Rane G4 User Manual

DATA SHEET

msms

n:1

dB

Hz Hz

MASTER SLAVE MASTER SLAVE

Sec

QUAD GATE

6 12-12 -6 -3 -1 31-24

dBu

6 12-12 -6 -3 -1 31-24 6 12-12 -6 -3 -1 31-24 6 12-12 -6 -3 -1 31-24

-60

-20

-10-30

-40

-50 10

20

0

250

50

25 100

0

2 Sec

250

125 500

25 3

.5

.25 2

0

8

4

2 6

10

40

60 20

80 5k

315

80

1.25k

20 20k

2k

630

6.3k

200

msms

n:1

dB

Hz Hz

SecdBu

-60

-20

-10-30

-40

-50 10

20

0

250

50

25 100

0

2 Sec

250

125 500

25 3

.5

.25 2

0

8

4

2 6

10

40

60 20

80 5k

315

80

1.25k

20 20k

2k

630

6.3k

200

msms

n:1

dB

Hz Hz

SecdBu

-60

-20

-10-30

-40

-50 10

20

0

250

50

25 100

0

2 Sec

250

125 500

25 3

.5

.25 2

0

8

4

2 6

10

40

60 20

80 5k

315

80

1.25k

20 20k

2k

630

6.3k

200

msms

n:1

dB

Hz Hz

SecdBu

-60

-20

-10-30

-40

-50 10

20

0

250

50

25 100

0

2 Sec

250

125 500

25 3

.5

.25 2

0

8

4

2 6

10

40

60 20

80 5k

315

80

1.25k

20 20k

2k

630

6.3k

200

G4

ATTACK

RATIO

HOLDRELEASETHRESHOLD

LOW-CUT HIGH-CUT

1 2

DEPTH

3 4

TH

CLOSED OPEN

SIDE-CHAIN dBr

BYPASSACTIVE EXTINT LISTENNORMAL

LINK LINK

DUCK EXPGATE

SIDE-CHAIN

POWER

OL

ATTACK

RATIO

HOLDRELEASETHRESHOLD

LOW-CUT HIGH-CUTDEPTH

TH

CLOSED OPEN

SIDE-CHAIN dBr

BYPASSACTIVE EXTINT LISTENNORMAL DUCK EXPGATE

SIDE-CHAIN

OL

ATTACK

RATIO

HOLDRELEASETHRESHOLD

LOW-CUT HIGH-CUTDEPTH

TH

CLOSED OPEN

SIDE-CHAIN dBr

BYPASSACTIVE EXTINT LISTENNORMAL DUCK EXPGATE

SIDE-CHAIN

OL

ATTACK

RATIO

HOLDRELEASETHRESHOLD

LOW-CUT HIGH-CUTDEPTH

TH

CLOSED OPEN

SIDE-CHAIN dBr

BYPASSACTIVE EXTINT LISTENNORMAL

DUCK

EXPGATE

SIDE-CHAIN

OL

G4

QUAD GATE / DUCKER / EXPANDER

General Description

Combining familiar front panel controls with the accuracy
and performance of digital signal processing, Rane’s full-fea­tured, high performance G4 Quad Gate is suitable for use in a
variety of demanding dynamics processing applications. Gating,
ducking and downward expansion modes are offered, together
with internal high- and low-cut filters and external side-chain
inputs. It is the ideal tool for front of house, monitor, instrument
and voice processing, broadcast and recording.

e G4 is a member of Rane’s analog-controlled digital
family of products, which includes the C4 compressor, AC 24
crossover, DEQ 60 / 60L graphic equalizers, and the PEQ 55
parametric equalizer.

Features

Dynamics controls include:

• Gate / Expand / Duck Modes

• Look-ahead Gating

Analog-Controlled Digital

Analog controls (knobs, sliders) allow a performer or sound
engineer to make precise adjustments, in real time. Digital signal
processing (DSP) provides a degree of accuracy, consistency and
flexibility that simply can not be matched with a traditional
analog design.

e G4 combines the best of both worlds by using analog
controls and high performance digital processing to achieve an
unprecedented feature set. Benefits of this approach:

• Look Ahead Gating with Pre-Ramp: Never miss a transient.

• Improved accuracy and repeatability.

• Exceptional immunity to RF and electromagnetic interfer-

ence.

• Lower cost per channel.

Side-chain processing includes:

• Side-Chain metering

• Internal Low- and High-Cut Filters

• Stereo Link

• Adjustable Threshold, Attack, Release, Hold, Depth and Ratio

• Gain Reduction / Gate meter

• Bypass

Plus:

• Internal / External switch

• Listen switch

• XLR and ¼" TRS input/output connectors

• Universal internal switching power supply

Data Sheet-1

G4

QUAD GATE / DUCKER / EXPANDER

Features and Specifications

Parameter Specication Limit Units Conditions/Comments

Inputs: Type Active Balanced Auto balanced/unbalanced

..........Maximum Input +22 1 dBu 1 kHz

..........Common Mode Rejection 60 typ. dB 1 kHz

..........Input Impedance 10k 1% Ω Each leg to ground @ 1 kHz

..........Main Input Connectors XLR, ¼" TRS XLR pin 2 hot per AES standards

..........Side-Chain In Connectors ¼" TRS Tip = hot, ring = negative

Digital Processing
Converters: Sample Rate 48 kHz 24-bit

..........Dynamic Range 106 typ. dB A-weighted (input to output); unity

..........Propagation Delay 1.62 typ. ms Converter delay plus look ahead

..........Fixed-Point DSP 48-bit double precision

Dynamics Processing Gate/Expand/Duck LED mode indicators
Side-chain detect: Peak 16-sample look ahead, 25 ms hold

..........RMS True rms, 50 ms average RC

Dynamics Controls All pots 8-bit resolution or 256 steps

..........Bypass toggle switch Active/Bypass LED indicators

..........reshold Range +20 to -60 1 dB

..........Attack 0 to 250 ms Settle to 85% of final value

..........Release 0.025 to 2.0 Sec. For 10 dB step

..........Hold 0 to 3 Sec. Gate and Duck modes only

..........Depth 0 to 80 dB Gate and Duck modes only

..........Ratio 1:1 to 8:1 Expand mode only

..........Low Cut 20 to 5000 Hz 2nd-order Butterworth (12 dB/oct.)

..........High Cut 200 to 20,000 Hz 2nd-order Butterworth (12 dB/oct.)

..........Internal / External Toggle switch LED indicator (side-chain key source)

..........Normal / Listen Toggle switch LED indicator (listen to side-chain)

Meter: Gain Reduction Closed, -24, -12, -6, -3, -1, Open dB Each channel

..........Side-chain level Relative to reshold setting dBr Peak dBu for Gate/Duck, 11-segment

..........Side-chain level Relative to reshold setting dBr RMS dBu for Expander, 11-segment

Outputs: Active Balanced Auto balanced/unbalanced

..........Connectors XLR, ¼" TRS XLR pin 2 hot per AES standards

..........Impedance 100 1% Ω Each leg to ground

..........Maximum Output +22 1 dBu 600 Ω or greater

EMI Filters Yes Inputs and Outputs
Frequency Response 15 Hz to 20 kHz +0/-3 dB
THD+Noise .02 typ. % +4 dBu, 20-20 kHz, 20 kHz BW
THD+Noise .006 typ. % +4 dBu, 1 kHz, 20 kHz BW
Crosstalk <-100 typ. dB 2 kHz
Power Supply Requirement 100 to 240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 20 W
Unit: Agency Listing UL/cUL/CE
Unit: Construction All Steel

..........Size 3.5" H x 19" W x 8.25" D (2U) (8.9 cm x 48.3 cm x 21 cm)

..........Weight 7.3 lb (3.3 kg)

.....Shipping: Size 4.5" x 20.3" x 13.75" (11.5 cm x 52 cm x 35 cm)

..........Weight 12 lb (5.5 kg)

Note: 0 dBu=0.775 Vrms

Data Sheet-2

G4 Block Diagram

PEAK

RMS

GAIN CONTROL

BYPASS

F1 F2

THRESHOLD

ATTACK / RELEASE

HOLD

DEPTH

dBr

THRESHOLD

GAIN REDUCTION

THRESHOLD

+20-60

RELEASE

2 Sec25 ms

ATTACK (ms)

2500

HOLD

3 Sec25 ms

DEPTH

0 dB-80 dB

DETECTOR

DETECTOR

ADC

ADC

1

2

3

-

INT

EXT

HIGH-CUT

20k200

LOW-CUT

5k20

DAC

1

2

3

+

+

-

INPUT

SIDE-CHAIN

(KEY)

OUTPUT

(8:1)(1:1)

LINK SLAVE RMS

DSP BLOCK

ACTIVE

NORM

LISTEN

RATIO

RATIO

EXPAND

GATE
DUCK

EXPAND

GATE/DUCK

GATE/DUCK

(RMS SUM)

COMPARE

USE LARGER

LINK SLAVE PEAK

(PRE-RAMP)

MASTER

TO SLAVE

MODE

(dB DELTA)

(1st-ORDER FILTER)

(dB GAIN CHANGE)

DELAY

LOOK AHEAD

25 ms DECAY

50 ms TC

6 12-12 -6 -3 -1 31-24 TH

CLOSED OPEN

SIDE-CHAIN dBr

OL

All channels identical

G4

QUAD GATE / DUCKER / EXPANDER

Data Sheet-3

G4

100-240V

50/60 Hz 20 WATTS

G4

MADE IN U.S.A.

RANE CORP.

FOR CONTINUED
GROUNDING
PROTECTION
DO NOT REMOVE
SCREW

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause
harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference
received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

WIRING

TIP / PIN 2 = POSITIVE
RING / PIN 3 = NEGATIVE
SLEEVE = SIGNAL GROUND
PIN 1 = CHASSIS GROUND

OUTPUT 2 INPUT 2OUTPUT 3 INPUT 3OUTPUT 4 INPUT 4 OUTPUT 1 INPUT 1 SIDE-CHAIN

CH 4 CH 3

CH 2 CH 1

COMMERCIAL AUDIO

EQUIPMENT 24TJ

R

ACN 001 345 482

MIC 1 INPUT

INSERT SEND

INSERT RETURN

INSERT SEND

INSERT RETURN

INSERT SEND

INSERT RETURN

INSERT SEND

INSERT RETURN

MIC 2 INPUT

INSTRUMENT 1

MUSIC 1

VOICEOVER MIX

CH 1 SIDE-CHAIN

CH 1 INPUT

CH 1 OUTPUT

CH 2 OUTPUT

CH 2 INPUT

CH 2 SIDE-CHAIN

CH 3 SIDE-CHAIN

CH 3 INPUT

CH 3 OUTPUT

CH 4 SIDE-CHAIN

CH 4 INPUT

CH 4 OUTPUT

MIXER

G4

DUCK

GATE

GATE

EXPAND

MUSIC

SOURCE

Gate Envelope

Side-Chain Signal

Output Waveform

Threshold
Level

Time

Side-Chain Signal
Gate Envelope

Output Waveform

333 µSec Delay

Threshold
Level

Time

QUAD GATE / DUCKER / EXPANDER

Rear Panel

e G4 is ideal for a variety of dynamics applications in­cluding gating, ducking and downward expansion. Internal or
external side-chain key input, built-in side-chain filtering, side­chain listen, look-ahead signal detection and advanced metering
combine with properly defined threshold, attack, decay, hold,
and depth controls to provide the necessary tools for unsur­passed flexibility and performance. e G4 is the only quad gate
available with this complete set of features.

Look Ahead GatingApplications

©Rane Corporation 10802 47th Ave. W., Mukilteo WA 98275-5098 USA TEL [phone] FAX [phone] WEB w ww.rane.com

Data Sheet-4

The G4 uses a very short look ahead (16 samples, or 333

microseconds) with exponential ramping to ensure ac-

curate clickless gating.

Conventional gates without look ahead or ramping

result in audible clicks at fast attack settings.

References

Holden, Jeffs, Bohn, “Dynamics Processors – Technology and

Applications,” RaneNote, (2005).

All features & specifications subject to change without notice. DOC 107395