Ricoh FAX2500L SPECIFICATIONS 5600

RICOH FAX5600L

3rd May, 1994

(CGO)

SERVICE MANUAL

3rd May, 1994

DANGER

INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION

WHEN OPEN AVOID DIRECT

EXPOSURE TO BEAM

CAUTION

LASER RADIATION WHEN
OPEN AVOID EXPOSURE
TO BEAM

VORSICHT

UNSICHTBARE LASERSTRAHLUNG,
WENN ABDECKNG GEOFFNET
NICHT DEM STRAHL AUSSETZEN

Lithium Batteries (Memory Back-up)
CAUTION:

The danger of explosion exists if a battery of this type is incorrectly replaced.
Replace only with the same or an equivalent type recommended by the
manufacturer. Discard used batteries in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.

OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION 3rd May, 1994
SPECIFICATIONS

1. OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

1.1. SPECIFICATIONS

Type

Desktop transceiver

Circuit

PSTN, PABX, ISDN (Option)

Connection

Direct couple

Document Size
Length: 105 - 1200 mm [4.1 - 47.2 ins]

Up to 100 m [328 ft] after adjustment

Width: 148 - 304 mm [5.8 - 12.0 ins]
Thickness: 20 lb paper 0.05 to 0.2 mm

[2 to 8 mils]
Manual Feed 0.04 to 0.4 mm
[1.6 to 16 mils]

Document Feed

Automatic feed, face down

ADF Capacity

50 sheets (using 20 lb paper)

Scanning Method

Flat bed, with CCD

Protocol

Group 3 with ECM, Group 4 kit available

Data Rate

G3: 14,400/12,000/9,600/7,200/4,800/2,400
bps; automatic fallback
G4: 64 kbps/56 kbps

I/O Rate

With ECM: 0 ms/line
Without ECM: 2.5, 5, 10, 20, or 40 ms/line

Transmission Time

G3: 6 s at 14,400 bps with ECM for a CCITT
#1 test document (Slerexe letter) using
standard resolution
G4: 3 s at 64 kbps for a ITU - T#1 test docu­ment using detail resoultion.

Printing System

Laser printing, using the Ricoh CS (Compact
Seamless) Engine, plain paper, dry toner

Paper Size
Standard Cassette: Letter, Legal, A4, B4,

A5, B5

Lower Cassette: Letter, Legal, A4, B4

Information

Overall Machine

Maximum Scan Width

296 mm [11.7 ins] ± 1%

Scan Resolution
Main scan: 400dpi / 200 dpi
Sub scan:

Standard 200 x100 dpi
Detail 200 x 200 dpi
Fine 200 x 400 dpi
Super Fine 400 x 400 dpi

Memory Capacity
ECM: 128 kbytes (double buffer)
SAF: Base machine - 1 Mbyte (56 pages),

with optional extra 1 Mbyte or 2 Mbytes
(max 112 or 168 pages respectively), or 40
Mbyte hard disk (1,200 pages total)

Compression

G3: MH, MR, EFC, MMR, SSC
Storage to SAF memory for tx: MH
MMR only with ECM
G4: MH, MR, MMR

Modulation

V.33/V.17 (TCM), V.29 (QAM), V.27ter
(PHM), V.21 (FM)

Maximum Printout Width

250 mm [9.8 ins]

Maximum Printer Resolution
Main scan: 400 dpi
Sub scan: 400 dpi

Power Supply

115 ± 20 Vac, 60 ± 1 Hz

Power Consumption (Base Machine Only)
Standby: 51 W Transmit: 51 W
Receive: 193 W Copying: 282 W

Operating Environment
Temperature: 17 - 28 °C [63 - 82 °F]
Humidity: 40 - 70 %Rh

Dimensions (W x D x H)

516 x 474 x 308 mm [20.3 x 18.7 x 12.1 ins]
Excluding handset, trays, cassettes, and op­tional units

Weight

Approx. 22 kg [48.5 lbs]
Excluding CTM and optional units

1-1

3rd May, 1994 OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

FEATURES

1.2. FEATURES

KEY: O = Used, X = Not Used,

A = With optional memory or hard disk only,
B = With lower cassette only,
C = With Group 4 kit only,
D = With optional handset only
E = With 400dpi page memory only
F = With printer interface only

Equipment

ADF O
Bar code reader X
Built-in handset X
Cabinet X
Connection for ans. machine X
Connection for handset O
Cutter X
Handset (option only) O
Hard disk (option only) O
Magnetic card reader X
Manual feed mechanism O
Marker O
Microphone X
Monitor speaker O
Printer interface option O
Remaining memory indicator O
Speakerphone X

Video Processing Features

Contrast O
Halftone (Basic & Error Diffusion) O
MTF O
Reduction O
Resolution O
Smoothing to 16 x 15.4 l/mm O

Communication Features - Auto

Automatic fallback O
Automatic redialing O
Confidential reception A
Dual Access O
Substitute reception O
Transmission Reserve X

Communication Features -

User Selectable

Action as a transfer broadcaster A
AI Redial O
Alternative Destination X
Answering machine X
Authorized Reception O
Auto-answer delay time X
Auto dialing (pulse or DTMF) O
Auto Document O
Automatic Voice Message X
Auto-note X
Batch Transmission (max 50

batches)
Broadcasting O
Chain Dialing O
Communication Result Display O
Confidential ID Override O
Confidential Transmission O
Direct Fax Number Entry O
Economy Transmission O
Economy Transmission Time O
Forwarding (5 stations) A
Free Polling O
Groups (10 groups) O
Group Transfer Station O
Hold X
ID Transmission Option O
Immediate Redialing O
Immediate transmission O
Keystroke Programs O
Mailbox X
Memory transmission (this is the

default mode)
Multi-step Transfer O
Next Transfer Station C
Notify X
OMR O
On Hook Dial O
Ordering Toner O
Page Count O
Personal Codes O
Personal Codes with Conf ID O
Polling Reception O
Polling Transmission O

O

O

1-2

OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION 3rd May, 1994
FEATURES

Communication Features -

User Selectable

Polling tx file lifetime in the SAF O
Quick Dial (64 stations) O
Reception modes (Fax, Tel,
Reduction O
Remote control features X
Remote Transfer X
Restricted Access (50 codes,

without cards)
Secured Polling O
Secured Polling with Stored ID

Override
Secure Transmission O
Send Later O
Silent ringing detection X
Specified Image Area O
Speed Dial (100 stations) O
Super Fine Resolution

(400 X 400 dpi)
Telephone Directory O
Tonal Signal Transmission O
Transfer Request with Tonal

Signals
Transmission Deadline O
Turnaround Polling X
Two-step Transfer C
Two in one O
Voice Request (immed. tx only) D

Communication Features -

Service Selectable

AI Short Protocol O
Auto-reduction override option O
Busy tone detection O
Closed Network (tx and rx) O
Continuous Polling Reception O
Dedicated tx parameters O
ECM O
EFC O
Inch-mm conversion O
MV1200 compatibility X
Page retransmission O
Page separation mark O
Protection against wrong conn. O
Resol’n stepdown override option X
Short Preamble O
Well log O

Auto) O

Other User Features

Area Code Prefix O
Auto Service Call O
Center mark O
Checkered mark O
Clearing a memory file O
Clearing a polling file O
Clock O

O

O

E

O

Confidential ID O
Copy mode O
Copy Mode Restriction Service
Counters O
Country code O
Destination Check O
Direct entry of names O
File Retention Time O
File Retransmission O
Function Programs O
ID Code O
Label Insertion O
Language Selection O
LCD contrast control Service
Memory Lock A
Memory Lock ID A
Modifying a memory file X
Multi Sort Document Reception A
Multicopy mode A
Power Saver (Night Timer) O
Own telephone number O
Printing a memory file O
RDS on/off O
Reception Mode Switching Timer X
Reception Time (non-memory rx

only)
Remote ID O
Reverse Order Printing A
RTI, TTI, CSI O
Secure ID X
Service Report Transmission O
Speaker volume control O
Specified Cassette Selection B
Substitute reception on/off O
Telephone line type O
TTI on/off O
User Function Keys O
User Parameters O
Wild Cards O

O

Information

Overall Machine

1-3

3rd May, 1994 OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

FEATURES

Reports - Automatic

Charge Control Report X
Communication Failure Report O
Confidential File Report O
Error Report O
Memory Storage Report O
Mode Change Report X
Polling Clear Report O
Polling Reserve Report O
Polling Result Report O
Power Failure Report O
TCR O
Toner Cassette Order Form O
Transfer Result Report O
Transmission Deadline Report O
Transmission Result Report O

Reports - User-initiated

Authorized Reception List O
Charge Control Report X
File List O
Forwarding List A
Group List O
Personal Code List O
Program List O
Quick Dial List O
Specified Cassette Selection List B
Speed Dial List O
TCR O
Transmission Status Report X
User Function List O
User Parameter List O

Service Mode Features

Memory file printout (all files) O
Modem test O
NCU parameters O
Operation panel test O
Printer mechanism test X
Printer test patterns O
Programmable attenuation X
Protocol dump list O
RAM display/rewrite O
RAM dump O
RAM test O
Ringer test X
Scanner lamp test O
Scanner mechanism test O
Sensor initialization X
Serial number O
Service monitor report O
Service station number O
Status Sheet F
System parameter list O
Technical data on the TCR O
Thermal head parameters X
Transmission Status Report X

Memory Files

Max. number of files: 200
Max. number of stations/file: 200
Max. number of stations overall: 500
Max. number of pages overall: 1,200

Service Mode Features

Back-to-back test O
Bit switch programming O
Buzzer test O
Cable equalizer O
Comm. parameter display O
Counter check O
DTMF tone test O
Echo countermeasure O
Error code display O
File Transfer O
Hex Dump List F
LCD contrast adjustment O

1-4

20

23

24

14

19

OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION 3rd May, 1994
COMPONENT LAYOUT

1.3. COMPONENT LAYOUT

1.3.1. Mechanical Components

13

15

16
17

18

21
22

12

11

10

2

6789

45

3

1

32

31

30

Information

Overall Machine

25

26

27

1. R2 Rollers Feed the document through the scanner.

2. Exposure Glass Exposes the original to light from the xenon lamp.

3. R1 Rollers Feed the document through the scanner.

4. Separation Roller Allows one page into the scanner.

5. Document Feed Roller Feeds the document into the scanner.

6. Pick-up Roller Picks up pages of the document from the document
table.

7. Toner Cartridge This supplies toner to the development unit. It is part of
the CTM (Cleaning/Toner Magazine).

8. Charge Corona Unit This applies a charge to the master at the start of the
print cycle.

9. Quenching Lamp This removes excess charge from the master at the end
of the print cycle.

10. Thermistor This measures the temperature in the fusing unit.

11. Hot Roller Heat from this roller fuses the toner to the copy paper.

28

29

1-5

3rd May, 1994 OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

COMPONENT LAYOUT

12. Hot Roller Strippers These take the paper off the hot roller after fusing.

13. Copy Feed-out Rollers These feed the paper out of the printer.

14. Pressure Roller (Fusing) This applies pressure to the paper during the fusing
process.

15. Cleaning Unit/Used Toner

Tank

16. Transfer Corona Unit This applies a charge to the paper to pull the toner off

17. Master Belt Also known as the CS (Compact Seamless) Engine.

18. Registration Roller This carries out the registration process.

19. Registration Sensor This detects when paper is approaching the registration

20. Development Roller This roller applies toner to the latent image on the

21. Toner Supply Bar This feeds toner to the development roller.

22. Toner Mixing Bar This stirs up the toner in the development unit, so that it

23. Upper Relay Rollers These feed paper from the upper cassette into the

24. Lower Relay Rollers These feed paper from the lower cassette into the

25. Lower Paper Feed Roller This feeds paper out of the lower cassette.

26. Lower Paper Separation

Roller

27. Lower Paper Pick-up

Roller

28. Upper Paper Feed Rollers These pick up the top sheet of paper from the stack in

29. Focusing Lens This focuses the laser beam onto the master belt.

30.

Fθ Lenses

31. Hexagonal Mirror This passes the laser beam across the master belt.

32. CCD (Charge Coupled

Device)

This removes excess toner from the master after image
transfer and stores it. It is part of the CTM
(Cleaning/Toner Magazine).

the master and onto the copy paper.

The latent image is written to this organic
photoconductor belt.

roller.

master belt.

does not collect into lumps.

printer.

printer.

This ensures that only one sheet of paper at a time
leaves the lower cassette.

This picks up the top sheet of paper from the stack in
the lower cassette and passes it to the feed roller.

the upper cassette and feed it into the printer.

These ensure that the thickness of the laser beam is
uniform across the main scan.

This converts the light reflected from the document into
an analog video signal.

1-6

567

13

14

OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION 3rd May, 1994
COMPONENT LAYOUT

1.3.2. Drive Components

2

3

4

8

18

17

1

16

15

12

11

10

9

Information

Overall Machine

1-7

19

20

3rd May, 1994 OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

COMPONENT LAYOUT

1. Tx Motor This stepper motor drives the scanner.

2. R2 Roller This feeds the original through the scanner.

3. Toner Supply Motor This dc motor drives the toner supply mechanism.

4. R1 Roller This feeds the original through the scanner.

5. Shutter Drive Gear This ensures that the shutter moves out of the
document feed path at the correct time.

6. Toner Supply Gear (CTM) This ensures the supply of toner from the CTM into the
development unit. It is part of the CTM.

7. Cleaning Brush Drive Gear This drives the cleaning brush in the CTM.

8. Hot Roller This fuses the toner to the copy paper.

9. Copy Feed-out Roller This feeds printouts out of the machine.

10. Pressure Roller This applies pressure to the copy paper in the fusing
unit.

11. Registration Roller Drive

Gear

12. Upper Paper Feed Motor This drives the paper feed mechanism in the upper

13. Development Roller Drive

Gear

14. Upper Paper Feed Roller

Drive Gear

15. OPU Drive Pulley This drives the master belt.

16. Paper Feed Clutch This transfers drive from the upper paper feed motor to

17. Toner Supply Gear

(Development)

18. Main Motor This brushless dc motor drives the master belt, fusing

19. Lower Paper Feed Motor This drives the paper feed mechanism in the lower

20. Lower Paper Feed Clutch This transfers drive from the lower paper feed motor to

This drives the registration roller.

cassette.
This drives the development roller.

This drives the upper paper feed roller.

the upper paper feed mechanism.
This ensures the collection of toner from the CTM, and

its distribution across the full length of the development
unit.

unit, development unit, and cleaning unit.

cassette.

the lower paper feed mechanism.

1-8

16

OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION 3rd May, 1994
COMPONENT LAYOUT

1.3.3. Electrical Components

11

10

12

1

13

9

8

2

3

4

Information

Overall Machine

5

6

7

37

36

34

32

33

31

35

30

29

28

27

26

14

15

25

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

1-9

3rd May, 1994 OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

COMPONENT LAYOUT

Lower Cassette

44

43

42

Name Description No.

PCBs

FCU This board controls the machine. 11
MBU This board contains the system ROM and RAM for storing

system parameters such as bit switch settings and programmed

telephone numbers.
SBU This board contains the CCD. 1
OP-PORT This board controls the operation panel. 37
NCU This board contains relays and switches for interfacing the

machine to the network and the handset.
PSU This board supplies power to the machine. 3
LD Unit This board drives the laser diode. 10
PFU This board controls the lower paper feed unit. 44

MOTORS

Tx Motor This stepper motor drives the scanner. 33
Main Motor This dc motor drives the fusing unit, master belt, development

roller, and cleaning unit.
Upper Paper

Feed Motor
Lower Paper

Feed Motor
Toner Supply

Motor
Hexagonal Mirror

Motor
Ozone Fan This removes ozone-laden air from the vicinity of the master

CLUTCHES

This stepper motor drives the upper paper feed mechanism and

the registration roller.

This stepper motor drives the lower paper feed mechanism. 43

This dc motor drives the toner supply mechanism. 32

This high-speed dc motor drives the hexagonal mirror in the

laser printer optics.

unit, and filters out the ozone.

38

39

40

41

12

31

30

26

13

5

1-10

OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION 3rd May, 1994
COMPONENT LAYOUT

Name Description No.

Upper Paper
Feed Clutch

Lower Paper
Feed Clutch

SENSORS

Document Sensor This detects the presence of a document in the feeder. 36
Scan Line Sensor This detects when a page is approaching the auto shading

Document Width
Sensor

Toner Near-end
Sensor

Upper Paper
Size Detector

Upper Paper End
Sensor

Registration
Sensor

Paper Feed-out
Sensor

Front Cover
Switch

CTM Sensor This detects when a CTM has been installed in the machine. 27
Lower Paper

Size Detector
Lower Paper End

Sensor
Lower Paper

Feed Sensor

INTERLOCK SWITCHES

Front Cover
Interlock
Switches

OTHERS

Speaker This allows the user to listen to the condition of the telephone

Xenon Lamp This lamp illuminates the document. 34
Xenon Lamp

Driver
Charge Corona

and Quenching
Lamp Unit

Transfer Corona
Unit

Varistor This ensures that the charge given to the master by the charge

Marker This stamps a red circle on each page that is successfully fed

This transfers drive from the upper paper feed motor to the

paper feed roller in the upper cassette.

This transfers drive from the lower paper feed motor to the

paper feed roller in the lower cassette.

position.

This detects when a B4-width [10.1"] or A3-width [11.7"]

document has been placed in the feeder.

This detects when the toner has almost run out. 17

This detects the paper size installed in the upper cassette. The

user must install the correct actuator.

This detects when the paper in the upper cassette has run out. 29

This detects when paper has arrived at the registration rollers. 21

This detects when the paper has been fed out of the printer. 24

This detects whether the front cover is open or closed. 23

This detects the paper size installed in the lower cassette. The

user must install the correct actuator.

This detects when the paper in the lower cassette has run out. 38

This sensor detects the presence of paper at the lower paper

feed roller.

If the front cover is open, these interlock switches interrupt the

+5VLD power supply for the laser diode and the +24VD power

supply for the power pack, motors, and other components.

line.

This drives the xenon lamp. 2

The charge corona unit charges the master belt at the start of

the print cycle. The quenching lamp removes excess charge

from the master belt at the end of the print cycle.

This pulls the toner off the master and onto the copy paper. 7

corona wire does not exceed -750 Volts.

through the scanner.

28

42

14

16

25

41

39

19,
20

35

18

9

15

Information

Overall Machine

1-11

3rd May, 1994 OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

COMPONENT LAYOUT

Name Description No.

Power Pack This supplies high voltages to the corona wires and the

development bias terminal.
Fusing Lamp This fuses the toner to the paper. 6
Thermistor This monitors the temperature inside the fusing unit. 8
Thermostat This interrupts the ac power supply to the fusing lamp if the

temperature exceeds 400 °C.
Lower Cassette

Indicator Panel

This contains indicators to show the status of the lower cassette. 40

22

4

1-12

OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION 3rd May, 1994
OVERALL MACHINE CONTROL

1.4. OVERALL MACHINE CONTROL

Xenon Lamp
Stamp
Ozon Fan

CIG4

PMU

ROM

Back up

(SYS)

SRAM

MBU

IC

Card

Eraser
Electrical Clutch

OP-

PORT

Motors

Optional
Counter

Thermistor

Information

Overall Machine

FCU

Page

memory

DRAM

FONT

ROM

or

LDAMP

OPIFOPHDIF

MFCP50

(FCP, LIF, QPCR)

DATA ADDRESS BUS

LDDUTY

LDDR

Back-up

(SAF)

SAF

Comparator

(LDS)

Laser
Diode

VPP50

Sensors

Driver

Video

Processing

memory

SBU

CCD

PWM

Circuit

Monitor

Speaker

MFPD

IOP

Analog Part

R144
EFXL

Comparator

(THRM)

DTMF

Receiver

Analog
Circuit

NCU

Handset

PFU

PSU

HDIF

40MBHDD

PIF

or

RS232C

The cpu on the FCU board controls the machine, as shown in the above
drawing.

There is no modem board in the machine; the modem consists of a chip on
the FCU board that carries out all the analog and digital functions of a fax mo­dem.

1-13

3rd May, 1994 OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

VIDEO DATA PATH

1.5. VIDEO DATA PATH

1.5.1. Transmission

Original

Reference:
Group 3
Facsimile
Manual,
section
1-3-1

Xenon

Lamp

ECM

Memory

Line

Buffer

SAF

Memory

RAM

MBU

FIFO

Video

Processor

The following diagrams show
the data path for this model.

There is no pro­grammable resis-

CCD

Analog Signal

Modem

FCU

Network

(via the NCU)

tor in this model.

CPU

To the

1.5.2. Reception

From the

Network

(via the NCU)

Reference:
Group 3
Facsimile
Manual,
section
1-3-2

Line

Buffer

RAM

MBU

FCU

Memory

SAF

FIFO

Filter

ECM

Memory

Page

Memory

Laser Diode

Modem

CPU

Laser

Interface

Laser Diode

Driver

1-14

Copy Paper

OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION 3rd May, 1994
POWER DISTRIBUTION

1.6. POWER DISTRIBUTION

1.6.1. Distribution Diagram

Lower Paper Feed Motor
Lower Paper Feed Clutch

+24VD

Information

Overall Machine

AC Main

Power

Fusing

Lamp

Front Cover

Interlock Switch

PSU

AC Switching

Circuit

+24V

-12V

+24VS

+24VD

+5V

Scanner
Sensors

+5V

Operation

Panel

+5V

-12V

+24VD

+5V

+5VLD

+24VD

+5V

Regulator

Regulator

PFU

- 12V

+24VS

+5V

+5V
+24VS

FCU

- 5V

+12V

NCU

Sensors and

Indicators

FUSING UNIT

Thermistor

+5V

+5V, +5VD

+5V

SAF Memory

+5V

SBU

+12V

+5V

Printer

Sensors

+5V, +12V

-12V, +24VS
+5V, -12V

+24VS

+5V, +24VS

Memory

Card

MBU

Printer

Interface

CIG4

Hard Disk

Front Cover

Microswitch

+5VLD

LDDR

Laser Diode

+5V

+5V

+24VD

Motors, Clutches, Lamps,
Marker, Power Pack,
Optional counter

Optional

Page Memory

RS-232C

Interface

The laser diode is powered by a special +5V supply, called +5VLD.
There are two +24V power supplies:

• +24VS: This is always on when the main switch is on.

• +24VD: This is interrupted if the front cover interlock switch opens.

There is no +24VD activation signal from the cpu to the PSU.

1-15

3rd May, 1994 OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION

POWER DISTRIBUTION

1.6.2. Memory Back-up Circuit

Reference:

Group 3
Facsimile
Manual,
section 1-4-3,
Circuit type 1

+5V

Voltage

Detector

+24V

[A]

+5V

Switching

Circuit

Regulator

MBU

RAM

1-9

1-7

Battery

Switch

Battery

Switching

Circuit

FCU

CN12-33

CN12-29

Real Time

Clock

CPU

Memory

Monitor

SAF

Memory

[B]

Battery

The battery [A] on the MBU backs up the RAM on the MBU, which contains
system parameters. It also backs up the real time clock in the cpu. This bat­tery is not rechargeable. CN1-7 tells the cpu whether the back-up power
(CN1-9) comes from the battery or from the +5V power supply.

There is no battery switch for the battery on the FCU.
A rechargeable battery [B] on the FCU board backs up the SAF memory and

the real time clock for 1 hour. While the main power is on, the +24V supply re­charges the battery.

If there is data in the SAF memory, the rechargeable battery [B] also backs
up the real time clock, to preserve the MBU battery.

1-16

DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS 3rd May, 1994
SCANNER

2. DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS

2.1. SCANNER

2.1.1. Mechanisms

1. Document Detection

[A]

Document Table

Reference:

Group 3
Facsimile
Manual,
section
2-1-1.

[B]

Descriptions

Detailed Section

• Scanning speed of an A4 document is as follows.

- Standard resolution … 1.5 sec

- Detail resolution … 3.0 sec

- Fine resolution … 6.0 sec

• The scanner is A3-width [11.7"], with a B4 document width detector [A]

and an A3 document width detector [B].

• The scanner contains a xenon lamp.

•

There is a fold-down extension [C] to support long documents.

[C]

2-1

Reference:

Group 3
Facsimile
Manual, section
2-1-1.

3rd May, 1994 DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS

SCANNER

Shutter

[C]

[B]

[A]

In standby mode, tab [A] rests on cam [B]. When the tx motor starts, the mo­tor rotates forwards (white arrows), the cam lifts the tab, and the shutter [C]
rises. After the last page has been fed through the scanner, the tx motor re­verses (black arrows), the cam drops back to the standby position, and the
shutter blocks the scanner path again.

2. Pick-up and Feed

Drive Mechanism

Reference:

Group 3
Facsimile
Manual,
section 2-2-1.

[A]

[B]

[C]

This machine has a Mechanical Clutch Mechanism. The tx motor [A] drives
the feed roller [B] and pick-up roller [C].

Resolution

Standard - Immediate transmission: The tx motor feeds the document at 200 lines per inch.

The video processor executes OR processing to convert the data into 100 lines per inch.
Memory transmission: The motor feeds the document at 100 lines per inch, and no OR proc­essing is needed.
Detail - The tx motor feeds the document at 200 lines per inch. There is no OR processing,
and the data is transmitted at 200 lines per inch.
Fine - The tx motor feeds the document and transmits data at 400 lines per inch. If the other
terminal cannot receive at this resolution, alternate lines of data are deleted, so the effective
resolution of the transmitted data is 200 lines per inch.

2-2

DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS 3rd May, 1994
SCANNER

Jam Conditions

The cpu detects a document jam if one of the following conditions occurs.

•

The scan line sensor does not switch on within 5 s of the tx motor start­ing.

• The scan line sensor does not turn off after the maximum document

length has been fed since it turned on; this is 6 s (standard resolution),
12 s (detail), or 24 s (fine) for a 1.2 m long document.

• The scan line sensor switches on while the document sensor is off.

• The document width sensor switches on while the document sensor is

off.

• The scan line sensor does not turn on within 2 s of the end of stamping,

if the document sensor is on.

Separation

Reference: Group 3 Facsimile Manual, section 2-2-2

Descriptions

Detailed Section

3. Manual Feed

[B]

[A]

The manual feed button [A] lifts the separation roller [B] out of the document
feed path. There is no manual feed switch.

Reference: Group 3 Facsimile Manual, section 2-2-3

2-3

3rd May, 1994 DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS

SCANNER

2.1.2. Video Data Processing

Output from the CCD

A

Auto Shading

Memory

WHITE

WAVEFORM

FEEDBACK

Reference:

Group 3
Facsimile
Manual,
section 2-3.

DC

Filter

VIDEO

PROCESSOR

Corrected Data from the Auto Shading Circuit

Amplifier

Gamma

Correction,

MTF

A/D

Converter

Data Processing

Circuits

Halftone

Process

Edge

Detection

To the CPU

and Modem

Basic

EDGE

ELEMENTS

Peak

Hold

CORRECTED

DATA

Error

Diffusion

Halftone
Process

Comparator

Background

Detection

OR

Processing

Reduction

A

NON-EDGE

ELEMENTS

Reduction

Halftone

B

Process Selector

To CPU and Modem

2-4

Image/Text

Detection

B’

DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS 3rd May, 1994
PRINTER

2.2. PRINTER

2.2.1. Mechanisms

1. Master Unit

This printer uses a "write to black" system, using negative toner.
The master unit contains a durable OPC master belt. The expected lifetime of

each master unit is about 60,000 copies (this is the target value). Because of
this long lifetime, the user is not expected to change the master; there is no
Replace Master indicator.

The master belt does not have a bond seam, so no master home position de­tection is needed. There is also no master unit interlock switch; there is an in­terlock switch on the front cover.

[A]

[B]

The main motor [A] drives the master belt [B].

• At the start of printing, it turns on briefly and the master belt moves un-

der the quenching lamp to ensure that it is fully discharged.

• Then, when the fusing lamp is at the correct temperature and the page

memory contains a complete page of data, and the hexagonal mirror
motor is running at the correct speed, the main motor switches on again.

•

When the main motor is running at the correct speed, the laser diode
turns on for automatic power control.

Descriptions

Detailed Section

Reference: Group 3 Facsimile Manual, section 4-1

2-5

[B]

3rd May, 1994 DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS

PRINTER

2. Charge Corona Unit

[D]

[E]

[A]

[C]

The charge corona unit [A] gives a -750 V charge to the master belt. The
varistor [B] ensures that the charge does not exceed this value.

The connection between the power pack [C] and the corona unit is not bro­ken when the front cover is opened. However, the front cover interlock switch
cuts the +24V power line to the power pack if the cover is opened.

The charge corona unit contains a wire cleaner [D].
The charge corona switches on at the same time as the laser diode starts its

power control procedure.
There is one ozone fan on the right hand side of the machine. It sucks air out

of the machine through the ozone filter, which is part of the ozone fan assem­bly. The ozone fan switches on when a ringing signal is detected, and stays
on until the fusing lamp temperature falls back below 130 °C at the end of the
printing run.

The inset shows how the grid plate [E] connects to the varistor.

Reference: Group 3 Facsimile Manual, section 4-2

2-6

DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS 3rd May, 1994
PRINTER

3. Laser Optics

[E]

[F]

[B]

[D]

[A]

[C]

Descriptions

Detailed Section

The optics are the same as in section 4-3-3 of the Group 3 Facsimile Manual,
except that there are two mirrors [A] at the "Second Mirror" position.

Other points to note are as follows:

• The focusing lens [B] is a barrel toroidal lens.

• The shield glass [C] prevents toner from entering the laser optics area,

and may need cleaning occasionally.

•

An optical fiber [D] passes the reflected laser beam to the main scan
start detector [E]. This detector is situated on the laser diode drive board
[F], unlike shown in the diagram.

• The strength of the beam is 0.436 mW at a wavelength of 780 nm.

• The dimensions of the dot on the master belt are 65 µm (main scan di-

rection) by 75 µm (sub-scan direction).

The charge on the exposed parts of the belt drops to about -150 V, while non­exposed areas remain at about -750 V.

The laser engine characteristics are as follows (refer to page 4-3-21 of the
Group 3 Facsimile manual for background).

• Motor speed: 9,267.7 rpm (G3 and G4 l/mm mode), 9448.8 rpm (G4 dpi

mode)

•

Motor type: Hexagonal
LD clock frequency: 5.3311 MHz

•

•

Time between main scan synchronization signals: 1.082 ms

• Number of dots per main scan: 5769

2-7

[A]

3rd May, 1994 DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS

PRINTER

4. Development

Overview

This machine uses a ’write-to-black’ development system using negative
toner.

The toner cassette is part of a disposable unit known as the CTM (Clean­ing/Toner Magazine). The CTM contains a toner cassette, toner supply
mechanism, cleaning unit, and used toner tank. When the toner is all used
up, the CTM is replaced.

Reference: Group 3 facsimile Manual, section 4-4

Toner Supply

[B]

[C]

[D]

[E]

When a new CTM is installed in the machine and the front cover is closed,
the main motor and toner supply motor turn on. When the front cover is
closed, a tab [A] on the fusing unit cover forces the hopper [B] to open. Also,
tab [C] on the CTM pushes bracket [D], which moves the CTM sensor actua­tor into the sensor.

Continued on the next page

2-8

DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS 3rd May, 1994
PRINTER

[F]

[H]

[I] [J]

[G]

[K]

The toner supply motor [F] drives the toner supply shaft ([E] in the diagram
on the previous page). This spiral shaft feeds toner to the hopper.

Inside the development unit is another spiral shaft [G]. This shaft, driven by
the main motor, distributes toner across the length of trough [H]. The toner
supply motor drives gear [I], and once every rotation, it tips the trough upside
down, dropping the toner into the development unit. A spring immediately
pulls the trough back upright so that it can continue to receive toner.

Descriptions

Detailed Section

The toner mixing bar [J], driven by the main motor, keeps the toner agitated
as it builds up at the bottom of the development unit. The toner supply bar [K]
supplies toner to the development roller.

While toner is being supplied, the main motor is also operating the toner near­end detection mechanism. When a fresh toner cassette is installed, the sen­sor detects toner near-end, because there is not much toner in the
development unit. When some toner has been transferred, the signal from
the toner near-end sensor returns to normal. About 22 s after that, the toner
supply motor stops and no more toner is transferred into the development
unit.

During printing, if toner near-end is detected, the toner supply mechanism will
start up again. Toner will be supplied until the sensor signal returns to normal.
If the toner cassette in the CTM is empty, no toner will be transferred, and the
sensor signal will not return to normal. If the sensor outputs the near-end sig­nal for more than 5 minutes, the cpu blinks the Add Toner indicator. See
"Toner Near-end Detection" for more details.

2-9

3rd May, 1994 DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS

PRINTER

Development Unit Drive

[A]

[B]

During printing, drive from the main motor at gear [A] drives the development
roller [B]. The main motor also drives the master belt, so the development
roller and the master belt always move at the same time; therefore, no devel­opment clutch is needed.

Toner Near-end Detection

The toner near-end detection mechanism is exactly the same as described in
section 4-4-4 of the Group 3 Facsimile Manual. The sensor signal is as
shown in the following diagram.

Reference:

Group 3
Facsimile
Manual,
section 4-4-4.

1.9 s

0.1 ms

The cpu starts to blink the Add Toner indicator under the following conditions:

At power up: If the sensor output indicates toner near-end for 6 s

•

•

During printing: If the sensor output indicates toner near-end for more
than 5 minutes, totaled over consecutive print runs (when the motor
stops, the sensor mechanism is deactivated, so time between printing
runs does not count towards the 5 minute time limit)

After 100 more pages have been printed, the Add Toner indicator remains lit,
and printing is disabled until a new CTM has been added.

2-10

DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS 3rd May, 1994
PRINTER

Development Bias

[B]

[A]

Descriptions

Detailed Section

The development bias and switching bias are supplied from the power pack
[A] at the same terminal [B].

• Development bias: - 530 ± 20 Vdc (BIASL)

•

Switching bias: +70 ± 20 Vdc (BIASH)

The switching bias is used at the following times:

• Between pages of a print run, while the development bias is off

• While toner is being transferred from the CTM to the development unit

2-11

3rd May, 1994 DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS

PRINTER

5. Paper Feed

There are two cassettes, a 250-sheet cassette, and a 500-sheet cassette.
The 500-sheet cassette is an optional unit, and up to 4 cassettes can be in­stalled.

The sizes of paper that the cassettes can take are listed in the specifications
(section 1-1).

[A]

Paper feeds from the rear towards the front. The lower paper feed path
bends upward through the front part of the upper cassette. The two paper
feed paths merge just before the registration roller [A].

2-12