Simrad SP90 User Manual
Operator manual
Simrad SP90
Low frequency long range fishery sonar
www.simrad.com
M A X I M I Z I N G Y O U R P E R F O R M A N C E A T S E A
850-164511 / Rev.E
SP90
Low frequency long range
fishery sonar
Operator manual
WARNING
The sonar must never be powered up when the ship is
in dry dock. The transducer will be damaged if it
transmits in open air. To prevent inadvertent use of the
sonar, pull out the mains plug on the Sonar Processor
Unit whenever the vessel is in dry dock.
About this document
Rev Date Written by Checked by Approved by
Rev.E
17.12.04 RBr OBG OBG
Complies to software version 1.2.X Added and changed parameter and
maintenance details.
© 2004 Simrad AS
ISBN 82-8066-003-8
All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be
reproduced or otherwise copied without prior permission from Simrad AS.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without prior notice.
Simrad AS shall not be liable for errors contained herein, or for incidental or
consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this
document.
Simrad AS
Strandpromenaden 50
Box 111
N-3191 Horten
Telephone: +47 33 03 40 00
Facsim il e: +47 33 04 29 87
M A X I M I Z I N G Y O U R P E R F O R M A N C E A T S E A
Sections
1. System description
This chapter provides a brief introduction to the SP90, and defines the main
units. Refer to page 1.
2. Display modes
This chapter defines the available operational display modes. Refer to page
13.
3. Sonar Operating Panel
The main functions of the SP90 is controlled by a dedicated keyboard; the
operating panel. The controls and functions of this unit is described. Refer
to page 25.
4. Operation
This chapter provides the basic knowledge on how to operate the SP90
sonar. Refer to page 38.
Operator manual
5. Menu description
Operation of the SP90 sonar is also menu based. and the menus will
automatically adjust to your current operational modes. This chapter
explains all the menus, and referes directly to the relevant parameters. Refer
to page 58.
6. Parameters
All the operational functions of the SP90 sonar are controlled by the
parameters accessed from the menu system. In this chapter, all the
parameters are described and explaind. They are listed in alphabetical
order. Refer to page 85.
7. Maintenance
This chapter explains how to perform the on-board maintenance on the
SP90 sonar. Refer to page 155.
850-164511 / Rev.E
I
Simrad SP90
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 1......................................
Introduction 1..................................................
System overview 2..............................................
Main units 2..............................................
Wheelhouse units 2........................................
Sonar room units 3.........................................
System diagram 4...............................................
Options 6......................................................
General 6................................................
Triple- or multiple-frequency 6...............................
Scientific output 6.........................................
Functional description 7..........................................
Introduction 7.............................................
Functional principles 7......................................
Stabilization system 9......................................
Reception 9...............................................
Transmission 10............................................
Peripheral equipment 12...........................................
DISPLAY MODES 13.............................................
Introduction 13..................................................
Bow Up 14......................................................
North Up 15.....................................................
True Motion 16..................................................
180°/Audio 17...................................................
270°/Vertical 18..................................................
Bow Up / Vertical 19..............................................
True Motion/Vertical 20...........................................
Bow Up / Dual Vertical 21.........................................
Bow Up / 180° Vertical 22.........................................
Dual 1 23.......................................................
Dual 2 24.......................................................
SONAR OPERATING PANEL 25..................................
Introduction 25.............................................
Main switch 26.............................................
Symbol 27................................................
Mode 29..................................................
Gain 30...................................................
Range 31..................................................
II
850-164511 / Rev.E
Operator manual
Cursor 32.................................................
Train 34..................................................
Tilt 36....................................................
Various 37.................................................
OPERATION 38..................................................
Introduction 38..................................................
Maintaining the sonar 39...........................................
Maintenance procedures 39...................................
Important when docking the vessel 39...........................
Start and stop procedures 40........................................
Start procedure 40..........................................
Stop procedure 41...........................................
Dry-docking safety measures 42...............................
Menu operation 43................................................
Introduction 43.............................................
Screen presentations 44......................................
Menu structure 46..........................................
Menu buttons 47............................................
Selecting a new parameter value 48.............................
Stored parameters 50........................................
Visual aids 51...................................................
Common information on the display 51.........................
Moving the boundary lines 51.................................
Cosmetics 52....................................................
Installation of options 55...........................................
On-line help 57..................................................
MENU DESCRIPTIONS 58.......................................
Introduction 58..................................................
Active menus 59.................................................
Overview 59...............................................
Horizontal 60..............................................
Vertical 61................................................
Display 62................................................
Setup 63..................................................
Objects 64.................................................
Temporary menus 65..............................................
Cosmetics 66..............................................
Store/Recall 67.............................................
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III
Simrad SP90
System test 68.............................................
Sort Modes 70.............................................
Pop-up menus 71.................................................
View pop-up 72............................................
Object pop-up 74...........................................
View menus 76..................................................
GeoView 77...............................................
VerticalView 78............................................
CatchView 79..............................................
Messages 80.....................................................
Message categories 80.......................................
Warnings 81...............................................
Operator alarms 82..........................................
System alarms 83...........................................
Errors 84..................................................
PARAMETERS 85.................................................
About parameter dialogues and help 85...............................
Alphabetical list 86...............................................
About 87..................................................
AGC (Automatic Gain Control) 88.............................
Audio Volume 89...........................................
Beam 90..................................................
Bearing (Horizontal) 92......................................
Bearing (Display) 94........................................
Bearing (Vertical) 95........................................
Colour Threshold 96........................................
Colours 97................................................
Data Source 98.............................................
Dead Reckoning 99.........................................
Default Setting 100..........................................
Direction Indicator 101.......................................
Display Gain 102............................................
Edit Gear (Purse) 103.........................................
Edit Gear (Trawl) 104........................................
Edit School 106.............................................
External Synchronization 107..................................
Fish Alarm 108..............................................
Frequency 109..............................................
Gain 110...................................................
IV
850-164511 / Rev.E
Operator manual
Gear 11 1...................................................
Heading 112................................................
Inspect Object 113...........................................
Language 114...............................................
Menu 115..................................................
Message Bar 116............................................
Mode 117..................................................
Mode Buttons 118...........................................
Movements 119.............................................
Palette 120.................................................
Panel Backlight 121..........................................
PP Filter 122...............................................
Pulse Form 123.............................................
Range 125..................................................
Range (Catch View) 126......................................
RCG (Reverberation Controlled Gain) 127........................
Recall 128..................................................
Recall Mode 128............................................
Ruler 129..................................................
Scale 130..................................................
School 131.................................................
Scientific Output (Option) 132.................................
Search Sector 133............................................
Search Step 134.............................................
Sector 135..................................................
Slant Range/True Range 136...................................
Speed 137..................................................
Stabilizer 138...............................................
Status 139..................................................
Store 140..................................................
Store Mode 140.............................................
Target Track 141.............................................
Tilt 142....................................................
Time and Date 143...........................................
Track History 144............................................
Track Window 145...........................................
Transducer 146..............................................
TVG (Time Variable Gain) 147.................................
Tx Power 148...............................................
Units 149..................................................
850-164511 / Rev.E
V
Simrad SP90
User Setting 150.............................................
Wind Direction 151..........................................
Wind Speed 152.............................................
Zoom 153..................................................
Zoom Scale 154.............................................
ON-BOARD MAINTENANCE 155..................................
Introduction 155..................................................
Preventive maintenance schedule 156..................................
Wheelhouse units 157..............................................
Cleaning 157...............................................
Dust filter 157..............................................
Transceiver Unit 159...............................................
Dust filter 159..............................................
Replacing fuses 159..........................................
Hull unit 160.....................................................
General 160................................................
Hull unit familiarization 161...................................
Docking the vessel 162.......................................
Cleaning the transducer 164....................................
Hoist motor overload protection 165.............................
Emergency hoisting and lowering 166............................
Air bleeding 168.............................................
Lubrication 169.............................................
VI
850-164511 / Rev.E
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Introduction
The Simrad SP90 sonar is a long range omnidirectional low
frequency sonar, designed for medium and large sized fishing
vessels, preferably for purse seiners. The standard frequency is
26 kHz (triple and multiple frequencies as option), and the beam
can be electronically tilted from +10 to –60 degrees.
Great emphasis has been placed on giving the best possible
presentations on a high resolution colour display. The processor
unit is controlled by Microsoft’s Windows XP operating
system, which result in a flexible choice of display modes for a
large range of user applications.
The signal processing and beamforming is performed in a fast
digital signal processing system using the full dynamic range of
the signals. In addition to the traditional single frequency
transceiver system, the SP90 sonar contains an advanced
frequency modulated filter system (FM).
System description
The cylindrical multi-element transducer allows the
omni-directional sonar beam to be tilted electronically down to
-60 degrees. This allows you to automatically track schools of
fish, and to observe the whole water volume around the vessel.
A stabilization system is included for electronic pitch and roll
compensation.
Topics
System overview, page 2
System diagram, page 4
Options, page 6
Functional description, page 7
Peripheral equipment, page 12
Important notice
Windows, Windows NT and Windows XP are either registered
trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the
United States and/or other countries.
850-164511 / Rev.E
1
Simrad SP90
System overview
Main units
The Simrad SP90 sonar consists of the following units:
Wheelhouse units:
- Display monitor
- Sonar Operating Panel
- Sonar Processor Unit
- Sonar Interface Unit
- Loudspeaker
Sonar room units:
- Transceiver Unit
- Hull Unit
Wheelhouse units
The Display Monitor is a high-resolution colour LCD (Liquid
Crystal Display). In addition to the sonar picture, the monitor
can also display the user menu for the interactive operation. In
order to ease the situation comprehension, certain colours have
been chosen to better the distinction between the various
elements in the scene.
The Operating Panel contains all necessary control functions
for operating the sonar. The controls are arranged in function
groups, which gives a clear and easy operation. Note that all
sonar operation also may be made from the trackball, or from an
optional standard mouse.
The Sonar Processor Unit contains a ruggedized computer,
which runs the Microsoft Windows XP operating system.
The software has been modified by Simrad to suit the SP90
sonar requirements. The unit holds a CD R/WR unit to be used
for future software upgrades.
The Sonar Interface Unit provides interface for all auxiliary
equipment; log, gyro, GPS, echo sounder, trawl systems, purse
seine systems etc. One signal cable is used for the
communication with the Transceiver Unit in the sonar room.
The Loudspeaker reproduces the audio of the echoes for the
selected audio channel.
Note that SP90 sonars shipped before August 2003 use a
different Sonar Processor Unit; the APC10. These sonars do not
have the Sonar Interface Unit fitted. All interfaces to peripheral
equipment are then handled by the APC10.
2
850-164511 / Rev.E
System description
Sonar room units
The Transceiver Unit is located in the sonar room, close to the
Hull Unit. One signal cable is used for communication with the
Sonar Interface Unit in the wheelhouse. The transceiver
performs the signal processing and the digital beamforming of
the 256 transmitters and 256 receiver channels, which are
located on the eight identical transceiver boards.
The standard Hull Unit is designed to be lowered 1.2 meters
below the ship’s hull. (An optional hull unit will lower the
transducer to 1,6 meters below the hull.) The transducer can also
be lowered to any selectable middle position. Note that in case
of voltage failure, the Hull Unit can be manually raised or
lowered by means of a hand crank.
The cylindrical 256-elements transducer allows the sonar beam
to give full 360 degrees coverage of the water volume down to
-60 degrees.
The sensor for the electronic stabilization of the sonar beams is
housed in the Motor Control Unit, which is mounted on the Hull
Unit.
Warning If the transducer hits larger objects or bottom,
the transducer shaft may be bent, o r in worst
caseitcanbebrokenoff.Abrokentransducer
shaft will cause water leakage in the top of the
shaft. To prevent larger leakages in such a case,
do not
position. To prevent serious damages it is
therefore of great importance to have a good
pump and warning system in the sonar room.
Related topics
System diagram, page 4
raise the transducer shaft to the upper
850-164511 / Rev.E
3
Simrad SP90
System diagram
A simplified SP90 system diagram is shown.
(A) = Colour display
(B) = Operating Panel
(C) = Sonar Processor Unit
(D) = Sonar Interface Unit
(E) = Loudspeaker
(F) = Multiple interface lines to peripheral equipment
(G) = Transceiver Unit
(H) = Hull Unit
(1) = Wheelhouse
(2) = Sonar room
4
850-164511 / Rev.E
115/230 Vac
115/230 Vac
System description
A
Wheelhouse
Sonar room
D
C
G
115/230 Vac
230/380/440 V ac
3-phase
E
B
F
H
850-164511 / Rev.E
(CD6482B)
5
Simrad SP90
Options
General
The standard SP90 is a single 26 kHz version with maximum 60
degrees tilt, and with beam stabilization.
The beam stabilization was an optional function until 1 January
2003. After that date, the function was included with the
standard sonar delivery.
The options described below are pre-programmed into the
standard software version, and a code word is required to make
the actual option available. Simrad offers a 1 month free test
period for certain options. Note that the Scientific Output
function is not available for such a test period.
For a permanent installation of a chosen option, a new code
word will be released from Simrad when the option is ordered.
Triple- or multiple-frequency
In addition to the standard 26 kHz frequency, options are
available for triple and multiple frequencies.
In the triple-frequency version, you can select between 24
kHz, 26 kHz and 28 kHz.
In the multiple-frequency version you can select from 11
frequenciesfrom20to30kHzin1kHzsteps.
These selections are particulary useful when it is necessary to
suppress interference from other sonars.
Scientific output
The Scientific Output is designed for research purposes. When
activated, the following data are available on an Ethernet (LAN)
output:
Beam data
Target data
Own ship data
Gear data
The scientific output option may also include software for a
Scientific Data Logger.
Note that this option is not available for a free test period.
Related topics
Code words, procedure, page 55
6
850-164511 / Rev.E
Functional description
Introduction
The basic principles of the SP90 sonar are unique because of the
256 separate transmitter and receiver channels with their
transducer elements spread around on the cylindrical transducer
array.
The transmission, reception and data processing are under
computer control, and the powerful capabilities of the sonar are
the results of sophisticated digital signal processing software
and state of the art hardware.
Functional principles
When the Omni beam is tilted, the t otal beam picture can be
compared with folding an umbrella, which means that all beams
in 360 degrees around the vessel have the same tilt angle.
System description
Omni beam
principle
The beam can be tilted from +10 up to -60 degrees down.
In addition to seeing the target from above, it is also possible to
see the target from the side, by using the vertical slice
presentation. In this case the beam covers a continuous vertical
beam from 0 to -60 degrees in one transmission.
850-164511 / Rev.E
This vertical slice, which is presented by the white audio line in
the horizontal picture, can be selected to any bearing by the
manual training control. The combination of the Omni mode
and the vertical slice will give an optimal visualization of the
catch situation.
7
Simrad SP90
60 degrees vertical
slice
Omni/Vertical
combination
In addition to the Omni picture, the vertical slice is especially
useful for visualizing the vertical distribution of a school of fish.
In that way, it is not necessary to go over the target to see the
distribution on the echo sounder, which often results in a
spreading of the school.
8
850-164511 / Rev.E
Stabilization
system
System description
Stabilization system
When the beam stabilizer is activated, both horizontal and
vertical beams will be stabilized electronically for roll and pitch
movements up to 20 degrees. The beam direction will then
change continuously according to the vessel’s movements, and
secure an optimal contact with the targets even in rough seas.
Reception
A great effort has been made to reduce unwanted noise to get a
clean and stable echo presentation. To achieve this goal the
sonar receiver has the following filtering possibilities:
FM Correlation filter
In addition to the traditional single frequency transmitting
method, the SP90 sonar is equipped with an FM correlation
mode.
In FM mode each transmission pulse contains up to eight
different frequencies, and the receiver makes a spectrum
analysis and compares the received echoes with the transmitted
frequency code. This provides a filtering effect, which
efficiently reduces interference, noise and reverberation. In
addition to giving a clean and stable echo presentation, this will
normally also increases the sonar’s detection range
Frequency selection (Option)
The optional triple- and multiple frequency selections can be
used for suppression of interference from other sonars.
850-164511 / Rev.E
9
Simrad SP90
However, the sound absorption in salt water increases with the
frequency, thus giving the lower frequencies a longer detection
range.
AGC (Automatic Gain Control)
This control will automatically adjust the gain in the
preamplifiers depending on the strength of the incoming echo
signals. The strength of the filter can be selected in the menu.
Note that the AGC senses the echo strength in five fixed
directions, and use this as a basis for adjusting all the receiver
beams.
RCG (Reverberation Controlled Gain)
The RCG filter senses the noise level (reverberation, propeller
noise, etc.), and adjusts the gain individually for each of the 64
receiver beams in order to eliminate noise on the display. The
strength of the filter can be selected in the menu. With
maximum strenght is selected, the RCG will effectively reduce
the bottom in shallow water, while variations on the bottom will
be displayed.
Note that scattered fish can be perceived as reverberation. The
RCG filter must therefore be used with care if scattered schools
are to be detected.
PP Filter
The SP90 sonar is equipped with a ping-to-ping filter to give a
clean and steady presentation by reducing the interference and
noise. This filter compares the echoes from a selected amount of
transmissions (pings), and an echo has to be present in the
selected amount of pings in order to be presented on the display.
Note that in rough seas, when the beam easily can miss the
target in several pings, the PP filter must be used with care.
TVG (Time Variable Gain)
The TVG function controls the gain of the receiver so that a
school with a given size and density is presented with
approximately the same strength on the display, inside the
regulated TVG range. This can also be seen as a filter, because it
reduces the noise close to the vessel.
The regulated strength of the TVG can be selected in the menu.
10
Transmission
The transmitting is controlled by the signal processor in the
Transceiver Unit. The parameters you have chosen are used.
850-164511 / Rev.E
System description
There are 256 separate transmitters in the unit distributed on
eight transceiver circuit boards. Each transmitter is individually
addressed and controlled from the signal processor. The
controlled parameters include power output and time delay for
each transducer element in order to form a beam with the
selected tilt angle.
When the stabilisation system is active, the tilt angle for each
beam will automatically be corrected relative to the vessel’s
pitch and roll movements.
Related topics
Frequency options, page 6
850-164511 / Rev.E
11
Simrad SP90
Peripheral equipment
The SP90 sonar requires connection to a speed log and a course
gyro. An inaccurate log or gyro input will cause inaccurate
indication of the vessel and target movements.
In addition to log and gyro, the following peripheral equipment
can be connected to the sonar.
A (D)GPS may be connected to the SP90 sonar to establish
the vessels position and provide cursor and marker latitude
and longitude.
Simrad echo sounders (EQ, ES and EK Series) provides a
bottom plot on the catch data page.
Simrad PI32 Net Monitoring system provides the net depth in
digits and bars on the catch data presentation.
Simrad trawl instrumentation; FS 900, FS 3300 or ITI
- FS 900 and FS 3300: The trawl will be displayed in
correct depth.
- ITI: The trawl will be displayed in correct size, depth,
distance and bearing.
A Current meter system will indicate the current speed and
direction for up to three different depths in the sonar picture.
A radio buoy system (GPS type) will provide the
geographical position of the buoy(s) in the sonar picture.
For connection of any of this peripheral equipment, contact your
local dealer.
12
850-164511 / Rev.E
DISPLAY MODES
Introduction
This chapter describes the SP90 display modes. The various
modes represent the graphical presentation of sonar data.
Several display modes are available to present the best possible
presentations as well as flexible choices for a large range of user
applications.
Topics
Bow Up, page 14
North Up, page 15
True Motion, page 16
180
/ Audio, page 17
Display modes
270
Bow Up / Vertical, page 19
True Motion / Vertical, page 20
Bow Up / Dual Vertical, page 21
Bow Up / 180
Dual 1, page 23
Dual 2, page 24
/ Vertical, page 18
Vertical, page 22
Display mode selection is made on the second menu button in
the main menu. The four first display modes shown can also
easily be selected with the four Mode buttons on the Sonar
Operating Panel.
Note that the descriptive order of the display modes in this
chapter has been chosen only to simplify the descriptions. In
operational conditions, the order of the display modes depends
on the selected gear (seine net, bottom trawl or pelagic trawl)
This is because different initial display modes are used for easy
selection by the four Mode buttons on the Sonar Operating
Panel. The order of these display modes can easily be changed
in the Sort Mode menu.
850-164511 / Rev.E
All the display modes in the following chapters are shown
without echoes.
Related topics
Mode buttons, page 29
Sort Modes, page 70
13
Simrad SP90
Bow Up
When Bow Up mode is selected, the vessel symbol is stationary
on the screen with the bow pointing upwards. The echo
presentation covers 360 degrees around the vessel, and all
echoes are updated for every ping. The distance from the vessel
symbol to the outer echo ring is equal to the selected range.
14
The movement of the echoes across the screen are controlled by
a combination of the vessel’s course and speed and the target’s
own movements.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 52
850-164511 / Rev.E
North Up
Display modes
When the North Up mode is selected, true north is always up
on the screen. The vessel symbol is stationary with the bow
pointing in the vessle’s course direction. The movement of the
echoes across the screen are controlled by a combination of the
vessel’s course and speed and the target’s own movements.
850-164511 / Rev.E
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 52
15
Simrad SP90
True Motion
When the True Motion mode is selected, the picture is locked
to a geographical position, where the vessel moves around the
screen according to its present course and speed. All echoes are
always presented in their correct position relative to the vessel,
and their movements on the screen will be a true representation
of the movements of the targets through the water.
16
When the vessel symbol reaches the edge of the screen, it will
automatically be moved back to the centre, or to a position
determined by the Off Centre button. This position is reset to
the screen centre whenever the mode is changed. When you
select Target Track, the target will automatically be moved to
the screen centre.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 52
850-164511 / Rev.E
180°/Audio
Display modes
When the 180°/Audio mode is selected, the upper half of the
screen shows a 180 degrees bow-up presentation, while the
lower part is used for a recording of the audio channel.
The audio channel is shown with a continuous white line in the
horizontal picture, and it can be trained in any direction. The
recorded echoes are a direct replica of the echoes under the
white audio line. As the audio channel is recorded over a period
of time, this mode is especially useful for detection of weak
echoes mixed with reverberation or noise.
The information recorded by the audio channel is always stored
in the computer, even if another mode is selected. That means
that this recording will always be presented when selecting the
180°/Audio mode. Note that the vessel symbol can be moved to
any position in the horizontal view with the cursor and Off
Centre button.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 52
850-164511 / Rev.E
17
Simrad SP90
270°/Vertical
The 270°/Vertical mode is specially designed for purse seining.
The vertical half slice is displayed in the lower left corner for
normal setting with the net on the starboard side. If the net is set
on the port side, the 60 degrees vertical slice will be displayed
in the lower right hand corner.
18
With this presentation, it is easy to keep the best contact with a
school in both the vertical and horizontal presentation, and to
determine its size distribution. The position of the school
relative to the bottom is another important information provided
by this presentation. The Catch data presentation for purse
seining is shown on the right hand side. It shows all the net data
relative to the target and the bottom, as well as all available
target data.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 52
850-164511 / Rev.E
Bow Up / Vertical
When the Bow Up / Vertical mode is selected, the picture is
divided into three sections; where the left side is a bow-up
presentation similar to the bow-up presentation previously
described.
Display modes
850-164511 / Rev.E
The upper part on the right hand side is a catch data
presentation, while the lower part is a 60 degree vertical slice
presentation.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 52
19
Simrad SP90
True Motion/Vertical
When the True Motion/Vertical mode is selected, the picture is
divided into three sections; where the left side is a True motion
presentation similar to the true motion presentation previously
described.
20
The upper part on the right-hand side is a Catch data
presentation, while the lower part is a 60 degrees Vertical slice
presentation.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 52
850-164511 / Rev.E
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