16 SSU-2000 User’s Guide12713020-002-2 Revision F – October 2006
How to Use This Guide
This section describes the format, layout, and purpose of this guide.
In This Preface
Purpose of This Guide
Who Should Read This Guide
Structure of This Guide
Conventions Used in This Guide
Warnings, Cautions, Recommendations, and Notes
Related Documents and Information
Where to Find Answers to Product and Document Questions
What’s New in This Document
12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007SSU-2000 User’s Guide 17
How to Use This Guide
Purpose of This Guide
The SSU-2000 User’s Guide describes the procedures for unpacking, installing,
using, maintaining, and troubleshooting the Symmetricom SSU-2000
Synchronization Supply Unit. An accompanying document, the SSU-2000 Technical Reference (12713020-003-2) describes default alarms and events, the languages
you use to communicate with the SSU-2000, default values, and other information.
Who Should Read This Guide
Chapter 1, Product Overview, is written for non-technical audiences who need
general information about the product. Chapter 2, Installing the SSU-2000 and
subsequent chapters contain technical information about the product. Other
chapters and appendixes describe installation, maintenance, and configuration
instructions or details primarily intended for qualified maintenance personnel.
This user guide is designed for the following categories of users:
Systems Engineers – Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the SSU-2000.
Cross-references in this chapter direct you to detailed system information in other
chapters as appropriate.
Installation Engineers – Chapter 2 through Chapter 9 and the Appendices
provide detailed information and procedures to ensure proper installation,
turn-up, operation, configuration, and testing of the SSU-2000.
Maintenance Engineers – Chapter 5 and the Appendices provide preventive and
corrective maintenance guidelines, as well as procedures for diagnosing and
troubleshooting fault indications and alarms.
While Chapter 1 is written for non-technical audiences who need information about
the SSU-2000 system, others, such as Chapter 2 through Chapter 9 contain
detailed information and instructions which are intended to be performed by
qualified personnel only.
18 SSU-2000 User’s Guide12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007
How to Use This Guide
Structure of This Guide
This guide contains the following chapters and appendixes:
Chapter, TitleDescription
Chapter 1, Product OverviewProvides an overview of the product and describes the major
hardware and software features.
Chapter 2, Installing the SSU-2000Contains procedures for unpacking and installing the product.
Chapter 3, Provisioning and
Operating the SSU-2000
Chapter 4, CommissioningProvides checklist-based commissioning tests that should be
Chapter 5, Maintenance and
Troubleshooting
Chapter 6, Clock and
Communications Module
Reference Data
Chapter 7, Input Module
Reference Data
Chapter 8, Output Module
Reference Data
Chapter 9, Hardware
Configuration Guide
Index
Describes
the SSU-2000 after installing the unit.
performed after completing turn-up a nd software configuration
to ensure the system is ready for normal operation.
Contains preventive and corrective maintenance, and
troubleshooting procedures for the product.
Provides detailed information on the Commu nications module
and the various Clock modules available for use in the
SSU-2000.
Contains detailed information on the Input modules available
for use in the SSU-2000.
Describes the Output modules available for use in the
SSU-2000 and the SDU-2000.
Describes how to configure the SSU-2000 in several modes,
and lists part numbers for shelves, modules, and accessories.
Provides references to individual topics within this guide.
the ICS and TL1 commands required to provision
Conventions Used in This Guide
This guide uses the following conventions:
Acronyms and Abbreviations – Terms are spelled out the first time they appear
in text. Thereafter, only the acronym or abbreviation is used.
Revision Control – The title page lists the printing date and versions of the
product this guide describes.
Typographical Conventions – This guide uses the typographical conventions
described in the table below.
12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007SSU-2000 User’s Guide 19
How to Use This Guide
When text appears
this way...
SSU-2000 User’s GuideThe title of a document.
SSU
CRITICAL
Select File, Open...Click the Open option on the File menu.
Press
Enter
Press ;
SSU
Username:
PING
STATUS
A re-timing applicationA word or term being emphasized.
Symmetricom does not
recommend...
An operating mode, alarm state, status, or chassis label.
A named keyboard key.
The key name is shown as it appears on the keyboard.
An explanation of the key’s acronym or function
immediately follows the first reference to the key, if
required.
Text in a source file or a system prompt or other text that
appears on a screen.
A command you enter at a system prompt or text you
enter in response to a program prompt. You must enter
commands for case-sensitiv e operating systems exactly
as shown.
A word or term given special emphasis.
... it means:
Warnings, Cautions, Recommendations, and Notes
Warnings, Cautions, Recommendations, and Notes attract attention to essential or
critical information in this guide. The types of information included in each are
explained in the following examples.
Warning: To avoid serious personal injury or death, do not
disregard warnings. All warnings use this symbol. Warnings are
installation, operation, or maintenance procedures, practices, or
statements, that if not strictly observed, may result in serious
personal injury or even death.
Caution: To avoid personal injury, do not disregard cautions. All
cautions use this symbol. Cautions are installation, operation, or
maintenance procedures, practices, conditions, or statements, that
if not strictly observed, may result in damage to, or destruction of,
the equipment. Cautions are also used to indi cat e a lon g- te rm
health hazard.
20 SSU-2000 User’s Guide12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007
How to Use This Guide
ESD Caution: To avoid personal injury and electrostatic discharge
(ESD) damage to equipment, do not disregard ESD cautions. All
ESD cautions use this symbol. ESD cautions are installation,
operation, or maintenance procedures, practices, conditions, or
statements that if not strictly observed, may result in possible
personal injury , electrostatic discharge damage to, or destruction of,
static sensitive components of the equipment.
Electrical Shock Caution: To avoid electrical shock and possible
personal injury, do not disregard electrical shock cautions. All
electrical shock cautions use this symbol. Electrical shock cautions
are practices, procedures, or statements, that if not strictly
observed, may result in possible personal injury, electr ical shock
damage to, or destruction of components of the equipment.
Recommendation: All recommendations use this symbol.
Recommendations indicate manufacturer-tested methods or known
functionality. Recommendations contain installation, operation, or
maintenance procedures, practices, conditions, or statements, that
provide important information for optimum performance results.
Note: All notes use this symbol. Notes contain installation,
operation, or maintenance procedures, practices, conditions, or
statements, that alert you to importa nt information, which may
make your task easier or increase your understanding.
Related Documents and Information
Other helpful documents and software tools are listed below. See your
Symmetricom representative or sales office for a complete list of available
documentation.
Note: Symmetricom offers a number of applicable training courses
designed to enhance product usability. Contact your local
representative or sales office for a complete list of courses and
outlines.
12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007SSU-2000 User’s Guide 21
How to Use This Guide
Where to Find Answers to Product and Document
Questions
For additional information about the products described in this guide, please cont act
your Symmetricom representative or your local sales office. You can also contact us
on the web at www.symmetricom.com.
What’s New in This Document
Revision F.01 of this guide contains the following new information:
Added two sections on retrieving factory and user configurations: Retrieving
Factory Defaults, on page 113, and Retrieving the User Configuration, on page
115.
Corrected the contact information in Contacting Technical Support, on page 138.
Corrected the Starting and Final Time Constant values in Table 6-2, Table 6-4,
and Table 6-6.
Corrected the values in Table 7-4, Table 7-8, Table 7-10, Table 7-12, Table 7-14,
and Table 7-16.
Added a Note about switching operating modes in Input Section, on page 273.
22 SSU-2000 User’s Guide12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007
Chapter 1 Product Overview
This chapter describes the SSU-2000, and provides a theory of operation for the
unit. The SDU-2000 expansion shelf is introduced and described.
In This Chapter
Overview
Typical System Configurations
System Architecture
System Components
Communications Protocol
Overview of SSU-2000 Operation
Indicators and Controls
SDU-2000 Synchronization Distribution Unit
12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007SSU-2000 User’s Guide 23
Chapter 1 Product Overview
Overview
Overview
The SSU-2000 Synchronization Supply Unit (SSU-2000), shown in Figure 1-1, is a
high-performance, Synchronization Status Messaging (SSM)-compliant Timing
Signal Generator (TSG) or Synchronization Supply Unit that provides network
synchronization signals for the telephone and telecommunications industry.
Figure 1-1. SSU-2000 Synchronization Supply Unit
The SSU-2000 conforms to specifications for International, European and North
American applications as a Primary Reference Source (PRS), and Synchronization
Supply Unit (SSU), and Timing Signal Generator (TSG). The SSU-2000 allows for
the integration of a variety of synchronization reference schemes including GPS
and land line DS1/E1. The SSU-2000 meets or exceeds performance requiremen t s
for ANSI and Telcordia Technologies (Bellcore) Stratum 2 and ITU and ETSI T ype II
Transit Node clocks.
The SSU-2000 is designed to comply with the application flexibility and redunda ncy
concepts introduced in Telcordia Technologies (formerly Bellcore) GR-2830. A
selection of hot-swappable modules and powerful software allow users to easily
reconfigure, upgrade, or expand the SSU-2000 to meet a variety of
telecommunications synchronization application requirements.
The SSU-2000 fully supports Synchronization Status Messaging (SSM) as defined
by ANSI, Telcordia Technologies, ITU, and ETSI.
24 SSU-2000 User’s Guide12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007
The SSU-2000 is fully user-configurable and manageable through a software
interface. Modules can be inserted or removed from the SSU-2000 while the system
is operational without any degradation of output signals. Each module supports the
management of critical, major and minor alarms, locally and remotely. Output
modules and clock modules can be configured in redundant pairs, further increasing
system availability.
The SSU-2000 has extensive event detection, reporting, alarming, and storage
capabilities that permit monitoring of the system from external sites. Events are
defined as changes in conditions within the unit, or at the interfaces of the unit,
which may indicate abnormal operation or a change in the unit’s operational st atus.
For example, an event may be a parameter which exceeds a user-set threshold
(usually 2 thresholds are provided). Each event can be assigned by the user to one
of four modes, including IGNORE, REPORT, ALARM, or FAIL.
Typical System Configurations
The modular design of the SSU-2000 permits a great deal of flexibility in configuring
the system components for a variety of applications. Three of the more common
configurations include:
Chapter 1 Product Overview
Typical System Configurations
Time Signal Generator (TSG) configuration
Primary Reference Source (PRS) configuration
Monitor-only configuration
Timing Signal Generator (TSG) Configuration
The Timing Signal Generator (TSG) configuration shown in Figure 1-2 allows for
input of external references to which the Clock modules are phase- and frequencylocked. This configuration allows for monitoring of several inputs, and for
synchronization of output signals.
Figure 1-2. SSU-2000 Configured as a TSG
12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007SSU-2000 User’s Guide 25
Chapter 1 Product Overview
Typical System Configurations
Primary Reference Source (PRS) Configuration
In a Primary Reference Source (PRS) configuration (Figure 1-3), the SSU-2000
meets the specifications defined in American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
T1.101-1999. ANSI defines a Primary Reference Source as “equipment that
provides a timing signal whose long term accuracy is maintained at 1x10
better, with verification to Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), and whose timing
signal may be used as the basis of reference for the control of other clocks within a
network”. If standard Input modules are installed in the remaining input slots, this
configuration also allows for monitoring of up to 24 external signals, such as DS1,
E1, composite clock, and various clock frequencies. Time-of-day functionality is
available through an Ethernet port employing NTP.
-11
or
Figure 1-3. SSU-2000 Configured as a Primary Reference Source
SSU-2000 Configured as a Monitor-Only System
The SSU-2000 can also be configured as a monitor-only system (Figure 1-4) in
which one of the inputs is designated as the reference, and a clock module is locked
directly to this signal. The remaining input signals are then compared to the
phase-locked oscillators (and indirectly to the designated input reference).
The SSU-2000 continuously monitors the integrity of the incoming timing signal.
The operator defines input acceptance criteria and sets parameters for alarming.
When the incoming signal is acceptable (within the performance limits set by the
operator), the SSU-2000 phase-locks to the signal on a priority basis.
Figure 1-4. SSU-2000 Configured as a Monitor-Only System
26 SSU-2000 User’s Guide12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007
System Architecture
The SSU-2000 system is a Timing Signal Generator that generates, monitors,
controls, and distributes network synchronization signals. These signals can be
DS1, E1, Composite Clock (CC), sinusoids, or square waves. The SSU-2000
continuously monitors incoming timing signal integrity. The operator defines input
acceptance criteria and sets parameters for alarming. If a reference signal is
acceptable (within the performance limits set by an operator), the SSU-2000
frequency-locks to the signal on a priority basis. System holdover and filtering
performance is dependent on the quality of oscillators used in the SSU-2000’s
internal Clock modules (Type 1, Stratum 2E or Stratum 3E).
A selection of hot-swappable modules and powerful software allows users to easily
configure, upgrade, or expand the SSU-2000 shelf to meet a variety of
telecommunications synchronization application requirements. Modules can be
inserted or removed from the SSU-2000 while the shelf is operational without any
degradation of output signals. Each module supports the management of critical,
major, and minor alarms. Output modules and Clock modules can be configured in
redundant pairs for increased reliability.
Chapter 1 Product Overview
System Architecture
A simplified block diagram for the SSU-2000 is shown in Figure 1-5.
Figure 1-5. Block Diagram of the SSU-2000
12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007SSU-2000 User’s Guide 27
Chapter 1 Product Overview
System Architecture
As indicated in Figure 1-5, the SSU-2000 consists of four major sections:
The input section consists of one to nine Input modules to which you connect
reference signals that are tested for signal integrity; the Input modules are
described in Chapter 7, Input Module Reference Data. You provision each input
using the Interactive Command Set (ICS) INPUT and REF commands or the
Transaction Language One (TL1) SET-PRMTR-INPUT and SET-INPUT-REF
commands.
The Input modules measure the phase between the input signal and the clock
oscillator(s). From these phase measurements, the DS1/E1 Input modules compute
frequency offset and wander of the input signals. Wander is reported in terms of
Maximum Time Interval Error (MTIE) and Time Deviation (TDEV). The data is then
stored for use in the SSU-2000 and reported through the Communications module.
You can install one or two GPS Input modules that use the satellite-based Global
Positioning System signals as a synchronization reference.The Input signal types
supported are:
DS1/Clock (unframed)
E1/Clock (unframed)
GPS
Composite Clock
Japan Composite Clock
Japan Sine Wave
Selecting the Input
Many factors influence which input reference the SSU-2000 uses:
Priority
PQL/SSM
Switching mode
User-assigned Input S tate
Active alarms on an input
28 SSU-2000 User’s Guide12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007
Chapter 1 Product Overview
System Architecture
You can provision the SSU-2000 to automatically select the highest-quality input
signal, or you can manually select the input signal you want to use. Two factors
determine the quality of the input: the user-defined Priority level, and the PQL/ SSM.
These factors are used to determine which input is used, and what happens if that
input becomes disqualified.
Priority Level
You can assign a Priority level to each input; this value helps determine which input
is used as the system reference. The range is 0 to 10; the lower the Priority level,
the higher the priority. Use the TL1 command SET-PRMTR- INPUT or the ICS
command INPUT to provision this parameter . See Setting the Input Selection Mode,
on page 30, for details on using the Priority level.
SSMs and Quality Level
Synchronization Status Messages (SSMs) may be included in the bit stream of the
incoming signal to indicate its quality level. To read the incoming SSM, you must
provision the input to read the SSM; for E1 signals, you must also provision the bit
position of the incoming SSM. Use the TL1 command SET-PRMTR-INPUT or the
ICS command INPUT to provision these parameters.
If the incoming signal does not include SSMs, or if you disable them, then you can
provision the Quality Level to an appropriate value. The PQL value is used in the
same manner as the incoming SSM to determine which input is used when the
active input is disqualified. SSMs are described in more detail in Synchronization
Status Messages (SSMs), on page 51.
Setting the Reference Switching Mode
Telcordia GR-378 and GR-1244 define two reference selection modes: Revertive
and Non-revertive. In the Revertive mode, if an input used as the system reference
is disqualified (for any reason), the reference switches to the next-highest input and
reverts to the initial input when that input is re-qualified. In this mode, the reference
switches two times: once when the disqualifying event occurs, and again when the
initial input is re-qualified. In the Non-revertive mode, the system reference switches
to the next-highest input but does not revert to the initial input when the initial input
is re-qualified. The system reference switches only once when the disqualifying
event occurs.
The ICS command REF and the TL1 command SET-INPUT-REF allows you to set
the reference switching mode to AutoReturn, AutoSwitch, or OFF. The AutoReturn
mode is Revertive, and enables automatic switching with automatic return to the
input with the highest Priority or PQL level. The AutoSwitch mode is Non-revertive;
the reference automatically switches to the next-highest input on failure of the
selected input. When set to OFF, only manual switching is allowed. If the selected
reference input is disqualified for any reason, the clock enters the Holdover mode
and you must correct the fault and re-provision the reference input.
12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007SSU-2000 User’s Guide 29
Chapter 1 Product Overview
System Architecture
Setting the Input Selection Mode
The ICS command REF and the TL1 command SET-INPUT-REF determine what
type of reference input selection and reference switching is used. You can set the
input selection to either Priority or PQL. The reference switching mode is either
Autoreturn, Autoswitch, or No switching.
After you select the reference switching mode, the Input module reads and
processes the Priority level and PQL value to determine the traceability of inputs.
This traceability information is then used by the Clock modules in selecting a
reference signal and for embedding the SSM into the outputs.
If you select Priority mode, the SSU-2000 selects the input reference with the
highest user-defined Priority setting; if all inputs have the same Priority level, then
the input with the highest PQL (quality level, SSM) is used.
If you select PQL mode, the SSU-2000 selects the input reference with the highest
assigned PQL level or associated SSM; if all inputs have the same PQL/SSM value ,
then the input with the highest Priority levels is used. In either case, error conditions
such as Loss of Signal (LOS), Out of Frame (OOF), MTIE, TDEV, and Phase
performance data collected at the input s are used to disqualify input s (prevent inpu t
selection) based on user defined thresholds.
In either mode, when the Priority and PQL values are equal for each input, the
physical location of the Input module determines the priority for selecting the input
reference. Port 1 on the Input module in the leftmost slot has the highest priority; the
priority decreases to port 1 on the Input module in the rightmost slot. Port 2 on the
module in the leftmost slot has the next lower priority, decreasing to Port 2 on the
Input module in the rightmost slot. Port 3 on the module in the leftmost slot has the
next lower priority, and Port 3 on the module in the rightmost slot has the lowest
priority.
If the Input module is configured for provisioned mode, it reports the user-assigned
SSM. If it is configured for automatic mode, the Input module uses the most recent
valid SSM. If a valid SSM is not received, the module uses the user-assigned SSM.
Setting an Input Alarm Strategy
You can provision the SSU-2000 to elevate input alarms to the next higher level
after a specified amount of time. You can also specify that an alarm clears
automatically after a specified period of time without the alarm condition. For more
information on alarms, see Alarms and Events, on page 32.
Bypass Clock (Clock C)
In the event that both Clock modules fail, an input connected to a D1, E1, or
Composite Clock Input module can serve as the system reference. The input must
be a valid reference, and it must have a Priority setting. When the Bypass clock is
the active reference, then the output signal is not filtered and any wander or jitter on
the input signal appears on the outputs. The Bypass clock is intended only for
short-term use; you should resolve the failures on the Clock modules as quickly as
possible.
30 SSU-2000 User’s Guide12713020-002-2 Revision F.01 – January 2007
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