Philips P87LPC764FD, P87LPC764BD, P87LPC764FN Datasheet

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

87LPC764

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin) microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

Preliminary specification Supersedes data of 1999 Aug 27 IC28 Data Handbook

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1999 Dec 21

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin) microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

T ABLE OF CONTENTS

General Description 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Features 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ordering Information 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pin Configuration,

20-Pin DIP and SO Packages 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Logic Symbol 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Block Diagram 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pin Descriptions 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Special Function Registers 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Functional Description 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Enhanced CPU 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Analog Functions 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Analog Comparators 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comparator Configuration 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Internal Reference Voltage 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comparator Interrupt 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comparators and Power Reduction Modes 12. . . . . . . . . . .

Comparator Configuration Example 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C Serial Interface 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C Interrupts 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reading I2CON 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Checking ATN and DRDY 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Writing I2CON 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Regarding Transmit Active 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Regarding Software Response Time 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Interrupts 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

External Interrupt Inputs 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I/O Ports 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quasi–Bidirectional Output Configuration 19. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Open Drain Output Configuration 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Push–Pull Output Configuration 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Keyboard Interrupt (KBI) 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Oscillator 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Low Speed Oscillator Option 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Medium Speed Oscillator Option 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

High Speed Oscillator Option 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

On-Chip RC Oscillator Option 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

External Clock Input Option 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Clock Output 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CPU Clock Modification: CLKR and DIVM 25. . . . . . . . . . . .

Absolute Maximum Ratings 46. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DC Electrical Characteristics 47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comparator Electrical Characteristics 48. . . . . . .

AC Electrical Characteristics 48. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

87LPC764

Power Monitoring Functions 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Brownout Detection 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power On Detection 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Reduction Modes 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Idle Mode 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Down Mode 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Low Voltage EPROM Operation 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reset 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timer/Counters 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mode 0 30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mode 1 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mode 2 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mode 3 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timer Overflow Toggle Output 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

UART 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mode 0 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mode 1 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mode 2 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mode 3 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Serial Port Control Register (SCON) 33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Baud Rates 34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Using Timer 1 to Generate Baud Rates 34. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

More About UART Mode 0 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

More About UART Mode 1 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

More About UART Modes 2 and 3 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Multiprocessor Communications 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Automatic Address Recognition 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Watchdog Timer 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Watchdog Feed Sequence 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Watchdog Reset 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Additional Features 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Software Reset 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dual Data Pointers 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

EPROM Characteristics 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Configuration Bytes 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Security Bits 46. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1999 Dec 21

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin) microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The 87LPC764 is a 20-pin single-chip microcontroller designed for low pin count applications demanding high-integration, low cost solutions over a wide range of performance requirements. A member of the Philips low pin count family, the 87LPC764 of fers programmable oscillator configurations for high and low speed crystals or RC operation, wide operating voltage range, programmable port output configurations, selectable Schmitt trigger inputs, LED drive outputs, and a built-in watchdog timer. The 87LPC764 is based on an accelerated 80C51 processor architecture that executes instructions at twice the rate of standard 80C51 devices.

FEA TURES

•An accelerated 80C51 CPU provides instruction cycle times of

300–600 ns for all instructions except multiply and divide when executing at 20 MHz. Execution at up to 20 MHz when V

= 4.5 V to 6.0 V, 10 MHz when VDD = 2.7 V to 6.0 V.

•2.7 V to 6.0 V operating range for digital functions.

•4 K bytes EPROM code memory.

•128 byte RAM data memory.

•32-byte customer code EPROM allows serialization of devices,

storage of setup parameters, etc.

•Two 16-bit counter/timers. Each timer may be configured to toggle

a port output upon timer overflow.

•Two analog comparators.

•Full duplex UART.

•I

C communication port.

•Eight keypad interrupt inputs, plus two additional external interrupt

inputs.

•Four interrupt priority levels.

•Watchdog timer with separate on-chip oscillator , requiring no

external components. The watchdog timeout time is selectable from 8 values.

87LPC764

•Active low reset. On-chip power-on reset allows operation with no

external reset components.

•Low voltage reset. One of two preset low voltage levels may be

selected to allow a graceful system shutdown when power fails. May optionally be configured as an interrupt.

•Oscillator Fail Detect. The watchdog timer has a separate fully

on-chip oscillator, allowing it to perform an oscillator fail detect function.

•Configurable on-chip oscillator with frequency range and RC

oscillator options (selected by user programmed EPROM bits). The RC oscillator option allows operation with no external oscillator components.

•Programmable port output configuration options:

quasi-bidirectional, open drain, push-pull, input-only.

•Selectable Schmitt trigger port inputs.

•LED drive capability (20 mA) on all port pins.

•Controlled slew rate port outputs to reduce EMI. Outputs have

approximately 10 ns minimum ramp times.

•15 I/O pins minimum. Up to 18 I/O pins using on-chip oscillator

and reset options.

•Only power and ground connections are required to operate the

87LPC764 when fully on-chip oscillator and reset options are selected.

•Serial EPROM programming allows simple in-circuit production

coding. Two EPROM security bits prevent reading of sensitive application programs.

•Idle and Power Down reduced power modes. Improved wakeup

from Power Down mode (a low interrupt input starts execution). Typical Power Down current is 1 µA.

•20-pin DIP and SO packages.

1999 Dec 21

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin) microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

ORDERING INFORMATION

Part Number Temperature Range °C and Package Frequency Drawing Number

P87LPC764B N 0 to +70, Plastic Dual In-Line Package 20 MHz (5 V), 10 MHz (3 V) SOT146–1 P87LPC764B D 0 to +70, Plastic Small Outline Package 20 MHz (5 V), 10 MHz (3 V) SOT163–1 P87LPC764F N –45 to +85, Plastic Dual In-Line Package 20 MHz (5 V), 10 MHz (3 V) SOT146–1 P87LPC764F D –45 to +85, Plastic Small Outline Package 20 MHz (5 V), 10 MHz (3 V) SOT163–1

PIN CONFIGURATION, 20-PIN DIP AND SO PACKAGES

CMP2/P0.0

P1.7 P1.6

RST

/P1.5

X1/P2.1

X2/CLKOUT/P2.0

/P1.4

INT1

SDA/INT0

/P1.3

SCL/T0/P1.2

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9

P0.1/CIN2B

20 19

P0.2/CIN2A

P0.3/CIN1B

P0.4/CIN1A

P0.5/CMPREF

P0.6/CMP1

P0.7/T1

P1.0/TxD

P1.1/RxD

87LPC764

LOGIC SYMBOL

CLKOUT/X2

CIN2B CIN2A CIN1B CIN1A

CMPREF

CMP1

SU01149

TxDCMP2 RxD T0 SCL INT0

PORT 0PORT 2

PORT 1

INT1 RST

SDA

SU01150

1999 Dec 21

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin) microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

BLOCK DIAGRAM

ACCELERATED

80C51 CPU

INTERNAL BUS

4K BYTE

CODE EPROM

128 BYTE

DATA RAM

PORT 2

CONFIGURABLE I/OS

87LPC764

UART

I2C

TIMER 0, 1

CRYSTAL OR RESONATOR

PORT 1

CONFIGURABLE I/OS

PORT 0

CONFIGURABLE I/OS

KEYPAD

INTERRUPT

CONFIGURABLE

OSCILLATOR

ON-CHIP

R/C

OSCILLATOR

WATCHDOG TIMER

AND OSCILLATOR

ANALOG

COMPARATORS

POWER MONITOR (POWER-ON RESET, BROWNOUT RESET)

SU01151

1999 Dec 21

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin) microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

FFFFh

UNUSED CODE

MEMORY SPACE

32-BYTE CUSTOMER

CODE SPACE

(ACCESSIBLE VIA MOVC)

UNUSED CODE

MEMORY SPACE

4 K BYTES ON-CHIP

CODE MEMORY

INTERRUPT VECTORS

ON-CHIP CODE

MEMORY SPACE

FCFFh

FCE0h

1000h 0FFFh

0000h

SPECIAL FUNCTION

REGISTERS

(ONLY DIRECTLY

ADDRESSABLE)

128 BYTES ON-CHIP DATA

MEMORY

(DIRECTLY AND

INDIRECTLY

ADDRESSABLE)

16-BIT ADDRESSABLE BYTES

ON-CHIP DATA

MEMORY SPACE

87LPC764

FFFFh

UNUSED SPACE

CONFIGURATION BYTES

UCFG1, UCFG2

(ACCESSIBLE VIA MOVX)

FFh

80h 7Fh

00h 0000h

UNUSED SPACE

EXTERNAL DATA

MEMORY SPACE*

FD01h

FD00h

* The 87LPC764 does not support access to external data memory. However, the User Configuration Bytes are accessed via the MOVX instruction as if they were in external data memory.

Figure 1. 87LPC764 Program and Data Memory Map

SU01216

1999 Dec 21

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin)

87LPC764

microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

PIN DESCRIPTIONS

MNEMONIC PIN NO. TYPE NAME AND FUNCTION

P0.0–P0.7 1, 13, 14,

P1.0–P1.7 2–4, 8–12 I/O Port 1: Port 1 is an 8-bit I/O port with a user-configurable output type, except for three pins as noted

P2.0–P2.1 6, 7 I/O Port 2: Port 2 is a 2-bit I/O port with a user-configurable output type. Port 2 latches are configured in the

16–20

1 O P0.0 CMP2 Comparator 2 output. 20 I P0.1 CIN2B Comparator 2 positive input B. 19 I P0.2 CIN2A Comparator 2 positive input A. 18 I P0.3 CIN1B Comparator 1 positive input B. 17 I P0.4 CIN1A Comparator 1 positive input A. 16 I P0.5 CMPREF Comparator reference (negative) input. 14 O P0.6 CMP1 Comparator 1 output. 13 I/O P0.7 T1 Timer/counter 1 external count input or overflow output.

12 O P1.0 TxD Transmitter output for the serial port. 11 I P1.1 RxD Receiver input for the serial port. 10 I/O

9 I

8 I P1.4 INT1 External interrupt 1 input.

4 I P1.5 RST External Reset input (if selected via EPROM configuration). A low on this pin

7 O P2.0 X2 Output from the oscillator amplifier (when a crystal oscillator option is

6 I P2.1 X1 Input to the oscillator circuit and internal clock generator circuits (when

5 I Ground: 0V reference. 15 I Power Supply: This is the power supply voltage for normal operation as well as Idle and

I/O Port 0: Port 0 is an 8-bit I/O port with a user-configurable output type. Port 0 latches are configured in

the quasi-bidirectional mode and have either ones or zeros written to them during reset, as determined by the PRHI bit in the UCFG1 configuration byte. The operation of port 0 pins as inputs and outputs depends upon the port configuration selected. Each port pin is configured independently. Refer to the section on I/O port configuration and the DC Electrical Characteristics for details.

The Keyboard Interrupt feature operates with port 0 pins. Port 0 also provides various special functions as described below.

below. Port 1 latches are configured in the quasi-bidirectional mode and have either ones or zeros written to them during reset, as determined by the PRHI bit in the UCFG1 configuration byte. The operation of the configurable port 1 pins as inputs and outputs depends upon the port configuration selected. Each of the configurable port pins are programmed independently. Refer to the section on I/O port configuration and the DC Electrical Characteristics for details.

Port 1 also provides various special functions as described below.

P1.2 T0 Timer/counter 0 external count input or overflow output.

I/O

P1.3 INT0 External interrupt 0 input.

I/O

quasi-bidirectional mode and have either ones or zeros written to them during reset, as determined by the PRHI bit in the UCFG1 configuration byte. The operation of port 2 pins as inputs and outputs depends upon the port configuration selected. Each port pin is configured independently. Refer to the section on I/O port configuration and the DC Electrical Characteristics for details.

Port 2 also provides various special functions as described below.

Power Down modes.

SCL I2C serial clock input/output. When configured as an output, P1.2 is open

SDA I2C serial data input/output. When configured as an output, P1.3 is open

CLKOUT CPU clock divided by 6 clock output when enabled via SFR bit and in

drain, in order to conform to I

resets the microcontroller, causing I/O ports and peripherals to take on their default states, and the processor begins execution at address 0. When used as a port pin, P1.5 is a Schmitt trigger input only.

selected via the EPROM configuration).

conjunction with internal RC oscillator or external clock input.

selected via the EPROM configuration).

C specifications.

1999 Dec 21

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin)

87LPC764

microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS

Name Description

SFR

Address

MSB LSB

E7 E6 E5 E4 E3 E2 E1 E0 ACC* Accumulator E0h 00h AUXR1# Auxiliary Function Register A2h KBF BOD BOI LPEP SRST 0 – DPS 02h

F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 F0 B* B register F0h 00h

CMP1#

CMP2#

DIVM#

Comparator 1 control register

Comparator 2 control register

CPU clock divide-by-M control

ACh – – CE1 CP1 CN1 OE1 CO1 CMF1 00h

ADh – – CE2 CP2 CN2 OE2 CO2 CMF2 00h

95h 00h

DPTR: Data pointer (2 bytes) DPH Data pointer high byte 83h 00h DPL Data pointer low byte 82h 00h

CF CE CD CC CB CA C9 C8 I2CFG#* I2C configuration register C8h/RD SLAVEN MASTRQ 0 TIRUN – – CT1 CT0 00h

C8h/WR SLAVEN MASTRQ CLRTI TIRUN – – CT1 CT0

DF DE DD DC DB DA D9 D8 I2CON#* I2C control register D8h/RD RDA T ATN DRDY ARL STR STP

D8h/WR CXA IDLE CDR CARL CSTR CSTP XSTR XSTP

I2DAT# I2C data register D9h/RD RDA T 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80h

D9h/WR XDAT x x x x x x x

AF AE AD AC AB AA A9 A8 IEN0* Interrupt enable 0 A8h EA EWD EBO ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 00h

EF EE ED EC EB EA E9 E8 IEN1#* Interrupt enable 1 E8h ETI – EC1 – – EC2 EKB EI2 00h

BF BE BD BC BB BA B9 B8 IP0* Interrupt priority 0 B8h – PWD PBO PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0 00h IP0H# Interrupt priority 0 high byte B7h – PWDH PBOH PSH PT1H PX1H PT0H PX0H 00h

FF FE FD FC FB FA F9 F8 IP1* Interrupt priority 1 F8h PTI – PC1 – – PC2 PKB PI2 00h IP1H# Interrupt priority 1 high byte F7h PTIH – PC1H – – PC2H PKBH PI2H 00h KBI# Keyboard Interrupt 86h 00h

87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80

P0* Port 0 80h T1 CMP1 CMPREF CIN1A CIN1B CIN2A CIN2B CMP2 Note 2

97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90

P1* Port 1 90h (P1.7) (P1.6) RST INT1 INT0 T0 RxD TxD Note 2

A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 P2* Port 2 A0h – – – – – – X1 X2 Note 2 P0M1# Port 0 output mode 1 84h (P0M1.7) (P0M1.6) (P0M1.5) (P0M1.4) (P0M1.3) (P0M1.2) (P0M1.1) (P0M1.0) 00h P0M2# Port 0 output mode 2 85h (P0M2.7) (P0M2.6) (P0M2.5) (P0M2.4) (P0M2.3) (P0M2.2) (P0M2.1) (P0M2.0) 00H P1M1# Port 1 output mode 1 91h (P1M1.7) (P1M1.6) – (P1M1.4) – – (P1M1.1) (P1M1.0) 00h P1M2# Port 1 output mode 2 92h (P1M2.7) (P1M2.6) – (P1M2.4) – – (P1M2.1) (P1M2.0) 00h P2M1# Port 2 output mode 1 A4h P2S P1S P0S ENCLK ENT1 ENT0 (P2M1.1) (P2M1.0) 00h P2M2# Port 2 output mode 2 A5h – – – – – – (P2M2.1) (P2M2.0) 00h PCON Power control register 87h SMOD1 SMOD0 BOF POF GF1 GF0 PD IDL Note 3

Bit Functions and Addresses

MASTER

Reset Value

– 80h

1 1

1999 Dec 21

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin)

87LPC764

microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

Name

PSW* Program status word D0h CY AC F0 RS1 RS0 OV F1 P 00h PT0AD# Port 0 digital input disable F6h 00h

SCON* Serial port control 98h SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI 00h SBUF SADDR# Serial port address register A9h 00h

SADEN# Serial port address enable B9h 00h SP Stack pointer 81h 07h

TCON* Timer 0 and 1 control 88h TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0 00h TH0 Timer 0 high byte 8Ch 00h TH1 Timer 1 high byte 8Dh 00h TL0 Timer 0 low byte 8Ah 00h TL1 Timer 1 low byte 8Bh 00h TMOD Timer 0 and 1 mode 89h GATE C/T M1 M0 GATE C/T M1 M0 00h

Description

Serial port data buffer register

SFR

Address

99h xxh

MSB LSB

D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

9F 9E 9D 9C 9B 9A 99 98

8F 8E 8D 8C 8B 8A 89 88

Bit Functions and Addresses

Reset Value

WDCON# Watchdog control register A7h – – WDRST# W atchdog reset register A6h xxh

NOTES:

* SFRs are bit addressable. # SFRs are modified from or added to the 80C51 SFRs.

1. Unimplemented bits in SFRs are X (unknown) at all times. Ones should not be written to these bits since they may be used for other purposes in future derivatives. The reset value shown in the table for these bits is 0.

2. I/O port values at reset are determined by the PRHI bit in the UCFG1 configuration byte.

3. The PCON reset value is x x BOF POF–0 0 0 0b. The BOF and POF flags are not affected by reset. The POF flag is set by hardware upon power up. The BOF flag is set by the occurrence of a brownout reset/interrupt and upon power up.

4. The WDCON reset value is xx11 0000b for a Watchdog reset, xx01 0000b for all other reset causes if the watchdog is enabled, and xx00 0000b for all other reset causes if the watchdog is disabled.

WDOVF

WDRUN WDCLK WDS2 WDS1 WDS0 Note 4

1999 Dec 21

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Low power, low price, low pin count (20 pin) microcontroller with 4 kB OTP

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Details of 87LPC764 functions will be described in the following sections.

Enhanced CPU

The 87LPC764 uses an enhanced 80C51 CPU which runs at twice the speed of standard 80C51 devices. This means that the performance of the 87LPC764 running at 5 MHz is exactly the same as that of a standard 80C51 running at 10 MHz. A machine cycle consists of 6 oscillator cycles, and most instructions execute in 6 or 12 clocks. A user configurable option allows restoring standard 80C51 execution timing. In that case, a machine cycle becomes 12 oscillator cycles.

In the following sections, the term “CPU clock” is used to refer to the clock that controls internal instruction execution. This may sometimes be different from the externally applied clock, as in the case where the part is configured for standard 80C51 timing by means of the CLKR configuration bit or in the case where the clock is divided down via the setting of the DIVM register. These features are described in the Oscillator section.

Analog Functions

The 87LPC764 incorporates two Analog Comparators. In order to give the best analog function performance and to minimize power consumption, pins that are actually being used for analog functions must have the digital outputs and the digital inputs disabled.

Digital outputs are disabled by putting the port output into the Input Only (high impedance) mode as described in the I/O Ports section.

Digital inputs on port 0 may be disabled through the use of the PT0AD register. Each bit in this register corresponds to one pin of

87LPC764

Port 0. Setting the corresponding bit in PT0AD disables that pin’s digital input. Port bits that have their digital inputs disabled will be read as 0 by any instruction that accesses the port.

Analog Comparators

Two analog comparators are provided on the 87LPC764. Input and output options allow use of the comparators in a number of different configurations. Comparator operation is such that the output is a logical one (which may be read in a register and/or routed to a pin) when the positive input (one of two selectable pins) is greater than the negative input (selectable from a pin or an internal reference voltage). Otherwise the output is a zero. Each comparator may be configured to cause an interrupt when the output value changes.

Comparator Configuration

Each comparator has a control register, CMP1 for comparator 1 and CMP2 for comparator 2. The control registers are identical and are shown in Figure 1.

The overall connections to both comparators are shown in Figure 2. There are eight possible configurations for each comparator, as determined by the control bits in the corresponding CMPn register: CPn, CNn, and OEn. These configurations are shown in Figure 3. The comparators function down to a V

When each comparator is first enabled, the comparator output and interrupt flag are not guaranteed to be stable for 10 microseconds. The corresponding comparator interrupt should not be enabled during that time, and the comparator interrupt flag must be cleared before the interrupt is enabled in order to prevent an immediate interrupt service.

of 3.0V .

CMPn

Address: ACh for CMP1, ADh for CMP2 Not Bit Addressable

01234567

COnOEnCNnCPnCEn——

BIT SYMBOL FUNCTION

CMPn.7, 6 — Reserved for future use. Should not be set to 1 by user programs. CMPn.5 CEn Comparator enable. When set by software, the corresponding comparator function is enabled.

Comparator output is stable 10 microseconds after CEn is first set.

CMPn.4 CPn Comparator positive input select. When 0, CINnA is selected as the positive comparator input. When

1, CINnB is selected as the positive comparator input.

CMPn.3 CNn Comparator negative input select. When 0, the comparator reference pin CMPREF is selected as

the negative comparator input. When 1, the internal comparator reference V negative comparator input.

CMPn.2 OEn Output enable. When 1, the comparator output is connected to the CMPn pin if the comparator is

enabled (CEn = 1). This output is asynchronous to the CPU clock.

CMPn.1 COn Comparator output, synchronized to the CPU clock to allow reading by software. Cleared when the

comparator is disabled (CEn = 0).

CMPn.0 CMFn Comparator interrupt flag. This bit is set by hardware whenever the comparator output COn changes

state. This bit will cause a hardware interrupt if enabled and of sufficient priority. Cleared by software and when the comparator is disabled (CEn = 0).

Figure 1. Comparator Control Registers (CMP1 and CMP2)

CMFn

Reset Value: 00h

is selected as the

ref

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COMPARATOR 1

–

COMPARATOR 2

(P0.4) CIN1A

(P0.3) CIN1B

(P0.5) CMPREF

(P0.2) CIN2A

(P0.1) CIN2B

CP1

ref

CN1

CP2

–

CN2

CO1

CO2

OE1

CHANGE DETECT

OE2

CHANGE DETECT

CMF1

87LPC764

CMP1 (P0.6)

INTERRUPT

CMP2 (P0.0)

CINnA

CMPREF

CINnA

Vref (1.23V)

CINnB

CMPREF

CPn, CNn, OEn = 0 0 0

–

CPn, CNn, OEn = 0 1 0

–

CPn, CNn, OEn = 1 0 0

–

Figure 2. Comparator Input and Output Connections

COn

CINnA

CMPREF

CINnA

(1.23V)

ref

CINnB

CMPREF

CMF2

CPn, CNn, OEn = 0 0 1

COn

–

CPn, CNn, OEn = 0 1 1

COn

–

CPn, CNn, OEn = 1 0 1

COn

–

INTERRUPT

SU01153

CMPn

1999 Dec 21

CPn, CNn, OEn = 1 1 0

CINnB

(1.23V) V

ref

COn

–

Figure 3. Comparator Configurations

CINnB

(1.23V)

ref

CPn, CNn, OEn = 1 1 1

COn

–

CMPn

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Internal Reference Voltage

An internal reference voltage generator may supply a default reference when a single comparator input pin is used. The value of the internal reference voltage, referred to as V

Comparator Interrupt

Each comparator has an interrupt flag CMFn contained in its configuration register . This flag is set whenever the comparator output changes state. The flag may be polled by software or may be used to generate an interrupt. The interrupt will be generated when the corresponding enable bit ECn in the IEN1 register is set and the interrupt system is enabled via the EA bit in the IEN0 register.

Comparators and Power Reduction Modes

Either or both comparators may remain enabled when Power Down or Idle mode is activated. The comparators will continue to function in the power reduction mode. If a comparator interrupt is enabled, a change of the comparator output state will generate an interrupt and

CmpInit:

mov PT0AD,#30h ; Disable digital inputs on pins that are used

anl P0M2,#0cfh ; Disable digital outputs on pins that are used orl P0M1,#30h ; for analog functions: CIN1A, CMPREF. mov CMP1,#24h ; Turn on comparator 1 and set up for:

call delay10us ; The comparator has to start up for at

anl CMP1,#0feh ; Clear comparator 1 interrupt flag. setb EC1 ; Enable the comparator 1 interrupt. The

setb EA ; Enable the interrupt system (if needed). ret ; Return to caller.

, is 1.28 V ±10%.

ref

; for analog functions: CIN1A, CMPREF.

; – Positive input on CIN1A. ; – Negative input from CMPREF pin. ; – Output to CMP1 pin enabled.

; least 10 microseconds before use.

; priority is left at the current value.

Figure 4.

87LPC764

wake up the processor. If the comparator output to a pin is enabled, the pin should be configured in the push-pull mode in order to obtain fast switching times while in power down mode. The reason is that with the oscillator stopped, the temporary strong pull-up that normally occurs during switching on a quasi-bidirectional port pin does not take place.

Comparators consume power in Power Down and Idle modes, as well as in the normal operating mode. This fact should be taken into account when system power consumption is an issue.

Comparator Configuration Example

The code shown in Figure 4 is an example of initializing one comparator. Comparator 1 is configured to use the CIN1A and CMPREF inputs, outputs the comparator result to the CMP1 pin, and generates an interrupt when the comparator output changes.

The interrupt routine used for the comparator must clear the interrupt flag (CMF1 in this case) before returning.

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I2C Serial Interface

The I2C bus uses two wires (SDA and SCL) to transfer information between devices connected to the bus. The main features of the bus are:

•Bidirectional data transfer between masters and slaves.

•Serial addressing of slaves (no added wiring).

•Acknowledgment after each transferred byte.

•Multimaster bus.

•Arbitration between simultaneously transmitting masters without

corruption of serial data on bus.

The I2C subsystem includes hardware to simplify the software required to drive the I addition to including the necessary arbitration and framing error checks, includes clock stretching and a bus timeout timer. The interface is synchronized to software either through polled loops or interrupts.

Refer to the application note AN422, entitled “Using the 8XC751 Microcontroller as an I the 8xC76x I

The 87LPC764 I2C implementation duplicates that of the 87C751 and 87C752 except for the following details:

•The interrupt vector addresses for both the I

Timer I interrupt.

•The I

•The location of the I

SFR it is located within (EI2 is Bit 0 in IEN1).

•The location of the Timer I interrupt enable bit and the name of the

SFR it is located within (ETI is Bit 7 in IEN1).

•The I

Timer I is used to both control the timing of the I detect a “bus locked” condition, by causing an interrupt when nothing happens on the I time while a transmission is in progress. If this interrupt occurs, the program has the opportunity to attempt to correct the fault and resume I

Six time spans are important in I

•The MINIMUM HIGH time for SCL when this device is the master.

•The MINIMUM LOW time for SCL when this device is a master.

This is not very important for a single-bit hardware interface like this one, because the SCL low time is stretched until the software responds to the I2C flags. The software response time normally meets or exceeds the MIN LO time. In cases where the software responds within MIN HI + MIN LO) time, timer I will ensure that the minimum time is met.

•The MINIMUM SCL HIGH TO SDA HIGH time in a stop condition.

•The MINIMUM SDA HIGH TO SDA LOW time between I

and start conditions (4.7ms, see I

•The MINIMUM SDA LOW TO SCL LOW time in a start condition.

•The MAXIMUM SCL CHANGE time while an I

progress. A frame is in progress between a start condition and the following stop condition. This time span serves to detect a lack of software response on this device as well as external I2C

C bus. The hardware is a single bit interface which in

C interface and sample driver routines.

C SFR addresses (I2CON, !2CFG, I2DAT).

C and Timer I interrupts have a settable priority.

C operation.

C Bus Master” for additional discussion of

C interrupt and the

C interrupt enable bit and the name of the

C bus and also to

C bus for an inordinately long period of

C operation and are insured by timer I:

C specification).

C frame is in

C stop

87LPC764

problems. SCL “stuck low” indicates a faulty master or slave. SCL “stuck high” may mean a faulty device, or that noise induced onto

the I

C bus caused all masters to withdraw from I2C arbitration.

The first five of these times are 4.7 ms (see I are covered by the low order three bits of timer I. Timer I is clocked by the 87LPC764 CPU clock. Timer I can be pre-loaded with one of four values to optimize timing for different oscillator frequencies. At lower frequencies, software response time is increased and will degrade maximum performance of the I register I2CFG description for prescale values (CT0, CT1).

The MAXIMUM SCL CHANGE time is important, but its exact span is not critical. The complete 10 bits of timer I are used to count out the maximum time. When I cleared by transitions on the SCL pin. The timer does not run between I2C frames (i.e., whenever reset or stop occurred more recently than the last start). When this counter is running, it will carry out after 1020 to 1023 machine cycles have elapsed since a change on SCL. A carry out causes a hardware reset of the I and generates an interrupt if the Timer I interrupt is enabled. In cases where the bus hang-up is due to a lack of software response by this device, the reset releases SCL and allows I among other devices to continue.

Timer I is enabled to run, and will reset the I overflow, if the TIRUN bit in the I2CFG register is set. The Timer I interrupt may be enabled via the ETI bit in IEN1, and its priority set by the PTIH and PTI bits in the Ip1H and IP1 registers respectively.

C Interrupts

C interrupts are enabled (EA and EI2 are both set to 1), an I2C

If I interrupt will occur whenever the ATN flag is set by a start, stop, arbitration loss, or data ready condition (refer to the description of ATN following). In practice, it is not efficient to operate the I this fashion because the I have to distinguish between hundreds of possible conditions. Also,

sinc e I

C can operate at a fairly high rate, the software may execute

faster if the code simply waits for the I Typically, the I

condition at an idle slave device, or a stop condition at an idle master device (if it is waiting to use the I2C bus). This is accomplished by enabling the I

Reading I2CON

RDAT The data from SDA is captured into “Receive DATa”

ATN “ATteNtion” is 1 when one or more of DRDY, ARL, STR, or

DRDY “Data ReaDY” (and thus ATN) is set when a rising edge

C interrupt should only be used to indicate a start

C interrupt only during the aforementioned conditions.

whenever a rising edge occurs on SCL. RDAT is also available (with seven low-order zeros) in the I2DAT register. The difference between reading it here and there is that reading I2DAT clears DRDY, allowing the

C to proceed on to another bit. Typically, the first seven bits of a received byte are read from I2DAT, while the 8th is read here. Then I2DAT can be written to send the Acknowledge bit and clear DRDY.

STP is 1. Thus, ATN comprises a single bit that can be tested to release the I

occurs on SCL, except at idle slave. DRDY is cleared by writing CDR = 1, or by writing or reading the I2DAT register. The following low period on SCL is stretched until the program responds by clearing DRDY.

C operation is enabled, this counter is

C interrupt service routine would somehow

C service routine from a “wait loop.”

C specification) and

C bus. See special function

C interface

C operation

C interface upon

C interface in

C interface.

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I2CON

Address: D8h Bit Addressable*

READ

WRITE

BIT SYMBOL FUNCTION

I2CON.7 RDAT Read: the most recently received data bit. “ CXA Write: clears the transmit active flag. I2CON.6 ATN Read: ATN = 1 if any of the flags DRDY, ARL, STP, or STP = 1.

“ IDLE Write: in the I

is needed again. I2CON.5 DRDY Read: Data Ready flag, set when there is a rising edge on SCL. “ CDR Write: writing a 1 to this bit clears the DRDY flag. I2CON.4 ARL Read: Arbitration Loss flag, set when arbitration is lost while in the transmit mode. “ CARL Write: writing a 1 to this bit clears the CARL flag. I2CON.3 STR Read: Start flag, set when a start condition is detected at a master or non-idle slave. “ CSTR Write: writing a 1 to this bit clears the STR flag. I2CON.2 STP Read: Stop flag, set when a stop condition is detected at a master or non-idle slave. “ CSTP Write: writing a 1 to this bit clears the STP flag. I2CON.1 MASTER Read: indicates whether this device is currently as bus master. “ XSTR Write: writing a 1 to this bit causes a repeated start condition to be generated. I2CON.0 — Read: undefined. “ XSTP Write: writing a 1 to this bit causes a stop condition to be generated.

C slave mode, writing a 1 to this bit causes the I2C hardware to ignore the bus until it

MASTERSTPSTRARLDRDYATNRDAT

87LPC764

Reset Value: 81h

01234567

—

XSTPXSTRCSTPCSTRCARLCDRIDLECXA

* Due to the manner in which bit addressing is implemented in the 80C51 family, the I2CON register should never be altered by use of the SETB, CLR, CPL, MOV (bit), or JBC instructions. This is due to the fact that read and write functions of this register are different. Testing of I2CON bits via the JB and JNB instructions is supported.

Figure 5. I

I2DAT

Address: D9h Not Bit Addressable

READ

WRITE

BIT SYMBOL FUNCTION

I2DAT.7 RDAT Read: the most recently received data bit, captured from SDA at every rising edge of SCL. Reading

I2DAT also clears DRDY and the Transmit Active state. “ XDAT Write: sets the data for the next transmitted bit. Writing I2DAT also clears DRDY and sets the

Transmit Active state. I2DAT.6–0 – Unused.

Figure 6. I2C Data Register (I2DAT)

C Control Register (I2CON)

Reset Value: xxh

01234567

——————RDAT

— ———————XDAT

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Checking ATN and DRDY

When a program detects ATN = 1, it should next check DRDY. If DRDY = 1, then if it receives the last bit, it should capture the data from RDAT (in I2DAT or I2CON). Next, if the next bit is to be sent, it should be written to I2DAT. One way or another, it should clear DRDY and then return to monitoring ATN. Note that if any of ARL, STR, or STP is set, clearing DRDY will not release SCL to high, so that the I ATN = 1, and DRDY = 0, it should go on to examine ARL, STR, and STP.

ARL “Arbitration Loss” is 1 when transmit Active was set, but

STR “STaRt” is set to a 1 when an I

STP “SToP” is set to 1 when an I

MASTER “MASTER” is 1 if this device is currently a master on

Writing I2CON

Typically, for each bit in an I ATN = 1. Based on DRDY, ARL, STR, and STP, and on the current

C will not go on to the next bit. If a program detects

this device lost arbitration to another transmitter. Transmit Active is cleared when ARL is 1. There are four separate cases in which ARL is set.

1. If the program sent a 1 or repeated start, but another device sent a 0, or a stop, so that SDA is 0 at the rising edge of SCL. (If the other device sent a stop, the setting of ARL will be followed shortly by STP being set.)

2. If the program sent a 1, but another device sent a repeated start, and it drove SDA low before SCL could be driven low. (This type of ARL is always accompanied by STR = 1.)

3. In master mode, if the program sent a repeated start, but another device sent a 1, and it drove SCL low before this device could drive SDA low.

4. In master mode, if the program sent stop, but it could not be sent because another device sent a 0.

C start condition is detected at a non-idle slave or at a master. (STR is not set when an idle slave becomes active due to a start bit; the slave has nothing useful to do until the rising edge of SCL sets DRDY.)

C stop condition is detected at a non-idle slave or at a master. (STP is not set for a stop condition at an idle slave.)

the I

C. MASTER is set when MASTRQ is 1 and the bus is not busy (i.e., if a start bit hasn’t been received since reset or a “Timer I” time-out, or if a stop has been received since the last start). MASTER is cleared when ARL is set, or after the software writes MASTRQ = 0 and then XSTP = 1.

C message, a service routine waits for

87LPC764

bit position in the message, it may then write I2CON with one or more of the following bits, or it may read or write the I2DAT register.

CXA Writing a 1 to “Clear Xmit Active” clears the Transmit

Active state. (Reading the I2DAT register also does this.)

Regarding Transmit Active

Transmit Active is set by writing the I2DAT register, or by writing I2CON with XSTR = 1 or XSTP = 1. The I the SDA line low when Transmit Active is set, and the ARL bit will only be set to 1 when Transmit Active is set. Transmit Active is cleared by reading the I2DAT register, or by writing I2CON with CXA = 1. Transmit Active is automatically cleared when ARL is 1.

IDLE Writing 1 to “IDLE” causes a slave’s I

ignore the I

C until the next start condition (but if MASTRQ is 1, then a stop condition will cause this device to become a master).

CDR Writing a 1 to “Clear Data Ready” clears DRDY.

(Reading or writing the I2DAT register also does this.)

CARL Writing a 1 to “Clear Arbitration Loss” clears the ARL bit. CSTR Writing a 1 to “Clear STaRt” clears the STR bit. CSTP Writing a 1 to “Clear SToP” clears the STP bit. Note that

if one or more of DRDY, ARL, STR, or STP is 1, the low time of SCL is stretched until the service routine responds by clearing them.

XSTR Writing 1s to “Xmit repeated STaRt” and CDR tells the

C hardware to send a repeated start condition. This should only be at a master. Note that XSTR need not and should not be used to send an “initial” (non-repeated) start; it is sent automatically by the I hardware. Writing XSTR = 1 includes the effect of writing I2DA T with XDAT = 1; it sets Transmit Active and releases SDA to high during the SCL low time. After SCL goes high, the I suitable minimum time and then drives SDA low to make the start condition.

XSTP Writing 1s to “Xmit SToP” and CDR tells the I

hardware to send a stop condition. This should only be done at a master. If there are no more messages to initiate, the service routine should clear the MASTRQ bit in I2CFG to 0 before writing XSTP with 1. Writing XSTP = 1 includes the effect of writing I2DAT with XDAT = 0; it sets Transmit Active and drives SDA low during the SCL low time. After SCL goes high, the I hardware waits for the suitable minimum time and then releases SDA to high to make the stop condition.

C interface will only drive

C hardware to

C hardware waits for the

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I2CFG

Address: C8h

Reset Value: 00h

Not Bit Addressable

01234567

CT1——TIRUNCLRTIMASTRQSLAVEN

CT0

BIT SYMBOL FUNCTION

I2CFG.7 SLAVEN Slave Enable. Writing a 1 this bit enables the slave functions of the I

MASTRQ are 0, the I

C hardware is disabled. This bit is cleared to 0 by reset and by an I2C

C subsystem. If SLAVEN and

time-out.

I2CFG.6 MASTRQ Master Request. Writing a 1 to this bit requests mastership of the I2C bus. If a transmission is in

progress when this bit is changed from 0 to 1, action is delayed until a stop condition is detected. A start condition is sent and DRDY is set (thus making ATN = 1 and generating an I When a master wishes to release mastership status of the I MASTRQ is cleared by an I

C time-out.

C, it writes a 1 to XSTP in I2CON.

C interrupt).

I2CFG.5 CLRTI Writing a 1 to this bit clears the Timer I overflow flag. This bit position always reads as a 0. I2CFG.4 TIRUN Writing a 1 to this bit lets Timer I run; a zero stops and clears it. Together with SLAVEN, MASTRQ,

and MASTER, this bit determines operational modes as shown in Table 1. I2CFG.2, 3 — Reserved for future use. Should not be set to 1 by user programs. I2CFG.1, 0 CT1, CT0 These two bits are programmed as a function of the CPU clock rate, to optimize the MIN HI and LO

time of SCL when this device is a master on the I

C. The time value determined by these bits

controls both of these parameters, and also the timing for stop and start conditions.

87LPC764

Figure 7. I

Regarding Software Response Time

Because the 87LPC764 can run at 20 MHz, and because the I interface is optimized for high-speed operation, it is quite likely that

an I

C service routine will sometimes respond to DRDY (which is set

C Configuration Register (I2CFG)

at a rising edge of SCL) and write I2DAT before SCL has gone low again. If XDAT were applied directly to SDA, this situation would produce an I

C protocol violation. The programmer need not worry about this possibility because XDAT is applied to SDA only when SCL is low.

Conversely, a program that includes an I a long time to respond to DRDY. Typically, an I

C service routine may take

C routine operates on a flag-polling basis during a message, with interrupts from other peripheral functions enabled. If an interrupt occurs, it will delay the response of the I about this very much either, because the I

C service routine. The programmer need not worry

C hardware stretches the SCL low time until the service routine responds. The only constraint on the response is that it must not exceed the Timer I time-out.

Values to be used in the CT1 and CT0 bits are shown in Table 2. To allow the I

C bus to run at the maximum rate for a particular oscillator frequency , compare the actual oscillator rate to the f OSC max column in the table. The value for CT1 and CT0 is found in the

SU01157

first line of the table where CPU clock max is greater than or equal to the actual frequency.

Table 2 also shows the machine cycle count for various settings of CT1/CT0. This allows calculation of the actual minimum high and low times for SCL as follows:

SCL min highńlow time (in microseconds) +

6 * Min Time Count CPU clock (in MHz)

For instance, at an 8 MHz frequency, with CT1/CT0 set to 1 0, the minimum SCL high and low times will be 5.25 µs.

Table 2 also shows the Timer I timeout period (given in machine cycles) for each CT1/CT0 combination. The timeout period varies because of the way in which minimum SCL high and low times are measured. When the I

C interface is operating, Timer I is pre-loaded at every SCL transition with a value dependent upon CT1/CT0. The pre-load value is chosen such that a minimum SCL high or low time has elapsed when Timer I reaches a count of 008 (the actual value pre-loaded into Timer I is 8 minus the machine cycle count).

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Table 1. Interaction of TIRUN with SLAVEN, MASTRQ, and MASTER

SLAVEN,

MASTRQ,

MASTER

All 0 0 All 0 1 The I2C interface is disabled.

Any or all 1 0

Any or all 1 1

Table 2. CT1, CT0 Values

TIRUN OPERATING MODE

The I2C interface is disabled. Timer I is cleared and does not run. This is the state assumed after a reset. If an I2C application wants to ignore the I2C at certain times, it should write SLAVEN, MASTRQ, and TIRUN all to zero.

The I2C interface is enabled. The 3 low-order bits of Timer I run for min-time generation, but the hi-order bits do not, so that there is no checking for I2C being “hung.” This configuration can be used for very slow I2C operation.

The I2C interface is enabled. Timer I runs during frames on the I2C, and is cleared by transitions on SCL, and by Start and Stop conditions. This is the normal state for I2C operation.

CT1, CT0

1 0 7 8.4 MHz 1023 0 1 6 7.2 MHz 1022 0 0 5 6.0 MHz 1021 1 1 4 4.8 MHz 1020

Min Time Count

(Machine Cycles)

CPU Clock Max

(for 100 kHz I2C)

87LPC764

Timeout Period

(Machine Cycles)

Interrupts

The 87LPC764 uses a four priority level interrupt structure. This allows great flexibility in controlling the handling of the 87LPC764’s many interrupt sources. The 87LPC764 supports up to 12 interrupt sources.

Each interrupt source can be individually enabled or disabled by setting or clearing a bit in registers IEN0 or IEN1. The IEN0 register also contains a global disable bit, EA, which disables all interrupts at once.

Each interrupt source can be individually programmed to one of four priority levels by setting or clearing bits in the IP0, IP0H, IP1, and IP1H registers. An interrupt service routine in progress can be interrupted by a higher priority interrupt, but not by another interrupt

of the same or lower priority. The highest priority interrupt service cannot be interrupted by any other interrupt source. So, if two requests of different priority levels are received simultaneously , the request of higher priority level is serviced.

If requests of the same priority level are received simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determines which request is serviced. This is called the arbitration ranking. Note that the arbitration ranking is only used to resolve simultaneous requests of the same priority level.

Table 3 summarizes the interrupt sources, flag bits, vector addresses, enable bits, priority bits, arbitration ranking, and whether each interrupt may wake up the CPU from Power Down mode.

Table 3. Summary of Interrupts

Description

External Interrupt 0 IE0 0003h EX0 (IEN0.0) IP0H.0, IP0.0 1 (highest) Yes Timer 0 Interrupt TF0 000Bh ET0 (IEN0.1) IP0H.1, IP0.1 4 No External Interrupt 1 IE1 0013h EX1 (IEN0.2) IP0H.2, IP0.2 7 Yes Timer 1 Interrupt TF1 001Bh ET1 (IEN0.3) IP0H.3, IP0.3 10 No Serial Port Tx and Rx TI & RI 0023h ES (IEN0.4) IP0H.4, IP0.4 12 No Brownout Detect BOD 002Bh EBO (IEN0.5) IP0H.5, IP0.5 2 Yes I2C Interrupt ATN 0033h EI2 (IEN1.0) IP1H.0, IP1.0 5 No KBI Interrupt KBF 003Bh EKB (IEN1.1) IP1H.1, IP1.1 8 Yes Comparator 2 interrupt CMF2 0043h EC2 (IEN1.2) IP1H.2, IP1.2 11 Yes Watchdog Timer WDOVF 0053h EWD (IEN0.6) IP0H.6, IP0.6 3 Yes Comparator 1 interrupt CMF1 0063h EC1 (IEN1.5) IP1H.5, IP1.5 9 Yes Timer I interrupt – 0073h ETI (IEN1.7) IP1H.7, IP1.7 13 (lowest) No

Interrupt

Flag Bit(s)

Vector

Address

Interrupt

Enable Bit(s)

Interrupt

Priority

Arbitration

Ranking

Power Down

Wakeup

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