Raymarine Radar Scanner User Manual

Pathfinder Radar Scanners

Owner’s Handbook

Document number: 81154_4 Date: 25th October 2000

Pathfinder Radar Scanners i

Pathfinder Radar Scanners Owners Handbook

October 2000

SAFETY NOTICES

This radar equipment must be installed and operated in accordance with the instructions contained in this manual. Failure to do so can result in personal injury and/or navigational inaccuracies. In particular:

1. High Voltage. The scanner unit contains high voltages. Adjust-

ments require specialised service procedures and tools only available to qualified service technicians – there are no user serviceable parts or adjustments. The operator should never remove the scanner unit internal covers or attempt to service the equipment.

2. Electromagnetic Energy. The radar scanner transmits electro-

magnetic energy. It is important that the radar is turned off whenever personnel are required to come close to the scanner to perform work on the scanner assembly or associated equipment.

It is recommended that the radar scanner is mounted out of range of personnel (above head height).

Do not look directly at the antenna at close range as your eyes are the most sensitive part of the body to electromagnetic energy.

When properly installed and operated, the use of this radar will conform to the requirements of ANSI/IEEE C95.1-1992 Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 Hz to 300 GHz and NRPB, Board Statement on Restrictions on Human Exposure to Static and Time Varying Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation, Doc NRPB, No. 5 (1993).

3. Navigation Aid. This radar unit is only an aid to navigation. Its accuracy can be affected by many factors, including equipment failure or defects, environmental conditions, and improper handling or use. It is the user’s responsibility to exercise common prudence and navigational judgements. This radar unit should not be relied upon as a substitute for such prudence and judgement.

ii Pathfinder Radar Scanners

RAYTHEON MARINE products are supported by a network of Authorized Service Representatives. For information on Raytheon products and services, contact either of the following:

United States Raytheon Marine Company

Recreational Products 22 Cotton Road, Suite 280 Nashua NH 03063-4219, USA Telephone +1 603 881 5200 Fax +1 603 864 4756 www.raymarine.com

Europe Raytheon Marine Limited

Anchorage Park Portsmouth Hampshire PO3 5TD England Telephone +44 (0)23 9269 3611 Fax +44 (0)23 9269 4642 www.raymarine.com

The technical and graphical information contained in this handbook, to the best of our knowledge, was correct as it went to press. However, the Raytheon policy of continuous improvement and updating may change product specifications without prior notice. As a result, unavoidable differences between the product and handbook may occur from time to time, for which liability cannot be accepted by Raytheon.

Raytheon is a registered trademark of Raytheon Company. SeaTalk is a registered trademark of Raytheon Marine Europe Limited. HSB is a trademark of Raytheon Marine Company. Pathfinder is a trademark of Raytheon Marine Company.

Pathfinder Radar Scanners iii

Preface

This handbook describes the following Raytheon Pathfinder radar scanners:

2D 18" 2 kW Radome Scanner 4D 24" 4 kW Radome Scanner 5S 48" 4 kW Open Array Scanner 7S 72" 4 kW Open Array Scanner 9S 48" 1 0 kW Open Array Scanner 11S 72" 10 kW Open Array Scanner

These scanner units may be connected to any HSB display unit. In addition, the 2D and 4D radome scanner units may be connected to SL70, or Autohelm 7" LCD display.

CAUTION:

The open array scanners must not be used with the SL70 or Autohelm 7" LCD Display Unit. This may resu lt in damage to the display due to the high power requirements of the open array scanner.

The handbook contains very important information on the installation and operation of your new equipment. In order to obtain the best results in operation and performance, please read this handbook thoroughly.

Raytheon’s Product Support representatives or your local dealer will be available to answer any questions you may have.

Display Software Version

For full operation of the open array scanners, the display unit requires an appropriate software version. For new displays, the correct software version is normally already installed in the display unit and is fully compatible with the 2D and 4D radome scanners.

Early display units may not have the correct software for use with open array scanners and will therefore require upgrading. The software version can be confirmed by switching-on the display and checking the version number during the magnetron warm-up sequence.

iv Pathfinder Radar Scanners

Note: If a scanner unit is not connected the version number i s only displayed for 10 seconds.

Where, necessary Software Upgrade Kits are available from your dealer, distributor or from Raytheon Marine.

We recommend that where a repeater display is fitted, both the repeater and the master display are upgraded.

Warranty

To register your Pathfinder Radar Scanner ownership, please take a few minutes to fill out the warranty registration card found at the end of this handbook. It is very important that you complete the owner information and return the card to the factory in order to receive full warranty benefits.

The radome scanner package includes a barcode label indicating the serial number of the unit. This label should be stuck to the warranty registration card. The open array scanner has two barcode labels indicating the serial numbers of the pedestal and the antenna units. Both labels should be stuck to the warranty registration card.

EMC Conformance

All Raytheon equipment and accessories are designed to the best industry standards for use in the leisure marine environment.

The design and manufacture of Raytheon equipment and accessories conform to the appropriate Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards, but correct installation is required to ensure that performance is not compromised.

Contents v

Preface ................................................................................. iii

W arranty ...........................................................................iv

EMC Conformance ..........................................................iv

Chapter 1: Overview ...............................................................................1

1.1 Introduction .......................................................................1

EMC installation guidelines .............................................2

1.2 Unpacking and inspecting the components ......................4

1.3 Selecting the scanner unit site ........................................... 5

1.4 Cable runs ....................................................................... 11

Radome scanner cables ...................................................13

Open array scanner cables ...............................................16

Chapter 2: Installing the Scanner .......................................................21

2.1 Radome scanner .............................................................. 21

Securing the radome scanner to the mounting surface .... 21

Connecting the radome scanner inter-unit cable ............. 22

2.2 Open array scanner .........................................................27

Securing the pedestal to the mounting platform ..............28

Connecting the open array scanner inter-unit cable ........29

Fitting the open array to the pedestal ...............................33

2.3 System connections ........................................................34

DC power connection .....................................................34

Scanner connection .........................................................35

Display unit connection .................................................. 37

Chapter 3: Post Installation Checks and Maintenance ....................39

EMC Conformance ......................................................... 39

3.1 System Checks and Alignment .......................................39

System check .................................................................. 39

Set up, alignment and timing checks ............................... 39

72" open array position alignment ..................................40

3.2 Maintenance ....................................................................41

Warnings ......................................................................... 41

Routine Checks ...............................................................41

Servicing and Safety ....................................................... 41

3.3 Problem Solving .............................................................42

How to Contact Raytheon (US) ...................................... 43

How to Contact Raytheon (Europe) ................................ 44

W orldwide Support .........................................................45

vi Pathfinder Radar Scanners

Appendix A: Specification ...........................................................47

2D 18" Radome Scanner Unit ........................................47

4D 24" Radome Scanner Unit ........................................48

5S and 9S 48" Open Array Scanner Unit ........................50

7S and 11S 72" Open Array Scanner Unit ......................53

Index .......................................................................... i

Chapter 1: Overview 1

Chapter 1: Overview

1.1 Introduction

This handbook provides instructions to assis t you in the installation and set up of the following radar scanners:

2D 18" 2 kW Radome Scanner 4D 24" 4 kW Radome Scanner 5S 48" 4 kW Open Array Scanner 7S 72" 4 kW Open Array Scanner 9S 48" 10 kW Open Array Scanner 11S 72" 10 kW Open Array Scanner

These scanner units may be connected to any HSB display un it. In addition the 2D and 4D radome scanner units may be connected to SL70, or Autohelm 7" LCD display .

A typical Pathfinder Radar system is illustrat ed below .

Scanner

HSB Series Display

GPS

Compass

NMEA

Distribution Panel

12/24V Supply

12V Supply

SeaTalk

12V Supply

Junction

Box

D4288-3

2 Pathfinder Radar Scanners

CAUTION:

Do not use the open array scanner with an SL70 or Autohelm 7" LCD display unit. Failure to observe this may result in permanen t damage to these disp lay units. The 10 kW open array scanner requir es 24 V or higher; it will not operate on 12 V systems.

This handbook is divided into three chapters as follows : Chapter One provides an overview of the scanner installation. It

includes sections on Unpacking and Inspecting the Components, Selecting the Scanner Site and a description of the Cable Runs.

Chapter Two pr ovides detailed instructions on how to mount and connect each type of scanner.

Chapter Three provides instructions on how to perform the system checks, alignment and adjustments. It also provi des information on maintenance and what to do if you have problems.

EMC installation guidelines

All Raytheon equipment and accessories are designed to the best industry standards for use in the leisure marine environment.

Their design and manufacture conforms to the appropriate Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards, but correct installation is required to ensure that performance is not compromised. Although every effort has been ta ken to ensure that they will perform under all conditions, it is importa nt to understand what factors could affect the operation of the product.

The guidelines given here describe the conditions for opti mum EMC performance, but it is recognized that it may not be possible to meet all of these conditions in all situations. T o ensure the best possible conditions for EMC performance within the constraints imposed by any location, always ensure the maximum separation possible between different items of electrical equipment.

For optimum EMC perform ance, it is recommended that wherever possible:

• Raytheon equipment and cables connected to it are:

• At least 1 m (3 ft) from any equipment transmitting or cables carrying radio signals e.g. VHF radios, cables and antennas.

Chapter 1: Overview 3

In the case of SSB radios, the distance should be increased to 2 m (7 ft).

• More than 2 m (7 ft) from the path of a radar beam. A radar beam can normally be assumed to spread 20 degrees above and below the radiating element.

• The equipment is supplied from a separate battery from that used for engine start. Voltage drops below 10 V (20 V for 10 kW open array scanners) in the power supply to our products, and starter motor tra nsients , can caus e the equip ment to re set. Thi s will not damage the equipment, but may cause the loss of some information and may change the operating mode.

• Raytheon specified cables are used at all times. Cutting and rejoining these cables can compromise EMC performance and so must be avoided unless doing so is detail ed in the installation manual.

• If a suppression ferrite is attached to a cable, this ferrite should not be removed. If the ferrite needs to be removed during installation it must be reassembled in the same position. Section 2.1 Installing the Radome Scanner includes instructions on fitting a ferri te.

The following illustration show s a typical range of suppression ferrites fitted to Raytheon equipment.

D3548-2

Connections to Other Equipment

If your Raytheon equipment is to be connected to other equipment using a cable not supplied by Raytheon, a suppressi on ferrite MUST always be fitted to the cable close to the Raytheon unit.

4 Pathfinder Radar Scanners

1.2 Unpacking and inspecting the components

Unpack your system carefully , to prevent damage to the equipment. It is good practice to save the carton and packing for future use, in case you need to return the unit for service. Check that you have all the correct system components. These depend on your system package, as detailed in the following tables.

Table 1-1: Radome scanners

Item Part No. Supplied with:

Option for:

2D 18" 2 kW Radome Scanner 2DE 18" 2 kW Radome Scanner 4D 24" 4 kW Radome Scanner

Inter-unit cable 15 m heavy Inter-unit cable 25 m heavy Inter-unit cable 10 m light Inter-unit cable 15 m light

Extension cable 5 m Extension cable 10 m

Mast Mount 18" Scanner Mast Mount 24" Scanner

Radar Interface adapter (To fit radome to M88390 type 18" mast mount)

Radome mounting interface plate M92731 - 2D

Supplied with HSB Series Display Unit

Supplied with HSB Series Display UnitSupplied with HSB Series Display Unit Fer rite Cla mp

M92650 M92650E M92652

M92668 M92669 M92692 M92720

M92699 M92700--

M92722 M92698--

M92721 - 2D

R55007 - Both

US Version European Version

2D (US version) 2D (Europe version)

Both

Both Both

2D 4D

Table 1-2: Open array scanners

Item Part No. Supplied with: Option for:

4 kW Scanner Pedestal 10 kW Scanner Pedestal

48" Open Array 72" Open Array

Inter-unit cable 15 m heavy Inter-unit cable 25 m heavy

Cable kit: 5 m +10 m extension (To fit open array scanner on a radar arch)

M92654 M92655

M92693 M92743

M92728 M92705

E55017

5S, 7S 9S, 11S (

24/32V only)

5S, 9S 7S, 11S

5S,7S, 9S, 11S 5S, 7S, 9S, 11S (

24/32V only)

5S, 7S, 9S,11S

Chapter 1: Overview 5

Table 1-2:Open array scanners

Item Part No. Supplied with: Option for:

Extension cable 5m

Extension cable 10m

Software Upgrade Kit Please contact your authorized dealer or

M92699

M92700--

distributor for details

1.3 Selecting the scanner unit site

This section provides information that affects the possible locations of the scanner, and its position relative to the display unit and t o the power supply .

The dimensions of the each scanner unit are shown in the following diagrams.

Selecting the best location for the scanner unit requires careful consideration of the following points, to ensure reliable and trouble free operation:

Note: In order to minimize potential interference to other sys tems on board ship (EMC), it is advisable to mo unt the scanner on a part of the boat that is insulated from the ship’s bat tery negative. If you cannot do this, and encounter problems, you can fit insulating bus hes between the scanner and its mounting bracket.

• Height: The scanner unit should normally be mounted as high as practical above the waterline, for three reasons:

• For safety reasons the scanner should be out of range of per-

sonnel, preferably above head height. This avoids mechanical danger and electromagnetic contact, particularly with the eyes.

• Radar operates at the line-of-sight, so a high mounting posi-

tion gives better long range performance.

• Surrounding large objects, in the same horizontal plane, can

interfere with the radar signal and cause blind areas or shadow

sectors and false targets on the radar screen (see below). However, do not mount the scanner so high that it is affected by the pitching and rolling of the vessel. In addition, you may need to lower the scanner to avoid creating a shadow sector underneath the scanner’s beam.

5S, 7S, 9S, 11S (24/32V only) 5S, 7S, 9S, 11S

6 Pathfinder Radar Scanners

151.25 mm (5.95 in)

141.5 mm (5.6 in)

185.15 mm (7.3 in)

Rear

(4.6 in)

116.5 mm

302.5 mm (11.9 in)

468 mm (18.4 in) dia.

233 mm (9.2 in)

Weight: 6.5 kg (14.3 lbs)

Compass safe distance: 1 m (33 in)

18" Radome Scanner

402 mm (15.8 in)

599 mm (23.6 in) dia.

227 mm (8.9 in)

D3224_4

227 mm (8.9 in)

141.5 mm (5.6 in)

Rear

(4.6 in)

116.5 mm

233 mm (9.2 in)

Weight: 7.5 kg (16.5lbs)

Compass Safe Distance: 1m (33")

24" Radome Scanner

D3228_5

Chapter 1: Overview 7

Open Array Scanners

48"- 1306 mm (51.4 in), 72"- 1918 mm (75.5 in)

Centre of rotation

100 mm (4 in)

427 mm (16.8 in)

140 mm (5.5 in)

Centre of rotation

406 mm (16 in)

296 mm (11.65 in)

150 mm (6 in)

Weight

Pedestal: 24 kg (53.0 lb) 48" Open Array: 6 kg (13.2 lb) 72" Open Array: 9.4 kg (20.7 lb)

Compass Safe Distance: 1 m (33 in)

Minimum clearance 630 mm (24.8 in)

70 mm

(2.75 in)

Minimum clearance height 510 mm (20.1 in)

D4572-3

8 Pathfinder Radar Scanners

• Access: The scann er unit site sh ould be easily accessible to allow

maintenance to be carried out safely .

• Magnetic compass: Mount the scanner unit at least 1 m away

from a magnetic compass.

• Cable run: The maximum length of cable between the display

unit and the scanner unit should not normally exceed 20 m (60 ft) for radome scanners, or 15 m (45 ft) for open array scanners. If you need to use a longer cable power cable lengths must be considered, refer to Section 1.4 Cable Runs to determine appropriate lengths.

• Shadow sectors and false echoes: Mount the scanner away from

large structures or equipment, such as the fly bridge, large engine stacks, searchlights, horns, or masts. It is particularly important to avoid shadow sectors near the bow . Raising or even lowering the scanner may help to reduce these effects. In shadow areas beyond the obstruction there will be a reduction of the beam intensity , although not necessarily a complete cut-of f; there will be a blind sector if the subtended angle is more than a few degrees. In some shadow sectors the beam intensity may not be suf ficient to obtain an echo from a very small object, even at close range, despite the fact that a large vessel can be detected at a much greater range. For this reason the angular width and relative bearing of any shadow sector must be determined at installat ion. Sometimes shadowing can be seen by increasing the radar gain until noise is present. Dark sectors indicate possible shadowed areas. This information should be posted near the display unit and operators must be alert for targets in these blind sectors.

It should also be noted that wet s ails create shadow areas and thus sail boat operators should be aware that radar performance may reduce in rain. If you mount the scanner on a mast, echoes from the mast may appear on the radar display . These can be minimized by placing absorbing material, such as a block of wood, between the scanner and mast.

• Platform rigidity/stability: The scanner platform should not

twist (causing bearing errors) or be subject to excessive vibration.

• Heat/fumes: Mount the scanner away from the top of exhaust

stacks, since the scanner and cables can be damaged by excessive heat and the corrosive effects of exhaust gases.

Chapter 1: Overview 9

For open array scanners you should also consider the followi ng points:

• Mounting Platform: The platform must be mechanically secure

and capable of supporting the mass and inertia of the open array scanner. The complete unit weighs: 48" scann er - 30 kg (66.2 lb); 72" scanner - 33.4 kg (73.7 lb).

• The site must be clear of ropes and moving rigging.

• Sufficient clearance must be allowed to fully open the open array

pedestal for maintenance.

Mounting surface: sailboats

The scanner unit can be installed on a mast platform, an arch, or a bridge structure. Make sure that the platform surface is flat and the scanner unit drain hole (radome scanners) is not obstructed. Raytheon recommends that radome scanner units are best suited for sailboat operation as open array systems are more dif ficult to protect from ropes and sails.

For sailboat installations, Raytheon offers a universal mast mount ki t for each radome scanner type. This optional mount is used to fit a radome scanner to a flat surface on a mast with a minimum diameter of 60 mm (2½ in). When using the mast mount ki t, appropriate hardware should be used for the style and structure of the mast aboard the vessel. T ypically , the scanner will be mounted near the first set of mast spreaders. If there is any doubt concerning the appropriate type of hardware, consult your boat dealer or representative for their recommendations.

Depending on the type of sailboat, a radar scanner guard should be installed if the sails could touch the scanner or platform. W ithout a proper radar guard the mounting platform an d the radar scanner could be severely damaged.

Mounting surface: power boats

On many small vessels the scanner unit can be installed on a mast platform, an arch, or a bridge structure, but take care to follow the scanner site guidelines, particularly regarding height . If necessary , construct a radar mounting platform to obtain a suf ficiently high mounting position. Make sure that the platform surface is flat and the scanner unit drain hole (radome scanners) is not obstructed. Ensure the platform is strong enough to support the maximum s hock loads likely to occur.

10 Pathfinder Radar Scanners

Setting the radiation plane

The scanner unit should be mounted so that the array rotates parall el to the waterline. The radar beam is approximately 25° wide in the vertical direction, providing good target det ection during the vessel’s pitching and rolling.

12.5˚

Waterline

Ideal Radiation Plane

Planing hull vessels, and some displacement hull vessels, adopt a higher bow angle when the vessel is at its cruising speed. In many cases this substantially alters and raises the radar’s main radiation plane, and can cause poor detection of nearby targets. It may be helpful to lower the radar beam back towards the parallel, by shimming th e rear of th e radar , so that the beam p oints slig htly downwards with respect to the waterline when the vessel is at rest.

D3223-2

Wedge or washers

Forward

Using shims to lower the main beam

D3229-3

The shims may be made from aluminium plate wedges, simple flat washers, or an angled wooden block. For thick shims, you may need longer securing bolts than the M8x40 bolts supplied with the radome scanner, or the M10 studdi ng supplied with the open array scanners.

Chapter 1: Overview 11

1.4 Cable runs

Y ou need to consider the following before installing the system cables:

• Y ou need to fit the inter-unit cable and the power cable.

• All cables should be adequately clamped and protected from

physical damage and exposure to heat - avoid running cabl es through bilges or doorways, or close to mo ving or hot objects.

• Acute bends must be avoided.

• Where a cable passes through an exposed bulkhead or deckhead,

a watertight gland or swan neck tube should be used .

• Avoid cutting and re-joining cables (if necess ary, refer to the notes below).

Y ou need to run the following cables:

CAUTION:

Do not pull the cable through bulkheads using a cord attached to the connector . This could damage the connections.

• Inter-unit cable. A vinyl-covered and shielded cable is supplied with the radome scanner unit. The cable has a connector plug at one end for connecting to the display unit or exten sion cable; the other end of the radome scanner cable is fitted with an 8-wa y plug and power cores (covered by a clear protective sleeve) for connecting to the scanner. For open array scanners, various length cables are available. These cables have a connector plug at one end for connecting to the display unit or extension cable; th e other end is prepared ready to fit to the power and signal connectors (see Section 2.2)

• Power cable. The scanner receives power via the display unit; the power cable is supplied with the display unit. How ever, cable details are provided in this section.

Rejoining Cables

Y ou should avoid cut ting and re-joining cables. If this is necessary you must:

• Fit a ferrite on each side of the join. The specif ic ferrite to use depends on the cable type - contact Raytheon Marine for details.

• Take care not to damage any of the wires. Make sure that all the wires and, in particular, the screen are reconnected correctly .

12 Pathfinder Radar Scanners

If you are mounting the scanner on the mast of a sailboat, and will need to unstep the mast, you should inst all a suitable junction box inside the boat. On a radome scanner, the junction b ox should provide an 11 - or 13way terminal strip, depending on the number of power cores in your cable, with a 10 A rating. Also, you should keep the length of t he unscreened coaxial cores to less than 30 mm to maintain EMC conformance.

On an open array scanner, the j unction box should provide a 13-way terminal strip with a 20 A rating for power cores. It is essential that all 4 power cores are connected and that the connection is of very low resistance as considerable power passes through this connection. Also, you should keep the length of the un-screened coaxial cores to less than 30 mm to maintain EMC conformance.

Inter-unit cable

The inter-unit cable entrance is at the rear of the scanner unit. If the unit is mounted on a holl ow mast the cable may be run inside the mast and then fed through the radar’s cable entrance. Make sure that the cable does not chafe where it enters and exits the mast.

Note: Rout e the cable from the display up t o the scanner , since this will require the smallest clearance hole.

CAUTION:

The display connector on the inter-unit cable is a moulded plug that cannot be replaced. DO NOT r emove this moulded plug.

The inter-unit cable, for connecting the scanner to the display unit, depends on your scanner package as follows:

Table 1-3: Inter Unit Cables required for each Scanner Type

Scanner Package Inter-Unit Cable

2D (US) 10 m light (2 power cores)

2DE (European) 15 m light (2 power cores)

4D 15 m heavy (4 power cores)

5S, 7S (4 kW) and 9S, 11S (10 kW)

All 10 kW systems require a

Note:

minimum of 24 V.

15 m heavy or radar arch kit (5 m + 10 m extension) 25 m heavy (24/32 V systems only)

The minimum bends permitted are:

Minimum bend, light cable 60 mm (~2.5 in) radius Minimum bend, heavy cable 82 mm (~3.75 in) radius

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