12CHARACTERISTICS
13TEST AND APPLICATION INFORMATION
13.1East-West output stage
13.2Adjustment of geometry control parameters
14PACKAGE OUTLINES
15SOLDERING
15.1Introduction
15.2SDIP
15.2.1Soldering by dipping or by wave
15.2.2Repairing soldered joints
15.3QFP
15.3.1Reflow soldering
15.3.2Wave soldering
15.3.3Repairing soldered joints
16DEFINITIONS
17LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS
18PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS
2
C-BUS SPECIFICATION
TDA8376; TDA8376A
1996 Jan 262
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV processors
1FEATURES
• Source selection with 2 CVBS inputs and a Y/C (or extra
CVBS) input
• Output signals of the video switch circuit for the teletext
decoder and a Picture-In-Picture (PIP) processor
• Video identification circuit which is independent of the
synchronization for stable On Screen Display (OSD)
under ‘no-signal’ conditions
• Integrated chrominance trap with pre-shoot
compensation and bandpass filters (automatically
calibrated)
• Integrated luminance delay line
• Asymmetrical peaking in the luminance channel with a
(defeatable) noise coring function
• Black stretcher circuit in the luminance channel
• PAL/NTSC colour decoder with automatic search
system
• Easy interfacing with the TDA8395 (SECAM decoder)
for multistandard applications
• RGB control circuit with black-current stabilization and
white point adjustment; to obtain a good grey scale
tracking the black-current ratio of the 3 guns depends on
the white point adjustment
• Two linear RGB inputs and fast blanking
• Horizontal synchronization with two control loops and
alignment-free horizontal oscillator
• Vertical count-down circuit
• Geometry correction by modulation of the vertical and
E-W drive
• Vertical and horizontal zoom possibility for 16 : 9
applications (TDA8376A only)
2
C-bus control of various functions
• I
• Low dissipation (700 mW)
• Small amount of peripheral components compared with
competition ICs
• Y, U and V inputs and outputs.
2GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The TDA8376 and TDA8376A are alignment-free I
controlled video processors which contain a PAL/NTSC
colour decoder, luminance processor, sync processor,
RGB-control and deflection processor. The circuits have
been designed for use with the baseband chrominance
delay line TDA4665 and for DC-coupled vertical and
East-West (E-W) output stages. Both ICs are pin
compatible. The TDA8376A has a flexible horizontal and
vertical zoom possibility for 16 : 9 applications.
The supply voltage for the ICs is 8 V. The ICs are available
in an SDIP package with 52 pins and in a QFP package
with 64 pins (see Chapter 4).
The pin numbers indicated in this document are
referenced to the SDIP52; SOT247-1 package; unless
otherwise indicated.
TDA8376; TDA8376A
2
C-bus
1996 Jan 263
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV processors
TDA8376; TDA8376A
3QUICK REFERENCE DATA
SYMBOLPARAMETERMIN.TYP.MAX.UNIT
Supply
V
P
I
P
supply voltage−8.0−V
supply current−75−mA
Input voltages
V
9,13(p-p)
V
27(p-p)
V
6(p-p)
CVBS input voltage (peak-to-peak value)−1.0−V
S-VHS luminance input voltage (peak-to-peak value)−1.0−V
S-VHS chrominance input voltage (burst amplitude) (peak-to-peak
−0.3−V
value)
V
i(p-p)
RGB input voltage (peak-to-peak value)−0.7−V
Output voltages
V
38(p-p)
V
11(p-p)
V
30(p-p)
V
29(p-p)
V
19,20,21(p-p)
TXT output voltage (peak-to-peak value)−1.0−V
PIP output voltage (peak-to-peak value)−1.0−V
−(R−Y) output voltage (peak-to-peak value)−525−mV
−(B−Y) output voltage (peak-to-peak value)−675−mVRGB output signal voltage amplitudes (peak-to-peak value)−2.0−V
XTAL2
n.c.
XTAL1
n.c.
RYI
BYI
RYO
BYO
LUMOUT
LUMIN
RGBIN1
BI1
GI1
RI1
BCLIN
RO
GO
BO
n.c.
SEC
54
1996 Jan 269
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
P3
P1
V
INT
V
CVBS
GND1
GND2
PIPO
FT
DEC
Fig.3 Pin configuration (QFP64).
27
EXT
CVBS
28
29
RI2
RGBIN2
30
GI2
31
BI2
32
BLKIN
MGE077
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV processors
7FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
7.1Video switches
The circuit has two CVBS inputs and a Super-Video Home
System (S-VHS) input. The input can be chosen by the
2
I
C-bus. The input selector also has a position in which
CVBS
S-VHS input. When the input selector is in this position it
switches to the S-VHS input if the S-VHS detector detects
sync pulses on the S-VHS luminance input. The S-VHS
detector output can be read by the I2C-bus. When the
S-VHS option is not used the luminance input can be used
as a second input for external CVBS signals. The choice is
made via the CVS bit (see Table 1).
The video switch circuit has two outputs which can be
programmed in a different way. The input signal for the
decoder is also available on the TXT output. Therefore this
signal can be used to drive the teletext decoder and the
SECAM add-on decoder. The signal on the PIP output can
be chosen independent of the TXT output. If S-VHS is
selected for one of the outputs the luminance and
chrominance signals are added so that a CVBS signal is
obtained again.
The circuit contains a video identification circuit which
checks whether a video signal is available at the selected
video input. This circuit is independent of the
synchronization circuit. The information of this
identification circuit can also be used to switch the
phase-1 (ϕ1) loop to a low gain when no signal is received
so that a stable OSD display is obtained. The video
identification circuit can be switched on and off via the
I2C-bus.
7.2Integrated video filters, peaking and black
The circuit contains a chrominance bandpass and trap
circuit. The chrominance trap filter in the luminance path is
designed for a symmetrical step response behaviour. The
filters are realized by gyrator circuits and they are
automatically tuned by comparing the tuning frequency
with the crystal frequency of the decoder. The luminance
delay line and the delay for the peaking circuit are also
realized by gyrator circuits. During SECAM reception the
centre frequency of the chrominance trap is set to a value
of approximately 4.2 MHz to obtain a better suppression of
the SECAM carrier frequencies.
The peaking function is achieved by two luminance delay
cells each with a delay of 165 ns. The resulting peaking
frequency is 3 MHz. The peaking is asymmetrical so that
the overshoots in the direction of ‘black’ are approximately
two times higher than those in the direction of ‘white’.
is processed, unless there is a signal on the
EXT
stretcher
This provides a better picture impression than a
symmetrical peaking. The circuit contains a coring circuit
to prevent the noise content of the video signal being
amplified by the peaking circuit. This coring circuit can be
switched-off when required.
It is possible to connect a Colour Transient Improvement
(CTI) or Picture Signal Improvement (PSI) IC to the
TDA8376. The luminance signal which has passed the
filter and delay line circuit is available externally. The
output signal of the transient improvement circuit must be
applied to the luminance input circuit. When the CTI
function is not required the two pins must be AC-coupled.
The luminance signal below 50 IRE can be stretched in
accordance with the difference between the peak black
level and the blanking level of the back-porch of the video
signal. The black level stretcher can be switched-off by
connecting pin 2 to the positive supply line.
7.3Synchronization circuit
The sync separator is preceded by a controlled amplifier
which adjusts the sync pulse amplitude to a fixed level.
These pulses are fed to the slicing stage which is operating
at 50% of the amplitude.
The separated sync pulses are fed to the first phase
detector and to the coincidence detector. This coincidence
detector is only used to detect whether the line oscillator is
synchronized and not for transmitter identification. The first
Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) has a very high-statical
steepness so that the phase of the picture is independent
of the line frequency. To prevent the horizontal
synchronization being disturbed by anti-copy signals such
as Macrovision the phase detector is gated during the
vertical retrace period so that pulses during scan have no
effect on the output voltage. The position of this pulse is
asymmetrical and the width is approximately 22 µs.
The horizontal output signal is generated by an oscillator
which operates at twice the line frequency. Its frequency is
divided-by-two to lock the first control loop to the incoming
signal. The time-constant of the loop can be forced by the
2
I
time-constant depending on the noise content of the
incoming video signal. The free-running frequency of the
oscillator is determined by a digital control circuit which is
locked to the reference signal of the colour decoder. When
the IC is switched on the horizontal output signal is
suppressed and the oscillator is calibrated as soon as all
subaddress bytes have been sent. When the frequency of
the oscillator is correct the horizontal drive signal is
switched on.
TDA8376; TDA8376A
C-bus (fast or slow). If required the IC can select the
1996 Jan 2610
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV processors
To obtain a smooth switching-on and switching-off
behaviour of the horizontal output stage the horizontal
output frequency is doubled during switch-on and
switch-off (slow start/stop). During that time the duty factor
of the output pulse has such a value that maximum safety
is obtained for the output stage
To protect the horizontal output transistor the horizontal
drive is switched off when a power-on reset is detected.
The drive signal is switched on again when the normal
switch-on procedure is followed, i.e. all sub-address bytes
must be sent and, after calibration, the horizontal drive
signal will be released again via the slow start procedure.
When the coincidence detector indicates an out-of-lock
situation the calibration procedure is repeated.
The circuit has a second control loop to generate the drive
pulses for the horizontal driver stage. To prevent the
horizontal output transistor being switched on during
flyback the horizontal drive output is gated with the flyback
pulse.
The vertical sawtooth generator drives the vertical output
and E-W correction drive circuits. The geometry
processing circuits provide control of horizontal shift, E-W
width, E-W parabola/width ratio, E-W corner/parabola
ratio, trapezium correction, vertical shift, vertical slope,
vertical amplitude, and the S-correction. All these controls
can be set via the I2C-bus. The geometry processor has a
differential current output for the vertical drive signal and a
single-ended output for the E-W drive. Both the vertical
drive and the E-W drive outputs can be modulated for EHT
compensation. The EHT compensation pin is also used for
overvoltage protection.
The TDA8376A geometry processor also offers the
possibility for a flexible vertical and horizontal zoom mode
for 16 : 9 applications. Because of this feature an
additional control can be added on the remote control so
that the viewer can adjust the picture.
In addition the de-interlace of the vertical output can be set
via the I2C-bus.
To avoid damage of the picture tube when the vertical
deflection fails, the guard output current of the TDA8350
can be supplied to the sandcastle output. When a failure is
detected the RGB-outputs are blanked and a bit is set
(NDF) in the status byte of the I2C-bus. When no vertical
deflection output stage is connected this guard circuit will
also blank the output signals. This can be overruled by the
EVG bit of subaddress 0A (see Table 1).
7.4Colour decoder
The colour decoder contains an alignment-free crystal
oscillator, a killer circuit and the colour difference
demodulators. The 90° phase shift for the reference signal
is made internally. The demodulation angle and gain ratio
for the colour difference signals for PAL and NTSC are
adapted to the standard.
The colour decoder is very flexible. Together with the
SECAM decoder TDA8395 an automatic multistandard
decoder can be designed. In the automatic mode the
SECAM identification is accepted only when the vertical
frequency is 50 Hz. In the forced mode the system can
also identify signals with a vertical frequency of 60 Hz.
Which standard the IC can decode depends on the
external crystals. If a 4.4 MHz and a 3.5 MHz crystal are
used PAL 4.4, NTSC 4.4, NTSC 3.5 and PAL 3.5 can be
decoded. If two 3.5 MHz crystals are used PAL N and M
can be decoded. If one crystal is connected only
PAL/NTSC 4.4 or PAL/NTSC 3.5 can be decoded. The
crystal frequency of the decoder is used to tune the line
oscillator. Therefore the value of the crystal frequency
must be given to the IC via the I
calibration of the horizontal oscillator it is very important
that the crystal indication bits (XA and XB) are not
corrupted (see Table 6). For this reason the crystal bits
(SXA and SXB) can be read in the output bytes so that the
software can check the I2C-bus transmissions
(see Table 38).
7.5RGB output circuit and black-current
The colour-difference signals are matrixed with the
luminance signal to obtain the RGB-signals. For the
RGB-inputs linear amplifiers have been chosen so that the
circuit is suited for signals coming from the SCART
connector. The RGB2 inputs (pins 14 to 17) have priority
over the RGB1 inputs (pins 23 to 26). Both fast blanking
inputs can be blocked by I
and brightness controls operate on internal and external
signals.
stabilization
TDA8376; TDA8376A
2
C-bus. For a reliable
2
C-bus controls. The contrast
1996 Jan 2611
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV processors
The output signal has an amplitude of approximately 2 V
black-to-white at nominal input signals and nominal
settings of the controls.
The black current stabilization is realized by feedback from
the video output amplifiers to the RGB control circuit. The
‘black current’ of the 3 guns of the picture tube is internally
measured and stabilized. The black level control is active
during 4 lines at the end of the vertical blanking. During the
first line the leakage current is measured and the following
3 lines the 3 guns are adjusted to the required level. The
maximum acceptable leakage current is ±100 µA.
The nominal value of the ‘black current’ is 10 µA. The ratio
of the currents for the various guns automatically tracks
with the white point adjustment so that the background
colour is the same as the adjusted white point.
The input impedance of the ‘black-current’ measuring pin
is 15 kΩ. Therefore the beam current during scan will
cause the input voltage to exceed the supply voltage. The
internal protection will start conducting so that the
excessive current is bypassed.
When the TV receiver is switched on the black current
stabilization circuit is not active, the RGB outputs are
blanked and beam current limiting input pin is
short-circuited. Only during the measuring lines will the
outputs supply a voltage of 5 V to the video output stage
so that it can be detected if the picture tube is warming up.
These pulses are switched on after a waiting time of
approximately 0.5 s. This ensures that the vertical
deflection is activated so that the measuring pulses are not
visible on the screen. As soon as the current supplied to
the measuring input exceeds a value of 190 µA the
stabilization circuit is activated. After a waiting time of
approximately 0.8 s the blanking and the beam current
limiting input pin are released. The remaining switch-on
behaviour of the picture is determined by the external time
constant of the beam current limiting network.
8I
handbook, halfpage
Valid subaddresses: 00 to 13 (TDA8376) or 00 to 16
(TDA8376A); subaddress FE is reserved for test
purposes. Auto-increment mode is available for
subaddresses.
8.1Start-up procedure
Read the status bytes until POR = 0 and send all
subaddress bytes. The horizontal output signal is switched
on when the oscillator is calibrated.
Each time before the data in the IC is refreshed, the status
bytes must be read. If POR = 1, the procedure previously
mentioned must be carried out to restart the IC.
When this procedure is not followed the horizontal
frequency may be incorrect after power-up or after a
power dip.
TDA8376; TDA8376A
2
C-BUS SPECIFICATION
A6A5A4A3A2A1A0
10001011/0
Fig.4 Slave address (8A).
R/W
MLA743
1996 Jan 2612
Philips SemiconductorsObjective specification
I2C-bus controlled PAL/NTSC TV processors
8.2Inputs
Table 1 Input status bits
FUNCTION
Source select00INAINBINCINDFOAFOBXAXB
Decoder mode01FORF FORSDLSTBPOCCM2CM1CM0
Hue0200A5A4A3A2A1A0
Horizontal shift (HS)0300A5A4A3A2A1A0
E-W width (E-W)0400A5A4A3A2A1A0
E-W parabola/width (PW)0500A5A4A3A2A1A0
E-W corner parabola (CP)0600A5A4A3A2A1A0
E-W trapezium (TC)0700A5A4A3A2A1A0
Vertical slope (VS)08NCIN0A5A4A3A2A1A0
Vertical amplitude (VA)09VIDLBMA5A4A3A2A1A0
S-correction (SC)0AHCOEVGA5A4A3A2A1A0
Vertical shift (VSH)0BSBLPRDA5A4A3A2A1A0
White point R0CEXP
White point G0D0CVSA5A4A3A2A1A0
White point B0EMAT0A5A4A3A2A1A0
Peaking0FYD3YD2YD1YD0A3A2A1A0
Brightness10RBLCORA5A4A3A2A1A0
Saturation11IE1IE2A5A4A3A2A1A0
Contrast1200A5A4A3A2A1A0
Spare1300000000
Spare1400000000
Spare1500000000
Vertical zoom (VX, 76A)1600A5A4A3A2A1A0
SUBADDRESS
(HEX)
D7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0
(1)
CL
(1)
A5A4A3A2A1A0
TDA8376; TDA8376A
DATA BYTE
Note
1. The bits EXP and CL in subaddress 0C are only valid for the TDA8376. For the TDA8376A these two bits must be
set to logic 0.
Table 2 Output status bits
FUNCTION
Output status bytes00PORFSISTSSLXPRCD2CD1CD0
Note
1. X = don’t care.
1996 Jan 2613
SUBADDRESS
(HEX)
01NDFIN1IN2IFIAFAX
D7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0
DATA BYTE
(1)
SXASXB
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