Radio Shack TRS-80 Model 16B User Manual

eTRS-80®

Model 16B Built-in Hard Disk

SYSTEM MANUAL

e

CUSTOM MANUFACTURED IN U.S.A.BYRADIO SHACK, A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION

•

•

•

TERMS

SOFTW~"

'ND

0"

CGNDllIO"0'SALE'"L1W'"OF"010

PU"'H","

"0"

FRO"AIADIO

~

AADID

SH'CK

SIV\C,

"AN'H""ORD"""

CO',lPANY-OWNEO

SHACK

COMPUTER

'O,,"ITFR

I<T

"6

,\l~Hag,/[u

EOJIPME"

com,.

LO'CA-IDN

""

R'''.IL STO"

I.

tUSTIlM'R

'.

o

II.

MOlD

~

,

C

o

E 'orr,

'I'

UMrrA"~"

A EX"'TASPRov,nED

"
C

[>

Ii.

Mo,~

RADI~

~''',',,"'

A

B

o

,

F

G

~"

APPLICM'L1TY~FWAR",,"TY

~

B

~I

STATE

,'~

f"n

"'L1GA"~"S

CUSTOMEH
,""k

"f.-,re

,",,"ility,

CUSTO"

E'

'"

In

'",lior,

'H""

L1MITEO

For,W"

s"-'"

w"",rrts

defe-::ts

'HIS

RAD,O

SHAC<

A,

THal'IED

so",,,"

"

",,,'

l><.

rBiume<!

'or

re,,".

,""""..,,,lie<!

"''''"'5.

"-'0'0

l~DIO

SHACK

P'"G'''''

TIanul,~uti,g

&J1M"
reo",""

u"n

p'rl','''''

"'J

F,,"pt,,

"ov,d,d

01

RAD,O

'"'.OK

EX"F'TAS"OI"JEO

0"

FlnESS

FURTH

HE",,"

"""

~F

UIJIILITY

OR

ENTllY

, EOUIP"'"1"

INTFRRUPTIONOFSERVIC>,
USEOR8PlfLA,

ANV

INDIRECT,

AR''''G

OUT

ND"'WHSTANOING
CUSTO"m
IWOLVED
RAD'O.

,H'CK

No

,enon

""',

'h"

"_,,,"

Softw,re,

S,~,

"""

It"~

''''''

to

"'''C'

SOFTW"RE

SHAC'

l"n~

,,,.pt",the·.i"

II,,,

''''"

'""

Sot,,,,,,

CUSTOMER
'enct,,,

CUSTOME"
pro",""
CUSTOME"I,,,"ni"';tom,ke"0'n

,~,

op,,,,,,n0''"

'kSDOS

SO""""

CUSTOMER
ons

soldor""","",.

C",T"~ER

""Piri,h'

Th'

terms

SOFL·.,,,,

l',,""""CUSTOMERor" ,

CUSTOMER,

The

11m·""",

""",re

an,

LAW

H'G"~

,"mot",

,late

to

,'""to;

stat,

'""'''''

f'.11

,,,,,,,I,iIi"

'nclU'ec

,no

",""

.""m"

"

,",,~

WARR'NT'"

CQWpANY-OWNED

~aCA"8N.

'mp"p"

''OJ

If'k,"""

Sr·h"_,,

"''''>0

R"I,sod

FOR

do

W,TH

OFonCQN'I[ClEo

0,

,h,II'ot

"'''9

"l1i",.,,,,

" '''"

;USTO"m

11

~,",

.TI'y

,~,II

'OS

m"

not',",

and

,,,,,,,,,,,

or

'·w

·.,th""Eq""m"",

"q",,"IT'ok

fu,

and

lOr

WOJl~AIlTIES

'-90!

to

t~,

,,,gin"

,.,

to

,

'-,d"

w"'

,cap,

"the

S~ACK

",:ense'

"r

hereInr;CotO""'".

~ERE'N.

A

"Rl

not

,1I0w

HE"EIN,

""PE'-

OR

"SGFT'N~RE

fUN"FT"

'PFC'A',~RCONS[OUENfiAL

T~E

O'~'"S

,,'

"

,f

,,:tooh",,,rue<!ormore

tit"

,110"

L1e'OSE

CUSTO"" , non-mlus,,",

prol"eoInLh

'"

","'h"'h

use

"'".".

,0'

'J".

&In.'''

romp"'"••1h

CUSTGME"

""II

",'''rlbLte u","dilied

'hoib''<ta'nodona'

,,,,i1"

menulaetJrer

h,,,"

,f

'""nslO'.!

IS

Ins"",L

".,

AHO

,"",J"d,;,

eJST'M"lh"

ONlY

GO'-'PU"lk

r"·..

·-"nl,'

,,'

""",,

"..If,

S,,"

~'MO"L"

0"'"''''

oorrW"n

"'"t

tho

TO.

,I

,,,

10

'""'d'"''''

....

'""~"

[,r

,",

S'~"'re

fru:hi'eoot"""Sh<ok

,Au'O

leJ·_",

'URPOSE

Iiml~L",,,,

RIr.U·O

TO

'NY

SOLD

LUSSOF""'''SS

"O'.lI"'-',"T'

W'"H

ABOVE

UMIlAl'ONSAWWARR'WIFS

SHALL

NOT

be

i""

tar

an,

""m"

dCO'"

'h,

IiTIITI"or'"

toe

s,t.,,,,

'I'

'"

""',,

~a"""""re,,,

""",,.

C"tomer·s

"

P,""itte:I

pro,

'''"'of""

""hi'

W,_,~""

'""

W""'"W ,ro"'ions

01

'"

oi"

'he

'~il"l

LIMITED

,~iIt

'hIS

"','

&k"

01

C·JST1MER

'or

C,"","ON"

I,,~"",~""'J~

,oPll8Ir£1LE

i'

""ne"orlea'faG"""'ot.

co,

10

on

'.,g IS'

~"'''

h

"'"'-

'HAC'

'"

ho"'"'"

'HACK

L1"'lIlY.

THE

EXCFF"

,n, d"""" """

b~"h

S,t"·,,,

h",

'h'

EqLipm"",

",,"'"

''''

'"''',L',.,

,-,d

OF

SALE

th'

F,,,,,n,,,

T'j

'URC",eEOOFR'D'D

",NrER'

'i'

j

ill~'

m"u"cu,

G"',,

"""

by

10

rep","or",,,ir

",

,J.",gn

""",emert

de!EeL'"

''''''h

WAKOS'0"o",SS

IS

U~'IlED

""'ED.

on

SALF,'''SF.

THE

,I

thIS

'h",

"i"otI",,,,,,,"""""""';'

P"

"""",

'He,,,""

com,,",,

"P""'~

"pi"ofh'

Sot"",

to

ma<'

mpl",'

So",,',re

mpl",

ai, ,ppli"bl. "

'''''''''100

CU,~"""

'''''l

E"iPITm',

II,g."""

,,

R,'"

"p'

,.

""'_"10"',

..

"p",

""'",

"""':'"

S,,,",,,,,

d"',,

""., '''i," 'h,

"e,

""er " ,thor

"

ITS

Im"'"

SHAle

HM'NO1I.'B'UlYORR,W(JNS"'L1lY'0CUSTO"ER

L80SORO"-'-"GE

LICE"'"ORFURN'SHEDBYR'J;O

Q'

I,NrG'PATORY

'SOFT\\ARt

D'MAG" 'RIO"G

~MOU~T

0,

W,'"n~'

,.",

':'1

"'

""n"

"'Ii"'"

':

",\Set, ,,,,,,,,

an"

""''''

",roduCE

Jroh,";'",

Sot"·,,.

,"

onlyto'h'

,

""!oJ

toe

L"n"

oft"

So"",'''

"""ee,

'."',,">.

h'reio

"""

~,'d

h, "'DIG

'poe'"~

WARRANTY

"mp"'

h' 1w,,,,

'''''''''''1

"f~"'",,'5

•.

~'.

,'''''"'"110,

,'''"

,'"rr.,~

L1CENSl,

P~'D

"""

:t"

"'"

Sh""

an,

the

moe,"ml

STO"ES

"'''

or

I, "

"",'",

,":k

'<ta,1

Th'

" "Iu,d

'-'P'nd'DIe

"""",.

""~,,iv.

b' ,"tcm,'to•

W.\RR~'

DU","ONramE

·,m,'",,,

CAU''''

"""

EVENT

aliT

us,

R~O'O

UY

'USTO""

j"3\'

io

"'i,,rlngor'","',hl"O E''''TIen' end,'"

or

L"""d·,,,

'''er

,"re""d

SlI''''''

of

-h.

,O"r"ln, ,,,,,',,nm,,,l '"

,j"

""me~.

pon

"hI'"t"&J""''''

SH'OK

'.NJ

"h"'"

<10'"

"";,,,,

'"n

",,·",."'I~'

n.

f3[':

"."

oer",,,

PHOF-rS"'

OF

u, ""01'."m

SfLACK'S

,~,

"te

FQUIPMENT~ylHE

FR~"

RAD,e

n"

"'"

duri" ,h._,.

plt",o"""

cUSTOMER'S""."

of

",

W'"",

10'

Ol1gll1'

"'''d'' d."

R""

"cun

"nt

""ho"e<!"

liES.

AND

DUAA'18NOFTHE

,bov.

0''''

[;;,0

CO"FQUE~T1AL

S"-,L'

RADIO

A~Y ~HEACH

LIABILITY

~"

'~E

,.,;"

chiS

ot

,,,

"m,o".

'" '""..,

RADIO

SHACK

CO",'II,"

''''''

'h,II

di"""

,roL

,,,,,,,,,.

cop',,,

C1

SOl',,,,,"

'"m'

""

for

b"<L~

""nLt,,.

"'ml><'O'add""'"

&J"",,,,,

~r,,""

"'"

a",

l.

".DlO

"DlO

'HACK

100""

Ih'

o"e1'

S~~8K

,,,,

"'hts.

."""''''

,,,tore'

"10","

","oJ

"""m~

m,

at

,"h",

,,",,"~

roOios

'USTO"'R'"purcha,e<!

,,,Ii,,,·,

to

'"'CK",CUSTOMER"

ee',

"

ron"",

of

,~D'O

,nc

co,

",I!;",

I""

"",,m,ot

""M'

'h,

"""""0"'

"hiM

re",',,"

"po,

P"''''''

,sto'"

'"-'OK

OD""'d.orilTtt' EOHM"I

"''''nL,

R.,,,

"""

use0'tho

CUSTO"",

olt","""""RCO"

S~,"

C,m~·",

'ilB

AN'

'M".

"m'"lon((,m"not

TO~ECAU"D

SHACK,

'"',

SHACK"

OF

THIS

USE

OF

HFRFU'OER

PARTI~UL-,"

W"r"",

ma,

R,'ro Shoe' sa,,,

10'M","

SOl""""",,,

So"",,,,,

'"OM:

,"'"

""'

(,r

If.','

lor

'J"

th'

SO;,

..".

pUlP""

,110\1'

-'

oaek,,,

'or

CUSTO"ER'S

'"''

P"'"

'""'

SHItG'

C%TO"ER

ORIG'N'·_

FR'NCH'SEES

,,,,,,.

Oh,,,

I""h""

,,""','"

"'

RADI"

Sd'L"'.~

""",""

c.""", '

'''''..'rtanti"

'Q

WARRA~lY0,'''''H~'TA''L1-'

'NH"m

D'R,orLYOR'NDIRECTLY

'In'NG,

~A"AGES

LIABLE

WARRANTV8RI·,

T~E

"EO",,",,"T"

FOR

EOU'PMENT"0''

b.

",,,,hF

,,,,me,,

lim'"

"~,,",,.

·"1",,,toCUSTO"

",,,,,,,,,

or

,no

comp""',

or

i'

'dO',",

mpy"b.m'de.

own

0"'

"Pi

"""'''''

'iih",

",,

'""m'nt

'h,

oct1O[,

m"1

"'"

,

"0""'

e",,'~

'" E"i,rrent

of·,h.

E,,,,me~..R~D·O

"

'tOO

'ton.

CII"OM,R

A~D

D,ALE,S

'"

80ft.·,,,

,",

dele',," E,",

or

',a1"

reTI", '"

S~ACK

Sc'"",,

"",pt"
",me<!y,

In

'h<ok

R""

Slack

",")'

_'MITW

WARRA~

'M'

,,,

'JST8~FR

a~

A~'

O-HER

BUT

NOT

U'J'Eu

RESULT'NG

FOR

lOS,OFPROFTS.

0'

~A"AGtS

Soltv,'""

m,,,,

-han

lOrt1O

:;,:s:'

"'"

'",i'~

[H,

I'

'h,

S,t",""

'"'"

""""

use

'Ii

h'

S'~"'aI'

"'""

"'h,

0' th'

[qulpmcoJ

" ,

"'''d

1''''1''""''''

ow,,,

",",'d

o'h"

"0""

"""

,I

"'d"

"'p,",,,

'"'

"d

So'l''''"

m,,,"'"''

""'

F~O"

At

IlS

n"

\"0

pmen'

""k

'J.,','

,",

"e'tol

'''d

,,',

''''i''diothi'

to,

""','L

,,''''

",,,.,:;om

10

,,1,

do.~,~,,"

rete.!1

"",

f

TIES

S[l

PER'ON

3Y

10,

".,

FRO"

TH,

.,"'

"SOFTWAeF'

INCL'RRED

bU'

,~

So"",,-,

OR

'''"",R

S,]FfI'IA"E"

-,,,,

f2! ,',""

Equpn,'Ii"

usio,,\,

m"

'10

""d','I,,"

not

,;", Ii'

p"rr'~

"",

,,,,,l1icalll

"quire-:!

H""O\Bt.

to, ,"en

rIO'"~

.,d,'oJ

,,,,,,",,'

toe

"'h

'h

,"w

BY

,,,

"

io

The

FCC

wan\$

you10kn<>W

Worn

ng:

This 00"1",,,",-[ gene'otcs

radio

ire'l"cnc'1

"'k!

accordonc0 w:'h Ihe

intwl~r""ce

and

res

"ee"

some"t;"') "evice p"rsuon' ,,, 3"",,,'.'1

R'Jles. whi',h Are

le,-,iQn

again,"

c-0m,y'"'c-i," "nVTOn",on'. Ope,di0r-01trisoq..

[cs;OonUal

the Uffir al h

ever

m~aSLr"S

",'erg,. and if not

10

moiG

C""'""J"icalions.

toune to

,'"signed

,,,er,

"rea,

likel'I'0 Gause ·"lerler8ncei'\01

Sown

expense

"'a)'

l'"

• '

"'d

.,',j

nC>!o

I~d

h:'ue:

ons eranLl"', l'"\' Co'J,e

It

ho'

c0",pl)'

wiltl

:"e

,'mi',

J"I

to pro'.""'"""-'00

"I~·terercc

requirootooo'reollhe

'0'1,1

~e

'""en

re~u

reo to take

Part'5

"P""I~c

ce"

",oj

0,,,1

Lisee

he"'"

',,,,,.,,,

iO' 0

Cia"

_of

e 1"'0

irC1en'

ell

CO,""

wea'_

intertcrcocc

ele

,CC

i'- "

,-"

•

-n

A

•

TRS·XENIX Operating Sj'$1em:

Copyright 1982 Mic",..,II,

All

Rights R

TRs-&iI

Rt'fJr'Oductior or

-'om

landy

pronNe~.

pmoaraliu"

(orpo-a'ior 88$J'ne,noI,ability
or

omissioo'·n1119

tio"

obt.i"ea

.....

rved. llcenoed!<l Tandy Corpor.llon,

TRSOOS

Copyright

TRSOOS-II

Copyright 1982 Tandy Corporation.

L1c.nsed

15--Meg

Copyrlghl198J

Corpcratio,'

Wei

01

h","ir,

2,Ob

Oper.tlng Syll1em:

19811

Tandy CO,porotion.

All

Rights R

Oper.ling Syatem:

All

RlgMa

Reser.od.

BASIC Software:

Copyright

Buill_In

All

,,'c,

e reosorabl"

'h'

19BO

All

Right. R

to TondY Corporation

Hard

Firs!

Manu."

Tandy Corpor.tlon,

RighI.Ro••

",I",-ou' express wri'W r,e,o-,,,.o,,

'Or

or,),

efiorlS

marcol '''' aSSur" ito accu'acy. Tandy
manual, or

.....

rved.

Mlcro.oII.

.......

d.

DISk

Sys1em _ Road Mo

rved,

porticnof'l1i,'

I,a-,e been

'."ul:·ng

fm'11

tho "S"

'a,onr,'11.

I'um

any

0'·

'.he lei,,,,,,,,,

en"n"8 ,

error>

•

INTRODUCTION

About Your System

•

Congrafu'a:,ons
Hard

Disk System This<9a

storage device

more information storage and faster

a TRS-80 System And with Radio Shack's

with

oeripherals

secortd hard

The Hard D,s\( System soeclal features i'le ude

• Maximum storage c8.oacity of15megabytes (per drivel

•

5-Mbi~5/seGond

fasler

• Environmentally sealed head and disk chamber for safer data
storage and longer disk life
An

•
store

1'18n

enhanced floppy diskette data s:orage format

more informationonan

011

your purchase of the TRS-80"

computer

You

'I'

find ittobe a va:uable tool which gives you

you

Ca'l exparld your sys:err to include printers a

dis~

graphics oplions, fwd more,

data transfe'

floppy diske:les,

rate

8" diskette than ever betore

system

dala

retrieval Hlan ever before

wilichisat

i5-Meg

With

a

larlle

least 10 times

·.hat

Buil:-in

buil-in

selection

lets you

rra5S

About This Manual

This manual cO'ltains the information you
explains fhe various oartsofyour syolem,

disks, and how to 'nsta I your sys'em

ti'e System, load a p'ogram, and use some of the more halpful

it

commands, In addition,

know

also exp'ains some lerms you

reedtoGAf

"Ie

It

also shows

started

different

110Wtooperate

:ypes

roeed

If

of

to

01

•

•

is

Since this
optional
information

a 'getting-star:ed" manual,itdoes not describA

featLrcs availaolf! with

on

each command, refer to the

eaCh

command For comp'e:e

programmirg

manuals,

Notational Conventions

Tne tollowing

CAPITALS

Any words or charac'ers

exactlyasthey appear,

lowercase

Fields showninower case
must substitute a va;ue for,

lXEYBOARD'

Any wordorcharacler conla,ned within a box represents a

keyboard key to

Ellipses indicale that a

filespec

A field shownasa filespec indicates a standard TRSDOS file
specification of

thai

with the Built-in Hard Disk System, d (Drive) can be any

number between 0-7.

co~ve~tions

Italics

bA

pressed

the torm: ,Ii,'enameiext.password,'d(disk

afe usedtoshow syntax ill 'his manual

w'1iCh

fie

are uopercase must be typed

,ta

ics are variable intormation :hat you

d enlry rnay be re'Jeated,

name)

all

in

Note

the

•

punctuation

Punctuation other than ellipses must be entered as shown

1

delimiters •

Commands must be
more b'ank spaces

separated from
or

more blanks, or by oneormore blanks. Blanks and commas

may not appear within

•

each

sepwaled

Multipe

o~her

by

an

oDe

from their operands by one

op€(ands, where allowed. may oe

a comma, a comma followed by orle

rand

or

•

•

2

•

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section II Installation and Power Up

'"

Il's'alling your Buill-;n

Your Equipment

Installing Your Sys,em

Instal;ir,g Peripheral

rlard

Disk

[qLipmenl

Sys~em

5
6

9

10

•

2/ AboLt Disks and Programs,

TypesofDisk;
Disk Format and
Ooerating Systems and

3.:

Power-Up"'Power-Down

Powering Up
Powenng Dow!'

E'lor Messages"

Section

4/ Hard Disk

5/

Hacd

Section

6/

Backing Uo TRSDOS-II ar'ld TRSDOS

III

Hard Disk Control

Sys~em

Disk Systenl Prepsralion,TRSDOS-11 , '

Preparing Your Primary Hard Disk "

Preparil'g You' Secondary Hard Dicik" 24
Preparing TRSDOS Aoplication Programs, 26
Copying TRSDOS-II Programs
Creating a Gackur Liorary 26

RUl'niflg TRSDOS-II Programs

1111

Floppy Diskette Preparation

Backing Up
Backing

Tips

lip

on

S;J.feguarding

hies"

:ne

System

PreparationiTRS-XE..\JIX

Yo~r

TRSDOS-II Systef'ls

Your Thinline TRSDOS 2,0b Diskette,

Dala"

A;JplicatiQ~

Progra'lls

on:o a Hard Qisk.

iJrder

Hard Oisk Ccr,lrol" 26

200,

Diskel~e,

'"

"

,26

"

'3

13

15

10

17

17

20

20

21

23

23

"

27

28

30

•

7/

Using T9SDOS Programs

Prerari~g

Removing and Swapping Diskel1es

Forma~ling

a/

Sample Sessiol1

TRSDOS Programs

Diskettes"

Section IVI Maintenance and Appendices

9/ Maintenance

Care of Floppy Diske'les
Floppy Diskette Drive
Secondary Hard Disk Drive

Maintenance,

Main~enance

Appendices

A / Problems and Error Messages

/ The BACKUP and SAVE/RESTORE UtiHies ,

B
C / Graphics Codes
0/

Specifications

E / Quick Reference Chart,

/ Keyboard COde

F

,_

Map

",33

""

31
31

33

35

37
37
38

38

39

47

59

60

67

68

3

•

•

•

SECTION

1/

•

INSTALLATION

AND POWER-UP

•

•

•

•

•

CHAPTER

BUILT-IN HARD DISK SYSTEM

1:

INSTALLING YOUR

•

This chapter shows you how to install your Built-in Hard Disk
System.

•

Built-in Hard Disk System Console and Keyboard.

•

5

Your Equipment

Carefully unpack the Built-in Hard Disk system and make sure you
have the following items:

Display
Console

Keyboard

You

should also have these programming manuals:

• TRS-XENIX Operations Guide

•.

Power Cord

• TRSOOS-I/ Reference Manual

• BASIC Reference Manual

On

all hard disk units, flawsinthe media are identified before the •

disk drives are delivered to you. Attached to the inside the access

on

panel
Secondary Hard Disk Unit (if you have one)
RECORD which specifies the errors

throw this map away!

the disk and Radio Shack service technicians may need to refer to

it

if your drive ever needs servicing.

At the front of your manuals, you'll find these floppy diskettes:

• TRS-XENIX

• TRSDOS-II

• Thinline TRSDOS 2.0b

(Chapter 2 explains how to prepare diskettes for information
storage. Diskettes must be handled carefully, so read Chapter 2
before you use your diskettes.)

the back of your display console or the bottom of your

You

may need to refertoit when formatting

Systems Diskettes (3)

Systems Diskette
with BASIC Interpreter

Diskette with BASIC

Interpreter

(includes addendum)

is

a DISK FLAW

on

your particular unit.

Do

not

Note: Your system may also include
stand-alone hard disk drive unit (Drive 5) and/or a floppy diskette
expansion unit with up to two drives (Drives 2 and
units are optional extras.

Save the packing materials
system.

in

case you need to transport your

an

optional secondary

3).

These •

6

About Your Equipment

•

Power Light

Display
Console

Reset Button Keyboard

Reset Button - Repeats

the

power-up sequence.

Drive 4 Drive 0

Drive
Light

Drive
Latch

•

Power Light - Lighted when the system's power

move the unit while

Drive Light - Never remove a diskette when the drive light

lit.

Contrast

is

on.

Never

Power

Brightness

is

on.

•

7

Function

Keys

•

(CAPS)

codes for the alphabet keys.

(CAPS)

(SHIFT),

symbols. Hold down
press the
lightison,
press

Numeric Keypad - These keys are not affected by

ar

(RPT)

same time
To

- When the

oncetoturn the caps-only mode off ar

(LOCK)

(LOCK)

only shifted characters are output.

(SHIFT).

(CAPS).

- Repeats a character continuously when held down

as

determine the uses of other keys, see your program manual.

(CAPS)

- Lets

once (the red light comes on). When the

another

lightison,

It

you

input capital letters and shift punctuation

(SHIFT)

key.

while pressing the desired key or

(CAPS)

does not affect other keys. Press

sends only capital-letter

on.

To

release

(LOCK)

(LOCK),

(SHIFT),

Optional Equipment

If

you

have peripheral equipment, suchasan
secondary hard disk or printer, follow the instructions
Peripheral Equipment" and the manual(s) supplied with the
equipment. Visit your Radio Shack Computer Center

the other equipment you can use with your Built-in Hard Disk

System.

optional stand-alone

in

"Installing

to

learn about

(LOCK),

at

the •

•

8

•

Installing Your System

Improperly Connecting or grounding the System exposes you to

It

the danger of electrical shock.

data. Follow these installation instructions carefully.

1.

Place your Built-in Hard Disk System near a grounded, 120
VAC, 3-prong outlet that does not power heavy machinery,
copiers, or office machines with defective switches. (or use a
grounded power strip such as Radio Shack's Plug-In Power
Strip.)

2.

Make sure all equipmentisturned off.

3.

Connect the keyboard's built-in cabletothe display console.

also endangers your System and

•

4.

Plug the power cord into the back of the display console.

5.

Plug the power cord directly into the outlet or grounded power

in

strip specified

Step 1.

•

9

Installing Peripheral Equipment

You

can use other Radio Shack equipment (such
secondary hard disk or a floppy diskette expansion unit) with your
Built-in Hard Disk System.

following instructions and the manual(s) supplied with the

equipment.

Externally Connected Peripheral Equipment

Serial If0

Connectors

as

a printer, a

To

install such equipment, refertothe

•

External Peripheral Equipment Connections.

Parallel Printer Connector -

parallel printers. Make sure the printer cable exits the bottom of

the connector.

Serial I/O Connector - Used

serial line printers, modems, and data terminals. When connecting
a DB-25 type cable, fit the cable connector
Disk System's connector.

Internally Connected Peripheral Equipment

The

floppy diskette and hard disk expansion connectors are

behind the Input/Output Access Panel

Hard Disk System.

Floppy Diskette Expansion Connector - Used to add floppy

diskette storage devices, such

Instructions for connecting the cable are

Hard Disk Expansion Connectors - Used

secondary hard disk. Your system has these connectors only if the
system has a built-in hard disk. Instructions for connecting the
cables are

The

illustrationonthe next page shows the floppy and hard disk

expansion connectors with cables attached.

on

the next page.

Used to connect Radio Shack

to

install serial equipment such

to

your Built-in Hard

on

the back of your Built-in

as

the Thinline Disk

on

the next page.

to

add

Bay.

an

optional

as

•

•

10

•

.lra;"

B...

cke1

-'.,-'

r

H.m

Di'k

E.p,n,;on

1 Remove the access panel by loosening the tbumbscrews.

Co"n""'"

Flo",",

Exp,n,ioo

D;,k""

Co"n"',,

A...,,,

P,,,,,I

RoH

..

•

2 Attach

to the appropriate connector. Connect

Hard Disk Exoansion Cable Connector to 'he 34-pin snap-II'

connectoronthe
20·pin Data Cable Connectortothe 20-pin snap-ill connector
on

If

connector

the chassis Connect the other end at the cable10the

E~pansioll

Position all the

the cables exit from

3,

Remove the strain relief orackets frorr the access panel.
the cables downward through the "strain reliefs" nearest
the cables. leaving abOl.t 8 incJl€sofcable between the strain
relief and the computer,

4 Replace the strain relief brackets and

the notch
5 Replace the
Also, the Hard Disk Drivesinyour System must always contain a

L'lne

Terminator. Check

for defails,

the

you

are

'he

cables thai are included wittl

edge

of the

edgeof'he

conll8cting a Floopy Disk Expansion Uilit attach

on

Unit

,n

the compufer base

access panel and tighten the thumbscrews

P,C,

one end of

B~ill-in

Hard Disk internal connectors so

'he

With

PC.

board

,he

cable to the 50-p;n connector on

bolton"""

your

RadiO

yOLr

expansion unit

tl19

34-pin Secondary

board, Also

rU1

S'lack COll'puter Center

conrwctll18

the cab'as through

tl'at

Run
fo

the

•

"

•

•

•

CHAPTER

2:

ABOUT DISKS AND

PROGRAMS

•

Corr,puters

• Ternporariy,In
mcmo

•

Permarentl/

Disks die

way

11'9

YaueBui

• F

•

can

stere inforrnacorin

c

'y',1

Oleoft.he

sysle'n

1-1'1

HaeQ

opay

dis..;ettes _ Your

buil:-in

diske:te

Hard
rard
t'arcl disk drive can oe Boded (Driv'9 5)

fbopy

d'ves

disks _

disK dr:ve (Drive t.) and

rTl&rTlory

inasto,cage

l;est s:orage devices available because at

elm orDani?p

Dis"

drive

C81'

vour

(tL.rnilg

System

Drive

bp.

added

Built-in

oevice

2nd

3Jilt-ir

Floppy Diskettes

For)oy
"floppy'

dlskeJes

dis<elle~

"lears

'IS

are corwer'ienl and inexpensive The

~1e

disKette

dlsc'Jssec Idler

Dercc

'''I

Ih'lS

1'·,vo

ways:

:le

compute'

index il1form9-,ononIrelD

call

LSO

two :ypesofdisks

Hard

Jok

\)1

ald

other periphe'al floopy

Ha'd

Disk System

anc:'ler

if misha1dled Careojfloppy

r"lam,ClI,

oeripherai

off erases

System has one

ras

secondary

lerrr

onc

~he

Types of Disks

b'Ji I-in

•

I

~ere

are

lwo

IYlles01Iloopy disketles

BLilt-ir Hard DskS\'stom'

• S'ngle sided d'skettes

if'le'rllatillrl,

• Ocub,:e-sidecf diske!les

beCfl,JSe 1hey use both sides

YOI,

oa1 use

can

store aroJrld 500 000 bytes

can

s~ore

lwice as

mUCl1

will'

y'llJr

01

inforrllalior

•

13

Label

•

Sector Hole

14

Not

Do

Label - After placing a label

felt-tip pen only. (Currently, Radio Shack diskettes are labeled as
single- or double-sided.
single-sided diskette.)

Write-Protect Tab -

must write enable the diskette.
write-protect notch with one of the gummed-foil tabs provided.
cannot change a diskette's information if the write-protect notch
uncovered.

Sector Hole -

Keep diskettes away from dirt, pressure, magnetic fields, and
excessive heat and sunlight.
"Maintenance.")

Hard Disks

Unlike floppy diskettes, hard
disks cannot be removed from

their drives. Hard disks are

sturdier, faster, and store more
bytes of information.

To

Itisoff-centerondouble-sided diskettes.

on

If

a disketteisnot labeled,itis

change informationona diskette, you

Do

Touch

a diskette, writeonit with a

an

Do

this by covering the

not bend them. (See Chapter

older,

You

9,

•

is

•

Disk Format and Files

•

You can slore programs and
because of the
informatio'l

• Disk Forno3t

•

Di~k

Formatting prepares disks ;or

into tile patisofa "filing'

bytes.IIalso

You can store irltor1l8.tion
contains

Formatted.

The blank diskettes you buyin8
are nol formatted
"Formatting Disks"

Preparation'

Disk Files

whatever you putinthem programs,

eaer,

through

an

fie

has a different name, Disk files uSl;aily are created

an

€ffic;el~l

on

disks The two

Files

createsadirectory

application programoroperating systemisalready

To

lorfYlat a data diskette, follow

in

ChaptfH 7

are similarto'he

application program

lren

cas;-y retrieve

way your operati1g systO'll

OFms

of disk organization are

irfcrma'ion

system

on

cylirlders, tracks, s,eclors,

on

ElaC>l

forllatted

RadiO

'Topoy

f1esina file

Operating Systems and Application Programs

R'1d

run the'll

organiles

stom>]€11J;vides disks

and

d:.sk

disks only. Any disk thaI

SI'W.;k

ca~a,

Computer Center

me

Jskette

cabine

Systam

Tiley carl

information and

sLeps

under

cor<tain

•

Operating
eompu!er, They let
peripherals, and use ap;)licatiori programs

Application programs

bookkeeping, word processing, and program develooment

8Y3te'-'18

are prograrns that
you

C'lanipulate and

he'p

you

perform tasks such

enabe

s~ore

yOL

to operale a

data, contro

as

Operating Systems

Your system cornes with threa operati'1!) sysleC'ls',

• TRS-XENIX

• TRSOOS-II

• TRSOOS

All application prograrns

systemsinDrive 0 or on Drive4,To
systern your

• Application manual

• Diskette label The laoel identifies a TRS-XENIX, TRSDOS-II,
or

TRSDOS application program, If a syslernisno: given, you

have

To

learn rnore aboLt your operaling systems see the appropriale

manLal
TRS-XENIX

TRSDOS-II and TRSOOS -

2,0b

'llus:

be

r~n

wifh O'le of

determine which oDerating

apolicmion program uses, check

a TRSDOS apolication,

Operations Guide

TRSOOS-ii Reference Manual

~hese

operating

•

Application Programs

Your system comes with one application program, BASIC

BASICISa TRSDOS-II!TRSDOS program (it runs under TRSDOS

and TRSDOS-II) This application program lets you write programs

in

BASIC (Beginners' All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code)

To

learn more about your applications programs, see the

appropriate manual.
BASIC - BASIC Reference Manual

•

•

16

•

•

CHAPTER 3: POWER-UP/POWER-DOWN

Always turn your Built-in Hard Disk System on and off exactly as

describedinthis chapter. Any changeinthe sequences
damage

You

hard disk control or under floppy diskette control. Because hard

disk operationismore efficient, you'll probably operate under hard

disk control most of the time.

Until you have prepared your hard disk (Chapter 4 or 5), you must

operate under floppy diskette control

1.

2.

3 Turn on any other peripheral equipment.

the system and data.

can use your Built-in Hard Disk Systemintwo ways: under

Make sure

off.

Turn on the System by pushing the power switch forward.

Built-in Hard Disk Drive4,Floppy Disk Drive

Secondary Hard Disk Driveifpresent, will be turned on
automatically. Allow 1 minute warm-up for the hard disk
drives,

all

diskette drives are empty and

all

ill

might

Powering Up the System

equipment

and the

is

•

Hard Disk Control

After you have initialized your hard
system on

load the operating system. You can then begin using your system.

it,

the system will

go

disk

by storing your operating

to Drive 4 first, and automatically

Floppy Diskette Control

To operate under floppy diskette control press (Hfl)
the "white-out" of the video display. The message INSERT

DISKETTE is displayed to indicate that you are operating under

floppy diskette control.

If INSERT DISKETIE is not displayed or the hard
system does not load:

• Press the reset button.

• Then press

• Adjust the brightness and contrast controls,

• Turn off all peripherals and then turn off the System and
check all connections,

• See

When INSERT DISKETTE is displayed, turn on any peripheral
equipment.

AppendixA,"Error Messages."

(HffI

~.

(BREAK)

disk

during

operating

•

17

Inserting a Floppy Diskette

1.

Power up your Built-in Hard Disk System and press

(BREAK).

2.

Make sure the drive latchisin

3.

Carefully insert the TRSDOS-II operating system diskette into
Drive

into the slot until

The

"INSERT DISKETTE" message will be displayed.

the vertical position.

0,

with the label facing the display.

it

locks into place.

Push

Drive 0

Drive Latch

the diskette

(RPTJ

•

NOTE:

4.

To

make a Backup of the supplied

TRSDOS-II Diskettes see Chapter

Rotate the drive latch clockwise until it locks into a horizontal
position. After a few seconds, the start-up message, which
shown below, appears

on

the display.

TRSDOS

6.

2.0b and

•

is

18

Note: Never turn the System

Doing

so

can destroy your data.

on

or off when a disketteisin

a drive.

•

•

Enter the dateinthe format displayedonyour screen. For
example, for September

1,

1983, type:

09/01/1983

To

skip the

CENlIID,

displayed, 24-hour format (seconds are optional). For example,
2:30 p.m., type:

• Your screen shows:

This message indicates that TRSDOS-II is ready to accept a
command or load

If,

This starts the timeat00.00.00.

14.30

TRSDOS-II Ready

instead of the above start-up message:

An

•
Messages."

• The message NOT A
remove the diskette. Correctly insert
diskette into Drive

•

No
inserted the diskette incorrectly. Remove
Step 2.

(ENTER)

ENTER

(ENTER)

error messageisdisplayed, see AppendixA,"Error

messageisdisplayed within 30 seconds, you probably

TIME prompt nowonyour screen, press

Or,

enter the timeinthe

an

application program,

SYSTEM

0.

Press the reset button.

DISKETTEisdisplayed,

an

operating system

it

and go back

to

•

19

Removing a Floppy Diskette

1.

Make sure the drive light is off.

2.

Rotate the drive latch
position. The diskette

3.

Carefully remove the diskette from the drive,
shiny surface
storage envelope.

does

counterclockwise
pops

partially out of the drive.

not touch anything. Putitback

Drive Light Off

until it isinthe vertical

making

sure its

into its

•

Powering Down the System

1.

Make sure all the
Turn off all peripheral

2.
will be turned off with the System).

3.

Turn off the system

Error Messages

Whenever you
wrong
message. If the error
command,

If you still
Messages."Itcontains a
appropriate

way, the Built-in

typeacommand

try typing it again.

get

the error, refer to

action for

floppy

equipment

by

pushing the

Hard

occurred

description

each

error.

drives are empty.

(Secondary Hard Disk Drive

power

incorrectly or try to use itinthe

Disk System notifies you with an error

simply

AppendixA,"Problems

because

of the

switch back.

you

causes

mistyped

and

and

the

Error

•

20

•

•

SECTION

HARD DISK CONTROL

To

use your hard disk, you must first prepare it. How you do this

depends

• TRS-XENIX programs - Programs that run under the

TRS-XENIX, multi-user operating system (Multi-user means that

more than one person can use the operating system at the

same time.)

• TRSDOS-II or TRSDOS programs - Programs that run under
the TRSDOS-II or TRSDOS, single-user operating system.

You

programs under the same operatinq system You must select one

operating system or the other

on

cannot

what programs you will run under hard disk control.

run

both TRS-XENIX and TRSDOS-lliTRSDOS

I

11/

•

Customers with

hard disk for TRS-XENIX programs (Chapter

Customers with TRSDOS-IIITRSDOS programs: Prepare your

primary hard disk for TRSDOS-lliTRSDOS programs (Chapter 5).

Customers with both TRS-XENIX programs and

TRSDOS-II/TRSDOS

run

only under hard disk control, whereas TRSDOS-lliTRSDOS

programs will run under both hard disk control and floppy diskette

control (Exceptions are a few hard disk TRSDOS-II programs that

run

will

We

programs (Chapter 4). Then,

programs under floppy diskette Control (Chapter

only under hard disk control.)

recommend you prepare your primary hard disk for TRS-XENIX

TRS~XENIX

programs:

programs: Prepare your primary

run

4)

most

TRS-XENIXprograms will

your TRSDOS-IIITRSDDS

7)

•