Please take notice of the notes and warnings for your safety in the preface.
Disclaimer of Liability
Although we have carefully checked the contents of this publication
for conformity with the hardware and software described, we cannot
guarantee complete conformity since errors cannot be excluded.
The
intervals and any corrections that might become necessary are
included in the next releases. Any suggestions for improvement are
welcome.
Subject to change without prior notice.
information provided in this manual is checked at regular
SICRTUs-HBSICAMAKRED-ENG_V2.07
10.2016
Siemens AG UnrestrictedOrder no.: DC2-026-2.07
2016
thout express written authority.
Preface
Purpose of this manual
This manual describes basic terms about redundancy in SICAM AK and conveys basic
knowledge about the principle functionality of redundancy:
• Redundant basic system elements (BSE)
• Redundant automation units (AU)
under the aspects of redundancy switchover, hardware redundancy and application-related
redundancy.
In addition certain default confi gurati ons are show n:
• Representation of the configurations
• Connection instructions
• Information about cable types and lengths use d
• List of modules and cables used
• Parameterization of the redundancy application
Target Group
The document you are reading right now is addressed to users, who are in charge of the
following engineering tasks:
• Conceptual activities, as for example design and configuration
• Mechanical installation
• Engineering and testing with the designated engineering tools
• Technical system maintenanc e and servi ce, mod ule han dlin g
Within this manual there are hints how to obtain information or files by means of
Support Products. If you have no access please consult your project manager at Siemens.
Online
SICAM RTUs, SICAM AK Redundancy Unrestricted
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3
Preface
Placement into the Information Landscape
Document name Item number
SICAM AK System Description MC2-021-2
SICAM AK user Manual DC2-017-2
SICAM RTUs Common Functions Peripheral Elements According to
IEC 60870-5-101/104
SICAM RTUs Common Functions System and Basic System Elements DC0-015-2
SICAM RTUs Common Functions Protocol Elements DC0-023-2
SICAM TOOLBOX II Online Help *)
CAEx plus Online Help *)
*)
available in the engineering system SICAM TOOLBOX II
Further Support
For more information, please contact our C ust omer Suppor t Cent er:
Phone: +49 (0)180 524 70 00
Fax: +49 (0)180 524 24 71
(charges depending on provider)
support.ic@siemens.com
e-mail:
DC0-011-2
The
Siemens Power Academy offers a comprehensive program of professional training events
in the fields of power generation, distribution and transmission.
Main training centers are:
2. Ensure that electricity cannot be switched on again!
3. Double check that no electrical current is flowing!
4. Discharge, ground, short circu
5. Cover or otherwise isolate components that are still electrically active!
Commissioning and operation of the equipm ent (mo dule, device) described in this manual
must be performed by qualified personnel only. As used in the safety notes contained in this
manual, qualified personnel are those persons who are authorized to commission, release,
ground, and tag devices, systems, and electrical circuits in accordance with safety standards.
Use as Prescribed
The equipment (device, module) must not be used for any other purposes than those
described in the Catalog and the Technical Description. If it is used together with third-party
devices and components, these must be recommended or approved by Siemens.
Correct and safe operation of the product requires adequate transportation, storage,
installation, and mounting as well as appropriate use and maintenance.
During operation of electrical equipment, it is unavoidable that certain parts of this equipment
will carry dangerous voltages. Severe injury or damage to property can occur if the
appropriate measures are not taken:
Preface
• Hazardous voltages can be present on all switching co mpon ents con ne cted to the pow er
supply.
• Even after the supply voltage has been disconnected, hazardous voltages can still be
present in the equipment (capacitor storage).
• The limit values indicated in the manual or the operating instructions must not be
exceeded; that also applies to testing and commissioning.
ules for the accomplishment of works at electrical plants:
-pole and on all sides!
it!
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Preface
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Open Source Software
This product contains, among other things, Open Source Software developed by third parties.
The Open Source Software used in this product and the license agreements concerning this
software can be found in the Readme_OSS. These Open Source Software files are protected
by copyright.
Your compliance with those license conditions will entitle you to use the Open Source
Software as foreseen in the relevant license. In the event of conflicts between Siemens
license conditions and the Open Source Software license conditions, the Open Source
Software conditions shall prevail with respect to the Open Source Software portions of the
software. The Open Source Software is licensed royalty-free.
Insofar as the applicable Open Source Software License Conditions provide for it you can
order the source code of the Open Source Software from your Siemens sales contact against payment of the shipping and handli ng charg es - for a period of at least 3 years since
purchase of the Product.
We are liable for this product including the Open Source Software contained in it pursuant to
the license conditions applicable to the Product. Any liability for the Open Source Software
beyond the program flow intended for this product is explicitly excluded. Furthermore any
liability for defects resulting from modifications to the Open Source Software by you or third
parties is excluded. We do not provide any technical support for this Product if it has been
modified.
SICAM RTUs, SICAM AK Redundancy Unrestricted
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7
Open Source Software
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Table of Contents
1 Redundancy via SCA-RS .................................................................................................13
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Redundancy via SCA-RS
1.1 Overview
1.1.1 Redundancy
With redundancy one part of the system is used for the operation (active), while the other
system part is on standby.
For simple redundancy applications the processing elements are designed redundant,
whereby one is active and the other is passive (Standby). With a failure of the active
processing element a switchover to the standby can take place without any operational
interruption, refer also to section
can be realized simply and inexpensively).
With redundant communication routes, both communication interfaces can be used at the
same time for the purpose of load sharing. If one communication link fails, all data are sent
over the communication link still available. In this case one speaks of functional redundancy.
Here, this concerns communication redundancy between two identical single point protocol
elements (PRE). These must sit on the same protocol module (in other words PRE0 with
PRE1 or PRE2 with PRE3). The data are sent and received over one or the other protocol
element. In the error free state the distribution can take place either fixed (data split m ode) or
according to load (load share mode)
1.1.2, Synchronization (this way redundant automation tasks
For redundant Front-Ends the switchover can take place separately for each communication
interface. This increases the availability, especially with redundant communication routes to
the RTU.
If automation units (AU) are designed redundant, a permanent comparison of the open/closed
loop user programs can also be carried out with the help of a vendor module in the CAEx plus
application (application-related redundancy)
Based on the system information received, a voter decides which system part is active, when
this is deactivated (switched passive) and when it activates the passive system part. The voter
therefore performs the switchover from one system part to the other, refer to section
Voting.
For SICAM AK there are mainly two distinct types of redundancy:
• CPU Redundancy
Always means the presence of one or multiple CPU pairs (including SSE and PE) within
one AU
• AU Redundancy
Always means the presence of one AU pair with the same functionality.
This type of redundancy refers to two AUs.
In the case of CPU redundancy, up to 5 redundant processing elements can be configured in
one SICAM AK. Since the power supply can also be designed redundant, an availability is
achieved close to that with two separate automation units.
1.1.3,
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Redundancy via SCA-RS
In the case of AU redundancy one differentiates between two types of switchover:
• Global redundancy switchover
(automatic voting by SCA-RS or application-related voting)
The entire AU is either in the redundancy state active or passive.
• Line-by-line redundancy switchover
(automatic voting by SCA-RS or application-related voting)
Only certain elements of an AU are switched to the passive state. In an AU some
elements can be active, others passive.
Prerequisites of Redundancy
Each of the two elements of the redundancy pair is already configured separately.
All redundant elements must have the same HW-FW configuration and be loaded with the
same FW version and the same parameters (state).
In certain redundancy configurations after startup messages i n contr ol dire cti on (commands,
setpoint values,…) will be transmitted only to the active component /CPU be cau se only the
active component has replied to the gene ral interrogation and thus, the distribution criteria
(CASDU) has been learned.
If you want to have a transmission also to the passive components/CPUs, the following
solutions are available:
• selective data flow
• data flow filter
in the topology just enter "both directions" as data flow direction for a com mun icat ion
interface, then „activation“ will be also sen t without learn ed CASDU.
1.1.2 Synchronization
For the synchronization one can distinguish between two cases:
• Synchronization via HSL
The High Speed Link (HSL) is used for the synchronization of the redundant elements for
both types of redundancy (CPU redundancy and AU redundancy).
The interface is monitored by means of periodical monitoring messages. These monitoring
messages are generated and monitored by the system elements or automation units at
both sides of the interface.
• Synchronization via external communi cat ion
Here the monitoring time is dependent on the protocol. The system-technical parameter
Redundancy | Synchr onizat ion para meters | Red_Sync monitoring timeout
is used for monitoring the redundancy-synchronization interface and defines a time period,
withi n which a corresponding monitoring message is generated in case an error has
occurred (monitoring timeout for the interface). This means, if no communication takes
place within this parameterized time, the failure is detected. The value is to be set
according to the protoc ol used.
The control of the passive C-CPU is always timed by the active one, so that the function
diagram (FUD) runs simultaneously. Consequently the passive CPU has the same data as
the active CPU: the input data in the FUD on the active and passiv e are ident ical,
consequently the output data also have the same values.
A comparison (or a synchronization or an update) takes place in 2 cases:
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Redundancy via SCA-RS
• An update is requested by the user via the FUD
• An update is carried out automatically for the fol lowing changes of state:
─ Going inconsistency of the control parameter
─ Going inconsistency of the Ax-PE parameter
─ Going redundancy synchronizing link failure (if FUDs are consistent)
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During an update the following parts of the control are transmitted to the passive CPU:
• Instance data of all program instances
• Instance data of all global variable objects
• Signal process image (excl. system data points)
• Status process image of the signals
What is synchronized?
• CAEx plus program
• Singular Ax PE
1.1.2.1 CAEx plus Program
The start of every single task of the CAEx plus application, which runs on both CPUs, is
synchronized over the HSL.
Redundancy via SCA-RS
The exchange of multiple data points between the two CPUs, on which the CAEx plus
application is running, is performed by means of CAEx plus modules, refer to section 1.6.3,
Redundancy Control with CAEx plus.
Another kind of synchronization takes place by copying the process image of the CAEx plus
application from the active CPU to the passive CPU. This synchronization is carried out after
the startup or by the user.
The tasks are stopped during this calibration.
Please note, that redundant CAEx plus applications require longer cycle times than one single
application.
1.1.2.2 Singular Ax PE
The connection of one PE to two redundant BSEs is called singular PEs.
The active BSE communicates with the PE. The passive BSE receives information via HSL.
Redundant BSEs are located either inside one AU (CPU-redundancy) or in separate AUs
(=AU-redundancy).
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Redundancy via SCA-RS
Example for CPU-Redundancy:
FUD is running, for instance, on both C-CPUs of the AU. Synchronization mode is HSL with singular Ax-PEs.
Example for AE-redundancy with singular AX-PE-Bus.
Periodical data points from the PEs are detected automatically over the HSL and used by the
passive CPU.
Spontaneous data points are copied from the active CPU to the passive CPU.
If the communication between the passive BSE and the PE is interrupted, no further periodical
data points are updated on this BSE.
Spontaneous data points are flagged as NT (not topical) and also not updated.
Following restoration of the communication the periodical data points are updated
immediately.
If the FUD has been changed during the communication failure between the passive BSE and
the PE, the status of the CAEx plus application is not identic a l on both BSE s.
The synchronization of the spontaneous data points must take place by copying the process
image, see parameter Red_Sync Org_Abb, in section 1.4,
Parameter Setting of the CP-
2017/PCCX25.
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1.1.3 Voting
1.1.3.1 Automatic Voting
The voting process is bas ed on the definition of priorities in the redundancy table (see also the
description of the priority levels in sections
• CPU Redundancy
The voting between both BSEs is performed automatically by the M-CPU (automatic
voting with CPU redundancy).
• AU Redundancy
The voting between both AUs is performed automatically by the SCA-RS, regardless of
the type of switchover (gl oba l and line-by-line redundancy switchover)
1.1.3.2 Application-Related Voting
Redundancy via SCA-RS
1.2.3.2 ff.) and applies for
The voting process is usually performed by an external application based on user data
messages received (more precisely: redundancy status information control messages) (see
also section
the voter thereby also makes use of the error messages of the sum and detail diagnostic, in
order to generate its own redundancy control messages for the switchover.
This way the behavior of the external application can be defined with any level of flexibility.
The voting process is therefore not based on the definition of priorities.
1.6, Redundancy Messages). However, the voting is primarily application-related,
1.1.4 Redundancy Switchover
For AU redundancy there are 2 switchover possibilities:
• Global redundancy switchover
(automatic voting by SCA-RS; application-related voting)
The entire AU is either in the redundancy state active or passive.
• Line-by-line redundancy switchover
(automatic voting by SCA-RS; application-related voting)
Only defined elements of an AU are switched to the passive state. Within an AU, some
elements can be active, others passive.
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1.1.5 Overview of Redundancy Modes
Below the various redundancy modes are explained with the help of rough schematic
representations. Please note, that the representations are merely examples.
Example for CPU redundancy:
CPU redundancy with the predefined redundancy pair C-CPU 4 and 5 with fixed installed
HSL, the FUD runs for instance on both C-CPUs. The voting between both BSEs is performed
automatically by the M-CPU. The overview of a total system realized with CPU redundancy
can be found in section 1.2.1.3,
Connected.
Example for AU redundancy with SCA-RS:
SICAM AK - SICAM TM PE, Electrically and Optically
Global redundancy switchover: all SEs of an AU are switched active/passive.
Line-by-line redundancy switchover: the SEs of an AU are switched active/passive selectively.
Please note the distances between the AUs and SCA-RS, see detailed hardware
configurations in sections
1.3.1.1 ff.
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Redundancy via SCA-RS
Example for AU redundancy with SCA-RS with application-related voting:
Global redundancy switchover: all SEs of an AU are switched active/passive.
Line-by-line redundancy switchover: the SEs of an AU are switched active/passive selectively.
The FUD runs for instance on both C-CPUs of the two AUs. The synchronization mode is High Speed Link (HSL), if CAEx plus is used on both redundancy BSEs.
1.1.6 Overview of Synchronization Modes
Please note, that the representations are merely examples.
The 3 modes defined apply both for CPU as well as AU redundancy.
Example for AU redundancy:
The FUD runs for instance on both C-CPUs of the two AUs. The synchronization mode is High Speed Link (HSL): if CAEx plus is used on both redundancy BSEs.
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Example for CPU redundancy:
The FUD runs for instance on both C-CPUs of the AU. The synchronization mode is HSL with singular Ax-PEs (here an example for CPU redundancy).
A detailed system overview can be found in section
1.2.1.1, SICAM AK - SICAM AK PE,
electrically connected.
Example for AU redundancy:
The synchronization mode i s Sync. via communication, if CAEx plus is used on both
redundancy BSEs.
If the distance between both AUs is more than 200 m, in all cases the redundancy
synchronization must take place over a separate fast data connection. In this case no singular
Ax-PEs are permitted.
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Redundancy via SCA-RS
1.2 CPU-Redundancy (Redundant Basi c System Elements)
The voting between both BSEs (between the redundant CPU pairs) is performed automatically
by the M-CPU (automatic voting with CPU redundancy).
You define the criteria for a voter switchover in the Redundancy Table (see also the
description of the Priority Levels in sections
Connection between both BSEs over HSL
The High Speed Link (HSL) is used for the synchronization of both redundant BSEs
(C-CPUs).
For CPU redundancy the HSL-connections are installed permanently at the back of the
mounting rack corresponding to the predefined CPU pairs.
Predefined BSE pairs 1/2, 4/5, 7/8, in the mounting rack for 9 slots (CM-2834).
Predefined BSE pairs 1/2, 4/5, 7/8, 10/11, 13/14 in the mounting rack for 17 slots (CM-2836).
1.2.3.2 ff.).
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Redundancy via SCA-RS
Ax 1703 peripheral bus (electrical)
16 Mbps
patch-cable, length up to 3 m
1.2.1.1 SICAM AK - SICAM AK PE, electrically connected
Base unit SICAM AK to peripheral elements SICAM AK PE, electrically connected.
• To one basic system element
CP-2017/PCCX25 one bus line with max.
16 peripheral elements can be connected
• The slots for the redundant BSE-pairs are
predefined, in fact: 1+2, 4+5, 7+8, (10+11,
13+14 only in 17 slots mounting rack), (green:
representation in the picture)
• Redundant BSEs have to have identical
configuration and identical functionality
• Depending on the slots of the basic system
elements the socket connectors for the
electrical Ax peripheral bus have to be
selected (for example: slots C4 and C5
socket connectors AXPE-C4 and AXPE-C5)
• If peri pheral elements are equi pped in the
base unit SICAM AK then those can be
driven either by the singular BSE CP-2014
or by the redundant BSEs CP-2017
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Necessary modules and cables
element
T41-252 (3m) / 6MF13040BC520AA0
Redundancy via SCA-RS
Base unit SICAM AK
Cable
Peripheral elements
SICAM AK
Designation Item Number / MLFB
CP-2017/PCCX25 Processing and communication
Patch cable Cat.5 (4x2) AWG26/7
CM-2833 SICAM AK board rack extension GC2-833 / 6MF11130CJ330AA0
1.2.1.2 SICAM AK - SICAM TM PE, Electrically Connected
Base unit SICAM AK to peripheral elements SICAM TM, electrically connected.
• To one basic system element
CP-2017/PCCX25 one bus line with max.
16 peripheral elements can be connected
• The slots for the redundant BSE-pairs are
predefined, in fact: 1+2, 4+5, 7+8, (10+11,
13+14 only in 17 slots mounting rack)
• Redundant BSEs have to have identical
configuration and identical functionality
• I f peri pheral elements are equi pped in the
base unit SICAM AK then those can be driven
either by the singular BSE CP-2014 or by the
redundant BSEs CP-2017
• Depending on the slots of the basic system
• The bus interf ace modules CM-0843 are
elements the socket connectors for the
electrical Ax peripheral bus have to be
selected (for example: slots C4 and C5
socket connectors AXPE-C4 and AXPE-C5)
supplied by the power supplies PS-663x.
The power consumption of the CM-0843
(see technical data in data sheet) has to be
considered on the PS-663x
1.2.1.3 SICAM AK - SICAM TM PE, Electrically and Optically Connected
Base unit SICAM AK to peripheral elements SICAM TM, electrically and optically connec ted.
• To one basic system element
CP-2017/PCCX25 one bus line with max.
16 peripheral elements can be connected
• The slots for the redundant BSE-pairs are
predefined, in fact: 1+2, 4+5, 7+8, (10+11,
13+14 only in 17 slots mounting rack)
• Depending on t he sl ots of the basic system
elements the socket connectors for the
electrical Ax peripheral bus have to be
selected (for example: slots C4 and C5
socket connectors AXPE-C4 and AXPE-C5)
• The bus interface modules CM-0843 are
supplied by the power supplies PS-663x. The
power consumption of the CM-0843 (see
technical data in data sheet) has to be
considered on the PS-663x
• In configurations with optical remote
SICAM TM PEs 1000 µm-fibre cables
cannot be used!
• Redundant BSEs have to have identical
configuration and identical functionality
• Each bus interface module CM-0842 has to
be supplied separately. (18 VDC...78 VDC)
• Configuration switch CM-0842
1 ....... F1/F2 ....... ON ...... 16 MBit
2 ....... LINE2 ....... OFF ..... PE(O)
3 ....... AS2 .......... OFF ..... 0
4 ....... AS1 .......... OFF ..... 0
5 ....... AS0 .......... OFF ..... 0
6 ....... RED ......... ON ...... BSE
7 ....... LAD .......... OFF ..... inactive
8 ....... LINE1 ....... ON ...... 1:1
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Necessary modules and cables
Patch cable Cat.5 (4x2) AWG26/7
T41-255 (1m) / 6MF13040BC550AA0
CM-0843 Ax 1703-bus interface electrical
GA0-843 / 6MF11110AJ430AA0
TC6-201 (1,5m) /
TC6-203 (3m) / 6MF13130GC030AA0
FO-INDOORCABLE-200-DUP-BREAK-ROUND
TF7-035
FO-OUTDOORCABLE-200-2FIB-ARM
(only for outdoorcableTF7-036)
TF7-036
PE-6411 peripheral coupling Ax-bus 1x optical
GC6-411 / 6MF11130GE110AA0
Redundancy via SCA-RS
Base unit
SICAM AK
Cable
Bus interface
modules
electrical
optical
Cable
electrical
Cable
optical
Peripheral
elements
SICAM TM
electrical
optical
Designation Item Number / MLFB
CP-2017/PCCX25 Processing and communication
element
Base unit SICAM AK to peripheral elements SICAM TM, optically connected, redundant bas i c
system elements and redundant Ax-PE-Bus.
• To one basic system element
CP-2017/PCCX25 one bus line with max.
16 peripheral elements can be connected
• The slots for the redundant BSE-pairs are
predefined, in fact: 1+2, 4+5, 7+8, (10+11,
13+14 only in 17 slots mounting rack)
• Depending on t he sl ots of the basic system
elements the socket connectors for the
electrical Ax peripheral bus have to be
selected (for example: slots C1 and C2
socket connectors AXPE-C1 and AXPE-C2)
• I n conf i gurat i ons with optic al remote
SICAM TM PEs 1000 µm-fibre cables cannot
be used!
• Redundant BSEs have to have identical
• Att ention: B reak of an FO-connection leads
to a failure of the peripheral elements
PE-6412 until the redundant basic system
element duly assumes the function
During this time connection to the peripheral
elements PE-6412 does not exist
• Configuration switch CM-0842
1 ....... F1/F2 ....... ON ...... 16 MBit
2 ....... LINE2 ....... OFF ..... PE(O)
3 ....... AS2 .......... OFF ..... 0
4 ....... AS1 .......... OFF ..... 0
5 ....... AS0 .......... OFF ..... 0
6 ....... RED ......... OFF ..... CM-0842
7 ....... LAD .......... OFF ..... inactive
8 ....... LINE1 ....... ON ...... PE
configuration and identical functionality
• Each bus interface module CM-0842 has to be
supplied separately (18 VDC...78 VDC)
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