Ricoh FT 2012 Service Manual

Page 1

IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICES

PREVENTION OF PHYSICAL INJURY

1. Before disassembling or assembling any parts of the copier, make sure that the power cord is unplugged.

2. The wall outlet should be near the copier and easily accessible.

3. If any adjustment or operation check has to be made with exterior covers off or open while the main switch is turned on, keep hands away from electrified or mechanically driven components.

4. The inside and the metal parts of the fusing unit become extremely hot while the copier is operating. Be careful to avoid touching those components with your bare hands.

HEALTH SAFETY CONDITIONS

1. Toner and developer are non-toxic, but if you get either of them in your eyes by accident, it may cause temporary eye discomfort. Try to remove with eye drops or flush with water as first aid. If unsuccessful, get medical attention.

OBSERVANCE OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY STANDARDS

1. The copier must be maintained by a customer service representative who has completed the training course on the model.

SAFETY AND ECOLOGICAL NOTES FOR DISPOSAL

1. Do not incinerate toner cartridges or used toner. Toner dust may ignite suddenly when exposed to open flame.

2. Dispose of imaging units in accordance with local regulations. (These are non-toxic supplies.)

3. Dispose of replaced parts in accordance with local regulations.

Page 2

SECTION 1

OVERALL

MACHINE INFORMATION

Page 3

4 July 1996 SPECIFICATIONS

1. SPECIFICATIONS

Configuration: Desk Top Copy Process: Dry electrostatic transfer system Originals: Sheet/Book Original Size: Maximum: A4/8.5" x 14" (A183 copier)

B4/10" x 14" (A184 copier)

Copy Paper Size: Paper tray feed:

A4, 8.5" x 11", 8.5" x 13", 8.5" x 14"

Bypass feed:

Maximum: A4/8.5" x 14" Minimum: A5/5.5" x 8.5"

Copy Paper Weight: Paper tray feed: 64 to 86 g/m

Bypass feed: 60 to 105 g/m

, 17 to 23 lb

, 16 to 27 lb

Overall

Information

Reproduction Ratios (A184 model only):

Enlargement

Full Size 100% 100%

Reduction

Metric Version Inch Version

141% 122%

93% 82% 71%

129%

93% 85% 78%

Zoom (A184 model only): From 70% to 141% in 1% steps Copying Speed: 12 copies/minute (A4/8.5" x 11") Warm-up Time:

Less than 30 seconds (at 23°C) First Copy Time: Less than 9 seconds (A4/8.5" x 11") Copy Number Input: Up/Down key, 1 to 50 Manual Image Density

4 steps; can also be set to 5 steps Selection:

Automatic Reset: 1 minute standard setting; can also be set to

3 minutes or no auto reset Paper Capacity: Paper Tray:

250 sheets (A4/8.5" x 11", 80 g/m 100 sheets (8.5" x 14", 80 g/m

Bypass feed entrance: 1 sheet Toner Replenishment: Bottle exchange (91 g/bottle)

1-1

/20 lb)

Page 4

SPECIFICATIONS 4 July 1996

Copy Tray Capacity:

A4/8.5" x 11" 20 sheets 50 sheets

8.5" x 14" 10 sheets 50 sheets OHP — 1 sheet

Power Source: 120 V/60 Hz:

More than 10 A (for North America)

220 ~ 240 V/50 Hz:

More than 6 A (for Europe)

220 V/50 Hz:

More than 6 A (for Asia)

220 V/60 Hz:

More than 6 A (for Middle East/Asia)

110 V/60 Hz:

More than 10 A (for Taiwan)

127 V/60 Hz:

More than 10 A (for Middle East)

Power Consumption:

Maximum Copy cycle condition Warm-up condiiton Stand-by condition

Copy tray in the

closed position

Copy tray in the

open position

0.9 kW

0.5 kW

0.6 kW

0.1 kW

Dimensions:

Copier

Width Depth Height

400 mm

(15.8")

550 mm

(21.7")

220 mm

(8.7")

Noise Emissions: Sound pressure level (the measurements are

made according to ISO 7779 at the operator position.)

Less than 55 dB Sound power level (the measurements are made

according to ISO 7779)

Stand-by conditio n Less than 40 dB Copy cycle condition Less than 63 dB

Weight: Less than 18 kg, 39.7 Ib

1-2

Page 5

4 July 1996 SPECIFICATIONS

MEMO

Overall

Information

1-3

Page 6

COPY PROCESS AROUND THE DRUM 4 July 1996

2. COPY PROCESS AROUND THE DRUM

A184V501.wmf

1-4

Page 7

4 July 1996 COPY PROCESS AROUND THE DRUM

1. DRUM CHARGE

In the dark, the charge corona unit gives a uniform negative charge to the organic photoconductive (OPC) drum. The charge remains on the surface of the drum because the OPC drum has a high electrical resistance in the dark.

2. EXPOSURE

An image of the original is reflected to the drum surface via the optics assembly. The charge on the drum surface is dissipated in direct proportion to the intensity of the reflected light, thus producing an electrical latent image on the drum surface.

3. ERASE

The erase lamp illuminates the area of the charged drum surface that will not be used for the copy image. The resistance of the drum in the illuminated areas drops and the charge on those areas dissipates.

4. DEVELOPMENT

Positively charged toner is attached to the negatively charged areas of the drum, thus developing the latent image. (The positive triboelectric charge is caused by friction between the carrier and toner particles.)

Overall

Information

5. IMAGE TRANSFER

Paper is fed to the drum surface at the proper time so as to align the copy paper and the developed image on the drum surface. Then, a strong negative charge is applied to the back side of the copy paper, producing an electrical force which pulls the toner particles from the drum surface to the copy paper. At the same time, the copy paper is electrically attracted to the drum surface.

6. CLEANING

The cleaning blade scrapes the toner off the drum. The collected toner is recycled.

7. QUENCHING

Light from the quenching lamp electrically neutralizes the drum surface.

1-5

Page 8

MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT 4 July 1996

3. MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT

1 1098765432

21 20 16171819 1415

1. 2nd Mirror

2. 1st Mirror

3. Exposure Lamp

A184V500.wmf

13. Relay Rollers

14. Paper Feed Roller

15. Toner Bottle Holder

4. Quenching Lamp

5. Charge Corona Unit

6. 6th Mirror

7. Lens

8. Erase Lamp

9. Development Roller

10. 4th Mirror

11. 5th Mirror

12. By-pass Feed Table

16. Registration Rollers

17. Transfer Corona Unit

18. Drum

19. Cleaning Blade

20. Pressure Roller

21. Hot Roller

22. Exit Rollers

23. Copy Tray

24. 3rd Mirror

1-6

Page 9

4 July 1996 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS

4. ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS

Refer to the electrical component layout and the point-to-point diagram on the waterproof paper in the pocket for symbols and index numbers.

Symbol Name Function Index No.

Motors

M3 Scanner Drive Motor Drives the scanners (1st and 2nd). 10

Main Motor Drives all th e m ai n unit components except

for the optics unit and fans.

Exhaust Fan Motor Removes hea t from aro und the fusing unit

and blows the ozo ne built up around the charge corona unit to the ozone filter.

Lens and Mirror M ot or (A184 machines only)

Optics Cooling Fan Motor (220 ~ 240 V machines only)

Moves the lens an d 4t h/ 5t h m irr or pos i tio ns in accordance with the selected magnification.

Prevents build- up of hot air in the opt ics cavity. 18

Overall

Information

Clutches

CL1

CL2

Switches

SW1 Main Switch Supplies powe r to th e copier. 28 SW2 Interlock Switch Cuts all power when the upper unit is opened. 29

Sensors

S5 S6 Exit Sensor Detects misfeeds. 30

Toner Supply Clut ch Transfers main motor drive to the toner bottle

gear.

Paper Feed Clutch Transfers main motor drive to the pa per fe ed

roller.

ADS Sensor Detects the backgr ound density of the

original.

Registration Sensor Detects paper end conditions. Checks if

paper is set on the by- pass feed table.

Lens and Mirror H. P. Sensor (A184 machines only)

Scanner H. P. Sensor Informs the CPU when the 1st scanner is at

Toner Density (TD) Sensor

Informs the CPU when the lens and 4th/5t h mirror assem bl y ar e at th e hom e position (full size position).

the home position. Dete cts the ratio o f t o n er to carrier in the

developer.

Solenoid

SOL 1

Registration Sol en oi d Releases the stopper, synchroniz i ng t he

paper-feed tim ing with the origin al scan.

1-7

Page 10

ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS 4 July 1996

Symbol Name Function Index No.

Printed Circuit Boards

PCB1 Main Cont ro l Boar d Controls all copier functions . 5 PCB2 Scanner Drive Board Controls the sca nner drive motor. 9

PCB3

PCB4

PCB5

Lamps

L1 L2 Fusing Lamp Provides heat to the hot roller. 22 L3

High Voltage Supply Board - CT/B/G

AC Drive / DC Power Supply Board

Operation Panel Board

Exposure Lamp Applies high intensity light to the original for

Quenching La m p (QL ) Neutralizes any charge remai ning on the

Erase Lamp Dis charges the drum ou ts ide of th e i m age

Provides high vo l tage f or the char ge corona, transfer corona and development bi as .

Drives the exposure lamp, fusing lamp and main motor. Rectifies 30 Vac and 8 Vac input and outputs 5 Vdc an d 24 Vdc .

Informs the CPU of the sel ec te d m odes and displays the si t uation on the panel.

exposure.

drum surface aft er cleaning.

area. (Provides leading/trailing edge and side erases.)

Others

TH1 TH2 Fusing Therm i stor Monitors the fu si ng temperature. 21 TF1

TF2

Total Counter (except for -17 machines)

Optics Thermist or Monitors the tem per at ur e ar ound the

Expos ure Lamp Thermofuse

Fusing Thermof use Provide back-up overheat protect ion i n t he

Transformer Steps down the wall voltage to 30 Vac and 8

Keeps track of the total num ber of copies made.

exposure lamp for overheat protect i on.

Provide back-up overheat protection around the exposure lamp.

fusing unit.

Vac.

1-8

Page 11

SECTION 2

DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS

Page 12

4 July 1996 DRUM

1. DRUM

1.1 OPC DRUM CHARACTERISTICS

The OPC (Organic Photoconductor) Drum used in this copier is small in diameter (30 mm), ensuring good paper separation. An OPC drum has the characteristics of:

1. Being able to accept a high negative electrical charge in the dark. (The electrical resistance of a photoconductor is high in the absence of light.)

2. Dissipating the electrical charge when exposed to light. (Exposure to light greatly increases the conductivity of a photoconductor.)

3. Dissipating an amount of charge in direct proportion to the intensity of the light. That is, where stronger light is directed to the photoconductor surface, a smaller voltage remains on the drum.

4. Being less sensitive to changes in temperature (when compared to selenium F type drums).

Detailed

Descriptions

5. During the drums’ life, drum residual voltage gradually increases and the photoconductive surface becomes worn. Therefore, some compensation for these characteristics is required.

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Page 13

DRUM 4 July 1996

1.2 DRIVE MECHANISM

[B]

[A]

A184D500.wmf

The drum [A] is driven by the main motor [B] through idle gears.

2-2

Page 14

4 July 1996 CHARGE

2. CHARGE

2.1 OVERVIEW

[A]

Detailed

Descriptions

[D][C]

[B]

A184D501.wmf

A184D502.wmf

This copier uses a single wire scorotron to charge the drum. The corona wire [A] generates a corona of negative ions when the high voltage supply unit applies a negative voltage. The stainless steel grid plate [B] ensures that the drum coating receives a uniform negative charge as it rotates past the corona unit.

The exhaust fan [C] causes a flow of air through the charge corona section. This prevents an uneven build-up of negative ions that can cause uneven image density.

An ozone filter [D], which adsorbs ozone (O

) generated by the charge corona, is located beside the exhaust fan. The ozone filter decreases in efficiency over time as it adsorbs ozone. The ozone filter should be replaced every 30 k copies.

2-3

Page 15

CHARGE 4 July 1996

2.2 CHARGE CORONA CIRCUIT

24 V

GND

CT Trigger

B PWM

CN123-4

CN123-3

CN123-2

CN123-1

CN1-1

CN1-2

CN1-3

CN1-4

DC/DC

Inverter

DC/DC

Inverter

Zener Diode

High Voltage Supply Board-CT/B/G

Ω

3 M

620 V

Drum

To Drum GND

A184D503.wmf

The main board supplies +24 V to the high voltage supply board at CN123-4 as the power source. After the Start key is pressed, the CPU drops CN123-2 from +24 V to 0 V. This activates the charge corona circuit which applies a high negative voltage of approximately –5 k volts to the charge corona wire. The corona wire then generates a negative corona charge.

The grid plate limits the charge voltage to ensure that the charge does not fluctuate and that an even charge is applied to the entire drum surface. The grid plate is connected to ground through a zener diode in the high voltage supply unit. The grid plate drains any charge in excess of –850 V, which is discharged to the ground through the zener diode.

2-4

Page 16

4 July 1996 OPTICS

3. OPTICS

3.1 OVERVIEW

[C]

[B]

[J]

[A]

[E]

[H]

[D]

[G]

[I]

A184D504.wmf

During the copy cycle, an image of the original is reflected onto the drum surface through the optics assembly as follows:

Light path: Exposure Lamp [A] → Original → First Mirror [B] → Second Mirror [C]

→

Third Mirror [D] → Lens [E] → Fourth Mirror [F] → Fifth Mirror [G] → Sixth Mirror [H] → Drum [I]

[F]

Detailed

Descriptions

This copier has five (metric version) or four (inch version) standard reproduction ratios (A184 copier only) and a zoom function. The operator can also change the reproduction ratio in one-percent steps from 70% to 141%. One stepper motor is used to change the positions of the lens and 4th/5th mirrors to enlarge/reduce the image across the page. Changes in reproduction ratio down the page are achieved by changing the scanner speed (A184 copier only).

The CPU monitors the temperature around the optics through a thermistor which is located on the scanner frame. When the temperature reaches 35°C, the optics cooling fan [J] (230 V machines only) starts rotating to draw cool air into the optics cavity. The fan operates until the temperature drops below 32°C. (However, 120 V machines are not equipped with a cooling fan.) For all models, the machine will stop if the optics cavity overheats to a certain temperature. (See Troubleshooting for details.) In this case, the Start key turns red.

Additionally, a thermofuse on the 1st scanner provides back-up overheat protection. It opens when the temperature reaches 128°C and cuts ac power to the exposure lamp.

2-5

Page 17

OPTICS 4 July 1996

3.2 SCANNER DRIVE

[H]

[F]

[D]

[C]

[A]

[E]

[B]

A184D505.wmf

[G]

A stepper motor [A] is used to drive the scanners. The first scanner [B], which consists of the exposure lamp and the first mirror,

is connected to the first scanner belt [C]. The second scanner [D], which consists of the second and third mirrors, is connected to the second scanner belt [E]. Both the scanners move along the guide rail [F].

The pulley [G] drives both the first and second scanner belts. The 2nd scanner moves at half the speed of the first scanner. This maintains the focal distance between the original and the lens during scanning.

The scanner home position is detected by the home position sensor [H]. The scanner return position is determined by counting the scanner motor drive pulses.

2-6

Page 18

4 July 1996 OPTICS

3.3 LENS AND 4TH/5TH MIRROR DRIVE (A184 copier only)

[B]

[D]

[C]

[A]

[E]

[F]

A184D506.wmf

Drive from the lens & mirror motor [A] is transmitted to the timing belt [B] on which the lens unit [C] is clamped. The lens position is changed to provide the proper optical distance between the lens and the drum surface corresponding to the selected reproduction ratio. The home position of the lens is detected by the home position sensor [D]. The main board keeps track of the lens position based on the number of pulses sent to the lens motor.

Detailed

Descriptions

Drive from the lens & mirror motor is also transmitted to the 4th/5th mirror drive cam [E]. As the lens unit position is changed, the cam rotates to change the 4th/5th mirror [F] position to provide proper the focal distance between the lens and the drum.

2-7

Page 19

OPTICS 4 July 1996

3.4 AUTOMATIC IMAGE DENSITY SENSOR

[A]

A184D525.wmf

sampled area

A184D529.wmf

The auto ID sensor [A], a photodiode, is mounted on the upper front frame. The sensor cover has a hole in it to allow light to fall directly onto the sensor.

Sampling starts 6 millimeters from the leading edge of the original and continues for 11.5 millimeters from the leading edge of original in full size mode. These lengths "a" and "b" will vary depending on the selected reproduction ratio (A184 copier only). The lengths "a" and "b" for each reproduction ratio are calculated as follows:

The photosensor circuit converts the light intensity to a voltage. The detected voltage is amplified and sent to the main board. If less light is reflected from the original (the image is darker), the sensor outputs a lower voltage. The CPU compares the maximum detected voltage with the standard voltage and compensates the copy image density by changing the development bias voltage.

2-8

Page 20

4 July 1996 OPTICS

3.5 EXPOSURE LAMP VOLTAGE CONTROL

The main board controls the exposure lamp voltage through the ac drive/dc power supply board.

The exposure lamp voltage is determined by the following factors:

Lamp Voltage =Base Lamp Voltage Setting (SP48)

Image Density Adjustment Factor (SP34)

Manual Image Density Setting Factor (SP35)

Correction Factor (SP62)

Reproduction Ratio Correction Factor

1) Base Lamp Voltage Setting

Detailed

Descriptions

The lamp voltage is determined by the SP48 setting. Base Lamp Voltage = SP48 setting x 0.5 (120 V machines)

SP48 setting x 1.0 (230 V machines)

The default setting is: 137 = 68.5 V (120 V machines)

128 = 128 V (230 V machines)

The current lamp voltage can be viewed with SP 51.

2) Image Density Adjustment Factor (SP34) Depending on the SP34 setting, the development bias and the exposure

lamp data are increased or decreased for both ADS and manual ID modes.

SP34 Setting Setting Dev. Bias Exposure Lamp

0Normal0 0 1 Light –40 V 0 2 Dark +40 V 0 3 Lighter –40 V +3 step s 4 Darker +40 V –3 steps 5 Lightest –40 V +7 steps 6 Darkest +40 V –7 st eps

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Page 21

OPTICS 4 July 1996

3) Manual Image Density Setting Factor Depending on the manual image density setting on the operation panel, the

exposure lamp voltage is changed as shown in the table below:

Manual ID Level 1 2 ADS (3) 4 5

Base Development Bias Voltage (Volts)

Manual Image Setting Factor (Volts)

–200 –200 (–200) –200

– 6 steps

(SP35)

– 3 steps V

V0: Base lamp voltag e set t ing ( SP48)

V0 + 3 steps V0 + 7 steps

LighterDarker

–240

(SP36)

1 step = 0.5 V (120 V machines) or 1.0 V (230 V machines) The manual setting factor for ID level 1 can be changed using SP35.

SP35 Setting Image Adjustment at ID Level 1

0 –6 steps 1 –8 steps 2 –10 steps

4) VL Correction Factor The light intensity may decrease because of dust accumulated on the optics

parts. Additionally, the drum sensitivity gradually decreases during the drum’s life. This may cause dirty background on copies. To compensate this, V

correction is done. The exposure lamp voltage is increased by +1.0 V (230 V machines), or

+0.5 V (120 V machines) at the set copy count interval. The table below shows the relationship between the SP setting and the interval.

SP62 Setting VL Correction Interval

0 1 step/1500 copies 1 1 step/1000 copies 2 1 step/2000 copies 3 1 step/500 copies 4 1 step/2500 copies 5 1 step/250 copies 6 1 step/3000 copies 7 1 step/4000 copies 8 No Correction

(Default setting: 0)

2-10

Page 22

4 July 1996 OPTICS

5) Reproduction Ratio Correction Factor The exposure lamp voltage is increased depending on the selected

magnification ratio in order to compensate for the change in concentration of light on the drum.

Magnification Ratio Reproduction Ratio Correction Factor

70% to 72% +4 steps 73% to 78% +2 steps 79% to 119% 0 120% to 129% +4 st eps 130% to 141% +8 st eps

Detailed

Descriptions

2-11

Page 23

ERASE 4 July 1996

4. ERASE

4.1 OVERVIEW

abcdefg abcdefgh

[A]

A184D507.wmf

A184D508.wmf

The erase lamp [A], which is installed in the upper unit, consists of a single row of LEDs extended across the full width of the drum. The erase lamp has the following functions: leading edge erase, side erase (A184 copier only), and trail edge erase.

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Page 24

4 July 1996 ERASE

4.2 LEAD EDGE ERASE

The entire line of LEDs turn on when the main motor turns on. They stay on until the erase margin slightly overlaps the lead edge of the original image area on the drum (Lead Edge Erase Margin). This prevents the shadow of the original edge from being developed on the copy. At this point, side erase starts (A184 copier only). The width of the leading erase margin can be adjusted using SP41.

4.3 SIDE ERASE (A184 COPIER ONLY)

Based on the reproduction ratio, the LEDs turn on in blocks (labeled "a" - "h" on the previous page). This reduces toner consumption and drum cleaning load.

The CPU determines which blocks to turn on based on the selected reproduction ratio as follows:

Reproduction Ratio (%) Blocks ON

70 to 72 a - g

73 and 74 a - f

75 to 77 a - e 78 and 79 a - d 80 and 81 a - c

82 to 84 a - b

85 to 141 a

Detailed

Descriptions

4.4 TRAILING EDGE ERASE

This minimizes toner consumption. The entire line of LEDs turns on after the trailing edge of the latent image has

passed 10 mm from the erase lamp. The length of the latent image is determined by the paper length which is checked by the registration sensor. The LEDs stay on to erase the leading edge of the latent image in the next copy cycle. After the final copy, the erase lamps turn off at the same time as the main moto r .

2-13

Page 25

DEVELOPMENT 4 July 1996

5. DEVELOPMENT

5.1 OVERVIEW

[C]

[D]

[A]

[E]

[B]

A184D509.wmf

When the main motor turns on, the development roller [A] and two agitators [B] and [C] start turning.

There are permanent magnets in the development roller which attract the developer (which is about 50 µm in diameter) to the roller. The turning sleeve of the development roller carries the developer past the doctor blade [D] which trims the developer to the desired thickness.

The development roller sleeve continues to turn, carrying the developer to the drum [E]. When the developer brush contacts the drum surface, the negatively charged areas of the drum surface attract and hold the positively charged toner. In this way, the latent image is developed.

The development roller is given a suitable negative bias for preventing toner from being attracted to the non-image areas on the drum which may have a residual negative charge. The bias also controls image density.

2-14

Page 26

4 July 1996 DEVELOPMENT

5.2 DRIVE MECHANISM

[B]

[C]

Detailed

Descriptions

[A]

A184D510.wmf

When the main motor [A] turns on, the drive is transmitted to the development roller gear [B] through idle gears. The rotation of the development roller gear is transmitted to the agitator gears [C] through idle gears.

2-15

Page 27

DEVELOPMENT 4 July 1996

5.3 CROSS-MIXING

[B]

[D]

[C]

[A]

A184D511.wmf

A cross-mixing mechanism is used to keep the toner and developer evenly mixed. It also helps agitate the developer to prevent developer clumps from forming and helps create the triboelectric charge.

Two agitators (helical coils) [A] and [B] are used for the cross-mixing. The 1st agitator [A] moves the developer from left to right. The toner supplied from the cutout in the toner cartridge holder is mixed with the developer by the 1st agitator. The 2nd agitator [B] rotates in the opposite direction and moves the developer back from right to left. In this way, the developer is evenly distributed in the development unit.

The magnets in the development roller [C] attract the developer, and the development roller sleeve rotates to carry the developer to the drum. The doctor blade [D] trims the developer on the development roller to the desired thickness.

2-16

Page 28

4 July 1996 DEVELOPMENT

5.4 DEVELOPMENT BIAS FOR IMAGE DENSITY CONTROL

The image density is controlled by changing two items: the amount of bias voltage applied to the development roller sleeve, and the amount of voltage applied to the exposure lamp.

Applying a bias voltage to the development sleeve reduces the potential between the development roller and the drum, thereby reducing the amount of toner transferred. As the bias voltage becomes greater, the copy becomes lighter.

The method of control depends on whether the image density is manually selected or auto image density is used.

The development bias voltage applied to the development roller sleeve has the following factors:

Development bias voltage = Base bias voltage factor

(Manual ID level 5: SP 36)

+ Image density adjustment factor (SP34)

+ Drum residual voltage (V

) correction factor

Detailed

Descriptions

The base bias voltage for non-image areas (between copies) is –200 volts. The above correction factors are also applied.

NOTE:

SP34 (Image Density Adjustment) is applied for both ADS and manual ID modes. SP36 is for manual ID level 5 only.

5.4.1 Base Bias Voltage Factor In Manual Image Density Mode

Manual ID Level 1 2 ADS (3) 4 5

Base Bias Voltage (Volts)

Base Exposure Lamp Voltage (Volts)

–200 –200 (–200) –200

– 6 steps

(SP35)

– 6 steps V

V0 + 3 steps V0 + 7 steps

: Depends on the setting of SP48

–240

(SP36)

The base voltage applied at each ID level is shown in the above table. Normally, notch 3 is used for the ADS mode. If SP mode 19 is changed from 0 to 1, ADS mode is disabled and notch 3 is used for the center setting of the manual ID level. The base exposure lamp voltage also varies depending on the manual ID level as shown.

2-17

Page 29

DEVELOPMENT 4 July 1996

Adjustment factor for manual ID level 5 (SP36)

The base bias voltage at manual ID level 5 can be changed using SP36 as follows:

Image Density SP36 Setting

Normal 0 –40

Lighter 1 –80

Lightest 2 –120

Base Bias Voltage Change for Level 5

(Volts)

(Default setting: 0)

5.4.2 Base Bias Voltage Factor In Automatic Image Density (ADS) Mode

In ADS mode, the base exposure lamp voltage is fixed at V

(this value is

determined by SP48). Image density is controlled by changing only the base bias voltage.

The base bias voltage for ADS mode depends on the background image density of the original which is measured by the ADS sensor. (See page 2-8 for more information about the ADS sensor).

The CPU checks the voltage output from the automatic ID circuit. This circuit has a peak hold function. The peak hold voltage corresponds to the maximum reflectivity of the original. The CPU then determines the proper base bias level with reference to the peak hold voltage.

The table below shows the relationship between the original background density (ADS voltage ratio) and the base bias voltage.

Base Bias Voltage

α =

ADS0

ADS Voltage Ratio [α] (%)

80 to 100 (light) –200 V

75 to 79 –240 V 70 to 74 –280 V 60 to 69 –320 V 29 to 59 –360 V

0 to 28 (dark) –380 V

ADS0

+ (Total VL Correction Steps so far + Reproduction Cor rect ion St eps) x 0.5

: ADS Reference Voltage

ADS Output Voltage

2-18

Page 30

4 July 1996 DEVELOPMENT

5.4.3 Image Density Adjustment Factor

Using SP 34, the base bias voltage and the exposure lamp data can be increased or decreased for both ADS mode and all manual ID levels as follows:

SP34 Setting Setting Dev. Bias Exposure Lamp

0Normal0 0 1 Light –40 V 0 2Dark+40 V0 3 Lighter –40 V +3 steps 4 Darker +40 V –3 steps 5 Lightest –40 V +7 steps 6 Darkest +40 V –7 steps

(Default setting: 0)

5.4.4 Dru m Residual Voltage (VR) Correction Factor

Detailed

Descriptions

During the drum’s life, drum residual voltage (V

) will gradually increase. To

compensate for this, the bias voltage is increased by –10 V every 5 k copies. The V

correction is done up to 20 k copies. The VR correction will not

change after 20 k copies.

2-19

Page 31

DEVELOPMENT 4 July 1996

5.5 DEVELOPMENT BIAS CIRCUIT

24 V

GND

CT Trigger

B PWM

CN123-4

CN123-3

CN123-2

CN123-1

CN1-1

CN1-2

CN1-3

CN1-4

DC/DC

Inverter

DC/DC

Inverter

Zener Diode

High Voltage Supply Board-CT/B/G

Ω

3 M

620 V

Drum

To Drum GND

A184D503-2.wmf

The main board supplies +24 volts to the high voltage supply board at CN1-1. When the Start key is pressed, the CPU starts sending the bias trigger pulses to CN1-4. This energizes the development bias circuit within the high voltage supply board which applies a high negative voltage to the development roller. The development bias is applied whenever the drum is rotating.

2-20

Page 32

4 July 1996 TONER SUPPLY

6. TONER SUPPLY

6.1 TONER SUPPLY MECHANISM

[D]

[C]

[B]

[H]

[G]

Detailed

Descriptions

[J]

[I]

[A]

[F]

[K]

[E]

A184D512.wmf

When the toner bottle [A] is set and the lever [B] is pushed down, the chuck [C] pulls out the cap [D], and the toner bottle is opened.

While the TD (toner density) sensor detects enough toner in the developer, the toner supply clutch [E] is off, and the main motor drive is not transmitted to the gear [F]. When the TD sensor detects a low toner condition, the toner supply clutch is energized and the drive is transmitted to the gear [G] through idle gears. The gear [G] drives the toner bottle gear [H], and the toner bottle rotates in the direction of the arrow.

The toner bottle has a spiral groove that helps move toner to the toner bottle opening [I]. Then the toner is carried up to the opening [J] of the toner bottle holder by the rotating fins [K], to be supplied into the development unit.

2-21

Page 33

TONER SUPPLY 4 July 1996

6.2 TONER DENSITY DETECTION

[A]

[B]

A184D511-2.wmf

A toner density sensor (TD sensor) [A] is used for toner density control. The TD sensor is located under the 1st agitator [B]. The developer being

conveyed by the 1st agitator passes over the top of the sensor. As the toner in the developer is consumed during development, the toner to carrier ratio changes resulting in a change in the magnetic permeability of the developer. This in turn is converted to a corresponding voltage. The CPU monitors the voltage to control the toner supply mechanism.

When a new imaging unit is installed, the machine starts idling for developer initialization. During the developer initialization, the CPU adjusts the TD sensor control voltage so that the TD sensor outputs 1.9 ± 0.1 volts for the toner to carrier ratio of new developer (4.0% by weight). This voltage is used as the standard TD sensor voltage.

2-22

Page 34

4 July 1996 TONER SUPPLY

6.3 TONER SUPPLY CONTROL

6.3.1 Modes Available

SP30

Setting

3 4

Toner Supply

Mode

Detect Supply Mode

Fixed Supply Mode None Fixed

Target Toner

Sensor Voltage

Depends on the initial TD sensor setting.

Depends on SP53. Depends on the

Depends on the initial TD sensor setting.

Depends on SP53. Fix ed

Toner Supply

Depends on the TD sensor output .

TD sensor output . Fixed

Toner Near/End

Amount

Detection



 

Default setting: 0

Depending on the SP30 setting, Detect Supply mode or Fixed Supply mode is selected. If 0, 1, 2, or 3 is selected in SP30, Detect Supply mode is used. If 4 is selected, Fixed Supply mode is used. Note that when 2, 3, or 4 is selected, the machine will not perform the toner near/end detection. Normally, SP30 should always be kept at the default setting. The following pages describes in detail of each toner supply mode settings.

Detailed

Descriptions

6.3.2 Detect Supply Mode

In Detect Supply mode, the CPU monitors the TD sensor voltage, which depends on the toner to carrier ratio in the developer. As the toner in the developer is consumed, the TD sensor output voltage increases.

The TD sensor voltage is compared with the standard voltage (known as the Target Toner Sensor Voltage), and toner is supplied when the TD sensor output is higher than this target voltage.

The machine has two ways of calculating the target toner sensor voltage; the method used depends on SP30. The toner supply amount can also be changed using SP31 or 32.

2-23

Page 35

TONER SUPPLY 4 July 1996

1) Target Toner Sensor Voltage – Method 1 –

Normally (if 0 or 2 is selected in SP30) the voltage is determined by the following factors:

Target Toner Sensor Voltage (V

) = Initial Developer Setting Voltage (VT0)

Toner Density Adjustment Factor

a) Initial Developer Setting Voltage (V

)

This voltage is adjusted to 1.9 ± 0.1 V during the developer initialization (refer to section 6.2).

b) Toner Density Adjustment Factor The target toner density can be changed by customers or service engineers

using SP mode 38 or user tool No. 4.

SP 38 Setting

0 0 Normal 0 1 1 Higher –S x 1/2 2 2 Lower +S x 1/2 3 Highest –S 4 Lowest +S

User Tool 4

Setting

Toner Density

S: TD Sensor Sensitivity (SP24) Default: Normal

Toner Density

Adjustment Factor (β)

The sensor sensitivity is stored in SP24. TD Sensor Sensitivity (S) [V/wt%] = Change of TD sensor output [V]/Change of toner density [wt%] = SP24 setting x 0.05 [V] (Default: SP24 = 8)

– Method 2 –

If 1 or 3 is selected in SP30, the setting of SP53 is used as the target toner sensor voltage. In this case, the target toner sensor voltage is determined by the following formula:

Target Toner Sensor Voltage = SP53 setting x 0.02 [V] (Default: 97 = 1.94 V)

2-24

Page 36

4 July 1996 TONER SUPPLY

2) Toner Supply Am oun t – Method 1 –

Normally (if 0 or 1 is selected in SP30), the toner supply amount is determined by the difference between the TD sensor voltage (V target toner sensor voltage (V

). The following table shows the relationship

) and the

between the sensor output and the toner supply clutch on time for each copy.

Toner Supply Level TD Sensor Voltage Level [VT] Toner Supply Clutch On Time

1 2 3 4 5 6 (Near End Level) 7 (Toner End Level)

< VT ≤ VTS + S/16

+ S/16 < VT ≤ VTS + S/8

+ S/8 < VT ≤ VTS + S/4

VTS + S/4 < VT ≤ VTS + S/2 V

+ S/2 < VT ≤ VTS + 4S/5

≥ VTS + 4S/5

VT ≥ VTS + S

The toner supply time step "t" can be changed using SP31. t = SP31 setting x 0.1 [second] (Default: 1 = 0.1 se cond) S: TD Sensor Sensitivity (SP24)

t 2 x t 4 x t 8 x t

13 x t 16 x t 16 x t

Detailed

Descriptions

In the toner supply level 6 and 7, after a copy job is finished, the main motor continuously rotates, and the toner supply clutch is energized intermittently for T seconds (repeatedly 2 seconds on and 2 seconds off during this T-second interval).

The interval "T " can be changed using SP23.

– Method 2 –

If 2 or 3 is selected in SP30, a fixed amount of toner is supplied when the TD sensor voltage becomes higher than the target toner sensor voltage. The amount of toner can be selected using SP32.

SP32 Setting

00.3 3.5

10.6 7

21.2 15

32.4 30

43.6 45

54.8 60

7 0 (No toner supply) 0

Example: Set SP32 to 2 if the customer’s originals are typical ly 15% bl ac k.

Toner Supply Clutch On Time

(seconds)

Stays on until the TD se nsor voltage becomes lower than the target voltage.

Corresponding image area ratio

(%)

2-25

Page 37

TONER SUPPLY 4 July 1996

6.3.3 Fixed Supp ly Mode

If 4 is selected in SP30, the TD sensor is not used for toner supply control. A fixed amount of toner is supplied at every copy cycle. The toner supply amount is determined by the SP32 setting.

6.3.4 TD Sensor Check and Toner Supply Timing

During every copy cycle, the TD sensor voltage is monitored for three seconds after the machine starts developing the image on the drum. The CPU checks the voltage every 40 ms and stores the second highest voltage of every 250 ms period. Then the stored voltages during the three seconds are averaged, and the average is used as the TD sensor value for the copy. The toner supply clutch on time for detect supply mode using TD sensor output depends on this value.

If the machine determines that toner needs to be added, the toner supply clutch turns on just after the trailing edge of the copy paper passes the transfer corona unit. If the copy paper is shorter than A4/LT size, the clutch is energized for 3 seconds after the machine starts developing the latent image.

6.3.5 Abnormal Condition in Toner Densi t y De tect ion

If the calculated value of the TD sensor goes below 0.2 volts, the CPU determines that the toner density detection is abnormal. The CPU changes from the detect supply mode to the fixed supply mode. At the same time, either the Auto ID indicator or the selected manual ID level starts blinking, and the machine can be operated. Under this condition, the machine will not perform the toner end detection.

If the value recovers above 0.2 volts, or the main switch is turned off and on, this condition is canceled and the toner density detection will recover to the previous settings.

2-26

Page 38

4 July 1996 TONER SUPPLY

6.4 TONER END CONDITION

6.4.1 Toner Near End

If the CPU detects toner supply level 6 (V

≥ VTS + 4S/5) five times

consecutively, the toner end indicator blinks and the machine goes to the toner near end condition. In this condition, the toner supply clutch is energized for 16t seconds for every copy. If a toner sensor voltage lower than V

+ 4S/5 is detected twice consecutively during the copy cycle, the

machine recovers from the toner near end condition. (As explained before, t depends on SP31.)

If the toner sensor voltage does not recover from level 6 during the copy cycle, the main motor continuously rotates after the copy job is finished, and the toner supply clutch is energized intermittently for T seconds (T can be changed using SP23). The CPU monitors the TD sensor voltage during this T seconds. If the toner sensor voltage returns to level 5 or less in this period, the machine recovers from the toner near end condition and the main motor stops.

6.4.2 To ner End

If TD sensor level 6 is detected, the machine supplies toner for T seconds after the copy job is finished. During this T seconds, if the CPU detects TD sensor level 7 (V

≥ VTS + S) three times consecutively, a toner end

condition is detected and copier operation is disabled.

Detailed

Descriptions

If the toner sensor voltage stays in level 6 during the T seconds, the machine keeps the toner near end condition and 50 more copies can be made. After 50 copies, the toner end indicator lights and copying is disabled.

6.4.3 To ner End Recover y

If the main switch is turned off and on, or the upper unit is opened and closed during a toner end condition, the main motor turns on and the toner supply clutch is intermittently energized. If the TD sensor voltage does not recover from level 7 within 40 seconds, the machine stops, keeping the toner end condition. If the TD sensor voltage level recovers to level 6 or less in this period, the toner supply clutch on time is reduced and the main motor continuously rotates for 40 seconds to evenly distribute toner inside the development unit. The on/off timing of the clutch is set using SP25 and 26. (These settings should not be changed.)

2-27

Page 39

IMAGE TRANSFER 4 July 1996

7. IMAGE TRANSFER

7.1 OVERALL

[A]

A184D513.wmf

A high negative voltage (approximately –6 kV) is applied to the transfer corona wire [A], and the corona wire generates negative ions. These negative ions are applied to the back side of the copy paper. This negative charge forces the paper against the drum and attracts the positively charged toner onto the paper.

2-28

Page 40

4 July 1996 IMAGE TRANSFER

7.2 TRANSFER CORONA CIRCUIT

24 V

GND

CT Trigger

B PWM

CN123-4

CN123-3

CN123-2

CN123-1

CN1-1

CN1-2

CN1-3

CN1-4

DC/DC

Inverter

DC/DC

Inverter

Zener Diode

High Voltage Supply Board-CT/B/G

Ω

3 M

620 V

Drum

To Drum GND

Detailed

Descriptions

A184D503-3.wmf]

The terminal which applies high negative voltage to the transfer corona is the same as the terminal for the charge corona. So when the CPU drops CN123-2 from +24 V to 0 V, both the transfer corona and charge corona are applied to the drum at the same time. To apply the proper transfer current to the drum, the transfer corona casing is connected to ground through a varistor. This keeps the potential of the casing at –620 volts to prevent excess corona current from flowing into the casing.

2-29

Page 41

DRUM CLEANING 4 July 1996

8. DRUM CLEANING

8.1 OVERVIEW

[A]

A184D514.wmf

A counter blade system is used for drum cleaning. The cleaning blade [A] scrapes off any toner remaining on the drum after the image is transferred to the paper.

The removed toner is transported into the developer to be recycled.

2-30

Page 42

4 July 1996 DRUM CLEANING

8.2 TONER RECYCLING MECHANISM

[A]

[B]

Detailed

Descriptions

A184D515.wmf

The toner removed from the drum falls onto the toner collection coil [A]. The drum gear rotation is directly transmitted to the gear of the toner collection coil.

As the coil rotates, the toner moves from left to right to be transported to the toner recycling belt [B]. The paddles of the belt, which is driven by the toner collection coil shaft, transports the toner into the developer, and the toner is recycled.

2-31

Page 43

QUENCHING 4 July 1996

9. QUENCHING

[A]

A184D507-2.wmf

In preparation for the next copy cycle, light from the quenching lamp (QL) [A], which is installed in the upper unit, neutralizes any charge remaining on the drum.

LEDs are used for quenching and the lamp is turned on whenever the main motor rotates.

2-32

Page 44

4 July 1996 PAPER FEED AND REGISTRATION

10. PAPER FEED AND REGISTRATION

10.1 OVERVIEW

[C]

[D]

[E]

[A]

A184D516.wmf

This copier has one paper feed station and a by-pass feed table. The paper feed station uses a paper tray [A] which can hold 250 sheets. The

by-pass feed table [B] can hold 1 sheet. The paper tray uses two semicircular feed rollers [C] and a corner separator.

The semicircular feed rollers make one rotation to drive the top sheet of the paper stack to the relay rollers [D].

[B]

Detailed

Descriptions

The paper tray has two corner separators, which allow only one sheet to feed. They also serve to hold the paper stack.

If a sheet of paper is set on the by-pass feed table, the registration sensor [E] is actuated and the machine goes to by-pass feed mode.

2-33

Page 45

PAPER FEED AND REGISTRATION 4 July 1996

10.2 PAPER FEED MECHANISM

[D]

[C]

[A]

[E]

A184D517.wmf

[B]

[F]

A184D518.wmf

Through several gears, main motor rotation is transmitted to the paper feed clutch gear [A]. The rotation of the paper feed clutch gear is transmitted to the relay roller gear [B] through an idle gear.

After the Start key is pressed, the solenoid [C] of the paper feed clutch is energized to release the stopper [D], and the rotation of the relay roller gear is transmitted to the feed roller shaft [E]. The solenoid stays on for 250 milliseconds and then turns off. The feed rollers stop when they complete one rotation.

Before the feed rollers stop, the leading edge of the paper is caught by the relay rollers [F].

2-34

Page 46

4 July 1996 PAPER FEED AND REGISTRATION

10.3 REGISTRATION MECHANISM

[A]

[B]

Detailed

Descriptions

[C]

A184D524.wmf

The relay rollers always rotate while the main motor rotates. They transport the paper to the registration roller [A]. The registration roller is also driven by the main motor through idle gears.

There is a paper stopper [B] between the relay roller and the registration roller. After the leading edge of the paper reaches the stopper, a small buckle is made between the relay roller and the registration roller. 2.7 seconds after the paper feed clutch is turned on, the registration solenoid [C] is energized to release the stopper, synchronizing the paper feeding with the image on the drum.

After 0.5 second, the registration solenoid is de-energized. The registration sensor detects paper length and paper end.

2-35

Page 47

PAPER FEED AND REGISTRATION 4 July 1996

10.4 BY-PASS FEED

[C] [B]

[A]

[D]

A184D522.wmf

If a sheet of paper is inserted in the by-pass feed table [A], the registration sensor [B] is actuated and the machine goes to by-pass feed mode. 500 milliseconds after the registration sensor is actuated, the main motor turns on for 222 milliseconds to drive the relay roller [C] to catch the leading edge of the paper. After the Start key is pressed, the main motor starts again to transport the paper to the registration roller [D]. The registration solenoid is energized 1912 milliseconds after the main motor started rotating.

2-36

Page 48

4 July 1996 PAPER FEED AND REGISTRATION

10.5 PAPER FEED AND MISFEED DETECTION TIMING

Start Key

Main Motor

Paper Feed Clutch

Registration Sensor

Registration Solenoid

Exit Sensor

0.1

1.5

Paper Length Detection

ON Check

2.7 3.2

5.7

OFF Check

(1)



5.7

ON Check

(2)



(second)

10.3



A184D527.wmf

Detailed

Descriptions

(3)

The registration sensor and the exit sensor are used for misfeed detection. If the CPU detects a misfeed, the Check Paper Path or the Add Paper indicator turns on.

When the main switch is turned on, the CPU checks these sensors for initial misfeed.

During the copy cycle, the CPU performs four kinds of misfeed detection: PE : Checks whether the registration sensor is actuated within 1.5 seconds

after the Start key is pressed. Since this machine has no indicator or sensor to detect paper end, the PE indicator is lit in the paper end condition as well.

(1): Checks whether the copy paper has passed through the registration



sensor 5.7 seconds after the Start key is pressed.

(2): Checks whether the exit sensor is actuated within 5.7 seconds after



the Start key is pressed.

(3): Checks whether the copy paper has passed through the exit sensor



10.3 seconds after the Start key is pressed.

2-37

Page 49

IMAGE FUSING 4 July 1996

11. IMAGE FUSING

11.1 OVERVIEW

[C]

[A]

[E]

[D]

[F]

[B]

A184D520.wmf

After the image is transferred, the copy paper enters the fusing unit. The image is fused to the copy paper by the process of heat and pressure through the use of a hot roller [A] and pressure roller [B].

The CPU monitors the hot roller temperature through a thermistor [C] which is in contact with the hot roller surface. A thermofuse [D] protects the fusing unit from overheating.

The hot roller strippers [E] separate the copy paper from the hot roller and direct it to the exit rollers. The exit sensor [F] monitors the progress of the copy paper through the fusing unit and acts as a misfeed detector. The exit rollers drive the copy paper to the copy tray.

2-38

Page 50

4 July 1996 IMAGE FUSIN G

11.2 FUSING DRIVE MECHANISM

[B]

[A]

[C]

Detailed

Descriptions

A184D521.wmf

[C]

[E]

[D]

A184D523.wmf

The main motor [A] drive is transmitted to the hot roller [B] through idle gears. The hot roller always rotates while the main motor rotates. While the upper unit is open, the pressure roller [C] is not in contact with the hot roller. This enables easy misfed paper removal at the fusing area.

When the upper unit is closed, the pressure roller is pushed up by the arms [D]. The two springs [E] apply the proper fusing pressure between the hot roller and the pressure roller.

2-39

Page 51

IMAGE FUSING 4 July 1996

11.3 FUSING LAMP CONTROL

The CPU monitors the temperature of the hot roller surface using a thermistor. The fusing lamp is turned on and off to keep the hot roller surface at the target temperature. The target temperature depends on the machine condition as follows:

Machine Condition

After the main switch is turned on, unti l one minute has pas t after the fusing temperature reaches 170°C.

After the above time per iod

During copying After copying is fini shed

Fusing Lamp

ON/OFF Threshold

185°C

150°C

185°C 150°C

2-40

A184D528.wmf

Remarks

After the fusing temper at ur e reaches 170°C (ready temperature), the fus ing l am p is kept on until it reaches 185°C.

When the Start key is pressed, the red indicator bl i nks and copying starts after the fusing temperature reaches 170°C.

Page 52

4 July 1996 IMAGE FUSIN G

When the main switch is turned on, the CPU turns on the fusing lamp. When the fusing thermistor detects 170°C, the machine enters the ready condition. After the ready temperature is detected, the CPU keeps the fusing temperature at 185°C for one minute, then the target temperature is changed to 150°C.

When the Start key is pressed, if the fusing temperature is higher than 170°C, the machine starts copying immediately. If the temperature is lower, the fusing lamp is turned on and the red start indicator blinks. Copying starts after the fusing temperature reaches 170°C, and the fusing temperature is controlled at 185°C during copying.

After copying is finished, the fusing temperature is controlled at 150°C. To prevent any copy quality problem caused by exposure lamp intensity

fluctuation, the fusing lamp does not turn on while the exposure lamp is on, even if the fusing temperature drops below 185°C.

Detailed

Descriptions

2-41

Page 53

IMAGE FUSING 4 July 1996

11.4 FUSING LAMP CONTROL CIRCUIT

11.4.1 Overview

CN121-10

Trigger Pulse

24 V

0 V

Main Board

CN121-11 5 V

CN121-8

24 V

CN121-7

CN404-2

PC2

CN404-3

FU1

T402 T401

AC Power Source

T408

T407

T405

T406

T404

T403

AC Drive/DC Power

Supply Board

Fusing

Thermistor

Fusing Lamp

Main Switch

Interlock Switch

A184D519.wmf

The main board monitors the fusing temperature through a thermistor. It uses the zero cross signal generated by the ac drive/dc power supply board to control the applied power accurately.

Normally, the voltage applied to the lamp is the full duty cycle of the ac waveform. However, through SP29, fusing power can be set to phase control mode. (Phase control is used only if the customer has a problem with electrical noise or interference.)

2-42

Page 54

4 July 1996 IMAGE FUSIN G

11.4.2 On/Off Control

When the main switch is turned on, the main board starts to output a trigger pulse, which has the same timing as the zero cross signal, to the ac drive/dc power supply board. This trigger pulse allows maximum ac power to be applied to the fusing lamp. When the operating temperature is reached, the CPU stops outputting the trigger pulse (the trigger stays HIGH) and the fusing lamp turns off.

11.4.3 Phase Control Mode

Detailed

Descriptions

A184D526.wmf

The main board sends the fusing lamp trigger pulse (LOW active) to the ac drive/dc power supply board, which provides ac power to the fusing lamp at the falling edge of each trigger pulse. The trigger pulse goes HIGH when the main board receives the zero cross signal.

The amount of time that power is applied to the fusing lamp depends on the temperature of the hot roller.

The trigger pulse (LOW part) is wider [C1] and power is supplied for longer [D1] when the hot roller temperature is lower. It is narrower [C2] and power is supplied for a shorter time [D2] when the hot roller is near the operating temperature.

2-43

Page 55

IMAGE FUSING 4 July 1996

11.4.4 Over heat Protection

There is an overheat protection circuit in the main board. If the hot roller temperature reaches 230°C, the resistance of the thermistor (between CN121-10 and CN121-11) becomes too low. If the main board detects this condition, "E-53" lights on the operation panel and power to the fusing lamp is cut.

Even if the thermistor overheat protection fails, the thermofuse opens when it reaches 169°C, removing power from the fusing lamp.

2-44

Page 56

SECTION 3

INSTALLATION

Page 57

4 July 1996 INSTALLATION REQUIR EM ENTS

1. INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS

1.1 ENVIRONMENT

1. Temperature Range: 10°C to 30°C (50°F to 87°F)

2. Humidity Range: 15% to 90% RH

3. Ambient Illumination: Less than 1,500 lux (Do not exposure to direct sunlight.)

4. Ventilation: Minimum space 20 m Room air should turn over at least 3 times per hour

5. Ambient Dust: Less than 0.15 mg/m

(4 x 10-3 oz/yd3)

6. If the place of installation is air-conditioned or heated, do not place the

machine: a) Where it will not be subjected to sudden temperature changes. b) Where it will not be directly exposed to cool air from an air-conditioner. c) Where it will not be directly exposed to heat from a heater.

7. Do not place the machine where it will be exposed to corrosive gasses.

8. Do not install the machine at any location over 2,000 m (6,500 feet)

above sea level.

9. Place the copier on a strong and level base.

10. Do not place the machine where it may be subjected to strong vibrations.

1.2 MACHINE LEVEL

1. Front to back: Within 3 mm (0.12") of level

2. Right to left: Within 3 mm (0.12") of level

Installation

3-1

Page 58

INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS 4 July 1996

1.3 MINIMUM SPACE REQUIREMENTS

Place the copier near the power source, providing clearance as shown:

20 cm [7.8"]

40 cm [15.6"]

A184I516.wmf

1.4 POWER REQUIR EME NTS

1. Input voltage level: 120 V/60 Hz: More than 10 A 220 ~ 240 V, 50/60 Hz: More than 6 A

2. Permissible voltage

fluctuation:

3. Do not set anything on the power cord.

NOTE:

a) Make sure the plug is firmly inserted in the outlet. b) Avoid multi-wiring.

10%

3-2

Page 59

4 July 1996 INSTALLATION

2. INSTALLATION

2.1 ACCESSORY CHECK

Check the quantity and condition of the accessories in the box against the following list:

1. Imaging Unit

2. Paper Feed Tray

3. Error Code Decal - English

4. Error Code Decal - Multi-language (-10, -22, -26, -27 machines)

5. Operating Instructions - English (-10, -17, -22, -26, -29, -57 machines)

6. Operating Instructions - Spanish (-17, -22, -26, -57 machines)

7. Operating Instructions - German (-26 machines)

8. Operating Instructions - French (-26 machines)

9. Operating Instructions - Italian (-26 machines)

10. Operating Instructions - Portuguese (-57 machines)

11. Model Name Decal (-10, -22, machines)

12. NECR - English (-57 machines)

13. NECR - Multi-language (-27, -29 machines)

14. Warranty Card (-17 machines)

15. User Registration Card (-17 machines)

Installation

3-3

Page 60

INSTALLATION 4 July 1996

2.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

[B]

[C]

A184I500.wmf

[A]

A184I503.wmf

[D]

A184I501.wmf

A184I506.wmf

1. Remove the tape securing the platen cover, copy tray and power cord.

2. Open the platen cover and remove the two scanner locking pins [A] from

both sides of the exposure glass.

NOTE:

Save the lock pins for future shipping use.

3. Take off the tape covering the screw and remove the knob screw [B] and

red tag [C] as shown.

NOTE:

Save the knob screw for future shipping use.

4. Open the top unit and remove the 4th/5th mirror lock tool [D].

NOTE:

Save the shipping retainer for future shipping use.

3-4

Page 61

4 July 1996 INSTALLATION

[A]

[C]

A184I508.wmf

A184I510.wmf

[B]

Installation

A184I509.wmf

5. Take out the imaging unit from the cardboard box. Then remove the

protective sheet and the tape fixing the lever.

NOTE:

1) Do not touch the drum surface with bare hands.

2) Do not expose the drum to direct sunlight.

6. Remove the paper [A] from the inside of the copier (this paper contains

the installation procedure for the imaging unit).

7. Fit the imaging unit onto both hinges [B], as shown. Then, set the unit on

the guide plate, as shown.

8. Pull out horizontally and remove the tape [C] inside the imaging unit, as

shown.

3-5

Page 62

INSTALLATION 4 July 1996

[A]

A184I512.wmf

[C]

[B]

A184I513.wmf

A184I514.wmf

9. Shake the toner bottle [A] well 5 or 6 times.

10. Remove the black cap [B] from the toner bottle.

NOTE:

Remove the black cap carefully so as not to spill any toner.

11. Open the lever [C] and put the cap side of the toner bottle under the lever.

12. Push the other side of the toner bottle in until it locks in position.

13. Close the lever [C].

14. Close the top unit.

3-6

Page 63

4 July 1996 INSTALLATION

[A]

[B]

A184I502.wmf

Installation

[C]

A184I511.wmf

A184I507.wmf

15. Take out the paper cassette from the clear wrapper and remove the tape

stuck on the center of the cassette. Then remove the two pieces of cardboard beside the side guides.

16. Change the end plate [A] for the paper size the customer requests.

17. Load paper and set the paper cassette in the machine.

18. Paste the Error Code decal [B] next to the exposure glass if needed.

19. Put the cord clamp [C] in the hole that is opposite side of the entrance of

the cord, if necessary.

20. Insert the power plug and turn the main switch on.

NOTE:

When the main switch is turned on, the machine automatically starts developer initialization.

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SECTION 4

SERVICE TABLES

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4 July 1996 SERVICE REMARKS

1. SERVICE REMARKS

1.1 GENERAL CAUTIONS

1. To prevent physical injury, keep hands away from the mechanical drive

components when the main switch is on (especially during the warm-up cycle). If the Start key is pressed before the copier finishes the warm-up cycle, the Start indicator starts blinking and the copier starts making copies as soon as the warm-up cycle is completed.

2. Before disassembling or assembling any parts of the copier, make sure

that the power cord is unplugged.

3. To avoid possible injury or machine damage, always hold the upper unit

firmly with your other hand when opening the upper unit.

4. Keep all the shipping retainers for future shipping use.

1.2 IMAGING UNIT

1. Always make sure of the following when removing the imaging unit from

the copier.

Do not touch the drum surface with bare hands. When the drum

•

surface is touched with fingers or becomes dirty, wipe it with a dry cloth.

Place the imaging unit on a clean and level place. Take care not to

•

scratch the drum from under the unit as there is no cover to protect it. Cover the imaging unit with sheets of paper to prevent the drum from

•

being exposed to light. Do not turn the imaging unit upside down. Toner and developer may

•

fall out from the unit.

2. Always cover the imaging unit with sheets of paper when the upper unit is

opened.

3. Never use alcohol to clean the drum; alcohol dissolves the drum surface.

4. Take care not to scratch the drum as the photoconductive layer is thin

and is easily damaged.

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Service

5. Never expose the drum to corrosive gases such as ammonia gas.

6. When placing the imaging unit onto the copier, do not push it down

forcibely. This unit is set only to put it on the guide plate. (The imaging unit is shaky if you push it — this is not a problem.)

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SERVICE REMARKS 4 July 1996

7. Do not touch the charge corona wire and the grid plate with bare hands.

Oil stains may cause uneven image density on copies.

8. Clean the charge corona wire by sliding the wire cleaning tool from right

to left.

9. Clean the charge grid with a blower brush (not with a cloth).

10. Be careful not to damage the edge of the cleaning blade.

11. After installing a new cleaning blade, be sure to apply setting powder

evenly on the surface and edge of the blade.

1.3 OPTICS

1. Clean the exposure glass with glass cleaner and a dry cloth to reduce the

amount of static electricity on the glass surface.

2. Only use a clean soft cloth to clean the mirrors and reflectors.

3. Only use a blower brush to clean the 6th mirror and the lens.

4. Do not touch the following parts with bare hands:

a) Reflectors b) Exposure Lamp c) Mirrors and Lens

5. Do not change the cutout position of the reflectors as they are adjusted at

the factory.

6. Always replac e the 1st scanner unit as an assembly, as the matching of

each set of exposure lamp and reflectors is performed at the factory.

7. Whenever cleaning the optics, all the following actions must be done in

order. a) Optics cleaning

b) SP95 (V

Correction Reset) c) SP48 (Light Intensity Adjustment) – see the SP mode table for details d) SP56 (ADS Reference Voltage Adjustment) – see the SP mode table

for details

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4 July 1996 SERVICE REMARKS

1.4 TRANSFER CORONA

1. Clean the corona wire by sliding the wire cleaning tool from right to left.

1.5 FUSING UNIT

1. Be careful not to damage the edges of the hot roller strippers or their tension springs.

2. Do not touch the fusing lamp with bare hands.

3. Make sure that both fusing lamp insulators are properly set in the holders.

4. The two C-rings securing the hot roller are not interchangeable. Make sure to place them properly when reinstalling. For more details, see section 6 (Replacements and Adjustments).

1.6 PAPER FEED

1. Do not touch the feed rollers with bare hands.

2. The side fences and the end fence of the paper tray should be positioned correctly so that they securely hold the paper. Otherwise, paper misfeeds

1/2

may occur. Also when using 8

" x 14" paper, make sure that the trailing

edges of the paper are under the two guides of the cassette.

3. Avoid storing paper for a long time. At high temperature and high humidity, or at low temperature and low humidity, store paper in a plastic bag. This is especially important to decrease the amount of curls or waves that would lead to paper misfeeds.

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SERVICE REMARKS 4 July 1996

1.7 OTHERS

1. When replacing the main board, remove the EEPROM (IC106) from the old main board and place it on the new main board. Then install the new main board in the copier.

2. After installing a new main board with a new EEPROM (IC106), the Clear All Memory (SP99) procedure must be performed. (Do not perform SP99 if you have placed the old EEPROM on the new main board.)

3. Never perform SP99 (Clear All Memory) except for the following two cases:

a) When the copier malfunctions due to a damaged EEPROM. b) When replacing the EEPROM.

4. Whenever SP99 (Clear All Memory) is performed, the imaging unit must be replaced with a new one. Otherwise, copy quality might be seriously affected.

5. Tighten securel y the screws used for grounding the following PCBs when reinstalling them.

Main Control Board

•

Scanner Drive Board

•

AC Drive/DC Power Supply Board

•

High Voltage Supply Board-CT/B/G

•

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4 July 1996 PROGRAM MODE S

2. PROGRAM MODES

2.1 BASIC OPERATION

1. Component

This copier is equipped with two program modes. One is the Service Program (SP) Mode for factory and field technician usage, and the other is the User Program (UP) mode for user usage. Both program modes have a different access procedure, but all the UP mode functions can be accessed from the SP mode.

To be able to reset a service call (E5) condition using SP mode, the SP mode can be accessed while the error condition exists. The error code will not be displayed in the copy counter during these conditions.

2. Operation

To access these program modes, a certain key must be held down while turning on the main switch. After accessing, select the required mode number and perform the necessary procedures needed for that function. It is possible to move on to the next required mode without exiting each time.

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To leave from these modes, turn the main switch off/on.

3. Display

To achieve the same operation for the two models (A183 and A184), the Magnification Ratio display, the +Zoom key and the –Zoom key are not used. To display and to distinguish various conditions using the copy counter, the appearance of the copy counter and the dot (•) which appears in the top left corner of the Copy Counter is different.

When the to

accept a program mode number

displayed when you input it.) When the

machine is ready to the current adjustment value.

Copy Counter is bl i nki ng

Copy Counter stops bli nki ng

accept an adjustment value

, and the

. (The program mode number is

dot is lit

, and the

, the machine is ready

dot starts blinking

, and it may be displaying

, the

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PROGRAM MODES 4 July 1996

4. Notes

With the exception of SP57, all copies made inside the program modes are made with ID level 3 (center value).

2. Since the Darker/Lighter keys are used during the program modes, image density cannot be changed using the Darker/Lighter keys while in the program modes.

3. Since the Copy Counter is used to display the adjustment values and data, the copy counter can not be displayed.

2.2 SP MODE

1. Service Program Mode Access Procedure

1. Turn off the main switch.

2. While pressing the Darker key and the Clear/Stop key together, turn on the main switch.

3. A dot (•) will appear in the top left corner of the Copy Counter.

4. Release the Darker key and the Clear/Stop key, and within 5 seconds, press the Lighter key (if not pressed within 5 seconds, the machine will return to the copy mode). The copier is ready to accept the program number.

NOTE:

To access the UP mode, turn on the main switch while pressing the Clear/Stop key.

2. How to Select the Program Number

1. By using the Increase or Decrease Quantity ("+" or "–") keys, enter the required program number. At this point, the Copy Counter will be blinking, and the dot (•) will be lit.

2. When the Lighter key is pressed, the number which is currently blinking in the Copy Counter will be entered as the selected program number.

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4 July 1996 PROGRAM MODE S

3. Changing the Value of an SP Mode

1. Enter the desired value or setting using the Increase or Decrease Quantity ("+" or "–") key. For some modes, since the Copy Counter has only 2 digits, the first digit is displayed in the Manual Image Density indicator as shown below.

: "1"

For example:

: "2"

Copy Counter

: "252"

: "3"

A184M500.wmf

NOTE:

After changing the value (setting), the previous value (setting) can be recalled again if the Clear/Stop key is pressed at this point.

2. When the Lighter key is pressed, the number which is currently displayed in the Copy Counter will be entered as the new value or setting, and will be stored in memory.

3. The copier is ready to accept the new program number. Repeat from step 1 or leave SP mode by turning the main switch off/on.

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PROGRAM MODES 4 July 1996

2.3 SP MODE QUICK REFERENCE TABLE

SP Mode

No.

Function

SP Mode

No.

Function

3 Destination Setting *48 Ligh t Intensity Adjustment 4 Forced Start 49 Fusing Temperat ur e Adjustment

Free Run with Exposure Lamp Off

Exposure Lamp Volt age Display

6 Misfeed Detecti on Off 52 Fusing Temperature Displ ay 7

Free Run

TD Sensor Target Control

Voltage Adjustment 8 Input Check 54 TD Sensor Gain Adjustme nt 9 Output Check 55 TD Sensor Output Display

Scanner Free Run

ADS Reference Voltage

Adjustment

11 All Indicators On 57 ADS Output Voltage Display 14 Auto Shut Off Time Setting 59 Optics Temperatur e Di sp l ay

Auto Reset Time Setting

Count Up/Down Selection

19 Function of Manual ID Level 3 62 V

Drum Potential Measurement

(With Paper)

Drum Potential Measurement

(Without Paper)

Correction Interval

21 A4 Lengthwise Erase Selection 63 Forced Toner Supply

Total Toner Supply On Time During Toner Nea r/E nd Condition

Correction Value

24 TD Sensor Sensitivity Setting 66 Imaging Unit Check Mode 25

Toner Supply ON Tim e Dur i ng Toner Near/End Recovery

Toner Supply OFF Time Durin g Toner Near/End Recovery

Fusing Temper ature Control Selection

TD Sensor Initial Output Display

Imaging Unit Counter Display

Auto Shut Off (Energy Star)

Selection

30 Toner Supply Mode Selection 81 Factory Initialization 31

Toner Supply Amoun t (TD Sensor Mode)

Toner Supply Amoun t (Fixed Supply Mode )

Data Communication

Total Copy Counter Display

34 Image Density Adjustment 90 Factory Data and Counter Clear 35

Image Adjustment at ID Level 1

Image Bias Adjustment at ID Level 5

38 Toner Density Adjustment 95 V

*41

Lead Edge Erase Margin Adjustment

Optics Cooling Fa n O per at i on

(120 V (NA) machines only)

Imaging Unit Initialization

Selection

Correction Reset

Toner E nd Force C ancel

*42 Registration Adjustment 97 Service Call (E5) Reset *43 Vertical Magnification Adjustment 98 Total Counter Clear

*44

Horizontal Magnification Adjustment

Clear All Memory

* Items Listed On The Factory Setting Data Sheet

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4 July 1996 PROGRAM MODE S

2.4 UP MODE AND SP MODE CROSS REFERENCE TABLE

UP Mode No. SP Mode No. Function

1 34 Image Density Adjustment 2 35 Image Adjustment at ID Level 1 3 3 6 Image Bias Adjustment at ID Level 5 4 38 Toner Density Adj ust m en t 5 14 Auto Shut Off Time Setting 6 15 Auto Reset Time Setting 7 16 Count Up/Down Selection 8 88 Total Copy Counter Display 9 69 Imaging Unit Co unter D i splay

10 62 V

Correction Interval

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PROGRAM MODES 4 July 1996

2.5 SERVICE PROGRAM MODE TABLE

1. In the

2. In the

Function

Settings

column, comments (extra information) are in italics.

column, the default value is printed in bold letters.

3. If there is a mark in the Mode No. column, copies can be made within this SP Mode.

Mode No. Function Settings

Destination Setting

Forced Start Selects whether forced start i s on or of f.

Free Run with Exposure Lamp Off

Misfeed Detection Off

The setting can be ch anged depending on the paper size being use d.

No. Measurement

0— — — 1Inch UP

2Metric UP

Copy Count

(SP16 Setting)

Factory setting for 120 V copie r s

Factory setting for 230 V copie r s

This mode does not have any relationship to the electrical powe r su ppl y. The erase and mag ni f icat i on ratio mechanis m is chan ged. For example , by changing this mode, North America n (inch size) machines can use metric size paper for normal usage.

Copy quality and pa per transport are not gua ra nt eed.

If forced start is switched on, the copier enters the ready conditi on ev en i f the fus i ng tem perature has not reached the required value yet.

Perform thi s mode

using blank originals only.

A free run is performed without exposure. This mode can be performed before the fusing unit reaches the ready temperatur e. Press the Start key to start the f re e ru n. Pres s the C/S key to stop the free run.

This mode is performed with the normal copy process for LG paper siz e w ith out th e paper feed clutch , exposure lamp, and total counter increme nt . Normally, use SP7 to save toner.

Copies are mad e wi th out m i sf eed d et ect ion by the registration and exit sensors. Press the Start key to make a copy. It stops when reaching the set count, or when the C/S key is pressed.

Use this mode to check whether the paper misfeed was caused by a sensor malfunction.

The total counter incr ements when copie s ar e made in this mode.

Defau lt = 0

Note

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4 July 1996 PROGRAM MODE S

Mode No. Function Settings

Free Run Performs a free run with t he ex posure lamp on. Press

the Start key to start the free run. Press the C/S key to stop the free run.

This mode is performed with the normal copy process for LG paper siz e w ith out th e paper feed clutch an d total counter increment.

Before startin g, clo se t he pl at en cover to minimize toner consumption.

Input Check The Manual Ima ge Density indicator is used to

display the input dat a f ro m the sens or s w hil e m aking a normal copy. Press the Start key to perform this mode.

Sensor Manual ID Level Indication Display: Condition

Registration ID Level 1 ON: Paper Present

Exit ID Lev e l 2 ON: Pa pe r Pre s en t

—ID Level 3 — Scanner HP ID Level 4 ON: Home Position *Lens/Mirror

ID Level 5

ON: Actuator inside sensor

*A184 copier only

Output Check Use to turn on individu al electrical compo nen ts .

Enter the desired num b er gi ven in the following t able. Press the Start key to turn on the elec tri ca l component. Pres s th e C/S ke y to turn of f the el ect r ical component.

Component

No.

3 Erase Lamp All LEDs on 4 Toner Supply Clutch 5 Registration Solenoid 6 Paper Feed Clutch

7 8 Optics Cooling Fan

Electrical Component Note

Main Motor + Quenching Lamp + Exhaust Fan Motor (High Speed)

Charge Corona + Transfer Corona + Development Bias Voltag e

Main Switch Main switch will turn

Exposure Lamp + Optics Cooling Fan

Exhaust Fan Motor (High Speed)

Dev. bias is the standard voltage fo r manual ID level 3 without c orrections.

off when performed.

Standard voltage for manual ID level 3 without c orrections.

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PROGRAM MODES 4 July 1996

Mode No. Function Settings

Scanner Free Run

Starts a scanner free run.

Press the Start key to star t the fre e ru n. Pres s th e C/S key to stop the free run.

All IndicatorsONTurns on all the ind i cator s on the operation panel for

30 seconds. It will turn off automatically after 30 seconds.

To turn off the indi cators, press the Li ghter key.

Auto Shut Off Time Setting

Selects the auto shut off time in 5 minute steps. 0: 5 min.

The copier mai n swi t ch is shut off automatic all y af ter the selected auto shut off time if SP77 is at "0".

1: 10 min.

2: 15 min. 3: 20 min. 4: 25 min. 5: 30 min.

Auto Reset

Time Setting

Count Up/Down Selection

Function of Manual ID Level 3

A4 Lengthwise Erase Selection

Total Toner Supply On Time During

Toner Near/End Condition

Selects an auto reset tim e of 1 or 3 min ut es, or cancels this m ode.

Selects count up or coun t do w n.

The default settin g depends on the setti ng of SP3. The setting can be cha nged after SP3 is set, but if the setting of SP3 is chan ged again, the SP16 setting will also change accordingly.

Specifies wheth er the cent er not ch of the manual density indicat or is used as the ADS function , or as the manual ID level 3.

This mode is used to pe rfor m th e li ght int ensity adjustment of th e cop y quality adjustme nt . Always change the setting to 1 at this time, in order to achieve the cente r of th e m anual image dens ity le vel to adjust the standa rd copy qual i ty. D o not forg et to change it back to 0 afte r adjustment.

Selects the trailing edge erase timing to A4 lengthwise on a m achine in which the set ti ng of SP3 (Destination Setting) is set to 1 (inch).

Set th is to 1 fo r customer s that takes co p ies of A 4 paper occasionally without changing the magnification ratio.

Selects the toner sup pl y clutch on time perfor m ed after every copy job under the toner near/e nd condition.

0: 1 min.

1: 3 min. 2: None

0: Up

1: Down

0: ADS

1: Manual ID Level 3

0: LT

1: A4

0: 5 s.

1: 10 s.

2: 15 s. 3: 20 s. 4: 25 s. 5: 30 s.

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4 July 1996 PROGRAM MODE S

Mode No. Function Settings

TD Sens or

Adjusts the sensitivity of the TD sensor.

Defau lt = 8

Sensitivity Setting

SP Setting Sensitivity (V/wt%) Note

10.05

20.10

↓↓

70.35 8 0.40 Default

90.45 10 0.50 11 0.55

↓↓

19 0.95 20 1.00

0.05 per step

The toner supply clutch on time and/o r the t oner density are changed by this setting. See "Det ai led Descriptions - Toner Supply Control" for more details.

Toner Supply ON Time During Toner

Near/End Recovery

Toner Supply OFF Time During Toner

Near/End Recovery

Fusing Temperature

Control Selection

The ON/OFF movement of the toner supply clutch is changed after the TD sens or vol t age level recover s t o level 6 or less. This mo de changes the ON time.

(0.1 second per step [range: 0 to 4 seconds])

Normally, this value shou ld not be cha nged.

The ON/OFF movement of the toner supply clutch is changed after the TD sens or vol t age level recover s t o level 6 or less. This mo de changes the OFF tim e.

(0.1 second per step [range: 0 to 4 seconds])

Normally, this value shou ld not be cha nged.

Selects the fusing temperature control mode.

After selecting the control mode and turning the main switch off/on, th e fu si ng temperature control mode i s changed.

0 ~ 40

Defau lt = 7

0 ~ 40

Defau lt = 33

0: ON/OFF control

1: Phase control

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PROGRAM MODES 4 July 1996

Mode No. Function Settings

Toner Supply Mode

Selects the toner supply system.

Normally, this value should not be cha nged.

Defau lt = 0

Selection

Setting

Toner Supply System Note

Detect supply mode using

the initial TD sensor setting.

Detect supply mode using

the target TD sensor voltage set with SP53.

Detect supply mode (fixed

amount ) usi ng the init i al TD sensor setting.

Detect supply mode (fixed amount ) usi ng the targ et

TD sensor voltage set with SP53.

Fixed supply mode. Use only in abnormal TD

Default

sensor conditions.

Toner Supply Amount (TD Sensor Mode)

Toner Supply Amount (Fixed Supply Mode)

See SP31/SP32 for the toner supp l y amount.

Determines how much toner is supplied in detect supply mode.

Select the base unit for toner supply time from 0.1 s to 5.0 s in 0.1 s steps. The m ul t ipl e of thi s unit th at is used depends on current TD sensor output. See "Detailed Descriptions-Toner Supply Control" for more details.

Determines how much toner is supplied in fixed supply mode and in detect supply (fixed amount) mode. For example, if the user nor m all y makes copies of A4 originals that ar e about 7% black, select the 7% setting for best results.

Setting

0 3.5% 0.3 s Default 1 7.0% 0.6 s 2 15% 1.2 s 3 30% 2.4 s 4 45% 3.6 s 5 60% 4.8 s

6— 7 0% 0 No toner supply

Ratio Supply Time Note

∞

Continuous supply

1 ~ 50

Defau lt = 1 (0.1 s)

0 ~ 7

Defau lt =0

See "Detailed Descriptions-Toner Supply Control" for more details.

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4 July 1996 PROGRAM MODE S

Mode No. Function Settings

Image Density Adjustment

Selects the image density level in ADS and ma nua l ID mode. The developm ent bi as and the exposure l am p da ta are increased or decr eased. This adjust m ent af fect s ADS mode and all manual I D settin gs.

0: Normal

1: Light 2: Dark 3: Lighter 4: Darker 5: Lightest 6: Darkest

SP Setting Setting Dev. Bias Exposure Lamp

0 Normal 0 0 1 Light –40 V 0 2 Dark +40 V 0 3 Lighter –40 V +3 steps 4 Darker +40 V –3 steps 5 Lightest –40 V +7 steps 6 Darkest +40 V –7 steps

The exposure la m p set ti ng specifies the chan ge relative to the base exposure lamp vo l ta ge ( Vo) in SP48, 1 step of the lamp vol t age equals 0.5 V for 120 V (NA), and 1.0 V for 230 V (EU) machin es.

Image Adjustment at ID Level 1

Image Bias Adjustment at ID Level 5

Toner Density Adjustment

Lead Edge Erase Margin

Adjustment

Adjusts the image density at ID level 1 by changing the exposure lamp voltage.

SP Setting Setting

0 Normal –6 steps Defaul t 1 Da rker – 8 steps 2 Darkest –10 steps

Exposure

Lamp

Note

This setting speci fi es the change relative to the base exposure lamp vo l ta ge Vo ( SP48) . 1 step of the lam p voltage equals 0.5 V for 120 V (NA), and 1.0 V fo r 230 V (EU) machines.

Adjusts the development bias voltage used at ID level 5

0: Bias –40 V 1: Bias –80 V 2: Bias –120 V

Adjusts copy qual i ty by changing the toner concentratio n insi de the developm ent unit .

Adjusts the lead edge erase margin. 0 ~ 15

0.5 mm per step (–4.0 mm to +3.5 mm). See "Replaceme nt and Adjustment - Copy Qual i ty Adjustment" for details.

0: Normal

1: Darker 2: Darkest

0: Normal

1: Lighter 2: Lightest

0: Normal

1: Darker 2: Lighter 3: Darkest 4: Lightest

Defau lt = 8

(2.5 mm from the leading edge)

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PROGRAM MODES 4 July 1996

Mode No. Function Settings

Registration Adjustment

Adjusts the registr at i on. 0 ~ 15

0.5 mm per step (–4.0 mm to +3.5 mm). See

Defau lt = 8

"Replacemen t an d Adj us tment - Copy Qualit y Adjustment" for details.

Vertical Magnification

Adjustment

Adjusts magnification in the paper trav el dir ect i on by changing the scanner speed.

0.2% per step (–3.2% to +3.0% ) . See "Repl a cem ent

0 ~ 31

Defau lt = 16

and Adjustment - Copy Quality Adjustment" for details.

Horizontal Magnification Adjustment

(A184 copier only)

Light Intensity Adjustment

Adjusts magnification perpend i cular to the direction of paper travel, by cha ngi ng the home positi on of the lens and mirrors.

0.2% per step (–3.2% to +3.0% ) . See "Repl a cem ent and Adjustment - Copy Quality Adjustment" for details.

Adjusts the exposure lamp voltage.

SP Setting

100 50.0 100 101 50.5 101 102 51.0 102

↓↓ ↓

150 75.0 150

↓↓ ↓

180 90.0 180 Max

↓↓

193 96.5 — 194 97.0 Max —

120 V (NA) Versio n 230 V (EU) Version

Lamp Volt age (V)

—

0 ~ 31

Defau lt = 16

120 V Machines 100~194 Default = 137

230 V Machines 100~180 Default = 128

Fusing Temperature

Adjustment

Before performing this mode, clea n th e opti cs and clear t he V

correction (SP95). Open SP34 and r etur n the setting to the norm a l value if it has been changed. Then adjust the li ght int ensity using an OS-A4 Test Chart with the plat en co ver pl aced over it. After adjusting the light intensity, adjust the ADS Reference Voltage Adjustment (SP56). See "Replaceme nt and Adjustment - Copy Quality" for details on how to do this adjustment.

Adjusts the control temperature of the hot roller during copying.

175°C to 195°C in 1°C steps.

4-16

175 ~ 195°C

Default=185°C

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4 July 1996 PROGRAM MODE S

Mode No. Function Settings

Exposure Lamp Voltage Display

Displays the current exposure lamp voltage. For 120V machines, the actual appli ed voltage = disp l ayed value/2

The exposure la m p tu rn s on f or 10 sec onds when this

0 ~ 225 V

mode is selected. D o not re pea t mor e t han 5 times, to avoid overhea tin g th e opt ics cavity.

The Manual Image Density indicator is used to display the first digit.

Fusing Temperature Display

Displays the fusing temperature detected by the fusing therm ist or . Press the Start key to monit or th e te m per atur e during the normal copy cycle.

The Manual Image Density indicator is used to display the first digit.

TD Sens or Target Control

Voltage Adjustment

TD Sens or Gain

Adjustment

If the setting of SP30 (Toner Supply Mode Selection ) is 1 or 3, this value is used for th e TD sensor target voltage.

When the TD Sensor initial setting is performed, this mode is adjusted automatically .

Normally, this value shou ld not be cha nged.

1 ~ 200

Defau lt = 97 (0.02 V per step)

0 ~ 255

Defau lt = 153 (0.04 V per step)

Tables

Service

TD Sens or Output Display

ADS Reference Voltage Adjustment

ADS Output Voltage Display

Displays the TD sensor output voltage. Press the Start key to monit or th e out pu t vo l ta ge during the norm al copy cycle. The output voltage will display "0" when this mode is accessed after turn i ng on the main switch wi thout making any cop i es.

The Manual Image Density indicator is used to display the first digit.

Adjusts the ADS referen ce voltage.

After adjusting the light intensity (SP48), place 5 sheets of A4 (LT) whi te paper on the exposure gl a ss and select this mo de. Adj us t the AD S volt age to 2.5

0.2 V using VR100 on the m ai n control board.

The Manual Image Density indicator is used to displ ay the first digit.

See "Replacemen t an d Adj us tment -

Copy Quality Adjustment" for details.

Displays the ADS output voltage. Press the Start key to monit or th e out pu t vo l ta ge during the norm al copy cycle.

For only this SP mode, the cop i es ar e m ad e w ith the ADS mode (other SP modes use the manual ID level

The Manual Imag e D ensity indicator is used to

3).

display the first digit.

(0.02 V per step)

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PROGRAM MODES 4 July 1996

Mode No. Function Settings

Optics Temperature

Display

Displays the optics temperature detected by the optics thermi st or .

Press the Start key to monit or th e te m per at ur e du ring the normal copy cycle.

Drum Potential

Measurement

Factory use onl y.

(With Paper) Drum Potential

Measurement

Factory use onl y.

(Without Paper)

Correction

Interval

Sets the interval for VL correction. Th e exposure lamp voltage (SP48) is incr eased by 1 step at the set copy

0 ~ 8

Defau lt = 0

count interval.

SP Setting Exposure Lamp Note

0 +1 step/1500 c opies Default 1 +1 step/1000 c opies 2 +1 step/2000 c opies

3 +1 step/500 copie s 4 +1 step/2500 c opies 5 +1 step/250 copie s 6 +1 step/3000 c opies 7 +1 step/4000 c opies 8 No Correction

Forced Toner Supply

Correction

Value Imaging Unit

Check Mode TD Sens or

Initial Output Display

1 step of the lamp volt age equals 0.5 V for N-American, and 1.0 V for Eur opean machines.

Forces the toner bo ttle t o supply toner to the developmen t un it.

This mode starts when the Start key is pressed, and stops autom atic al ly after th e sel ected time. Use this mode to achieve standard image density when copy qualit y pr oblem s i ndi cate low toner.

Sets the VR correction valu e .

Keep this at the de fault setting .

Factory use onl y.

Displays the TD sensor initial setting output.

The Manual Image Density indicator is used to display the first digit.

0: 6 seconds

1: 3 seconds

Defau lt = 0

(0.02 V per step)

4-18

Page 83

4 July 1996 PROGRAM MODE S

Mode No. Function Settings

Imaging Unit Counter Display

Shows the total number of copies made by the Imaging Unit installed in the machine.

The counter is displayed as shown in the example below. To view the next two digits, pres s th e Dar ker key.

For example: Th e cop y count is 21548

Auto Shut Off (Energy Star)

Selection Factory

Initialization Data

Communicat i on Total Copy

Counter Display

Manual ID Indicator

Selects the "Automatic Shut Off" mode.

Copy Counter

The copier automatically shuts itself off at the auto shut off time selected (SP14).

Factory use onl y.

Displays the total (electrical) copy counter.

The counter is displayed as shown in the example below. To view the next two digits, pres s th e Dar ker key.

0: Yes

1: No

Tables

Service

For example: The t ot al copy count is 1087

Manual ID Indicat or Copy Counter

The mechanical to ta l co unt er and the electrical total counter may not always display the same value, because o f ini tial di fferences in the co unt er values.

4-19

Page 84

PROGRAM MODES 4 July 1996

Mode No. Function Settings

Factory Data

and Counter Clear

Optics Cooling Fan Operatio n:

120 V (NA) machines on l y

Imaging Unit Initialization Selection

Factory use onl y.

Not used. Keep the default se tting. 0: No

1: Yes

For testing purposes only: Selects whether the Imaging Unit initialization procedure is performed when a new Imaging Unit is installed.

0: Yes

1: No

Set this mode to 1 when yo u w is h to chec k th e

copier condition with a new Imaging Unit, without the settings being ch ang ed by the Imaging Unit initialization procedure. After using this mode, do not forget to change t he se tting back to YES. If the setting was not changed before the SP mode was closed, the ID indicator will blink.

Correction

V Reset

Resets the exposu re la m p data and counter for the V correction. To cl ear, enter "1" and pres s th e Li ghter key and the Dark er key at th e sam e time.

0: No

1: Yes

Before performing this mode, clea n th e opti cs par ts . After performing this mo de, do SP48 then SP56. See page 4-2 for detail s.

Toner End Force Cancel

The Toner End condi t ion i s ca nceled forcibly .

By pressing the Light er key to enter this SP mode, the toner end condit ion i s canceled.

Service Call (E5) Conditio n

Reset Total Counter

Clear

Resets a service call (E5) condition.

Turn the main switch off and on to check if the service call condition is reset.

Clears the total (electrical) counter.

Normally, this SP mode should not be performed.

0: No 1: Yes

To clear, enter "1" an d pr ess the Lighter key and t he

Darker key at the same time. To avoid resettin g th e counter by mistake , the co unt er is reset only when the Light er key and the Darker key are pressed at the sa m e tim e .

Clear All Memory

Clears all counters and returns all modes to the default settings. See the C lear All Memory Procedur e in this section for more details.

Normally, this SP mode should not be performed.

This SP mode is require d only when replacing the EEPROM, or when the copier malfunctions due to a damaged EEPROM.

0: No

1: Yes

To clear, enter "1" an d pr ess the Lighter key and t he Darker key at the same time. To avoid resetting the memory by mistake, the memory is res et onl y wh e n th e Lighter key and the Darker key are pr essed at the same tim e.

4-20

Page 85

4 July 1996 PROGRAM MODE S

2.6 CLEAR ALL MEMORY PROCEDURE

CAUTION



The Clear All Memory procedure (SP99) resets all the correction data for copy process control and all the software counters, and returns all modes and adjustments to the default settings. Normally, this SP mode should no t be pe rformed. This procedure is required only when replacing the EEPROM or wh en the copier malfunctio ns due to a dam aged EEPROM.

1. Enter SP99.

2. Enter "1".

3. Press the Darker key and the Lighter key at the same time.

NOTE:

To avoid resetting the memory by mistake, the memory is reset only when the Darker key and the Lighter key are pressed at the same time .

4. Turn the main switch off and on.

– Recovering the machine after a memory reset –

CAUTION



If SP99 is performed, all the software counters for process control and the TD sensor initial setting data are reset. As a result, the old drum and the old developer cannot be used any more. Otherwise, dirty background and/or toner scattering will appear on copies sooner or later because proper process control will not be applied to the drum. After doing SP99, execute the following procedure to return the machine to its normal operating condition.

1. Clean the optics and inside the copier if necessary.

2. Install a new imaging unit and turn on the main switch. (The machine will perform the TD sensor initial setting automatically.)

3. Refer to the "SP MODE FACTORY SETTING DATA" sheet located behind the sub operation panel cover and enter the data that were stored in the following SP modes at the factory.

Tables

Service

SP41: Lead Edge Erase Margin

•

SP42: Registration Adjustment

•

SP43: Vertical Magnification Adjustment

•

SP44: Horizontal Magnification Adjustment

•

SP48: Light Intensity Adjustment

•

4-21

Page 86

PROGRAM MODES 4 July 1996

4. Open SP3 (Destination Setti ng), and enter the setting according to the customer’s environment.

5. Check the copy quality and the paper path and do any necessary adjustment (see Replacement and Adjustment - Copy Quality Adjustments).

4-22

Page 87

4 July 1996 SERVICE TABLES

3. SERVICE TABLES

3.1 TEST POINTS (Main Control Board)

Number Label Monitored Signal

TP101 (T. OUT) Toner density sensor output

3.2 VARIABLE RESISTORS

Number Location Function

VR100

VRT

VRB

VRG High Voltage Supply Board - CT/B/G Changes the charge grid voltage

Main Control Board Change the ADS voltage

(2.5 ± 0.2 volts)

High Voltage Suppl y Boa rd - CT/ B/G Change the charge and transfer

corona voltag e

High Vol tage Su pply Board - CT/B/G Changes the standard devel opment

bias voltage

Tables

Service

4-23

Page 88

SECTION 5

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

Page 89

4 July 1996 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

1. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

1.1 PM TABLE

NOTE:

The amounts mentioned as the PM interval indicate the number of copies.

Symbol key: L: Lubricate R: Replace C: Clean I: Inspect A: Adjust

EM 30 k 60 k 90 k 120 k Notes

Optics

Reflector C C C C Silicone cloth 1st to 5th Mirrors C C C C Silicone cloth 6th Mirror C C C C Blower brush Lens C C C C Blower brush Exposure Glass

Platen Cover Sheet

Scanner Guide Rod LLLLLauna oil Scanner Guide Rail LLLLG501 4th/5th Mirror Guide Rod L G501 (Lubricate if necessary) 4th/5th Mirror Guide Rail LLLLG501

Around Drum

Transfer Corona Unit C C R C R Cleaning tool Transfer Guide Plate C C C C C Cleaning tool End Blocks and Casi ng s C C C C Blower brush or dry cloth Erase Lamp C C C C Blower brush or dry clo th QL C C C C Blower brush or dry cloth

CCCCC

Soft cloth dampened with alcohol or water

Soft cloth dampened with water

Preventive

Maintenance

Paper Feed

Pick-up Roller

Bottom Plate Pad

Relay Roller

Registration Roller

Paper Feed Guide

Fusing

Hot Roller R R Pressure Roller R R Stripper Pawls C C C R Suitable solvent

CCCRC

CCCC

CCCCC

CCCC

5-1

Soft cloth dampened with water

Page 90

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE 4 July 1996

EM 30 k 60 k 90 k 120 k Notes

Fusing Entrance and Exit Guide Plates

Fusing Thermistor C C C C Suitable solvent

Others

ADS

Exit and Registration Sensors

Bearings I I Ozone Filter RRRR

CCCC

Suitable solvent

Adjust when the lamp voltage is changed.

5-2

Page 91

4 July 1996 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

1.2 REGULAR PM PROCEDURE

Every 30 k

Every 60 k

1. Make a copy Change the setting of SP19 from 0 to 1. Then

make a copy of your test chart at manual image density level 3.

2. Optics (every 30 k) 1. Clean the reflector and 1st to 5th mirrors with

a silicone cloth.

2. Clean the 6th mirror and lens with a blower brush.

3. Clean the exposure glass with a soft cloth dampened with alcohol or water.

4. Clear the platen cover sheet with a soft cloth dampened with water.

5. Lubricate the scanner guide rod with Launa oil.

6. Lubricate the scanner guide rail and the 4th/5th mirror guide rail with G501.

3. Around the drum (every 30 k)

Replace the corona wires (every 60 k)

1. Clean the corona wires and the transfer guide plate using the cleaning tool.

2. Clean the end blocks and casings with a blower brush or dry cloth.

3. Clean the erase lamp with a blower brush or dry cloth.

4. Clean the quenching lamp with a blower brush or dry cloth.

Preventive

Maintenance

5-3

Page 92

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE 4 July 1996

4. Paper Feed (every 30 k)

5. Fusing Unit (every 30 k)

1. Clean the pick-up rollers with a soft cloth dampened with water. (Replace at every 90 k.)

2. Clean the bottom plate pad with a soft cloth dampened with water.

3. Clean the relay roller and the registration roller with a soft cloth dampened with water.

4. Clean the paper feed guide with a soft cloth dampened with water.

1. Clean the stripper pawls with a suitable solvent. (Replace at every 120 k.)

2. Clean the fusing entrance and exit guide plates with a suitable solvent.

3. Clean the fusing thermistor with a suitable solvent.

Fusing Unit (every 60 k)

1. Replace the hot roller.

2. Replace the pressure roller.

6. Others (every 30 k) 1. Replace the ozone filter.

2. Inspect the exit and registration sensors.

3. Inspect the bearings.

7. Copy Quality 1. Reset the V

correction (SP95).

2. Make a copy of a test chart at manual image density level 3. Perform the light intensity adjustment (SP48) if necessary.

3. Return the setting of SP19 from 1 to 0.

4. Perform the ADS reference voltage adjustment (SP56).

5-4

Page 93

4 July 1996 SPECIAL TOOLS AND LUBRICANTS

2. SPECIAL TOOLS AND LUBRICANTS

Part Number Description Q’ty

A184 9501 Scanner Positioning Pin (2 pcs/ se t) 1

5214 9500 Test Chart - OS -A4 (10 pcs/set) 1 5442 9103 Launa OIl 1 5203 9501 Silicone Grease G-510 1 5420 9507 Digital Multimeter 1 5442 9101 Setting Powder 1

Preventive

Maintenance

5-5

Page 94

SECTION 6

REPLACEMENT

AND

ADJUSTMENT

Page 95

4 July 1996 EXTERIOR

1. EXTERIOR

1.1 OPERATION PANEL POSITION CHANGE

[B]

[C]

[D]

[A]

A184R500.wmf

1. Remove the operation panel [A] (1 screw and 2 connectors).

2. Connect the 2 connectors [B] and [C].

3. Remove the side cover [D] (1 screw).

4. Install the side cover [D] at the other position (1 screw).

5. Connect the two connectors of the operation panel, then set the operation panel and secure it with the screw removed in step 1.

Replacement

Adjustment

6-1

Page 96

EXTERIOR 4 July 1996

1.2 PLATEN COVER POSITION CHANGE

[B]

[A]

A184R536.wmf

A184R537.w mf

[C]

A184R538.wm f

1. Hold the platen cover [A] as shown and pull it in the direction of the arrow.

2. Remove the two caps [B] from the main body. Then fix the caps over the slots where the platen cover was set.

3. Put one of the hinges [C] into one of the openings in the copier. Then fix the hinge to the platen cover and lean the cover back until it clicks.

4. Attach the other hinge to the platen cover. Hold the platen cover and lower the hinge into the opening. Then push the hinge into the opening with your finger until it locks in position.

6-2

Page 97

4 July 1996 EXTERIOR

1.3 EXTERIOR COVER/EXPOSURE GLASS REMOVAL

[C]

[B]

[A]

[D]

A184R501.wmf

1. Remove the operation panel [A] (1 screw and 2 connectors), side cover [B], and the platen cover.

2. Remove the upper cover [C] (4 screws).

3. Remove the exposure glass [D].

NOTE:

When removing or reinstalling the upper cover, take care not to hook the harness onto the projections inside the cover.

Replacement

Adjustment

6-3

Page 98

EXTERIOR 4 July 1996

1.4 UPPER UNIT STOPPER RELEASE

[C]

[A]

[E]

[G]

[B]

[F]

[D]

[G]

A184R502.wmf

1. Remove the upper cover. (See Exterior Cover/Exposure Glass Removal.)

2. Remove the exposure glass.

3. Release the stopper and open the upper unit [A].

4. Remove the snap ring [B] and remove the pin [C] to release the arm [D].

5. While holding the upper unit, remove the snap ring [E] and release the arm [F] from the pin.

NOTE:

If the upper unit is opened more than 90 degrees, the exterior cover of the lower unit might be damaged.

6. To keep the position of the upper unit, fix the arm [D] to position [G] with the pin and snap ring removed in step 4.

6-4

Page 99

4 July 1996 OPTICS

2. OPTICS

2.1 1ST SCANNER REMOVAL

[E]

[F]

[D]

[C]

[A]

[B]

A184R503.wmf

[G]

A184R504.wmf

[H]

1. Remove the upper cover and the exposure glass. (See Exterior Cover/Exposure Glass Removal.)

2. Slide the 1st scanner [A] about 100 mm towards the direction of the arrow.

NOTE:

Move the 1st scanner by holding the scanner belt [B]. Handling the 1st scanner will deform the frame.

3. Dis connect the connectors [C] and [D] and the clamps.

4. Remove the 1st scanner (2 screws [E]).

- Reinstallation -

1. Set the 1st scanner with 2 screws [E]. (Do not fully tighten the screws.)

2. Slide the 1st scanner to the home position and insert the two positioning pins [F].

NOTE:

Scanner positioning pins are available as a service part. P/N: A184 9501 (See the parts catalog.)

3. Connect the two connectors [G] and [H] and secure the harness to the clamps.

4. Tighten the two screws [E] to secure the 1st scanner.

5. Install the exposure glass and exterior covers. Then, check the image quality.

Replacement

Adjustment

6-5

Page 100

OPTICS 4 July 1996

2.2 2ND MIRROR REPLACEMENT

[D]

[E]

[B]

[C]

[A]

A184R505.wmf

1. Remove the upper cover and the exposure glass. (See Exterior Cover/Exposure Glass Removal.)

2. Slide the 1st scanner about 200 mm from the home position.

NOTE:

Move the 1st scanner by holding the scanner belt. Handling the 1st scanner will deform the frame.

3. Remove the spring plate [A] securing the 2nd mirror [B].

4. Slide the 2nd mirror and remove the spring plate [C].

5. Remove the 2nd mirror.

- Reinstallation -

1. Cut off both ends of the protection sheet covering the new 2nd mirror.

2. Put the ends of the 2nd mirror into the cutouts in the 2nd scanner bracket.

NOTE:

Make sure that the reflecting surface faces the lens.

3. While holding the mirror, set one spring plate [C]. Then set the other spring plate [A].

NOTE:

1) Make sure that the notches [D] in the spring plates are correctly set at position [E].

2) Do not touch the reflecting surface with bare hands.

6-6

Ricoh FT 2012 Service Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICES

DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS

INSTALLATION

SERVICE TABLES

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE