Sharp V-R User Manual

SCIENTIFIC

CALCULATOR

OPERATION GUIDE

C O N TENTS

HOW TO OPERATE

Read Before Using

Key layout/Reset switch 2

Display pattern

Display format 3

Exponent display 4

Angular unit 5

Function and Key Operation

O N /O FF, entry correction keys 6

Data entry keys 7

Random key

Modify key

Basic arithmetic keys, parentheses 10

Percent 11

Inverse, square, xth power of y, square root, cube root, xth root of y 12

10 to the power of x, common logarithm 13

e to the power of x, natural logarithm 14

Factorials 15

Permutations, combinations 16

8 9

Time calculation 17

Fractional calculations 18

Memor y calculations 19

Last answer memory 20

Trigonometric functions 21

Arc trigonometric functions 22

Hyperbolic functions 23

C oordinate conversion 24

STATISTICS FUNCTION

Data input and erase

“AN S” keys for 1-variable statistics

“AN S” keys for 2-variable statistics

H ow to O pe ra te

≈Read B efore Using≈

This operation guide has been written based on the EL-531V, EL-509V, EL-531VH, and EL-509VH models. Some functions described here are not featured on other models. In addition, key operations and symbols on the display may differ according to the model.

1 . K E Y L AY O U T

2nd function key

Pressing this key will enable the functions written in yellow above the calculator buttons.

ON/C, OFF key

D irect function

Mode key

This calculator can operate in three different modes as follows.

[Normal mode]

[STAT-1 mode]

2nd function

W ritten in yellow above the O N/C key

•Mode = 0; normal mode for performing nor mal arithmetic and function calculations.

•Mode = 1; STAT- 1 mode for performing 1-variable statistical calculations.

2 . R E S E T S W I T C H

If the calculator fails to operate normally, press the reset switch on the back to reinitialise the unit. The display format and calculation mode will return to their initial settings.

N O T E : Pressing the reset switch will erase any data stored in memor y.

RESET

[STAT-2 mode]

Reset switch

•Mode = 2; STAT-2 mode for performing 2-variable statistical calculations.

RESET

3 . DI S P L AY P AT T E R N

DEG

DEGFIX

DEG

The actual display does not appear like this. This illustration is for explanatory purposes only.

4 . DI S P L AY F O R M AT A N D D E C I M A L S E T T I N G F U N C T I O N

For convenient and easy operation, this model can be used in one of four display modes. The selected display status is shown in the upper part of the display (Format Indicator). N ote: If more 0’s (zeros) than needed are displayed when the O N /C key is pressed, check whether or not the calculator is set to a Special D isplay Format.

• Floating decimal point format (no symbol is displayed) Valid values beyond the maximum range are displayed in the form of a [10-digit (mantissa) + 2-digit (exponent)]

• Fixed decimal point format (FIX is displayed) Displays the fractional part of the calculation result according to the specified number of decimal places.

• Scientific notation (SCI is displayed) Frequently used in science to handle extremely small or large numbers.

• Engineering scientific notation (ENG is displayed) C onvenient for converting between different units.

Let’s compare the display result of [10000 ÷ 8.1 =] in each display format.

Initial display

(specifies normal mode)

10000 8.1

(normal mode)

(FIX mode TAB = 3)

DEG

(SC I mode)

SCI DEG

X10

ENG DEG

X10

DEG

X10

DEG

X10

(EN G mode)

(normal mode)

5 . E X P O N E N T D I S P L AY

The distance from the earth to the sun is approx. 150,000,000 (1.5 x 108) km. Values such as this with many zeros are often used in scientific calculations, but entering the zeros one by one is a great deal of work and it’s easy to make mistakes. In such a case, the numerical values are divided into mantissa and exponent portions, displayed and calculated.

0.32

W hat is the number of electronics flowing in a conductor when the electrical charge across a given cross-section is 0.32 coulombs. (T he charge on a single electron = 1.6 x 10

-19

coulombs).

191.6

6 . A N G U L A R U N I T

DEG

RAD

GRAD

DEG

Angular values are converted from D EG to RAD to G RAD with each push of the DRG key. This function is used when doing calculations related to trigonometric functions or coordinate geometry conversions.

D egrees ( D E G is shown at the top of the display)

A commonly used unit of measure for angles. The angular measure of a circle is expressed as 360°.

R adians (R A D is shown at the top of the display)

Radians are different than degrees and express angles based on the circumference of a circle. 180° is equivalent to radians. T herefore, the angular measure of a circle is 2 radians.

G r ads (G R A D is shown at the top of the display)

Grads are a unit of angular measure used in Europe, particularly in France. An angle of 90 degrees is equivalent to 100 grads.

The relationships between the three types of angular units can be expressed as right:

90° (DEG) =

/2 (RAD) =

100 (GRAD) =

O per ation

(in D EG mode)

C heck to confirm 90 degrees equaling /2 radians equaling 100 grads. ( =3.14159...)

Angular indicator

D isplay

••• •••••

( /2)

≈F unction and K ey Operation≈

ON/OFF, Entry Correction Keys

Turns the calculator on or clears the data. It also clears the contents of the calculator display and voids any calculator command; however, coefficients in 3-variable linear equations and statistics, as well as values stored in the independent memory in normal mode, are not erased.

Turns the calculator off.

C lears all internal values, including coefficients in 3-variable linear equations and statistics. Values stored in memory in normal mode are not erased.

These arrow keys are useful for Multi-Line playback, which lets you scroll through calculation steps one by one. (refer to page 8)

These keys are useful for editing equations. The key moves the cursor to the left, and the key moves the cursor to the right. The key deletes the symbol/number at the cursor. (refer to page 8)

Data Entry Keys

DEG

X10

0 to 9

N umeric keys for entering data values.

Decimal point key. Enters a decimal point.

Enters minus symbol or sign change key.

C hanges positive numbers to negative and negative numbers to positive.

Pressing π automatically enters the value for π (3.14159...).

The constant π, used frequently in function calculations, is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

Pressing this key switches to scientific notation data entr y.

Provided the earth is moving around the sun in a circular orbit, how many kilometers will it travel in a year?

* The average distance between the earth and the sun being

1.496 x 10

C ircumference equals diameter x π; therefore,

1.496 x 10

O per ation D isplay

496

km.

x 2 x π

Random

Generates random numbers.

Random numbers are three-decimal-place values between 0.000 and 0.999. Using this function enables the user to obtain unbiased sampling data derived from random values generated by the calculator.

A PP L IC AT I O N S: Building sample sets for statistics or research.

0. * * * (a random number has been genera ted)

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