HglPj‘¢hJ
1 Hgjug¢lhJ 4
1.1 H™Vah¬HJ Hguhlm ggsblm 4
1.2 lsC‘g¢m ¥§m Hgjwk¢v 5
1.3 HsjO¬HlhJ Hg¥§h« 5
1.4 HgjOgW lK Hg¥§h« 5
1.5 g‘Pm HgjuV¢T 6
1.6 ¬g¢G HglsjO¬L 6
1.7 ”¢…¢m rVHxM ¬g¢G HglsjO¬L 6
2 Hg‘wT 7
2.1 Hg‘wT HguhL 7
2.2 g‘Pm HgjP”L 8
2.3 H®¥«Hx H®OVN 9
2.4 HglgPŒhJ Hglj‘tVM 9
3 HBsjO¬HL 21
3.1 Hgjug¢lhJ 21
3.2 •‘G HsjO¬HL 21
3.3 HsjO¬HL HglgPŒhJ 31
3.4 HsjO¬HL Hg…VK 51
3.5 îVah¬HJ Hg¨§d 71
3.6 HgshUm 91
4 Hgjk±¢T ‘Hgw¢hkm 42
4.1 Hgjug¢lhJ 42
4.2 jk±¢T Hg¥§h« 42
4.3 t“ HgfhF 42
4.4 jk±¢T «¥hœ HgfhF 52
4.5 HBkPbG HgPVHVD: jk±¢T Hg…VK jgŒhz¢‰h 82
5 HgjVӢF 23
5.1 Hgj‘w¢G Hg”§Vfd 23
5.2 Hsjf¬HG Hg”hfG 23
5.3 ju¢¢K l‘qv Hg¥§h« 33
kkwp fŒVHxM £ƒH Hg¬g¢G ¥¢¬H P¢E ¢Pj‘D Ugn ”htm Hgjug¢lhJ Hgl¨g‘fm ggP…h± Ugn Hgl±§V Hg¥lhgd gg¥§h«
‘w¢hkm Owhzwi Hg‘±¢…¢m.
gl«¢¬ lK Hglug‘lhJ P‘G Hglkjµ÷ j…qg‘H f«¢hVM Hgl‘rv H™g”jV‘kd: moc.gems.www.
3
Hgjug¢lhJ
• j¥kF î¬OhG •a¢hx lu¬k¢m Ph¬M )•¬‘HJ
Hglhz¬M •‘ H®‘Hkd( td tjPhJ Hg¥§h«.
• j¥kF îwb– Hg¥§h« fk…s“ •‘ f¬‘K
HBsjuhkm f…kd lC£G.
• td PhG jgT ”fG Hgj‘w¢G fhg”§Vfhx’
HjwG f¶rVF lV”« gg¬UL Hg…kd Ugn
Hg…‘V’ ‘s¢j‘gn HglV”« Hsjf¬Hgi.
O¨V îgPhR H®qVHV fhg¥§h«
• B jsjO¬L Hglk±²…hJ Hg”ha¨m •‘ Hglsffm
ggj‡”G )leG HglshP¢R •‘ l«¢bJ HgfŒv
•‘ HBs…k¥hJ Hglu¬k¢m( td jk±¢T
H®¥«Hx Hg«¥h¥¢m.
•
HsjO¬L •¬‘HJ Hg¨§d HgOaf¢m •‘ Hgfbsj¢”¢m.
• j¥kF Hg¥g‘S Ugn Hg¥§h«.
• j¥kF HsjO¬HL Hgk…hehJ HgfOhV¢m gjk±¢T
Hg¥§h«.
• B jŒL fïUhrm tjPhJ Hgj§‘¢m ‘tjPhJ
HgjOgW lK HgPVHVM.
• B jjV“ Hg¥§h« ¬‘K lVHrfm •ekhx Hg¨§d
P¢E r¬ jjsVF Hg«¢‘J •‘ Hg¬£‘K.
• j¥kF jV“ •a¢hx‰ Ugn s¨p Hg¨§d.
• B jsjO¬L Hgl‘r¬ td j¬tzm HgyVT l§lh
”hK HgsfF.
1 Hgjug¢lhJ
1.1 H™Vah¬HJ Hguhlm ggsblm
O¨V H™whfm Hg¥s¬¢m
• ¢wfp Hgl‘r¬ shOk‰h ¥¬‰H •ekhx HBsjO¬HL
‘”ƒg“ •¥«HCI Hgjd ¢l”K Hg‘w‘G îg¢§h.
•
j¥kF glS UkhwV HgjsO¢K •ekhx HBsjO¬HL.
• •fu¬ H®¨…hG ¬‘K sK Hgehlkm flshtm
›lkm td PhG U¬L ‘¥‘¬ îaVHT lsjlV
lK aOW fhg».
•
¢½P±„V Ugn H®¨…hG HgufE fhg¥§h« k§hz¢‰h.
• j¥kF ‘qv •¥shL lu¬k¢m leG Hgs”h”¢K
‘Hga‘“ ‘HglbUR ‘H®Y¨¢m Ugn
Hg¥§h« •ekhx HBsjO¬HL.
• •‘rT jay¢G Hg¥§h« fu¬ HBkj§hx lK
HBsjulhG lfhaVM.
• j¥kF hx HgPVHzR •‘ Hgg§F fhsjO¬HL
Hgl¢hI: •‘rT jay¢G Hg¥§h« ‘rL fïOlh¬
Hgg§F fhsjO¬HL f¨hk¢m PVHzR •‘ •D
Y¨hx ›OV lkhsF.
• ¢P±V r¢hL H®¨…hG fulg¢hJ Hgjk±¢T
‘Hgw¢hkm f¬‘K îaVHT lK aOW fhg».
• H¥uG Hg…k¢¢K HglC£g¢K ¢Œ‘l‘K f¶UlhG
HgjV”¢F •‘ H™wbPhJ Hgjd jsjg«L
HglshU¬M ‘tŒ‰h ggluh¢¢V Hglul‘G f§h.
•
j¥kF î¥VHx •D ju¬¢bJ Ugn £ƒH Hg¥§h«.
4
Hgjug¢lhJ
1.4 HgjOgW lK Hg¥§h«
¢¥F HgjOgW lK £ƒH Hg¥§h« flu«G UK
Hgk…h¢hJ H®OVN )‘tŒ‰h gj‘¥¢§hJ
CE/59/2002’ CE/69/2002’
CE/801/3002( B ¢Pj‘D Hg¥§h« Ugn l‘H¬
f”l¢hJ ”ht¢m ¢l”K HUjfhV£h O¨VM Ugn HgwPm
‘Hgf¢zm ‘tŒ‰h ggj‘¥¢§hJ H®‘V‘f¢m Hglul‘G f§h
Phg¢‰h.
ggjOgW lK Hg¥§h«:
• Hr¨v ”hfG H™l¬H¬ fhg¨hrm ‘jOgW lki £‘
‘HgŒhfS.
¥§¬ lw¬V Hg¨hrm
O¨V HgwuR Hg”§Vfhzd
• HtwG Hglw¬V HgVz¢sd g´l¬H¬ fhg¨hrm.
• Hk«c rhfS Hg¥§h«.
• rL fjsg¢L Hg¥§h« îgn lV”« îUh¬M Hgj¬‘¢V
HglOjW f¥lv Hgk…h¢hJ Hg”§Vfhz¢m ‘H™g”jV‘k¢m
•‘ rL fïUh¬ji îgn fhzv Hgj¥«zm Uk¬ aVHx lkjµ
llheG’ Ugl‰h f¶K¦ ƒg“ ¢”‘K glVM ‘HP¬M.
t¢lh ¢OW £ƒH Hg¥§h«
•
j¶”¬ lK hT jay¢G Hg¥§h« rfG Hsjf¬HG Hglwfh–.
• j¥kF ‘qv •D Pl‘gm Ugn fhF Hg¥§h« Hgl…j‘–
•‘ Hg¥g‘S Ug¢i.
• HPVW Ugn •B¦ j”‘K £kh“ •¥shL UhgŒm fhgfhF.
1.2 lsC‘g¢m ¥§m Hgjwk¢v
B jjPlG ¥§m Hgjwk¢v •D lsC‘g¢m UK H®qVHV
Hgjd jgPR fh®aOhW •‘ Hglljg”hJ kj¢¥m:
• HsjO¬HL Hg¥§h« Ugn kP‘ Y¢V wP¢p.
• U¬L lVHUhM Hgjug¢lhJ Hg‘HV¬M td ¬g¢G HglsjO¬L.
• HgufE f¶D ¥«x lK •¥«Hx Hg¥§h«.
• HsjO¬HL r¨v Y¢hV Y¢V •wg¢m.
1.3 HsjO¬HlhJ Hg¥§h«
• £ƒH Hg¥§h« lwlL gbsjO¬HL td ¨§d Hg¨uhL
¬HOG Hglk«G ‘fhgjhgd jujfV ¥l¢v HBsjO¬HlhJ
H®OVN Y¢V lkhsfm.
• r¬ ¢sjO¬L H®¨…hG lK sK 8 •U‘HL Ugn H®rG
£ƒH Hg¥§h« ‘”ƒg“ H®aOhW Hglwhf‘K fu¥«
td r¬VHj§L Hgf¬k¢m •‘ HgPs¢m •‘ Hgƒ£k¢m •‘ lK
¢u‘«£L HgOfVM td HsjO¬HL H®¥§«M Hg”§Vfhz¢m’
aV¢¨m •K ¢Oqv leG £ƒH HBsjO¬HL ™aVHT •‘
j‘¥¢i Hgfhgy¢K HglsC‘g¢K UK sblj§L.
• £ƒH Hg¥§h« Y¢V lwlL ggulG lv •¥§«M Hgj‘r¢J
HgOhV¥¢m •‘ •k±lm HgjP”L UK f½u¬.
5
Hgjug¢lhJ
1.7 ”¢…¢m rVHxM ¬g¢G HglsjO¬L
¢sjO¬L £ƒH Hg¬g¢G •UVHT HgŒVHxM Hgjhg¢m:
Hgjug¢lhJ
lug‘lhJ Uhlm UK £ƒH Hg¬g¢G ‘P‘G
Hgsblm ‘HgjOgW Hgk§hzd lK Hg¥§h«.
Hg‘wT
‘wT Hg¥§h« ‘lgPŒhji.
HBsjO¬HL
lug‘lhJ P‘G HsjO¬HL Hg¥§h« ‘lgPŒhji
‘jug¢lhJ Hg¨§d.
Hgjk±¢T ‘Hgw¢hkm
lug‘lhJ P‘G jk±¢T Hg¥§h« ‘w¢hkji
fa”G¸ sg¢L.
HgjVӢF
lug‘lhJ l‘¥§m îgn Hg…k¢¢K HglC£g¢K:
HgjV”¢F ‘Hgjay¢G ‘Hg…PW.
jug¢lhJ Hgsblm
¢jL jufzm H®¥§«M Hgjd k½kj¥§h td l‘H¬ Y¢V lg‘em
‘rhfgm ggj¬‘¢V.
• rL fjsg¢L l‘H¬ Hgjyg¢T îgn lV”« îUh¬M
Hgj¬‘¢V HglOjW.
Hguf‘HJ Hgfbsj¢”¢m
O¨V HBOjkhR
• j¥kF jV“ Uf‘M Hg¥§h« •‘ •D ¥«x lk§h ¬‘K
Ukh¢m.
• B jslp g©¨…hG fhgguF fh®”¢hS Hgfbsj¢”¢m.
1.5 g‘Pm HgjuV¢T
jPj‘D g‘Pm HgjuV¢T Ugn Hgf¢hkhJ Hg…k¢m ‘HgVrL
HglsgsG ‘HBsL Hgj¥hVD gg¥§h«. B jk«c g‘Pm
HgjuV¢T ®D sfF.
1.6 ¬g¢G HglsjO¬L
¢u¬ ¬g¢G HglsjO¬L HgƒD f¢K •¢¬¢kh ¥«x‰H B ¢j¥«• lK
Hg¥§h« ‘¢¥F P…±i fhg”hlG td l”hK ¢l”K
gglsjO¬L Hg‘w‘G îg¢i ‘ƒg“ ¨¢gm l¬M UlG Hg¥§h«.
HrV• £ƒH Hg¬g¢G fukh¢m rfG HsjO¬HL Hg¥§h«.
lug‘lhJ
kwhzp
1. jsgsG Hgjug¢lhJ Hgjd ¢kfyd HsjO¬Hl§h.
• H™Vah¬HJ gbsjO¬HL HgaOwd.
6
Hg‘wT
2 Hg‘wT
2.1 Hg‘wT HguhL
¨VH«HJ HBkPbG HgPVHVD Hgl«‘¬M fw¢k¢m Hgf¢«H
¨VH«HJ HBkPbG HgPVHVD
5 HglV‘Pm
6 î¨hVHJ ¬UL Hg¬Vœ/Hgw¢k¢m
7 w¢k¢m Hgf¢j«H )td fuQ Hg¨VH«HJ tŒ¨(
HgVT H™¨hVD
7
1 g‘Pm HgjP”L
2 lwfh– Hg…VK
3 Hgs¬H¬M
4 HgfhF
Hg‘wT
¨VH«HJ HBkPbG HgPVHVD
2.2 g‘Pm HgjP”L
¨VH«HJ HBkPbG HgPVHVD Hgl«‘¬M fw¢k¢m Hgf¢«H
3 HgshUm
jsjO¬L td UVQ Hg‘rJ HgPhgd ‘qf¨ Ulg¢hJ
Hg¨§d HglfVl¥m’ ‘fVl¥m l‘rJ Hgjƒ”¢V fhg¬rhzR.
4 lwfh– lCaV îYbR HgfhF
¢½q¢° £ƒH Hglwfh– Uk¬ j…u¢G ¬‘VM Hgjk±¢T
HgjgŒhz¢m.
5 lŒfQ Hg‘±hzT
jkhsF ‘±hzT Hg…VK Hgljk‘Um •‘qhc Hg¨§d
HglOjg…m. Hqf¨ ¬V¥m PVHVM Hg¨§d fhsjO¬HL lŒfQ
HgjP”L td ¬V¥m HgPVHVM fu¬ jP¬¢¬ Hg‘±¢…m Hgl¨g‘fm.
1 lŒfQ ¬V¥m HgPVHVM
¢j¢p £ƒH HglŒfQ jP¬¢¬ ¬V¥m PVHVM Hg¨§d.
rL fj¬‘¢V HglŒfQ td Hj¥hI UŒhVF HgshUm
gg‘w‘G îgn HgŒ¢lm Hgl¨g‘fm lh f¢K îU¬H¬ HgP¬
H®¬kn ‘HgP¬ H®rwn.
2 lwfh– lCaV HgjP”L td ¬V¥m HgPVHVM
Uk¬lh ¢‘lQ q‘x HglCaV’ tïki ¢a¢V îgn •K
Hg…VK ¢Œ‘L fhgjsO¢K gg‘w‘G îgn ¬V¥m HgPVHVM
HglP¬¬M. ‘t‘V ‘w‘gi îgn ¬V¥m HgPVHVM
Hglqf‘¨m’ ¢±G q‘x HgjVl‘sjhJ lq¢z‰h Pjn ¢jL
hT jay¢G Hgl‘r¬.
8
Hg‘wT
H™qhxM Hg¬HOg¢m
julG lwhf¢p H™qhxM Hg¬HOg¢m gg¥§h«:
• Uk¬ tjp HgfhF.
• Uk¬lh ¢jL jP¬¢¬ •D ‘±¢…m’ fwVT Hgk±V
UK £ƒI Hg‘±¢…m.
Uk¬ tjp HgfhF’ B ¢l”K hx Hgq‘x
Hg¬HOgd.
2.4 HglgPŒhJ Hglj‘tVM
B jj‘tV ”G HglgPŒhJ lv fuQ
Hg¨VH«HJ.
Hgw¢k¢m Hgs…g¢m
2.3 H®¥«Hx H®OVN
H®VtT
¢qL Hg…VK U¬M l¥hVD g‘qv H®VtT ‘H®¬VHœ
Ugn HVj…hUhJ lOjg…m. ‘jj¬Vœ HVj…hUhJ Hg…jPm
lK H®s…G îgn H®Ugn )Hk±V Hg…wG 1.2 Hg‘wT
HguhL(.
lV‘Pm HgjfV¢¬
jfV²¬ HglV‘Pm Hg…VK ‘¢jL jay¢g§h •ekhx Hg¨§d.
julG HglV‘Pm Ugn j¬tR Hg§‘Hx f‘j¢VM ehfjm •Ugn
HgfhF ‘¢l”K •K jsjlV HglV‘Pm td HgulG g…jVM
rw¢VM fu¬ hT jay¢G Hg¥§h«.
jsjO¬L td j¥l¢v Hg¬£‘K Hgljshr¨m lK H®¨ulm
Hgl‘q‘Um Ugn HgVT •Ub£h ”lh jsjO¬L td ¨§d
Hg…¨hzV ‘Hgf¢j«H ‘HgPg‘N.
9
Hg‘wT
¬Uhlm Hga‘H¢m
j½sjO¬L g¬UL s¢o Hga‘H¢m.
s¢o Hga‘Hx
jsjO¬L g¨§d Hg¬¥hœ ‘”G H®¨ulm Hgjd jj¨gF
Hg¨§d HgljlheG Ugn Hgs¨p f¶”lgi.
HgVT
¢½sjO¬L g¬UL H®‘Hkd Hglljgzm fhg¨uhL •ekhx Hg¨§d.
VT Hgw¢k¢m
¢‘qv •Ugn w¢k¢m Hg…VK ‘£‘ lOwW gbsjO¬HL
lv H®¨ulm Hgjd r¬ jjshr¨ lk§h r¨VHJ Hgs‘HzG.
01
Hg‘wT
s”¢km Hgf¢j«H )fuQ Hg¨VH«HJ tŒ¨(
js§¢b‰ g‘qv Hgf¢j«H td w¢k¢m Hgf¢j«H.
jL jwk¢v lgPŒhJ Hg¥§h« Hglblsm
g©¨ulm lK l‘H¬ jj…R lv •P”hL
HgjaV¢uhJ HgPhg¢m.
¢l”K ¨gF HglgPŒhJ H®wg¢m
‘HBOj¢hV¢m lK lVH”« Hg¬UL Hglujl¬M.
B jsjO¬L îB¦ HglgPŒhJ H®wg¢m Hgjd
j‘tV£h ¥§m Hgjwk¢v.
Y¨hx w¢k¢m Hgf¢j«H )td fuQ Hg¨VH«HJ tŒ¨(
¢‘qv td Hgj¥‘¢T Hgl‘¥‘¬ fŒhU¬M Hg…VK’ P¢E
¢PG lPG w¢k¢m Hgf¢j«H td Phgm U¬L HsjO¬Hl§h.
w¢k¢m Hgf¢j«H )td fuQ Hg¨VH«HJ tŒ¨(
lwllm Ow¢w‰h g¨§d Hgf¢j«H ‘H®¨fhR Hgwy¢VM.
11
HBsjO¬HL
s‘x HBsjO¬HL
O¨V jgT H®s¨p Hgl¨g¢m fhgl¢kh
• j¥kF jy¨¢m Hg¥«x Hgs…gd lK j¥‘¢T Hg…VK
fhsjO¬HL ‘VR H®gl‘k¢‘L •‘ VrhzR HgŒw¬¢V.
• îƒH ”kJ jVYF td HsjO¬HL ‘VR lŒh‘L ggaP‘L’
tqui fP¢E B ¢ujVQ ¬‘VM Hg§‘Hx HgshOK
¬HOG Hg…VK.
• j¥kF ‘qv H®‘Hkd •‘ Hgw‘Hkd lfhaVM‰ Ugn
Hg¥«x Hgs…gd gP¥¢VM Hg…VK.
• j¥kF s”F Hgl¢hI lfhaVM Ugn Hgw‘Hkd
HgshOkm ¥¬‰H.
3.2 •‘G HsjO¬HL
1. •«G •D aV¢¨ Plh¢m lK ¬HOG Hgl‘r¬ •‘ s¨Pi
HgOhV¥d’ flh td ƒg“ HglgPŒhJ.
2. Hk«c •D lgwŒhJ )U¬H g‘Pm Hgf¢hkhJ Hg…k¢m(
lK HglgPŒhJ ‘P¥¢VM Hg…VK.
3. t“ ¥l¢v lgPŒhJ Hg…VK ‘HYsg§h )Hk±V 4
Hgjk±¢T ‘Hgw¢hkm(.
4. •auG Hg…VK ‘£‘ thVX f¶rwn ¬V¥m PVHVM
gPVR •D fŒh¢h UhgŒm lK Ulg¢m Hgjwk¢v.
HVj…hc ¬V¥m HgPVHVM ¬HOG Hg…VK •ekhx
HBsjO¬HL
O¨V HgPV‘R
¬HOG Hg…VK.
HgshOkm ¥¬‰H.
r¢¬ Hgjay¢G.
HVj…hc ¬V¥m HgPVHVM ¬HOG Hg…VK •ekhx
HBsjO¬HL
O¨V ka‘F PV¢R •‘ P¬‘E Hk…¥hV
fhgŒVF lK Hg…VK.
Hglwk‘Um lK Hgfbsj¢“ Uk¬ ¨§d Hg¨uhL.
¬HOG Hg…VK.
jjsVF Hg«¢‘J •‘ Hg¬£‘K.
•ekhx Hg¨§d.
3 HBsjO¬HL
3.1 Hgjug¢lhJ
• HfR fhF Hg…VK lygŒh •ekhx Hg¨§d.
• HPL ¢¬¢“ fhsjO¬HL r…h«HJ Hg…VK Uk¬ kŒG Hg¨uhL
•
j¥kF glS UkhwV HgjsO¢K Hgl‘¥‘¬M ¬HOG Hg…VK.
• j¥kF s”F Hgl¢hI lfhaVM Ugn Hgw‘Hkd
• B j¬c H®¨…hG ¢ŒjVf‘K lK Hg…VK Uk¬lh ¢”‘K
• j¥kF VA •D lkj¥hJ VƒHƒ fhgŒVF lK Hg¥§h«.
• j¥kF HsjO¬HL l‘H¬ rhfgm gbajuhG •‘ jV”§h
• j¥kF HsjO¬HL •¬‘HJ Hg¨fo •‘ H®‘U¢m
• B jqv HgugF Hglu¬k¢m •‘ H®‘U¢m lP”lm HgygR
• B jjV“ Hg…VK ¬‘K lVHrfm •ekhx Hg¨§d’ tŒ¬
• rL fïOVHœ Hgw‘Hkd ‘H®VtT Hgjd B jPjhœ îg¢§h
21
HBsjO¬HL
VT Hgw¢k¢m
¢¥F î¬OhG Hgw¢k¢m td HgVT. ‘f§ƒI Hg¨V¢Œm ¢l”K
j¥l¢v Hg¬£‘K fa”Gˆ lk…wG UK Hg¨uhL HgƒD ¢jL
¨§¢i.
s¢o Hga‘Hx
Uk¬ Hg¨§d fhsjO¬HL Hga‘H¢m’ qv H™¨hV Hg¬HUL
gga‘H¢m Ugn HgVT HgehgE. ‘fl¥V¬ î¬OhG î¨hV
Hgs¢o’ ¢¥F ‘qv Hg¥«x H®lhld lj¥§h îgn
HgOhVœ.
3.3 HsjO¬HL HglgPŒhJ
H®VtT ‘Hgw‘Hkd
¢¥F î¬OhG H®VtT ‘Hgw‘Hkd td Hgl‘¥§hJ
Hg¥hkf¢m îgn •K jŒT Uk¬ P¬ Hgk§h¢m.
• ¢¥F •K j”‘K •r…hG Hgsblm Hgl¢”hk¢”¢m Hgjd
jlkv HgVT lK HBk«BR fhj¥hI HgOhVœ fa”G
UVqd¦ l‘¥§m îgn H®s…G ‘fhj¥hI Hg¥hkF
HgOg…d gg…VK.
31
rL fj¥§¢« Hg¨uhL Ugn s¢o Hga‘H¢m lsjO¬l‰h
Hga‘”hJ HglVtŒm.
•¬OG H®VtT ‘Hgw‘Hkd td l”hk§h ¬HOG
Hg…VK fVtR îgn •K jwG gkŒ¨m Hgk§h¢m.
k±²T Hgw‘Hkd rfG HsjO¬Hl§h gglVM
H®‘gn ‘ƒg“ ™«Hgm •D fŒh¢h Og…j§h Ulg¢m
Hgjwk¢v.