SO2 span gas concentration:

Table 8-3: Enter Expected Span Gas Concentration Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press

CAL-CONC

This key sequence causes the M100AH to prompt for the expected SO

concentration. Enter the SO2 span

concentration value by pressing the key under each digit until the expected value is set. This menu can also be entered from CALS.

2. Press ENTR ENTR stores the expected SO2 span value.

4. Press EXIT Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

Table 8-4: Manual Span Calibration Procedure - Span Gas Through Sample Port

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL The M100AH enters the calibrate mode. External span gas should be fed to the sample port. If AutoRange is enabled, then select LO or HI range and press ENTR.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at span value.

3. Press SPAN If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calibration equations and causes the instrument to read the SO concentrations.

span

5. Press EXIT M100AH returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration, data is not added to the DAS averages.

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8.2 Manual Zero/Span Check or Calibration with Zero/Span Valves Option

The Zero/Span valve option can be operated from the front panel keyboard. In the Zero/Span valve option the zero and span gas comes into the valves through ports on the rear panel of the instrument.

Table 8-5: Manual Zero Calibration Procedure - Z/S Valves

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CALZ The analyzer enters the zero calibrate mode. This switches the zero valve to allow zero gas to come in through the zero gas inlet port on the rear panel. If AutoRange is enabled, then select LO or HI range and press ENTR.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at zero value.

3. Press ZERO If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations, forcing the reading to zero.

5. Press EXIT M100AH returns to sample mode. Immediately after calibration, readings do not go into the DAS averages.

Table 8-6: Manual Span Calibration Procedure - Z/S Valves

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CALS The M100AH enters the calibrate mode from sample mode. This operates the sample/cal and zero/span valves to allow span gas to come in through the cal gas inlet port or the rear panel. If AutoRange is enabled, then select LO or HI range and press ENTR.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at span value.

3. Press SPAN If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

5. Press EXIT M100AH returns to sampling. After calibration, data is not added to the DAS averages during HOLDOFF period.

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8.3 Automatic Zero/Span Check

M100AH can automatically check (AUTOCAL) its calibration each day. If provided with the proper option, the M100AH provides this capability by using the time of day clock to signal the computer system to check operations. When enabled, the instrument software will automatically check zero and span (AUTOCAL) on a timed basis. Optionally, the Z/S cycle can be moved backwards or forwards a fixed time each day (to avoid missing measurements at the same time each day).

Setup of the AUTOCAL is covered in Section 6.3.

8.4 Dynamic Zero/Span Calibration

The AUTOCAL system described above can also optionally be used to calibrate the instrument on a timed basis. The automatic calibration is enabled by setting CALIBRATE button to ON under each SEQUENCE setup (Refer Section 6.3). In addition of AUTOCAL setup, Dynamic Zero and/or Dynamic Span should be enabled. With Dynamic calibration turned on, the instrument will re-set the slope and offset values for the SO or DYN_SPAN, press SETUP-MORE-VARS-ENTR and press NEXT repeatedly until DYN_ZERO is shown. Press EDIT and toggle OFF (disabled) or ON (enabled).

concentration. To set DYN_ZERO

This continual re-adjustment of calibration parameters can often mask subtle fault conditions in the analyzer. It is recommended that if Dynamic Calibration (especially Dynamic Span) is enabled, the TEST functions, and SLOPE and OFFSET values in the M100AH should be checked frequently to assure high quality and accurate data from the instrument.

8.5 Use of Zero/Span Valves with Remote Contact Closure

The Zero/Span valve option can be operated using Remote Contact Closures provided on the rear panel. See Figure 2-2 for connector location and pinout. When the contacts are closed, the analyzer will switch to zero or span mode. The contacts must remain closed for at least 1 second, and the analyzer will remain in zero or span mode as long as the contacts are closed. If either DYN_ZERO or DYN_SPAN is enabled (refer Table 10-5), the calibration is adjusted at the end of the zero or span time, otherwise zero or span is just checked, not adjusted. To set DYN_ZERO or DYN_SPAN, press SETUP-MORE-VARS-ENTR and press NEXT repeatedly until DYN_ZERO is shown. Press EDIT and toggle OFF (disabled) or ON (enabled).

The CPU monitors these contact closures and will switch the analyzer into zero or span mode when the contacts are closed for at least 1 second.

In order to do another remote check, both contact closures should be held open for at least 1 second, then may be set again. Table 8-7 shows what type of check is performed based on the settings of the contact closures.

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Table 8-7: Z/S Valves Mode with Remote Contact Closure

Ext Zero CC Ext Low Span CC Ext High Span CC Operation

Contact Open Contact Open Contact Open State when in SAMPLE

mode, normal sample monitoring.

Contact Open Contact Closed Contact Open Low Span check or

calibrate

Contact Closed Contact Open Contact Open Zero check or calibrate*

Contact open Contact Open Contact Closed High Span check or

calibrate

*Calibrate only if Dynamic Calibration is enabled (see Table 10-5).

8.6 Special Calibration Requirements for Dual Range or Auto Range

If Dual Range or Auto Range is selected, then it should be calibrated for both Low Range (Range1) and High Range (Range2) separately. Pressing CAL key will prompt Low Range and High Range keys for Range1 (Low Range) or Range2 (Hi Range) calibration selection. Select desired range number and press ENTR to proceed to the calibration. Once desired range is selected, the display will show Test Measurements and SO range. You must enter expected SO

gas concentrations separately per Table 8-3 procedure for

each range.

For zero calibration allow zero gas through the sample port and proceed to manual zero calibration procedure per Table 8-2, step 2 through step 4. After zero calibration is set, switch to span SO

gas to continue for span calibration procedure per Table 8-4 step 2 through step 4.

Press EXIT to exit from the current Range.

concentration for the corresponding

Repeat the above procedure for the other Range by pressing CAL key and selecting the Range as described above. Enter once again corresponding SO

gas concentration for selected Range and

continue zero/span calibration for the other Range selected.

M100AH with Zero/Span Valves option can be used to calibrate zero/span of the desired Range. Pressing CALZ (for zero) or CALS (for span) keys will lead to show Low Range and High Range the same way as CAL key except CALZ is dedicated for zero air calibration while CALS is dedicated for span gas calibration.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

8.7 Calibration Quality

After Zero/Span is complete, it is very important to check the QUALITY of the calibration. The calibration of the M100AH involves balancing several sections of electronics and software to achieve an optimum balance of accuracy, noise, linearity and dynamic range.

The following procedure compares the Slope and Offset parameters in the equation used to compute the SO

The slope and offset parameters are similar to the span and zero pots on an analog instrument. Just as in the analog instrument, if the slope or offset gets outside of a certain range, the instrument will not perform as well.

The offset value gives information about the background signal level. Check the observed offset value against the factory value in Table 2-1. If significantly higher check Section 10.1.6. Increasing readings are a predictor of problems.

Table 8-8: Calibration Quality Check

concentration.

Step

Number

1. Scroll the TEST

2. Scroll the TEST

Action Comment

Typical SLOPE value for SO function menu until the SLOPE is displayed.

function menu until the OFFSET is displayed.

not in this range, check Section 10.1.6. If the SLOPE value

is in the acceptable range the instrument will perform

optimally.

Typical number is less than 200mV which is mainly the

optical system background. If the OFFSET value is outside

this range, check Section 10.1.6.

is 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is

After the above procedure is complete, the M100AH is ready to measure sample gas.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

8.8 Calibration Gases

The following are recommended for selecting calibration gas:

1. Concentration of span gas should be about 80% of the full scale range if direct cylinder span gas is used without dilution. Also select reasonable range to operate for optimum instrument performance such as linearity , noise, etc. For example, if the typical sample concentration is about 300 PPM and the maximum peak concentration is about 800 PPM, then set the range to 1000 PPM and calibrate with 800 PPM of SO then set the range low accordingly or use AUTORANGE (refer Section 5.3.4) feature.

gas. If the sample concentration is very low,

2. Cylinder source SO

gas should be balanced in nitrogen and diluted with nitrogen (ultrazero

grade). If diluted with dry zero air instead of nitrogen, it must be free of NO gas or other contaminants.

3. Do not use blended gas of SO interfere with the M100AH fluorescence SO 10% of CO

, then the interference from the NO gas will be reduced significantly. M100AH is

and NO gas mixture in nitrogen. NO gas in nitrogen

measurement. If the sample gas contains about

designed with special optical filter that rejects NO interference greater than 100 to 1 ratio. Therefore with the special optical filter and mixture of CO

gas in the sample will result very

low NO gas interference.

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

9 MAINTENANCE

NOTE

The operations outlined in this chapter are to be

performed by qualified maintenance personnel only.

9.1 Maintenance Schedule

Table 9-1: Preventative Maintenance Schedule

Item Maintenance Interval Reference Section

TEST functions Check every month Table 10-1

Zero/Span Calibration Weekly or as needed Section 8

Zero/Span checks Daily or a needed Section 8, Table 6-2

Particulate Filter Weekly as needed Figure 9-1

Pump charcoal scrubber Refill every 3 months Section 9.3

Reaction cell cleaning Clean annually or as necessary Section 9.5, Figure 9-2

Sample Flow Check every 6 months Figure 9-3, Section 10.2.2

Pneumatic Lines Examine every 12 months,

clean if necessary

Factory Calibration Calibrate each year or after

repairs

Leak Check Check every 6 months Section 9.7

Figure 9-3

Section 10.1.6

9-1

Teledyne API Model 100AH SO2 Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02417, Rev. D

9.2 Replacing the Sample Particulate Filter

The particulate filter should be inspected often for signs of plugging or contamination. It is also common for dirt particles to absorb SO value. A very dirty filter can cause serious monitoring problem such as very slow and low response, inability to span, and contamination of the analyzer. The particulate filter should be changed at a minimum every 2 weeks. If the instrument is operated under high dust environment, the particulate filter should be replaced more frequently.

To check and change the filter (refer to Figure 9-1):

1. Locate the filter on the rear panel of the analyzer, unscrew the hold-down ring and visually inspect the filter.

2. If the filter appears dirty, remove the o-ring and then the filter.

3. Replace the filter, being careful that the element is fully seated in the bottom of the holder. Replace the o-ring, then screw on the hold-down ring and hand tighten.

, thus causing those readings to be lower than the actual

9-2

Teledyne 100AH User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual