Objective specification
File under Integrated Circuits, IC02
Philips Semiconductors
January 1995
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV
processor
FEATURES
• Multistandard vision IF circuit (positive and
negative modulation)
• Video identification circuit in the IF circuit which is
independent of the synchronization for stable On Screen
Display (OSD) under ‘no-signal’ conditions
• Source selection with 2 Colour Video Blanking
Synchronization (CVBS) inputs and a Y/C (or extra
CVBS) input
• Output signals of the video switch circuit for the teletext
decoder and a Picture-In-Picture (PIP) processor
• Integrated chrominance trap and bandpass filters
(automatically calibrated)
• Integrated luminance delay line
• Asymmetrical peaking in the luminance channel with a
(defeatable) noise coring function
• PAL/NTSC colour decoder with automatic search
system
• Easy interfacing with the TDA8395 (SECAM decoder)
for multistandard applications
• RGB control circuit with black-current stabilization and
white point adjustment; to obtain a good grey scale
tracking the black-current ratio of the 3 guns depends on
the white point adjustment
• Linear RGB inputs and fast blanking
• Horizontal synchronization with two control loops and
alignment-free horizontal oscillator
• Vertical count-down circuit
• Geometry correction by means of modulation of the
vertical and EW drive
2
C-bus control of various functions
• I
• Low dissipation (850 mW)
• Small amount of peripheral components compared with
competition ICs
• Only one adjustment (vision IF demodulator)
• Y, U and V inputs and outputs.
TDA8366
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The TDA8366 is an I
processor. The circuit has been designed for use with the
baseband chrominance delay line TDA4665 and for
DC-coupled vertical and East-West (EW) output stages.
The device can process both CVBS and Y/C input signals
and has a linear RGB-input with fast blanking.
The peaking circuit generates asymmetrical overshoots
(the amplitude of the ‘black’ overshoots is approximately
2 times higher as the one of the ‘white’ overshoots) and
contains a (defeatable) coring function.
The RGB control circuit contains a black-current stabilizer
circuit with internal clamp capacitors. The white point of the
picture tube is adjusted via the I
The deflection control circuit provides a drive pulse for the
horizontal output stage, a differential sawtooth current for
the vertical output stage and an East-West drive current for
the East-West output stage.These signals can be
manipulated for geometry correction of the picture.
The supply voltage for the IC is 8 V. The IC is available in
an SDIP package with 52 pins and in a QFP package with
64 pins (see Chapter “Ordering information”).
The pin numbers indicated in this document are
referenced to the SDIP52; SOT247-1 package; unless
otherwise indicated.
The pin numbers mentioned in the rest of this document are referenced to the SDIP52 (SOT247-1) package.
January 19956
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV
processor
handbook, halfpage
DEC
CHROMA
CVBS
CVBS
LUMOUT
IFDEM1
IFDEM2
DEC
CVBS/Y
DEC
RGBIN
LUMIN
1
2
3
DIG
4
IFVO
SCL
5
6
SDA
7
BG
8
9
V
10
P1
11
INT
12
GND1
PIPO
1340
14
FT
15
EXT
16
BLKIN
17
BO
18
GO
19
RO
20
BCLIN
21
RI
22
GI
23
BI
24
25
26
TDA8366
MLA737 - 1
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
AGCOUT
DEC
AGC
I
ref
VSC
EHTO
IFIN2
IFIN1
VDR
(neg)
VDR
(pos)
EWD
GND2
PH1LF
PH2LF
FBI
HOUT
SCO
CVBS/TXT
V
P2
DET
XTAL2
XTAL1
SEC
ref
RYI
BYI
RYO
BYO
TDA8366
Fig.2 Pin configuration (SDIP52).
January 19957
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV
processor
handbook, full pagewidth
VDR
(neg)
IFIN1
IFIN2
EHTO
VSC
DEC
AGC
AGCOUT
IFDEM1
IFDEM2
DEC
DIG
IFVO
I
ref
n.c.
n.c.
(pos)
VDR
EWD
GND4
64
63
62
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
GND3
61
PH1LF
60
TDA8366H
PH2LF
59
FBI
58
HOUT
57
SCO
56
P2
V
CVBS/TXT
55
54
n.c.
53
DET
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
n.c.
XTAL2
XTAL1
SEC
ref
RYI
BYI
RYO
BYO
LUMOUT
LUMIN
n.c.
RGBIN
BI
GI
TDA8366
n.c.
15
SCL
16
SDA
17
DEC
BG
n.c.
18
19
20
21
CVBS/Y
CHROMA
22
P1
V
24
EXT
CVBS
25
GND1
23
P3
V
Fig.3 Pin configuration (QFP64).
January 19958
26
GND2
27
PIPO
28
FT
DEC
29
INT
CVBS
30
BLKIN
31
BO
32
GO
37
36
35
34
33
MLC756
RI
n.c.
BCLIN
n.c.
RO
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV
processor
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Vision IF amplifier
The IF-amplifier contains 3 AC-coupled control stages with
a total gain control range which is in excess of 66 dB. The
sensitivity of the circuit is comparable with that of modern
IF-ICs. The reference carrier for the video demodulator is
obtained by means of passive regeneration of the picture
carrier. The external reference tuned circuit is the only
remaining adjustment of the IC.
The polarity of the demodulator can be switched via the
2
I
C-bus in such a way that the circuit is suitable for both
positive and negative modulated signals.
The AFC-circuit is driven with the same reference signal as
the video demodulator. To avoid that the video content
disturbs the AFC operation a sample-and-hold circuit is
applied for signals with negative modulation. The capacitor
for this function is internal. The AFC information is supplied
to the tuning system via the I2C-bus.
The AGC-detector operates on top-sync or top white-level
depending on the polarity of the demodulator. The
demodulation polarity is switched via the I2C-bus. The
AGC detector time-constant capacitor is connected
externally (this mainly because of the flexibility of the
application). The time-constant of the AGC system during
positive modulation is rather long to avoid visible variations
of the signal amplitude. To obtain an acceptable speed of
the AGC system a circuit has been included which detects
whether the AGC detector is activated every frame period.
When during 3 frame periods no action is detected the
speed of the system is increased.
The circuit contains a video identification circuit which is
independent of the synchronization circuit. Therefore
search tuning is possible when the display section of the
receiver is used as a monitor. The identification output is
supplied to the tuning system via the I2C-bus. The
information of this identification circuit can also be used to
switch the phase-1 (ϕ1) loop to a low gain when no signal
is received so that a stable OSD display is obtained. The
coupling of the video identification circuit with the ϕ1loop
can be switched on and off via the I2C-bus.
TDA8366
Synchronization circuit
The sync separator is preceded by a controlled amplifier
which adjusts the sync pulse amplitude to a fixed level.
These pulses are fed to the slicing stage which is operating
at 50% of the amplitude.
The separated sync pulses are fed to the first phase
detector and to the coincidence detector. This coincidence
detector is only used to detect whether the line oscillator is
synchronized and not for transmitter identification. The first
Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) has a very high-statical
steepness so that the phase of the picture is independent
of the line frequency.
The line oscillator is running at twice the line frequency.
The oscillator capacitor is internal. Because of the spreads
of internal components an automatic adjustment circuit
has been added to the IC. It compares the oscillator
frequency with that of the crystal oscillator in the colour
decoder.
To protect the horizontal output transistor the horizontal
drive is switched-off when a power-on-reset is detected.
The frequency of the oscillator is calibrated again when all
subaddress bytes have been sent. When the oscillator has
the right frequency the calibration stops and the horizontal
drive is switched-on again via the soft start procedure
(standby bit in normal mode). When the IC is switched-on
the same procedure is followed.
When the coincidence detector indicates an out-of-lock
situation the calibration procedure is repeated.
The circuit has a second control loop to generate the drive
pulses for the horizontal driver stage. During the start-up
procedure the duty cycle of the horizontal output pulse
increases from 0 to 50% in approximately 100 lines.
The vertical sawtooth generator drives the vertical output
and EW correction drive circuits. The geometry processing
circuits provide control of horizontal shift, EW width, EW
parabola/width ratio, EW corner/parabola ratio, trapezium
correction, vertical shift, vertical slope, vertical amplitude,
and the S-correction. All these controls can be set via the
2
C-bus. The geometry processor has a differential current
I
January 19959
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV
processor
output for the vertical drive signal and a single-ended
output for the EW drive. Both the vertical drive and the EW
drive outputs can be modulated for EHT compensation.
The EHT compensation pin is also used for overvoltage
protection.
The geometry processor also offers the possibilities for
vertical compression (for display of 16 : 9 pictures on a
4 : 3 screen) and vertical expansion (for display of
4 : 3 pictures on a 16 : 9 screen with full picture width, or
for display of ‘letter-box’ transmissions on a 4 : 3 screen
with full picture height). For the expand mode it is possible
to shift the picture vertically (only one fixed position).
Also the de-interlace of the vertical output can be set via
the I2C-bus.
To avoid damage of the picture tube when the vertical
deflection fails the guard output current of the TDA8350
can be supplied to the sandcastle output. When a failure is
detected the RGB-outputs are blanked and a bit is set
(NDF) in the status byte of the I2C-bus. When no vertical
deflection output stage is connected this guard circuit will
also blank the output signals. This can be overruled by
means of the EVG bit of subaddress 0A (see Table 1).
TDA8366
Video switches
The circuit has two CVBS inputs and an Super-Video
Home System (S-VHS) input. The input can be chosen by
2
the I
C-bus. The input selector also has a position in which
CVBS
S-VHS input. When the input selector is in this position it
switches to the S-VHS input if the S-VHS detector detects
sync pulses on the S-VHS luminance input. The S-VHS
detector output can be read by the I2C-bus. When the
S-VHS option is not used the luminance input can be used
as a second input for external CVBS signals. The choice is
made via the CVS-bit (see Table 1).
The video switch circuit has two outputs which can be
programmed in a different way. The input signal for the
decoder is also available on the TXT output. Therefore this
signal can be used to drive the teletext decoder and the
SECAM add-on decoder. The signal on the PIP output can
be chosen independent of the TXT output. If S-VHS is
selected for one of the outputs the luminance and
chrominance signals are added so that a CVBS signal is
obtained again.
Colour decoder
is processed, unless there is a signal on the
EXT
Integrated video filters
The circuit contains a chrominance bandpass and trap
circuit. The chrominance trap filter in the luminance path is
designed for a symmetrical step response behaviour. The
filters are realized by means of gyrator circuits and they
are automatically tuned by comparing the tuning frequency
with the crystal frequency of the decoder. The luminance
delay line and the delay for the peaking circuit are also
realized by means of gyrator circuits.
It is possible to connect a Colour Transient Improvement
(CTI) or Picture Signal Improvement (PSI) IC to the
TDA8366. Therefore the luminance signal which has
passed the filter and delay line circuit is externally
available. The output signal of the transient improvement
circuit must be supplied to the luminance input circuit.
When the CTI function is not required the two pins must be
AC-coupled.
The colour decoder contains an alignment-free crystal
oscillator, a killer circuit and the colour difference
demodulators. The 90° phase shift for the reference signal
is made internally. The demodulation angle and gain ratio
for the colour difference signals for PAL and NTSC are
adapted to the standard.
The colour decoder is very flexible. Together with the
SECAM decoder TDA8395 an automatic multistandard
decoder can be designed.
Which standard the IC can decode depends on the
external crystals. If a 4.4 MHz and a 3.5 MHz crystal are
used PAL 4.4, NTSC 4.4, NTSC 3.5 and PAL 3.5 can be
decoded. If two 3.5 MHz crystals are used PAL N and M
can be decoded. If one crystal is connected only
PAL/NTSC 4.4 or PAL/NTSC 3.5 can be decoded. The
crystal frequency of the decoder is used to tune the line
oscillator. Therefore the value of the crystal frequency
must be given to the IC via the I
2
C-bus.
January 199510
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV
processor
RGB output circuit and black-current stabilization
The colour-difference signals are matrixed with the
luminance signal to obtain the RGB-signals. For the
RGB-inputs linear amplifiers have been chosen so that the
circuit is suited for signals coming from the SCART
connector. The contrast and brightness control operate on
internal and external signals.
The output signal has an amplitude of approximately 2 V
black-to-white at nominal input signals and nominal
settings of the controls.
The black current stabilization is realized by means of a
feedback from the video output amplifiers to the RGB
control circuit. The ‘black current’ of the 3 guns of the
picture tube is internally measured and stabilized. The
black level control is active during 4 lines at the end of the
vertical blanking. During the first line the leakage current is
measured and the following 3 lines the 3 guns are
adjusted to the required level. The maximum acceptable
leakage current is ±100 µA. The nominal value of the
‘black current’ is 10 µA. The ratio of the currents for the
various guns automatically tracks with the white point
adjustment so that the back-ground colour is the same as
the adjusted white point.
TDA8366
visible on the screen. As soon as the current supplied to
the measuring input exceeds a value of 190 µA the
stabilization circuit is activated. After a waiting time of
approximately 0.8 s the blanking and the beam current
limiting input pin are released. The remaining switch-on
behaviour of the picture is determined by the external time
constant of the beam current limiting network.
2
C-BUS SPECIFICATION
I
handbook, halfpage
X =don’t care.
Valid subaddresses: 00 to 13; subaddress FE is reserved
for test purposes. Auto-increment mode is available for
subaddresses.
A6A5A4A3A2A1A0
10001011/0
R/W
MLA743
Fig.4 Slave address (8A).
The input impedance of the ‘black-current’ measuring pin
is 15 kΩ. Therefore the beam current during scan will
cause the input voltage to exceed the supply voltage. The
internal protection will start conducting so that the
excessive current is bypassed.
When the TV receiver is switched-on the black current
stabilization circuit is not active, the RGB outputs are
blanked and beam current limiting input pin is
short-circuited. Only during the measuring lines will the
outputs supply a voltage of 5 V to the video output stage
so that it can be detected if the picture tube is warming up.
These pulses are switched-on after a waiting time of
approximately 0.5 s. This ensures that the vertical
deflection is activated so that the measuring pulses are not
Start-up procedure
Read the status bytes until POR = 0 and send all
subaddress bytes. The horizontal output signal is
switched-on when the oscillator is calibrated. It is possible
to have the horizontal output signal available before
calibration. Then the SFM bit must be set to logic 0.
Each time before the data in the IC is refreshed, the status
bytes must be read. If POR = 1, the procedure mentioned
above must be carried out to restart the IC.
When this procedure is not followed the horizontal
frequency may be incorrect after power-up or after a
power dip.
January 199511
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV
TDA8366
processor
Inputs
Table 1 Input status bits; note 1
FUNCTION
Source select00INAINBINCINDFOAFOBXAXB
Decoder mode01FORF FORSDLSTBPOCCM2CM1CM0
Hue02XXA5A4A3A2A1A0
Horizontal shift (HS)03XXA5A4A3A2A1A0
EW width (EW)04XXA5A4A3A2A1A0
EW parabola/width (PW)05XXA5A4A3A2A1A0
EW corner parabola (CP)06XXA5A4A3A2A1A0
EW trapezium (TC)07XXA5A4A3A2A1A0
Vertical slope (VS)08NCINXA5A4A3A2A1A0
Vertical amplitude (VA)09VIDLBMA5A4A3A2A1A0
S-correction (SC)0AHCOEVGA5A4A3A2A1A0
Vertical shift (VSH)0BSBLPRDA5A4A3A2A1A0
White point R0CEXPCLA5A4A3A2A1A0
White point G0DSFMCVSA5A4A3A2A1A0
White point B0EMATPHLA5A4A3A2A1A0
Peaking0FYD3YD2YD1YD0A3A2A1A0
Brightness10RBLCORA5A4A3A2A1A0
Saturation11IE1XA5A4A3A2A1A0
Contrast12AFWIFSA5A4A3A2A1A0
AGC take-over13MODVSWA5A4A3A2A1A0
1. For an equal delay of the luminance and chrominance
signal the delay must be set at a value of 160 ns. This
is only valid for a CVBS signal without group
delay distortions.
Table 25 RGB blanking
RBLRGB BLANKING
0not active
1active
EXPCLVERTICAL DEFLECTION MODE
00normal
01compress
10expand
11expand and lift
January 199514
Table 26 Noise coring (peaking)
CORNOISE CORING
0off
1on
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