Ricoh silver Service Manual

SERVICE MANUAL

(Machine code: C231)

IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICES

PREVENTION OF PHYSICAL INJURY

1. Before disassembling or assembling parts of the printer and peripherals, make sure that the power cord is unplugged.

2. The wall outlet should be near the printer and easily accessible.

3. If any adjustment or operation check has to be made with exterior covers off or open while the main switch is turned on, keep hands away from electrified or mechanically driven components.

HEALTH SAFETY CONDITIONS

1. If you get ink in your eyes by accident, try to remove it with eye drops or flush with water as first aid. If unsuccessful, get medical attention.

2. If you ingest ink by accident, induce vomiting by sticking a finger down your throat or by giving soapy or strong salty water to drink.

OBSERVANCE OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY STANDARDS

1. The printer and its peripherals must be installed and maintained by a customer service representative who has completed the training course on those models.

CAUTION

The RAM has a lithium battery which can explode if handled incorrectly. Replace only with the same type of RAM. Do not recharge or burn this battery. Used RAM's must be handled in accordance with local regulations.

ATTENTION

La carte RAM comporte une pile au lithium qui présente un risque d'explosion en cas de mauvaise manipulation. Remplacer la pile uniquement par une carte RAM identique. Ne pas recharger ni brûler cette pile. Les cartes RAM usagées doivent être éliminées conformément aux réglementations locales.

SAFETY AND ECOLOGICAL NOTES FOR DISPOSAL

1. Dispose of replaced parts in accordance with local regulations.

2. Used ink and masters should be disposed of in an environmentally safe manner and in accordance with local regulations.

3. When keeping used lithium batteries (from the main processing units) in order to dispose of them later, do not store more than 100 batteries (from the main processing units) per sealed box. Storing larger numbers or not sealing them apart may lead to chemical reactions and heat build-up.

1 July, 1998 SPECIFICATION

1. OVERALL INFORMATION

1.1 SPECIFICATION

Configuration: Desktop

Master Processing: Digital with 300 dpi thermal head

Scanning (Pixel Density): Contact image sensor (300 dpi), with xenon lamp

* In Fine mode, 400 dpi in the sub-scanning resolution

Printing Process: Fully automatic one-drum stencil system

Original Type: Sheet/Book

In Platen Mode: Document size:

Maximum 257 x 364 mm [10.2" x 14.4"] Thickness: Less than 30 mm Weight: Less than 5 kg

In ADF Mode: Document size:

Maximum 257 x 364 mm [10.2" x 14.4"]

Minimum 148 x 105 mm [5.8" x 4.1"]

Overall

Information

Document weight:

50 - 90 g/m2[13.3 - 23.9 lb]

(40 - 120 g/m2[10.6 - 31.9 lb]

in single sheet feed)

ADF capacity:

30 sheets (using 20 lb or 80 g/m2 paper)

Reproduction Ratios: Inch version Others

Full Size: 100% 100%

Reduction: 65% 71%

74% 82% 77% 87% 93% 93%

Enlargement: 121% 115%

129% 122% 155% 141%

Image Modes: Letter, Photo, Letter/Photo, Fine, Tint

1-1

SPECIFICATION 1 July, 1998

Printing Area:

(At 20 °C/ 65 % RH)

B4 size drum models:

250 mm x 355 mm

Legal size drum models:

210 mm x 355 mm [8.2" x 13.9"]

A4 size drum models:

210 mm x 288 mm [8.2" x 11.3"]

Edge Margins: Leading edge:

5 ± 3 mm (At the "0" position of Image Shift mode)

Trailing edge: 2 mm

Print Paper Size: Minimum: 90 mm x 148 mm [3.6" x 5.9"]

Maximum: 267 mm x 390 mm [10.5" x 15.3"]

Print Paper Weight: 47.1 g/m2 to 157.0 g/m2 [12.5 lb to 41.7 lb]

Printing Speed: 80, 100, 120 sheets/minute (3 steps)

Master Process Time: Platen mode:

Less than 28 seconds (A4 paper)

ADF mode:

Less than 30 seconds (A4 paper)

Master Eject Box Capacity: 40 masters (Normal conditions)

(30 masters at low temperatures)

Side Registration Adjustable

± 10 mm

Range:

Vertical Registration Adjustable

± 10 mm

Range:

Paper Feed Table Capacity: 1000 sheets (80 g/m2 / 20 lb)

Paper Delivery Table Capacity: 1000 sheets (80 g/m2/ 20 lb)

Power Source: 110/120 V, 50/60 Hz: 2.5 A

220 - 240 V, 50/60 Hz: 1.5 A

Maximum Power Consumption: 250 W

Noise Emission:

(At operation position)

At 80 rpm printing speed: 71 dB At 100 rpm printing speed: 72 dB At 120 rpm printing speed: 72 dB

1-2

1 July, 1998 SPECIFICATION

Weight: 65 kg [143.3 lb]

68 kg [149.9 lb] with ADF

Dimensions: (Width x Depth x Height)

Trays closed: 594 mm x 601 mm x 567 mm

With ADF: 594 mm x 601 mm x 617 mm

Trays open: 1187 mm x 601 mm x 567 mm

With ADF: 1187 mm x 601 mm x 617 mm

Master Type: Master for B4 drum

Thermal master roll type:

280 mm width, 125 m/roll Yield:

260 masters/roll Max run length per master:

2,000 prints

Overall

Information

Master for A4/Legal drum

Thermal master roll type:

240 mm width, 125 m/roll Yield:

300 masters/roll (A4 drum)

260 masters/roll (Legal drum) Max run length per master:

2,000 prints

Master Storage Conditions: Temperature:

0 °C to 40 °C

Humidity:

10% to 95% RH

Recommended maximum storage period:

One year after production date

* Avoid locations exposed to direct sunlight.

1-3

SPECIFICATION 1 July, 1998

Ink Type 600 ml cartridge type

Available colors:

Black, Red, Blue, Green, Brown

Ink Storage Conditions: Temperature:

-5 °C to 40 °C

(Optimum conditions: 15 °C to 25 °C)

Humidity:

10% to 95% RH

(Optimum conditions: 20% to 70% RH)

Recommended maximum storage period:

One year after production date

* Avoid locations exposed to direct sunlight.

Available Options

· Color Drum

· Document Feeder

· Key Counter

· Tape Marker

· PC Controller

1-4

1 July, 1998 GUIDE TO COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTION

1.2 GUIDE TO COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTION

1.2.1 MACHINE EXTERIOR

Overall

Information

1. Front Door

2. Operation Panel

3. Platen Cover

4. Original Table Release Lever

5. Feed Roller Pressure Lever

6. Paper Feed Side Plates

7. Paper Feed Table

8. Side Table Fine Adjusting Dial

9. Paper Feed Table Down key

10. Behind Cover

C231V504.WMF

Open for access to the inside of the machine. Operator controls and indicators are located here. Lower this cover over an original before printing. Use to open the original table unit when installing the

master. Use to adjust the contact pressure of the paper feed

roller according to paper thickness. Use to prevent paper skew.

Set paper on this table for printing. Use to shift the paper feed table sideways.

Press to lower the paper feed table.

Flip up when you wish to use the keys underneath.

1-5

GUIDE TO COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTION 1 July, 1998

1.2.2 MACHINE INTERIOR

1. Document Feeder (Option)

2. Paper Delivery Side Plates

3. Paper Delivery End Plate

4. Paper Delivery Table

5. Main Switch

6. Drum Unit

7. Drum Unit Lock Lever

8. Ink Holder

C231V505.WMF

Originals inserted into the document feeder are individually and automatically fed onto and removed from the exposure glass.

Use to align the prints on the paper delivery table. Use to align the leading edge of prints. Completed prints are delivered here. Use to turn the power on or off. The master is wrapped around this unit. Lift to unlock and pull out the drum unit. Set the ink cartridge in this holder.

1-6

1 July, 1998 GUIDE TO COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTION

1.2.3 OPERATION PANEL

Keys

C231V511.WMF

1. Security key

Press to make prints of confidential documents.

2. Paste Shadow Erase key

Press to erase the shadows on images of pasted originals.

3. Tint key

Press to make prints in grey. (This is the Tint/Economy key for the China version.)

Overall

Information

7. Center/Edge Erase key

Press to print book originals that have a solid image on the center or edges.

8. Scroll keys

Press to select size and direction of paper or original for Center/Edge Erase.

9. Reduce key

Press to reduce the image.

4. Image Density key

Press to make prints darker or lighter.

5. Check Indicator

This indicator lights when you have selected one or more of the functions accessed by lifting the behind cover and pressing the keys underneath (e. g. Security key, Paste Shadow Erase key etc.). This lets you know whether one or more of these functions is selected, even if the cover is lowered.

6. Skip Feed key

Press to select skip feed printing.

10. Full Size key

Press to make full size prints.

11. Enlarge key

Press to enlarge the image.

12. Economy key

Press to save ink. (This is the Combine 2 Originals key for the China version.)

13. Type of Original key

Press to select Letter, Photo, or Letter/Photo mode.

14. Fine key

Press to select fine image mode.

15. Image Position key

Press to shift the image forwards or backwards.

1-7

GUIDE TO COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTION 1 July, 1998

16. Program key

Press to input or recall user programs.

17. Clear Modes key

Press to clear the previously entered job settings.

18. Auto Cycle key

Use to process the master and make prints automatically.

19. Proof key

Press to make proof prints.

20. Speed keys

Press to adjust the printing speed.

21. Memory/Class key

Press to select Memory or Class mode.

C231V511.WMF

22. Number keys

Press to enter the desired number of prints and data for selected modes.

23. # key

Use to enter data in selected modes.

24. Clear/Stop key

While entering numbers, press to cancel a number you have entered. While copying, press to stop copying.

25. Start key

Press to make a master.

26. Print key

Press to start printing.

1-8

1 July, 1998 GUIDE TO COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTION

Indicators

1. Error indicators

These indicators are lit when a non-standard condition occurs within the machine.

2. Memory/Class Indicator

Shows the number entered in Memory or Class mode.

C231V512.WMF

Overall

Information

4. Counter

Displays the number of prints entered. While printing, it shows the number of prints remaining.

5. Guidance Display

Display the machine's condition.

3. Speed indicator

These indicators show the printing speed that is selected.

1-9

PRINTING PROCESS 1 July, 1998

1.3 PRINTING PROCESS

C231V500.WMF

654

1. Master Eject: Ejects the used master wrapped around the drum

into the master eject box.

2. Scanning: The scanner, which is composed of the contact

image sensor (CIS) and xenon lamp, scans the original image.

3. Master Feeding: Converts the image signal read by the CIS into digital

signals and sends them to the thermal head to develop the image on the master. The master then wraps around the drum.

4. Paper Feeding: Sends paper to the drum section.

5. Printing: Presses the paper fed from the paper feed section to

the drum. This transfers the ink to the paper through the drum screen and the master.

6. Paper Delivering: Peels the printed paper with the exit pawl and air

knife, and ejects the paper onto the paper delivery table.

1-10

1 July, 1998 MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT

1.4 MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT

1232524232221

Overall

Information

16 13

1. Tension Roller

2. Master Feed Roller

3. Platen Roller

4. Scanner

5. Master Roll

6. Thermal Head

7. Paper Feed Roller

8. Paper Pick-up Roller

9. Paper Table

10. Registration Roller

11. Doctor Roller

C231V500.WMF

11121415

14. Vacuum Fan Motor

15. Transport Belts

16. Paper Delivery Table

17. Air Knife Fan Motor

18. Master Eject Roller

19. Master Eject Box

20. DF R1 Roller

21. DF R0 Roller

22. DF Separation Roller

23. DF Document Feed Roller

24. DF Pick-up Roller

12. Ink Roller

13. Press Roller

25. DF R2 Roller

1-11

ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT 1 July, 1998

1.5 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT

1.5.1 ADF

Motors

Index No. Name Function

4 ADF Motor Drives the original.

C231V508.WMF

Switches

Index No. Name Function

3 ADF Cover Switch Detects whether the ADF cover is open or

closed.

5 ADF Switch Detects whether the ADF unit is open or closed.

Sensors

Index No. Name Function

2 Scan Line Sensor Detects when a page is approaching the auto

shading position.

1 Document Sensor Detects the presence of a document in the

feeder.

6 Not Used

1-12

1 July, 1998 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT

1.5.2 MAIN BODY

Overall

Information

10 11

C231V501.WMF

C231V503.WMF

394041

1-13

ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT 1 July, 1998

Boards

Index No. Name Function

2 Main Processing Unit

(MPU)

3 Lamp Stabilizer This supplies power to the xenon lamp. 17 Power Supply Unit Provides dc power to the system. 25 Operation Panel Boards These boards control the operation panel.

4 Contact Image Sensor

and Xenon Lamp

40 Noise Filter Board Filters out electrical noise on the ac power input

42 Main Motor Control

Board

Controls all machine functions both directly and through other boards.

This sensor reads and converts the light reflected from the document into an analog video signal. It uses an RMLA (Roof Mirror Lens Array) sensor unit. The xenon lamp that illuminates the document is contained in this unit.

lines. Controls the main motor speed.

Motors

Index No. Name Function

7 Master Feed Motor Feeds the master to the drum. 18 Cutter Motor Cuts the master. 19 Registration Motor Feeds the paper to align it with the master on

the drum.

1 Scanner Motor Stepper motor drives the book scanner. 30 Master Eject Motor Sends used masters into the master eject box. 31 Air Knife Fan Motor Rotates the fan to provide air to separate the

leading edge of the paper from the drum. 34 Pressure Plate Motor Raises and lowers the pressure plate. 35 Vacuum Fan Motor Provides suction so that paper is held firmly on

the transport belt. 36 Paper Transport Motor Transports the printed paper. 39 Clamper Motor Opens or closes the drum master clamper. 44 Main Motor Drives paper feed mechanisms and the drum. 46 Paper Table Motor Raises and lowers the paper table. 52 Ink Pump Motor Drives the ink pump.

1-14

1 July, 1998 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT

Solenoids

Index No. Name Function

43 Rear Pressure Release

Solenoid

20 Front Pressure Release

Solenoid

Releases the press roller to apply printing

pressure.

Releases the press roller to apply printing

pressure.

Switches

Index No. Name Function

49 Scanner Unit Safety

Switch

9 Master Making Unit

Cover Safety Switch 16 Table Lowering Switch Lowers the paper table. 21 Test Switch Releases the cover safety functions. (See the

23 Door Safety Switch Checks whether the front door is properly

24 Main Switch Turns the power on or off.

Checks whether the scanner unit is properly set.

Checks whether the cover on the master making unit is properly closed.

notes below this table.)

closed.

Overall

Information

NOTE:

When you use this test switch, be sure to return it to the default position after servicing.

Sensors

Index No. Name Function

50 Master Eject Position

Sensor 51 Paper Exit Timing

Sensor 48 Feed Start Timing

Sensor 26 Master Eject Sensor Detects used master misfeeds. 28 Pressure Plate Limit

Sensor 27 Pressure Plate Home

Position Sensor 29 Drum Master Sensor Detects if there is a master on the drum. 32 Eject Box Set Sensor Checks if the master eject box is set. 33 Paper Exit Sensor Detects paper misfeeds at the exit. 37 2nd Feed Timing

Sensor 38 Clamper Open Sensor Detects if the clamper is in the open position. 41 Clamper Close Sensor Detects if the clamper is in the closed position. 45 Table Lower Limit

Sensor

Detects when the drum is at the master eject position.

Determines the paper exit misfeed check timing.

Determines the paper feed start timing.

Detects if the pressure plate is in the lowest position.

Detects if the pressure plate is at the home position.

Determines the paper misfeed check timing at the paper registration area.

Detects when the paper table is at its lower limit position.

1-15

ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT 1 July, 1998

Index No. Name Function

5 Platen Cover Sensor Detects whether the platen cover is open or

closed.

6 Scanner Home Position

Sensor

8 Master Set Cover

Sensor 10 Master End Sensor Informs the CPU when the master making unit

11 Paper Height Sensor Detects when the paper table reaches the paper

13 Paper Registration

Sensor 15 Paper End Sensor Informs the CPU when the paper table runs out

Detects when the image sensor is at home position.

Checks if the master set cover is set.

runs out of master roll.

feed position. Detects paper approaching the registration

roller.

of paper.

14 Cutter Home Position

Sensor

Detects when the cutter is at the home position.

Counters

Index No. Name Function

22 Paper and Master

Counters

Keep track of the total number of copies and masters made.

Others

Index No. Name Function

47 Paper Feed Clutch Transmits main motor drive to the paper feed

roller at the appropriate time.

12 Thermal Head Burns the image onto the master.

1-16

1 July, 1998 DRIVE LAYOUT

1.6 DRIVE LAYOUT

Overall

Information

1. Pressure Plate Motor

2. Clamper Motor

3. Paper Transport Motor

4. Main Motor

C231V501.WMF

3456

5. Registration Motor

6. Paper Table Motor

7. Paper Feed Clutch

8. Master Feed Motor

1-17

1 July, 1998 SCANNER AND OPTICS

2. DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS

2.1 SCANNER AND OPTICS

2.1.1 BOOK SCANNER OVERVIEW

[D]

[C]

[A]

The scanner motor [A] drives the scanner [B] through the timing belt [C] and drive wire [D]. The shaft [E] guides scanner movement in the sub-scan direction. Inside the scanner [B] are a contact image sensor (containing a sensor element and xenon lamp) and a xenon lamp driver.

[E]

[I]

[H]

[B]

C231D500.WMF

Detailed

Descriptions

The scanner [B] consists of a contact image sensor and a xenon lamp driver.

The scanner home position sensor [H] allows the scanner return to the same position after scanning.

The platen cover switch [I] detects the cover status.

2-1

SCANNER AND OPTICS 1 July, 1998

2.1.2 ADF OVERVIEW

[D]

[E]

[C]

[F]

[B]

[G]

[A]

C231D501.WMF

[I]

[H]

C231D572.WMF

The sheet through-type ADF feeds the document from the top of the document stack.

The pick-up roller [A] and feed roller [B] feed the original into the scanner, and the separation roller [C] helps to feed one sheet at a time. Then, the R0 [D], R1 [E], and R2 [H] rollers feed the document through the scanner.

During scanning, the scanner [I] moves to the scanning position under the exposure glass [G]. The shading plate [F] secures the document at the scan line, ensuring the document is within the image sensor's range of focus.

After scanning, the ADF feeds out the document onto the platen cover, and the scanner moves back to its home position.

2-2

1 July, 1998 SCANNER AND OPTICS

[B]

[A]

C231D502.WMF

Detailed

Descriptions

The document sensor [A] detects when an original is placed in the ADF. The sensor [B] is not used in this unit. The ADF is a common part which is used in other models.

2-3

SCANNER AND OPTICS 1 July, 1998

2.1.3 CONTACT IMAGE SENSOR

[D]

[A]

[C]

[B]

[F]

[E]

C231D503.WMF

The contact image sensor (CIS) assembly [A] consists of the exposure glass [B], roof mirror lens array [C], xenon lamp [D], and the image sensor [E]. The CIS moves under the exposure glass when scanning a book original, or stays at the ADF scan line when scanning a sheet original using the ADF.

The image sensor is a row of 4096 photosensitive elements (B4 width x 16 dots/mm). The roof mirror lens array focuses the light reflected from the document onto the image sensor.

Due to the short optical path of a CIS unit, the focal depth is much shorter than in a CCD type scanner. Because of this, two springs push the CIS against the exposure glass [F], to keep the distance between the CIS and the original constant. In book scanning mode, if the original is out of the CIS focal range, however, the scanned image may be darkened.

NOTE:

Due to the characteristics of the CIS, shadows of a paste-up original tend to appear on copies. To counter this, press a key on the operation panel to use the paste shadow erase mode.

The strength of the paste shadow erase level can be increased with SP no.

28.

2-4

1 July, 1998 SCANNER AND OPTICS

2.1.4 DRIVE MECHANISM

Book Scanner

[D]

[E]

[C]

[A]

[B]

[G]

Detailed

Descriptions

[F]

C231D504.WMF

The book scanner motor [A] drives the scanner [B] via a timing belt [C] and drive wire [D]. The scanner moves along the guide shaft [E].

The springs [F] apply pressure to the contact image sensor [G] to ensure that the distance from the image sensor to the exposure glass surface remains constant during scanning.

2-5

SCANNER AND OPTICS 1 July, 1998

ADF

[A]

[C]

[D]

[B]

[E]

C231D505.WMF

The ADF motor [A] drives the pick-up roller [B], the feed roller [C], the R0 roller [D], the R1 roller (this is obscured in the diagram), and the R2 roller [E].

2-6

1 July, 1998 SCANNER AND OPTICS

2.1.5 PICK-UP AND FEED (ADF)

[B]

[A]

C231D507.WMF

Detailed

Descriptions

C231D506.WMF

When the ADF motor starts, the mechanical clutch [A] engages and lowers the pick-up roller [B] into contact with the document. Then the machine begins feeding the original stack, beginning with the top page. After the last page is scanned, the ADF motor reverses briefly to raise the pick-up roller back to the standby position.

2-7

SCANNER AND OPTICS 1 July, 1998

2.1.6 SEPARATION MECHANISM (ADF)

[A]

[B]

C231D508.WMF

The feed roller [A] and the separation roller [B] prevent more than one sheet of paper from feeding into the scanner at the same time.

When the feed roller feeds a sheet of paper, both the feed and the separation rollers rotate in the feed-in direction. However, if two or more sheets are between these rollers, the separation roller rotates in the feed-out direction to prevent the lower sheet from being fed into the scanner.

2-8

1 July, 1998 SCANNER AND OPTICS

2.1.7 ERROR CONDITIONS

Book Scanner

The main CPU detects an error (error code E-13 is displayed) if either of the following conditions occurs.

Condition Description Error Code

The scanner home position sensor does not turn on up to 7 seconds after the motor engages.

Home position sensor

error condition

ADF

The scanner home position sensor does not turn off up to 4 seconds after power on. Otherwise, when the scanner could not return to the home position within 2 seconds of leaving.

E-13

Detailed

Descriptions

"Paper feed jam" is displayed if any of the following conditions occurs.

Jam Condition Description

Non-feed

Misfeed 1

Misfeed 2

The scan line sensor does not switch on within 5 seconds after the ADF motor starts.

The scan line sensor does not turn off even when the paper (a trial print) reaches the registration area.

The ADF motor reverses after the last document feeds out of the scanner or after a jam is cleared. At this time, the misfeed 2 error condition occurs if the document sensor stays on.

2-9

IMAGE-PROCESSING 1 July, 1998

2.2 IMAGE-PROCESSING

2.2.1 OVERVIEW

Main Processing Unit (MPU)

Error

Main

Half Tone Processor

Data

Selection

Image

Enlargement/

Reduction

Contact Image

Sensor

Power Supply

PCB

Thermal

Head

Amplification

GA2

Thermal

Head Drive

A/D

Conversion

Data

Compensation

Clock

Overlay

Letter/Photo

Image Area

Detection

MTF

Correction

Main-scan Direction

Image Position

Adjustment

Data Selection

GA1

Data

Selection

Centering

Thresholding

Diffusion

Control

C231D509.WMF

This model uses a contact image sensor (CIS) instead of a CCD. It removes the necessity for the complicated adjustments needed for a CCD scanner.

There are three main chips on the main processing unit (MPU) as shown. The halftone processor chip enables the use of Letter/Photo mode in addition to Letter and Photo modes. In Letter/Photo and Photo modes, error diffusion processing produces better copy quality halftone images.

The halftone processor also includes the A/D conversion function, as well as the image processing functions. The thermal head drive function is built into a chip (GA2) on the MPU.

2-10

+ 158 hidden pages