Simrad SP70 User Manual

Operator manual
SP70 Low frequency, long range fishery sonar
www.simrad.com
M A X I M I Z I N G Y O U R P E R F O R M A N C E A T S E A
850-164186 / Rev.D
SP70
Low frequency, long range
Operator manual
WARNING
The sonar must never be powered up when the ship is in dry dock. The transducer will be damaged if it transmits in open air. To prevent inadvertent use of the sonar, pull out the mains plug on the Sonar Processor Unit whenever the vessel is in dry dock.
About this document
Rev Date Written by Checked by Approved by
Rev.D
25.11.04 RBr SØJ OBG
Updated for software version 1.2.X
© 2004 Simrad AS ISBN 82-8066-009-07 All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be
reproduced or otherwise copied without prior permission from Simrad AS. The information contained in this document is subject to change without prior notice.
Simrad AS shall not be liable for errors contained herein, or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this document.
Simrad AS Strandpromenaden 50 Box 111 N-3191 Horten
Telephone: +47 33 03 40 00 Facsim il e: +47 33 04 29 87
M A X I M I Z I N G Y O U R P E R F O R M A N C E A T S E A
Sections
1 System description
This chapter provides a brief introduction to the SP70, and defines the main units. Refer to page 1.
2 Display modes
This chapter defines the available operational display modes. Refer to page
14.
3 Sonar Operating Panel
The main functions of the SP70 is controlled by a dedicated keyboard; the operating panel. The controls and functions of this unit is described. Refer to page 30.
4Operation
This chapter provides the basic knowledge on how to operate the SP70 sonar. Refer to page 43.
Operator manual
5 Menu description
Operation of the SP70 sonar is also menu based. and the menus will automatically adjust to your current operational modes. This chapter explains all the menus, and referes directly to the relevant parameters. Refer to page 63.
6 Parameters
All the operational functions of the SP70 sonar are controlled by the parameters accessed from the menu system. In this chapter, all the parameters are described and explaind. They are listed in alphabetical order. Refer to page 95.
7 Maintenance
This chapter explains how to perform the on-board maintenance on the SP70 sonar. Refer to page 167.
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Simrad SP70
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 1......................................
Introduction 1..................................................
System overview 2..............................................
Main units 2..............................................
Wheelhouse units 2........................................
Sonar room units 3.........................................
System diagram 4...............................................
Options 6......................................................
General 6................................................
90 degrees tilt 6...........................................
Triple- or multiple-frequency 6...............................
Scientific output 7.........................................
Functional description 8..........................................
Introduction 8.............................................
Functional principles 8......................................
Stabilization system 10......................................
Reception 10...............................................
Transmission 12............................................
Peripheral equipment 13...........................................
DISPLAY MODES 14.............................................
Introduction 14..................................................
Bow Up 16......................................................
North Up 17.....................................................
True Motion 18..................................................
180° / Audio 19..................................................
180° / Echosounder (Option) 20.....................................
180° / Vertical (Option) 21.........................................
270° / Vertical 22.................................................
Omni / Vertical (Option) 23........................................
Omni / Echosounder (Option) 24....................................
Bow Up / Vertical 25..............................................
True Motion / Vertical 26..........................................
Dual 1 27.......................................................
Dual 2 28.......................................................
Fish Tagging 29..................................................
SONAR OPERATING PANEL 30..................................
Introduction 30.............................................
Main switch 31.............................................
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Operator manual
Symbol 32................................................
Mode 34..................................................
Gain 35...................................................
Range 36..................................................
Cursor 37.................................................
Train 39..................................................
Tilt 41....................................................
Various 42.................................................
OPERATION 43..................................................
Introduction 43..................................................
What this chapter contains 43.................................
Maintaining the sonar 44...........................................
Maintenance procedures 44...................................
Important when docking the vessel 44...........................
Start and stop procedures 45........................................
Start procedure 45..........................................
Stop procedure 46...........................................
Dry-docking safety measures 47...............................
Menu operation 48................................................
Introduction 48.............................................
Screen presentations 49......................................
Menu structure 51..........................................
Menu buttons 52............................................
Selecting a new parameter value 53.............................
Stored parameters 55........................................
Visual aids 56...................................................
Common information on the display 56.........................
Moving the boundary lines 56.................................
Cosmetics 57....................................................
Installation of options 60...........................................
On-line help 62..................................................
MENU DESCRIPTIONS 63.......................................
Introduction 63..................................................
Active menus 64.................................................
Overview 64...............................................
Horizontal 65..............................................
Vertical 66................................................
Display 67................................................
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Setup 68..................................................
Objects 69.................................................
Echosounder 70............................................
Trawl 71..................................................
Fish Tagging 72............................................
Temporary menus 73..............................................
Cosmetics 74..............................................
Store/Recall 75.............................................
System test 76.............................................
Sort Modes 78.............................................
Pop-up menus 79.................................................
View pop-up 80............................................
Object pop-up 82...........................................
View menus 84..................................................
GeoView 85...............................................
VerticalView 86............................................
EchoView 87..............................................
TrawlView 88..............................................
CatchView 89..............................................
Messages 90.....................................................
Message categories 90.......................................
Warnings 91...............................................
Operator alarms 92..........................................
System alarms 93...........................................
Errors 94..................................................
PARAMETERS 95.................................................
About parameter dialogues and help 95...............................
Alphabetical list 96...............................................
About 97..................................................
AGC (Automatic Gain Control) 98.............................
Audio Volume 99...........................................
Beam 100..................................................
Bearing (Horizontal) 101......................................
Bearing (Display) 103........................................
Bearing (Vertical) 104........................................
Colour Threshold 105........................................
Colours 106................................................
Data Source 107.............................................
Dead Reckoning 108.........................................
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Operator manual
Default Setting 109..........................................
Direction Indicator 110.......................................
Display Gain 111............................................
Edit Gear (Purse) 112.........................................
Edit Gear (Trawl) 113........................................
Edit School 115.............................................
Expansion 116..............................................
External Synchronization 117..................................
Fish Alarm 118..............................................
Frequency 119..............................................
Gain 120...................................................
Gear 121...................................................
Heading 122................................................
Inspect Object 123...........................................
Language 124...............................................
Menu 125..................................................
Message Bar 126............................................
Mode 127..................................................
Mode Buttons 128...........................................
Movements 129.............................................
Palette 130.................................................
Panel Backlight 131..........................................
PP Filter 132...............................................
Pulse Form 133.............................................
Range 135..................................................
Range (Catch View) 136......................................
Range (Echo View) 137.......................................
RCG (Reverberation Controlled Gain) 138........................
Recall 139..................................................
Recall Mode 139............................................
Ruler 140..................................................
Scale 141..................................................
School 142.................................................
Scientific Output (Option) 143.................................
Search Sector 144............................................
Search Step 145.............................................
Sector 146..................................................
Slant Range/True Range 147...................................
Speed 148..................................................
Stabilizer 149...............................................
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Simrad SP70
Start Range / Stop Range 150..................................
Status 151..................................................
Store 152..................................................
Store Mode 152.............................................
Target Track 153.............................................
Tilt 154....................................................
Time and Date 155...........................................
Track History 156............................................
Track Window 157...........................................
Transducer 158..............................................
TVG (Time Variable Gain) 159.................................
Tx Power 160...............................................
Units 161..................................................
User Setting 162.............................................
Wind Direction 163..........................................
Wind Speed 164.............................................
Zoom 165..................................................
Zoom Scale 166.............................................
ON-BOARD MAINTENANCE 167..................................
Introduction 167..................................................
Wheelhouse units 168..............................................
Cleaning 168...............................................
Dust filter 168..............................................
Transceiver Unit 170...............................................
Dust filter 170..............................................
Replacing fuses 170..........................................
Hull unit 171.....................................................
General 171................................................
SP75 Hull unit familiarization 172..............................
Docking the vessel 175.......................................
Cleaning the transducer 177....................................
Hoist motor overload protection 178.............................
Emergency hoisting and lowering 179............................
Air bleeding 181.............................................
Lubrication 182.............................................
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SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Introduction
The Simrad SP70 sonar is a long range omnidirectional low freqyency sonar, designed for medium and large sized fishing vessels, both purse seiners and trawlers. The standard frequency is 26 kHz (triple and multiple frequencies as option), and the beam can be electronically tilted from +10 to –60 degrees (or optional -90 degrees).
Great emphasis has been placed on giving the best possible presentations on a high resolution colour display. The processor unit is controlled by Microsoft’s Windows XPoperating system, which result in a flexible choice of display modes for a large range of user applications.
The signal processing and beamforming is performed in a fast digital signal processing system using the full dynamic range of the signals. In addition to the traditional single frequency transceiver system, the SP70 sonar contains an advanced frequency modulated filter system (FM).
System description
The spherical multi-element transducer allows the omni-directional sonar beam to be tilted electronically in any direction. This allows you to automatically track schools of fish, and to observe the whole water volume around and below the vessel. A stabilization system is included for electronic pitch and roll compensation.
Topics
System overview, page 2 System diagram, page 4 Options, page 6 Functional description, page 8 Peripheral equipment, page 13
Important notice
Windows, Windows NT and Windows XPare either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
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Simrad SP70
System overview
Main units
The Simrad SP70 sonar consists of the following units: Wheelhouse units:
- Display monitor
- Sonar Operating Panel
- Sonar Processor Unit
- Sonar Interface Unit
- Loudspeaker
Sonar room units:
- Transceiver Unit
- Hull Unit
Wheelhouse units
The Display Monitor is a high-resolution colour LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). In addition to the sonar picture, the monitor can also display the user menu for the interactive operation. In order to ease the situation comprehension, certain colours have been chosen to better the distinction between the various elements in the scene.
The Operating Panel contains all necessary control functions for operating the sonar. The controls are arranged in function groups, which gives a clear and easy operation. Note that all sonar operation also may be made from the trackball, or from an optional standard mouse.
The Sonar Processor Unit contains a ruggedized computer, which runs the Microsoft Windows XPoperating system. The software has been modified by Simrad to suit the SP70 sonar requirements. The unit holds a CD R/WR unit to be used for future software upgrades.
The Sonar Interface Unit provides interface for all auxiliary equipment; log, gyro, GPS, echo sounder, trawl systems, purse seine systems etc. One signal cable is used for the communication with the Transceiver Unit in the sonar room.
The Loudspeaker reproduces the audio of the echoes for the selected audio channel.
Note that SP70 sonars shipped before August 2003 use a different Sonar Processor Unit; the APC10. These sonars do not have the Sonar Interface Unit fitted. All interfaces to peripheral equipment are then handled by the APC10.
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System description
Sonar room units
The Transceiver Unit is located in the sonar room, close to the Hull Unit. One signal cable is used for communication with the Sonar Interface Unit in the wheelhouse. The transceiver performs the signal processing and the digital beamforming of the 241 transmitters and 241 receiver channels, which are located on the eight identical transceiver boards.
The standard Hull Unit is designed to lower the transducer 1.0 meters below the ship’s hull. (Optional hull units will lower the transducer to 1,2 or 1,6 meters below the hull.) The transducer can also be lowered to any selectable middle position. Note that in case of voltage failure, the Hull Unit can be manually raised or lowered by means of a hand crank.
The spherical 241-elements transducer allows the sonar beam to give full 360 degrees coverage of the water volume around and below the vessel.
The sensor for the electronic stabilization of the sonar beams is housed in the Motor Control Unit, which is mounted on the Hull Unit.
Warning If the transducer hits larger obje cts or bottom,
the transducer shaft may be bent, or in worst caseitcanbebrokenoff.Abrokentransducer shaft will cause water leakage in the top of the shaft. To prevent larger leakages in such a case, do not position. To prevent serious damages it is therefore of great importance to have a good pump and warning system in the sonar room.
Related topics
System diagram, page 4
raise the transducer shaft to the upper
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Simrad SP70
System diagram
A simplified SP70 system diagram is shown. (A) = Colour display (B) = Operating Panel (C)=SonarProcessorUnit (D) = Sonar Interface Unit (E) = Loudspeaker (F) = Multiple interface lines to peripheral equipment (G) = Transceiver Unit (H) = Hull Unit (1) = Wheelhouse (2) = Sonar room
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System description
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Simrad SP70
Options
General
The standard SP70 sonar is a single 26 kHz version with maximum 60 degrees tilt, and with beam stabilization. With the limitation of this tilt, the sonar is most useful for purse seiners searching for fish in the upper water layers. This is because the standard version do not include the 90 and 180 degrees vertical slice presentations.
The beam stabilization was an optional function until 1 January
2003. After that date, the function was included with the standard sonar delivery.
The options described below are pre-programmed into the standard software version, and a code word is required to make the actual option available. Simrad offers a 1 month free test period for certain options. Note that the Scientific Output function is not available for such a test period.
For a permanent installation of a chosen option, a new code word will be released from Simrad when the option is ordered.
90 degrees tilt
The optional 90 degrees tilt version is specially powerful for trawlers, but is also very popular for purse seiners. This because in this version all the 180 degrees vertical modes available.
In the 180/Vertical and Omni/Vertical modes, a trainable 180 degrees vertical slice is presented.
Triple- or multiple-frequency
In addition to the standard 26 kHz frequency, options are available for triple and multiple frequencies.
In the triple-frequency version, you can select between 24
kHz, 26 kHz and 28 kHz.
In the multiple -frequency version you can select from 11
frequenciesfrom20to30kHzin1kHzsteps.
These selections are particulary useful when it is necessary to suppress interference from other sonars.
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System description
Scientific output
The Scientific Output is designed for research purposes. When activated, the following data are available on an Ethernet (LAN) output:
Beam dataTarget dataOwn ship dataGear data
The scientific output option may also include software for a Scientific Data Logger.
Note that this option is not available for a free test period.
Related topics
Code words, procedure, page 60
Display modes, page 14
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Simrad SP70
Functional description
Introduction
The basic principles of the SP70 sonar are unique because of the 241 separate transmitter and receiver channels with their transducer elements spread around on the spherical transducer array.
The transmission, reception and data processing are under computer control, and the powerful capabilities of the sonar are the results of sophisticated digital signal processing software and state of the art hardware.
Functional principles
When the Omni beam is tilted, the t otal beam picture can be compared with folding an umbrella, which means that all beams in 360 degrees around the vessel have the same tilt angle.
Omni beam principle
In the standard version, the beam can be tilted from +10 up to
-60 degrees down. For the optional 90 degrees tilt version, the beam can be tilted from +10 up to -90 degrees down, where -90 degrees is formed by one single beam straight down like an echo sounder.
In addition to seeing the target from above, it is also possible to see the target from the side, by using the vertical slice presentation. In this case the beam covers a continuous vertical beam from 0 to -60 degrees in one transmission. For the optional 90 degrees tilt version, a complete 180 degrees vertical slice can be presented.
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180 degrees vertical
l
slice
System description
Omni/Vertica combination
This vertical slice, which is presented by the white audio line in the horizontal picture, can be selected to any bearing by the manual training control. The combination of the Omni mode and the vertical slice will give an optimal visualization of the catch situation.
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Simrad SP70
In addition to the Omni picture, the vertical slice is especially useful for visualizing the vertical distribution of a school of fish. In that way, it is not necessary to go over the target to see the distribution on the echo sounder, which often results in a spreading of the school.
For the optional 90 degrees tilt version, the Omni/Vertical combination is used in several display modes to give the best situation overview for both purse seiners and trawlers. In these presentations the seine net and the trawl can be seen in relation to the vessel, the school of fish and the bottom.
Stabilization system
When the beam stabilizer is activated, both horizontal and vertical beams will be stabilized electronically for roll and pitch movements up to 20 degrees. The beam direction will then change continuously according to the vessel’s movements, and secure an optimal contact with the targets even in rough seas.
Stabilization system
Reception
A great effort has been made to reduce unwanted noise to get a clean and stable echo presentation. To achieve this goal the sonar receiver has the following filtering possibilities:
10
FM Correlation filter
In addition to the traditional single frequency transmitting method, the SP70 sonar is equipped with an FM correlation mode.
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System description
In FM mode each transmission pulse contains up to eight different frequencies, and the receiver makes a spectrum analysis and compares the received echoes with the transmitted frequency code. This provides a filtering effect, which efficiently reduces interference, noise and reverberation. In addition to giving a clean and stable echo presentation, this will normally also increases the sonar’s detection range
Frequency selection (Option)
The optional triple- and multiple frequency selections can be used for suppression of interference from other sonars.
However, the sound absorption in salt water increases with the frequency, thus giving the lower frequencies a longer detection range.
Related topics
Frequency options, page 6
AGC (Automatic Gain Control)
This control will automatically adjust the gain in the preamplifiers depending on the strength of the incoming echo signals. The strength of the filter can be selected in the menu.
Note that the AGC senses the echo strength in five fixed directions, and use this as a basis for adjusting all the receiver beams.
RCG (Reverberation Controlled Gain)
The RCG filter senses the noise level (reverberation, propeller noise, etc.), and adjusts the gain individually for each of the 64 receiver beams in order to eliminate noise on the display. The strength of the filter can be selected in the menu. With maximum strenght is selected, the RCG will effectively reduce the bottom in shallow water, while variations on the bottom will be displayed.
Note that scattered fish can be perceived as reverberation. The RCG filter must therefore be used with care if scattered schools are to be detected.
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PP Filter
The SP70 sonar is equipped with a ping-to-ping filter to give a clean and steady presentation by reducing the interference and noise. This filter compares the echoes from a selected amount of transmissions (pings), and an echo has to be present in the selected amount of pings in order to be presented on the display.
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Simrad SP70
Note that in rough seas, when the beam easily can miss the target in several pings, the PP filter must be used with care.
TVG (Time Variable Gain)
The TVG function controls the gain of the receiver so that a school with a given size and density is presented with approximately the same strength on the display, inside the regulated TVG range. This can also be seen as a filter, because it reduces the noise close to the vessel.
The regulated strength of the TVG can be selected in the menu.
Transmission
The transmitting is controlled by the signal processor in the Transceiver Unit. The parameters you have chosen are used.
There are 241 separate transmitters in the unit distributed on eight transceiver circuit boards. Each transmitter is individually addressed and controlled from the signal processor. The controlled parameters include power output and time delay for each transducer element in order to form a beam with the selected tilt angle.
When the stabilisation system is active, the tilt angle for each beam will automatically be corrected relative to the vessel’s pitch and roll movements.
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Peripheral equipment
The SP70 sonar requires connection to a speed log and a course gyro. An inaccurate log or gyro input will cause inaccurate indication of the vessel and target movements.
In addition to log and gyro, the following peripheral equipment can be connected to the sonar.
A (D)GPS may be connected to the SP70 sonar to establish
the vessels position and provide cursor and marker latitude and longitude.
Simrad echo sounders (EQ, ES and EK Series) provides a
bottom plot on the catch data page.
Simrad PI32 Net Monitoring system provides the net depth in
digits and bars on the catch data presentation.
Simrad trawl instrumentation; FS 900, FS 3300 or ITI
System description
- FS 900 and FS 3300: The trawl will be displayed in correct depth.
- ITI: The trawl will be displayed in correct size, depth, distance and bearing.
A Current meter system will indicate the current speed and
direction for up to three different depths in the sonar picture.
A radio buoy system (GPS type) will provide the
geographical position of the buoy(s) in the sonar picture.
For connection of any of this peripheral equipment, contact your local dealer.
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Simrad SP70
DISPLAY MODES
Introduction
This chapter describes the SP70 display modes. The various modes represent the graphical presentation of sonar data. Several display modes are available to present the best possible presentations as well as flexible choices for a large range of user applications.
Topics
Bow Up, page 16 North Up, page 17 True Motion, page 18
180 180 180 270 Omni / Vertical (Option), page 23 Omni / Echosounder (Option), page 24 Bow Up / Vertical, page 25 True Motion / Vertical, page 26 Dual 1, page 27 Dual 2, page 28 Fish tagging, page 29
/ Audio, page 19
/ Echosounder (Option), page 20
/ Vertical (Option), page 21
/ Vertical, page 22
Display mode selection is made on the second menu button in the main menu. The four first display modes shown can also easily be selected with the four Mode buttons on the Sonar Operating Panel.
The number of different display modes depends if the optional 90 degrees tilt function is installed.
14
Standard 60 degrees tilt: 10 display m odesOptional 90 degrees tilt: 14 display modes
In the following description the display modes only available in the optional 90 degrees tilt version are marked with “option”. For some display modes, the size of the vertical slice is reduced to 60 degrees in the standard version.
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Display modes
Note that the descriptive order of the display modes in this chapter has been chosen only to simplify the descriptions. In operational conditions, the order of the display modes depends on the selected gear (seine net, bottom trawl or pelagic trawl) This is because different initial display modes are used for easy selection by the four Mode buttons on the Sonar Operating Panel. The order of these display modes can easily be changed in the Sort Mode menu.
All the display modes in the following chapters are shown without echoes.
Related topics
Mode buttons, page 34 Sort Modes, page 78
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Simrad SP70
Bow Up
When Bow Up mode is selected, the vessel symbol is stationary on the screen with the bow pointing upwards. The echo presentation covers 360 degrees around the vessel, and all echoes are updated for every ping. The distance from the vessel symbol to the outer echo ring is equal to the selected range.
16
The movement of the echoes across the screen are controlled by a combination of the vessel’s course and speed and the target’s own movements.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 57
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North Up
Display modes
When the North Up mode is selected, true north is always up on the screen. The vessel symbol is stationary with the bow pointing in the vessle’s course direction. The movement of the echoes across the screen are controlled by a combination of the vessel’s course and speed and the target’s own movements.
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Related topics
Cosmetics, page 57
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Simrad SP70
True Motion
When the True Motion mode is selected, the picture is locked to a geographical position, where the vessel moves around the screen according to its present course and speed. All echoes are always presented in their correct position relative to the vessel, and their movements on the screen will be a true representation of the movements of the targets through the water.
18
When the vessel symbol reaches the edge of the screen, it will automatically be moved back to the centre, or to a position determined by the Off Centre button. This position is reset to the screen centre whenever the mode is changed. When you select Target Track, the target will automatically be moved to the screen centre.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 57
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180° / Audio
Display modes
When the 180° / Audio mode is selected, the upper half of the screen shows a 180 degrees bow-up presentation, while the lower part is used for a recording of the audio channel.
The audio channel is shown with a continuous white line in the horizontal picture, and it can be trained in any direction. The recorded echoes are a direct replica of the echoes under the white audio line. As the audio channel is recorded over a period of time, this mode is especially useful for detection of weak echoes mixed with reverberation or noise.
The information recorded by the audio channel is always stored in the computer, even if another mode is selected. That means that this recording will always be presented when selecting the 180° / Audio mode. Note that the vessel symbol can be moved to any position in the horizontal view with the cursor and Off Centre button.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 57
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Simrad SP70
180° / Echosounder (Option)
When the 180° / Echosounder mode is selected, the upper half of the screen shows a 180 degrees bow-up presentation, while the lower part is used for an echo sounder recording. This means that the sonar operates alternately as a normal sonar and an echo sounder for every second transmission.
20
When you select this mode, the lower half of the screen will be dark. A recording will then be built up from right towards left on the screen, and store the echogram. All the echo sounder parameters are controlled separately in the Echo sounder menu.
Related topics
Cosmetics, page 57
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