Star Micronics NX-I 00011 User Manual

MU

NX-I 00011

8082
0340

.

,

,—

,

MULTI-FONT

1

.—

—

NX-I 00011

USERSMANUAL

I

I -

NOT INTENDED FOR SALE

i ‘-

L

Federal CommunicationsCommission

Radio FrequencyInterfareneaStatement

llrisqoiprnemgeneratesandusesradiofreqoeneyenergyandifrtotinsttdledandused prcperly,that

is, in strict aCco&nce with the marmfauorer)sinstructions,may cause intesfersstceto radio and
televiaionreceptim.Ithasbeentypeteated andformaltocutr ly withtbelimits fora ~ss B computing
devicein accordan
toprovidereasonablepmtrAoo
is no gUamnteethatintorfarertce

interferatcetoradioortdeviaim’rccqiqto which,c+nbe dqterminrdbytumin ~ quipnem off ~d

q the useris atcouragedto trytoeorrec

● Reorientthe reedingantenna

● Re.krMtetheeanpotetorprinterwithrqt?ettoti”mceiver

● Movethecomputerorprinterawayfmm the receiver

● Plugthemnrputerorprirrterirrtoadiffercntoutletsothatitandthere&veramorrdifferuttbrartch

Circuits.

If necessary,the

additiortalsuggestions.‘llteuaermayfindthefollowingbookle~
tionsCarrmi

bookktis

wt4attl-tM345-4.

ForcompliarrcewiththeFederalNoiseInterferertceStandard,thisquipmertttequiresashieldedcable.

Theabove siaterneti applies only to printers marketed

ce with the

usershouldmrtsrdtthedakr oranexperiencedrsdiohekvisiorrteduticiertfor

askerhelpful:

availablefromthe U.S. Ggwwmmmt.Priotiog-Offiae,Wasbirrg@rt,D.C..m. SUXJCNo.

specifiatiesrs in Su

%@?@- ;

Willrtotmxtrrmaparticrdariostallaticat.If thisquipment doescause

aA2t?A?2F2z2L?2&:::’E:

t the,@terfemarceby one or imoreof e fokwrng measures:

,.

“How to Identify and RCSC4W

Rxw2L%R5%&%YG

intheUSA.

—

.

—

—

—

The CanadianDepartmentof Communkations

Radio InterferenceRegulations

%’%%’&%dioInterferutce RegulatiomoftheCans&n _%%m&-9E%.~”us

b#-ta~mdnmtriquenThetps debruitsrsdio&ctriques d@traaarttleslirnitesapplicablesaux
appare~ ~&i

perlermmsti% es CommunicatiaIsduCanada.

Tk above sratenwatap@s only toprhers marketedin Cana&.

NX.l(K)OH,NL-10, NP.1O,NX.1W15, ND-10/15, NR.10/15: Star
IBM K, ProprintarX24, ProprintarII, PC-DOS: ImematiamlBusinessMachinesCorp.
MicrosoftBASIC, MS.DOS: MicrosoftCo

NOTICE

● All rights reserved. Reproductionof artypsrtof this manualin artyform whatsoeverwithout

. %YJ=%sK%X8&f;~%Yo*.ge ti*@tim.

● All effortshavebeersmadeto ensurethe ●ecuraeyof the amttattsofthis manualatthetimeof

press.However,shotddany errrxsbedetected,STAR wouldgreatlyappreciatebeing informed
of thurt.

● llte abovenotwithstanding,~AR cartassumeno responsibilityforartyerrorsin thismanual.

mtusdoeanotcxceedtheCiassBlimits forradiortoise “

US delaclasse BprescritesclansleRi@mxmt surle.

3

Trademark Acknowledgements

%kO Epson rp.

Statementd

bmuillageradic+lectn“que&iict6

MiCtUttiCS Co., hi

?7’”LQ-~ LQ-1OOO,LQ-1500:

@Copyright 1989 Star Mic~nics Co., Ltd.

—

.

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

.

—

HOWTO USETHIS MANUAL

This manual is organizedinto five chapters and four appendixes. To

learn how to make the best use of your printer you are urged to read all
of chapters 1through 5. The appendixescan be referred to as necessary.

Chapter1 explainshow to get the printer unpacked and set up. Read this

chapter before you do anything else.
Chapter2 explainsthe control panel. After getting set up, read this chapter

and try out the procedures in it to find out how the printer works.
Chapter3 gives tips on using word-processing programs and other com-

mercial software with this printer. Read this chapter in conjunction with
your software manual.

i“ —

!

L

1‘

L.

i

E.

t-

Chapter4 is addressed to do-it-yourself progr
programming examplesusing DOS comma

and

Chapter5 covers maintenance
chapter to see what it contains, then refer to it as necessary later.

AppendixA lists the printer’s technical specifications.
Appedix B &tails the functions of escape sequences and other printer

commands.
AppendixC presentsa BASICprogram you can useto defineand download

new characters.
AppendixD presents tables of the printer’scharacter sets.

troubleshooting.Look through this

ammers. It shows simple

nds and BASIC.

FEATURESOFTHE PRINTER

Thisprinter isa compact, convenient,monochrome printerwithout frills
but with a fidl complement of features, making it an excellentpartner for
a personal computer. It supports the IBM/Epson printer commands and
character sets, enabling it to print just about anything your computer can
generate,both textand graphics.Someofits main featuresare the following:

. Extensivesoftware support

Sinceit is compatible with the Epson and IBM printers, it works with
any software that supports those printers. That includes most word-pro­cessing and graphics programs, spreadsheets, and integrated software
packages.

● Easy operation

Clearlyunderstandablelamp displaysand beeptonesprovideimmediate
feedbackwhenyoupress theswitcheson the controlpanel. The fourswitches
can operate in combinations to”perform a surprisingvariety of fimctions,
includingmargin setting and micro-alignment.

.

Easy care and maintenance

The ribbon cartridge can be replaced in seconds;theprint head in a few

minutes.

● Ver=tile paper handling

Singlesheets, fanfold forms, and multi-copy forms (up to triple-ply)
are all accepted, and you can use either tractor or friction feed. A special
featureenablesyou to keep fanfold formsparked in readinesswhileprinting
on other paper.

. High-resolutionnear-letter-quality printing

Whenyouselectan NLQ typestyle,the printer slowsdown and employs
a densematrix of up to 18by23 dots to print clear, well-formedcharacters.

● Large variety of type stylesand sizes

—-

—

—

—

The printer has one draft style and four NLQ styles(Courier, Sanserif,
and Orator with smallcapitals or lower case), plus italicsfor all styles,plus
condensedprint, bold print, double-sizedprint, quadruple-sizedprint —see
the sampleson the next page:

.

—

—

—

Type styles are:

J.11””’i!”f:”kC:hal”””actel’””s?
Courier characters,
SanSerif characters,

ORATOR WITH SMALL CAPITALS, OR

with lower case characters,

ITALICS FOt- all isfY”Iziw:.

and

Print pitches are:

Pica pitch,

Elite pitch,

Condensedpica pitch,
Cortdensedelitepitch,
proportional spacing for all pitches,

Expand.~d.

lloulie-height,

IhxikI1e–s ized,

Quad–

Various 1ine and character spacings:

Other features:

Ernphas i zed,

Under 1ininq,

6UPERSCR IPT’

Download ch~racters:
Dot graphics:

Double-strike,

Wer 1 InIng,

6UESCRI PT ,

siz~d

ctc’:’~~’.J:iWfttWWb

●

s&s

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

SETTING UP THE PRINTER

Locating the printer
Unpacking and inspection

Check the carton contents

Setting up

Mount the platen knob
Remove the top cover
Install the ribbon cartridge
Replace the top cover
Connect the printer to the computer
Connect the printer’spower cord

Loading singlesheets

Mount the paper guide
Semiautomaticloading
Manual loading

Loading and parking fanfold forms

Paper parking
Paper unparking

Test printing

Short selftest
Long selfttest

Interface test
Adjustingthe printing gap
DIP switchsettings

CONTROL PANEL OPERATIONS

Switchesand indicators

Power indicator

On Line switch

Paper Feed switch

Print Pitch switch

NLQ Type Styleswitch
Power-up functions

Short test pattern
Long test pattern
Stay in panel pitch
Stay in panel style
Hexadecimaldump

Switchcombination functions

Paper parking
Page feed

12

14
14

19
19

23

26

1
1
1

3

6

9

—

—

—

—

—

.

—

Top of form
Forward micro-feed
Reversemicro-feed
Left margin
Right margin
Clearing the buffer

Chapter 3

USING THE PRINTER WITH
COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE

Installingyour software 31

Printer menu
Printer command options
Type styles
Page width
Initialization sequence

Setting the DIP switches

Using your software 33

Page alignment
Type style and pitch selection
Other printer commands

Chapter 4 USING THE PRINTER

WITH DOS AND BASIC 37
Hard-copyingthe screen 37

Prograrnmi

ng the printer with DOS commands

Programming the printer with BASIC

Chapter 5

MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING 47
Cleaningtheprinter
Replacingtheribbon
Replacingtheprinthead

Troubleshooting
Appendix A TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Appendix B PRINTER CONTROL COMMANDS

Font controlco~ands

Charactersetcommands

Charactersizeand pitchcommands

Verticalpositioncommands

Horizontal position commands

Graphics commands

Download character commands

Macro instruction commands

Other printer contrcdcommands

31

33

38

40

47
47
47

50

53
59

59
63
66

70

76
80
82
85
86

.-

Appendix C

DOWNLOAD CHARACTER GENERATOR

Draft character
NLQ character

Appendix D

CHARACTER SETS

Standard character set
IBM character set #2
IBM character set #1
Additional character set
International character sets

INDEX

REFERENCE CARD

91

99
100
102
104
105
106

107

Insidethe cover

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

chapter 7

SETTINGUPTHEPRINTER

SubjectscoveredinChapter1include–

●

Locating the printer

●

Unpacking and inspection (names of parts)

●

Setting up

●

Loading singlesheets

●

Loading and parking fanfold forms

●

Test printing

●

Adjustingthe printing gap

●

Setting the DIP switches

LOCATINGTHE PRINTER

Givesomethought to the bestplace to put the printer. Both the printer
and computer should be used in a normal indoor environment. For best
performance, we recommend:

●

Place the printer on a flat surface.

●

Keep it out of direct sunlightand away from heat-producingappliances.

●

Use it only in temperatures where you are comfortable.

●

Avoid locations with dust, grease, or high humidity.

●

Supplyit “clean”electricity.Don’tconnectit to the samecircuitas a large,
noise-producingappliance such as a refrigerator.

●

Make sure the line voltageis within 10Yoof the voltage specifiedon the
identificationplate.

●

If you willbe using fanfold forms, place the printer where the forms can

fe~dup to it from-below,with at least a full page hanging free.

UNPACKINGAND INSPECTION
Checkthe

Open the carton and check each item in the box against Figure 1-1to

make sure that you have everything (there should be fiveitems).

carton contents

—

—

—.

.

-

—

Igure 1-1. Check to make sure you have all five items: 1) Printer, 2) Paper guide, 3) Platen

knob, 4) Ribbon cartridge, and 5) User’s manual.

Make an external inspection of the printer. Note the locations of the

followingparts:

Baillever:

opensandclosesthepaperbailwhichholdsthepaper
againstthe platen.

.4

—

—

—

—

I

.

lever

Powe

Connector

Figure 7-2. The printer’s external parts

Releaseleven releases the platen.

This lever must be down for

printing on singlesheets, and up for fanfold forms.

Top cover: protects the print head and other parts.

Rear cove~ protects the sprocket feed mechanism.

Entry slot:
Control panel:
Power switch:

Conneetor:

for inserting singlesheetsof paper.
controls various printer functions.
switchespower on and off.
for connectingthe computer to the printer.

SETTINGUP

Mount the platen knob

The platen knob is packed into a recess of the white foam packing
materialwhichheldyourprinter insidethepackingbox. Becarefulto remove
the knob before disposingof the packing.

Mount the platen knob on its shaft on the right sideof the printer. Turn
it until you can push it in all the way.

Power should always be off when you turn the platen knob.

3

Figure 1-3. Mounting the platen knob

Remove the top cover

Liftthe frontedgeoftheprinter’s clearplastic top cover. Then disengage

the tabs at the back of the cover and remove the cover completely.

T

. ..

-. a . - . . . .——

Ffgure W4. ttemovmg me Iop cover

4

—

—

—

—

...

-..

L

Install the ribbon ciwtridge

The top sideof the ribbon cartridge has a handle for turning the ribbon.
Turn this handle in the direction of the arrow to tighten the ribbon.

Next place the ribbon cartridge on the print head carnage, guiding the
ribbon between the print head and the platen, Press down firmly on the
cartridgeuntil it snaps into place.

I

Figure 1-5. Installing the ribbon cartridge

Replace the top cover

Hold the cover upright and engage the tabs at the back. Then swing
the front edge down until the cover is closed.

Leave the cover closedduring normal operation. It keepsout dust and

dirt and reduces the printer’s operating sounds. Open the cover only to
change the ribbon or make an adjustment.

Connect the printer to the computer

Connect the printer end of the interface cable to the connector socket

on the right sideof the printer as shown in Figure 1-6.

Make sure the computer is turned OFF, then connect the other end

of the cable to your computer as describedin the computer manual.

J

5

—

.

.

..=--- .-

wu,,,, ow,,,, ~ ,,s0 I*lLwllavw WI(3

Connect the printer’s power cord.

Check that the printer’spower switch (locatedat the left front) is OFF.

Then plug the printer’s power cord into an

AC wall outlet.

Never plug or unplug the power cord while the printer is turned on.

LOADINGSINGLESHEETS

This section will take you through the procedures for loading single

sheetsof paper.

If you are using the optional automatic sheet feeder (ASF), read the

ASF instruction booklet.

Mount the paper guide

The paper guidefitsinto the two holeson top of the rear cover. Mount

the guide and raise it to the upright position.

—

—

—

—

igure 1-7. Mounting the paper guide for single sheets

Semiautomatic loading

Single sheets can be loaded manually with power off, or semiauto­matically with power on. We will start the easy way with semiautomatic
loading.

1. Check that the releaseleverisdown and the bail leverback (bailclosed),
then switch power on. You willhear a short beep tone and the Power
indicatoron thecontrolpanelwillflash. Thesearetheprinter’s paper-out
signals.

2. Placea singlesheeton the paper guideand insert it down into the entry
slot. You will feel a slight resistance as the paper engagesthe paper
detector lever. Work the paper past this resistance and insert it down
as far as it willgo.

3. Move the bail lever forward. When the bail opens, the printer feeds
the paper automatically.

4. Move the bail lever back, The paper will feed slightly forward again,
ending in position to print with a top margin of about one inch.

.

—

lcver

Figure 1-8. Loading a single sheet

Manual loading

Itis also possible to load paper manually while the printer’s power is —

off. The procedure is:

1.

Checkthatprinter power is off and the releaselever at the back of the –

printer is down.

2.

Insert a singlesheet of paper into the entry slot as far as it willgo, the –
same way as for semiautomatic loading.

3.

Move the bail lever on top of the printer forward to open the paper ­bail.

4.

Turn the platen knob clockwiseuntil the front edge of the paper comes
out from under the top cover.

5.

If the paper is not straight, move the release lever to the up position,
straighten the paper by hand, then move the release lever back down.

6.

Move the bail lever back to close,the paper bail.

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

8

,—

‘___

L

.

LOADINGAND PARKINGFANFOLDFORMS

Fanfold forms have holesalong the sidesand perforations between the

sheets. They are also called sprocket forms, punched forms, or just plain
“computerpaper”. Thisprinter acceptsformsup to 10”wide. Fanfold forms

are loaded, parked, and unparked as explained next.

1. Place a stack of fanfold paper behindand at least onepage-lengthbelow
the printer.

2. Turn the printer’spower OFF.

3. Set the releaselever to the up position. If there is paper in the printer,
removeit. (Sincethe platen is released,you can just pull the paper out.)

4. Move the bail leverforward to open the bail.
Remove the paper guide and put it aside for the moment.

5.

6. Remove the rear cover. Grip it by its front edge and lift upwards and
backwards as in Figure 1-9.- -

. .

L

\

.

:—

(

Figure 1-9. Opening the rear cover

7. Open the sprocket coverson the right and left sprocket units, as shown
in Figure 1-10.

8. Flip the clamp leversdown. Thisallowsthe two sprocketunits to move

freelyright and left so you can align them with the holes in the paper.

9. Insert the front edgeof the paper overthe paper detector leverand tuck

it in under the platen.

9

—

.

f-10. Opening the sprocket covers to expose the sprocket teeth

Figure

plever

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

igure 1-11. Closing the sprocket covers

10. Fit the holesin the paper over the sprocket pins. Check that the paper
is even.

11. Close the sprocket covers (Figure i-n).

12. Raise one of the clamp leversto lock one sprocket unit in place.

10

—

—

—

—

13. Turn the platen knob to feed the paper forward until it comesout from
under the top cover.

14. Move the bail lever back to close the bail.

15. Check that the paper is feedingin flat, then raise the other clamp lever
to lock the other sprocket unit.

16. Replace the rear cover.

Hold it tilted upward and insert the two tabs

at the bottom into their slots. Then rotate the cover forward, pressing
down on the thumb pads on the left and right to snap it into place.

17. Mount the paper guidein the horizontal position shownin Figure 1-12,
so that it will-separatethe printed from the unprinted paper.

.

..

L

lgure 1-12. Mounting the paper guide tor Tanrolaterms

-.

Now you are ready to switch power on and print.

. . . .

Paper parking

After loading fanfold paper; you do not have to unload it when you

want to print on a singlesheet. The printer will “park” it for you if you

followthe procedure below.

1. Paper parking starts with power ON, fanfold paper loaded in printing
position, the release leverup, and the bail lever back.

2. Press the On Line switchon the control panel to set the printer off-line
(On Line indicator otT).

11

3.

Tear off the printed form at the last perforation, leavingnot more than
about half a page showingabove the top cover. If necessary,pressthe
Paper Feed switch to feed paper forward until a perforation is located

just above the top cover, and tear there.

4.

Press the Print Pitch switch on the control panel and hold it down.
Stillholding the Print Pitch switchdown, press the Paper Feed switch.

5.

The printer willautomatically feed the fanfold form backward until the
paper is completelyfree of the platen.
Move the releaseleverto the down position.

6.

Mount the paper guide in the upright position.

7.

Now you can load single sheetseither semiautomaticallyor manually,
as explained previously. The fanfold paper remains parked at the back of
the printer.

When you want to resume using fanfold paper, the procedure is as
follows.

—

—

—

Paper unparking

—

1. Removeall sin~ sheets from the printer and close the paper bail.

2. Mount the paper guide in the horizontal position.

—

3. Move the releaselever to the up position.

4. With power ON, move the bail lever forward. The printer will auto-

matically feed the parked fanfold paper into position for printing.

—

5. Move the bail lever back to closethe bail. Now you are ready to print.

TESTPRINTING

After loading paper, you can test the printer as describednext.

Short se/f test

This procedure prints a six-line“barber-pole” test pattern. The lines
are eight incheswide, so the paper should be at least that wide.

1. Check that paper is in position for printing.

k

r

2. With power off, press the On Line switchon the control panel and hold

it down.

3. Still holding the On Line switch“down,turn the printer’s power on.
The printer will automatically start printing its short test pattern. You

can release the On Line switch after printing starts. To remove the paper
at the end of the test; switchpower OFF, then turn the platen knob. (Don’t
turn the platen knob while power is on.)

.

—

—

12

.

L

I41#*~~, ( ) *+, -. /(,~~345~7~9: ; .:=;. ?

! ,t#$%&, ~~ *+, -- /O I~Z4S67B9:; <:=>7QAECDEFGHI JKLWWOPORSTUVW XYZt\ 1’ .– ‘abcde+ghi jklmnap

‘#*7:&~ ( ) *+, -. ;012T45A769: ;,.:-:. _
#5%.%, ( JK+, -. /0123456789: ; ..=>? @ABCDEFGHI JKLMNOPt2RSTUVWXYZ [\ 1- ‘abcdef FIhi jk lmnopqr
$>:8, . ! ! *+ , -. ,,0
%%, ( ) *+. –. /1.812345b7e9: : :=:, .-

Figure 7-13. Short test pattern

I 2s4~67S9: ; <:=:,?mABCDEFGH IJ~:LHNopQRsTuvw Xyz [ \ ]’

@&BCDEFGHIJKLMNOPCJRSTUVWXVZ [ \ 1’,,,, ‘a bcdefghi j k lmno

- 71@ABCDEFGHIJ KLMNOPG!RST!JV WXYZ L\ 1,,,, abcde+ghi jk lmnopq

?I%BCDEFGH IJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXV Z C\l’.. yabcdefqh, i k lrnnopqt. st

‘a bcdc<gl,i j}.: lmrmpqr-~

Long self test

To see the printer’svariety of type styles,you can run the long version

of the printer’s selftest.

1. Check that paper is in position for printing.

2. With power off, press the Paper Feed switch on the control panel and
hold it down.

3. Stillholding the Pap Feed wvitd down, turn the printer’spower ON.
The printer will automatically start printing a test pattern of its full

character wt in various type styles. Watch the lights on the control panel;

they indicatewhichtype styleis printing. The test pattern variesdepending
on the settingof DIP switch 1-6(ON—Standard mode, OFF —IBMmode),
but more about that later.

This test repeats indefinitelyin a cycleof 30 or 70 lines. To stop the

test, switch power off.

.

Interface test

After confirming that the printer works by itself, it is time to test the

-.

interface with the computer. The simplest way to do this is with a direct

command. Power up both the printer and computer, load paper, then try
a command like one of the following:

L

MS-DOS or PC-DOS command:

A>ECHO THE INTERFACE WORKS>PRN

Microsoft BASIC command:

LPRINT “THE INTERFACEWORKS”

Or you can try any other command understood by your computer to

print a lineof text. Consult your computer manual if you need help. If you
repeat the command a few times, the printout willcome into view.

.

“L

Next you may want to try a testprintout withword-processingsoftware,

but for this to succeed you will have to set the printer’s DIP switches(see
the end of this chapter) and install your software to support the printer
correctly (seeChapter 3).

13

ADJUSTINGTHEPRINTINGGAP

The distance between the print head and the platen can be adjusted to
accommodatedifferentpaper thicknesses. To make thisadjustment, remove
the top cover. The adjustment leveris located near the left end of the paper
bail. Pulling the adjustment lever towards you widens the gap; pushing it
away from you narrows the gap.

Thereare four positions;youcan feeltheleverclickingintoeach position.
The first position (narrowest gap) is the one most commonlyused for single
sheets of paper. Try differentpositionsuntilyouget the bestprintingresults.

1

—

—

—

—.

—

—

—

—

Figure7-14. Adjusting for different thicknesses of paper

DIP SWITCH SEITINGS

When you remove the printer’s cover and look inside, you will see on
the green board at the bottom of the printer two groups of small white
switchesmarked DSW1and DSW2. Thesearetheprinter’sDIP (Dual In-line
Package) switches. DSW1 has eight switches,named 1-1 to 1-8 from left
to right. DSW2 has four switchesnamed 2-1 to 2-4.

For all switches,the ON position is towards the back of the printer and
the OFF positionis towards the front. To set a DIP switch,use a ballpoint
pen or other smallimplementtomove the switchto theON or OFF position.

Theprinter’s powershouldbeoffwhenyousetthe DIP switches.Settings
made while power is on do not take effect until power is switchedoff, then
on again, becausethe printer reads the DIP switchesonly at power-up.

14

—

—

—

.—

L-

L-

1!

L

‘igure 1-15. DIP switches

I SwitchI Function I ON I OFF I

I

I

L 1 I I

,

Pagelength

1-1

AutoCR

1-2
1-3 Oratorlowercase
1-4 Autosheetfeeder

Paper-outdetector

1-5
1-6 Printermode

Cbmcterset(Std.Mode)

1-7

Chameterset(IBMMode)I Set#2
AutoLF

1-8
2-1 Usageof RAM
2-2

11inches 12inches
Yes No
Smallcaps Lowercase
Inactive
Enabled Disabled
Standard

IItalics IGraphics

No
Buffer

Active

IBM

ISet#1

Yes
Download

I 2-3 ]In@~ationalcha~ter~tl(see~e~~w) ,

I I

‘-

I

Theprinterisdeliveredwithall DIP switchsetto theON position.These
are the standard settings. By changing the settings,you can alter various
printer functionsto match your requirements. The followingquestions will
help you make the right settings.

Switch l-l:

Is the page length of your paper 11inchesor

Leave this switch ON if you will be using 1l-inch forms.

12inches?
Move it to the

OFF positionif you will be using 12-inchforms.

Switch 1-2:

Do you want an automatic carriage return?

Leave this switch ON. The printer will automatically perform a carriage
return by movingto the leftmargin at each line feed. Evenifyour software
sendsa separate carriage-return code, an extra carriagereturn doesno harm
because two consecutivecarriage returns are the same as one. Very few
programs require this switch to be OFF.

Switch 1-3:

When you selectthe Orator type style on the control panel,
do you want lower-caseletters to print as lower case (OFF)
or as small capitals (ON)?

Take your pick from the samplesbelow. Note that lower-caseOrator does
not have descendersfor the letters g,j, p, q, and y.

ORATOR PRINTS THIS WAY WITH SWITCH 1-3 ON.

Orator prints this way with switch 1-3 OFF.

you going to use the automatic sheet feeder (ASF)?

Switch 14:

To use the automatic sheet feeder, move this switch to the OFF position.
Otherwiseleave it ON.

Switch 1-5: Do you want the printer to stop printing about an inch from

Leave this switch ON except when you need to print very close to the end
of the paper. When this switch is OFF the printer ignores the paper-out
detector and prints down to (and beyond) the bottom edge.

Switch1-6:

Selectthe mode compatible with your computer and software. In standard

mode the printer operates likethe Epson LX-800. In IBM mode it operates

like the IBM Proprinter II. The ON position selectsstandard mode. The
OFF position selectsIBM mode.

Switch1-7:

Are

the end of the paper, or to keep printing to the bottom?

Do, you want to use the printer in standard mode or IBM
mode?

The action of this switch depends on the mode chosen with
switch 1-6.

—

—

—

—

—

—

—-

Ifyou selectedstandard mode, doyou want italicsor graphiccharactes?

Leave this switch ON to print italics in the standard character set. If you
setthis switchto the OFF position,in place ofitalicsyouwillget the graphic
characters, international characters, and mathematical symbols of IBM
character set #2. See Appendix D, character codes 128to 254.

If you selectedIBM mode, do you want IBM character set #1 or #2?

16

—

ON selectscharacter set #2, which is for computers with an 8-bit interface
(themost common kind). OFF selectscharacter set #1, for computers with
a 7-bitinterface.

Switch 1-8: Do you want an automatic line feed?
If you leave this switch at the ON position, a separate line-feedcode is re-

quired to obtain a line feed.
If you move this switch to the OFF position, the printer performs both a
carriage return and line feed each time it receivesa carriage-return code.

Most computer systemssenda line feed code, or both a carriage return and
line feed, at the end of each line, so this switch should be left ON.

If you get double line spacing when you expect single spacing, or if lines
overprint each other, try changing the setting of this switch.

Switch 2-1: Does your software download new characters to the printer?

To download characters this switch must be OFF. The printer then uses
its RAM memory for storingcharacter patterns and provides only a one-line
print buffer. If you leavethisswitchON the printer usesits RAM memory
asan input buffer,allowingthecomputer to senddata fasterthan the printer
prints.

Switches2-2 to 2-4:

Do you want an international character set?

International character setsdifferin their assignmentof 14character codes.
Seethe character tables at the back of this manual. With the DIP switches
you can select one of eight character sets as follows:

-

Country 2-2

U.S.A.

ON
France OFF
Germany ON
England OFF

2-3 2-4

ON

ON
OFF
OFF

Country 2-2

ON Denmark I *
ON
ON
ON

Sweden OFF
Italy
Spain I OFF

ON

ON

2-3 24

ON OFF

ON OFF
OFF OFF
OFF OFF

* Denmark/Norway when switch 1-6is OFF and switch 1-7is ON.

.

—

18

—

—

—

—

‘L.

—

.

—

L.._

L

chapter2

CONTROLPANELOPERATIONS

Thischapterexplainshow to use the controlpanelto:

●

Pause printing

●

Feed paper (fast and slow, forward and reverse)

●

Selectthe print pitch

●

Selecta type style

●

Print test patterns

●

Prevent softwarefrom changing the panel pitch and styleselections

●

Print a hexadecimaldump

●

Park fanfold forms

●

Set the top-of-form position

●

Set the left and right margins

●

Clear the printer’s buffer

SWITCHESANDINDICATORS

The control panel has four switchesmarked:

● On Line

● Paper Feed

. Print Pitch

● NLQ Type Style

1-

i -

The On Line, Print Pitch, and NLQ Type Styleswitchesrespond with
a beep tone when pressed,and indicators besidethem indicate their current
status. There is also a Power indicator that lights when power is on.

19

The control panel switchescan be pressed singlyto perform the oper­ationsindicated by theirnames. Other functionscan beobtained byholding
these switchesdown when you turn the printer’s power on. Still further
functions can be executed by pressing the control panel switchesin corn- --­bination. This chapter explains all the switch and indicator functions.

Power indicator

The power indicator lights (yellow)when power is on.
When paper is not present, the power indicator flashes. A beep tone

also alerts you to the need to load paper.

On Line switch

TheOnLineswitchsetstheprinter on-lineand off-line.Thestatechanges

each time you press the switch.

In the on-line state the printer receivesdata from the computer and
prints the data. In the off-linestate the printer stops printing and sendsthe
computer a signalindicating that it cannot accept data.

The printer powers up in the on-line state if paper is present. If paper
is not present, the printer powers up off-line with the Power indicator
flashing. When you load paper the Power indicator stops flashing,but the
printer remainsoff-line.To start printing you must pressthe On Line switch
go on-line.

The two main times when you will want to press the On Line switch
are:

. Before and after any other panel operation

The other panel switchesoperate only in the off-linestate. First press
the On Line switch to go off-line, then perform the panel operation, then
press the On Line switch again to go back on-line.

. To pause during printing

Ifyou presstheOn Lineswitchduringprinting,theprinter stopsprinting
and goes off-line,allowingyou to check the printout or change a control
panel setting. Printing resumes when you press the On Line switch again
to go back on-line.

—

--

—

—

—

—

—

Paper Feed switch

This switch operates only when the printer is off-line. If you press it

oncethe paper feeds forward by one line. If you hold this switchdown, the

printer performs consecutivelinefeeds.

.-

While you are feeding lines, if you also press the On Line switch, the

paper will fkedto the top of the next page. This is explained later.

Whenpowerison, alwaysusethe Paper Feed switchinsteadof theplaten

knob to feed paper. Turn the platen knob only when power is off.

PrintPitch switch

1!

\.­[

,.
i..

Thisswitchoperatesoff-lineto selecttheprintpitch:thespacing between

characters. The indicators to the left light (green) to indicate the selected

pitch.

The printer powers up in pica pitch. To change to another pitch, press
theOn Lineswitchto go off-line,then pressthePrint Pitch switchrepeatedly
until the indicators show the pitch you want.

In Standard mode (when DIP switch 1-6 is ON), the pitch selections
cycleas follows:

Pica
Elite

(10characters per inch)

(12characters per inch)
Condensed pica (17 characters per inch)
Condensedelite (20 characters per inch)
Proportional pica
Proportional elite

This is pica (10 charactersp= inch) .
Thisiselite(12charactersperinch).

This is condensedpica (17 charactersper inch).
Thisis mdensedelite

This is proportional pica.
This is proportional elite.

(20charactersperinch).

Figure 2-2. Print pitches selectable from tfre control panel

Samples of these pitches are shown in Figure 2-2. Note that with

proportional pitch different letters occupy different widths. (For example,

“i” and “1”are narrower than other letters.) Proportional pitch is attractive
and spaceefflcient, though not always convenientwhen column alignment

is required.

Note that youcannot selectcondensedproportionalpitchonthecontrol
panel.Youcanmake thisselectionby theprintercommands < S1s <ESCs
“p” 1– see Appendix B.

21

In IBM mode (when DIP switch 1-6is OFF), the pitch selectionscycle

as follows:

Pica (10characters per inch)
Elite (12 characters per inch)
Condensed pica (17 characters per inch)
Proportional pica
Proportional elite

There is no condensedelitepitch in the IBM mode.

NLQ Type Style switch

This switch selects the type style. Draft style is always selected at
power-up. To change to one of the NLQ (near letter quality) styles,set the
printer off-line,then press the NLQ Type Styleswitch repeatedly until the
indicators besidethe desired selectionlight. The selectionscycle in the fol­lowingorder:

Draft (all indicators off)

Courier (NLQ)

Courier italic (NLQ)
SanSerif(NLQ)
SanSerifitalic(NLQ)
Orator (NLQ)
Orator italic (NLQ)

Samplesare shown in Figure 2-3.

-/” l-~‘j, c} ‘j,c:.

This is

This is

This is

This is

THIS IS

THIS IS

This is

This is

Figure 2-2. Type styles selectable from the control panel

cll“’”a+:’l:.(:]L.ta1,i.‘1:.y .

near– 1etter–qua 1ity Courier.

Courier ita1ic.

Sanser i +.

Sanseri f ita1ic.

ORATOR WITH SMALL CAPITALS.

ORATOR ITALIC WITH SMALL CAPITALS.

Orator with l“ower case.

Orator ita 7ic with lower case.

-

I

I

l—

I

j ..

The Orator styleisuniquein two ways. First, it is a dot larger (higher)
than the other styles.This makes it a good choice for labelsand other text
requiringhighvisibility.A littleextra linespacinghelpswhen Orator isused.

Second,there are two versionsof the Orator type style:oneprints small
capitals in place of lower-case letters; the other prints lower-case letters,
but without descenders.The version you get when you select Orator from
the control panel depends on the DIP switches.If DIP switch 1-3is OFF,

lower-caseOrator willprint as lower case. Otherwise it will print as small
capitals.

The other type stylesdo not have a small-capitalsoption. Lower case

alwaysprints as lower

The type style can also be selectedby printer commands given in Ap­pendix B. Printer commands enable you to selectboth Orator styles,and
also draft italic, whichcannot be selected from the control panel.

POWER-UPFUNCTIONS

In addition to their normal functions,allthe control panelswitcheshave
specialfunctionsthat operate if you hold them down whileswitchingpower
on.

case.

❑–POWER

ON UNE

1

!-

—

1

I

.

1

ORATOR ❑ I

Stay in panel style

gure 2-4. Power-up functions of control panel

Short test pattern: On Line switch

If held down during power-up, this switch prints a short test pattern

(shown in Chapter 1).

❑COND

I

❑PROP

in panel pitch

Stay

w

1

Hexadecimaldump

❑

?

Longtest Shorttest

Long test pattern: Paper Feed switch

If held down during power-up, this switch prints a long test pattern.

The test cyclesendlessly. To stop the test you must switch power off.
Stay in panel pitch: Print Pitch switch

Byholdingthis switchdown duringpower-up, youcan preventsoftware
interferencewith the print pitch selectedfrom the control panel. You will.
hear an acknowledgingbeep as power comes on. After the beep tone, you
can set the printer off-line, selecta print pitch, then return to on-line and
start printing. The pitch you selectedwillnot be reset or otherwisechanged
by any commands your software may issue.

Stay in

pane] Sty/e: NLQ Type Style switch

If helddown duringpower-up, thisswitchpreventssoftwareinterference
with the type style selected from the control panel. There will be an ac­knowledgingbeep,after which you can set the printer off-line,selecta type

style, then return to the on-line state and start printing. The selected type
stylewillnot be changed by any commands sent by software.

If you want to protect both the Print Pitch and NLQ Type Stylesettings
from software changes, press both switches during power-up. There will

be two acknowledgingbeeps.

Pressing these switches during power-up does not prevent you from
making any number of changes later from the control panel.

Hexadechnal dump: Paper Feed and Print Pitch switches

This feature is useful for programmers who are debugging printing
programs and want to see the actual codes the printer is receiving.(Some
computers change the codes the programm

er intended.)

1. Holding both the Paper Feed and Print Pitch switchesdown,turn power
ON. A beep tone will be heard.

2. Start printing. In place of the usual printout you will get a formatted
dump showingexactlywhat data the printer receives. Each linepresents
sixteen characters, their hexadecimal codes to the left and printable
characters printed on the right.

3. At the end of the hexadecimal dump, set the printer off-linewith the
On Line switch. This is necessary to print the last line.

—

24

.

~
,-

1;

:...

-

The followingBASIC program is a simpletest you can run in hexade-

cimal mode:

10 FOR 1=0 TO 255
20 LPRINT CHR$(I) ;

L

30 NEXT I
40 LPRINT

-

50 END

If your systempassesthe codes directlyto the printer without changing

them, you willget a printout like Figure 2-5.

-.

—

L

-

00 01 02 03 0.4 05 (36 <17

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
20 21 22 2S 24 .2526 27
30 31 32 33 34 :s % 37
40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47
50 51 52 53 54 5S 56 57
60 61 62 63 64 ’55b6 67
70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77
so 81 S2 S3 B: 85 S6 S7

90 91 92 93 94 95 9& 97
AO Al A2 A3 A4 (3566 67
BO B1 B2 B3 !34 S5 B& B7 BE B9 HA BB BC BD BE EF
CO Cl C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7
DO D1 D2 D3 04 D5 D4 Q7
EO El E2 E3 E4 E3 Eb E7.
FO F1 F2 F3 F4 FS F6 F7
OD Ofi

-. -- a . . . . . -–..—>— —,.. —, J

ttgurez-a. sample nexaaecmmaump

(:)S09 C)A (IE UC OD OE OF

IB 19 1A IB IC ID IE IF
2B 29 26 28 2C 2D 2E 2F
SS 39 ?A 3EI3C SD 3E 3F
4B 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F
50 59 5A
66 69 66 6B 6C 6D 6E
70 79 7A 7EI7C 7D 7E 7F
SS 89 8A EIBEC ED SE SF
98 9$’ 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F
AS A9 AA AH AC AD AE AF

CS C9 CA CEICC CD CE CF
D&lD9 I’M De DC DD DE DF
E8 E9 E6 EB EC ED EE EF
FE F9

SB SC SD SE SF

F& FB FC FD FE FF

................

.. .. . ...... ... ..

!“#$.L&’ ( ) *+, -. /

o1234~6789:;<=>?
@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO

PQRSTUVWXYZC\l”-

‘abcde+qhijklmno

bF

pqrstuvwxyz{!lw.

............... .

................

................

................

................

................

................

................

..

MostBASICs,however,arenotquitethatstraightforward. Forexample,

‘-

,-.

L

i-

the IBM-PC prints the following.

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 OS 09 OA OB OC OD 0!4OE ................

OF 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

202122232425 2627

3031 323334353637

40 41 42 43 44 4S 46 47

50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57

bO 61 b2 43 64 65 66 67

70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77

so SI 82 83 84 S5 86 87

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 9S 99 9A 9R 9C 9D 9E ‘?F
Ao Al AZ 6Z 44 fi546 A7

BO Hi B2 B3 E4 ES E6 S7 BS B9 BA BB EC ED BE SF ................

co cl C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7

DO D1 D2 D3 D4 DS D6 D7
EO El E2 E3 E4 ES E6 E7

FOF1 F2F3F4F5F6F7 FE F9 FA FE FC FD FE FF ................

OD OA

igure2-6. Sampie hexadecimal dump with lBM-PC

17 18 19 IB IC ID IE IF ................

28292A2B2C 2D2E2F
38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 01234567S9:;<=>?
48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F rn&BCDEFGHIJKLMNO
58 59 5flSE!5C SD 5E SF PQRSTUVWXYZ[\l”–
M 69 6A 6B
78 79 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F

SS89SASBSCEJDSEEF ................

4S A9 M AEi fiC AD AE fiF ................

CS C9 C& CB CC CD CE CF ................

DS D9 DA DB DC DD DE DF

ESE9EAEBECEDEE EF ................

bC 6D 6E 6F ‘abcdefghijklmna

!“#$Z&’ ()*+,-./

pqrstLlvwxyz{ l}”-.

................

................

..

i

25

Notice that the printer receivesdecimal code 13(hexOD)together with
hex OA,which is really decimal 10.In addition, the printer does not receive
decimalcode 26 (hex 1A). To avoid this problem, change line 20, and add
lines 100to 120as shown in either of the followinglists.

20 GOSUB 100
100 O=INP (&H379 ) : IF 0<128 THEN

110 OUT &H378, I

:OUT &H37?t, 5

100

:OUT &H37A, 4

120 RETURN

—

—

20 GOSUB 100
100 O=INP (&H3BD) : IF 0<128 THEN

:

110 OUT &H3BC , I

OUT&H3BE, 5

120 RETURN

SWITCH COMBINATION FUNCTIONS

Several additional functions can be obtained by

panel switchesin combinations.

Reversemicro-feed

ORATOR ❑

.- ❑

Right margin

Top of form

100

:OUT &H3BE ,4

pressing the control

—.

—

—

—

—

—

Figure2-7.Switch

Paper parking: Print Pitch and Paper Feed switches

combination functions of control panel

This procedure feeds the paper backward. It parks the fanfold form
at the back of the printer so that you can switch to single-sheetfeeding(by
moving the releaseleverto the down position).

26

—

Beforeparking fanfold forms, tear off all but the last page, leavingless

(at least three inchesless)than a full page showing above the top cover.

1. Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2. Press the Print Pitch switch and hold it down.

3. Press the Paper Feed switch. The paper willbe fed out backward.
Page feed: Paper Feed and On Line switches

If you are using singlesheets, this operation ejectsthe current page. If

you are using fanfold forms, it feeds to the top of the next page.

1. Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2. Press the Paper Feed switch and hold it down. The printer will start
performing successiveline feeds.

3. Still holdingthe Paper Feed switchdown, pressthe On Lineswitch,then
releaseboth switches.The printer willsmoothlyeject the current page.

Top of form: NLQ Type Style and On Line switches

When you turn on printer power, the top-of-form position is auto-

matically set to the current position. If this is not where you want the top
of the page to be, you can change the top-of-form position as follows.

1. Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2. Movethe paper to thedesiredtop-of-formpositionbypressing the Paper
Feed switch, or by performing a forward or reverse micro-feed.

3. Press the NLQ Type Styleswitch and hold it down.

4. Press the On Line switch. The printer will beep to indicate that the
top-of-form position has been set.

Forward micro-feed: On Line and Paper Feed switches

For fine alignment, you can feed the paper forward in very small in-

crementsas follows:

1. Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2. Press the On Line switch again and hold it down.

3. Press the Paper Feed switch. The paper willstart advancing in a series
of small steps. When you want to stop, release both switches.

Reverse micro-feed: OnLine and Print Pitch switches

You can also feed the paper in small increments in reverse, to return

to a higher position on the same page.

Note: With fanfold forms, do not try to return to a previous page. The

perforation may catch inside the printer.

1. Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2. Press the On Line switchagain and hold it down.
3, Press the Print Pitch switch.The paper will start movingbackwards in

a seriesof small steps. When you want to stop, release both switches.

Leff margin: NLQ Type Styleand Print Pitch switches

Softwarealmostalwaysprovidescommandsfor controllingthemargins,
so you will not usually have to set them from the control panel. When
necessary,however,you can set the left margin as follows.

1. Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2. Press the NLQ Type Styleswitch and hold it down.

3. Press the Print Pitch switch.The print head willmake a short excursion

from the left end, then start advancing from left to right in a series of

steps, each equal to one pica character width (1/10”). When the print

head reaches the desired left margin position, release both switches.

The printer will beep to indicate that the margin has been set.
Right

margin: NLQ Type Style and Paper Feed switches

You can also set the right margin.

1. Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

2. Press the NLQ Type Style switch and hold it down.

3. Press the Paper Feed switch.The print head willtravel to the right end

ofthe carriage, then start advancingfrom right to left ina seriesof 1/10”

steps. When it reaches the desired right margin position, release both

switches.The printer will beep to indicate that the margin has been set.
Clearing the buffer: Print Pitch, On Line and Paper Feed switches

When DIP switch2-1 is ON, the printer stores receiveddata in a large
memorybuffer. Thiscreatesa problemwhen youwant to abandon a printing

job and restart: the printer may be holding much more data in its buffer

than it has actually printed, and this unprinted data must be cleared out
beforerestarting. Turning power offisone way to clear the buffer,but there
is another way:

—

—

—

.-

—

—

- 1. Halt the printing program on the computer. If printing stops imme­diately, the bufferisclear and the rest of this procedure is unnecessary.
If printing does not stop, continue as follows:

2. Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line. Printing will now
stop, but there may be data remainingin the buffer.

3. Press the Print Pitch switch and hold it down.

4. Press the On Line switchand hold it down.

28

—

—

5. Press the Paper Feed switch and hold it down.

three switchesdown. In about three secondsyou

Continue holding all

willhear a beep tone

simalimzthat the buffer has been cleared.

6. R;lease-all three switches,make any necessarycontrol panel settings,
then set the printer back on-line.

It is essentialto halt the printing program on the computer before you
go off-line. Otherwise, when you go back on-line the computer will start
sendingdata again and the printer willcontinueprinting, with missingdata
where the buffer was cleared.

.

L

k

‘L

L-

-

,

—

—

—

—

—

.

—

.

—

—

—

~:

I

chapter 3

USINGTHEPRINTER

WITHCOMMERCIALSOFTWARE

There is an abundance of commercial software available: spreadsheet
programs, word-processing programs, graphics programs, and more. This
printer will work with any program that supports a Star, Epson or IBM

L

.

-.

. .

-.

L

L

.

‘—

dot-matrix printer. Before using the printer with commercial software,

however, there are two things you must da

● Install the software so that it supports the printer

. Set the printer’s DIP switchesto match the software

INSTALLING YOUR SOFTWARE

Most commercial software includesan installation program or routine
that you can run to customize the software to fit your hardware system.
Start by readingtheexplanation ofthe installationprogram in your software
manual.

Printer menu

The installation program usually offers a menu of printers from which
to choose. If you find this printer on the menu, selectit.

If thisprinter isnot listed,look for the Epson LX-800or IBM Proprinter

II. If these are not listed, look for another Star, Epson or IBM printer. A
fewof the choicesyou may see are given below in order of preference:

Star NL-10

NP-10

Nx-lo/15
ND-lo/15
NR-lo/15

Epson LX-800

FX-86e
EX-800
Lx-86
LX-80

IBM Proprinter II

Proprinter
Graphics Printer

Some menus are lessexplicitabout model names but offer general de-

scriptionssuchas “Starprinter’’;’’Epsonprinter”, “IBMdot-matrix printer”,

“dot-matrix ASCII printer”, “Centronics-type printer”, “Draft printer”,

or “Standard printer”. Any of these selectionsshouldwork. If you are not
sure of the right selection, it does not hurt to experiment. If you choose
wrong, you will get strange printing results, but don’t worry; just try a
different selection.Don’t pick any printer describedas a daisywheelprinter

or laser printer.

.

31

A fewinstallation programs may ask you not to selecta printer but to
describe what your printer can do. The answers to the most often asked
questionsare: Yes, this printer can do a backspace; and Yes, it can do a
hardware form feed.

Selecting(or describing)a printer is the main step in the installation
processand frequently the only step necessary. If you selected this printer
or any Star, Epson or IBM printer you should be able to use software

commands for all the standard printer functions, including bold or dou-

ble-strike printing, underlining, subscripts, superscripts, margin control,

line-spacingcontrol, and graphics.

—

—

Printer command options

Besidesthe standard printer functions, however,your printer has some

capabilities your software may not be aware of, including double- and

quadruple-sizeprinting and the printing of specialcharacters assigned to

controlcodes.Somesoftware enablesyou to definethesecapabilitiesas user

options in the installation process. Read your software manual to find out

whether you can do this and if so, how.

The most usefulthing you can do is to definea way to enter the escape

code < ESC>, which is the control character with decimal character code
27(hexadecimalIB). This code usuallycannot be keyedin directly(pressing

the ESC key will not work). As an installation option, however, you may
be able to assign it to a function key or a specialkey combination. Doing
so will put the full power of the printer at your disposal.

Type styles

Some word-processing software has commands that enable you to

change type stylesin the middle of a document without a printing pause.
To use these commands you must generally define the printer’s type styles

(fonts) during installation, by assigning them numbers for example. Read
your software manual for details, and refer to Appendix B for the relevant
printer commands.

Page width

Spreadsheetprograms in particular may ask you to specifythe printer’s
column width. The column width of this printer depends on the character
pitch used:

Pica 80 columns
Elite 96 columns
Condensed pica

137columns

Condensedelite 160columns (Standard mode only)

32

—

—

—

—

—

—

.

—

—

The character pitch can be selected from the control panel before you

start printing, or possiblyby an initialization sequenceas describednext.

1-

-.

.

\

1-

—

1-

,—

L,

hitialization sequence

One of the installation options may be to specify the commands your
software sends at the beginningof each printing job. These commands are
called the “initializationsequence”or “setup string.” If necessary,you can

use the initialization,sequenceto adjust the margins to your paper size or
selecta particular type styleor pitch. You can look up the commands you
want in Appendix B.

Forexarnple, ifyou selected96-columnwidthfor aspreadsheetprogram,
it would be convenientto add an elite pitch command to the initialization
sequence. Appendix B indicates that this command consists of the two
characters:

Esc > “M”

<

which have decimal character codes 27 and 77 (hexadecimal IB and 4D).
Your software manual or an on-screen prompt will explain how to place

these codesin the initialization sequence.

SETTING THE DIP SWITCHES

After completing the installation of your software, check the setting
of the printer’s DIP switches,in particular DIP switch 1-6.If you selected
a Star or Epson printer on the installation menu, switch 1-6should be ON
(the factory setting). If you selectedan IBM printer, switch 1-6should be
OFF.

DIP switches1-2(auto CR), 1-7(character set), 1-8(auto LF), and 2-1
(RAM usage)are also related to your software. Read what your software
manual has to say about carriage returns, line feeds, character sets, and
downloadingcharacters, and refer to the explanation at the end of Chapter

1.

L-

—

\

I

‘—

I

,—.

1~~

USING YOUR SOFTWARE

With the installation and DIP switchsettingscorrectlycompleted,you

are ready to entrust most of the control of your printer to your software.
However, there will stillbe some things you have to do yourself.

Page alignment

If you are printing on fanfold forms, the first thing to do before you

start printing is to align the top of the forms so that printing will start at

the right position on the page, a short distance belowthe perforation. With
poweroff,you can alignthe formsby turning the platen knob. When power
is on, use the Paper Feed switch on the control panel.

Type style and pitch selection

If your software does not control the type style and pitch, you must
make these selectionson the control panel. The default selectionsare draft
styleand pica pitch. If youwant a differentstyleor pitch, proceedas follows:

1. Hold the NLQ Type Style or Print Pitch switch down when you turn
the printer’spower on. Hold both switchesdownif you intend to make
both settings.The printer will beep in acknowledgement as it powers
up.

2. Press the On Line switch to set the printer off-line.

3. To select a type style, press the NLQ Type Style switch one or more
times.

4. To selecta print pitch, press the Print Pitch switch one or more times.

5. Press the On Line switch to set the printer back on-line.
Mostprogramsbegineach printingjob bysending a command that resets

the printer. That is why you must press the NLQ Type Style and/or Print
Pitch switchesas you power up. If you do not press these switchesduring
power-up, the reset command will reset your panel selectionsto draft style
and pica pitch.

If you want to change the type styleor pitch in the middleof a printing
job, one way to do this is to insert a printing pause command in your file
at thepointofthechange.When the printer pauses,pressthe On Line switch
to go off-line.If the change occurs in the middle of a line, the printer will
print the first part of the line. Now make the change with the control panel

switches,settheprinter back on-line, then command yoursoftwareto resume

printing.

—

.—

—

—

—

—

If yvu were able to definesoftware commands for print pitch and type

style,changeslike these can be inserted in your text file and made on the
fly without a printing pause.

Other printer commands

If your software enables you to place the escape code in your files,or
if you were able to definethis as a user option during installation, you are
in a very powerful position: you can embed almost any printer command
in your files. The printer commands are explained in detail in Appendix

B.

34

—

—

—

—

—

—

I

Most printer commands consist of the escape code followed by one or

more letters or numbers. Some examplesare:

<ESC >WI Double-width characters
c ESC>W() Normal width

-..

-..

<ESC >4
< ESC>5

Two lineswith these commands embedded are shown below, together

with the printed result.
File:

<ESC >WIPRINT’ER COMMANDS<ESC>WO

cun he 1P you to use <ESC )4ita 1i c<ESC >5 print.

Italic
Upright

-.

L

\

Printout:

I?R 1 NZZZR COIYllWANDS

can he 1p you to use ~ ta 1

ic print.

You will probably not see the symbol <ESC > on the screen, but a

differentsymbolsuchas “E or ‘[, or perhaps no symbolat all.This depends

-

on your software.

After printing the first page of a long job, you may want to pause to

—.

check that the printing is correctly formatted. Press the On Line switch,
setting the printer off-line. Printing will stop immediately. To resume

k-

printing, press the On Line switch again.

If you need to abandon a printingjob beforeit is finished,your software
should provide a command for this purpose. Another simple expedientis
to switchthe printer’spower off.

!.-

.

\

L
\

L

$

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

36

I

1“

i

chapter 4

USINGTHEPRINTER

WITHDOSANDBASIC

Although you will probably do most of your printing with the aid of
commercial software, at times you will want to employ direct commands
or programs of your own. This chapter will give you some ideas. Three
subjectsare covered:

● Hard-copying the screen

. Programming the printer with DOS commands

● Programming the printer with BASIC

HARD-COPYING THE SCREEN (MS-DOS AND PC-DOS)

If your computer has a PRTSC (or PrtSc) key, there is an easy way to
get hard copy of the screen.Press the SHIFT and PRTSC keys. The printer
will print the c-urrentscreen contents. The PRTSC key works both at the
systemcommand leveland while you are running application software.

Normally the PRTSC key prints only textdata, but ifyour DOS system
includesa filenamed GRAPHICS.COM, you can hard-copy graphics dis­plays by first typing the command:

AX+RAPHICS

l’-

-.

,.

You will find that graphics printing takes considerablymore time than
text printing. See your DOS manual for further information on the
GRAPHICS command.

At the DOScommandlevel, there isalsoa simplewayto havetheprinter
printhard copycontinuously,instead ofonescreenat a time.Pressthe CTRL
key, hold it down, then also press the PRTSC key. If your computer does
not have a PRTSC key, press the CTRL and P keys. Nothing visiblewill
happen, but you havejust switchedon the print-screen function.After this,
the printer will hard-copy all text displayed. For example, try typing the
directory command:

A)DIR

You will obtain a printed directory.

To switchprinter output off, press CTRL-PRTSC or CTRL-P again.
Each time you press this key combination, hard copy toggles from on to
off or from off to on.

PROGRAMMING THE PRINTER WITH DOS COMMANDS

If your system includes the file PRINT.COM you can use the main
DOSprintingcommand. Simplytypethe word PRINT followedby thename
of the file you want to print. To print a file named README.DOC, for
example,type:

A>PRINT README.DOC

The computer may respond with the followingmessage,asking which
printer to use:

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Name of 1ist device IPRNI:

If your computer is connected to only one printer, press RETURN to
select the default choice @N). Printing will begin and the A > prompt
willreappear. You can executeother commands or programs while the file
is being printed.

AsinglePRINT commandcan print twoor more files.List thefilenames
consecutivelyon the same line, or use wild-card characters (* and ?).Each
filewill be printed starting on a new page. The PRINT command also has
control options. For example, you can terminate a printingjob in progress
with the /T option. (The printer may not stop printing immediately;it may
have considerabledata stored ahead in its buffer.) For the /T option, type:

A>PRINT\T

See your DOS manual for further information about the PRINT

command. If your systemdoesnot includePRINT.COM, you can print files

by using the PRN devicename in COPY or TYPE commands such as the
following:

A)COPY README. DOC PRN

AYIYPE README. DOC ) PRN

COPY and TYPE do not permit you to execute other commands while
the fileis printing.

38

.—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

-.

,,

I

,.

-.

i

L

(

L

i-

L
,

L

(

‘L

I

9-

L

If you want a particular type style, print pitch, or right or left margin,
youcan make thesesettings from the control panel beforeyou start printing.
SeeChapter 2.

If you print from the DOS command level very often, it will be ad­vantageous to create a printer setup file. Then instead of setting margins
etc. manuallyeach time, you can completethe setupwith a singlecommand
from your computer. For example, you can create a filecontaining printer
commands to set the right and left margins, select near letter quality, and
selectelite pitch. You can find the commands in Appendix B. We suggest
the following:

● Near letter quality

. Elite pitch

● Left and right margins < ESC> “X” <12> <92>

< ESC> “x” “1”
<ESC > “!”

<1>

<ESC > “!” <1> isa powerfulcommand that, in addition to selecting

elite pitch, cancels unwanted features such as underlining which might be
leftfromprevious commands. The angle bracketsaround the <1> indicate
character code 1, which is a control code, not the printable digit “l”.

<ESC > “X” <12> <92> setsthe left margin in column 12and the

right margin in column 92. This willgivea 6.7-inch,80-columnprinted line

with a one-inch left margin. (Elite has 12 characters per inch). <12> is a

control code; <92> is the character “\”, as you can verify in Appendix

D.

You may want to place additional commands in this file, such as line

spacingand bottom margin commands.Or you may want to create a variety
of setup fileswith a different set of commands in each.

To avoid excesslinefeeds,you should place the commands on one line
in the setup file.You may or may not be able to generate a setup filewith

word-processingsoftware;it dependsonwhetheryoursoftwareletsyouenter
control codes. If your systemincludesthe file EDLIN.COM, however, you
can easily create a setup filewith the DOS line editor.

An appropriate name for this setup file would be NLQELITE.DAT.
To use the DOS lineeditor, type the command EDLIN NLQELITE.DAT,
then type the underlined parts of the following display. Press RETURN
at the end of each line. Don’t type the symbol “A”. This symbolmeans to
hold the CTRL key down while pressing the next key: for example, ‘V
means to type CTRL-V. ‘C means to type CTRL-C, which indicates the
end of the input.

A>EDLIN NLQELITE . DAT
New file

l:WAV[xlAv[!AvA-v[xAvL\

2:*-(-J

—

“V indicates that the followingcharacter is a control code. ‘V[ enters
the < ESC> code. < ESC > has character code 27, and “[” is the 27th
character in ASCII sequencefrom A. Similarly, ‘VA enters the control
code z 1> and *VL enters the control code <12>. Seeyour DOS manual
if you need further information about EDLIN.

You can now setup the printer by sendingit the fileNLQELITE.DAT.
To avoid unnecessary logging of commands, switch hard-copy output off
(by pressing CTRL-PRTSC if hard copy is on). To print the file
README.DOC in NLQ elite type, give the followingtwo commands:

A>COPY NLQELITE . DAT PRN
A)PRINT README. DOC

For greater convenienceyou can make a batch file that will set up the
printer and print any specifiedtile with a singlecommand. To create such
abatch filewiththenameNLQPRINT. BAT, typeinthefirstfourlinesshown
next. ‘Z means to press the CTRL and Z keys simultaneously. To use this
fileto print README.DOC, type the fifth line.

A)COPY CON NLQPRINT . BAT
COPY NLQELITE . DAT PRN
PRINT %1

“z

A>NLQPRINT REA~ME . DOC

.

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

The first above line is a copy command from the CONsole screen to
a filenamed NLQPRINT. BAT. The next two lines are the contents of this
file. The

‘XO1 is a dummy parameter:

whatever file name you type after

NLQPRINT willbe substituted for %1 and printed.

PROGRAMMING THE PRINTER WITH BASIC

As an example of programming the printer in Microsoft BASIC, we
have listedthe program for the IBM-PC that printed the sample of features
shown at the beginningof this manual. This program runs in the printer’s
Standard mode (DIP switch 1-6 ON).

40

—

—

—

—

—

1““

1’

i

1000 ‘ Set control codes
1010 E$=CHR$(27)
1020 D$=E$+’’xO”
1030 N$-E$+’’x1°

1040 C$=E$+’’kO’’+N$
1050 S$=E$+’’kl’’+N$
1060 Ol$==E$+’’k2’’+N$

1070 02$=E$+’’k3’’+N$
1080 H$=CHR$(9)
1090 P$=E$+”P”
1100 ‘

1110 WIDTH“LPT1:’’,255

1120 LPRINT E$;’’D’’;CHR$(3);CHR$(13);CHR$(0)‘SetHT

1130 LPRINT C$;’’Typestylesare:”

1140 LPRIN’TH$;D$;’’Draftcharacters.“

1150 LPRINT H$;C$;’’Couriercharacters,”
1160 LPRINT H$;S$;’’Sanserifcharacters,”
1170 LPRINTH$;Ol$;’’Oratorwith small caPitals,or “
1180 LPRINT H$;02$;”

1190 LPRINT E$;”4”;
1200 LPRINT H$;02$;’’and“;Ol$;’’italics“;S$;’’for“;
1210 LPRINT C$;’’all“;D$;’’styles.”
1220 LPRINT E$;”5”

1230 LPRINT C$;’’Printpitchesare:”
1240 LPRINT H$;P$;’’Picapitch,”
1250 LPRINT H$;E$;’’M’’;”Elitepitch,”
1260 LPRINT H$;CHR$(15);‘Condensedpitch
1270 LPRINT P$;’’Condensedpica pitch,”

1280 LPRINT H$;E$;’’M”;
1290 LPRINT P$;
1300 LPRINT CHR$(18)

1310 LPRINT H$;E$;’’P1”;
1320 LPRINT “proportional spacing for all pitches, ”
133o LPRINT E$;’’PO”
1340 LPRINT H$;E$; ’’Wl’’Expanded,ed, “;E$;’’WO”;

1350 LPRINT E$; ’’wl’’Doublebheightght, “;E$;’’wO”

1360 LPRINT H$;E$; ’’h’’;CHR$(l) ;“Double–sized, “
1370 LPRINT H$;E$; ’’h’’;CHR$(2); “Quad-sized. “;

1380 LPRINT E$;’’h’’;CHR$(O)
1390 LPRINT :LPRINT

1400 LPRINT E$;’’Q’’;CHR$(47) ‘Set right margin

1410 LPRINT C$;’’Various line and character Spacings:”

1420 LPRINT E$;’’al”
1430 FOR 1=1 TO 10

1440 LPRINT E$;’’A’’;CHR$(I); ‘Set line Spacing

1450 LPRINT E$;” ‘;CHR$(I); ‘Increase character Space

1460 LPRINT “THE SPACINGSARECHANGED”

1470 NEXT I

1480 FOR 1=10 TO 1 STEP –1

Start printing

‘Escape code
‘Draft quality

‘Near letterquality
‘Couriercharacters
‘Sanserifcharacters

‘Orator with small capital
‘Orator with lower case
‘Horizontal tab
‘Pica pitch

with lower case characters,”

‘Selectitalics

‘Cancelitalics

“Condensedelite pitch,”;

‘Picapitch
‘Cancelcondensedprint

‘Select proportional spacing
‘Cancel proportional spacing

‘Center text

41

1490

LPRINT

1500

LPRINT
LPRINT

1510

1520

NEXT I

LPRINT

1530

1540

LPRINT

1550

LPRINT

1560

LPRINT

1570

LPRINT
LPRINT

1580

LPRINT

1590
1600

LPRINT

1610

LPRINT
LPRINT

1620
1630

LPRINT
GOSUB 2020

1640
1650

LPRINTH$;C$;’’Downloadcharacters:“;
LPRINT D$;E$;’’%1”;

1660

FOR 1=1 TO 5

1670
1680

LPRINT CHR$(60);
NEXT I

1690
1700

LPRINT E$;’’%O”:

1710

GOSUB 2120
LPRINT C$;E$;’’%1”;

1720

FOR 1=1 TO 5

1730
1740

LPRINT CHR$(60);
NEXT I

1750

LPRINT E$;’’%O”

1760

LPRIN’TH$;C$;

1770

DIM LOGO$(4)

1780
1790

RESTORE2630
FOR ROW-1 TO 4

1800

FOR COL=l”TO 100

1810

READ DG

1820

LOGO$(ROW)=LOGO$(ROW)+CHR$(DG)

1830

NEXT COL

1840
1850

NEXT ROW

LPRINT E$;’’A’’;CHR$(8);

1860

FOR ROW==lTO 4

1870

LPRINT H$;H$;

1880
1890

LPRINT E$;
LPRINT CHR$(1OO);CHR$(O);

1900
1910

LPRINT LOGO$(ROW)
NEXT ROW

1920

LPRINT E$;’’f!”

1930

END

1940

E$;“A“;CHR$(I);
E$;“

“;CHR$(I);

“THE SPACINGSARE CHANGED”

E$;“aO” ‘Leftjustify
E$;’’3’’;CHR$(36);‘Set 1/6” line spacing
E$;”

“;CHR$(0); ‘Normal character space

:LPRINT
C$;”Other features:M
H$;E$; ’’E”; “Emphasized”;E$;’ ’F”;”, “;
E$;”G”;
H$;E$; ’’-1”;
E$; ”–l”;
H$;E$; ’’SO”;

“Double-strike’’; E$; “H’’;’’,”

“Underlining’’; E$;’’-O”; “, “;

.@er~lnlng’’ ;E$;’’-O. ;ti,u

“SUPERSCRIPT’’;E$;”T”;“, “:

E$;’’S1”; “SUBSCRIPT’’;E$;“T’’;’’,”

‘Selectdownloadcharacter
‘Printd~wnloadcharacter

‘Selectnormalcharacter
‘Selectdownloadcharacter
‘Printdownloadcharacter
‘Selectnormal character

“Dotgraphics:”

‘Set8/72”

“*’’;CHR$(O);‘Selectnormaldensity

‘Initializeprinter

2000
2010
2020

‘ SUBROUTINES
‘ Define draft downloadcharacter

line spacing

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

-.

L

L.

.

L-

,—

L

L-

,

L.

L.

—.

2030

LPRINT D$;E$;“:“;CHR$(O);CHR$(O);CHR$(O);
LPRINT IZ$;“&”;CHR$(0);CHR$(60);CHR$(60);

2040
2050

RESTORE 2520

2060

FOR

2070

2080

2090

2100

M=O TO 11

READ MM
LPRINT CHR$(MM);
NEXT

M

RETURN
2110
2120
2130
2140
2150
2160
2170
2180
2190
2200

‘ Define NLQ downloadcharacter

LPRINT C$;E$;’’:”;

CHR$(0);CHR$(O);CHR$(0);
LPRINT E$;’’&’’;CHR$(O);CHR$(60);CHR$(60);
RESTORE 2560
FOR

M-O TO 46

READ MM
LPRINT CHR$(MM);

NEXT M

RETURN

2500
2510
2520
2530
2540

‘ DATA
‘ Draft download characterdata

DATA 139,124, 0, 66,

4, 64, 36, 16,

DATA 12, 0

2, 16

2550
2560

2570
2580
2590
2600
2610

‘ NLQ downloadcharacterdata
DATA 128, 14, 16, 38,
DATA O,

0, 70,

1, 70, 1, 70,

0, 38,

0, 22, 9, 6, 9

0,126

DATA 6, 8, 6, 0, 28, 32, 14, 64. 14, 0
DATA 14, 0,124. 0,
DATA 16, 14,

0, 14,

0. 12, 64, 12, 32, 14

0, 12, 0
2620
2630
2640
2650
2660
2670
2680
2690
2700
2710
2720
2730
2740
2750

L

2760
2770
2780

L.

1

2790
2800

‘ Dot graphicsdata
DATA O, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 7, 7,
DATA 14, 14, 14, 14. 14, 7, 7, 3,

7, 15

3, 15
DATA 15, 15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
DATA O, 1, 3, 3, 7, 7, 15, 14, 14, 14
DATA 14, 15, 7, 7, 7, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0
DATA O, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
DATA O, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
DATA 1, 3, 7, 7,

7. 15, 14, 14, 14, 14
DATA 14, 7, 7, 3, 3, 15, 15, 15, 0, 0
DATA O, 0, 0, O; O. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA 31,253,252,248,248,240,192, 0,

o, 0, 60.255,

255

7. 7. 7. 7.
240;240; O; O;
121,253,253,255,

255

,255

3

.

0

:255

,255:

3

,

0

:143,

255;143;15

3,

131,193,241

0,

0, 0, 1
7, 7, 7

7, 15
DATA 31, 31, 15, 7, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
DATA O, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,

0, 60,255

43

L

—’

2810 DATA 255,255,255,255,143,15, 7, 7. 7, 7
2820 DATA 3, 3,

3,131,193,241,240,240, 0, 0
2830 DATA 0, 0, 0, 0> 0, 0, or o, 0, 0
2840 DATA

o, 31, 31, 3,129,128,192,192,192.192
2850 DATA 192,224,224,224r224.240,255,255,255.255
2860 DATA 255,127, 0, 0, 0,

0, 63,127,255,255
2870 DATA 255,255,193,128,128,128,128,192,224,240
2880 DATA 252,255,255)255>127s63, 31, 7,
2890 DATA 254,252,248,224,128,
2900 DATA 7, 3,

0. 0> 0, 0,

0, 0. 3, 7. 7

0,

7, 31

31, 31, 3
2910 DATA 129,128,192,192,192,192,192,224,224.224
2920 DATA 224,240,255,255>255,255,255,127, 0, 0
2930 DATA O. 0. 0. or O, 0, 0, 0, 0. 0
2940 DATA
2950 DATA 56, 56,
2960 DATA 128, 0, 0, 0,

0,248,248,240,224,224>112,112,56, 56

56,120,120,240,240,224,224,192

0,192,224,240,240

0,

2970 DATA 240,248,248,248,120,120, 56, 56, 56, 56

2980 DATA 48,112,224,224>224,224,240,240,248,248
2990 DATA 120,120.
3000 DATA 192,128, 0, 0, 0,

56, 56, 56, 56,120>240,224,224

0,248,248,240

0,

3010 DATA 224,224,112,112,56. 56. 56. 56. 56,120
3020 DATA 120,240,240,224,224>192.128, 0, 0, 0
3030 DATA O, 0> 0, 0, 0> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Howtheprogram works

This program begins by assigning a number of printer commands to
BASIC string variables (lines 1000to 1090).Youcan find most ofthese
commands near the beginningofAppendix B.

The WIDTH “LPT1:” 255 statement in line lllOmeansintinite line
width. It prevents the IBM-PC from inserting unwanted carriage returns
and line feedsin graphicsdata.

Actual printing begins in line 1120.Using the preassignedcommands,
the program prints samples of its different type styles, including a line
showingall stylesin italics, followed by samplesof the print pitches, then
somedouble and quadruple-sizedprinting.

Next comes the central attraction oftheprogram: aline oftext printed
twenty times in expanding and contracting loops to give a barrel effect.
Thework isdone by four printer commands: acommand setting the right
margin (line 1400);a centering command (line 1420);acommand to vary

the line spacing(lines 1440and1490); and acommand to micro-adjust the
spacebetweencharacters (lines 1450and 1500).

—

—.

—

—

—

—

.

—

—

—

—

44

—

—

.—

Nexttheprogramreturnstonormalspacingandgivesademonstration
oftheprinter’sword-processingabilities:boldprinting,underlining,sub­scripts,etc.

Therowof automobilesin thenextprintedlineiscreated bydownloading
two newcharacter patterns, which are printed in place of the character”<”
(character 60). Details can be found in Appendix C.

..-

—

%..

L

L

L

i

L

1

L

L

—

The final part of the program usesdot graphicsto print an “S&S”logo.
The dot pattern of the logo was originally laid out on graph paper, then
converted to the data in lines 2640 to 3030with the help of a calculator.
Each number represents eight vertical dots. (See “Graphics commands” in
Appendix B for details. See also Figure C-1 in Appendix C.)

The pattern is printed in four rows, each eight dots high and 100dots
wide.Lines 1800to 1850read the dot data into a stringarray variablenamed
LOGO$. Line 1860sets

thelinespa@gto8/72 inch so that the rows will

connect vertically.The loop in lines 1870to 1940does the printing in four
passesof the print head.

This program can also be run in IBM mode (DIP switch 1-6OFF) if
you changea fewof the linesas shownbelowto allowfordifferencein some
of the commands. You willget a cylinderinstead of a barrel effect, becuase
the IBM mode does not have any command to micro-adjustthe character
spacing.

Modificationsfor IBM mode:

1090 P9KHR$(181
1190 l-PRINfCNR$(28);“4”;
1220 LPRI~ CHI?$(28);“5”

‘Pica pitch

‘8elect italics

‘Cancel italics
1280 ‘ LPRIIWH$;E$;“M”;“Cordeneed elite pitch,”;
1400 LPRItWCHRS(28);“Q”;CHR$(47) ‘Set right margin
1440 LPRIIWE$;“A’’;CI-IR$(I);E$;“2”: ‘Line spacing set

1450 I LPRINTE$;” “;CHR$(l): ‘Increase character Space
1490 LPRItWE$;“A’’;CHR$(I) ;=; “2”;

‘ LFRIIW~; “ “;CHR$(I);

1500
1860 I.PRI~ ~; “A’’;UR$(8) ;=; “2”;

●’Set 8/72”

2030 LPRIIWD$;CHR$(28);“:‘:;CHR$(OI;_(O) ;-(o) ;

2130 WIUI?f C$;CHR$(28); “:“;CHR$(0);-(O) ;H(0) ;

—

45

-

MEMO

—

.

—

—

—

—

46

—.

—

—

—

—

—.

1:“

chapter 5

MAINTENANCE

AND TROUBLESHOOTING

SubjeetscoveredinChapter5 include–

●

Cleaning the printer

●

Replacingthe ribbon

●

Replacingthe print head

●

Troubleshooting

Dust and heat willmake any mechanismwear more quickly. The best
maintenanceispreventive,and the firststepiscorrect location of theprinter.
This iscovered in greater detail in Chapter 1,but in general an environment
comfortable for humans is best for both the computer and the printer.

CLEANING THE PRINTER

Cleaning the printer regularly will prolong its servicelife. Use a damp
cloth on the exterior everyweek or so. For stubborn dirt, you may moisten

L

r

L

~

:

L

the cloth with alcohol or water containing a mild detergent, but be careful
not to spillany liquid into the interior of the printer.

Usea soft brush to removepaper dustand lint from theinterior. A small
vacuum cleaner can also make this task easier, but be very careful not to
bend or injure any electronic parts or wiring. The printer coniains delicate
electronicparts, so only clean those places where you have easy access.

REPLACING THE RIBBON

i-

L

f ;

L

“-.

!

;

E

The printer uses an endless-typeribbon cartridge in which the ribbon
isrecycledautomatically.When the print becomesfaint, it is timeto replace
the ribbon cartridge.

To remove the old cartridge, take off the top cover, grasp the ribbon
cartridge by the two arms at the front and lift straight up. To fit the new
cartridge, guide the ribbon between the print head and platen, then press
down until the cartridge snaps into place. See Figure 5-1.

REPLACING THE PRINT HEAD

The dot matrix print head has a life of about 200milliondots, or years

of normal use. When printing is too light even after replacing the ribbon,

47

igure5-1.Replacing the ribbon cartridge

You’llknow that the print head has reached the end of its servicelife. To
~eplacethe print headl follow the procedure below.

—

.

.

As you remove the old print head, note carefully how the cable is

threaded, so that you can thread the new cable in the same way.
Wa.rnimr: The mint head becomeshot during operation. If you have been

using the printer, wait awhile so ~hat the print head can cool
off.

Turn power OFF and unplug the power cord.

1.
Remove the top cover and ribbon cartridge.

2.
Move the print head carriage toward the right until you can see the

3.
connector cover. Remove the connector cover and pull the cable free

from the connector.
Unscrewthe two screwsthat hold the print head in place and set them

4.
aside.
Disengage the cable from the tabs holding it down, then remove the

5.
print head.
For easy installation of the new print head, move the carriage toward

6.
the left end of the rail.
Place the new print head on its support, seating it on the two pins.

7.
Thread the new cable the same way as the old, securingit under the

8.
three tabs on the print head carriage.
Plug the cable into the connector, inserting it as far as it willgo.

9.

48

—

—

.

—

—

—

.

...

k

1

I

}.-

Screws

fI

-..

1“-”

i --

igure 5-2. Replacing the print head

10. Fasten the print head down with the two screws.

11. Movethecarriageback toward therightand replacetheconnectorcover.
Slidethe connector cover to the left until it locksinto place.

12. Replace the ribbon cartridge and top cover, and plug the power cord
back in.

49

TROUBLESHOOTING

■ H the printer doesn’t print:

●

Check the Power and On Line indicators. Both must be on.

●

Check that the interfacecabk issecurelypluggedin at the computer and
printer ends.

●

Make a test print. (Turn power OFF, hold the On Line or Paper Feed

switchdown,”thenturn powerON.) If the testprint succeeds,the-problem
is not with the printer; try a different printing command, or try using a
differentcable.If thetestprint fails,havetheprintercheckedbya qualified

serviceman.

■ If fanfo/d paper becomes stuck:

. Turn power off, take off the rear cover, remove the paper, and reload

the paper as describedin Chapter 1.

. Make sure the paper is placed so that it feedsinto the printer straight.

■ If label paper becomes stuck:

● Haveaqwlified servicemanremove any labelpaperthat adheres inside

the printer. Do not attempt to remove it yourself.

. Avoid using label paper with any exposed adhesiveareas.

■ If printing is faint, incomplete, or unclear:

● Checkthat & ribboncartridge k installed correctly. If the ribbon

cartridge is old, replace it.

● Adjust the printing gap. SeeChapter 1.

● If ribbon replacement or gap adjustment does not solve the problem,

replace the print head.

.

■ If alltext1sprinted on the came line:

.

SetDIP switch 1-8 to the OFF (front) position.

■ If line spacing is twice as wide as expected:

. Set DIP switch 1-8to the ON (back) position.

■ If you can’t print to the end of the page:

. This is normal.The printer’s paper-out detector detects the end of the

paper and stops printing about an inch above the end.

. You can make the printer ignore the paper-out detector by setting DIP

switch1-5to theOFF (front)position,orby usingthe < ESC> “8”printer
command.

50

—

—

—

:.

-

k

■ If the printed characters don’t match the characters on the

screen:

.-

CheckDIP switches2-2to 2-4.When theseswitchesarenot allON (back),
an international character set is selected and some ASCII symbolsare
changed to other characters. See Appendix D.

Somesoftwareisnotable to displayinternationalcharacters onthe screen.

If you use an international character set you may want to paste labels

L

on the keyboard.

Ifyou are usingthe IBM mode, checkDIP switch 1-7.Someinternational

‘L-

,

‘-

.

.

L.

cfiracters and-symbolsdo not print when this switchis OFF (front).

■ If some printer commands are ignored or executed incor-

rectly:

. Check that the settingof DIP switch 1-6matches the type of printer your

softwaresupports: ON (back) for Star or Epson; OFF (front) for IBM.

● A few commands are mutually exclusive.For example, you cannot get

emphasizedcondensed printing.

■ If you have problems with horizontal tabulation:

● Don’tChangethe margins after setting tabs.

● Don’t change the print pitch after setting tabs. The physical positions

of the tab stops do not adjust to the new print pitch.

,-

L

■ If you have problems with graphics:

●

If you are using commercialsoftware, check that it supports thisprinter,
or a Star, Epson or IBM printer, and that DIP switch 1-6issetcorrectly:
ON (back) for Star or Epson; OFF (front) for IBM.

L

●

Usea hexdump to verifythecodestheprinter isreceiving.Seethegraphics
command descriptionsin Appendix B. Somecomputers insertunwanted

L

commands (such as carnage returns and line feeds)in graphics data, or
change the values of certain codes.

●

L

BASIC programs may require a WIDTH statement. Check your BASIC
manual.

■ If you have problems with download characters:

,

L

(

-

‘-

● checkthatDIP switch 2-1 is OFF (front).

. Make the same checks as for graphics problems.

—

.

—

—

.-

.

—-

—.

—

I‘

i

.

,.

Appendix A

TECHNICALSPECIFICATIONS

—.

—

—

I

—

—

I

L

[

k

L._

L

‘k-

I~

h-

—

1’

i

1-

■ Printing Mechanism

Printing method
Printing speed

Printing direction

Print head

Ribbon

Paper feed

Paper feed speed

9 Interface and Emulation

Interface

Data buffer

Emulation modes

Serialimpact dot matrix

150characters per second (draft pica)

38 characters per second (NLQ pica)
Draft: bi-directional or unidirectional

(selectable),logic seeking
NLQ and graphics: unidirectional, logic

seeking
9 Pins

Life: 200 million dots
Black fabric ribbon cartridge

Life: 1million draft characters
Friction and push-tractor feed

Semiautomaticsheetloading

2.7 inches/second(during page feed)

Centronics-compatible,7 or 8 bit,
TTL-level

4K bytes when not used for download
characters

l-Line buffer when using download

Epson LX-800 and IBM ProprinterII

1-

-

)

1-

1’

-

■ Switches and Indicators

Power switch
Control panel
DIP switches

Rocker switch

4 Membrane switches, 10LED indicators

12pins

53

—.

Specialfeatures

■ Dot Matrix Size

Character matrix

Bit-imagegraphics

■ Character Sets

Standard character set
IBM character set

Panel pitch/stylelock-in
Forward and reverse micro-f-d
Paper parking
Hexadecimaldump

9 x 9 dots (Draft pica)

18x 23 dots (Courier and Orator pica)
18x 18dots (Sanserifpica, elite)
12x 11dots (IBM block graphics, pica)
18x 19dots (Courier and Orator elite)

18x 12 dots (Condensed pica)

18x 10 dots (Condensedelite)

8 x 480 dots at 60 dpi (Singledensity)

9 x 480 dots at 60 dpi (Singledensity)
8 x 576dots at 72 dpi (Plotter mode)
8 x 640dots at 80 dpi (CRT I)
8 x 720dots at 90 dpi (CRT II)
8 x 960 dots at 120dpi (Double density)
9 x 960 dots at 120dpi (Double density)
8 x 960dots at 120dpi (High speed)
8 x 1920dots at 240 dpi (Quadruple den­sity)

96 ASCII characters

244 characters (ASCII, international
characters, symbols,block graphics)

—

Download characters
International character sets

■ Type Styles and Pitches

Draft type styles
NLQ type styles

54

Max. 192(draft) or 78 (NLQ)

14sets(USA. France. Germany. Emdand.
Denma~k I, ‘Denmark II, Sw~den,-Italyi
Spain I, Spain II, Japan, Norway, Latin

America, Denmark/Norway)

Draft, draft italic
Courier, SanSerif,Orator (with lowercase

or small capitals), and italic versions of
these

L-.

Extra-1argecharacters

Doublewidth,doubleheight,doublewidth
andheight,quadruplewidthandheight

Print pitches

Pica (10cpi)

Elite (12 cpi)
Condensed pica (17cpi)

,-

Condensed elite (20 cpi) (Standard mode
only)
Proportional spacing can be selected for
each of the above

L.

L.

,-

Line spacing

Column width

1/6inch (standard)
1/8,n/72, or n/216inch (programmable)

8 inches
Pica: 80 characters
Elite: 96 characters
Condensed pica: 137characters
Condensed elite: 160characters

■ Paper Specifications

Singlesheets

140 to 216 mm (5.5 to 8.5 inches) wide,

0.07 to 0.10 mm thick

Fanfold paper

102to 254 mm (4 to 10inches)wide

0.07 to 0.10mm thick (single-ply)
Max. 0.28 mm thick (3-ply)

Numberofcopies

L

■ Dimensions and Weight

Dimensions

Max.3 (original+ 2 copies)

Width 384mm (15.1inches)
Depth 287.5mm (11.3inches)

Height 108mm (4.3 inches)

-.

Weight

4.7 kg (10.3pounds)

■ Electrical Specifications

Line voltage

..

120VAC f 10VO
220VAC * 10Yo
240~AC * 10%

.

.-

Line frequency
Power consumption

e

(varies according to the country of pur­chase)

50 or 60 Hz

TyP. 36 W, Max. 80 W

Insulation resistance 10megohms between AC power line and

chassis

Dielectricstrength Withstands 1 kVAC rrns at 50 or 60 Hz

between AC power line and chassis for
at least 1minute

■ Environmental Requirements

Operating temperature 5 to 40”C(41 to 104”F)
Operating humidity 10% to 80?4.(no condensation)
Storage temperature

–30 to 65°C (–22 to 149”F)

Storage humidity 10VOto 95% (at 40”C)(no condensation)

■ option

Automatic sheet feeder

■ Interface Signa/s

PinNo.

1

Signal

Name

s

TROBE

Direetion Function

IN

Goes from High to Low (for at least 0.5

microseconds)when data are valid.

2
3
4

5
6
7
8
9 DATA8

DATA1
DATA2

DATA3

DATA4
DATA5
DATA6
DATA7

m
IN
IN Eight-bit character data. DATA8 is the

I-N
IN

rnos~ugrdicant bit; .DATA1 1s the least
slgmficantbit. H@ ]s logic1and Low is
logic o.

IN
IN
IN

10 OUT 5-Microsecond Low pulse acknowledges

receiptof data.

11

BUSY

OUT Low when the printer is ready to accept

Idata.

12 PAPER OUT

OUT

IGoes Hick

Can be geld Low?rrnanentlyby turning

..1if the printer runs out of paper.

~T’Pswitch 1-50 .

1when the printer is on-line.

Unused

AL Signalground.

—.

.—

—

.

—

—

[7 CHASSIS Printer’schassisground,isolated from sig-

1

GND

nal ground.

56

—

—

p..

r-

PinNo. N=

18

19-30 GND

31 m
32 ERROR

33 EXT GND
34,35~N/C

~36

Signal

+ 5VDC

Direction

OUT

IN

OUT

I

IN

Function

Externalsupplyof + 5VDC.
Twistedpair return signalgroundlevel.
Lowinputresetstheprinterto itspower-up

condition.
GWSLowto signalthat the.printercannot

print due to an error conchtion.

Externalground.
IUnused.
IAlways High.

58

—

—

.—

AppenciixB

PRINTERCONTROLCOMMANDS

This appendix describes the printer’s control commands. The commands are
arranged by function. The name of each command is followedby a table like the
one below:

Mode ASCII

< ~~~ > “XX “,>!

I

IBO’hl<Esc> ~,, <,>

Mode:

ASCII:

Decimal:
Hexadecimal:

Parameters for which values must be supplied are indicated by italic letters

such as n.

Many commands have alternative forms. Some commands use <
(character code 27) in Standard mode and < FS> (character code 28) in IBM
mode. Other commands have parameters that can be specifiedas either character
codes or digit characters, like the parameter 1 in the sample command above.

Indicates the mode in which the command is recognized.
Std.
IBM IBM mode (DIP switch 1-6off)
Both Both standard and IBM modes

Indicates the ASCII coding of the command. Control
characters are enclosed inpointed brackets: For example,

<()> means character code ().

Gives the command in decimal character codes.
Gives the command in hexadecimal character codes.

Standard mode (DIP switch 1-6on)

Decimal

I
I 27 120 49

I 27 120 1

Hexadecimal

I
I IB 78 31

IIB 78 01

ESC>

FONT CONTROL COMMANDS
Select draft quality characters

Mode

Both

IBM

ASCII

< ESC > “x”

<ESC> “ “x<()>
<Esc >
<ESC> “I” <0>

“1”

“o”

-0”

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 120 48
27 120 0
27 73 48
27 73 0 IB 49 00

IB 78 30
IB 78 00
IB 49 30

Changesfrom nearletter qualityto draft quality.Ignoredif the NLQ
TypeStyleswitchwaspressedduringpower-up.

I

59

Select draft elite characters

Mode ASCII

IBM

< ~~~ > “~.! c’,>.

<ESC> “I”

<1>

Changes to draft quality characters with elite pitch (12 cpi). Ignored if
the NLQ Type Style switch was pressed during power-up.

Select IVf.Qcharacters

Mode ASCII

Both

< ~~~ > “ >7 “,,!
< ESC > “ “’x<1>

x

Changes from draft quality to near letter quality. Ignored if the NLQ

Type Style switch was pressed during power-up.

Se/ect M& type style

Mode ASCII
Both

< ESC >

“k” n 27 107 n

Selects an NLQ type style according to the value of n. In draft mode,
this command remains

lectedby <ESC>
pressedduringpower-up.

n Type style

O Courier (initial value)

1 Sanserif
2 Orator with small capitals
3 Orator with lower case

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 73 49
2’7 73 1

Decimal
27 120 49 IB 78 31
27 120 1

Decimal

IB 49 31
IB 49 01

Hexadecimal

IB 78 01

Hexadecimal

IB 6B n

dormantandtakeseffectlaterwhenNLQis se-

“x” 1. Ignoredif the NLQ Type Style switchwas

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Select Sanserif characters

Mode ASCII

IBM

< ESC > “1”

<ESC> “I” <2>

“2”

Changesto the Sanserif NLQ font. Ignored if the NLQ Type Styleswitch
was pressed during power-up.

60

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 73 50

27 73 2

IB 49 32
IB 49 02

—

—

—

Select Courier characters

IModel ASCII

Esc > 4’1”

I I

IBM

I

<

<Esc > “1”
<~s~ > ‘q!. UT,.

<

Esc > “1”

I

“y,

<3>

<7>

Changesto theCourierNLQfont. IgnorediftheNLQTypeStyleswitch
waspressedduringpower-up.

Select italic characters

Mode ASCII

std.

IBM I

<Esc>

I

<Fs> “4”

“4”

Causes subsequent characters to be printed in italics. Ignored if the

TypeStyleswitchwaspressedduringpower-up.

Select upright characters

Mode ASCII

Std.

IIBMI

<Esc > “5”

I

<Fs> “5”
Stops italic printing and causes subsequent characters to be printed up-

right. Ignored ifthe

NLQTypeStyleswitchwaspressedduringpower-up.

Emphasized printing

I Decimal
I 27 73 51 I IB 49 33

I Hexadecimal I

I27 73 3 IIB 49 03
I27 73 55 IIB 49 37

, ,

I27 73 7 !IB 49 07

Decimal Hexadecimal

I27 52 IIB 34
] 28 52 IIC 34

I

Decimal

Hexadecimal

I

j 2-1 53 ] IB 35
I 28 53 1IC 33

I

I

I

NLQ

I

1
I

Mode ASCII

Both < ESC >

“E” 27 69 IB 45

Causes subsequent draft characters to be emphasized by adding extra
thickness to vertical strokes.

Cancel emphasized printing

Mode

BothI <ESC>

ASCII

“F,.

Cancels emphasized printing.

I

Decimal

Decimal

Hexadecimal

Hexadecimal

I

I 27 70 i IB 46

61

Double-strike printing

--

Mode ASCII

Both <ESC>

“G”

Causes subsequent characters to be printed in double-strike mode with
a slight vertical paper motion in between, causing a thickening of hori­zontal strokes.

For bold print, use of double-strike is recommended in NLQ mode, and
combined use of emphasized and double-strike is recommended in draft
mode.

Double-strike cannot be used with superscripts or subscripts.

Cancel double-strike printing

Mode ASCII

Both

<ESC> “H”

Cancels double-strike printing.

Start underlining

Mode ASCII

Both

< ESC > C*.”

<ESC> ‘$-”

Causes subsequent characters to be underlined. IBM block graphics

characters and spacesskippedbyhorizontal tabulation are not underlined.

‘<,>,

<1>

Stop underlining

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 71 IB 47

Decimal

Hexadecimal

27 72 IB 48

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 45 49

IB 2D 31

27 45 1 IB 2D 01

—

..—

Mode

Both

1

ASCII

< ~sc > ‘.-,! “0,,

<ESC> CC-”

Stops underlining.

Start overlining

Mode ASCII

Both

< Esc > ‘, ,. “~!!

<ESC> “-”

Causes subsequent characters to be overlined. Spaces skipped by hori-

zontal tabulation are not overlined.

62

<0>

<1>

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 45 48 IB 2D 30
27 45 0 IB 2D 00

Decimal

27 95 49

Hexadecimal

IB 5F 31

27 95 1 IB 5F 01

—

—

—

—

—

—

I ~~•

1-

I’

I ~~•

I -

.

Stop over/ining

Mode ASCII

Both “

< ESC > “-” “O”

<Esc > “-”

Stopsoverlining.

<()>

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 95 48

IB 5F 30

27 95 II IB 5F MI

L

L

..-

Superscript

Mode

Both

ASCII

< ESC >

<ESC>

“s” “0”

-s,,

<0>

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 83 48 IB 53 30
27 83 0 IB 53 00

Causes subsequent characters to be printed as superscripts. Does not

,,

L-

change the character pitch.

Subscript

L

.—

L
i

i

t

Mode

ASCII Decimal

I

< ESC >

“s” “l”

IBOthl<Esc> -y <,>

Causes subsequentcharacters to be printed as subscripts.Does not change
the character pitch.

Cance/ aaperscript or subscript

Mode
Both

ASCII

< ESC >

“T” 27 84 IB 54

Stops printingsuperscriptsor subscriptsand returnsto normalprinting.

Hexadecimal

t 27 83 49

t
I27 83 1

Decimal Hexadecimal

IIB 53 31

1

IIB 53 01 I

CHARACTER SET COMMANDS

L

Select standard character set

Mode

Std.

,-

!

i
.,—

ASCII Decimal

< ESC > “t,! ,,0?$

<ESC> “t” <(J>

thestandardcharacterset.Thisisthepower-updefaultinStandard

Selects

27 116 48

27 116 0 IB 74 00

mode if DIP switch 1-7 is ON. The standard character set cannot be
selected in IBM mode.

Hexadecimal

IB 74 30

63

L

-..

Se/ect/BM character set

—

Mode ASCII

Std.

<~~~> ‘,t,, ‘.~>,

<ESC> “t”

<1>

Selects an IBM character set (character set #2 unless an <ESC> “7”
command has been received). Ignored in IBM mode, since the IBM
character set is selected automatically.

Select IBM character set #l

Mode ASCII

Both

<ESC> “ “

7

Selects IBM character set #1. If the standard character set is currently
selected, this command remains dormant and takes effect at the next

< ESC> “t” 1 command. In IBM mode, character set #1 is the power-up

default if DIP switch 1-7is OFF.

Select IBM character set #2

Mode ASCII
Both I -=ESC > “6”

Selects IBM character set #2. If the standard character set is currently

selected, this command remains dormant and takes effect at the next

< ESC > “t” 1 command. In IBM mode, character set #2 is the power-up

default if DIP switch 1-7is ON.

I
I 27 54 I

Select international character set

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 116 49

IB 74 31

27 116 1 IB 74 01

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 55 IB 37

Decimal

Hexadecimal

I

IB 36

—

—

—

—

—

—

{

Mode ASCII

<

Std.

ESC> “R” n

I

IBM <FS> “R” n

Selects an international character set according to the value of n.

n Character set

O U.S.A

1 France
2 Germany
3 England
4 DenmarkI
5 Sweden
6 Italy

64

Decimal

27 82 n

I

Hexadecimal

I

IB 52 n

I

] 28 82 n IIC 52 n

n Character set
7 Spain I

8 Japan
9 Norway

10Denmark II
11Spain II
12Latin America
13Denmark/Norway

I

{

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

The first eight of these character sets (from U.S.A. to Spain I) can be
selected as power-up defaults by DIP switches2-2 to 2-4.

Enable printing of all character codes

Mode ASCII

IBM

i-

k

<ESC> “\”

Enablesprinting ofall characters in the IBM character set, includingthose
assignedto character codes whichare normally considered control codes.

nl n2

Decimal

27 92 nl n2

Hexadecimal

I

IB SC

nl n2

This command remains in effect for the next nl + n2x 256 characters,
where nl and n2 are numbers between O and 255. During this interval
no control functions are executed. If a code with no assigned character
is received, the printer prints a space.

Enable printing of all character codes on next character

r

Mode ASCII

IBM

<~~~> “.3,

I

Decimal

I27 94

This command operates like < ESC> “\” except that it remains in effect
for only one character.

Hexadecimal

IIB 5E

I

Select s/ash zero

Mode ASCII

Both

< ESC >

<ESC>

Causes subsequent zero characters to be overprinted with a slash (0).

“-” “1”

“-” <1>

Decimal

27 126 49

27 126 1

Hexadecimal

IB 7E 31
IB 7E 01

Select normal zero

Mode ASCII

I

< ESC >

<

Both

I

Causes subsequent zero characters to be printed normally (0), without
a slash.

ES(7 >

— --

“-” “ “

0

“w”

<o>

Decimal

27 126 48
27 126 0

,

Hexadecimal

IB 7E 30
IB 7E 00

!

65

CHARACTER SIZE AND PITCH COMMANDS

Pica pitch

—

IModel ASCII

IStd. I <ESC> “P”

IBM I

<DC2> 18 I 12

I Decimal

I

27 80 IIB 50

I Hexadecimal I

I

In Standard mode, changes from elite to pica pitch (10 cpi) or from
condensed elite to condensed pica (17cpi). In IBM mode, changes from
either elite or condensed to pica (10cpi). Ignored if the Print Pitch switch
was pressed during power-up.

Elite pitch

ASCII

< ESC > “M”

IBM ]

<ESC> “:”

In Standard mode, changes from pica to elite pitch (12 cpi) or from

Decimal

I
I 27 77

Hexadecimal

I
I IB 4D

I27 58 IIB 3A

I

..—

.

condensed pica to condensed elite (20 cpi). In IBM mode, changes from

either pica or condensed to elite (12cpi). Ignored if the Print Pitch switch
was pressed during power-up.

—

Condensed printing

Mode ASCII

< SI >

i

Both

<ESC>

<SI>

In Standard mode, changes from pica to condensed pica (17cpi) or from
elite to condensed elite (20 cpi). In IBM mode, changes from either pica
or elite to condensed(17cpi). Ignored ifthe Print Pitch switchwaspressed
during power-up.

Cancel condensed printing

Decimal Hexadecimal

I 15

27 15

I

]OF
I IB OF

—

I

Mode ASCII
Both I < DC2 >

In Standard mode, changes from condensed pica to normal pica or from
condensed elite to normal elite. In IBM mode, alwayschanges to normal
pica. Ignored if the Print Pitch switch was pressed during power-up.

Decimal

I

I 18 I 12

Hexadecimal

I

I

—

—

—

—

66

—

“-

Expanded printing

Mode

Both

ASCII

< ESC >

<ESC>

‘.~,, <’,.>

“w” < I>

27 87 49

27 87 1

Causes subsequent characters to be expanded to double width.

Cancel expanded printing

Mode ASCII

<F.sc>

Both

I

—--

<ESC>

Stops

“w” “0”
“w” <rJ>

expandedprintingand returnsto normalwidth.

Expanded printing for

Mode ASCII

Both

<so >

< ESC >

<so >

Causes subsequentcharacters in the current line to be expanded to double
width.Characters return to normal width after the nextlinefeed(< LF > ).
The <DC4 >, <VT>, < FF >, and < ESC> “W” Ocommands also
cancel expanded printing.

one line

I

27 87 48 I IB 57 30

I

,
I27 87 0

14

27 14

Cancel one-he expanded printing

Mode

Both

ASCII Decimal

<DC4>

20 14

Stops one-line expanded printing set with < SO> or < ESC> < SO>.
Does not cancel < ESC> “W” 1.

Decimal

Decimal

Decimal

Hexadecimal

IB 57 31
IB 57 01

Hexadecimal

I

IIB 57 00

Hexadecimal

OE

IB OE

Hexadecimal

1

Select proportional spacing

Mode ASCII

Both

IBM

< ESC > {’ ,? “~,,

<ESC> “ “

<ESC> “P”

P

<1>

P

<1>

Causes subsequent characters to be proportionally spaced. Ignored if
the Print Pitch switch was pressed during power-up.

Decimal

27 112 49

Hexadecimal

IB 70 31
27 112 1 IB 70 01
27 80 1

IB 50 01

Select fixed spacing

—

~Mode ASCII Decimal

Both

< ESC > “ “

<ESC> “ “P<()>

IBM <ESC>

P

“P”

“o”

<()>

27 112 48

27 112 0 IB 70 00
27 80 0 IB 50 00

Causes subsequent characters to be printed with fixedcharacter spacing.
Ignored if the Print Pitch switch was pressed during power-up.

Se/ect master print mode

IModel ASCII I Decimal

BothI

<ESC> n 27 33 n IB 21 n

Selects a combined print mode according to the value of n, The value
of n is the sum of the values given below for the desired characteristics.
Examples: n = 1 gives elite; n = 9 (1 + 8) gives emphasized elite; n

= 137(1 + 8 + 128)gives underlined emphasized elite.

[*1] Ignored if the NLQ Type Style switch was pressed during
[*2] Ignored if the Print Pitch switch was pressed during

‘c,!!

Function
Underline

Italic [*1]
Expanded 32
Double strike
Emphasized
Condensed [*2]
Proportional [*2]
Elite [*2]

power-up.
power-up.

Increase character spacing

Hexadecimal

IB 70 30

I Hexadecimal I

n value

128

64

16

8
4
2

1

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Mode

Std.

I

68

ASCII

< ESC > “ “ n

I

Decimal

I
I 27 32 n I

Hexadecimal

IB 20 n

,

Increases the space between characters by n/240 inches, where n is a
number from Oto 127. Used in microjustification.

—

1

—

—

-.

—

Select double or quadruple size

-.

,—

—.

—

.

—

.

IMode! ASCII

Both

<ESC> “h- n

Selects the size of subsequent characters as shown below. Extra-high

characters align akmg the cap-line of normal characters, with the base

iine temporarily movingdown. Line spacingis temporarily doubled when

n = 1, 5 or 6 and quadrupled when n = 2. To print correctly when n

=

3,4,5 or 6, setthe line spacingto 24/216(1/9)ofan inch with < ESC>

“3” <24>, and printthesamecharacters
lower half on the next. For accurate alignment of the two halves, select
unidirectional printing with < ESC> “U” <1>.

n Effect

O Normal size

1 Double-high, double-wide
2 Quadruple-high, quadruple-wide
3 Double-high, double-wide(Lower half only)
4 Double-high,double-wide (Upper half only)
5 Quadruple-high, quadruple-wide (Lower half only)
6 Quadruple-high, quadruple-wide (Upper half only)

Print double-height characters

Mode ASCII

Both

< ESC > “w” “l”

<ESC> “w”

<1>

Prints subsequent characters at double height without moving the base
line, and without changing the line spacing. Temporarily cancels
super/subscript and condensed printing modes.

Return to normal height

I Decimal

I Hexadecimal I

27104 n IB 68 n

twice, upper half on one line,

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 119 49

IB 77 31

27 119 1 IB 77 01

I

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 119 48 IB 77 30

27 119 0 IB 77 00

—

Mode

Both

ASCII

< ESC >

<ESC>

“w”

“w”

“o”

<0>

Terminates double-height printing and prints subsequent characters at
normal height. Resumes super/subscript and condensed printing if these
modes were in effect before double height was selected.

L.-

L-

~-

,—

-.

Select character height, width, and line spacing

—

Mode ASCII

<

Esc> 6’ “

Both

“@” <4>

[

<0> <0> <1)> n

m m m

I

27 91 64 4

Selects a combination of character height, width, and line spacing ac-

cording to the value of

n Line spacing

n and m, as below. Does not move the base line.

I

Unchanged
Unchanged
Unchanged
Single
Single
Single
Double
Double

Double

m

1

Singlewidth (same as < ESC> “W” O)

Character width

2 Double width (same as < ESC> “W” 1)

Double-heightcharacters are alwaysprinted at near letter quality. Double
height printing temporarily cancels the super/subscript and condensed
printing modes, but these modes resume when the printer returns to
normal height.

VERTICAL POSITION COMMANDS

Decimal

Hexadecimal

I

IB 5B 40 04

Ooon 00 00 00 n

Character height

I
Unchanged
Singleheight
Double height
Unchanged
Singleheight
Double height
Unchanged
Singleheight
Double height

I

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Set line spacing to 1/8 inch

Mode

Both]

ASCII

<ESC> “0”

Sets the distance the paper advances or reverses in subsequent line feeds
to 1/8 inch.

I

] 27

Decimal

48

Hexadecimal

I
I

IB 30

—

.-.

—

—

—

Set line spacing to 7172inch

Mode ASCII
Both

< ESC > “]”

Decimal Hexadecimal

2’749 IB 31

Sets the distance the paper advances or reverses in subsequent line feeds

to 7/72 inch.

Set line spacing to 1/6 inch

Mode ASCII

std.

<Esc>

Sets the distance the paper advanmx or reverses in subsequent line feeds
to 1/6inch.

,’y

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 50

Set line spacingto n1216inch

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both <ESC>

Sets the distance the paper advances or reverses in subsequent line feeds
to n/216 inch, where n is between Oand 255. If n= O,in Standard mode
the line-feeddistance isset toO,but in IBM mode thiscommandisignored.

“~,, ~

27 51 n

Set line spacing to n172inch

Mode ASCII
Both < ESC >

In Standard mode, sets the distance the paper advances or reverses in
subsequent line feeds to n/72 inch, where n is between O and 85. If

=

O,the line spacing is set to O.
In IBM mode this command does the same except that (1) the new Iine
spacing does not take effect until the next < ESC> “2” command, and
(2) if n = O,the < ESC> “A” command is ignored.

,c~n ~

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 65 n

IB 32

Hexadecimal

IB 33 n

IB 41 n

*

n

Execute < ESC> “A”

IModel ASCII I Decimal I Hexadecimal I

Sets the line spacing to the value defined by the last preceding < ESC>

“A”

command. Sets the line spacing to 1/6 inch if there is no preceding

< ESC > “A” command.

71

Line feed

Mode ASCII

Both

<LF>

I

] 10

Decimal

Hexadecimal

OA

Prints the current line and feeds the paper to the next line. If DIP switch

1-2is ON, also moves the next print position to the left margin. See the

preceding commands for the line spacing.

Reverse line feed

Mode ASCII
Both < ESC >

Prints the current line and feeds the paper in the reverse direction to the

precedingline. If DIP switch 1-2is ON, also movesthe next print position

to the left margin. See the preceding commands for the line spacing.
Ignored when friction feed is used.

LF> 27 10

<

Decimal

Hexadecimal

IB OA

Perform one n/216-inch line feed

Iklodel ASCII I Decimal I Hexadecimal I

Both

<ESC>

Feeds the paper once by n/216 inches, where

“J” ~

27 7’4 n

IB 4A n

n is between 1 and 255.

Does not move the print position right or left when DIP switch 1-2 is
OFF. Does not change the line-spacing setting. Ignored when friction
feed is used.

Perform one n/276-inch reverse line feed

Mode ASCII

BothI

<ESC> “i” n

Feeds the paper once by n/216 inches in the reverse direction, where n

is between 1and 255.Does not move the print position right or left when

DIP switch 1-2is OFF. Does not changethe line-spacingsetting. Ignored

when friction feed is used.

Decimal

I

I27 106 n IIB 6A n

Hexadecimal

I

Feed paper n /ines

—

—

—

—

—

—

Mode ASCII

Both

< ESC >

<ESC> “F’

Feeds the paper n lines from the current line, where n is between Oand

127.

IL

“f’ “l”

<1> n

Decimal Hexadecimal

n 27 102 49 n

27 102 1 n IB 66 01 n

IB

66 31 n

—

—

—

Set top of page at current position

Mode ASCII

IBM

<ESC> “4”

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 52 IB 34

Sets the current position as the top-of-page position. Note that this can

also be done from the control panel.

Set page length ton lines

Mode ASCII
Both < ESC >

“c” n

Setsthe page lengthton linesinthecurrent linespacing,wherenisbetween
1 and 127in Standard modeor between 1and255inIBM mode.Changing
the line spacing later does not alter the physical page length. The current

L

line becomes the top of the page.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 67

n IB 43 n

Set page length to n inches

L

L

Model ASCII

Both

<ESC>

Sets the page

<0> n

“c”

lengthton inches,where n is between 1and 22in Standard

Decimal

I

27 67 0

n I IB 43 00 n

mode or between 1 and 127in IBM mode. The current line becomes the
top of the page.

Hexadecimal

I

Set top margin

L.

Mode ASCII

Both

<ESC>

“c” n

Sets the top margin to(n–1) lines, wherenisbetween 1 and 255.Printing
beginson the nth line on the page. The power-updefault is n = 1,giving
no top margin.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 99 n IB 63 n

Set bottom margin

Mode ASCII

Both

<ESC>

“N” n

Setsthe bottom margin ton lines,wherenisbetweenOand 127inStandard
mode or between O and 255 in IBM mode. The bottom margin is reset

“-.

!’

when you change the page length.

Decimal Hexadecimal

4E n

27 78 n

IB

Cancel top and bottom margins

Mode ASCli
Both i < ESC >

..*,,

Cancels both the top margin and the bottom margin.

Form feed

ASCII

< FF >

Feeds the paper to the top of the next page according to the current page
length, and moves the print position to the left margin. When the auto­matic sheet feeder (ASF) is selected (DIP switch 1-4is OFF), this com­mand ejects the current page.

Return to top of current page

Mode ASCII
Both i < ESC >

< FF >

Feeds the paper backward to the top of the current page. Ignored when
friction feed is used.

Disable paper-out detector

Mode ASCII
Both I

L

< =C > “8”

&

Causes the printer to disregard the signal sent by the paper-out detector,
enabling printing to the bottom of the paper. Overrides the setting of
DIP switch 1-5.

Decimal

I

127 79

Decimal

I
I 12

Decimal

I
I 27 12

Decimal

I
] 27 56

Hexadecimal

I

I IB 4F

Hexadecimal

I

Ioc

Hexadecimal

I

/ IB OC

Hexadecimal

I

! IB 38

—

I

(

—

—.

Enable paper-out detector

Mode ASCII
Both t < ESC > “9” [ 27 57

Causes the printer to stop printing about an inch before the end of the
paper. Overrides the setting of DIP switch 1-5.

I

Decimal

Set vertical tab stops

Mode ASCII
Both i < ESC >

74

-B,, ~*

n2 ...<0~ 27 66

I

Decimal

Hexadecimal

I
i IB 39

Hexadecimal

I

n] n2 ...0 I IB 42 nl n2...00

—

-.—

Cancels all current vertical tab stops and sets new vertical tab stops at
lines nl,

n2, etc., where nl, n2, etc. are numbers between 1 and 255. A

maximum of 16 vertical tab stops can be set. The tab stops must be
specifiedin ascendingorder; any violation of ascending order terminates
the tab stop list. Standard termination is by the <0> control code. The
vertical tab stops are set in terms of the current line spacing and do not
move if the line spacing is changed later.

Set vertical tab stops every n /ines

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both

< EWJC> “e,, “1,. n

<Esc > “e” <1> n

101 49 n

27

27 101 1 n IB 65 01 n

IB 65 31 n

Cancels all current vertical tab stops and sets new tab stops every nlines,
where n is between 1and 127.

Set vertical tab stops in channel

IModel ASCII

Both

<ESC>

“b”

nO nl

n2 .~O~ n2 ...0 n2 ...00

I Decimal

] Hexadecimal I

27 98 nO id IB 62 nO nl

Cancels all current vertical tab stops in channel nO,(wherenois between

P

Oand 7) and sets new vertical tab stops in this channel. (A channel is a
set of vertical tab stops selected by the < ESC> “/” command.) See

i.

—.

k

:

.

Select vertical tab channel

IModel ASCII

IBothI <ESC> “/” nO I27 47 nO IIB 2F nO I

< ESC> “B” for parameters nl, n2, ... <0>.

I Decimal

I Hexadecimal I

Selects a set of vertical tab stops designated by a channel number

(no)

from Oto 7. The tab stops in each channel are set by < ESC> “b”.

Vertical tab

I Decimal

11

I

I Hexadecimal I

OB

1

1

—

IMode! ASCII

Both

<VT>

Feeds the paper to the next vertical tab stop and moves the print position
to the left margin. Performs a line feed if no vertical tabs are set, as at
power-up. Feeds to the top of the next page if vertical tabs are set but

the current line is at or below the last vertical tab stop.

—

HORIZONTAL POSITION COMMANDS

Set left margin

Mode ASCII
Both

< ESC> “]” n

Sets the left margin at column n (where n is between Oand 255) in the

current character pitch (pica pitch if proportional spacing is seleeted).

The left margin does not move if the character pitch is changed later.
The leftmargin must beat leasttwo columnsto the left of the right margin
and within the limits below:

Decimal

I

27 108 n

Hexadecimal

I

IB 6C n

...

—

Pica O s

n s 76

Elite O S n S 91
Condensed pica
Condensed elite

o s n < 130

O< n < 152
Expanded pica O < n s 38
Expanded elite 05
Expanded condensed pica O s n s 64

b

Expanded condensed elite Os n s 76

The left margin can also be set from the control panel.

n 545

-...

—

Set right margin

Mode ASCII

std. <ESC>
IBM

<Fs>

“Q” n
W“ n

Decimal

27 81 n IB 51 n

28 81 n IC 51

Sets the right margin at column n in the current character pitch (pica
pitch if proportional spacing is currently selected). Column

the last character position in the line. The right margin does not move
if the character pitch is changed later. The right margin must be within
the limits below:

Pica
Elite
Condensed pica
Condensed elite

:

,.

L

Expanded pica
Expanded elite
Expanded condensed pica
Expanded condensed elite

Hexadecimal

n

-.

n becomes

-.

76

The right margin can also be set from the control panel.

-.

---

,_.

:,’

L

—

Set left and right margins

Mode
Both < ESC> “X”

ASCII

nl n2

Sets

the left margin at column nl and the right margin at column n2. See

the

preceding co

mrnands for margin restrictions and other notes.

Decimel

27 88 nl n2

Hexadecimal

I

IB 58 nl n2

Carriage return

—

-.

Mode ASCII
Both

<CR >

Prints thecurrent lineand returns the nextprint position to theleft margin.

If DIP switch 1-8is ON, also performs a line feed.

Decimal Hexadecimal

13 OD

Set automatic line feed

Mode

IBM I

ASCII

<Efjc> “5” <1>

Causes the printer to perform both a carriage return and line feed each

b

time it receives a <CR> code. This command takes priority over DIP
switch 1-8.

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 53 1

IB 35 01

Cancel automatic line feed

Mode

IBM

k –
p

ASCII

<Esc > “5” <()>

Causes the printer to perform only a carriage return when it receivesa

<CR > Wje.

ThiS CO

remand takes priority over DIP switch 1-8.

Decimal

27 53 0

Hexadecimal

IB 35 00

Backspace

Mode
Both -=@=-

ASCII

Moves the print position one column to the left. Ignored if the print

position is at the left margin. This command can be used to overstrike

or combine characters.

Decimal

I

8 08

Hexadecimal

I

Left justify

IModel ASCII I Decimal I Hexadecimal I

Both

c ESC> “a”

<ESC> “a”

syy,

<l)>

27 97 48
27 97 0

IB 61 30

IB 61 00

Aligns subsequent text with the left margin, leaving the right margin
ragged.

Center text

Mode

Both

ASCII

<ESC> “a” “1”
<ESC> “a”

<1>

Centers subsequent text between the left and right margins.

Right

&

justify

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both

c ESC> “a” “2”

<ESC> “a” <2>

Aligns subsequent text with the right margin, leaving the left margin
ragged.

I

Decimal

Hexadecimal

I

27 97 49 IB 61 31
27 97 1 IB 61 01

27 97 50 IB 61 32

2’7 97 2 [B 61 02

Set horizontal tab stops

Model ASCII

BothI

<ESC>

Cancelsall current horizontal tab stops and sets newtab stops at columns

nl, n2,etc. in the current character pitch (picapitch ifproportional spacing

is currently selected), where nl, n2, etc. are numbers between 1and 255.
The maximum number of horizontal tab stops allowed is 32 in Standard
mode and 28 in IBM mode. The tab stops must be specifiedin ascending
order; any violation of ascending order terminates the tab stop list.
Standard termination is by the <O> control code. To clear all tab stops,
specify < ESC > “D” <0 ~.

‘.~n ~~

Decimal

I

n2 ...<0> 27 68

nl d ...0 IB 44 nl n2...00

Hexadecimal

I

1

Set horizontal tab stop every n cohrmns

Model ASCII

<Esc > -e!* “(),? ~

Both

<Esc > “e” <()> n

Decimal

I

27 101 48

27

101 0 n IB 65 00 n

Hexadecimal

I

n IB 65 30 n

I

...
~,:

I

Cancels all current horizontal tab stops and sets new tab stops every n

columns, where n is between 1 and 127.

Reset all tab stops

*

L—.—

I
..
,——

1

I

,

b

Mode

IBM <ESC>

ASCII

‘.R9,

Resets the horizontal tab stops to their power-up values in which a tab
stop is set every 8 column starting at column 9. Also clears all vertical
tab stops.

Horizonta/ tab

Mode

Both

ASCII

<HT>

Moves the print position to the next horizontal tab stop. Ignored if there
is no next horizontal tab stop in the current line. Note that when un­derlining is selected, spaces skipped by horizontal tabulation are not
underliried.

Re/ative horizontal tab

Mode

std.

IBM

ASCII

<

ESC> “ “ nl n2 27 92 nl n2 IB SC nl n2

<FS> “ “ nl n2

\

\

Moves the print position right or left a specified distance (maximum 6

inches).Ignored if the resulting position isbeyond the right or leftmargin.

The formulas for the distance and direction are as follows:

n2is betweenOand 63,the print head movesright by (n] + n2x 256)/120

If
inches

n2 is between 64 and 127, the print head moves left by (nl +

If

[n2– 64] x

256)/120inches

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 82 IB 52

Decimal Hexadecimal

9 09

Decimal Hexadecimal

28 92

nl n2 IC SC nl n2

Absolute horizontal tab in inches

Mode
Both < ESC> “ “

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

ni n2

$

Sets the next print position to (nl + n2 x 256)/60inches from the left
margin on the current line. Ignored if this position is beyond the right
margin. The maximum position is 8 inches.

27 36 nl n2 IB 24 n] n2

Absolute horizontal tab in columns

Model ASCII

Both

<ESC>
<ESC>

Moves the next print position to column

n is between Oand 127.

I

“o” n 27102 48 n

“f’
“r’

<0> n

27102 0 n

Decimal

n from the left margin, where

Hexadecimal

I

[lB 66 30 n

IB 66 00 n

GRAPHICS COMMANDS Print single-density 8-bit graphics

IModel ASCII I Decimal I Hexadecimal !

Both

<ESC>

nl n2

“K”

ml m2 .

27 75

ml m2

nl n2

IB 4B n] n2

ml m2

Prints bit-image graphics at 60 dots per inch horizontally. The graphic
image is 8 dots high and
8 inches (480dots).

nl + n2 x 256 dots wide. Maximum width is

ml, m2, . are the dot data, each a l-byte value from

O to 255 representing 8 vertical dots, with the most significantbit at the
top and the least significantbit at the bottom. The number of data bytes
must be

nl + n2 x 256. Dots beyond the right margin are ignored. At

the endof bit-image printing the printer returns automatically to character
mode.

Print double-density 8-bit graphics

Mode

Both

ASCII

< ESC>

“L” nl n2

ml m2

Decimal

27 76 nl

ml m2

n2

Prints bit-image graphics at 120 dots per inch horizontally (maximum
960 dots wide). See < ESC> “K” for other information.

Hexadecimal

IB 4C

ml m2

nl n2

1

.

+

—

Print double-density, double-speed 8-bit graphics

Mode ASCI!

Both

< ESC>

Prints bit-image graphics at 120dots per inch horizontally (maximum
960 dots wide), skipping every second dot in the horizontal direction.
See < ESC> “K” for other information.

80

“Y” nl

ml m2 ...

n2

Decimal

27 89 nl n2

ml m2 ...

IB 59

ml m2

Hexadecimal

nl n2

—

—

Print quadruple-density 8-bit graphics

,-.

Mode

Both

.-

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

< ESC>

“Z” nl n2

ml m2 ...

27 90 nl n2 IB 5A nl n2

ml m2 ml m2

Prints bit-image graphics at 240 dots per inch horizontally (maximum

1920dots wide), skipping every second dot in the horizontal direction.

See < ESC> “K” for other information.

Select graphics mode

.-

Mode

Both

.

..

i

1-

Convert graphics density

ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

< ESC> “*” n(l nj

n2 ml m2 ...

27 42

nO nl

n2 ml m2 .. n2 ml m2 ...

IB 2A nO nl

Selects one of seven graphics modes depending on the value of no and

prints bit-imagegraphics in this mode. See < ESC> “K” for information

nl, n2, ml, m2, ...

on

no

Graphics mode

O Normal-density

1 Double-density

(60dots per inch)
(120dots per inch)

2 Double-density,double-speed

3 Quadruple-density

4 CRT graphics, mode I

5 Plotter graphics
6 CRT graphics, mode H

(240dots per inch)
(80dots per inch)
(72 dots per inch)
(90dots per inch)

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both

L

..

<ESC> “T’

Converts graphics defined by subsequent < ESC> “K”, < ESC> “L”,

< ESC> “Y” or < ESC> “Z” commands to a density mode defined

by < ESC> C’*”.n is “K”, “L”,
converted.

of <ESC > “*”.

n m

m is a code from <0> to <6> indicating one of the modes

27 63 n m

“Y” or “Z”, indicating the mode to be

Hexadecimal

IB 3F n m

Print 9-pin graphics

Mode ASCII

std.

< ESC> “A” no nl

n2 ml

m2 ...

Decimal

27 94 nO nl IB 5E nO nl

n2 ml m2 ...

Prints bit-image graphics at 60 dots per inch if no = Oor 120dots per
inch if no = 1.The graphics image is 9 dots high and nl + n2x256 dots
wide. Maximum width is 8 inches. Dots beyond the right margin are
ignored.

ml, m2, ... are byte pairs representing 9 vertical dots each. In

the leftmost position, the most significant bit of ml is the top dot; the
least significant bit of
significantbit of

ml is the second dot from the bottom; the most

m2isthe bottom dot; and the other bits ofm2are ignored.

Other byte pairs are similar. The number of data bytes must be 2 x

+ n2 x

256). At the end of bit-image printing the printer returns auto-

matically to character mode.

DOWNLOAD CHARACTER COMMANDS

Copy standard characters from ROM into RAM

Mode ASCII

std.

IBM

<Esc> “:”

<FS>

Copies all the standard characters to the corresponding download char­acter RAM area, overwritingany downloaddata already present. Ignored
when DIP switch 2-1 is ON.

<()><cl><()>27

“:” <t)> <(1> <()> 28 58

Deeimal Hexadecimal

58

000 IB 3A 00 00 00

000 IC 3A 00 00 00

Define draft download characters

Hexadecimal

n2 ml m2 .

—

(nl

—

.

Mode ASCII

< ESC> “&”

<(J> nl

Both n2 mO ml m2

m3... mll

Defines one or more new draft characters and stores them in RAM for
later use. DIP switch 2-1 must be OFF; otherwise RAM is used as an
input buffer, not for downloading characters, and this command is ig­nored. Draft mode must be selected before this command is executed.

nl is the character codeof the first character definedand n2 is thecharacter

code of the last character defined.
and 127or both be between 160and 255.

n2. Use of character codes 32 (space) and 127 (delete code) should be

avoided if possible.
Each character is defined by an attribute byte (mo) and 11 data bytes

(ml, m2,.....

roll).

Decimal

27 38 0

n2 mOml m2 n2 mOml m2

m3...mll

ni and n2 must both be between 32

nl IB 26 00 nl

nl must be equal to or less than

Hexadecimal

m3...mll

—

—

—

The most significant bit of the attribute byte is 1 if the character is an
ascender (positioned entirely above the baseline) or Oif it is a descender
(descending below the baseline). The attribute byte also indicates the
amount of white space to the left of the character (Oto 7 dots, specified
by bits 4 to 6), and the width of the character cell, including this space
(4 to 15 dots, specifiedby bita Oto 3). The left space and cell width at­tributes are used only in proportional spacing.

Each data byte indicates eight vertical dots, with the MSB being the top

dot and the LSB the bottom dot. These correspond to pins 1 to 8 or 2

to 9 of the print head, depending on whether the character is an ascender
or descender.
For further details, please refer to the Appendix C.

Define ML(2download characters

Mode

Both

ASCII

< ESC> “&”

n2 mO ml m2

m3... m46

<0> nl

Decimal Hexadecimal

IB 26 00 nl

27 38 0

n2 mOml m2

m3...m46

nl

n2 mOml m2

m3...m46

Defines one or more new NLQ characters and stores them in RAM for
later use. DIP switch2-1must beOFF. NLQ mode must be selectedbefore

this command is executed. The parameters are the same as for the draft
downloadcharacter commandexcept that the attribute byte specifiesright
space instead of character width and the dot density is doubled in each
direction, so each character consists of 16 dots vertically and 23 dots
horizontally and requires 46 data bytes. Dots defined by
printed on thefirst passofthe head. Dotsdetined by

ml to m23are

m24to m46are printed

on the second pass, the paper being scrolled up half a dot between the

two passes. For further details, please refer to the Appendix C.

I

Define cfown/oacfcharacters

—

Mode ASCII

< ESC> “=” nl n2

IBM

<DC4>

ml

aO al a2

m2 ...mll

Decimal

27 38

20 aO al a2

ml m2...mll

Defines one or more new draft characters and stores them in RAM for
later use. Draft mode must be selected before this command is executed.

nJ and n2 give the number of bytes of character data that will follow.
ao is the character code of the first character defined. al and a2 are at-

tributes bytes. m] to mll are the character data, and are the same as in

< ESC > ‘c&.”

The attribute byte

a] indicates whether the character is

an ascender (not using the lowest of the nine vertical dots) or a descender
(not using the highest dot) and whether it has a downward extension to

12dots.

The attribute byte

a2 gives proportional-spacing information. Bit 7 is

ignored. Bits 4 to 6 specify the offset to the first byte printed (O to 7),
enabling leading spacesin the character to be ignored. Bits O to 3 specify
the width of the character cell (maximum 11 dots). The character will
be followed by a man&tory blank dot column which is not included in
this width.

Characters defined by this command can be selected by < ESC> “%”

1, < ESC> “I” 4, <

ESC > “I” 5, or < ESC > “l” 6. This command is

ignored when DIP switch 2-1 is ON.

Se/ect download character set

Mode ASCII Decimal

Both

< ESC>

<ESC> “%”

Selectsthe download character set. Ignored when DIP switch 2-1is ON.

“?40” “l”

<1>

27 37 49 IB 25 31

27 37 1 IB 25 01

Hexadecimal

nl n2 IB 26 n] n2

14 aO al a2

ml m2 ...mll

Hexadecimal

.

—

—

Select draft download character set

Mode ASCII Decimal

IBM

84

< ES(J> “1”

<Esc > “I”

Selectsthe download character set and draft quality. Ignored if the NLQ

Type Style switch was pressed during power-up or if DIP switch 2-1 is

ON.

“4” 27 73 52

<4>

27 73 4

Hexadecimal

IB 49 34
IB 49 04

—

—

. ..

1

i-

I

Select draft elite download character set

IModel ASCII I Decimal

IBM

<ESC> “I” “5”

<ESC> “I”

<5>

27 73 53 IIB 49 35
27 73 5

! Hexadecimal I

IB 49 05

selects the download character set, draft quality, and elite pitch (12cpi).
Ignored if the NLQ Type Style switch was pressed during power-up or
if DIP switch 2-1 is ON.

Select NLQ download character set

i L.

1

1-

Model

IBM

ASCII

<ESC> “I” “6”

<ESC> “I” <6>

Decimal

I

27 73 54 IIB 49 36
27 73 6 IB 49 06

Hexadecimal

I

1

Seleetsthe downloadcharacter set and near letter quality. Ignored if the
NLQ Type Style switch was pressed during power-up or if DIP switch
2-1 is ON.

Select ROM character set

Mode ASCII

Both

,

L

f-

.

L

MACRO INSTRUCTION COMMANDS

Define macro instruction

Model ASCil

Both <ESC>

< ESC> “%”

<ESC>

Stops using the download character set and returns to the built-in ROM
character set. Ignored when DIP switch 2-1 is ON.

“o”

$’O/.”<()>

“+“ .. <RS>

Decimai

27 37 48 IB 25 30

27 37 0 IB 25 00

Decimal

I

27 43 30

Cancels any existing macro instruction and replaces it with the defined
instruction. The defined macro instruction consists of the characters
between the “+” and < RS >. These can be any printable characters

L

or control characters excep”t< RS >, up to a maximum of 16characters.

Hexadecimal

Hexadecimal

I

IIB 2B ... IE

I

Execute macro instruction

!

L.

‘,

L,

!

L_

f

‘L

Mode ASCil

Both I

< ESC> “+ “ <1>

Executes a previously defined macro instruction.

Decimal

I
I 27 43 1 I

Hexadecimal

I

IB 2B 01

I

F-

OTHER PRINTER CONTROL COMMANDS
Set MS13to 1

Mode ASCII
Both

<E% >

“> “

Setsthe most significantbitofeach subsequentbytereceivedto 1,allowing
users with a 7-bit interface to accesscharacters with ASCII codes greater
than 127.

Set MSB to O

Mode ASCII

Std.

IBM

< ESC> - = “

<FS>

n=**

Sets the most significant bit of each subsequent byte received to O.

Accept MSB as is

Mode ASCII

Bothi <ESC> “#”

,

#

.,

Cancels the preceding comman
it is sent to the printer.

-/eta

Mode

Both I

last character sent

ASCII

DEL>

<

Deletes the last character received.Ignored if the last character received
has already been printed, or if the last character receivedwas all or part
of a command.

Cancel last line

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 62

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 61

28 61

Decimal

I

IB 3E

IB 3D

IC 3D

Hexadecimal

I

I27 35 i IB 23

da and accepts the most significant bit as

i

Decimal

Hexadecimal

I

[127 17F

1

—

Mode
Both i <

1

I

86

ASCII

CAN>

I

Decimal

I

I24 I 18

Deletes the last line currently present in the print buffer.

Hexadecimal

4

hnfnediate print

Mode ASCII

Both

<ESC> -i,, “~,,

c ES(J> “i”

<1>

Decimal

27 105 49

27 105 1

Hexadecimal

IB 69

31

IB 69 01

Selects the immediate print mode, in which the printer prints each
character as soon as received.At every pause in the incomingdata stream

the printer scrolls the paper up about 2 inches so that the current line
can be seen. When the next character is received the paper is scrolled
backdown and printing continues. Thiscommandosignoredwhenfriction

feed is used.

Cancel immediate print

IModel ASCII I Decimal I Hexadecimal I

Both

<~s~ > q>> ‘,0>>

<ESC> “i”

<()>

27 105 48 IB 69 30
27 105 0

IB 69 00

Cancds the immediate print mode. The printer waits for each line to be
completed before printing it, and does not scroll the paper up and down.

This command is ignored when friction feed is used.

Set printer off-line

Mode ASCII

Std.
IBM [

<DC3>

I

<ESC>

Sets the printer off-line.The printer disregards all subsequent characters
and commands except < DC1>, which returns it to the on-line state.
The printer’s On Line indicator does not go off.

“Q” <3>

Decimal

I

I 19
I27 81 3 IIB 51 03

Hexadecimal

I

113

I

I

1

Set printer on-line

Mode ASCII

t

Both

<DC1>

Returns the printer to the on-line state, allowingit to receiveand process

Decimal

I

17 I 11

all subsequent characters and commands. This command is ignored if

the printer was set off-lineby pressing the On Line switch on the control
panel.

Hexadecimal

I

I

I

Bell

—

Mode ASCII

Both

<BEL> ‘7 07

Decimal Hexadecimal

Sounds a brief beep tone from the printer’s beeper.

Bidirectional printing

Mode ASCII Decimal Hexadecimal

Both

< ESC>

<ESC>

“u” “o”

<0>

“u”

27 85 48
27 85 0 IB 55 00

IB 55 30

Causes subsequent printing to be done in the normal bidirectional mode,

which is faster than unidirectional printing.

Unidirectional printing

Mode

Both

ASCII

<Esc >
<ESC>

“u,> “1, >

“u,,

<1>

Causes subsequent printing to be done unidirectionally, ensuring maxi­mum vertical alignment precision.

I

Decimal

Hexadecimal

I

I 27 85 49 IIB 55 31
] 27 85 1 IIB 55 01

One-line unidirectional printing

Mode

ASCII

BothI <ESC>

Immediately returns the print head to the left margin,
remainder of the line from left to right. Normal bidirectional printing
resumes on the next line.

“<“

I

Decimal

Hexadecimal

I

I 27 60 IIB 3C

then prints the

—

—

1

I

I

—

Manual feed

Mode ASCII

ESC> <EM><0> 27 25 0 IB 19 00

Both ,,(,, ,,(,, ,60,, ,,),,

88

<

selects manual sheet feeding even when the optional automatic sheet
feeder is mounted. Ignored if DIP switch 1-4is ON (ASF inactive).

—

Decimal Haxadacimal

“)” 40 40 48 41 41 28 28 30 29 29

—

.—

Auto feed

Mode ASCII

Both ,, ,, “(,, ,64,, ,6,,

< ESC> <EM ><4>

(

) “)” 40 40 52 41 41

Decimal

27 25 4

Hexadecimal

IB 19 04

28 28 34 29 29

Selectsthe automatic sheet feeder. Ignored if DIP switch 1-4is ON (ASF
inactive).

Eject paper from ASF

Mode ASCII

Both “(n ‘, ,,

< ESC>

<EM > “R”

“R” “ “

(

) “)” 40 40 82 41 41

Ejects the current page. Ignored if DIP switch 1-4is ON (ASF inactive).

,-

l—

Set print start position on ASF

Mode

n,.th

I I

u“..,

ASCII

<ESC> <EM> “T” n

‘. ,?

(

i

,’ ,,

(

“T” “)” “)” n I 40408441 41 n I 2828 542929 n I

Skipsn/6 inches at the top of the page, where n is equal to or greater than

1.

1. Ignored if DIP switch 1-4is ON (ASF inactive).

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 25 82

IB 19 52

28 28 52 29 29

Decimal

I

] 2725 84

n

Hexadecimal

I

I

IB 19 54 n

I

1

Reset printer

Mode ASCII

..

Both

< ESC>

“@”

Reinitializes the printer. Clears the print buffer and returns settings to
their power-up values. Does not clear the input buffer or change ASF
selections.

L

Decimal Hexadecimal

27 64 IB 40

.

.—

.,.

MEMO

..

—

—

—

—

90

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—