Star Micronics Rainbow NX-1000C User Manual

USERS MANUAL

NOTICE

THIS PRODUCT

IS

DESIGNED TO OPERATE AT 120V. ANY OTHER VOLTAGE CAUSE DAMAGE.

MAY

1

Federal Communications Commission

Radio Frequency Interference Statement

not

This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, may cause interference to radio and television reception. B computing device which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference installation. However, there installation.

be

can the interference by one

• Reorient the receiving antenna

• Relocate the computer

• Move the computer

• Plug the computer

If

necessary, the user should consult the dealer for additional suggestions. The user may find the following booklet, prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful: Problems." This booklet D.C., 20402, Stock No. 004-000-00345-4.

For

compliance with the Federal Noise Interference Standard, this equipment requires a shielded

cable.

The

above statement applies only

If

determined by turning the equipment

different branch circuits.

this equipment does cause interference to radio

It

has been type tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class

in

accordance with the specifications in Subpart J

is

no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular

off

or

more

of

the following measures:

or

printer with respect to the receiver

or

printer away from the receiver

or

printer into a different outlet

is

available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

to

printers marketed

and on, the user

or

an experienced redio/television technician

"How

to Identify and Resolve Radio-TV Interference

in

the U.S.A.

installed and used properly,

of

Part

15

of

FCC Rules,

in

a residential

or

television reception, which

is

encouraged to try to correct

so

that it and the receiver are on

fl

Il

fl

II

~

I

Trademark

NX-IOOOC: Commodore CI2S/C64: Commodore Business Machines, Inc.

NOTICE

Star

Micronics Co., Ltd.

• The contents

• All efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy

of

time being informed

• The above notwithstanding, STAR can assume no responsibility for any errors manual.

of

this manual are subject to change without notice.

press. However, should any errors be detected, STAR would greatly appreciate

of

them.

Star

Micronics Co., Ltd.

Acknowledgements

of

any

part

is

forbidden.

of

this manual in any form whatsoever

of

the contents

of

this manual at the

in

this

LJ

lJ

IJ

I

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

This manual learn how to make the best use of

chapters 1 through

Chapter

chapter before you do anything else.

1 explains how to get the printer unpacked and set up. Read this

is

organized into four chapters and three appendixes.

of

4.

The appendixes can be referred to as necessary.

To

your printer you are urged to read all

J

I I

I

J

I I

I

Chapter

and try out the procedures in it to find

Chapter 3 is

many short demonstration programs.

Chapter

chapter to

Appendix Appendix

commands.

Appendix

2 explains the control panel. After getting set up, read this chapter

an introduction to BASIC programming for the printer, with

4 covers maintenance and troubleshooting. Look through this

see

what it contains, then refer to it as necessary later.

A lists the printer's technical specifications.

B details the functions

C presents tables

of

the printer's character sets.

out

how the printer works.

escape sequences and other printer

J

I

J

FEATURES OF THE PRINTER

This printer is a compact, convenient, colour dot-matrix printer with

a Commodore serial interface. Fully compatible with the Commodore Cl28 and

C64 computers, Commodore graphics versions). ASCII character set. Some

•

Six

your printed output.

• Easy operation

feedback when you press the switches can operate in combinations to perform a surprising variety including

• Easy care and maintenance

minutes.

• Versatile paper handling

are all accepted, and you can use either tractor or friction feature enables you to keep fanfold forms parked on other paper.

• Fast draft-quality printing

you can read it. Characters are naturally shaped, with true descenders.

• High-resolution near-letter-quality printing

a dense matrix

• Graphics

seven-bit graphics.

• Large variety

It

also has

bright colours

Red, blue, violet, yellow, orange, and green add a colour dimension to

Clearly understandable lamp displays and beep tones provide immediate

ma~gin

The ribbon cartridge can be replaced

Single sheets, fanfold forms, and multi-copy forms (up to triple-ply)

At

120

characters per second, the printer can print a page faster than

When you select

The printer prints both standard eight-bit graphics and Commodore

it

supports the Commodore commands and prints the

and

business character sets (both standard and

an

ASCII operating mode in which

of

its main features are the following:

See

the samples inside the back cover.

on

setting and micro-alignment.

an

NLQ type style, the printer slows down and employs

of

up to

18

by

23

dots to print clear, well-formed characters.

of

type styles and sizes

DIN

it

prints the standard

the control panel. The four switches

of

functions,

in

seconds; the print head in a

feed.

in

readiness while printing

few

A special

L

I

II

The printer has one draft style and four NLQ styles (Courier, Sanserif, I and Orator with small capitals or lower case), plus italics for all styles, plus U condensed print, bold print, double-sized print, quadruple-sized print-see the samples on the next page:

l!

'I'

1

OPERATING

'1 '1

I

TYPE

I

I I

I

PRINT

I

VARIOUS

I

MODES

COMMODORE

WITH

with

COMMODORE

WITH

with

ASCII STYLES

DRAFT

COURIER

SANSERIF

ORATOR

mode

CHARACTERS,

ARE:

STANDARD

GRAPHICS

business

DIN

GRAPHICS

business

ARE:

CHARACTERS.

CHARACTERS,

WITH

SMALL

with lower

and

ITAL

IeS

Tor

PITCHES

PICA

CONDENSED

PROPORTIONAL

LINE

ARE:

PITCH.

PICA

PITCH.

SPACINGS:

SPACING

MODE

CAPITALS

case

a

11

ELITE

CODJSID

MODE

CHARACTER

character

CHARACTER

character

OR

6

characters

s.t

Vl

es..

PITCH.

FJ.ITE

PITCH

FOR

ALL

PITCHES.

SET

set

SET

set

6

I

I I

I

J

SPECIAL

QUAD-SIZE~

DOUBLE-SIZE,

EMPHASIZED.

I~~~~~~.

COLOUR DOWNLOAD DOT

~~

EFFECTS

GRAPHICS:

INCLUDE:

DOUBLE-STRIKE.

SUPERSCRZPT.

PRINTING:

CHARACTERS:

SuaSCRZPT.

REFER

TO

~~~~~~~~~~aaaaaaaaaa

EXPANDED~

UNDERLINING.

BACK

COVER

s

TABLE OF CONTENTS

[;

Chapter 1 SETTING

Locating the printer

Unpacking and inspection

Check the carton contents

Setting up

Mount Remove the top cover Install the ribbon cartridge Replace the top cover Connect the printer to the computer Connect the printer's power cord

Loading single sheets 6

Mount Semiautomatic loading Manual loading

Loading and parking fanfold forms

Paper Paper

Test printing

Short self test Long self test

Interface test Adjusting the printing gap DIP

switch settings

Chapter 2

CONTROL PANEL OPERATIONS

Switches

Power-up functions

Switch combination functions

and Power indicator On

Line switch Paper Feed switch Print Pitch switch NLQ

Type Style switch

Short test pattern Long test pattern Stay in panel pitch Stay in panel style Hexadecimal dump

Paper parking Page feed

UP

THE PRINTER

the platen knob

the paper guide

parking unparking

indicators

12

13

14 17

17

21

23

1 1 1

3

8

n

fI

n r

r

I:

('

I:

(i

(',

m

[I

t

[,

L:

l:

1J

1

rl

1

)

I

J

J J

I I

I

I I

I

Top

offonn Forward micro-feed Reverse micro-feed Left margin Right margin

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Appendix A Appendix B PRINTER CONTROL

Appendix C CHARACTER

BASIC PROGRAMMING FOR

BASIC statements Listing a program Coding printer commands Printer modes and character sets

Type style and pitch

Special effects Page fonnatting Dot

graphics Download characters Colour printing

MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING

Cleaning the printer

Replacing the ribbon Replacing the print head

Troubleshooting

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Operating mode commands

Colour printing commands

Font

control commands

Character set commands

Character size Vertical position commands Horizontal position commands Graphics commands Download character commands Macro instruction commands Other printer control commands

Commodore Standard mode

Graphics character set Business character set

Commodore

Graphics character set

Business character set

and

pitch commands

SETS

DIN

mode

THE

COMMANDS

PRINTER

27 27 29 30 31 34 36 38 41

44

47 49

49 49 50 52

55 59

59 60 60 63 64 67 69 71 73 75 75

77 78

82

ASCII character set International character sets

INDEX REFERENCE CARD

86

88

91

Inside the cover

lJ

IJ

I I

)

J

Chapter 1

SETTING UP THE PRINTER

Subjects covered in Cbapter 1 include -

• Locating the printer

• Unpacking and inspection (names

• Setting up

• Loading single sheets

• Loading and parking fanfold forms

• Test printing

• Adjusting the printing gap

• Setting the

DIP

switches

of

parts)

J J

I J I I

I

J J

LOCATING THE PRINTER

Give some thought to the best place to and computer should be used in a normal indoor environment. performance,

• Place the printer on a flat surface.

• Keep

• Use

• Avoid locations with dust, grease,

• Supply it "clean" electricity. noise-producing appliance such as a refrigerator.

• Make sure the line voltage is within 10%

identification plate.

•

If

you

feed up to

UNPACKING AND INSPECTION

Check the carton contents

Open the carton and check each item in the box against Figure

make sure that you have everything (there should be six items).

we

recommend:

it

out

of

direct sunlight and away from heat-producing appliances.

it

only in temperatures where you are comfortable.

Don't

will

be using fanfold forms, place the printer where the forms can

it

from below, with

at

put

the printer. Both the printer

or

high humidity.

connect it to the same circuit as a large,

of

the voltage specified on the

least a full page hanging free.

For

1-1

best

to

J

r

r r

r r r

r r

I

~

Figure 1-1. Check to make sure you have

4)

knob,

following parts:

2

Ribbon cartridge,

Make

an

external inspection

Bail lever:

5)

User's manual, and

opens

and

against the platen.

all

five Items:

of

the printer.

closes the paper bail which holds the paper

1)

6)

Printer,

Interface cable.

Note

2)

Paper guide,

the locations

3)

of

Platen

the

I ;

I

I t l

l

L

l'

l

1

1 1

')

J

I

I I I

Figure 1-2. The printer·s external parts

Release lever: Top cover:

Rear cover: Entry slot: Control panel: Power switch: Connector:

releases the platen. This lever must be down for printing

protects the print head protects the sprocket feed mechanism. for inserting single sheets controls various printer functions. switches power for connecting the computer to the printer.

on

single sheets,

on

and

Connector

and

up for fanfold forms.

and

other parts.

of

paper.

off.

J

I

J

I

J

SETTING UP

Mount the platen knob

The platen knob is packed into a recess

material which held your printer inside the packing box.

of

the knob before disposing

Mount

it until you can push it in all the way.

Power should always be off when you

the platen by hand while power is

the platen knob on its shaft

the packing.

on

can damage the printer's gears.

of

the white foam packing

the right side

tum

the platen knob. Turning

Be

careful

of

the printer.

to

remove

Tum

3

~

Platen knob

r

r r

r

Figure 1-3. Mounting the platen knob

Remove the top cover I

Lift the front edge

the tabs

at

the back

of

the printer's clear plastic

of

the cover

and

remove the cover completely.

top

cover. Then disengage I

I

l

•

Figure 1-4. Removing the top cover

I L

l l

L

l

4

L

l

1

'1

1

J

I

)

I

I I I

Install the ribbon cartridge

The top side

Turn this handle in the direction

Next place the ribbon cartridge on the print head assembly, guiding the

ribbon between the print head and the metal platen guard. Press down lightly

on the cartridge until it locks into place. Caution: Don't touch the brass gear on the carriage.

of

the ribbon cartridge has a handle for turning the ribbon.

of

the arrow to tighten the ribbon.

I

I I I I

.J

J

Figure 1-5. Installing the ribbon cartridge

Replace the top cover

Hold the cover upright and engage the tabs

the front edge down until the cover is closed.

Leave the cover closed during normal operation. dirt and reduces the printer's operating sounds. Open the cover only to change the ribbon or make an adjustment.

Connect

connector sockets on the right side The connector is keyed to ensure the right pin alignment. Do force it in.

the printer

Plug the printer end

to

the computer

of

the interface cable into either

of

the printer as shown in Figure

at

the back. Then swing

It

keeps out dust and

of

the two

not

1-6.

try to

5

r

Make sure the computer

cable into the serial port connector on your computer or disk drive.

The printer's second connector can

devices

Figure 1-6. Connecting

Connect the printer's power cord.

Then plug the printer's power cord into

if

necessary .

the

interface cable

Check that the printer's power switch (located

Never plug or unplug the power cord while the printer

is

turned OFF, then plug the other end

be

used to chain other peripheral

Connector

at

the left front)

an

AC wall outlet.

is

turned on.

of

the r

is

OFF.

r:

r

r:

r

I I

[

L I

~.

LOADING SINGLE SHEETS

This section

sheets

of

paper.

If

you are using the optional automatic sheet feeder (ASF), read the

ASF instruction booklet.

Mount the paper guide

The paper guide fits into the two holes on top

the guide and raise it to the upright position.

6

will

take you through the procedures for loading single

of

the rear cover. Mount

L

t: L

l II

L

IJ

1 1

'1

1

I

I I I

I

J

I

)

J

Figure 1-7. Mounting the paper guide

Semiautomatic loading

Single sheets can be loaded manually with power automatically with power on. We loading.

1.

Check that the release lever

then switch power on. You will hear a short beep tone and the Power

indicator on the control panel will flash. These are the printer's paper-out

signals. .

2.

Place a single sheet on the paper guide and insert

slot. You

detector lever. Work the paper past this resistance and insert it down

as far as

3.

Move the bail lever forward. When the bail opens, the printer feeds the

paper automatically.

4.

Move the bail lever back. The paper will feed slightly forward again,

ending in position to print with a top margin

it

will

feel

a slight resistance as the paper engages the paper

go.

for

single sheets

ofT,

will

start the easy way with semiautomatic

is

down and the bail lever back (bail closed),

it

down into the entry

of

about one inch.

or semi-

J

7

r

r:

r'

r r

r

I

Figure 1·8. Loading a single sheet

Manual loading

It

is also possible to load paper manually while the printer's power

off. The procedure

1.

Check printer is down.

2.

Insert a single sheet same way as for semiautomatic loading.

3.

Move the bail lever on top bail.

4.

Turn the platen knob clockwise until the front edge out from under the top cover.

5.

If straighten the paper by hand, then move the release lever back down.

6.

Move the bail lever back to close the paper bail.

LOADING AND PARKING FANFOLD FORMS

Fanfold forms have holes along the sides and perforations between the

sheets. They are also called sprocket forms, punched forms, or just plain "computer paper". This printer accepts forms up to 10" wide. Fanfold forms are loaded, parked, and unparked as explained next.

8

that

the paper is not straight, move the release lever to the up position,

is:

printer power is

of

paper into the entry slot as far as

off

and the release lever

of

the printer forward to open the paper

at

the back

it

will

of

the paper comes

of

the

go, the

I I

is

I I I

~.

l

l l

L

1

1 1

'I

J

) ) )

I I

1.

Place a stack the printer.

2.

Turn the printer's power

of

fanfold paper behind and

OFF.

at

least one page-length below

I I

)

I

J

Figure 1-9. Opening the rear cover

Figure 1-10. Opening the sprocket covers to expose the sprocket teeth

9

3.

Set the release lever to the up position. remove it. (Since the platen

4.

Move the bail lever forward to open the bail.

5.

Remove the paper guide and put it aside for the moment.

6.

Remove the rear cover. Grip it by its front edge and lift upwards and backwards as in Figure

7.

Open the sprocket covers on the right and left sprocket units,

in Figure

8.

Flip the clamp levers down. This allows the two sprocket units to move

freely right and left so you can align them with the holes in the paper.

9.

Insert the front edge

it in under the platen.

1-10.

is

released, you can just pull the paper out.)

1-9.

of

the paper over the paper detector lever and tuck

If

there

is

paper in the printer,

as

shown

fl

n

rl rl

fl

rl

I,

I

Figure 1·11. Closing the sprocket covers

10.

Fit the holes in the paper over the sprocket pins. Check that the paper is

even.

11.

Close the sprocket covers (Figure

12.

Raise one

13.

Turn the platen knob to under the top cover.

14.

Move the bail lever back to close the bail.

15.

Check that the paper is feeding in flat, then raise the other clamp lever to lock the other sprocket unit.

16.

Replace the rear cover. Hold it tilted upward and insert the two tabs at

the bottom into their slots. Then rotate the cover forward, pressing

down

10

of

the clamp levers to lock one sprocket unit in place.

feed

on

the thumb pads on the left and right to snap it into place.

1-11).

the paper forward until it comes out from

1 1

')

)

I

I I I I I

I

17.

Mount the paper guide in the horizontal position shown in Figure 1-12,

so that it will separate the printed from the unprinted paper.

Figure 1-12. Mounting the paper

Now you are ready to switch power on and print.

guide

for

fanfold forms

I

J

.J

J

Paper parking

After loading fanfold paper, you do not have to unload it when you

on

want to print follow the procedure below.

1.

Paper parking starts with power ON, fanfold paper loaded in printing position, the release lever up, and the bail lever back.

2.

Press the On Line switch on the control panel to set the printer off-line (On Line indicator off).

3.

Tear off the printed form about half a page showing above the top cover. Paper Feed switch to feed paper

just

above the top cover, and tear there.

4.

Press the Print Pitch switch on the control panel and hold it down.

5.

Still holding the Print Pitch switch down, press the Paper Feed switch. The printer will automatically feed the fanfold form backward until the paper

is

a single sheet. The printer will

at

the last perforation, leaving not more

f~rward

completely free

of

the platen .

"park"

until a perforation

it for you

If

necessary, press the

is

if

you

than

located

11

6.

Move the release lever to the down position.

7.

Mount

the paper guide in the upright position.

Now you can load single sheets either semiautomatically or manually,

as explained previously. The fanfold paper remains parked

at

the back

of

the printer.

When you want to resume using fanfold paper, the procedure

is

as

follows.

Paper

1.

2.

3.

4.

unparking

Remove all single sheets from the printer and close the paper bail.

Mount

the paper guide in the horizontal position. Move the release lever to the up position. With power ON, move the bail lever forward. The printer will automatically feed the parked fanfold paper into position for printing.

5.

Move the bail lever back to close the bail. Now you are ready to print.

TEST PRINTING

After loading paper, you can test the printer as described next.

Short

in a different color. The lines are eight inches wide, so the paper should be

1.

2.

3.

can release the On Line switch after printing starts. at

tum

self

test

This procedure prints a seven-line "barber-pole" test pattern, each line

at

least

that

wide.

Check that paper is in position for printing.

With power off, press the On Line switch on the control panel and hold it down. Still holding the On Line switch down, turn the printer's power on.

The printer will automatically start printing its short test pattern. You

To

remove the paper

the end

of

the test, switch power

OFF,

then turn the platen knob. (Don't

the platen knob while power is on.)

r:

r

I

L

!

"#$1.:;'

! "11$1.&' 0

"11$1.&'

()

#$1.&'

()

*+,

$1.&' 0

*+,

1.8,'

()

*+,

&'

0*+,-./0123456789:

Figure 1-13.

12

()

*+,

-./0123456789:

*+,

-.

10123456789:;

*+,

-./0123456789:;

-.

10123456789:

-./0123456789:;

-.

10123456789:;

Short

test

;

<=)?@ABCDEFGHIJI<LMNOPQRSTUVWXYH£lt<--+

(ci)?@ABCDEFGHIJI<LMNOPQRSTUVWXYH£lt<--+

<=)?@ABCDEFGHIJI<LMNOPQRSTUVWXYZL£lt<--+I--1

;

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJI<LMNOPQRSTUVWXYZC£ll<--+I---1

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZC£lI<--+1

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJI<LMNOPQRSTUVWXYz(£ll<--+1

;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYz[£lI

pattern

1 ~ -I h '-'L'--,,"

1

~-I

h

~-I

h

~-I h '-'L~¥I

..

-+I~--1 h vL~¥1

'-'L'v....--.-¥

h

vL'v'fl

''''L'_~

'-'L'-.-rlII-

,

)

I

Long self test

To

see

the printer's variety

of

the printer's self test.

I. Check that paper

2.

With power off, press the Paper Feed switch on the control panel and hold it down.

3.

Still holding the Paper Feed switch down,

The printer character set in various type styles. Watch the lights on the control panel; they indicate which type style

This test repeats indefinitely in a cycle switch power off.

is

in position for printing.

will

automatically start printing a test pattern

of

type styles, you can run the long version

tum

the printer's power ON.

is

printing.

of

125

lines. To stop the test,

of

its

full

I

I I I

I I J

I

Interface test

After confirming that the printer works interface with the computer. Power up both the printer and computer, load paper, then try running the following BASIC program:

by

itself,

it

is

time to test the

10 OPEN4.4

FOR

1=1

TO

20

30

40

50

60

CLOSE commands ON (the factory setting) for this program to work.

ADJUSTING THE PRINTING GAP

accommodate different paper thicknesses. To make this adjustment, remove the top cover. The adjustment lever bail. Pulling the adjustment lever towards you widens the gap; pushing it away from you narrows the gap.

The first position (narrowest gap) is the one most commonly used for single sheets

PRINT=II:4.

CLOSE4 END

This program prints a line

The distance between the print head and the platen can

There are foui positions; you can

of

paper. Try different positions until you get the best printing results.

10

"THE

will

be explained in Chapter

INTERFACE

of

text

10

is

located near the left end

feel

WORKS"

times. The OPEN, PRINT#, and

3.

DIP

switch 3 must be

be

adjusted to

of

the paper

the lever clicking into each position.

J

13

Adjustment lever

Figure 1-14. Adjusting for different thicknesses

of

paper

DIP SWITCH SETTINGS

When you remove the printer's cover and look inside, you

of

group

small switches These are the printer's are numbered 1 to

Figure 1-15. DIP Switches l!

For

all switches, the

the

OFF

position is towards the front.

pen or other small implement to move the switch to the

on

the green board

DIP

(Dual In-line Package) switches. The switches

10

from left to right.

ON

position

at

the bottom

is

towards the back

To

set a DIP switch,

ON

of

or

will

see

of

the printer.

the printer and

use

a ballpoint

OFF

position.

a

II

14

'1

I

)

I I I

I I I I I I

I I

The printer's power should be

is

made while power on again, because the printer reads the

Switch

1 Auto line feed 2

3 Device number 4 5

4 Page length

5

6

7

8

9

10

The printer is delivered with all are the standard settings. printer functions to match your requirements. The following questions will help you make the right settings.

Switch 1:

If

you leave this switch carriage return and line feed each time it receives a carriage-return code. If

you move this switch to the required to obtain a line feed. single spacing, this switch.

Switch 2:

Leave this switch of

the paper. When this switch

detector and prints down to (and beyond) the bottom edge.

Do

Do the end

on do not take effect until power is switched off, then

Function

Paper-out detector Enabled Disabled

Operating mode

International character set

Commodore characters Auto sheet feeder Inactive Active

By

you want

at

or

if

lines overprint each other, try changing the setting

you want the printer to stop printing

of

the paper,

ON

except when you need to print very close to the end

off

when you set the

DIP

switches only

Yes

11

Commodore ASCII

Standard

DIP

switch set to the

changing the settings, you can alter various

an

automatic line feed?

the

ON

position, the printer performs both a

OFF

position, a separate line-feed code is

If

you get double line spacing when you expect

or

to keep printing to the bottom?

is

OFF

the printer ignores the paper-out

ON

inches

DIP

switches. Settings

at

power-up.

OFF

No

12

inches

DIN

ON

position. These

about

an

inch from

of

I

J

Switch 3:

Peripheral devices connected to the Commodore computer are identified

by

device numbers.

is

4.

If

is

5.

Do

you want the device number

If

you leave this switch ON, the printer's device number

you set this switch to the

of

the printer

OFF

position, the printer's device number

to

be 4 or

5?

15

Switch 4: Is the

Leave this switch OFF

position

if

you

page

length

ON

if

you

will be using 12-inch fonns.

of

your

paper

will be using l1-inch fonns.

11

inches

or

12

inches?

Move

it

to the

Switch 5:

The

ON supporting a Commodore which is main

difference between

C).

Another

only

in

work

only

Switches 6 International

codes. See the can

select one

Country Commodore* U.S.A Gennany Denmark

Switch 9:

This

switch operates

position

The

sets. character

Switch 10: Are To

use

Otherwise leave it

Do

you

want

mode?

position selects

for

use with software

difference is

Commodore

in

ASCII

to

8:

character

of

OFF

I

OFF

In

sets

selects the

OFF

sets. See Appendix C

the

automatic

mode,

mode.

Do

you

eight

character

6 7 8

ON

position selects the

ON

ON ON OFF OFF

the

Commodore

or

the only

standard

you

going

sheet feeder,

ON.

to

use

the

printer

the

Commodore

printer.

supporting a non-Commodore

the

two

modes

that

7-pin graphics

while backspacing

want

an

sets differ

tables in Appendix

ON

ON ON

DIN

character

when the

Commodore

for

to

use

mode,

The

OFF

is their

international

in

their assignment

sets as follows:

France Sweden I Italy Spain

*

England

mode,

do sets?

Commodore

the

difference.

the

automatic

move

in

Commodore

which is

position selects the ASCII mode,

character

and

reverse printing are available

and

«;haracter set?

C.

With

Country

if

DIP

you

want

mode

business

this switch

and

DIN

sheet feeder (ASF)?

mode

or

ASCII

for

use with software

printer. The

sets (see Appendix

horizontal tabulation

of

several character

the

DIP

switches you

6 7 8

ON

ON OFF OFF

and

OFF OFF OFF OFF

OFF.

character

The

graphics

position.

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

switch 5 is

the

standard

is selected.

graphics character

business

to

the

OFF

ON

(i

l:

16

U

LJ

Chapter 2

')

1

J

I

I I

I

I I I

I

CONTROL PANEL OPERATIONS

This chapter explains

• Pause printing

• Feed paper (fast and slow, forward

• Select the print pitch

• Select a type style

• Print test patterns

• Prevent software from changing the panel pitch and style selections

• Print a hexadecimal dump

• Park fanfold forms

• Set the top-of-form position

• Micro feeding

• Set the left and right margins

SWITCHES AND INDICATORS

The control panel has four switches marked:

• On Line

• Paper Feed

• Print Pitch

•

NLQ

Type Style

The On Line, Print Pitch, a beep tone when pressed, and indicators beside them indicate their current status. There

is

how

to

use

the control panel to:

and

NLQ

also a Power indicator

and

reverse)

Type Style switches respond with

that

lights when power is on.

J

COURIER SANSERIF ORATOR

I

Figure

ITALIC

2-1.

Control panel

0 0 0

10

INLQ

TYPE STYLE

D

o

PICA

o

ELITE

OCONoD

o

PROP

I PRINT

PITCH

r

PAPER

FEED

PAPE

'DID

D-POWER

D I

17

The control panel switches can be pressed singly to perform the oper-

ations indicated by their names. Other functions can be obtained by holding

tum

these switches down when you functions can be executed by pressing the control panel switches in combination. This chapter explains all the switch and indicator functions.

the printer's power on. Still further

Power indicator

The power indicator lights (yellow) when power When paper is not present, the power indicator flashes. A beep tone

also alerts you to the need to load paper.

On

Line switch

The On Line switch sets the printer on-line and off-line. The state changes

each time you press the switch.

In the on-line state the printer receives data from the computer and prints the data. In the off-line state the printer stops printing and sends the computer a signal indicating

The printer powers up in the on-line state is not present, the printer powers up off-line with the Power indicator flashing. When you load paper the Power indicator stops flashing, but the printer remains off-line. To start printing you must press the On Line switch go on-line.

The three main times when you will want to press the On Line switch

are:

• Before and after any other panel operation The other panel switches operate only in the off-line state. First press

the On Line switch to go off-line, then perform the panel operation, then press the On Line switch again to go back on-line.

• To pause during printing If

you press the On Line switch during printing, the printer stops printing and goes off-line, allowing you to check the printout panel setting. Printing resumes when you press the On Line switch again to go back on-line.

• To cut fanfold forms When using fanfold forms,

seconds, in addition to going off-line the printer feeds the paper about two inches forward, allowing you to cut

at

the end

that

it cannot accept data.

of

printing

if

you hold the On Line switch down for 2

it

off just below the last line printed.

if

paper

is

on.

is

present.

or

change a control

If

paper

18

1

'1

1

)

I I I I I

I

When you press the On Line switch again to go back on-line, the paper feeds backward about one inch, stopping in the right place to resume printing.

Paper Feed switch

This switch operates only when the printer is off-line.

If

once the paper feeds forward by one line. printer performs consecutive line feeds.

While you are feeding lines,

paper will feed to the top

When power is on, always use the Paper Feed switch instead

knob to feed paper. Turn the platen knob only when power is off.

Print Pitch switch

This switch operates off-line characters. The indicators pitch.

The printer powers up in pica pitch.

On

the until the indicators show the pitch you want.

Line switch to go off-line, then press the Print Pitch switch repeatedly

The pitch selections cycle as follows:

Pica (10 characters per inch) Elite (12 characters per inch) Condensed pica (17 characters per inch) Condensed elite (20 characters per inch) Proportional pica Proportional elite

of

if

you also press the

the next page. This is explained later.

to

select the print pitch: the spacing between

to

the left light (green)

you hold this switch down, the

to

To

change to another pitch, press

If

you press it

On

Line switch, the

of

the platen

indicate the selected

I

J

This This This This This This

Figure

2-2.

Samples

proportional pitch different letters occupy different widths. (For example,

is

pica

is

elite

is

condensed

15

condensed

is

Print pitches selectable from the control panel

of

elite

proportional

these pitches are shown in Figure 2-2.

(12

piCd

(20

(10

characters

(17

chdrdcters

chmcters

pica.

elite.

per

inch),

per

inchl.

per

inch).

inch)

Note

that

with

19

"i"

and "I" are narrower than other letters.) Proportional pitch and space-efficient, though not always convenient when column alignment is required.

that

Note

panel. You can make this selection by the printer command sequence <

<15>

you cannot select condensed proportional pitch on the control

<27>

<112>

<49>-seeChapter3.

is

attractive

27

>

NLQ Type Style switch

This switch selects the type style. Draft style is always selected power-up. printer off-line, then press the

indicators beside the desired selection light. The selections cycle in the following order:

This

THIS

Figure 2-3. Type styles selectable from the control panel

than the other styles. This makes

requiring high visibility. A little extra line spacing helps when Orator is used.

capitals in place

but

To

change to one

Draft (all indicators off) Courier (NLQ) Courier italic (NLQ) Sanserif (NLQ) Sanserif italic (NLQ) Orator (NLQ) Orator italic (NLQ)

Samples are shown in Figure 2-3.

is

dra~t

is

near-letter-quality

is

Courier

is

Sanse~i~.

is

Sanserif

IS

ORATOR

IS

ORA TOR

The Orator style is unique in two ways. First,

Second, there are two versions

of

lower-case letters; the other prints lower-case letters,

without descenders. When you select Orator from the control panel you

of

the

NLQ

quality.

italic.

WITH

ITALIC

it

NLQ

(near letter quality) styles, set the

Type Style switch repeatedly until the

Courier.

SMALL

a good choice for labels and other text

of

the

CAPITALS.

WITH

Orator

SMALL

it

type style: one prints small

is a

dot

CAPITALS.

larger (higher)

at

r!

[I

f'

[!

(1 (!

I :

l

I:

(:

l:

L

l!

~

LJ

20

U

LJ

1

'1 '1

J J

I

I I

I

J I I

I

get small capitals. Lower case can be selected by the printer control command

<27>

always prints as lower case.

commands given in Appendix draft italic, which cannot be selected from the control panel.

POWER-UP FUNCTIONS

special functions that operate on.

< 107>

The other type styles do not have a small-capitals option. Lower case

All

of

In

addition to their normal functions, all the control panel switches have

COURIER SANSERIF ORATOR

I

ITAUC

<3>

- see Chapter

the type styles in Figure 2-3 can also

B.

if

o

0

INLQ

TYPE STYLE

0 0

I I

10

Stay in panel style

PICA

o

EUTE

OCONDI

o

PROP

Stay

3.

In

addition, printer commands can select

you hold them down while switching power

1

PRINT PITCH

PAPER

r

PARK.,

I I I

in

panel pitch

Hexadecimal dump

be

selected by printer control

PAPER

FEED

Long test

O-POWER

ONUNE

D

0

Short test

I

J J

J

Figure 2-4. Power-up functions of control panel

Short test pattern: On Line switch

If

held down during power-up, this switch prints a short test pattern

(shown in Chapter

Long test pattern: Paper Feed switch

If

held down during power-up, this switch prints a long test pattern.

The test cycles endlessly. To stop the test you must switch power off.

1).

21

Stay in panel pitch: Print Pitch switch

By

holding this switch down during power-up, you can prevent software interference with the print pitch selected from the control panel. You hear an acknowledging beep as power comes on. After the beep tone, you can set the printer off-line, select a print pitch, then return to on-line and

not

start printing. The pitch you selected will by any commands your software may issue.

Stay

in

panel style:

If

held down during power-up, this switch prevents software interference with the type style selected from the control panel. There will be an acknowledging beep, after which you can set the printer off-line, select a type style, then return to the on-line state and start printing. The selected type

not

style will

If

you want to protect both the Print Pitch and from software changes, press be two acknowledging beeps.

Pressing these switches during power-up does not prevent you from

making any number

be changed by any commands sent

NLQ

Type Style switch

both

switches during power-up. There

of

changes later from the control panel.

be reset

or

by

software.

NLQ

otherwise changed

Type Style settings

will

Hexadecimal dump: Paper Feed

This feature is useful for programmers who are debugging printing

programs and want to

computers change the codes the programmer intended.)

1.

Holding both the Paper Feed ON. A beep tone will be heard.

2.

Start printing. dump showing exactly what data the printer receives. Each line presents sixteen characters, their hexadecimal codes to the left and printable characters printed

3.

At the end On Line switch. This is necessary to print the last line.

The following BASIC program is a simple test you can run in hexade-

cimal mode:

10

OPEN4.4

20

FOR

30

40

50

22

A$=A$+CHR$(I)

of

I=O

I

J=128

see

the actual codes the printer

In

place

of

on

the right.

the hexadecimal dump, set the printer off-line with the

TO

127

TO

255

and

Print Pitch switches

is

receiving. (Some

and

Print Pitch switches down, turn power

the usual printout you will get a formatted

1

J I I J

j

I

I I I I

I

)

J

60

70

80

90

B$=B$+CHR$(J)

PRINT*4. A$;B$

CLOSE4

:END

You will get a printout like Figure 2-5.

08

09

OA

OB

OC

00

OE

00

10 11 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 AO BO

cn

DO EO FO 00

Figure

01

02

03

04 05 06 07

12 13 14 15 16 17

21

22

23 24 25 26

31

32 33

34 35

41

42

43

51

52

53

61

62 63 64 65

71

72

73

81

82

83

91

92 93 94 95 96 97

Al

A2 A3

Bl

B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7

Cl

C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7

01

02

03

El

E£

E3 E4

Fl

F2 F3

2-5.

Sample hexadecimal dump

36

44

45

46

54 55 56

66 67

74

75

76

84

85 86 87

A4 A5

A6 A7

04 05 06

E5

E6 E7

F4

F5

F6

27 37 47 57

77

07 F7

18 19 28

29 38 39 48

49 58 59 68

69 78

79 88

89 98

99 A8

A9 B8 B9 C8 C9 08 09 E8

E9

F8 F9

lA

lB lC

2A

2B 2C

3A

3B

3C

4A 4B 4C

5A 5B 5C 6A 6B 6C 7A

7B 7C

8A

8B

8C

9A 9B 9C

AA

AB AC

BA

BB

BC

CA

CB

CC

OA

DB DC

EA

EB EC

FA

FB

FC

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 AD BO CO DO ED FO

OF

IE

IF

2E

2F

3E

3F

4E

4F

5E

5F

6E

6F

7E

7F

8E

8F

9E

9F

AE

AF

BE

BF

CE

CF

DE

OF

EE

EF

FE FF

!"#$i(.I!<'

0123456789:;<=>? @ABCOEFGHIJKLMNO

PQRSTUVWXYz[£J

-+1--1 1II-\l1,:X:O&IHill!l'.

()*+,-.I

SWITCH COMBINATION FUNCTIONS

Several additional functions can be obtained by pressing the control

panel switches in combinations.

Reverse micro-feed

Forward micro-feed

I

i

D-POWER

ONUNE

0

COURIER SANSERIF ORATOR

ITALIC

I

0 0

0

10

INLQ

TYPE STYLE

0

o

PICA

o

ELITE

OCONDI

o

PROP

Left margin

Right margin

J

I

PRINT PITCH

rPAPER

I

Paper parking

...

PAPER

FEED

PARK,

I I I I

I

Page feed

(-..

'-'L',,"",

t*"

I

J

Figure

2-6.

Switch combination functions

Top

of

control panel

of

form

23

r

Paper parking: Print Pitch and Paper Feed switches

This procedure feeds the paper backward.

at

the back

moving the release lever to the down position).

Before parking fanfold forms, tear off all but the last page, leaving

(at least three inches less) than a full page showing above the top cover.

1.

Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2.

Press the Print Pitch switch and hold it down.

3.

Press the Paper Feed switch. The paper

Page feed: Paper Feed and On Line switches

If

you are using fanfold forms, it feeds to the top

1.

Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2.

Press the Paper Feed switch and hold it down. The printer

performing successive line feeds.

3.

Still holding the Paper Feed switch down, press the On Line switch, then

release both switches. The printer will smoothly eject the current page.

Top

When you matically set to the current position. of

the page to be, you can change the top-of-form position as follows.

1.

Press the On Line switch

2.

Move the paper to the desired top-of-form position by pressing the Paper

Feed switch,

3.

Press the

4.

Press the On Line switch. The printer

top-of-form position has been set.

of

the printer so that you can switch to single-sheet feeding (by

you are using single sheets, this operation ejects the current page.

of form:

NLQ

Type Style

tum

on

printer power, the top-of-form position

or

by performing a forward or reverse micro-feed.

NLQ

Type Style switch and hold it down.

and

On Line switches

If

this is not where you want the top

to

set the printer off-line.

It

parks the fanfold form

will

be fed

out

backward.

of

the next page.

will

beep to indicate that the

will

is

auto-

les,s

If

start

r

I I I

I

I I I

[

Forward micro-feed: On Line and Paper Feed switches

For

fine alignment, you can feed the paper forward in very small in-

crements as follows:

1.

Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2.

Press the On Line switch again and hold it down.

3.

Press the Paper Feed switch. The paper will start advancing in a series

of

small steps. When you want to stop, release both switches.

24

[

l

l l

l

L

I

]

1

I

)

I

) )

Reverse micro-feed:

You can also

to a higher position on the same page.

Note: With fanfold forms, do

perforation may catch inside the printer.

1.

Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2.

Press the On Line switch again

3.

Press the Print Pitch switch. The paper will start moving backwards in a series

Left margin:

Software almost always provides commands for controlling the margins,

so

you will

necessary, however, you can set the left margin as follows.

1.

Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2.

Press the

3.

Press the Print Pitch switch. The print head will make a short excursion from the left end, then start advancing from left to right in a series steps, each equal to one pica character width (1/10"). When the print head reaches the desired left margin position, release both switches. The printer will beep to indicate

feed

of

small steps. When you want to stop, release both switches.

NLQ

not

usually have to set them from the control panel. When

NLQ

On

Line

and

Print Pitch switches

the paper in small increments in reverse, to return

not

try to return to a previous page. The

and

hold it down.

Type Style and Print Pitch switches

Type Style switch

and

hold it down.

that

the margin has been set.

of

) )

J

I I I J

Right margin:

You can also set the right margin.

1.

Press the

2.

Press the

3.

Press the Paper Feed switch. The print head will travel to the right end of

the carriage, then start advancing from right to left in a series steps. When it reaches the desired right margin position, release switches. The printer will beep to indicate that the margin has been set.

NLQ

Type Style

On

Line switch to set the printer off-line.

NLQ

Type Style switch and hold it down.

and

Paper Feed switches

of

1/10"

both

25

r.

MEMO

r

p

r, r'

r, r

r

[,

I '

r:

[

26

l l

L L

L

l

L

1

I

J

I

J

I

J

I I I

Chapter 3

BASIC PROGRAMMING

FOR THE PRINTER

When you use the printer with commercial software, you can simply follow the instructions in your software manual. When you use the printer as

an

output device for your own BASIC programs, you will need to know

some printer commands and programming techniques. This chapter provides

an introduction. Read Appendix B and your Commodore BASIC Reference

Guide for additional information. The topics covered in this chapter are:

• BASIC statements

• Listing a program

• Coding printer commands

• Printer modes and character sets

• Type style and pitch

• Special effects

• Page formatting

Dot

•

• Downloading characters

• Colour printing

BASIC STATEMENTS

graphics

I

J

The Commodore computer communicates with the printer by treating

it as a statement and assign it a file number. Then you can print data PRINT# printer with a CLOSE statement. The syntax as follows:

OPEN l/n, dn[,sa]

lfn The logical

dn

file.

Before printing, you must open the printer with

statement. When you have finished printing you should close the

of

these three statements

file

number-the

You can select any number from 1 to 255.

number greater than

The printer's device number: 4

is

OFF. In this chapter

3 the device number will always be

127

file

number you assign to the printer.

If

you assign a logical

the printing will be double spaced.

if

DIP

we

will

switch 3

assume

4.

that

is

ON; 5

DIP

switch 3

if

an

by

DIP

OPEN

using the

file

switch

is

ON, so

27

is

If

you connect two printers to your computer, set their DIP switches

so that one has device number 4 and the other has device number

sa The secondary address.

address default character set in the Commodore operating mode: 0 selects the graphics character set; 7 selects the business character set.

is

assumed to be

If

this parameter

O.

The secondary address controls the printer's

is

omitted, the secondary

5.

r

r:

r r

PRINT#ifn[,data ]

/fn The logical

data Numbers, character strings, or variables to

no data, a blank line If

;

after the # sign are ignored.

CLOSE

/fn The same logical

file file

so it

CLOSE statements. Line the same as the device number. The secondary address parameter is omitted, so the graphics character set character strings. Line Line the same line.

you want to continue printing on the same line, place a semicolon

at

the end

data the printer feeds to the beginning

No space is permitted between the word PRINT and the

ifn

The CLOSE statement terminates the connection between the logical number and device number in the number so

Commodore BASIC allows a maximum

is

good practice to close a

Shown below

40

it

ends in a semicolon, so the data in lines

[;]

file

number assigned in the OPEN statement.

be

printed.

is

printed.

of

the data.

can be assigned to another device.

is

If

there

is

no final semicolon, after printing the

of

the next line.

# sign. Spaces

file

number as in the OPEN statement.

OPEN

file

as soon as you have finished using it.

a sample program using the OPEN, PRINT#, and

10

opens the printer with logical

will

be

printed. Lines

30

prints a blank line. Line

statement, freeing the logical

of

ten

files

to

be

open

file

20,

40,

and

50

prints numeric data.

40

and

50

are printed on

If

there are

at

number

60

once,

4,

print

10 OPEN4,4

PRINT:II:4.

20 30

PRINT:II:4

40

PRINT:II:4,

50

PRINT:II:4, PRINT:II:4,

60 70

CLOSE4

80

END

28

"PRINT "THE

SAMPLE"

SQUARE

SQR(1000)

"'BYE"

ROOT

OF

1000

IS";

r

r r

f

I I

L I

I I

I

l

l l

L

~

L

1

I I I

Pf': I NT

THE

:'BYE

60 double spaced because the logical change line set will be used (provided

off-line and pressing the Paper Feed switch. to the program that will do this

The following loop

65

if

you wish.

SAMPLE

SQUARE

If

you change line

to PRINT#144, and change line

To

see

FOR

Similar lines can

ROOT

10

to OPEN

the output you will have to scroll the paper

1=1

TO

OF

1000

10

to

OPEN

4,4,

7 the lower-case letters

DIP

switch 5 is ON).

job

will

do the trick:

10 :PRINT*4

be

added to the other sample programs in this chapter

IS

144,4, change

70

to CLOSE

file

number

for you by printing ten blank lines.

31.6227766

PRINT#4

144,

is

greater than

ofthe

by

If

you like, you can add a line

:NEXT

I

in lines 20 to

the output will be

127.

business character

setting the printer

If

you

I

J

LISTING A PROGRAM

Normally, when given the LIST command the computer displays a program listing on the redirect output from the screen to the printer by opening the printer again, then typing a

CMD

I

CMD lfn

[,

data)

I Ifn The logical

data Variables, character strings,

I I

ginning

Try listing the program currently in memory on the screen. Then type the following sequence printed list:

of

J

OPEN4.4

CMD4

LIST PRINT*4

CLOSE4

CRT

screen.

statement. The syntax

file

number assigned in the

the output.

of

commands and verify that you get an identical

If

you want a printed listing you must

of

the

CMD

statement

OPEN

or

numeric data to be printed

statement.

is:

at

the be-

29

To

redirect

you must send the printer a blank line. command after the LIST command. command is required after the

Program listings are enhanced

if

it

is printed

time instead

CMD4.

in

of

CHR$

output

CMD4,

back

large characters.

type:

(14)

: "PROGRAM

to

the

CRT

To

PRINT#4

if

they have a title,

Try

close the printer, a separate CLOSE4

LISTING":

screen after the

That

is

command.

listing the program again,

CMD

done by the

and

the title is enhanced

CHR$

(15)

command,

PRINT#4

but

this

11

rl

r: r:

r;

CHR$(14) is a command

to double width. CHR$(15) cancels this command width. The printed listing should now look like this:

FnlF<:OGRA

that

.... 1 LIST

causes the printer to expand all characters

and

returns to normal

I U

.......

G

READY.

10

OPEN4,4

20

PRINT#4, "PRINT

30

PRINT#4

40

PF::

I NT#4 , "

50

PRINT#4,

60

PRINT#4, ",.

70

CLOSE4

80

END

THE

SQR(1000)

BYE"

SAMPLE"

SQUAF::E

r.:OOT

OF

1000

IS";

f':EADY.

CMD

can also be used within programs, although this is

If

you use a

required to get back to the

CODING PRINTER COMMANDS

In mands for controlling the printer. A complete list coding can be found in Appendix character codes B,

for example, you will find the command for italics listed as follows:

CMD

statement

CRT

addition to CHR$(14)

in

angle brackets.

in

a program, remember

screen.

and

CHR$(15), there are many other com-

of

B.

The coding

In

the

is

Font

Control section

not

recommended.

that

a blank line is

the commands and their

given by showing decimal

of

Appendix

r:

I;

I:

I

I :

I~

r

(

I L

t:

II

Select

30

italic

characters

<27> <52>

u

1

j

J

)

I

I I I

This means that if you send the printer character code character code you would code this command as CHR$(27); CHR$(52);.

10

REM

52,

it will switch into italic printing.

ITALIC

PRINTING

27

followed

In

a BASIC program

by

20 OPEN4,4 30 PRINT*4, CHR$(27) 40 PRINT*4, "THIS LINE

CLOSE4

50 60

END

TH.TS

convenient to assign it to a string variable. the italic command to a string variable named IT$ and assign the opposite command, which selects non-italic printing, to another string variable named NI$. The non-italic command is illustrates the basic technique.

10

L.TNE

When you use a printer command several times in a program, it is

REM

.TEl

ITALIC

PFUNTED

AND 20 IT$=CHR$(27)+CHR$(52) 30 NI$=CHR$(27)+CHR$(53)

;CHR$(52);

IS

PRINTED

IN

ITlYtLICS

For

<

27

> <

53

NON-ITALIC

:REM :REM

IN

ITALICS"

example, you could assign

>.

The following program

PRINTING

ITALIC

NON-ITALIC

40 OPEN4,4

50 PRINT*4, 60 PRINT*4, 70 PRINT*4, 80 PRINT*4, 90

CLOSE4

NI$; NI$;

IT$;

"USE "TO "WORDS."; NI $

"VARIABLES

:END

";

IT$;

ITALICIZE

SHORTEN

"VARIABLES

INDIVIDUAL

THE

CODING."

";

I I

I

J

j

J

USE

VARIABLES

PRINTER MODES AND CHARACTER SETS

The printer has two operating modes,

several international variations

character sets are available in the Commodore operating mode:

Commodore standard graphics character set Commodore standard business character set Commodore Commodore

TO

SHORTEN

DIN DIN

ITALIC!

THE

of

graphics character set business character set

ZE

INDIVIDUAL WORDSw

CODING.

five

these character sets.

main character sets, and

Four

of

the main

31

In the ASCII operating mode the printer always uses its fifth character

set:

Standard ASCII character set

Tables character sets include a large number letters. The business character sets have lower-case letters but fewer graphic characters. In the by

international characters. The ASCII character set has no graphic char-

acters.

In the business character sets the character codes lower-case letters are reversed from the other character sets. Character codes 65

through sets, but lower-case letters in the business character sets. Character codes 97

through

character sets.

You should select the operating mode and character set you normally

use

with the printer's grams, you can switch to other modes and character sets with the following commands:

To

select Commodore mode: <

To select the ASCII mode and character set:

The set selected by the secondary address in the OPEN statement.

Note that there is no command for differentiating between the Com-

modore standard and

DIP switch

The following program prints the graphics, business, and ASCII character sets, then resets the printer to its command at

the end

changes from being carried over into the next program you run.

of

the character sets are given in Appendix

of

graphics characters but no lower-case

DIN

character sets some graphics characters are replaced

90

print upper-case letters in the graphics and ASCII character

122

print lower-case in ASCII but upper-case in the business

DIP

switches as explained in Chapter

27> < 93

To select the business character set:

To select the graphics character set: <

<

17>

and < 145> commands take precedence over the character

DIN

character sets. This selection must

9.

is < 27> < 64

of

any program that changes the printer setup, to prevent the

> in line

230.

> <

48

>

<

17

>'

145

<

27> < 93

DIP

switch selections. The reset

It

is

a good idea to put this command

>

C.

of

the upper- and

1.

> <

The graphics

Within pro-

49

>

be

made with

r:

I: I:

I :

100 110 120

32

REM FOR FOR

CHARACTER

I=

32

TO

I=160

TO

SETS

127

:A$=A$+CHR$(I)

255 :B$=B$+CHR$(I)

:NEXT :NEXT

I

1

1 '1

')

1

I I

I

J

I

130 OPEN4.4 140

PRINT*4.

150

PRINT=I!:4.

160

PRINT=I!:4. " GRAPHICS

170

PRINT=I!:4.

180

PRINT=I!:4. PRINT=I!:4.

190 200

PRINT=I!:4.

210

PRINT=I!:4.

220

PRINT=I!:4.

230

PRINT=I!:4.

240

CLOSE4

The printout will vary somewhat depending

switches 6 through

COMMODORE

GRAPHICS

"#$)('11<'

!

-'-'11

1.-,,)

BUSINESS

!

"#$)('11<'

P[;IRSTUVWXYZ-ti

1.-,,).

ASCII

!"£$)(.II<'

pqrstuyw"yz

abc:deFghijJ:1mnopqrstuvw>:yz{:J"'"·

CHARACTER SETS CHARACTER SET

()

*+,

,XO"lt-ti

-./01234:56789:;

I"

l!*

CHARACTER

...

"'"

lh"'_~11

CHARACTER SET

()

*+,

-./01234:56789:

I~

h.&

I~."'_~II

()*+,-./01234:56789.;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP[;IRSTUVWXYZ[\]A_'abcde-fghijklmno

{i

>~

CHR$(27);CHR$(93);CHR$(48);

"COMMODORE

CHARACTER CHARACTER

CHR$(145);A$;B$

" BUSINESS

CHARACTER CHR$(17);A$;B$ CHR$(27);CHR$(93);CHR$(49);

"ASCII

CHARACTER A$;B$ CHR$(27);CHR$(64)

:END

8.

In

the

1.-,,)

l!*",

r--....Io

a.-..).~,

r-_

SET

!

"£f;7.&'

U

printout

<=)?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP[;IRSTUVWXYZ[£]I<--+I--I

I~."'_~II

.....

II'

;

<=>?@abcde-fghijklmnopqrstuyw"yz[£]t+-ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO

I~."'_~II

.....

·X

~+,

-.

/0123456789:

shown all these switches are ON.

r--..lo

r-_

: ':=.}?t!!IIBCDEFGHIJF:LI'INDPGRSTUVWXYZl \

SETS" SET"

SET"

:REM

on

.... • ......

+1--1

.....

·"u-ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP[;IRSTUVWXYZ-ti

h

RESET

the settings

"L'.4""""le-'I1

,XO"

of

h

DIP

'-'L'-A""

It-ti

]..

I"

I~

-

...

•

I I I

)

J J J

.J

The character sets are the main difference between the Commodore ASCII operating modes, The expanded

and two modes, for example. Also, the ASCII mode tabulation commands which the Commodore mode does the Commodore mode has 7-bit graphics which the ASCII mode does B.

Aside from the above points, the two operating modes are identical.

In

the international variations

graphics, business, and ASCII characters.are replaced by letters

for a particular language. Tables of

Appendix C.

but

there are a

few

command

condensed printing commands

has

and

reverse printing commands

not

have.

You

can

check the details

of

the character sets, several

of

these replacements are given

differences as well.

work

differently

backspace

and

not

have, while

in

of

and

in

the

horizontal

Appendix

the regular

symbols

at

the

end

33

Ii

You can use the <

character set. Values switches 6 to Sweden. in Appendix C for details. You should select the character set you normally use

with the

changes such as printing foreign symbols

If

you need the angstrom unit symbol, for example, Appendix C shows that it prints as character bracket "]" line

20

set, print character 93, then switch back to the Commodore character set.

Line

30

the angstrom symbol.

10

REM

20

DATA

30

FOR

40

OPEN4,4

50

PRINT:ft:4,

60

CLOSE4"

8;

See

the command description in Appendix B and the character tables '

DIP

of

the usual Commodore character set. In the following program

contains the

reads these data into the string variable

ANGSTROM 27,

1=1

WAVELENGTH

TYPE STYLE AND PITCH

Although you can select the type style and print pitch from the control

panel as explained in Chapter

mands. These commands are useful for changing style

program, and they give you a For

details

The following demonstration program starts

and print pitch commands and their names to array variables, then asks

you to enter a line

your line in

The print pitch commands work slightly differently in the Commodore

and ASCII modes.

tomatically cancel condensed printing, while in ASCII mode they do not.

This program uses the Commodore mode (line

This program begins

E$. The escape code is the first code signing it to a variable saves typing effort. The program ends with the printer reset command

34

of

the commands,

32

different styles and pitches.

27

> <

82

> < n > command to select an international

of

n from 0 through 7 give the same selections as DIP

n = 8 and 9 give alternate character sets for Denmark and

switches and

93

data

for commands to switch to the Swedish character I

For

82,

5,

TO

7

"WAVELENGTH = 5890";A$;"

use < 27

of

the Swedish character set, replacing the right

best results, run this program in NLQ mode.

SYMBOL --SWEDISH

93,

:READ

> <

82

> < n > for temporary I I

or

words.

A$.

This variable then prints I

CHR$(93)

27,

82,

0

X :A$=A$+CHR$(X)

:NEXT

[SODIUM]"

:END

= 5890A

of

text. Using a triple nested loop, the program prints

In

Commodore mode the pica and elite commands au-

by

<

27> < 64

[SODIUM]

2,

you can also select them by printer com-

or

pitch within a

few

options not available on the control panel.

see

Appendix

defining the escape code <

> , coded as E$; CHR$(64).

B.

by

assigning ten type style

290). 27

> as the variable

of

many printer commands, and as-

r1

Ir:I

f:

If

:1

If

II

I

l:

li

L

U

li

lJ

1

)

I I I

I

I I I

I I

J

100

REM

110

E$=CHR$(27)

120

DATA

130

DATA

140

DATA

150

T$(l)=E$+CHR$(107)+CHR$(O)

160

T$(2)=E$+CHR$(107)+CHR$(l)

170

T$

180

T$(4)=E$+CHR$(107)+CHR$(3)

190

DATA

200

DATA

210

P$(1)=E$+CHR$(80)

220

P$(2)=E$+CHR$(77)

230

P$(3)=P$(1)+E$+CHR$(15)

240

P$(4)=P$(2)+E$+CHR$(15)

250

DATA

260

S$(1)=E$+CHR$(112)+CHR$(48)

270

S$(2)=E$+CHR$(112)+CHR$(49)

280

OPEN4,4.7

290

PRINTi4.

300

PRINTi4.

310

INPUT

320

FOR 330 340 350

360

NEXT S :NEXT

370

PRINTi4

380

PRINTi4.

The first eight lines

The word "test printing" were entered as text.

NLQ

PRINT

COURIER. SANSERIF ORATOR ORATOR

(3)

=E$+CHR$ PICA.

CONDENSED

FIXED SPACING,

E$;CHR$(93);CHR$(48); : REM E$;CHR$(120);CHR$(49);

"WHAT

P=l

TO PRINTi4, PRINTi4. PRINTi4.

P

E$;CHR$(64)

DEMONSTRATION

WITH WITH

(107)

ELITE

PICA.

:REM

SHALL I PRINT";L$

4 :FOR

T$(T);P$(P);S$(S);

L$;":

TN$(T);".

T

of

the printout are shown

SMALL

LOWER

+CHR$

CONDENSED

PROPORTIONAL

BUSINESS

T=l

TO

";

";PN$(P);",

:CLOSE4

:REM

CAPS CASE

(2)

4 :FOR

(32

WAYS)

ESCAPE

:READ :READ :

READ

:READ

:READ :READ :READ :READ

:READ :READ

CHARACTER

:END

at

ELITE

SPACING

:REM

S=l

";SN$(S)

actual

TN$(l) TN$(2) TN$ TN$(4)

PN$(l) PN$(2) PN$(3) PN$(4)

SN$(l) SN$(2)

CMDORE

TO

size

CODE

(3)

SET

NLQ

2

below.

J

test

TEST

TEST PRINTING:

test

printing:

PRINTING:

printing:

printing: orator

courier,

courier.

sanserif,

ORATOR

orator

WITH

with

pica.

pica,

WITH

SMALL

with

lower

pica,

proportional

pica,

proportional

fixed

SMALL

CAPS,

lower

spacing

CAPS, PICA,

case,

spacing

PROPORTI

case, pica, proportior

PICA.

pica,

35

SPECIAL EFFECTS

In addition to printing italics and expanding characters to double width,

the printer can underline text, print superscripts and subscripts, print in

or

reverse (white on black), emphasized printing, which thickens vertical lines; and double-strike

printing, which thickens horizontal lines. heavy bolding by using both emphasized and double-strike. letter-quality mode double-strike alone is sufficient; emphasized printing adds no extra effect. Also, elite and condensed printing cannot

or

in either draft

There are commands for selecting the special effects individually;

Appendix B for details. You can assign these commands to variables and use them

sample programs.

bination. This master print mode command can also select the print pitch. The command coding is <

in

The command used

NLQ mode.

the same way as the italic and other commands in the preceding

o to 255. The value

Function Underline

Italic Expanded 32 Proportional 2 Double-strike

For

example,

(64) special effects you can get all this with the single command

<33> the nonselected effects, so the printing will not emphasized, condensed,

samples only the special effects. You may want to run this program twice: once in draft mode, and once in NLQ mode, which you can select from the control panel before the program starts.

Since

<81

we

if

>,

because

have already seen the printer's pitches, the following program

print in boldface. There are two types

In

draft mode you can get very

in

the next program selects special effects in com-

27

> <

33

> < n

>,

where n is a number from

of

n comes from the following table:

n Function

128 64

16

you want elite pitch

81

= 1 +

or

proportional.

Emphasized 8 Condensed 4

Elite 1

(1)

with double-strike

16 + 64.

This command also turns off

be

underlined, expanded,

of

be

emphasized

n

(16)

boldface:

In

near-

see

and italic

<

27

>

r:

ri

rl

fi

I:

II

Ii

I!

(:

t

II

100 110 120 130 140 150 160

36

REM DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA FOR

Nal

SPECIAL

8,

"EMPHASIZED

16.

"DOUBLE-STRIKE"

32.

"EXPANDED"

64.

"ITALIC "

128.

"UNDERLINED

TO 5 :READ

EFFECTS

W(N). SE$(N)

"

:NEXT

II

IJ

U

N

U

II

1

'1

')

j

J

I

I J

I

J

)

J

170 OPEN4.4 180

PRINT=lt:4.

190

FOR

M=8 200 210 220 230 240 250 260

SPECIAL EFFECTS

EMPHASIZED

PRINT=lt:4. FOR

IF M AND NEXT PRINT=lt:4.

PRINT=lt:4.

The first part

DOUBLE-STRIKE EMPHASIZED

EXPANDED

EMPHASIZED

DOUBLE-STRIKE

EMPHABXZED

Here

is

the same printout

double-strike

SPECIAL

is

EFFECTS

EMPHASIZED

DOUBLE-STRIKE EMPHASIZED

EXPANDED EMPHASIZED

DOUBLE-STRiKE EMPHASiZED

The expanded printing command in the preceding program expands the

of

width height there are two commands that

<49>

< n > gives double or quadruple height and width. Details can

in Appendix

the characters

gives double height without changing the width;

B.

"SPECIAL

TO

255

EFFECTS"

STEP

8

CHRS(27};CHRS(33);CHRS(M);

N=l

TO

5

WeN)

THEN

PRINT=lt:4.

N

"PRINTING"

CHRS(27);CHRS(64)

of

the printout looks like this in draft mode:

PRINTING

:CLOSE4

PRINTING

DOUBLE-STRIKE

PRINTING

EXPANDED

DOUBLE-BTRX~

at

near letter quality. Note that in NLQ mode,

preferable to emphasized for bold print.

PRINTING

DOUBLE-STRIKE

PRINTING

EXPANDED

DOUBLE-STRi~

but

does not change their height.

will

give

it to you: <

SES(N);

:END

If

you want extra

27

> <

<27>

PR~

119

< 104>

be

found

>

J

37

100

REM

110

HD$=CHR$(27)+CHR$(119)+CHR$(49)

120

HS$=CHR$(27)+CHR$(l19)+CHR$(48)

130

SD$=CHR$(27)+CHR$(104)+CHR$(1)

140

SQ$=CHR$

150

OPEN4,4

160

PRINT*4,

170

PRINT*4,

180

PRINT*4, HS$;SD$;"DOUBLE

190

PRINT*4, SQ$;"QUAD

200

PRINT*4,

A

DEMONSTRATION

DOUBLE

AND

QUADRUPLE

(27)

+CHR$

"A

DEMONSTRATION

HD$;

CHR$(27);CHR$(64)

"DOUBLE

OF

DOUBLE

(104)

SIZE"

+CHR$

HEIGHT,"

HEIGHT~

HEIGHT

(2)

OF

";

SIZE,

:CLOSE4

n

fl

f!

r:

AND"

:END

DOUBLE

Other special effects include superscripts, subscripts, printing. Samples are shown below. Refer to Appendix B and write a program

in Commodore mode. Reverse printing is

not be continued for more than five consecutive lines.

DEMONSTRATION

SUPERSCRXPT

PAGE FORMATTING

Page formatting means setting the page length, line spacing, and margins.

When you switch power on the page length

DIP

switch

on

If

you print on fanfold forms in this condition, the main problem is that

the printer will print from one page right across the perforations onto the

next page. When you separate the pages you

tending from the top edge to the bottom edge

that were printed on the perforations will be split in half.

3,

8I

that

gives these effects. Reverse printing is available only

AND

the line spacing is 6 lines per inch, and there are no margins.

ZE,

[ilJ_:.1!:l

SUBSCRXPT

...

:;t~~,

AND'

and

see

hard

on the print head, and should

UNDERLINED,

PRINTING.

is

11

or

12

inches depending

will

be left with printing

of

each page, and any lines

reverse

if

you can

ex-

Ii

U

LJ

38

IJ

I

The solution to this problem is set a top margin, but it recommended page formatting procedure

1.

Scroll the paper to the position where you want printing to start

top

of

the page. (If printer power

2.

Tum

power on, or give a page-length setting command such as < 27 >

<

67

> < 0 > < n

the top-of-page position.

switch 3 setting, a page-length command is mandatory.

3.

Set the line spacing. There are a variety

The command used in the sample program below

< n

>,

which sets the line spacing to n/216

4.

Set the total number

command <

5.

Set the left margin with the <

right margin with the

27

>.

> <

is

easier to combine both margins into one. The

Either

If

of

lines

78

> < n > .

<27>

to

set a bottom margin.

is:

is

on, use the Paper Feed switch.)

of

these actions makes the current position

your paper length

of

top and bottom margin as n in the

27

> <

<81>

<n>

is

different from the

of

commands to choose from.

is < 27

of

an

inch.

108

> < n > command

command.

You

can also

at

> <

51

and

the

DIP

>

the

I

I I I I I I I

J

The left and right margins are set in terms

and do not move

text between the margins; the centering command is <

<

27> < 97

or left margin in column title between them.

The program

page and the top and bottom margins, and calculates the line spacing for

If

you. an inch (to keep successive lines from overlapping) and of lets you decide how long a demonstration to print and reminds you to scroll the paper to the top-of-page position.

have a different length, change the value

title lines. Lines

because it command, causing the printer to feed of

100

110

120

130

140

necessary, it adjusts the line spacing to be

an

inch (the maximum allowed by the command used). The program also

This program assumes

The line-feed code [CHR$(lO)] in line

is

the next page.

REM

E$~CHR$(27)

PL%=ll

INPUT INPUT

if

you change the print pitch later. The printer can center

> <

49>.

The demonstration program given next sets the

15

and the right margin in column

is

interactive: it lets you decide the number

that

the page length

of

370

to

400

print text. The text may appear somewhat random

generated by random numbers. Line 410 sends the form feed

out

PAGE

FORMATTING

"HOW

MANY

LINES

"TOP + BOTTOM

DEMONSTRATION

MARGIN

of

the current print pitch

27

> <

97

65

and centers a

of

not

less than 22/216

not

more than 255/216

is

11

inches.

the

PL%

variable in line

340

is a spacer between the two

the last page

:REM :REM

PER

PAGE"; PP

If

and

end

ESCAPE PAGE

LENGTH

your forms

(INCHES)";

> < 1 >

lines per

120.

at

the top

CODE

TB

of

39

150

INPUT

160

LS%=(PL%-TB)*216/PP

170

IF

180

IF

190

MG%=TB*216/LS% 200 PRINT 210 PRINT "PRINTING 220 PRINT "PRESS 230 C=RND(l)

"NUMBER

LS%<22 LS%>255

"SCROLL

THEN

:GET

OF

LS%=22

LS%=255

:REM

PAPER

SHOULD

ANY

K$

LINES

MARGIN TO

KEY

WHEN

:IF

K$=""

TO

PRINT";

:REM

LINE

(NO. POSITION START"

READY"

THEN

NL SPACING

OF

LINES)

WHERE

:PRINT

230 240 250 OPEN4,4 260 PRINT#4, E$;CHR$(67);CHR$(0);CHR$(PL%); 270 PRINT#4, E$;CHR$(51);CHR$(LS%); 280 PRINT#4, E$;CHR$(78);CHR$(MG%); 290 PRINT#4, 300

PRINT#4,

E$;CHR$(108);CHR$(15);

E$;CHR$(81);CHR$(65); 310 320 330 340 350 360 370

380

390

400 410 420

PRINT#4, PRINT:fi:4, PRINT:fi:4, PRINT:fi:4, PRINT#4, FOR

N=5*50 C=INT(60+31*RND(1» PRINT:fi:4,

NEXT PRINT#4, PRINT:fi:4,

E$;CHR$(97);CHR$(1);

"PAGE

FORMATTING CHR$(10);"LINE "216THS

OF

E$;CHR$(97);CHR$(0)

TO

NL*50-1

CHR$(C);

N

CHR$(12); E$;CHR$(64)

AN

:IF

:REM

DEMONSTRATION"

SPACING

IS";LS%;

INCH"

:REM

C<65

:REM

:CLOSE4

L JUSTIFY

THEN

FORM

:END

CENTER

C=32

"

FEED

I:

40

LINE SPACING

H

XCLS

HHPFIC E JAPY SB HJCNI

LLNUHC

NE

RTCWRWJVC

J

DHDUEJNKPU Y FA DY

IDT

SHACYFBAYPVRI

PAGE

FORMATTING

BLR

CQXRJGGTAG

S

IS

40

MM

JHO

JNHMDU

U Y

NBWXZK

DEMONSTRATION

216THS

VSOHWR

ZJPDUXFBDBCOHIHAQPGT

HBOJKIUIMLUIPW

OF

AN

GLR

ARNBLYUVWTQVKC

DNNFNNMFSZ

IWBFAQXRTTVW

INCH

NF

QAP

TGVVTM

AH AIL EH

(:

II II

U

M

LJ

lJ

LJ

1

')

1

J

I

I I

I

J I I

I

Other page-formatting capabilities

alignment, vertical tabulation, and horizontal tabulation. Details can be

B.

For

found in Appendix you must use the ample, makes T$ into a printer command that tabs to column 22.

100

T$=CHR$(16)+122"

DOT GRAPHICS

The graphic characters the printer's graphics capabilities. command for this bit-mapped images.

In the Commodore mode the command sequence

<

255

> <

15

1 to 255. (Ifn

100

REM

110

OPEN4,4

120

PRINT#4,

130

FOR 140 150 160 170 180 190

__

READ PRINT#4,

PRINT#4, NEXT CLOSE4 DATA

:::;:4

<

16>

purpose-and

We

> prints a horizontal bar n dots long, where n can be from

= 0 the bar

BAR

1=1

TO

N

I

:END

34,

horizontal tabulation in the Commodore mode

command. The following code fragment, for ex-

of

the Commodore character sets do

will start with a bar chart.

is

256

dots long). Here is a simple

CHART CHR$(27);CHR$(93);CHR$(48)

6

CHR$(8);CHR$(26);CHR$(N); CHR$(255);CHR$(15);N

57.

75,

of

the printer include right-margin

not

exhaust

It

can also do bar

with a little work you can create arbitrary

93,

120,

charts-th«re

< 8 > <

barchart

183

is

a simple

26

> < n >

program:

I

)

I

J

~1l!lII57

~IIHll75

IIlIIlIllIIIlIIllIIlIlll1UIDlllln.lIllIIlII'.llIllllllllOO __________

Line

120

in this program ensures that the printer

modore mode. (The program will not work in ASCII mode.) The command begins seven-bit graphics printing. The < 26 > < n > < command prints a bar seven dots high and returns from seven-bit graphics printing to character printing.

<)

::::.

l20

1ll!IIIlIlIIl1lll!!lll1lllll

18:::::

is

operating in Com-

n dots long. The <

15>

command

< 8 >

255

>

41

f!

The third code in the command <

to be 255; it can be any number greater than

of

codes give different types with black and white stripes. write a program with a loop

Seven-bit graphics commands can also be used to print arbitrary patterns, and they are compatible with existing Commodore computer software. For

general graphics, however, it is more convenient to use eight-bit graphics, which work in both the Commodore and ASCII modes. "Convenient" does not

imply that general graphics programming

requires time and effort.

Here is how dot graphics can be used to print a large, contoured capital S.

The design

horizontal line every eight rows. Each eight-row strip will

of

pass

In

each strip, a value from 0 to column move up, from 1 for a in the top row.

Figure 3-1. Dot graphics

of

the S is first sketched

the print head.

of

eight dots. The value is the sum

..

bars: bars narrower than seven dots,

To

that

dot

in the bottom row

Weight

128

64

32

16

Dot

data

for

S

26

> < n > <

128

see

what they look like, you may want to

prints all these types

on

graph paper marked with a heavy

255

must be calculated for every vertical

of

8

4

2

0 0 0 0 1 3 7 7 7 15

Figure 3-2. Close-up

~

255

> does not have

and less than

is

easy; on the contrary, it

weights that double as you

the strip to

~

~ ~

g§

~

256.

of

bars.

be

printed by one

128

~ ~

§g:

~

[§§

of

:::a

~

14

start of first strip

Different

~ ~

or

bars

for a dot

~

14

n

f! f!

rJ

r;

The calculated values are entered as data values in the program. The

<

command for printing one strip is

< m2 > ... , where

example) and To

make the strips join, the line spacing must

can be done by the command

42

nl

+ n2 x 256 is the

ml,

m2, ... are the

dot

< 27 > <

27> < 75

dot

data calculated as described above.

65

> <

length

be

set to 8/72

> < 8 > .

nl

of

the strip

> <

of

n2

> < (22

an

ml

>

in this

inch; this

1

]

I

J I

I

100

REM

110

E$=CHR$(27)

120

DIM

130

FOR 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310

320

330 340 350

READ

L$(SP)=L$(SP)+CHR$(M) NEXT OPEN4,4 PRINTi4, FOR

PRINTi4.

PRINT*4, NEXT PRINTi4, DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA

LARGE

L$(4)

SP=l

CL

SP=l

SP

143.

192.192.192.224,224,224.224,240

255.255,255.255.255.127

56.

240,224,224,192.128.

S PRINTED

:REM

TO

4 :FOR

M

:NEXT SP

E$;CHR$(65);CHR$(8);

TO

4 E$;CHR$(75);CHR$(22);CHR$(0); L$(SP)

E$;CHR$(64)

O.

0, 0,

7.

15,

14. 14,

7.

3, 3,

O. O.

3.131,193.241.240.240 O.

0,248,248,240.224,224.112,112

60.255.255.255.255.255

15,

31.

56.

7, 7, 7. 7.

31,

56. 56,

BY

DOT

ESCAPE

CL=l

:CLOSE4 :END

14. 14, 14.

15.

3.129.128.192,192

56.120.120.240

1.

TO

CODE 22

3.

15

0

GRAPHICS

7.

7 7

3.

3

I

I I

J

By

making one change in this program you can print the same data

at

different horizontal densities. Try changing CHR$(75) in line

CHR$(76), CHR$(89), or CHR$(90). This should give the following results:

s

Double density (slow)

<27>

<76>

...

Double density (fast)

<27>

<89>

...

s

Quadruple density

<27> <90>

200

...

to

43

Double and quadruple density but require two and four times as much data, respectively. The high speed in fast double density is attained by skipping every other dot; this mode for debugging use.

give

finer detail than normal density,

is

DOWNLOADING CHARACTERS

When you need a special symbol character sets, you do not have to resort to hand lettering; you can define the symbol and substitute it for a character

is similar to dot graphics.

8 dots high and character representing a car. Note that there are no horizontally adjacent dots. The print head is travels too fast to print adjacent dots in the horizontal

direction.

Figure

3-3.

Car symbol, draft quality

To download and use this character, you should:

1.

Select draft mode (if

<

48>

2.

Copy the printer's regular character set into download character memory

with the

3.

Replace one

< 0 > < n > < n > <

n is the character code,

dot

data.

4.

Select the download character set with the <

command.

11

ml

128

64

• •

32

•

16

•

8

•

4

•

2

Dot

124

data

command.

<

27

> <

of

In

draft mode, a character is defined

dots wide. Figure

m2

mJ

m4 m5 m6 m7 m8 m9

•

0 66 4

the characters with new

64

36

not

already selected) with the <

58

> < 0 > < 0 > < 0 > command.

rnO

> <

mO

is

that

is

of

3-3

shows the dot matrix for a draft

mJO

ml

•

16 2 16

ml

an

12

0

dot

> <

m2

>

attribute byte and

not in any

your choosing. The technique

I

ASCII Code

Descender I SIan column End

mO

data with the <

...

<

mIl>

of

the printer's

by

33

column I I

= Descender x 128

+ (SIan x 16)

+

27

0

End

27

> <

27> < 38

command, where

ml

to

mIl

> <

37

a matrix

120

are the

> <

49

>

44

1

In

the following program the

which has character code 33.

the character is a descender

The

and

car

symbol is substituted for the

attribute

is

11

byte is 139, which specifies

dots wide.

"!"

symbol,

that

)

1

I

I I I I J

100

REM

110

OPEN4,4

120

PRINT*4,

130

PRINT*4,

135

PRINT*4,

140

PRINT*4,

150

PRINT*4,

160

FOR 170 180

PRINT*4, 200

PRINT*4,

210

FOR

220

PRINT*4,

230

DATA

240

DATA

Near-letter-quality characters are printed in two passes up

between the two passes. vertical instead

CAR

SYMBOL CHR$(27);CHR$(120);CHR$(48);

CHR$(27);CHR$(58); CHR$(O);CHR$(O);CHR$(O); CHR$(27);CHR$(38);CHR$(0); CHR$(33);CHR$(33);

1=1

TO

READ X :PRINT*4,

I

CHR$(27);CHR$(37)

"WE

1=1

TO

CHR$(27);CHR$(64);

139,124,

2,

16,

dot of

11

positions.

horizontal

The

qOWNLOAD

12

CHR$(X);

ENCOUNTERED

15 : PRINT*4

0,

66,

of

The

print

dot

positions.

12,

the

can

print

dot

head

0

also

head, the

matrix

travels

PROGRAM

;CHR$(49);

HEAVY

,

"!";

4,

64,

be

downloaded.

paper

therefore has

at

half

(DRAFT)

TRAFFIC "

:NEXT I

:CLOSE4 :END

36,

16

NLQ

characters

scrolling

speed, so there are

16

instead

half a dot

of

8

23

I I

I

J

The

dot

matrix for

black dots are printed

on

the second pass are shown in white too are printed black. the printer

downloading this character is the same as for downloading a except command.

that

cannot

NLQ

an

NLQ

car

symbol is shown in Figure 3-4. The

on

the first pass

In

all there

print

adjacent horizontal dots. The procedure for

mode must be selected by the <

are

of

the

print

in

Figure 3-4, although

46 bytes

of

dot

head.

data. As

27> < 120>

The

dots printed

of

course they

in

draft

mode,

character,

< 49 >

45

First

m/

...

pass

m24

128

64

•

32

16

0 0 0 0 0 0

4

0 0 0

2.

1

Dot data

1~:

14

2nd:

213

Figure 3-4. Car symbol, near letter quality

100

REM

110

OPEN4.4

120

PRINT*4,

130

PRINT*4,

135

PRINT*4,

140

PRINT*4,

150

PRINT*4,

160

FOR

1=1 170 180 190 200' 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280

READ X :PRINT*4, NEXT PRINT*4, PRINT*4, FOR

1=1 PRINT*4. DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA

0

•

~

ro

16

~

CAR

I

128,

124.

~

1 1 0 0 70

14

~

0 0 0

SYMBOL CHR$(27);CHR$(120);CHR$(49);

CHR$(27);CHR$(58); CHR$(O);CHR$(O);CHR$(O); CHR$(27);CHR$(38);CHR$(0); CHR$(33);CHR$(33);

TO

CHR$(27);CHR$(37);CHR$(49);

"WE

TO

CHR$(27);CHR$(64);

0.126.

22,

28.

16. 14,

0

•

0

•

0

•

124 0 64

14, 16.

32.

0

0 0 0 9 9 8 0

38

22 6 6 6

3Z

16

12

~ M ~

47

ENCOUNTERED

15

:PRINT*4,

O.

9,

6,

14.

0,

O. O.

... m23 Second

m46

pass

1

28

64

32

16

0

8

0

•

0 0 0

12

DOWNLOAD

CHR$(X);

"!";

38.

64.

12.

14.

0,

9.

1,

70. 6,

14.

64. O.

ASCII Code

Descender I left Right space: 0

mO

33

space: 0

l:I

Descender x 128

+ (Left x 16) + Right

PROGRAM

HEAVY

TRAFFIC

:NEXT

:CLOSE4

70. 8,

O.

12,

12.

O.

1.

38. 6,

14.

32. 0

(NLQ)

";

I

:END

70

0 0

0

+4

WE

ENCOUNTERED

It

is possible to download consecutive characters with one command.

HEAVY

TRAFFIC

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

See Appendix B for further information.

46

l

LJ

(j

1

'1

I

J

I I

J J

I

J J J

J

COLOUR PRINTING

Last but not least

is

<27>

over each line repeatedly, program

titles and patchwork dot graphics. The variable C$ two codes

a rectangle 8 dots high

tically make a square. The program also includes character size, line spacing,

and margin commands.

100

< 114>

Colour printing usally takes extra time because the printer has to go

is

an example

of

the colour command.

REM

COLOUR 110 S=7 120

DIM

C(S+S) 130 E$=CHR$(27) 140

C$=E$+CHR$(114) 150 SZ$=E$+CHR$(104) 160

SQ$=E$+CHR$(75)+CHR$(14)+CHR$(0) 170

SR$=E$+CHR$(75)+CHR$(14)+CHR$(0)

180

FOR

X=l

we

come to colour printing. The colour command

<n

>,

where n

n Colour n Colour

0 Black 4

1 Red

2

Blue

3 Violet

but

of

what can be done in the way

and

is

a number from 0 to

Yellow

5 Orange

6 Green

the results are worth waiting for. The following

SQ$

is a graphics command that prints

14

dots wide; two such rectangles stacked ver-

PRINTING

TO

:REM :REM

:REM

13

:SQ$=SQ$+CHR$(255)

:REM

PATTERN ESCAPE

COLOUR

CHAR.

6:

of

multicoloured

is

defined as the first

SIZE CODE SIZE

:NEXT

190 SQ$=SQ$+CHR$(O)

FOR

X=l

TO

13

200

: SR$=SR$+CHR$

(254)

:NEXT 210 SR$=SR$+CHR$(O) 220 OPEN4,4 230

PRINT:fI:4, 240 PRINTt4, 250

PRINT:fI:4, 260

PRINT:fI:4, 270 T$=" 280

FOR

X=l

290

PRINT:fI:4, 300

PRINT:fI:4, 310

NEXT 320

PRINT:fI:4

E$;CHR$(65);CHR$(8) E$;CHR$(108);CHR$(20) E$;CHR$(120);CHR$(49); SZ$;CHR$(l)

IMAGE

TO

LEN(T$)

OF

COLOUR"

C$;CHR$(X-(INT(X/7)*7»;

MID$(T$,X,l);

:PRINT:fI:4, SZ$;CHR$(O)

47

330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400

410

420 430 440

450

460 470

The result

printout

FOR

Y=-S

FOR

Z=-S X=ABS(Y)+ABS(Z) C(Z+S)=X-(INT(X/7)*7)

NEXT FOR

X=O

PRINT#4, NEXT PRINT#4 FOR

X=O

PRINT#4, NEXT PRINT#4 NEXT PRINT#4.

is

shown in black

see

the foldout inside the back cover.

TO

S

TO

S

Z

TO

S+S

C$;CHR$(C(X»;SQ$;

X

TO

S+S

C$;CHR$(C(X»;SR$;

X

Y

E$;CHR$(64)

and

:CLOSE4

white below.

:END

For

the actual colour

48

IMAGE

()F

COLC)LJR

1

J

I I

I

J

I

Chapter 4 MAINTENANCE

AND TROUBLESHOOTING

Subjects covered in Chapter 4 include -

• Cleaning the printer

• Replacing the ribbon

• Replacing the print head

• Troubleshooting will

Dust and heat

is

maintenance This

is

covered in greater detail in Chapter

comfortable for humans is best for both the computer and the printer.

CLEANING THE PRINTER

Cleaning the printer regularly will prolong its service life. Use a damp

cloth on the exterior every week

the cloth with alcohol not to spill any liquid into the interior

preventive,

make any mechanism wear more quickly. The best

and

the first step is correct location

1,

but

in general

or

so.

For

stubborn dirt, you may moisten

or

water containing a mild detergent, but be careful

of

the printer.

of

the printer.

an

environment

J

I

J

I I

J

Use a soft brush to remove paper dust and lint from the interior. A small

vacuum cleaner can also make this task easier,

or

bend or injure any electronic parts

electronic parts, so only clean those places where you have easy access.

REPLACING THE RIBBON

The printer uses an endless-type colour ribbon cartridge in which the

is

ribbon

to replace the ribbon cartridge.

release catch toward you with your index finger. Once the ribbon is free of

the print head, the cartridge lifts out easily. the ribbon between the print head and the metal platen guard, then set the cartridge in place on the carriage and press down lightly. The release catch will

recycled automatically. When the print becomes faint, it is time

To remove the old cartridge, take off the top cover and press the ribbon

lock automatically.

See

Figure

wiring. The printer contains delicate

4-1.

but

be very careful

To

fit the new cartridge, guide

not

to

49

Ribbon cartridge

Figure 4-1. Replacing the ribbon

cartridge

REPLACING THE PRINT HEAD

The

dot

matrix print head has a life

of

normal use. When printing is too light even after replacing the ribbon,

you'll know that the print head has reached the end

of

about

200

million dots, or years

of

its service life. To

replace the print head, follow the procedure below.

As you remove the old print head, note carefully how the cable

threaded, so

Caution:

that

you can thread the new cable in the same way.

When replacing the print head, be careful

not

to touch the brass

gear on the carriage.

Warning:

The print head becomes

hot

during operation.

If

you have been

using the printer, wait awhile so that the print head can cool

off.

1.

Tum

power

2.

Remove the top cover and ribbon cartridge.

3.

Move the print head carriage toward the right until you can

OFF

and unplug the power cord.

connector cover. Remove the connector cover and pull the cable free from the connector.

4.

Remove the gear cover by pushing the fulcrums on both sides. At this time, take care not to lose the spring.

S.

Unscrew the two screws that hold the print head in place and set them aside.

see

is

the

so

1

)

]

I I

)

I

6.

Disengage the cable from the tabs holding it down, then remove the print head.

7.

For easy installation the left end

8.

Place the

9.

Thread the tabs on the print head carriage.

of

new

of

the

new

print head, move the carriage toward

the rail.

print head on its support, seating it on the two pins.

cable the same way as the old, securing it under the

I I

I

J

I

J

Figure 4-2. Replacing the print head

10.

Plug the cable into the connector, inserting it as far as

11.

Fasten the print head down with the two screws.

12.

Replace the spring and the gear cover in place.

13.

Move the carriage back toward the right and replace the connector cover. Slide the connector cover to the left until it locks into place.

14.

Replace the ribbon cartridge and top cover, and plug the power cord

in.

back

it

will

go.

51

r

TROUBLESHOOTING

.If

the printer doesn't print:

• Check the Power

• Check

• Make a test print. (Turn power

• If fanfold paper becomes stuck:

•

• Make sure the paper is placed so

• If label

• Have a qualified serviceman remove any label paper that adheres inside

• Avoid using label paper with any exposed adhesive areas.

• If printing is faint, incomplete, or unclear:

• Check that the ribbon cartridge is installed correctly.

• Adjust the printing gap.

•

• If

• Set

• If line spacing is twice

• Set

that

printer ends.

switch down, then turn power ON.) is

not with the printer; try a different printing command, or try using a different cable. serviceman.

Turn

power off, take off the rear cover, remove the paper, and reload

the paper as described in Chapter

paper

the printer.

cartridge is old, replace it.

If

ribbon replacement

replace the print head.

all

text is printed on the

DIP

switch 1 to the

DIP

switch 1 to the

and

On Line indicators. Both must be on.

the interface cable is securely plugged in

OFF,

hold the On Line or Paper Feed

If

the test print succeeds, the problem

If

the test print fails, have the printer checked by a qualified

1.

that

it

feeds into the printer straight.

becomes stuck:

Do

not attempt to remove it yourself.

See

Chapter

or

gap adjustment does not solve the problem,

ON

(back) position.

as

OFF

(front) position.

1.

same

wide as expected:

line:

at

the computer and

If

the ribbon

r r r r

r

I

I I I

I I

1

l

• If you can't print

• This is normal. The printer's paper-out detector detects the end paper and stops printing about

• You can make the printer ignore the paper-out detector by setting DIP switch 2 to the

52

to

the end of the page:

OFF

(front) position.

an

inch above the end.

of

the

l l l l

1

]

1

j

J

I

)

I I I

.If

the printed characters don't match the characters on the

screen:

• Check DIP switches 5 to explained

• Some software If

you

on the keyboard.

• If some printer commands

rectly:

• Check that the setting ployed by your software: ASCII (non-Commodore). Note that the mode can also the <

few

• A emphasized condensed printing.

.If

you have problems with horizontal tabulation:

• Don't change the margins after setting tabs.

• Don't change the print pitch after setting tabs. The physical positions of

the tab stops do not adjust to the new print pitch.

at

the end

is

not able to display international characters on the screen.

use

an international character set you may want to paste labels

27

> <

93

> <

commands are mutually exclusive.

9.

These switches control the character set as

of

Chapter

of

48

> and <

1.

Tables are given in Appendix

are

ignored or executed incor-

DIP switch 5 matches the printing mode em-

ON

(back) for Commodore;

27

> <

93

> <

49

For

example, you cannot get

OFF

be

> commands.

C.

(front) for

changed by

I I J

I

J

• If you have problems with download characters or graphics:

• Use a hex dump to verify the codes the printer is receiving. command descriptions in Appendix

as

commands (such change the values

• Seven-pin graphics can is

selected

the command

by

setting

carriage returns and line feeds) in graphics data,

of

certain codes.

be

printed only in the Commodore mode, which

DIP

switch 5 to the

<27>

<93>

<48>.

B.

Some computers insert unwanted

ON

position

See

the graphics

or

sending the printer

or

53

r

MEMO

r

r r r

r

[

r

L

54

[

l

t

l

l l

l'

L

1

J

I I I

J J

I I I I

Appendix

A

TECHNICAL SPECIFICA TIONS

• Printing Mechanism

Printing method Printing speed

Printing direction

Print head

Ribbon

Paper feed

Paper feed speed

• Interface

Interface Data

buffer

• Switches and Indicators

Power switch Control panel DIP

switches

Serial impact dot matrix

120

characters per second (draft pica)

30

characters per second (NLQ pica)

Draft: bi-directional, logic seeking NLQ

and graphics: unidirectional, logic

seeking 9 Pins

200

Life:

Black/blu~/red/yellow

tridge Life: 1 million draft characters/colour

Friction and push-tractor feed Semiautomatic sheet loading

2.7 inches/second (during page feed)

Commodore serial

I-Line buffer

Rocker switch 4 Membrane switches,

10

pins

million dots

fabric ribbon car-

10

LED

indicators

I

J J

• Colour Printing

Colours

Black, red, blue, violet, yellow, orange, green

55

• Dot Matrix Size

Character matrix

Bit-image graphics

9 x 9 dots (Draft pica)

18 x 23 18 x 18 7 x 18 x 19 18 x 12

18 x 10 7 x 480 dots

8 x 480 dots 8 x 640 dots 7 x 960 dots 8 x 960 dots 8 x 960 dots 8 x 1920 dots sity)

dots (Courier dots (Sanserif pica, elite)

11

dots (Block graphics, pica)

dots (Courier dots (Condensed pica) dots (Condensed elite)

at

60

dpi (Single density)

at

60

dpi (Single density)

at

80

dpi (CRT graphics)

at

120

dpi (Double density)

at

120

dpi (Double density)

at

120

dpi (High speed)

at

240 dpi (Quadruple den-

and

Orator

pica)

elite)

r

I

r

• Character Sets

Commodore character sets .

Standard graphics Standard

DIN

ASCII character set Download characters International character sets

• Type Styles and Pitches

Draft NLQ

business

graphics

business

type styles Draft,

type styles Courier, Sanserif,

Upper-case letters, digits, punctuation symbols, graphic characters Lowerpunctuation and symbols, graphic characters Upper-case letters, international letters, digits, punctuation

characters

Lowertional letters, digits, punctuation

symbols, graphic characters

Standard ASCII characters Max. 192 (draft) 10

mark Sweden II, Italy, Spain)

or these

and

upper-case letters, digits,

and

symbols, graphic

and

upper-case letters, interna-

or

80

(NLQ)

sets (England, USA, Germany, Den-

I,

Denmark

draft

italic

small capitals),

II, France, Sweden I,

Orator

(with lower case

and

italic versions

and

of

I I I I I

I l l

t

l

L

56

L

l

)

I

J

Extra-large characters

Print pitches

Line spacing

Column width

• Paper Specifications

Single sheets

Fanfold paper

of

Number

copies

Double width, double height, double width and height, quadruple width 'and height

Pica (10 cpi) Elite (12 cpi) Condensed pica (17 cpi) Condensed elite (20 cpi) Proportional spacing can be selected for each

of

the above

1/6

inch (standard)

1/8,

n/n,

or

n/216 inch (programmable)

8 inches

80

Pica: Elite: 96 characters Condensed pica: Condensed elite:

140

0.07 to 0.10 mm thick 102

0.07 to 0.10 mm thick (single-ply)

Max. 0.28 Max. 3 (original

characters

to

216

mm (5,5 to 8.5 inches) wide,

to 254 mm

mm

137

characters

160

characters

(4

to

10

inches) wide

thick (3-ply)

+ 2 copies)

J

I

I I I

I

J

• Dimensions and Weight

Dimensions Width 384 mm

Depth 287.5 mm (11.3 inches)

108

kg

(10.3 pounds)

VAC ± 10% VAC ±1O%

V AC ± 10%

or

60

30

W, Max.

megohms between AC power line and

Weight 4.7

• Electrical Specifications

Line voltage

Line frequency Power consumption Insulation resistance

Height

120

220 240 (varies according to the country chase)

50 Typ. 10

chassis

(15.1

mm (4.3 inches)

240

Hz

60

inches)

V AC ± 10%

W

of

pur-

57

Dielectric strength

Withstands 1 between AC power line and chassis for at

least 1 minute

kV

AC rms

at

50

or

• Environmental Requirements

Operating temperature 5 Operating humidity 10% to 80% (no condensation) Storage temperature Storage humidity 10% to 95% (at 40°C) (no condensation)

to

40°C

(41

30

to 65°C (-22

to 104°F)

to 149°F)

60

Hz

r:

• Special Features

Semi-auto loading Paper parking Automatic sheet feeder (option) Panel mode Micro-feed Hexadecimal dump

• Interface Signals

No.

1 SRQ 2 3 ATN

4

5

6

Signal

Name

GND

CLK

DATA4

RESET

Direction

OUT

IN

IN/OUT

IN

Function

Not

used Signal ground Serial Attention In

High:

Data

of

this signal.

Data

transfer mode

In

In/Out

Low: Command transfer mode Serial Clock

The printer begins reading data on the rising edge

Serial

IN:

Conveys commands and data from the computer to the printer OUT: High indicates printer ready; Low indicates printer busy.

Low input initializes the printer to its power-up condition and clears the memory buffer.

fl

r

58

1

I

AppendixB

PRINTER CONTROL COMMANDS

This appendix lists the printer's control commands, grouping them by

of

function and giving a concise description command

is

shown in a format like the following:

each. The coding

of

each

I I I

I

I I I I

I

J

I

J

<

27

> < 93 > <

The numbers in angle brackets are decimal character codes. In a BASIC

program the above command could be coded as follows (see Chapter

Some commands have parameters for which values must be supplied.

These are indicated

Most commands are the same in both the Commodore and ASCII modes,

few

but a "Commodore mode only"

is

listed, it gives the same result as the coding listed first.

OPERATING MODE COMMANDS

I

Select

mode business and graphics character sets, reverse printing, and 7-pin graphics.

I

Select

if

DIP

backspace, and horizontal tabulation.

commands operate in only one mode. This is indicated by a note

A

few

commands have two equivalent forms. When

Commodore

Selects the Commodore operating mode, which is the power-up default

if

DIP

ASCII

Selects the ASCII operating mode, which is the power-up default mode

switch 5

by

italic letters such as

or

operating

switch 5 is ON. This mode enables use

operating

is

OFF. This mode enables use

48

>

n.

"ASCII mode only."

mode

of

3):

an

alternate coding

< 27 > < 93 > < 48 >

of

the Commodore

< 27 > < 93 > < 49 > I

the ASCII character set,

J

59

Ii

COLOUR PRINTING COMMANDS

Select

ribbon is not installed.

Printing

Alternate coding:

Selects the printing colour according

Colour

<40>

n Colour

<40>

<67>

to

the value

<27>

<41>

of

n.

< 114>

<41>

Ignored

o Black

1 Red

Blue

2 3 Violet 4 Yellow 5 Orange 6 Green

FONT CONTROL COMMANDS

I

Select

Type Style switch was pressed during power-up.

I

Select

style command. Ignored

power-up.

draft

quality

Changes from near letter quality to draft quality. Ignored

NLO

characters

Changes from draft quality to near letter quality. The initial NLQ type

is

Courier unless a different style has been selected by a preceding II

characters

if

the NLQ Type Style switch was pressed during

<

27

<27>

> <

< 120>

120

> <

if

<n> <n>

if

a colour

48

>

the NLQ

<49>

I

fl

r:

fl

fl fl

Ii

II

Ii

I :

I

Select

this command remains dormant and takes effect later when NLQ is selected by the command

NLO

type

style.

Selects an NLQ type style according to the value

<27>

< 120>

n Type style

<49>.

<

27

> <

107

of

n.

In draft mode,

> < n > I

o Courier (initial value)

1 Sanserif 2 Orator with small capitals 3 Orator with lower case

if

the

NLQ

This command is ignored

during power-up. 60

Type Style switch was pressed

l'

II

ti

L

LJ LJ

lJ

Select

type

style

<40> <40>

<70>

<41> <41>

<n>

1

I

Changes a type style according to the value

Type Style switch

was

pressed during power-up.

n Type style

of

n.

Ignored

o Courier

1 Sanserif

2

Orator Orator

3

Draft

9

Select

NLQ

Select

upright. Ignored

I

Emphasized

thickness to vertical strokes.

Cancel

italic

characters

Alternate coding:

Causes subsequent characters to be printed in italics. Ignored

Type Style switch was pressed during power-up.

upright

Alternate coding:

Stops italic printing

Causes subsequent draft characters to be emphasized

emphasized

Cancels emphasized printing.

characters

and

if

the NLQ Type Style switch was pressed during power-up.

printing

with small capitals with lower case

<

<40>

<40> <73>

<40>

causes subsequent characters to

<73>

<41>

<

<41>

<27> <69>

by

<27> <70>

if

the

NLQ

27

> <

52

<41>

27

<41>

<1>

if

> <

53

<0>

be

printed

adding extra

>

the

>

I

J

Double-strike

Alternate coding:

Causes subsequent characters to a slight vertical paper motion in between, causing a thickening strokes. and combined use

mode. Double-strike cannot be used with superscripts

For

printing

bold print, use

of

emphasized

<40>

of

double-strike

and

<

<40>

be

double-strike is recommended in draft

<66> <41> <41>

printed in double-strike mode with

is

recommended in NLQ mode,

or

subscripts.

27

> <

of

horizontal

71

>

< 1 >

61

r:

Cancel

Reverse

in pica pitch.

Warning:

Extended printing in this mode will damage the print head.

Cancel

Start

also underlined, derlined.

Stop

double-strike

Alternate coding:

Cancels double-strike printing.

printing

Causes subsequent characters to be printed white

Do

not

use reverse printing for more than five consecutive lines.

reverse

Cancels reverse printing.

underlining

Causes subsequent characters to be underlined. The space character

underlining

Stops underlining.

printing

but

printing

<40>

spaces skipped by horizontal tabulation are not un-

<40>

<

146>

<66>

18>

(Commodore mode only)

<27> <45> <49>

<27>

< 27 > <

<41> <41>

on

a black background

<45>

72

<0>

<48>

>

fl

[1

is

I :

Ii

<

27

> <

83

<27>

> <

Superscript

Causes subsequent characters to be printed

change the character pitch.

I

Subscript

Causes subsequent characters to be printed as subscripts. Does not

change the character pitch.

Cancel

62

superscript

Stops printing superscripts

or

subscript

or

subscripts and returns to normal printing.

as

superscripts. Does

<

27

> <

48

49

<84>

>

not

> I

I

I~

Ii

II

Ii li

t;

LJ

lJ U

1

CHARACTER SET COMMANDS

'1

')

1

I

I I I I

I

Select

and lower-case letters. The business character set can also specifying 7 as a secondary address in program.

I

Select

graphics characters

also be selected by specifying 0 as a secondary address in a BASIC program.

Select

business

Selects the Commodore business character set, which has

graphics character

Selects the Commodore graphics character set, which has additional

international

Selects

an

character

but

no lower-case letters. The graphics character set

character

international character set according

n Character set n Character set

set

<

an

<

set

17>

(Commodore mode only)

OPEN

145>

(Commodore mode only) I

both

be selected by

statement

in

an

<27> <82>

to

the value

in

OPEN

statement

of

o Commodore* 5 Sweden I

1 U.S.A. 6 Italy 2 Germany 7 Spain 3 Denmark I 8 4 France 9 Sweden *

In

the ASCII mode England is selected instead

Commodore character set.

of

The first eight

can

be selected as power-on defaults by

these character sets (from Commodore through Spain)

Denmark

DIP

switches 6

II

to

8.

upper

a BASIC

can

<n>

n.

of

the

I

]

J

Select

a slash.

slash zero

Causes subsequent zero characters

normal

Causes subsequent zero characters to be printed normally (0), without

zero

to

be overprinted with a slash

<27>

<126>

<49>

(.0).

<48>

63

Il

CHARACTER SIZE AND PITCH COMMANDS

I

Pica

pitch

In

ASCII mode, changes from elite to pica pitch densed elite to condensed pica any other pitch to pica during power-up.

I

Elite

pitch

In ASCII mode, changes from pica to elite pitch densed pica to condensed elite any other pitch to elite (12 cpi). Ignored during power-up.

Condensed

Changes from pica to condensed pica

elite

(20

cpi). Ignored

I

Cancel

In ASCII mode, changes from condensed pica to normal pica or from condensed elite to normal elite. Note that in Commodore mode, condensed printing

is

printing

condensed

canceled by selecting pica

(10

if

(17

cpi).

In

Commodore mode, changes from

cpi). Ignored

(20

Alternate coding:

the Print Pitch switch

printing

if

the Print Pitch switch

cpi). In Commodore mode, changes from

if

the Print Pitch switch

(17

or

elite.

< 15> (ASCII mode only)

cpi) or from elite to condensed

was

pressed during power-up.

< 18> (ASCII mode only) I

<27>

(10

cpi) or from con-

was

<27>

(12

cpi) or from con-

was

<

27> < 15

<80>

pressed

<77>

pressed

>

I

Il

r:

If

I

II.

I:

Ii

Expanded

Causes subsequent characters to

Cancel

Stops expanded printing and returns to normal width.

Expanded

Causes subsequent characters in the current line to be expanded to double width. Characters return to normal width after the next line vertical tab < and <

27

64

printing

expanded

printing

11

>,

> <

87

> <

<

27> < 87

Alternate coding: < 14> (Commodore mode only)

be

expanded to double width.

print

Alternate coding:

for

one

line

form feed <

48>

12>

commands also cancel expanded printing.

<

15>

or carriage return <

<

27

> <

(Commodore mode only)

< 14> (ASCII mode only)

13

87 > .<

>.

> <

feed < 10

The <

49

>

48

>

> ,

20

> U

Ii

l~

l;

li

I'

IJ

U

lJ

Cancel

one-line

expanded

printing

<

20

> (ASCII mode only)

')

I

I I

I

Stops one-line expanded printing set with the preceding

<

14>.

Does

not

cancel the <

I

Select

the Print Pitch switch was pressed during power-up.

I

Select

Ignored

I

Select

of n is

proportional

Causes subsequent characters to be proportionally spaced. Ignored

fixed

spacing

Causes subsequent characters to be printed with fixed character spacing.

if

the Print Pitch switch was pressed during power-up.

master

Selects a combined

the sum

print

of

the values given below for the desired characteristics.

Function

Underline

[*

Italic Expanded Double strike Emphasized Condensed Proportional Elite

[*2]

27

> <

87

> <

49>

spacing

mode

mode according to the value

n value

128

1]

[*2]

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

command.

<27>

<27> < 112>

<

27

<112>

> <

of

33

n.

> < n > I

The value

command

<49>

if

<48

> I

I

I I

J

[*1] [*2]

Examples:

Ignored power-up. Ignored er-up.

n = 1 gives elite; n = 9

1)

=

if

the

NLQ

if

the Print Pitch switch was pressed during pow-

(1 + 8)

137

(1

+ 8 + 128) gives underlined emphasized elite.

Type Style switch was pressed during

gives emphasized elite;

65

Select

double

or

quadruple

size

<27>

< 104>

<n>

Selects the size characters align along the cap-line temporarily moving down. Line spacing is temporarily doubled when

1,

5,

or

6 and quadrupled when n =

5, or

6,

set the line spacing to 24/216 (1/9)

51

< 27 > <

one line, lower

> < 24

of

>,

half

on

n Effect

subsequent characters as shown below. Extra-high

of

normal characters, with the base line

n =

2.

To

print correctly when n =

of

an inch with the command

and

print the same characters twice, upper half on

the next.

3,4,

o Normal size

1 Double-high, double-wide 2 Quadruple-high, quadruple-wide 3 Double-high, double-wide (Lower half only) 4 Double-high, double-wide (Upper half only) 5 Quadruple-high, quadruple-wide (Lower half only) 6 Quadruple-high, quadruple-wide (Upper half only)

Print

double-height

Prints subsequent characters

line, and without changing the line spacing. Temporarily cancels

to

normal

and

super/subscript

I

Return

Tenmnates double-height printing

normal height. Resumes super/subscript and condensed printing

modes were in effect before double height was selected.

characters

at

double height without moving the base

condensed printing modes.

height

and

prints subsequent characters

<

27

<27>

> <

< 119>

119

> <

<48>

if

49

these

>

at

r:

rl

fi

r:

I

Select

value

character

Selects a combination

of

n, as below. Does

n Character width Character height

size

<40>

of not

<40>

character height and width according to the

move the base line.

<83>

<41> <41>

<n>

o Single width Single height

I Double width Single height

2 Single width Double height 3 Double width Double height

Double-height characters are always printed Double height printing temporarily cancels the super/subscript and condensed printing modes, but these modes resume when the printer returns to

normal height.

66

at

near letter quality.

I

1

VERTICAL POSITION COMMANDS

'1

')

1

I

]

I I I I I I

I

Set

line

spacing

Sets the distance the paper advances

to

1/8

inch.

I

Set

line

spacing

Sets the distance the paper advances

to

7172

inch.

I

Set

line

spacing

Sets the distance the paper advances

to

1/6 inch.

I

Set

line

spacing

Sets the distance the paper advances

to

n/216 inch, where n is between 1 and

I

Set

line

spacing

Sets the distance the paper advances

to

nl72 inch, where n is between 1 and 255.

I

Line

feed

Prints the current line, feeds the paper to the next line, and moves the

carriage to the left margin.

to

1/8

inch

or

reverses in subsequent line feeds

7/72

inch

or

reverses in subsequent line feeds

1/6

inch

or

reverses in subsequent line feeds

n/216

n/72

inch

or

reverses in subsequent line feeds

255.

inch

or

reverses in subsequent line feeds

See

the preceding commands for the line spacing.

<27>

<27> <51>

<

27

> <

65

> < n > I

<48>

<49>

<50>

<n>

<10>

I

J .J

J

<27>

<27> < 10>

<74>

<n>

67

I

Reverse

Prints the current line, feeds the paper in the reverse direction to the preceding line, and moves the carriage to the left margin. This command is ignored when friction feed is used.

line spacing.

I

Perform

Feeds the paper once by nl216 inches, where n is between 1 and 255 .

Does not move the print position right

line-spacing setting.

line

one

feed

n/216-inch

line

See

the preceding commands for the

feed

or

left. Does not change the

I

Set

page

length

Sets the page length to n lines in the current line spacing, where n is

between I and 255. Changing the line spacing later does not alter the physical page length. The current line becomes the top

margin

I

Set

is

canceled.

page

length

to

n lines

to

n inches

<27> <67>

of

the page, and the bottom

<27> <67>

<0>

<n>

I

Sets the page length to n inches, where n

of

line becomes the top

I

Set

top

margin

Sets the top margin to begins on the nth line no top margin.

I

Set

bottom

Sets the bottom margin to n lines, where n is between 0 and power-up default is when you change the page length.

I

Set

six-line

Sets the bottom margin on the page, the printer automatically feeds to the next page.

Cancel

Cancels both the top margin and the bottom margin.

Form

feed

top

margin

bottom

and

the page, and the bottom margin

(n

-

1)

lines, where n is between 1 and 255. Printing

on

the page. The power-up default is n

0,

giving no bottom margin. The bottom margin is reset

margin

to

six lines. When there are only

bottom

margins

is

between I and

<

27

> <

<27>

Alternate coding: <

is

<27> <79>

32.

The current

canceled.

99

> < n > I

1,

<78>

255.

< 147> I

six

lines left

<

giving

<n>

The

19

>

12>

fi

Feeds the paper page length, and moves the print position

automatic sheet feeder (ASF) is selected (DIP switch command ejects the current page.

I

Return

form. Ignored when friction feed is used. 68

to

top

Feeds the paper backward to the top

to

of

current

the top

of

the next page according to the current

to

the left margin. When the

page

of

the current page

10

is OFF), this

<27> < 12>

of

a fanfold

I

1

Set

vertical

tab

stops

<

27

> <

66

> <

nl

> < n2 >

...

< 0 >

'1

1

I

)

I

I I I I I

I

Cancels all current vertical

at

lines

nl,

n2,

etc., where

of

16

maximum in ascending order; any violation list. Standard termination is by the stops are set in terms spacing is changed later.

I

Vertical

Feeds the paper to the next vertical tab stop

to

the left margin. Performs a line feed power-up. Feeds to the top current line is

HORIZONTAL POSITION COMMANDS

I

Set

left

Sets the left margin current character pitch (pica pitch left margin does not move margin must be within the limits below:

The left margin can also be set from the control panel.

vertical

tab

at

margin

Pica Elite Condensed pica Condensed elite Expanded pica Expanded elite Expanded condensed pica Expanded condensed elite

tab

of

the current line spacing

or

below the last vertical

at

least two columns

tab

stops

and

sets new vertical tab stops

nl,

n2, etc. are numbers between 1 and 255. A

stops can be set. The

of

ascending order terminates the tab stop

< 0 > control code. The vertical

of

the next page

column n (where n is between 0

if

proportional spacing is selected). The

if

the character pitch is changed later. The left

to

tab

and

if

no vertical tabs are set, as

if

vertical tabs are set but the

tab

stop.

the left

o

:=s;; n :=s;;

o

:=s;; n :=s;;

o

:=s;; n :=s;;

o

:=s;; n :=s;;

o

:=s;; n :=s;;

o

:=s;; n :=s;;

o

:=s;; n :=s;;

o

:=s;; n :=s;;

stops must be specified

tab

do

not

move

if

the line

<11 > I

moves the print position

<

27

> <

108

> < n >

and

255) in the

of

the right margin

76

91

130

152

38

45

64

76

and

at

)

I

,j

69

Set

right

margin

<27>

<81>

<n>

Sets the right margin

pitch

if

proportional spacing is currently selected). Column n becomes the m i

last character position in the line. The right margin does

at

column n in the current character pitch (pica

not

move

if

the

character pitch is changed later. The right margin must be within the limits

below:

4

::;;

n

::;;

n

n n

n

n n

::;;

::;; ::;;

::;;

::;; ::;;

::;;

80

96

137 160

40

48

68

80

Pica Elite Condensed pica Condensed elite Expanded pica Expanded elite Expanded condensed pica Expanded condensed elite

5

::;; ::;;

7 8

::;;

2

::;;

3

::;;

4

::;;

4::;; n

The right margin can also be set from the control panel.

Carriage

return

<

13>

Prints the current line and returns the next print position to the left I i

margin.

I

position is

If

DIP

switch 1 is ON, also performs a line feed.

Backspace

< 8 > (ASCII mode only) I

Moves the print position one column to the left. Ignored

at

the left margin. This command can be used to overstrike or

if

the print

combine characters.

Left

justify

Alternate coding: <

< 27 > <

27

> <

97

97>

> <

48

>

< 0 >

Ii

II

r1

Aligns subsequent text with the left margin, leaving the right margin

ragged.

Center

text

Alternate coding: <

<27>

27

<97>

> <

97

> < 1 >

Centers subsequent text between the left and right margins.

Right

justify

Alternate coding: <

< 27 > <

97

27> < 97

> <

> < 2 >

Aligns subsequent text with the right margin, leaving the left margin

ragged.

70

<49>

50

>

Set

horizontal

<27>

tab

<68>

stops

<nl>

<n2>

...

<0>

(ASCII mode only)

1

I

I I

J

I I I I

I

J

Cancels all current horizontal tab stops and sets new tab stops

nl,

n2, etc. in the current character pitch (pica pitch

is

currently selected), where The maximum number must be specified in ascending order; any violation minates the tab stop list. Standard termination is by the To clear all tab stops, use <

tab stops are set every eight columns.

I

Horizontal

Moves the print position

is

no next horizontal tab stop in the current line. Note

is selected, spaces skipped by horizontal tabulation are

I

Absolute

Sets the next print position to edge on the current line. Ignored position. The maximum position

tab

horizontal

o and 479. The "left edge" is

value must include the left margin size.

I

Absolute

Moves the next print position to column

nl

n2

is

current position.

horizontal

between "00" and "99." Ignored

nl,

n2, etc. are numbers between

of

horizontal tab stops allowed is 40. The tab stops

27

> <

68

> < 0

to

the next horizontal tab stop. Ignored

tab

in

tab

inches

(nl

if

this position is to the left

is

8 inches.

not

the same as the left margin. The specified

in

columns

<

x 256 + n2)/60 inches from the left

(nl

nln2

if

this position

if

proportional spacing

of

>.

At

< 9 > (ASCII mode only) I

that

27

> <

16>

x 256 + n2) must

<

16>

from the left edge, where

at

columns

land

255.

ascending order ter-

< 0 > control code.

power-up horizontal

ifthere

when underlining

not

underlined.

<

nl

> < n2 > I

of

the current

be

between

is

<nl>

to

<n2>

the left

of

the

I

J

J J

GRAPHICS COMMANDS

Print

single-density

Prints bit-image graphics image is 8 dots high and inches (480 dots). from 0 to the top and the least significant bit must be end

255

(nl

of

bit-image printing the printer returns automatically to character mode.

<

representing 8 vertical dots, with the most significant bit

+ n2 x

8-bit

graphics

ml

256).

<27>

>,

<75>

at

60

(nl

+ n2 x 256) dots wide. Maximum width is 8

< m2

>,

Dots beyond the right margin are ignored.

<nl>

dots per inch horizontally. The graphic

... are the dot data, each a I-byte value

at

the bottom. The number

<n2>

<ml>

<m2>

of

data bytes

At

...

at

the

71

Print

double-density

8-bit

< 27 > <

graphics

76

> <

nl

> <

n2

> <

ml

> < m2 >

...

Prints bit-image graphics 960 dots wide). information.

Print

double-density,

Prints bit-image graphics 960 dots wide), skipping every second the single-density 8-bit graphics command for other information.

Print

1920 the single-density 8-bit graphics command for other information.

quadruple-density

Prints bit-image graphics

dots wide), skipping every second

Select

Selects one prints bit-image graphics in this mode. See the single-density 8-bit graphics command for information on

nO

See

the single-density 8-bit graphics command for other

graphics

Graphics mode

mode

< 27 > <

of

four graphics modes depending on the value

o Normal-density

1 Double-density 2 Double-density, double-speed 3 Quadruple-density 4

CRT

graphics

at

120

double-speed

<

27

> <

at

120

8-bit

<

27

> <

at

240 dots per inch horizontally (maximum

42

> <

nl,

dots per inch horizontally (maximum

8-bit

graphics

89

> <

nl

> < n2 > <

dots per inch horizontally (maximum

dot

in the horizontal direction.

ml

> < m2 >

graphics

90

> <

nl

> <

n2

> <

ml

> < m2 > ...

dot

in the horizontal direction.

nO> < nl

n2,

ml,

> < n2 > <

m2, ...

(60

dots per inch)

(120

dots per inch)

(120

dots per inch)

(240

dots per inch)

(80

dots per inch)

ml

> < m2 > ...

of

nO,

...

See

and

Print

single-density

<8>

Prints bit-image graphics

is

image

128

72

7 dots high.

to

255

representing 7 vertical dots with the least significant bit

7-bit

graphics

<ml>

Alternate coding: < 8 > <

ml,

<m2>

at

m2, ... are the

...

60

dots per inch horizontally. The graphic

<15>

dot

data, each a I-byte value from

(Commodore mode only)

ml

> < m2 > ... <

(Commodore mode only)

14

at

>

the

1

1 '1

'1

1

~l

1

I

J J J

I

top. The most significant bit must be set to any dot.

The dot data can include control codes, which are executed in the usual way. The line feed code < and feeds the paper successive lines inch when graphics printing The < normal width.

preceding command for other information.

is reversed.

14>

code exits to expanded character printing; the <

If

character codes

Print

double-density

Prints bit-image graphics

Print

reverse

<27>

Prints bit-image graphics

the same as with the < 8 > command except

by

of

dot data. The line spacing reverts automatically to 1/6

<9>

single-density

<18>

Alternate coding: <

10

> returns the print head to the left margin

7/72

of

an

inch, which is the right amount for joining

is

terminated

32

to

127

occur in the dot data they are ignored.

7-bit

graphics

<ml>

Alternate coding: < 9 > <

<ml>

<m2>

at

120

<m2>

27

at

60

7-bit

1,

although it does not represent

by

the <

14>

or < 15>

15>

...

<15>

dots per inch horizontally.

...

<15>

> <

dots per inch horizontally. The result

(Commodore mode only)

ml

> <

m2

(Commodore mode only)

graphics

(Commodore mode only)

18>

<

ml

> < m2 > ... <

(Commodore mode only)

that

black and white are

> ... <

code.

code to

14

>

See

the

14

>

I

J

J J J J

J J

Repeat

Prints the 7-bit dot data horizontal stripes. This command must preceding 7-bit graphics commands.

DOWNLOAD CHARACTER COMMANDS

Copy

Copies all the standard characters to the corresponding download

character RAM area, overwriting any download data already present.

7-bit

graphics

standard

pattern

<

26

m repeatedly n times, forming a pattern

characters

> < n > < m > (Commodore mode only)

be

from

contained within one

ROM

<27>

into

<58>

RAM

<0>

of

<0>

of

the

73

Define

<27> <38>

draft

download

<0>

characters

<nl>

<n2>

<mO>

<ml>

...

<mll>

Defines one

later use. Draft mode must

<

nl

> is the character code

character code 32

and

127

n2. Use

character

<

ascender (positioned entirely above the baseline) or 0 (descending below the baseline). The attribute byte also indicates the amount of to 6), and the width specified by bits 0 to only in proportional spacing.

top dot and the 2 to 9 or descender.

later The parameters are the same as for the draft download character command except that the attribute byte specifies right space instead and the dot density of Dots defined by defined by up half a dot between the two passes.

of

ml

> ... <

The most significant bit

white space to the left

Each data byte indicates eight vertical dots, with the MSB being the

of

the print head, depending on whether the character is

Define

<

Defines one

use.

16

dots vertically and

Select

Selects the download character set.

or

more new draft characters and stores them in RAM for

be

selected before this command

of

the first character defined and < n2 >

of

the last character defined. or both be between character code

is

defined

mll

NLQ

27

> <

NLQ mode must be selected before this command

m24 to m46 are printed on the second pass, the paper being scrolled

download

by

> .

of

the character cell, including this space

3).

LSB

the bottom dot. These correspond to pins 1 to 8 or

download

38

> < 0 > <

or

more new

is

doubled in each direction, so each character consists

ml

to m23 are printed

character

160

and 255.

32

(space) should

an attribute byte <

of

the attribute byte

of

the character

The left space and

characters

nl

> < n2 > <

NLQ

characters and stores them in RAM for

23

dots horizontally and requires

set

nl

and n2 must both be between

nl

must be equal to

be

avoided

mO

> and

is 1 if

if

(0

to 7 dots, specified

cell

width attributes are used

mO

> <

ml

on

the first pass

<27> <37>

is

executed.

or

less than

if

possible. Each

11

data bytes

the character

it

is

a descender

by

(4

to

15

an

ascender

> ... < m46 >

is

executed.

of

character width

46

data bytes.

of

the head. Dots

<49>

is

the

is

an

bits 4

dots,

[I

m:

I;

l;

II II

Select

character set.

74

ROM

Stops using the download character set and returns to the built-in ROM

character

set

<27> <37>

<48>

II U U lJ

1

J

I I

J

I I I

I

MACRO INSTRUCTION COMMANDS

<

27

> <

43

I

Define

instruction. The defined macro instruction consists

the < control command codes except codes.

Execute

OTHER PRINTER CONTROL COMMANDS

Bell

Manual

feeder

Auto

inactive).

macro

Cancels any existing macro instruction and replaces

43>

and < 30

Executes a previously defined macro instruction.

Sounds a brief beep tone from the printer's beeper.

feed

Selects manual sheet feeding even when the optional automatic sheet

is

mounted. Ignored

feed

Selects the automatic sheet feeder. Ignored

instruction

>.

These can

macro

instruction

Alternate coding: <

Alternate coding:

if

<

DIP

of

be

either printable character codes or

30

>,

up to a maximum

<

<27>

40

switch

<40>

> < 40 > <

10

is

<40>

48> < 41> < 41

ON

(ASF inactive).

<

<52> <41>

if

DIP

switch

> ... < 30 >

it

with the defined

the codes between

of

16

27

> <

4~

> < I >

<25>

27

> <

25

> < 4 >

10

is

character

<7>

<0>

>

<41 >

ON

(ASF

J

Eject

paper

Ejects the current page. Ignored

Set

print

Skips n/6 inches

I.

than

Ignored

from

ASF

Alternate coding:

start

position

Alternate coding:

at

the top

if

DIP switch

<40> <40>

if

DIP

on

ASF

<40> <40>

of

the page, where n

10

is

ON

(ASF inactive).

.<

27

> <

25> < 82

<82>

switch

10

<

27

> <

<84> <41> <41>

<41>

is

ON

(ASF inactive).

25

> <

84

is

equal to or greater

>

<41 >

> < n >

<n>

75

Reset

settings to their power-up values. Does not clear the input buffer or change ASF selections made by the preceding commands.

printer

Reinitializes the printer. Clears the one-line print buffer and returns

<27>

<64>

76

1

'1

1

AppendixC

This appendix gives tables

character sets.

CHARACTER SETS

of

the printer's Commodore and ASCII

1

)

I

J I I

J

I I

J

The decimal character code

the lower right

The hexadecimal code can be found by reading the entries and left edges and row

16

+ 1 =

Control codes recognized by this printer are indicated by abbreviations inside pointed brackets

Hexa-

decima

of

the character.

of

the table.

1,

so its hexadecimal character code is 41. This

65)

to decimal

65,

<

of

each character

For

example, the character

the number in the inset.

>.

Character

is

shown in an inset

at

"A"

is

in column 4

is

equivalent (4 x

o

1

2

c

the

to

top

J

Control code

Hexadecimal value

(low order)

Decimal value

77

COMMODORE STANDARD MODE

Graphics character

Bexa-

decimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D E

F

0

ro

<$1 >

II

<$2>

f2

<$3>

ofT"

<$4>

14

<WHT>

Is

<$iT <$7>

"17

!<DISH)

Is

<ENSH>

19

<LF>

[10

<$11>

.f]I

<$f%

<CR>

[l3

<SWLC>

rI4

<$15>

fis

1

<$16>

fi6

<DOWN

Ii?

<REV>

fl8

<HOME>

119

<DEL>

120

<$21>

·121

<$22>

122

<$23>

/23

<$24>

124

<$*

<$26>

-126

<ESC>

[27

I<RED>

-f2g

12

<ROJ-iT;

[29

I<GRN>

-r3i>

I<B~

31

set

I

0[33

"

=11=

$

%

&f38

I

<[40

>[41

*

+

'[44

-/45

°146

1[47

2

f32

[34

[35

[36

[37

[39

f42

143

3

0[48

1

149

2rso

3

[S1

4

[52

5

IS3

6[54

7

IsS

8156

9

157

:rss

'fS9

<f60

=161

>

162

?

0/63

4

@164

A

P

Q

I6S

B[66

C

R

167

Df68

E[69

F[70

G

T

U

v

W

171

Hrn

174

'176

Y

Zf9i)

£rF

1[73

J

KI7S

L

Mrn

N

178

0[79

....

5

rso

181

'fi2

S

f83

184

r"is

[86

187

X

'188

189

[[91

]

/93

tf94

I9S

6

-,

-196

+

I

-

•

[97

198 199

fiOO

-

fWI

-[W2

I

f\03

I

flo4

"'rws

"

"fW6

J

fi07

L

"/108

'/109

"

/

ITiO

r

fill

7

[li2

Ill"

-fli4

•

fli5

I

fil6

rfli7

X

Ili8

0

[li9

..

fl20

I

fi2l

+fl22

+

Il23

•

rt24

I

rm

."

fi26

~

'fl27

78

1 1

1

I

I I I

I

J J

)

Hexa-

decimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

c

D

E

F

8

< $128 >

rrn

<ORNG>

Ii29

<$130>

fl30

<$131>

fi31

< $132:>

fi32

<Fl>

rrn-

<F3>

fi34

<FS>

[135

<F7>

fi36

<F2>

f137

<F4>

f138

<F6>

fl39

<F8>

fI40

<SHRT>

[141

<SWUC>

fi42

<$143>

rI43

9

<BLK>

[l44

<UP>

[l45

:.::

OFF

f146

<CLR>

Ii47

<INST>

fl48

BRN>

rI49

<LRED>

f150

<GRYl>

fl51

<ORY2>

jI52

<LORN>

f153

<LULU>

fl54

<GRY3>

fl55

<PUR>

[Is6

<

LEFT>

rm

YEL>

[l58

<CYN>

fl59

A B

fi60

I

rt6l

>

jI62

-

[l63

-rI64

I

[l65

tili~

fi66

I

fi67

::::.:

fl68

~

f169

I

fUo

..

fI7l

•

rrn-

L

fi73

'fi74

-rus

r

fI76

..J..

rm-

-r

fl7s

;

fl79

I

fl80

I

fl8l

I

f182

-

fl83

-

fl84

-jI85

..J

It86

•

fI87

•

lIS[

.J

rw-

•

It90

..

fI9I

C D E F

...,

fI92

+

fI93

I

jI94

-

fl95

-

fi%

-

fI97

f198

I

Ii99

I

roo

'[201

"

rro

,;

f203

L

[204 [220

"-

f205

/

Iz06

r

f2ii7

f208

•

f209

-f2W

•

rm

I

f2I2

r

f2i3

X

j214

0

[2i5

+

f2i6

I

rm-

•

f2t8

+

f2I9

~

I

f22I

7T'

f222

~

rm-

Iz24

I

rns

[226

-

rm

-rm

I

rm

....

~

;w.;:

rna

I

rm-

::::.:

fill

~

rm-

I

f234

..

rm

•

f236

L

rm

'rns

-rm

r

Iz40

..J..

rz4l

-r

f242

;

Iz43

I

f244

I

rw-

•

j246

-

f247

-

f248

-[249

..J

f2sO

•

f2sl

•

f2s2

.J

f2s3

•

f2s4

7T'

f2s5

J

79

r

Business character set

Hexa-

decima

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E F

0 1

<$16>

ro

<$1 >

<$2>

<$3>

<$4>

<WHT>

<$1T

<$7>

I<

<ENSH>

<LF>

<$11 >

<DOWN

11

<REV>

12

<HOME~

.1""3

<DEL>

14

<$21>

Is

<$22>

<$23>

.t"7

DlSH~

<$24>

Is

<$2r¥s-

19

<$26>

[10

<ESC>

·ru

I<

<$}%

<CR>

<SWLC>

<$15>

RED

12

<RGHT

113

I<G~

f\4

I<BWf

tIs

rI6

I

[l7

'\33

"

rIB

:II:

Ii9

$

!20

%

[2I

-(22

&[38

I

[23 [39

<140

[24

)[41

25

*

-rz6

+[43

[27

>

-[28

'144

-[45

[29

'146

30

/147

31

2

f32

\34 f35

136

f37

[42

3 4

0[48

1

[49

2

IsO

3

[51

4

!52

5

[53

6154

7

rss

8156

9

[57

:rss

;[59

<[60

=[61

>

[62

?

'[63

@164

a

f65

br66

c s

f67

d

168

e

169

fl70

g

171

h

'[72

i[73

j[74

k

'175

1

[76

m

'rn

n

[78

0

179

5

PfSo

q

[81

r

\s2

.183

tl84

u

[85

v

[86

w

[87

x

rss

Y[89

Z[90

{

191

£

'192

]

f93

't

[94

~

[95

6

-I%"

A

[97

B

[98

C

[99

D

[100

E

ItO!

F

fi02

GfI03

H

[104

I

fiOs

J

[106

K

'[To?

L

rws

M

'flo9

N

roo

0

fIiI

7

p

fli2

Q

rm-

R

'f\i4

S

rru

T

rIi6

U

rtI7

V

filS

WIIi9

X[l2O

Y

[l21

Z

'fi22

+

[U3

M.

[124

124

I

fl25

X

'[1z6

~fT27

127

r r

r

r r

r

I

•

l l l

l

80

l

1

1 1 1

OJ

)

I

I I

I

J

]

Hexa-

decima

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

c

D

E

F

8

<$128>

f128

<ORNG>

Jrn

<$130>

fl30

<$131 >

J"i3[

<$132

fl32

<Fl>

\l33

<F3>

fi34

<F5>

fI3s

<F7>

fi36

<F2>

0f137

<F4>

fi38

<F6>

It39

<F8>

fi40

<SHRT>

fi41

<SWUC>

fi42

1<$143>

fi43

9 A

<BLK>

[l44

<UP>

fl45

[<OFF>

-

fi46

I<CLR> -

7

J!4

<INST>

J!48

i<BRN>

fi49

<LRED>

<GRYI>

l*il

fiSO

rrn-

<GRY2>

ItS2

<LGRN>

fl53

<

LDLU

>

fl54

<GRY3>

fi55

<PUR>

ItS6

<LEFT>

fi57 fi13

YEL>

fiSs

<CYN>

fi59

B C

rm

Ji79

~

fi8l

I

"\182

Il83

f184

iI86

•

1188

[i89

[190

191

-[i92

A

B

C S

D E

F

G

HfiiO

I

Jroo-

K

Ljw4

M 1

NI206

°1207

rfi76

f160

f16l

~

[i63

...1..

T~

;

1

I

•

-~

1

fi6S

[l66

-

1

fi67

1

169

-

-fiBS

v

Mlf168

~fl69

rrro

I-

[l7l

.f187

-rrn

L

,

-fi75

.J

•

fI74

"f19l

D

P[208

Qfij9

[193

R

fI94

~

ili6

~

[2i""[

T

f2tI

u

'rm

fl98

fi99

fill

V

f2i4

W

f2iS

X -

f2i6

Y

roo

f2t7

Z

f2i8

+

0j203

"f205

rw

~

[2il

[221

Xf222

~rm

E

rf240

1224

[225

.[227""

1

..L

T

;

J~

1

B¥

I

•

-

•

-[226

-

-~

11229

l*il[230

f231

1Wf232

~rm-

,

233

1[234

I-

1235

-[236

L

.[237

-f249

vl2sO

.12sl

•

.J

•

f238

-1239

X

F

f24J

rro

1245

1246

f247

f248

[2s2

~

/2s4

Illi

J

81

r

COMMODORE DIN MODE

Graphics character set

Hexa-

decimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

c

D

E

F

0 1 2

<$16>

ro

<$1

II

<$2>

\2

<$3>

13

<$4>

14

<WHT>

Is

<$6>

16

<$7>

1'7

<DISH>

Is

<ENSH>

19

<LF>

rw

<

$'11

fl1

<$12>

fl2

<CR>

ru

<SWLC>

fl4

<$15>

115

>

<DOWN

<REV>

<HOME>

<DEL>

<$21

<$22>

<$23>

<$24>

<$25>

<$26>

<ESC>

I<RED>

<RGHT

<GRN>

<BUL>

Ii6

fi7 fI8

[19 [35

rw

f21

[22 [23

f24

f25

[26 [27

/28

[29 [45

f30

[3l

=It:

$

>

%

&

)

*

+

-

1f47

132

I

·133

"

[34

136 137

[38

I

139

<[40

f4l

[42

[43

'[44

.f46

3

0

1

[48

Sf64

A

149

2

3

B

[50

C

151

4

[52 D [68

5

6

E

[53

F

Is4

7

8

G

[55

H

f56

9

I

f57

.f58

'f59

<[60

=[61

>

?

.[63

J

K

L

M

N

162

0

4 5

P

rso

Q

[65 [66 [67

[69

f70

[7l W [87

.[72

[73

[74 [75

f76

[77 ] [93

178

[79

lsi

R

\s2

s

rsJ

T

Is4

U

rss

V

[86

X

[88

Y

_[F"

2[90

[

f9l

\

[92

t

f94

-[95

6

~

f96

""II1II

j97

-

[98

-f99

•

fTOO

•

ru»

~

[\02

J

fW3

•

fW4

I

~

I

fW6

"-

fi07

L

rws

/

fIo9

-

Iilo

r

fIIl

7

I

rill

,..

!ill

r[li4

•

filS

....

fil6

I

rm

-

JlI[

•

[li9

-[120

-flzI

I

fl22

~

rm

-I

fi24

i*ii

rus

'IT"

fi26

-rm-

r

r r

[

r

I

I I

I

i l

L

L l

L

82

L L

1

1 1 1

1

)

I

)

I I I

I

J

)

Hexa-

decimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

8

<$128>

rus

<ORNG>

rrn-

<$130>

ruo

<$131 >

rrn

<$132

[ill

<Fl

>

fill

<F3>

rI34

<FS>

fi35

<F7>

rt36

<F2>

[l37

<F4>

rus

<F6>

fl39

<F8>

\I4O

<SHRT>

fi4l

<swuC>

fi42

<$143>

f143

9 A

<BLK>

[144

<UP>

fi45

r:;OFF>

fi46

<CLR'

fi47

,

<INST>

fi48

,BRN'

It49

<LRED>

lTI[

<GRYI>

rw

<GRY2>

flS2

< LGRN >

fill

<LDLU>

fl54

<GRY3>

fi55

<PUR>

f156

<LEFT>

jI57

YEL>

[lS8

<CYN>

~

fI60

I

fi6l

L

fi62

...l..

fl63

.J

fl64

..

fl65

-~

;

[l67

r

fl68

"'T"

fi69

'fI7O +

rrn-

e

fi72

£

fI73

e

.[114

I

rrn-

B C

@

f176

/.l.

rrn

a

/178

U

'[179

a

[IsO

@

rm-

i

/I82

0

[ls3

Q

f184

-{

fi8S

l:

'fi86

A

'[\87

(j

fiBS

U

fI89

13

[l9O

A

fi9l

rm

-,

,..

S

"III

"fi93

-

-rI95

-fi%

rJ94

"'f2l2

t"j2W

•

• I

rm

....

-~

J

I

"-

L

/

-

r

•

rm

•

-

'f200

-rm

[201

I

f2ii2 • f2t8

..

.[203

-'

f204

ill

rws

[206

""/m

[207

-rm

D

'[208

[209

rID

[2t4

I2I5 f2i6

f2t9

rno-

WI

E

[2i4

I

f225

L

f226

...L.

rm

.J

f228

..

f229

[230

;

[23l

r

[232

"'T"

f233

,

[234

+

[ill

e

f236

£

f237

e

rns

I

rm

F

@

f240

/.l.

f24I

a

.[242

U

/243

a

[244

@

1245

il246

~

[247

Qf248

-{

[249

l:

[2sO

A

[2s\

(j

f2s2

U

[2s3

13

f2s4

'fr

[2s5

J

83

r

Business character set

Hexa-

decima

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A B

C

D E

F

0

10

<$1

[""I

<$2>

t2

<$3>

.[""3

<$4>

14

<WHT>

is

<$1--T

<$7>

'17

!<DISH:>

Is

<ENSH>

19

<LF>

rIO

<$*

<$f% <CR>

fl3

<SWLC>

Ii4

<$15>

m-

1

<$16>

rI6

<DOWN

>

Ii?

<REV>

[l8

<HOME

[l9

<DEL>

[20

<$21>

[2l

<$22>

fz2

<$23>

In

<$24>

[24

<$25>

125

<$26>

-(26-

<ESC>

[27

11

!<RED>

-~

12

<RG~

!<G~

30

I<B~

31

%

&[38

-[45

1[47

2

[32

I

.[33

..

!34

=It:

135

$

[36

[37

I

f39

([40

)

[41

*

[42

+r;i3

'[44

·146

3 4

0[48 1

[49

2

[SO

3

[Sl

4

/52

5

[53

6154

7

rss

8156

9

[57

:rss

;[59

<[60

=[61

>

[62

?

.[63

Sf64

a

[65

b[66

c

167

d[68

e u

l69

f[70

g

[71

h

rn

if73

j\14

k

1'75

1

f76

m

[77

n

[78

0

[79

5

p

ISO

q[81

r

!82

s

[83

t[84

[85

v [86

WI87

x

rss

Y[89 Z[90

[

[9l

\

f92

)

/93

t[94

-195

6

-

f96

A

·197

B

[98

C[99

D

fIOO

E

'fiOI

Ffi02

G

flo3

H

'rIM

I

rws

Jfii)6

K

"flO7

L

'rJ08

M

'[109

N

'fIiO

0

'flil

7

p

fli2

Q

'11i3

R

'fli4

S

rus

T

Iti6

U

[1i7

V

rus

WITi9

X

fI20

Y

rrn

ZIU2

A

fU3

0

fU4

U

fl25

'Il"f126

-fl27

r

r:

r

f"

r

r r

~

I

[

I I

~

l

L L

84

L

1

1 1

1

J

I I I

I I

I

)

I

J

J J

Hexa-

decima

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

8

<$128>

rus

<ORNG>

[l29

<$130>

fDo

<$131>

rm-

<$132'

rrn

<Fl

>

fl33

<F3>

fi34

<FS>

fi35

<F7>

jI36

<F2>

fl37

<F4>

fi3s

<F6>

fi39

<F8>

fi40

<SHRT>

Ii4l

<SWUC>

Fz

<$143>

rI43

9 A

<BLK>

[144

<UP>

.[145

<OFF>

fi46

<CLR'

Ii47

<INST>

[E[

BRN'

fl49

<LRED>

IlsO

<GRYI>

Ii5I

<GRY2>

iI52

<LGRN>

fi53

<LULU>

rts4

<GRY3>

fls5

~PUR>

Ji~

<LEFT>

fI57

YEL>

Ii58

<CYN>

rT59

~

I

fi6[

L-

fi62

-L

~

oJ

~

I-

It65

-jI66

-I

fi67

rf168

'fi69

'fi70

+

rm-

e

rrn

£

fi73

e

rI74

I

fill

B

@

r176"

/..L

fl77::

a.

fl78

U

I"i2[

Ii

~

rrn

i F

fI82

0

fi83

Q H

'fi84

-I

fl85

l:

It86

B.fl87

0

'1!s8

U

'fi89

B

It90 N f206

A

fi9l

C D E F

S

f192

A

fI93

B

fI94

C

-~

D

fi%

E

'rm-

fl98

G

rm

[200

I

[201

J

[202

K

.[203

L

[204

M

rws

0

f207

P

rws

Q

f209

R

[2tO

S

JEI

T

f2t2

U

'[2i3

V

f2i4

W

f2I5

X

'rm

Y

[2I7

Z

.f2t8

A

[2I9

0f220

U

Iz2I

'!r[222

-rm-

iz24 @ Iz40

I

L-

-L

oJ

I-

-I

[lli

[ll6

~

[228 [229

[230

Iz3l

f..L[24l

a

[242

U

_[243

Ii

fl¥

~

rw

i

[246

0

rw

r Q

f232

"T

rm

,

[234

+

fill

e

[236

£ U

rm

e

rns

I

rm

f248

-I

Iz49

l:

rzso

B.

Iz5I

0

rm-

rm

e

j254

'!r

rm-

J

85

ASCII CHARACTER SET

Hexa-

decimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

0 1 2

<$\6>

<DOWN~

>

<REV>

<HOME>

<DEL>

>

I<RED>

<RGHT>

I<GRN>

I<

[I6 [17

[18

fl9

rw

<$21

'f2!

<$22>

[22

<$23>

[23

<$24>

Iz4

<$25>

[25

<$26>

[26

<ESC>

[27

f28

[29

f30

BUL::

[31

r-<r

<$1

II

<$2>

Iz

<$3>

tJ

<$4>

14

<WHT>

Is

<$6>

16

<$7>

17

I<msH

Is

<ENSH>

19

<LF>

flO

<$11

~

<$12>

[12

<CR>

fl3

<SWLC>

Ii4

<$15>

ns

>

-~

I

_[33

"

II

J]4

£

f35

$

f36

%

li

&[38

,

f39

<[40

)[41

*

[42

+

[43

'144

-[45

"146

1[47

3 4 5

°148

1

2f50

3 C

4

5

@f64

A

f49

/51

[52 [68

[65

B

166

[67

D

E U

[53 [69

[55

[56

f57

[62

F

[70

G

[7l

H

'[72

I

173

J

!74

K

[75

L

'176

M

[77

Nf7s

0

f79

6[54

7

8

9

:[58

;[59

<160

=[61

>

?

"[63

p

[80

Q

lsi

R

[82

S

[83

T[84

[85

V

[86

W

[87

X h

'[88

Y

[89

Z[90

[

[9l

\

f92

] m

[93

~

f94

-[95

6

~

f%

a

[97

b

[98

Cf99

d t

rwo

e

~

f

fI02

g

flo3

'flO!

i

fi05

j

fIo6

k

flo7

1

fIo8

'fiOO

n

roo

0

[IiI

7

Pfli2 qf1i3

rfi14

s

[ill

Ji}6

UJIiI

Vf1i8

w

fil9

Xruo

Yrw-

z

rm

{rm-

,

'fi24

}

@I

~

li

86

1

1 1 1

1

I I

I

I I

]

I

J

)

I

Hexa-

decimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

8 9

$128

<BLK>

>

<

Il28

<ORNG>

<UP>

fl29

<$130>

!<

OFF

-mo

131

$132)

-~

>

rm-

fo4

<CLR>

<INST>

BRN>

<LRED>

<GRYI>

<$1~

<

<Fl

<F3>

<F5>

·rm

<F7>

<F2>

<F4>

<F6>

<GRY2>

.tG6

<LGRN>

Frr7

<LBLU>

·rOs

<GRY3>

·rrn

<Fffio

<

<swuC>

l<$lrM

!<PUR>

140

SIiRT> < LEFT>

rI41

YEL>

[l4z

<CYN>

.rt9

143

fI44

-[l45

>

.1i46

fl47

[148

rI49

fi50

fl5l

fill

f1s4

rts5

-~

rI57

rtsS

A

fi60

,

'1\6l

"

fi6z

£

[163

$1164

.%

fl65

&

fl66

,

fi67

(

It68

)rt69

*

rno

+fi7I

'rI72

-f)73

'fl74

/

fl75

B

0

@

fi76

1

A

1177

2

B

rm-

3 C

fI79

4

5

6

7fl83

8

9rtSS

:f186

:fi87

(

-1\89

>

?

'fI9l

D

fI80

E

rI8l

F

rI82

Gfi99

H

fi84

I

J K L

rI8s

M

N

rt90

0

C

fI92

fi93 fi94

rJ95

It% fi97

fl98

f200

.f2oI

f202

rm

f204

[205

j206

f207

D

p

[208

0[209

R

[2tO

S

f2iI

T

rm

U

rID

V

[2i4

W

[2I5

X

[2t6

Y

!ill

Z

f2I8

{

f2I9

\

f220

J

In1

~

1m

-rm-

E

,

1224

af22S

b

[226

c

rm

d

[228

e

[229

f

[230

g[23l

h

rm

irm

j

Iz34

k

iz35

1

[236

m

[237

nf238

0

f239

F

p

[240

ql24l

r

[242

S

[243

t

[244

u

f245

v

f246

W[247

X

j248

Y[249

z

f2sO

{[2sl

,

'[252

}

fill

~

[2s4

fill

J J

J

87

II

INTERNATIONAL CHARACTER SETS

When

an

international character set is selected

or

by

a command from software, the following changes are made

character set:

Commodore

Country 35 Commodore

U.S.A Germany Denmark 1

France

Sweden 1 Italy Spain Denmark 2 Sweden 2

Commodore

standard

36

...

$

:II:

$ S

:II:

$

:II:

...

$ a

II

:II: :II:

$ $

R

$

:II:

II

:II:

standard

graphics

64

91

@ [ @

@

~

@ @

@

~

92 93

[

A

IE

0

A 0

0

i

JE.

A

character

£

1

]

\

U

0 0

A

S

~

A

e

\

R

l.

0

A

0 A

business character

by

set

DIP

switches 6

in

to

the

Il

8

fl

Ii

rl

r!

Country Commodore

U.S.A

Germany Denmark 1 France Sweden 1 Italy Spain Denmark 2 Sweden 2

88

35 36

...

$ $

:II:

$

:II:

$

:II:

$ a

:II:

II

:II:

$

:II:

$

R

$

:II:

II

:II:

64

@ @ [

S

@

E

@ @ @

~

92 93

~1

[

A

ae

•

a 0

0

i

JE.

A

£

]

\

0 U

a

9S

s

~

a

\

R

0 A

123 124 125 126

219 220

]

e

l,

+

{

a

IE

e

A

a

..

oe

~

I I

0

0 A

u e

0 A U

0

n

9S

a 0

221

I X

}

u

e

}

a a

222

,.,

B

,.,

..

:t

,., ,.,

u

l:

II

lJ

LJ

1

1 Commodore DIN

I

I I I I

I I I

J

Country Commodore U.S.A Germany Denmark 1

France Sweden 1 Italy Spain Denmark 2 Sweden 2

Commodore DIN

Country Commodore

U.S.A Germany Denmark 1 France Sweden 1 Italy Spain Denmark 2

Sweden 2

35 36 64

'*' '*' '*' '*'

'*' '*' '*'

Ii

'*' '*'

35 36

'*'

'*' '*' '*'

'*'

Ii

'*'

:fI:

graphics

§

$

@ [

$

§

$

@

$

$ a

11

E

@

$

@

$

@

$

11

E

business

64 91 92

§

$

@ [

$

§

$

@

$

a

$

11

E a 0

@

$

@

$

@

$

11

E A

character

91

92

r \

\

A

0 0

JE

Q

c

A 0

0

\

i

tit

JE

0

A

0

character

[

\

A

0

ce

9.1

0

c

0

\

tit

I

JE

0 0

set

93

J

]

U

A

§

A

e

L

A A

set

123

93

219

]

J

U

A

§

A

e a

L

A

ce

A

124

220 221 222

0

A

I

{

I

a

0

JE:

0 A

e

u

A

0

..

ft

9.1

a

0 A

125 126

.".

U

~

}

li

~

..

e

li

A

e

i

~

}

~

A

li

J

89

ASCII

character

set

Country England U.S.A

Germany Denmark 1 France Sweden 1 Italy Spain

Denmark 2 Sweden 2

35

36 64 91 92

£ $

*

R

*

@

$

§

$

@

$

$ a

n

$ $ $

n

J::

@

J:: J::

[

A 0

IE

0

A

0

i &

1£ 1£

0

0 0

\

9

\

93

U

A

§

A

e

l.

A

*

See page

The

<27> In The

16

for the

command

<82>

BASIC: CHR$(27); CHR$(82); CHR$(n)

values

of

DIP

switch settings.

for selecting the international character sets

<n>

n are:

94

96 123 124

,

~

]

,

~

]

,

~

,

~

,

~

U

e a

~

u

...

~

e

U

A U e

I

{

I

{

I

0

a

ae

9.1

e u

0

a

..

f\.

ae

9.1

ae

9.1

125 126

~

}

-

ti

B

-

~

..

e

A

ti

e

i

}

-

A

ti

~

ti

is:

o Commodore*

1 U.S.A 2 Germany 3

Denmark

4 France

England

*

90

I

in

ASCII operating

5 Sweden I

6 Italy

7 Spain 8

Denmark

9 Sweden

mode

II

li

lJ

U

lJ

Star Micronics Rainbow NX-1000C User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual