Sunny Boy 2800i
String Inverter Sunny Boy 2800i
The New Generation of PV System Technology
SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instruction
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Safety Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3 Device Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 Normal use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Device Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3 Operating States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.4 Status Messages on the Optional Display 23
3.5 Configuration of the Display Language . . 26
4 Servicing and Maitenance . . . . . . . . 27
5 Upgrading your Sunny Boy . . . . . . . 29
5.1 User Interface under Windows . . . . . . . . 30
6 Technical Documentation. . . . . . . . . 31
6.1 Data PV Generator Connection. . . . . . . . 31
6.2 Data Grid Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
6.3 General Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
6.4 Measurement Channels and Messages . . 34
6.5 Declaration of Conformity (CE) . . . . . . . 40
6.6 Unbedenklichkeitsbescheinigung. . . . . . . 41
7 Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
8 Contact. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Revision History
Document number Changes Author
SB2800i-11:FE0504 First Issue Siebert
Operating Instructions
SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Introduction
1Introduction
You have decided to use one of the most advanced devices for
modular PV system technology by purchasing a Sunny Boy
2800i. The Sunny Boy 2800i convinces with its outstanding
qualities concerning efficiency and reliability.
The Sunny Boys comply with all regulations from the VDEW
(Association of German Electricity Producers) for supplementary
grid feeding to the low voltage electricity grid of the utility. This
includes the regulations of the employee association
(Berufsgenossenschaft für Feinmechanik und Elektrotechnik)
concerning the „ Independent Disconnection Device“ known as
MSD (Mains monitoring device with allocated Switching Devices)
and the regulations of the DIN VDE 0126. Furthermore the Sunny
Boy complies with the according harmonized standards and the
low voltage regulations as certified in the CE declaration (see
chapter 6.5 „Declaration of Conformity (CE)” (page 40)).
This document contains the „ Operating Instructions“ of the Sunny
Boy 2800i. They are meant as guidelines on how to use all
functions of the Sunny Boy 2800i optimally and how you can
extend your existing PV-plant.
This part of device documentation especially deals with those
topics that are relevant to the operation of the Sunny Boy 2800i.
For the installation of the Sunny Boy 2800i please have a look at
the „ Installation Guide“.
Sunny Boy 2800i
The Sunny Boy 2800i is especially designed for indoor usage. It
is equipped with an internal fan for active cooling.
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Introduction Operating Instructions
4 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Safety Instructions
2Safety Instructions
Opening the device and by that
• the electrical installation,
• the repair or
•the modification
of the Sunny Boy 2800i may only be done by a qualified
technician. Even if there are no external voltages on the device
there may be high voltages that are hazardous to touch.
The temperature of individual parts of the enclosure of the Sunny Boy 2800i – especially the heat sinks – can reach 85 °C even
in normal operation. There is a danger of burning yourself
when touching the Sunny Boy.
The Sunny Boy 2800i is equipped with the anti-islanding unit
„SMA grid guard“. The Sunny Boy 2800i therefore complies
with the VDEW guidelines for grid interactive inverters and the
DIN VDE 0126 (4.99) specified in this regulation.
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Safety Instructions Operating Instructions
6 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Device Description
3Device Description
3.1 Application of the Sunny Boy
The Sunny Boy 2800i is used in order to convert DC power from
photovoltaic modules to AC voltage and subsequently feed this to
the grid. The technical data is specified in chapter 6 „Technical
Documentation” (page 31) of this document.
Fig. 3.1: Basic Principle of an Utility Interactive PV Plant
Usage of the Sunny Boy 2800i in any applications different from
this will void the warranty.
SB2800i-11:FE0504 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH 7
Device Description Operating Instructions
3.2 Device Design
We have focused on a simple functional design when we
developed the Sunny Boy string inverters. In its basic design the
Sunny Boy 2800i does not need more than three LEDs for status
display. A display unit is available. The display can be already
installed when your Sunny Boy is delivered as well as it can be
additionally installed later.
The Sunny Boy 2800i will operate fully automatically without any
modification or configuration as long as it is installed and
commissioned according to the technical specifications. It can
nevertheless be modified in terms of operating parameters if
necessary. An additional communication interface is required for
this, which also can be used in order to acquire operating data
for performance evaluation. Please have a look at chapter 5
„Upgrading your Sunny Boy” (page 29) for details.
Fig. 3.1: Block circuit diagram of the Sunny Boy 2800i
Due to this design the specific costs are kept low and system
management can be optimized.
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Operating Instructions Device Description
All connections to the PV strings and the public grid as well as the
optional communication cables are on the bottom of the Sunny
Boy 2800i.
Snap Cable
Connectors
+
Snap Cable
Connectors
-
Opening for optional
communication via RS232 or
RS485 (for PG 16)
Fig. 3.2: Bottom view of the Sunny Boy 2800i
AC Plug for
grid connection
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Device Description Operating Instructions
3.3 Operating States
The different operating states are displayed with three LEDs in the
lid of the Sunny Boy 2800i.
Especially in the first year after installation the operator of the
plant should regularly have a look at this display at different
times of the day and with different irradiation.
You will find a complete description of all signal codes in
chapter 3.3.4 „ Description of Operating States” (page 14).
The operating states can be divided into three categories:
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Operating Instructions Device Description
3.3.1 Normal Operating States
As long as no LEDs or only the green LED is on blinking, the Sunny
Boy 2800i is in one of its normal operating states. If all three LEDs
are on, the inverter is in its initialization phase which is a normal
operating state as well. All other signals indicate a disturbed
operating state.
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Device Description Operating Instructions
3.3.2 Critical Failure States
Due to a comprehensive safety concept, the number of critical
operating states could be reduced to one:
Input voltage exceeding specification
This is shown with the following blinking code of the yellow LED:
When failure occurs, the yellow failure LED is on for five seconds
and then starts to send the blinking code by remaining off for
three seconds and blinking four times in short intervals. The code
is sent three times. If the failure persists the code is repeated.
Immediately disconnect the PV generator from the inverter! The
Sunny Boy can otherwise be severly damaged.
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Operating Instructions Device Description
3.3.3 Uncritical Failure States
All other signaling codes show uncritical operating states. These
normally do not mean any high danger of people or device, but
their cause must be found and removed immediately in order to
avoid yield losses.
Despite all the necessary precaution it is possible that there are
additional faults which can not be signaled (e. g. failure of the
status display). To be able to detect such failures as well, the
operator should check the display of normal operating states for
plausibility based on the explanations given in chapter 3.3.4
„Description of Operating States” (page 14). For example if the
green LED is on in the middle of the night, this means as much a
failure as if no LED is on in full sunlight.
You can diagnose the states in much more detail with one of the
communication interfaces described in chapter 5 „Upgrading
your Sunny Boy” (page 29).
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Device Description Operating Instructions
3.3.4 Description of Operating States
Stand-by at Night
The Sunny Boy 2800i is in so-called stand-by operation. This state
is reached if the input power at the inverter is too low for feeding
operation (U
operation)
Initialization
< ca. 80 V) and not sufficient for normal
PV
The on-board computer of the Sunny Boy 2800i is in the
initialization phase. At least one of the string voltages on the
inverter is between approx. 80 V and approx. 220 V. Power is
already supplied to the internal board, but is not yet sufficient for
grid feeding. Data transmission is not possible yet.
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Operating Instructions Device Description
Feeding Operation
The Sunny Boy 2800i has successfully completed the self-test of
the measurement electronics and the MSD and starts feeding to
the grid.
MPP operation (default):
The Sunny Boy 2800i automatically determines the MPP voltage
of the PV generator.
Constant voltage operation:
The operating state „U-Konst“ can be manually defined by the
plant operator with Sunny Boy Control or the PC programs Sunny
Data or Sunny Data Control. In the „U-Konst“ operating mode,
the Sunny Boy 2800i uses this externally defined PV setpoint
voltage for its internal control.
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Device Description Operating Instructions
Stop
The Sunny Boy 2800i is in stop state. This is to calibrate the
measurement electronics, subsequently the inverter switches into
„Waiting“ state.
The „ Stop“ state can also be set manually by the plant operator
using the Sunny Boy Control or the PC program Sunny Data or
Sunny Data Control. In this case, the Sunny Boy 2800i remains in
„Stop“ state until a new operating state is defined („MPP
operation“ or „ Constant voltage operation“).
Waiting, Grid Monitoring
The Sunny Boy 2800i is testing whether start-up conditions for
feeding operation are fulfilled (starting voltage, starting time) and
then starts to monitor the grid.
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Operating Instructions Device Description
Derating
The temperature monitoring of the Sunny Boy 2800i has reduced
the output power to prevent the device from overheating. If this
happens often, heat dissipation might be insufficient.
To avoid unnecessary yield losses,
• check if the ambient temperature is to high.
• check the heat dissipation (air flow of the heatsink disabled).
•check the fan.
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Device Description Operating Instructions
Insulation Failure
The red LED on the Sunny Boy 2800i is on, which indicates an
earth fault.
The earth fault could have two different reasons:
• it could be an insulation failure at the connection of the PV
generator.
• one of the two thermally monitored varistors on the DC input
side is defective.
Please contact a qualified electrician who will remove the
failure following the instructions in the „Installation Guide“.
Permanent Device Disable
This signal appears if there is a failure of the grid monitoring /
the independent disconnection device (MSD). During the internal
test, the inverter has detected a malfunction of the MSD and has
stopped feeding to the grid.
Normally this is a failure which cannot be removed on site. Please
contact the manufacturer (see chapter 8 „Contact” (page 45)) to
discuss further proceedings.
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Operating Instructions Device Description
Grid Failure
When a grid failure occurs, the yellow failure LED is on for five
seconds and then starts the blinking code by staying off for three
seconds and then blinking shortly twice. The code is repeated
three times.
If the failure persists, the signal starts from the beginning.
With the above signal the Sunny Boy 2800i indicates a grid
failure which can be caused by:
• Grid undervoltage (U
< „Uac-Min“)
AC
• Grid overvoltage (UAC > „Uac-Max“)
• Grid underfrequency (f
< „Fac-Min“)
AC
•Grid overfrequency (fAC > „Fac-Max“).
• Grid frequency change („|dFac|“)
• Defective grid connection
(e. g. if N and L are not connected)
First find out whether there is a general power shutdown (by
checking the function of other consumers) and whether the fuse of
the inverter feeding cable is OK.
If you do not find any failure, the grid connection of the inverter
has to be checked by a qualified electrician.
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Device Description Operating Instructions
Grid Impedance too High
When this failure occurs, the yellow failure LED is on for five
seconds and then starts the blinking code by staying off for three
seconds and then blinking three times in short intervals. The code
is sent three times.
If the failure persists, the signal starts from the beginning.
The Sunny Boy has detected a failure as the grid impedance
values are out of permissible range. If the inverter switches off
frequently during grid monitoring because of the above failure,
the reason might be that grid impedance is too high. A qualified
electrician can normally solve this problem by increasing the
cross-section of the grid cable. Other actions are possible as well.
Any modifications of the operating parameters require the
explicit permission of the public utility company.
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Operating Instructions Device Description
Input Voltage (PV Generator) too High
When failure occurs, the yellow failure LED is on for five seconds
and then starts the blinking code by staying off for three seconds
and then blinking four times in short intervals. The code is sent
three times.
The Sunny Boy indicates that the input voltage is too high. The
voltage of the PV generator exceeds the respectively admissible
voltage!
Immediately disconnect the PV generator from the Sunny Boy
2800i. Too high voltage may lead to irrepairable damages!
Have your installer examine your plant configuration.
Please have a look at chapter 6 „ Technical Documentation”
(page 31) for the permissible PV input voltage of the Sunny Boy
2800i.
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Device Description Operating Instructions
Device Failure
When the failure occurs, the yellow LED is on for five seconds and
then starts the blinking code by staying off for three seconds and
then blinking five times in short intervals. The code is sent three
times.
If the failure persists, the signal starts from the beginning.
The Sunny Boy is in a state it cannot leave for normal operation.
Pressumably there is an internal failure in the device.
A qualified electrician has to examine the device.
22 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Device Description
3.4 Status Messages on the Optional Display
The Sunny Boy 2800i can be optionally equipped with the
„Sunny Display“ LCD in the lid.
A Sunny Boy 2800i without the „ Sunny Display“ can be
upgraded and equipped with the Sunny Display lid.
(SMA order code, „SB-Display“, please specify the lid color and
the language setting together with your order.)
Activation of the background illumination
The background illumination is activated by slightly knocking on
the lid. Knocking once more activates the next message on the
display.
The background illumination is automatically deactivated after 2
minutes.
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Device Description Operating Instructions
Messages of the Sunny Display during initialization
SunnyBoy 2800i
WRxxx-xx
Initialization of the display on the
Sunny Boy 2800i
The following messages are displayed during initialization of the
Sunny Boy 2800i.
BFR Version 2.00
SRR Version 2.00
Initialization of the display on the
Sunny Boy 2800i
E-today 3.86kWh
Mode MPP
Energy produced today
and current operating status
Pac 903W
Uac 195V
Current AC Power
and AC voltage
E-Total 724.4kWh
h-Total 512h
Total energy yield and
total operating hours
The installed firmware versions of the control system (BFR) and the
current control processor (SRR) are displayed after 6 seconds.
Messages of the Sunny Display during operation
The Sunny Display presents all relevant operating data one
screen after the other. The images on the side indicate the
messages. Each message is displayed for 5 seconds, after all
messages have been displayed the display starts from the
beginning again.
First the „E-Today“ (total energy produced on this day) is
displayed together with the current operating status.
The message is followed by the current power and the current
grid voltage.
Finally the accumulated yield of the device since installation is
displayed together with the total operating hours:
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Operating Instructions Device Description
Messages of the Sunny Display in case of a failure
In case of a failure the Sunny Display switches to „Failure“ and
the background illumination is activated.
The bottom line indicates the type of failure for 5 seconds.
Error
Vac-Bfr
Indication of a failure
and failure type
Failures that result from a specific value that e.g. exceeds a
limiting are specified with the value that caused the failure as well
as the current value.
The normal operating data is displayed after 5 seconds.
The display starts from the beginning again in case the failure is
still present. Chapter 6.4 „ Measurement Channels and
Messages” (page 34) gives more detailed information
concerning the failure messages.
“Failure ROM“ indicates that the Sunny Boy has detected a
defective firmware in the EPROM. Contact SMA in order to
remove this failure.
Indication of DC Overvoltage
A too high voltage on the input (DC) side is indicated with a
blinking background illumination and the display shown on the
side.
Disconnect the Sunny Boy from the supply voltage immediately.
The Sunny Boy can otherwise be severely damaged.
Check the input voltage and your module configuration before
you reconnect the DC voltage to the Sunny Boy again!
at: 261V
present: 245V
Display of the value that caused the
failure and the current value
Error
ROM
Indication of defective firmware
!PV-Overvoltage!
!DISCONNECT DC !
Indication of an overvoltage on one
of the DC input connectors
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Device Description Operating Instructions
3.5 Configuration of the Display Language
The language of the Sunny Display is configured with the switches
on the bottom of the display unit.
Disconnect both DC and AC from the Sunny Boy as described in
the „ Installation Guide“ and remove the lid.
Position of the switches
for configuration of the
Sunny Display
language
Language Switch S2 Switch S1
German B B
English B A
French A B
Spanish A A
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Operating Instructions Service and Maintenance
4 Service and Maintenance
To obtain optimum yield the plant operator should examine the
performance with respect to different insolation whether the LEDs
of the Sunny Boy 2800i signals plausible normal operation (see
chapter 3.3.4 „ Description of Operating States” (page 14). Of
course you can also check this with one of the optional
communication devices.
It is only necessary to clean the Sunny Boy if heat dissipation is
disturbed by dirt particles on the fins of the heatsink or in the
space between the inverter and the wall. Carefully remove the dirt
with an appropriate soft brush.
If the status LEDs are dirty and no longer clearly visible, remove
the dirt with a moist cloth. Solving agents, abrasives or corrosives
may not be used for cleaning!
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Service and Maintenance Operating Instructions
28 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Upgrading your Sunny Boy
5 Upgrading your Sunny Boy
Like all inverters of the Sunny Boy family, the Sunny Boy 2800i
can be equipped with different communication interfaces. The
operator can see operating values and failure messages in detail
and can process them on a PC with the software tools provided
by SMA free of charge.
In addition the installer can easily adjust the Sunny Boy 2800i to
specific conditions (e. g. too high grid impedance or PV modules
not based on silicon cells).
Currently there are three ways to transmit data:
• via the grid cable (PLC = Power-Line-Communication)
• via a seperate cable with RS485 signals
• via a seperate cable with RS232 signals
For continous data acquisition SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
developed the data logger Sunny Boy Control. All values
recorded can be visualized on a four-line LCD. A convenient and
complete data acquisition system can be established by coupling
Sunny Boy Control to a PC that you only need to switch on
occasionally.
At the moment there are three different versions of the Sunny Boy
Control:
• Sunny Boy Control Light
Simple data acquisition and reduced measurement data storage with PV plants consisting of up to 20 Sunny Boys
• Sunny Boy Control
Data acquisition for plants with up to 50 Sunny Boys, long
term data storage
• Sunny Boy Control Plus
Fully compatible with Sunny Boy Control with analog and
digital ports for enhanced data acquisition with external
sensors
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Upgrading your Sunny Boy Operating Instructions
5.1 PC User Interface under Windows
Sunny Data
The Windows program Sunny Data offers you a graphic user
interface and all its well-known positive functions for
communication with the Sunny Boy 2800i.
The available measurement channels (see chapter 6.4
„Measurement Channels and Messages” (page 34)) of the Sunny
Boy 2800i can be displayed online. Data of measurement
channels can be recorded manually or automatically. Measured
Graphic user interface
Sunny Data
values are saved in files on any storage medium. An implemented
special function for the installer enables to adjust system
parameters to optimize the PV plant. For additional information
on Sunny Data please see the Operating Instructions „ Sunny
Data“.
Sunny Data Control
In PV plants where many inverters of the Sunny Boy family are
used we recommend to use a Sunny Boy Control for
communication. The Sunny Boy Control is a central data logger
for up to 50 Sunny Boys. It supports commissioning of the PV
plant and offers remote diagnosis by fax and email. Larger plants
with more than 50 Sunny Boys are monitored by coupling several
Sunny Boy Control.
Graphic user interface
Sunny Data Control
Data Control under Windows. This program can e. g. display the
output power of the entire large-scale PV plant in a matrix.
Please see the Operating Instructions of Sunny Boy Control for the
multiple possibilities to establish a monitoring system.
30 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
To visualize the PV plant data SMA offers the PC program Sunny
Operating Instructions Technical Documentation
6 Technical Documentation
6.1 Data PV Generator Connection
Max. input open-circuit voltage U
Input voltage, MPP operation U
Max. input current I
Max. input power DC
Recommended P
PV
PV 0
PV
PV max
max
max. generator power
All-pole disconnector
on DC input side
Surge voltage protection thermally monitored varistors
Voltage ripple U
PP
Personnel protection Ground Fault monitoring (Riso > 1 MΩ )
Internal consumption in operation < 7 W
Pole confusion prevention by short-circuit diode
6.2 Data grid connection
Nominal output power P
Peak output power P
Nominal output current I
Harmonic distortion of output (with
K
< 2 %, PAC > 0,5 P
Unom
ACnom
Operating range, grid voltage U
Operating range, grid frequency f
All-pole disconnector on grid side independent disconnection device (MSD),
Phase difference
(related to basic wave of current)
Overvoltage category III
Test voltage (50 Hz) 1.4 kV (1/5 s unit / type test)
Surge voltage test 4 kV (1.2/50 ms)
Internal consumption in stand-by 0.25 W
ACnom
ACmax
ACnom
THD
)
AC
AC
ϕ 0°
600 V (at -10 °C Module Temperature)
224 V ... 600 V DC
13,5 A
3000 W
3750 Wp
®
Multi-Contact
plug connector (standard - other
snap cable connectors optional)
< 10 % of input voltage
2500 W
2800 W
11 A
< 4 %
IAC
190 ... 260 V AC
49.8 ... 50.2 Hz
(2 independant systems)
(serial interface: 6 kV)
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Technical Documentation Operating Instructions
Input current as a function of the input voltage
Fig. 6.1: Input current IPV as a function of the input voltage UPV
6.3 General Data
You will find a detailed device description in chapter 3 "Device Description" (page 7) of these
Operating Instructions.
General Data
Protection Degree according to DIN EN 60529 IP21 (inside installation)
Dimensions (width x height x depth) approx. 440 mm x 305 mm x 226 mm
Weight approx. 31 kg
External interfaces
Data transmission via Powerline optional
Data transmission via separate data cable optional,
RS232 / RS485, electrically separated
Efficiency
Max. Efficiency η
European Weighted Efficiency η
32 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
max
euro
> 94 %
> 93 %
Operating Instructions Technical Documentation
The efficiency of the Sunny Boy 2800i depends on the input DC
power coming from the PV modules.
Fig. 6.1: Efficiency of the Sunny Boy 2800i with respect to the
input voltage
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Technical Documentation Operating Instructions
6.4 Measurement Channels and Messages
If your Sunny Boy 2800i has been equipped with a communication interface, numerous
measurement channels and messages can be acquired. These can help improve the performance
as well as eliminate failures of your plant.
BFR:System control
SRR: Current control
6.4.1 Measurement Channels
E-Total Total power fed to the grid accumulated from the day of installation
Fac Grid frequency
Störung/Failure Display of failure type in „Failure“ state
h-Total Total sum of operating hours in feeding operation
Iac-Ist Current fed to the grid
Ipv Current from PV-panels
Netz-Ein/Power ON Total number of connections to the grid
Pac Present output power
Riso Insulation resistance of PV plant before the connection to the grid
Seriennummer/Serial
number
Status/Mode Display of current operating state
Uac/Vac Grid voltage
Upv-Ist/Vpv DC PV input voltage
Upv-Soll /
Vconst-Setpoint
Zac Grid impedance
Serial number of the Sunny Boy
PV setpoint voltage
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Operating Instructions Technical Documentation
6.4.2 Status Messages
The Sunny Boy 2800i generates a number of status messages according to the mode it currently
operates in. The status messages that you see can differ depending on the type of communication
you are currently using (Sunny Display, Sunny Data, Sunny Boy Control, Sunny Data Control)
MPP The Sunny Boy 2800i is operating in MPP mode. The input voltage setpoint
is constantly adjusted in order to obtain the maximum energy from the
different strings. This is the default operating mode in normal operation with
normal radiation.
U-Konst Constant voltage operation. (The input voltage from the PV modules is fixed
to a defined setpoint. The Sunny Boy 2800i is not operating in MPP mode.)
This mode can be defined as operating mode in special applications.
Derating PV generator power is higher than the amount the Sunny Boy 2800i can
process
Netzueb. /
grid. mon.
Offset Offset adjustment of measurement electronics
Stoer./disturb. Failure (see following table „Failure messages“)
Stop A safety relevant failure or similar occured preventing that the Sunny Boy
Warten/waiting Conditions for connection have not (yet) been fulfilled.
Zuschalt Electronics are connecting to grid
MPP-Such PV voltage is determined and set
MPP-Peak AC current is higher than the nominal current of the Sunny Boy
Test of grid status for subsequent connection (grid impedance), relay test etc.
This mode only occurs during startup, before the Sunny Boy connects to the
grid. This status can occur often during the morning and evening with varying
insolation.
connects to the grid. This status can also be set manually.
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Technical Documentation Operating Instructions
6.4.3 Sunny Boy 2800i Operating Parameters
Any unauthorized modifications of the operating parameters can
1. Result in serious injuries or casualties due to altered
internal safety precautions within the Sunny Boy
2. Void the operating permission of the Sunny Boy
3. Void the warranty of the Sunny Boy
Name Unit Range Default Description
E_Total kWh 0 ... 200000 Total energy yield (E_Total) and total operating hours
h_Total h 0 ... 200000
Usoll-Konst V 250 ... 600 600 PV setpoint voltage for constant voltage operation. The
I-NiTest/
impedance test
Uac-Min/Vac-Min V 180 ... 300 198 Lower (Uac-Min) and upper (Uac-Max) limit of
Uac-Max/Vac-Max V 180 ... 300 260
Fac-Delta- Hz 0 ... 4.5 0.19 Maximal frequency above (Fac-Delta+) and below
Fac-Delta+ Hz 0 ... 4.5 0.19
dFac-MAX Hz/s 0.005 ... 4.0 0.25 Maximal „rate of change of frequency“ before
dZac mOhm 0 ... 2000 350 Maximal „rate of change of grid impedance“ before
Upv-Start V 250 ... 600 300 Minimum voltage the Sunny Boy needs in order to
T-Start s 5 ... 300 10 Parameter relevant for start time. Counts seconds after
T-Stop s 1 ... 1800 2 Parameter relevant for the MPP-tracking. Do not
Betriebsart/
Operating Mode
Speicherfunktion/
Memory Function
Default GER/ENS Used for adjusting the parameters country specific
Never change the operating parameters without explicit
permission and instructions!
(h_Total) of the inverter. Changing the value can be
necessary when a Sunny Boy is exchanged and you
wish to match the previously acquired data
parameter is only important in case the parameter
„ Betriebsart“ is set to „U-konst“
mA 0 ... 15000 9000 Activates (9000) and deactivates (0) the automatic
MPP/Ikonst/
UKonst/Stop
impedance measurement. This parameter only takes
effect when the Sunny Boy was deactivated (by
disconnecting from the AC utility) or set to operating
mode „Stop“
permissible AC voltage (Anti-Islanding)
(Fac-Delta-) 50 Hz grid frequency before anti-islanding
trips
anti-islanding trips
anti-islanding trips
initiate normal operation.
minimum PV voltage is exceeded
change.
MPP Operating Mode of the Sunny Boy:
MPP: Maximum Power Point
Ukonst: Constant Voltage Mode (Setpoint defined in
„ Usoll-Konst“)
IKonst: Experimental mode / special applications
Stop: Disconnection from utility, no operation
none Default Parameter: Sets all parameters to default
Reset Betriebsdaten: Sets all parameters that are visible
in user level to default values.
Reset Fehler: Resets a permanent device disable (dBh)
settings
Table 6.1: Operating Parameters of the Sunny Boy 2800i (changeable)
36 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Technical Documentation
Name Unit Range Default Description
Storage permanent permanent: changed parameters are stored in EPROM
Inst.-Code The parameters concerning anti-islanding can only be
and are still available after restarting the Sunny Boy
volatile: prevents storing the parameters in EPROM,
i. e. parameters are only saved until next startup
changed after entering the installers password here.
Table 6.1: Operating Parameters of the Sunny Boy 2800i (changeable)
The following parameters appear in parameter list but cannot be modified:
Name Unit Range Default Description
Plimit
SMA-SN
Software-BFR
Software-SRR
W 2850 Upper limit of AC output power
Serial Number of the Sunny Boy
Firmware version of the operation control unit (BFR)
Firmware version of the current control unit (SRR)
Table 6.2: Operating Parameters of the Sunny Boy 2800i (fixed)
6.4.4 Precision of Measured Value Acquisition
Acquisition of measured values always is imprecise within a certain margin. The measured values
acquired by the Sunny Boy 2800i are required for its system management and control of current
to be fed to the grid. This is why measured values of the Sunny Boy 2800i must be reproducible.
The maximum error of measured value acquisition is specified for an ambient temperature T
25 °C. A temperature coefficient failure must be accounted for with other ambient temperatures.
of
U
Physical variable Unit Measurement
range
Input voltage
Input current
Grid voltage
Grid current
Grid frequency
Power fed to grid
Energy fed to grid
Operating hours
UPV [V] 0 ... 659 V 1 V 1.12 V ±2 %
IPV [mA] 0 ... 13500 mA 1 mA 2.92 mA ±4 %
UAC [V] 180 ... 300 V 1 V 0.3 V ±1 %
IAC [mA] 0 ... 15000 mA 1 mA 7.3 mA ±2 %
fAC [Hz] 45 ... 55 Hz 0.01 Hz 0.01 Hz ±0.1 %
PAC [W] 0 ... 3000 W 1 W 2 W ±3 %
E [kWh] 0 ... 4.29*109Wmin 1 Wmin 20 Wmin ±3 %
h [h] 0 ... 4.29*109 s 1 s 375 µs ±0.1 %
Resolution
of display
Resolution of
measurement
Max. failure
(of final value,
T
=25°C)
U
Table 6.3: Measured value acquisition ot the Sunny Boy 2800i
SB2800i-11:FE0504 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH 37
Technical Documentation Operating Instructions
6.4.5 Failure Messages
In case of a failure the Sunny Boy 2800i generates the failure code according to the operating
mode and the detected failure.
Failure Code Descripition
Uac-Bfr/
Uac-Srr
The AC grid voltage is exceeding the permissible range. („Bfr“ or „ Srr“ is an
internal message and is not important for the user.) Uac can also result from a
disconnected grid or a disconnected AC cable. The Sunny Boy assumes that the
public grid is down and disconnects from the grid in order to avoid islanding.
Check the grid voltage and the grid cable connection in the Sunny Boy
enclosure. If the grid voltage is out of range due to your local grid conditions
contact the utility company and ask if it is possible to modify the utility
conditions. If the grid voltage is within the tolerable range and you still observe
the failure message „Uac-Bfr“ or „Uac-Srr“ contact SMA.
Fac-Bfr
Fac-Srr
Zac-Bfr/
Zac-Srr
The AC grid frequency is exceeding the permissable range. („ Bfr“ or „ Srr“ is
an internal message and is not important for the user.) The Sunny Boy assumes
that the public grid is down and disconnects from the grid in order to avoid
islanding.
Check the grid frequency and the grid cable connection in the Sunny Boy
enclosure. If the grid frequency is out of range due to your local grid conditions
contact the utility company and ask if it is permissable to change the grid
monitoring parameters of the Sunny Boy. Contact SMA about how to change
the grid monitoring parameters of your Sunny Boy. If the grid frequency is within
the tolerable range and you still observe the failure message „Fac-Bfr“ or
„Fac-Srr“ contact SMA.
The AC grid impedance is exceeding the permissable range. („Bfr“ or „ Srr“ is
an internal message and is not important for the user.) The Sunny Boy assumes
that the public grid is down and disconnects from the grid in order to avoid
islanding.
The impedance is the sum of the grids internal impedance and the impedance
of the AC cable that connects the Sunny Boy to the grid.
Check the grid impedance and the grid cable connection in the Sunny Boy
enclosure. Use a cable with a higher cross section (=lower impedance) for
connection of the Sunny Boy to the grid. If the grid impedance is out of range
due to your local grid conditions contact the utility company and ask if it is
possible to modify the utility conditions.
38 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Technical Documentation
Failure Code Description
dZac-Bfr
dZac-Srr
The rate of change of the AC grid impedance is exceeding the permissable
range. („Bfr“ or „Srr“ is an internal message and is not important for the user.)
The Sunny Boy assumes that the public grid is down and disconnects from the
grid in order to avoid islanding.
If you therefore often observe „ dZac-Bfr“ or „dZac-Srr“ consult the utility
company and ask if it is permissable to change the grid monitoring parameters
of the Sunny Boy. Contact SMA about how to change the grid monitoring
parameters of your Sunny Boy.
Riso The electric isolation of the PV system to the ground is leaking. The resistance
between one of the poles and ground is below a defined threshold.
Have the plant checked for ground faults. This can be defective cable crimpings,
cracked modules (especially when moist) or similar.
Imax Overcurrent on the AC side. This failure code is indicated in case the current to
the AC grid exceeds the specification. Have your plant configuration checked.
UpvMax PV input voltage above the tolerable maximum value
NUW-Mess
NUW-FAC
Internal measurement comparison error: The Sunny Boy 2800i measured values
of BFR and SRR are too different from each other.
NUW-UAC
NUW-ZAC
K1-Schliess
Relay test failed
K1-Trenn
EEPROM Transition failure during reading or writing of data EPROM, the data is not
essential for safe operation - this failure does not effect performance.
EEPROM dBh Data EPROM defective, device is set to permanent disable due to the fact that the
data loss affects important functions of the Sunny Boy. Contact SMA.
Offset Grid monitoring self-test failed.
Rechner BFR or SSR controller failure
ROM The internal test of the Sunny Boy Control system firmware failed. Contact SMA
in case you observe this failure often.
Watchdog Internal Watchdog function triggered
Iac-DC-Offs DC injection to high
EeRestore One of the two data records of the EEPROM was defective and has been repaired
without loosing data.
SB2800i-11:FE0504 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH 39
Technical Documentation Operating Instructions
6.5 Declaration of Conformity (CE)
40 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Technical Documentation
6.6 Clean Report of Findings (Grid Guard)
The Sunny Boy 2800i is equipped with the automatic anti-islanding unit „ SMA grid guard“. The
following „clean report of findings“ applies for this unit:
SB2800i-11:FE0504 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH 41
Technical Documentation Operating Instructions
42 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Glossary
7 Glossary
AC
Abbreviation for „Alternating Current“
DC
Abbreviation for „Direct Current“
Derating
Controlled reduction of power, mostly depending on temperatures of certain modules. Compared
to a complete shutdown of a device, which is a usual procedure as well, the negative impact on
the external grid is lower with derating.
MSD
The „ Mains monitoring with allocated Switching Devices“ is an obligatory safety device which
interrupts the inverter’s feeding of PV power to the grid if the external power generators have shut
down.
Stand-alone plant, island plant
Power supply system which is totally independent from external power supply.
Maximum Power Point „MPP“
The operating point (current / voltage) of the PV generator where this generates maximum power
under the current conditions. The position of the MPP changes continuously, e. g. depending on
insolation and temperature.
MPP tracker
Unit that adjusts current and voltage of the PV generator in a way so as to make the generator
operate in its maximum power point.
Grid-tied plant
PV plant connected to a public electricity grid run by an external supplier company.
PLC
Abbrevation for „Power Line Communication“, term for data transmission via the grid cable
PV
Abbrevation for „Photovoltaics“, term for the conversion of light energy into electrical energy.
PV plant
A system consisting of components required for the generation and utilization of solar energy. In
the case of grid-tied plants these components include the PV generator and the inverter.
PV generator
SB2800i-11:FE0504 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH 43
Glossary Operating Instructions
Technical facility to convert light energy into electrical energy. Usually the term includes all PV
modules of a PV plant that have been mounted and electrically wired.
PV module
See „ Solar module“
Solar energy
Energy supplied by the sun, i. E. energy from sunlight or other insolation (heat, UV radiation)
Solar module
Combination of individual solar cells in one enclosure which protects the delicate cells against
mechanical strain and guarantees easy installation.
Solar cell
Electronic component which can supply electrical energy when in sunlight. As the electric voltage
of one single solar cell is very low (approx. 0.5 V) several cells are combined into solar modules.
The material mostly used for solar cells at the moment is silicon. It is upgraded in different ways
(mono-crystaline, poly-crystaline, amorph) before use. There are also various ways to increase
efficiency mechanically. In addition totally new materials are currently tested (Cadmium-Tellurid,
Cadmium-Indium-sulfide, titan dioxide etc.).
String
A group of solar modules switched in series. Usually a PV plant consists of several strings. Thus it
is possible to avoid too high yield losses if the modules are shadowed to a different extent.
String inverter
Inverter concept avoiding the disadvantages of a concept with one central inverter. The PV
generator is divided into individual strings which are each connected to the external grid with
their own string inverter. This considerably simplifies installation and reduces yield losses due to
variations in manufacture or a different degree of shading of solar modules.
Inverter
Device to convert the direct current (DC) supplied by the PV generator into alternating current (AC)
which is required for the supply of most consumers and especially for feeding into the public grid.
Inverters for PV plants usually include one or more MPP trackers.
Central inverter
Inverter concept where all PV modules are wired among each other (switching in series and / or
in parallel). One single inverter feeds into the external grid. Costs for a central inverter concept
are lower, but installation might be much more complicated and yield losses may occur due to
shadowing of individual solar modules.
44 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
Operating Instructions Contact
8Contact
If you have any questions about or technical problems with the Sunny Boy 2800i our hotline will
be happy to assist you. Please keep the following data ready when contacting SMA:
•Type of inverter
• Type of Modules connected
• Communication Interfaces
• Serial number of the Sunny Boy
Address:
SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Hannoversche Straße 1 - 5
34266 Niestetal
Germany
Tel.:+49 (561) 95 22 - 499
Fax:+49 (561) 95 22 - 4699
hotline@SMA.de
www.SMA.de
SB2800i-11:FE0504 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH 45
Contact Operating Instructions
46 SMA Regelsysteme GmbH SB2800i-11:FE0504
SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
www.SMA.de
Hannoversche Str. 1-5
34266 Niestetal
Deutschland
Tel. +49 561 9522 0
Fax +49 561 9522 100
www. SMA.de
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