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Disclaimer Of Liability
We have checked the contents of this manual against the hardware and software described. However, deviations from the description cannot
be completely ruled out.
RuggedCom shall not be liable for any errors or omissions contained herein or for consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this material.
The information given in this document is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections will be included in subsequent editions. We appreciate
any suggested improvements. We reserve the right to make technical improvements without notice.
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are registered trademarks of RuggedCom Inc. Other designations in this manual might be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own
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Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference
Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This
equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which
case the user will be required to correct the interference on his own expense.
Caution: LASER
This product contains a laser system and is classified as a CLASS 1 LASER
PRODUCT. Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than
those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.
Caution: Service
This product contains no user-serviceable parts. Attempted service by unauthorized
personnel shall render all warranties null and void.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by RuggedCom Inc. could invalidate
specifications, test results, and agency approvals, and void the user's authority to
operate the equipment.
Should this device require service, please refer to Chapter 7, Warranty in this guide.
Caution: Physical Access
This product should be installed in a restricted access location where access can only
be gained by service personnel or users who have been instructed about the reasons
for the restrictions applied to the location and about any precautions that shall be taken;
and access is through the use of a tool or lock and key, or other means of security,
and is controlled by the authority responsible for the location.
The RuggedSwitch® RSG2288 is a rugged, fully managed, modular Ethernet switch specifically
designed to operate reliably in electrically harsh and climatically demanding utility substation,
railway and industrial environments. The RSG2288 includes the IEEE 1588 v2 protocol with
hardware time stamping, allowing high precision time synchronization over the Ethernet network
with accuracies of 1µs or better. The RSG2288’s superior rugged hardware design coupled
with the embedded Rugged Operating System (ROS™) provides improved system reliability and
advanced cyber security and networking features, making it ideally suited for creating Ethernet
networks for mission-critical, real-time, control applications.
The RSG2288’s modular flexibility offers 100/1000BaseX fiber and 10/100/1000BaseTX copper
port combinations. Support for front or rear mount connectors coupled with support for multiple
fiber connector types (SFP, GBIC, LC, SC) without loss of port density makes the RSG2288 highly
versatile and suitable for any application. The RSG2288 is packaged in a rugged, galvanized steel
enclosure with industrial grade DIN, panel, or 19" rack-mount mounting options.
1.2. Feature Highlights
Ethernet Ports
• Up to 9-Gigabit Ethernet ports supporting copper and fiber media
• Up to 9 100FX Fiber Fast Ethernet ports
• 2 port modules for tremendous flexibility
• Fiber types supported include multimode, singlemode, and bidirectional single strand
• Full compliance with IEEE: 802.3, 802.3u & 802.3z
• Non-blocking, store and forward switching
• Full duplex operation and flow control (IEEE 802.3x)
• Industry standard fiber optic connectors: LC, SC, SFP, GBIC
• Long haul optics allow Gigabit distances up to 70km
Advanced Time Synchronization
• Support for IEEE 1588 v2, GPS, and IRIG-B time synchronization
• Hardware time stamping on all ports including Gigabit
• Transparent clock operation for high precision on switched networks (1us or better)
• Peer-to-peer path delay measurements
• High precision TCXO (Temperature Compensated Oscillator)
• Supports master, slave and transparent clock modes
• Port configuration, status, statistics, mirroring, security
• SNTP time synchronization (both client and server)
• Industrial automation features (e.g. Modbus)
Rugged Operating System (ROS™) Management Features
• Secure Web-based, management interfaces
• Menu and Command Line based management interfaces via serial port, SSH and Telnet
• Remote command execution via RSH
• SNMP v1, v2c, and v3
• RMON (Remote MONitoring)
• Rich set of diagnostics with logging and alarms
1.3. Display Panel Description
RS2000 series products are equipped with a versatile display panel, shown in the following figure,
which provides real-time status information for each port and for the chassis as a whole, to allow
simple diagnostics and troubleshooting. It features:
• RS232 console port for ‘out of band’ console access and configuration
• Power supply and Alarm status indicators
• Convenient port status indicators conveying Link/Activity, Duplex, or Speed via the Mode pushbutton (toggles between the three display modes)
• System reset via the Mode push-button (if held for 5 seconds)
The device status LEDs provide a quick visual indication of the operational status of the unit. The
following table lists the possible LED colors and their corresponding descriptions.
LEDColorDescription
Power 1 / Power 2
Alarm
Table 1.1. LED Display – Device status LED behavior definition
GreenPower supply operating normally
RedPower supply failure
OffNo power supply installed
RedAn alarm condition exists – log in to the web management
interface or to the CLI to determine the alarm code
OffNo alarms exist
The port LEDs operate in three display modes: Status, Duplex, and Speed. To set the display
mode, push the Mode button.
ModeColorDescription
Status
Duplex
Speed
Table 1.2. Port Status LED behavior definition
Green (Solid)Link detected
Green (Blinking)Activity
OffNo link
Green (Solid)Full-Duplex operation
Orange (Solid)Half-Duplex operation
OffNo link
Green (Blinking)1000Mb/s
Green (Solid)100Mb/s
Orange (Solid)10Mb/s
OffNo link
The Ethernet connector panel of the RSG2288 is organized into six slots, five of which are modular
and may be selected at the time the unit is ordered. The figure below shows the physical layout
of these ports.
Figure 2.1. RSG2288 Ethernet Port Layout
Slots 1, 2, 3 and 4 support two-port Ethernet modules up to 1Gbps. Slot 5 supports a one-port
module up to 1Gbps. Slot 6 contains the PTP Source Card (see Section 3.3, “Precision Time
Protocol (PTP) Card and IEEE1588 v2” for details) to support advanced time synchronization.
Each Ethernet module is equipped with an LED per port that indicates link/activity status
information. The LED is solid for ports with a valid link, and blinks for activity. Figure 2.2, “Ethernet
Panel LEDs” shows a copper port module in slot 1 and a fiber module in slot 2, along with the
RSG2000 series products are designed for maximum mounting and display flexibility. Customers
can order an RSG2000 series switch that can be mounted in a standard 19" rack, 1" DIN Rail,
or directly onto a panel.
3.1.1. Rack Mounting
For rack mount installations, the RSG2000 series can be ordered with connectors on the front
panel or on the rear of the chassis. Placing the connectors on the rear allows all data and power
cabling to be installed and connected at the rear of the rack. See the front and rear rack mount
chassis orientation options below for examples of rack mount orientation.
Figure 3.1. RSG2288 Rack Mount Chassis Orientation: Front Mount
Figure 3.2. RSG2288 Rack Mount Chassis Orientation: Rear Mount
The RSG2000 family of products can be rack mounted using the included rack mount adapters.
Secure the rack mount adapter to the front side of the chassis using the included black PAN head
Phillips screws in the positions shown in Figure 3.3, “Rack Mount Adapter Mounting Locations”.
The entire chassis can then be mounted to a standard 19" rack. Two additional rack mount
adapters are included to optionally secure the rear of the chassis in high-vibration or seismically
active locations.
Since heat within the RSG2288 is channeled to the enclosure, it is recommended that
1 rack-unit of space (1.75") be kept unpopulated and free of equipment above each
RS2000 series product to allow for a small amount of convectional airflow. Although
forced airflow is not necessary, any increase in airflow will result in a reduction
of ambient temperature that will improve the long-term reliability of all equipment
mounted within the rack space.
3.1.2. Panel and DIN Rail Mounting
RS2000 series products can be ordered as panel/DIN mount chassis. Both options involve the
use of the panel/DIN adapters to be mounted on each side of the chassis enclosure. The adapter
allows for the chassis to be mounted on a standard 1" DIN rail using the grooves in the adapter,
and secured using the included Phillips screw. See Figure 3.4, “Panel / DIN Rail Mounting Diagram
(Connectors at Top)” and Figure 3.5, “Panel / DIN Rail Mounting Diagram (Connectors at Bottom)”
Figure 3.5. Panel / DIN Rail Mounting Diagram (Connectors at Bottom)
3.2. Fiber Optic Transceiver Orientation and Connection
Depending on the order code of the product, the RS2000 series products can be equipped with
several different types of fiber optic ports. The Transmit (TX) and Receive (RX) connections
of each port must be properly connected and matched for proper link and operation. Modules
populated on the top row of the device typically have locking mechanisms or tabs facing the top
of the unit. Modules located on the bottom row of the device have locking mechanisms or tabs
facing the bottom of the unit.
The diagrams in this section depict each fiber connector style supported by the RuggedSwitch® in
order to provide a reference for the proper orientation of cable connections. A front view (looking
into the connector) and a top view of the connector module are shown for each one. Note that if
modules are populated on the bottom row of the device, the transceiver orientation will be inverted
relative to the diagram (i.e. RX and TX will be reversed).
3.2.1. Pluggable Fiber Transceiver Modules
The following figures show front and top views of the pluggable fiber transceiver modules
supported by RuggedSwitch®. Note that when the module is installed in the unit, most of the body
of the module as shown in top views below will not be visible.
The following figures show front and top views of the fixed fiber transceiver modules supported
by RuggedSwitch®. Note that when the module daughter card is installed in the unit, most of the
connector body as shown in the illustrations is not visible.
The connections for PS1, PS2 and the fail-safe relay are located on the terminal block as shown
in Figure 3.12, “RS2000 Series Phillips Screw Terminal Block” and Figure 3.13, “RS2000 Series
Phoenix Plug Terminal Block”.
The RSG2288 can be equipped with either a Phillips Screw Terminal Block or a Phoenix Pluggable
Terminal Block. The Phillips Screw Terminal Block has Phillips screws with compression plates,
allowing either bare wire connections or crimped terminal lugs. We recommend the use of #6 size
ring lugs to ensure secure, reliable connections under severe shock or vibration. Both terminal
blocks have a safety cover which must be removed via two Phillips screws before connecting
any wires. The safety cover must be re-attached after wiring to ensure personnel safety. Refer
to Table 3.1, “RSG2288 Power Terminal Block Connection Description” for a description of each
terminal. Refer to Section 3.2.3.1, “AC Power Supply Wiring Examples ”, Section 3.2.3.2, “DC
Power Supply Wiring Examples ” and Section 3.2.3.3, “AC and DC Power Supply Wiring Example
” for power supply wiring examples.
Figure 3.12. RS2000 Series Phillips Screw Terminal Block
Figure 3.13. RS2000 Series Phoenix Plug Terminal Block
The RSG2288 chassis ground connection, shown in Figure 3.14, “Chassis Ground Connection”,
uses a #6-32 screw. It is recommended to terminate the ground connection in a #6 ring lug, and
to use a torque setting not exceeding 15 in•lbs (1.7 Nm).
or to the (Live) terminal if the power source is AC.
terminal block. Surge Ground is used as the ground conductor for all surge and
transient suppression circuitry. NOTE: Surge Ground must be disconnected from
Chassis Ground during HIPOT (dielectric strength) testing.
DC or to the (Neutral) terminal if the power source is AC.
equipment ground bus for DC inputs. Chassis ground connects to both power
supply surge grounds via a removable jumper.
or to the (Live) terminal if the power source is AC.
terminal block. Surge Ground is used as the ground conductor for all surge and
transient suppression circuitry. NOTE: Surge Ground must be disconnected from
Chassis Ground during HIPOT (dielectric strength) testing.
DC or to the (Neutral) terminal if the power source is AC.
Table 3.1. RSG2288 Power Terminal Block Connection Description
• A circuit breaker is not required for 12-24 or 48 VDC rated power supplies.
• For dual DC power supplies, separate circuit breakers must be installed and
separately identified.
• Equipment must be installed according to the applicable country wiring codes.
3.2.3.3. AC and DC Power Supply Wiring Example
Figure 3.19. DC and AC Power Supply Wiring Example
• 125/250VDC rated equipment: A 300VDC appropriately rated circuit breaker must
be installed.
• 100-240VAC rated equipment: A 250VAC appropriately rated circuit breaker must
be installed.
• A circuit breaker is not required for 12-24 or 48VDC rated power supplies.
• Separate circuit breakers must be installed and separately identified.
• Equipment must be installed according to the applicable country wiring codes.
3.2.4. Dielectric Strength (HIPOT) Testing
For dielectric strength (HIPOT) testing in the field, users must remove the metal jumper located
across terminals 2, 4, and 6 of the power supply terminal block. This metal jumper connects
transient suppression circuitry to chassis ground and must be removed in order to avoid damage
to transient suppression circuitry during HIPOT testing. The figure below shows the proper HIPOT
test connections and should be followed to avoid damage to the device.
3.2.5. Failsafe Alarm Relay Wiring and Specifications
The “Failsafe” output relay is provided to signal critical error conditions that may occur on RS2000
series products. The contacts are energized upon power-up of the unit and remain energized
unless a critical error occurs. The proper relay connections are shown in the figure below. Control
of this output is user selectable and can be programmed via the Rugged Operating System (ROS).
One common application for this output is to signal an alarm if a power failure or removal of control
power occurs.
Figure 3.21. Failsafe Alarm Relay Wiring
3.2.6. Console Port Wiring
An RS232 console port for configuration and management of the device is located on the LED
display module shown in Figure 3.22, “Console Port on Display Board”. This port is intended to
be a temporary connection during initial configuration or troubleshooting and allows direct serial
access to the management console. The connection is made using the DB9-Female to RJ45
console cable included in the device packaging shown in Figure 3.23, “RS2000 Series Console
Cable”. Console connection settings are: 57600 bps, no parity bits, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit.
DCD – Carrier detect12
RxD – Receive data (to DTE)25
TxD – Transmit data (from DTE)36
DTR – Data terminal ready43
GND - Signal ground54
DSR – Data set ready61*
RTS – Ready to send78
CTS – Clear to send87
RI – Ring Indicator91*
Table 3.2. RS232 Over RJ45 Console Cable Pin-out
Figure 3.22. Console Port on Display Board
Figure 3.23. RS2000 Series Console Cable
After initial configuration, the RSG2288 can be configured via a number of networked mechanisms
such as Telnet SSH, and the built-in secure web server. Consult the ROS™ User Guide for further
details.
• This port is not intended to be a permanent connection.
• Serial cable must not exceed 2m (6.5 ft) in length.
3.2.7. Ethernet Ports
3.2.7.1. RJ45 Twisted-Pair Data Ports
RS2000 series Ethernet switches are equipped with up to nine 10/100/1000BaseTX ports
that allow connection to standard CAT-5 UTP cable with RJ45 male connectors. All RS2000
series RJ45 RuggedSwitch® products feature auto-negotiation, auto-polarity, and auto-crossover
functions. The RJ45 receptacles can also accept and take advantage of screened (commonly
known as “shielded”) cabling. The figure below shows the RJ45 port pins configuration.
The IEEE 802.3ab Gigabit Ethernet standard defines 1000 Mbit/s Ethernet communications over
distances of up to 100 meters using all 4 pairs in category 5 (or higher) balanced unshielded
twisted-pair cabling. For wiring guidelines, system designers and integrators should refer to the
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) TIA/EIA-568-A wiring standard that characterizes
minimum cabling performance specifications required for proper Gigabit Ethernet operation. To
ensure reliable, error-free data communication, new and pre-existing communication paths should
be verified for TIA/EIA-568-A compliance. Table 3.4, “Cabling Categories And 1000Base-TX
Compliance” summarizes the relevant cabling standards.
Cabling Category
< 5NoNew wiring infrastructure required.
5YesVerify TIA/EIA-568-A compliance.
5eYesNo action required. New installations should be designed with Category 5e or higher.
6YesNo action required.
> 6YesConnector and wiring standards to be determined.
Table 3.4. Cabling Categories And 1000Base-TX Compliance
1000Base-
TX Compliant
Follow these recommendations for copper data cabling in high electrical noise environments:
• Data cable lengths should be as short as possible - ideally limited to 3m (10') in length. Copper
data cables should not be used for inter-building communications.
• Power and data cables should not be run in parallel for long distances, and should be installed
in separate conduits. Power and data cables should intersect at 90° angles when necessary
to reduce inductive coupling.
• Shielded/screened cabling can optionally be used. The cable shield should be grounded at one
single point to avoid the generation of ground loops.
3.2.7.3. Transient Suppression
RuggedCom does not recommend the use of copper cabling of any length for critical realtime substation automation applications. However, transient suppression circuitry is present
on all copper ports to protect against damage from electrical transients and to ensure IEC
61850-3 and IEEE 1613 Class 1 conformance. This means that during the transient event,
communications errors or interruptions may occur but recovery is automatic. RuggedCom also
does not recommend using these ports to interface to field devices across distances which could
produce high levels of ground potential rise, (i.e. greater than 2500V) during line to ground fault
conditions.
3.2.8. Pluggable optics – Installation, removal, and precautions
The RS2000 series of products can be ordered with two pluggable optical form factors: SFP (Small
Form-factor Pluggable), and GBIC (GigaBit Interface Converter). SFP and GBIC modules can
be safely inserted and removed while the chassis is powered and operating – a feature also
referred to as “hot-swappable”. Nevertheless, when inserting or removing optics there are several
precautions that should be taken. They include:
• Ensuring that dust caps are mounted on SFP cages at all times unless a user is in the process
of inserting or removing an SFP module. The dust caps will prevent the accumulation of residue
or particles that might inhibit proper operation.
• Ensuring that the user has properly discharged any possible electrostatic build-up in order to
prevent electrostatic discharges (ESD). This can be accomplished by properly grounding via
an ESD wrist strap, or by touching earth or chassis ground before performing installation or
removal of optics. ESD can damage or shorten the life of optical modules when not plugged
into a chassis.
• Ensuring that SFP and GBIC optical modules are always stored in an ESD-safe bag or other
suitable ESD-safe environment, free from moisture and stored at the proper temperature (–40
to +85°C).
• Disconnecting all cables from the SFP or GBIC module prior to insertion or removal of the
module.
• Using only optics certified by RuggedCom Inc. with RuggedCom products. Damage can occur
to optics and product if compatibility and reliability have not been properly assessed.
3.2.8.1. Module Insertion – GBIC and SFP
Special attention must be paid to the orientation of SFP and GBIC modules upon installation in the
RuggedSwitch® chassis. For example, the figures below show the proper orientation of SFP and
GBIC modules installed to both upper and lower slots. Modules on the upper row must be inserted
top-side up, and modules on the lower row must be inserted top-side down. SFP modules should
be inserted with the bail-latch in the locked position.
Figure 3.25. SFP Orientation
for Top and Bottom Row Ports
Figure 3.26. GBIC Orientation
for Top and Bottom Row Ports
Both SFP and GBIC modules should gently slide into their ports and should lock in place when
fully inserted. Dust covers should be in place when installing the modules, and should always be
in place when cables are not connected.
3.2.8.2. GBIC Module Removal
GBIC modules have two locking latches, one on either side of the module, as shown in the figure
below. To remove a GBIC module, disconnect any cables and replace the dust cover to protect
the optics. Depress both latches simultaneously and gently pull the module from the chassis. The
module should be immediately stored in an ESD-safe environment.
Figure 3.27. Locking Latch Location on GBIC Optical Modules
3.2.8.3. SFP Module Removal
SFP Modules are removed using the metal bail latch located on the top of the module. To remove
the SFP module, disconnect any cables and replace the dust cover to protect the optics. Grasp
the bail latch and gently pull outwards to unlock and remove the module. Immediately store the
module in an ESD-safe environment.
Figure 3.28. SFP Removal
3.3. Precision Time Protocol (PTP) Card and IEEE1588 v2
The Precision Time Protocol (PTP) card option for the RSG2288 adds the ability to provide time
synchronization via IRIG-B, and to synchronize to an external IRIG-B source or to the GPS
network. The time synchronization capabilities of the RSG2288, both with and without the PTP
card option, are summarized below:
NTP (Network Time Protocol) is the standard for synchronizing the clocks of computer systems
throughout the Internet and is suitable for systems that require accuracies in the order of 1 ms.
IRIG-B (Inter Range Instrumentation Group, mod B) time synchronization is an even older,
established, inter-device time synchronization mechanism providing accuracy on the order of 1ms
to 1µs.
The Global Positioning System (GPS), as a source of accurate time, requires an external GPS
antenna input to provide accurate time signals on the order of 500ns. The RSG2288 can use the
GPS receiver on the PTP card to provide the time base for the system.
IEEE 1588 is designed to fill a niche not well served by either of the two older, dominant protocols,
NTP and IRIG-B. IEEE 1588 is designed for local systems requiring accuracies on the order of
100 nanoseconds. IEEE 1588 is also designed for applications that cannot bear the cost of a
GPS receiver at each node or for which GPS signals are inaccessible. Every Ethernet port on the
RSG2288 supports IEEE1588.
The PTP card option is an ideal product for use in existing installations already well served by NTP,
IRIG-B or GPS. It also provides a migration path for the use of the new IEEE 1588 v2 standard.
As more end devices enter the market with IEEE 1588 compatibility this card provides an easy
transition to this new time synchronization standard.
3.3.1. PTP Card Panel Description
Figure 3.29. PTP Card Panel Description
The four BNC connectors on the front panel of the PTP card are defined in the table below:
ConnectorFunction
AM OUTIRIG-B126/B127 AM signal output, software enabled
TTL OUT
TTL INTTL-level IRIG-B PWM signal input
GPS IN
Table 3.7. PTP Card Connectors
Note that only one input is active at a time. The IRIG-B PWM input or the GPS input is selected
in software. The color of the LED on the front panel of the PTP card indicates the status of the
incoming timing signal, depending on the input selected:
The signals received from the GPS satellite network are at a frequency of 1575.42 MHz with a
minimum power of -162 dBW. The GPS antenna must have a clear view of the sky in order to
receive the low power signals and track the maximum number of satellites. Rooftops or other
structures clear of obstructions and with a clear view of the horizon are ideal.
Elements of a typical GPS antenna system include the following:
• Active GPS Antenna (required)
• Coaxial cable to connect the elements (required)
• Lightning arrestor (optional)
• Line Amplifier or Filter (optional)
To ensure correct GPS signal reception, the overall system of antenna, cabling, lightning arrestor,
line amplifier and filters requires a relative gain which should be greater than 5 dBi but less than
18 dBi (to avoid signal saturation at the receiver input).
no longer sees the minimum
number of required satellites.)
3.3.3. GPS Antenna Specifications
There are two major types of GPS antennas: passive and active. A passive antenna requires no
power and is an option when signal strength is not a concern. An active antenna has a built in Low
Noise Amplifier (LNA) to increase the strength of the signal, and to compensate for the signal loss
in a long cable connection. Active antennas are used when the antenna input is connected to the
receiver through a coaxial cable (usually longer than 3 m) or any high loss transmission path.
The PTP Card requires an active antenna with the following specifications:
CharacteristicActive Antenna
PolarizationRight-Hand Circular Polarized
Receive Frequency1.57542 GHz ± 1.023 MHz
Power Supply5 VDC
DC Current< 10 mA at 3 VDC
Antenna GainSelect antenna gain based on system configuration
Total Gain at PTP GPS Input (includes antenna gain, cable
loss, lightning arrestor loss, line amplifier gain and filter loss)
Axial Ratio< 3 dB
Output VSWR< 2.5
Table 3.9. GPS Antenna Specifications
• The PTP card’s GPS input provides 5 VDC at up to 10 mA to power the antenna.
Total Gain≤ 18 dBi
• Best results can be achieved with a total gain of 16 dB (includes antenna gain, cable
loss, lightning arrestor loss, line amplifier gain and filter loss) at the antenna input.
RuggedCom recommends low loss 50Ω coaxial cabling.
Cable Delay
Using any length of coaxial cable will add some time delay to the GPS signal, which degrades the
accuracy of the calculated time and position. The time delay is dependent on the type of dielectric
material in the cable and ranges from 1 to 2 ns/ft. The table below gives some examples of the
delay that can be expected based on the dielectric type.
Dielectric TypeTime Delay (ns/ft)Propagation Velocity (% of c)
Solid Polyethylene (PE)1.5465.9
Foam Polyethylene (FE)1.2780.0
Foam Polystyrene (FS)1.1291.0
Air Space Polyethylene (ASP)1.15-1.2184-88
Solid Teflon (ST)1.4669.4
Air Space Teflon (AST)1.13-1.2085-90
Table 3.10. Coaxial Cable Delay
3.3.5. Lightning Considerations
Although it is not possible to protect the antenna from a direct lighting strike, the antenna and
connected components can be protected from secondary effects through installation location and
protection devices.
Install the antenna at least 15 meters away from and lower than any structures that attract lightning.
GPS antenna damage is usually not the result of a direct lightning strike, but due to high currents
induced by the effects of a lightning strike on a nearby structure. RuggedCom also recommends
installing lightning arrestors in the antenna line to protect the receiver and connected devices. If
a lightning arrestor is installed, it is important to ensure that it has a low impedance path to the
ground.
3.3.6. Line Amplification and Filtering
Although an active antenna has gain, depending on the length of the coaxial cable used, it may
not be enough, in which case a line amplifier will be required as well.
Most active antennas include filters; however, if there is a high potential for electromagnetic
interference, such as from the near field of a radio transmitter, though the antenna system,
additional antenna line filtering may be necessary.
3.3.7. IRIG-B Outputs
The PTP card provides IRIG-B outputs in both AM (Amplitude Modulated) and PWM (Pulse Width
Modulated) formats. The IRIG-B126/B127 signal format is supported on the AM OUT port, and
the IRIG-B006/B007 signal format is supported on the TTL OUT port. Enabling and disabling the
outputs, and selecting between PWM and PPS on the TTL OUT port, is done through software.
The number of IRIG-B devices that can be connected to the AM or PWM sources is dependent
on the cabling type and length as well as the input impedances of the devices. Figure 3.30, “IRIG-
B Simplified Schematic” shows a simplified circuit diagram of the interface between an IRIG-B
source and connected devices.
Figure 3.30. IRIG-B Simplified Schematic
The maximum number of devices (N) that can be connected to the source is determined by
checking if the source current (IS) required to drive the connected devices is less than the
maximum drive current the source can provide, and verifying that the load voltage (VL) the
connected devices see is greater than the minimum required voltage. For IRIG-B output port
specifications, seeSection 4.7.2, “IRIG-B Output”.
The following sections list fiber optic specifications for ports that can be ordered with an RS2000
series Ethernet switch. The user determines the type of optics at the time of ordering, and
can determine the modules installed on a particular unit by reading the factory data file via
the RuggedSwitch ROS® user interface. The following sections list specifications for fiber optic
modules in Fast Ethernet(10/100Mbps) and Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps).
4.6. Fiber Ethernet Port Specifications
The specifications are organized by signaling speed and then by order code. Module order codes
are contained within each product when assembled and configured at the factory. Consult the
RuggedCom ROS® User Guide for help in obtaining the factory configuration data.
1.Maximum segment length is greatly dependent on factors such as fiber quality,
and number of patches and splices. Please consult RuggedCom sales associates
when determining maximum segment distances.
2.All optical power numbers are listed as dBm averages.
3.Distance ratings are typical but will depend on type of cabling, number of
connectors and splices.
4.FG54 and FG73 transceivers have an operating temperature range of -20°C to
+85°C. All other transceivers have an operating temperature range of -40°C to
+85°C.
Table 5.2. IEEE 1613 (C37.90.x) EMI Immunity Type Tests
• If the unit contains copper ports, the IEEE 1613 conformance is Class 1 (During
disturbance errors may occur but recovery is automatic).
Signal ports+/- 4kV @ 2.5kHz
D.C. Power ports+/- 4kV
A.C. Power ports+/- 4kV
Earth ground ports+/- 4kV
Signal ports2.5kV common mode @1MHz
D.C. Power ports2.5kV common, 1kV diff. mode@1MHzIEEE C37.90.1Oscillatory
A.C. Power ports2.5kV common, 1kV diff. mode@1MHz
Signal ports5kV (Fail-Safe Relay output)
D.C. Power ports5kVIEEE C37.90H.V. Impulse
A.C. Power ports5kV
Signal ports2kVAC
D.C. Power ports1.5kVDCIEEE C37.90Dielectric Strength
A.C. Power ports2kVAC
• If the unit contains all fiber ports, the IEEE 1613 conformance is Class 2 (During
disturbance no errors will occur).
RuggedCom warrants this product for a period of five (5) years from the date of purchase. This
product contains no user-serviceable parts. Attempted service by unauthorized personnel shall
render all warranties null and void. For warranty details, visit www.RuggedCom.com or contact
your customer service representative.
Should this product require service, contact the factory at: