Parallels H-Sphere - 3.5 Administrator’s Guide
Parallels H-Sphere 3.5 System
Administrator Guide
Parallels H-Sphere 3.5
Revision 1.0
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ISBN: N/A
Parallels Holdings, Ltd.
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© Copyright 2011,
Parallels, Inc.
All rights reserved
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Product and service names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.
Contents
Preface 4
Typographical Conventions ......................................................................................................... 18
Preface 18
Feedback ..................................................................................................................................... 19
About This Guide 20
Pre-configuration Wizard 21
Parallels H-Sphere config.xml ..................................................................................................... 23
Elements and Attributes .................................................................................................... 23
Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere 25
Integrated Third Party Products ................................................................................................... 26
Supplementary Software ............................................................................................................. 28
Used Libraries and Technologies ................................................................................................ 29
Update of Operating Systems 30
Updating FreeBSD Kernel ........................................................................................................... 31
Updating Linux ............................................................................................................................. 31
Linux Up2Date ................................................................................................................... 33
Linux Apt-Get..................................................................................................................... 33
Network Address Translation (NAT) 34
Configuring Newly Installed H-Sphere with NAT Support ........................................................... 35
Enabling NAT Support on a Live System .................................................................................... 36
Configuring NAT Firewall ............................................................................................................. 36
Migrating IPs with NAT ................................................................................................................ 37
NTP Time Servers ....................................................................................................................... 38
Server Time Synchronization 38
Control Panel Server Crons ......................................................................................................... 39
Cron Scripts 39
Web Server Crons ....................................................................................................................... 40
DNS Server Cron ......................................................................................................................... 40
Mail Server Crons ........................................................................................................................ 41
PostgreSQL/MySQL Server ........................................................................................................ 41
Traffic Calculation 42
Checking Traffic via Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel ............................................................... 43
Checking Traffic on Physical Servers .......................................................................................... 43
Processing Traffic by Crons ........................................................................................................ 44
HTTP traffic ....................................................................................................................... 44
User FTP traffic ................................................................................................................. 44
Virtual FTP traffic ............................................................................................................... 44
Mail traffic .......................................................................................................................... 44
Parsing Traffic by TrafficLoader .................................................................................................. 45
Changing IPs on Systems Without NAT ...................................................................................... 46
Preface 5
IP Migration (Changing IPs) 46
IP Migration Pre-requisites ................................................................................................ 47
IP Migration Map File ........................................................................................................ 48
IP Migration Map XML File ...................................................................................... 49
Creating ipmigration.xml Manually .................................................................................... 49
Creating ipmigration.xml by Parallels H-Sphere IP Migrator ............................................. 49
IP Migration Step by Step .................................................................................................. 50
Running the IP Migrator Script ................................................................................ 51
Step 1. Changing Physical Server IPs ............................................................................................ 52
Step 2. Preparing IP Migration Map ............................................................................................ 52
Step 3. Reposting configs ............................................................................................................. 53
Step 4. Final Check ....................................................................................................................... 53
Step 5. Changing System and Logical IPs ..................................................................................... 55
Changing External IPs on Systems with NAT ............................................................................. 56
Changing Internal IPs on Systems With NAT .............................................................................. 57
Configuring Parallels H-Sphere to Work on Two Sets of IPs ...................................................... 57
Restarting Services 58
Restarting Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel .............................................................................. 60
Restarting Parallels H-Sphere Database..................................................................................... 60
Restarting Web Server ................................................................................................................ 61
Restarting PostgreSQL Server .................................................................................................... 61
Restarting Mail Server ................................................................................................................. 62
Linux: ....................................................................................................................... 62
FreeBSD: ................................................................................................................ 62
Preface 6
Restarting MySQL Server ............................................................................................................ 62
Restarting Named ........................................................................................................................ 63
Control Panel Server 64
Understanding Control Panel Server Configuration .................................................................... 65
Installed Software .............................................................................................................. 65
Interaction Between Servers ............................................................................................. 66
Location of CP Files and Directories ................................................................................. 66
The Parallels H-Sphere Configuration File ........................................................................ 67
Control Panel Apache Server Configuration ..................................................................... 67
Control Panel Back-End Servlet Engine ........................................................................... 67
Reseller Configuration ....................................................................................................... 67
Reseller SSL Configuration ............................................................................................... 68
CP SSL Configuration ....................................................................................................... 68
CP Apache Log Files ......................................................................................................... 68
CP Traffic Calculation ........................................................................................................ 69
The Parallels H-Sphere System Database ....................................................................... 69
The System Database Settings ......................................................................................... 69
Logging into the System Database ................................................................................... 69
VACUUM Utility ................................................................................................................. 70
CP Mail Queue .................................................................................................................. 70
Logging in as the cpanel User ..................................................................................................... 71
Logging into Parallels H-Sphere System Database .................................................................... 71
Launching Control Panel Cron Jobs ............................................................................................ 71
CP Cron XML Configuration Files ..................................................................................... 72
Background Job Manager ................................................................................................. 72
Configuring Tomcat ..................................................................................................................... 72
Tomcat Configuration Files ............................................................................................... 73
Tomcat Log File ................................................................................................................. 73
Restarting Tomcat ............................................................................................................. 73
Customizing Tomcat Environment Variables .................................................................... 73
Running Java Command Line Tools ........................................................................................... 75
DNSCreator ....................................................................................................................... 76
IPMigratorFast ................................................................................................................... 77
PhysicalCreator ................................................................................................................. 78
PostApacheConfigs ........................................................................................................... 79
PostFTPConfigs ................................................................................................................ 79
ServerAliasesRenamer ..................................................................................................... 80
ChangeLServerId .............................................................................................................. 81
MIVAEmpresaFix............................................................................................................... 81
KeyPairGenerator .............................................................................................................. 82
PGPEncrypter.................................................................................................................... 82
PGPMessageSigner .......................................................................................................... 82
PGPMessageVerify ........................................................................................................... 83
RepostResellerSSLConfigs ............................................................................................... 83
ServiceZoneRenamer ....................................................................................................... 84
BillingEraser ...................................................................................................................... 84
SetQuota ........................................................................................................................... 85
UrchinReconfig .................................................................................................................. 85
OffLogs .............................................................................................................................. 86
Reset Balance ................................................................................................................... 87
RegenerateIpsFile ............................................................................................................. 87
LicenseExtractor ................................................................................................................ 88
MailRelayCorrector ............................................................................................................ 89
Securing Your CP Server with SSL ............................................................................................. 90
Disabling HTTP Access ..................................................................................................... 92
Switching Between IP and Domain Name ........................................................................ 93
Upgrading Java ............................................................................................................................ 93
Supported Versions ........................................................................................................... 93
Preface 7
Linux ........................................................................................................................ 93
FreeBSD ................................................................................................................. 93
Upgrade Procedure ........................................................................................................... 94
Automatically By Means of Parallels H-Sphere Update Script ............................... 94
Manually from Java 1.4.2 SDK by Sun Microsystems (Linux Only) ....................... 94
Converting Parallels H-Sphere System Database from MS SQL to PgSQL ............................... 95
Step 1. Convert Database from MSSQL Server to MySQL .............................................. 96
Step 2. Convert Database from MySQL Server to PgSQL ............................................... 97
Upgrading System Postgres ........................................................................................................ 98
Converting Parallels H-Sphere Database To UNICODE........................................................... 100
Accelerating Control Panel ........................................................................................................ 103
Parallels H-Sphere Java-related Issues .......................................................................... 103
1. Tomcat Optimization ......................................................................................... 103
2. NFU Cache Optimization .................................................................................. 103
Optimizing Parallels H-Sphere System Database ........................................................... 105
Converting Bigint to Int4 ........................................................................................ 105
Updating Moddb .................................................................................................... 106
Performing VACUUM ............................................................................................ 107
Optimizing Postgres .............................................................................................. 108
Moving Transaction Logs to a Separate Hard Drive .................................................................. 109
Upgrading Postgres to the Latest Version ............................................................ 110
Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................... 110
Changing CP URL ..................................................................................................................... 110
Changing IP Address to Domain Name in CP URL ........................................................ 111
Changing Parallels H-Sphere Port .................................................................................. 111
Changing Entire CP URL ................................................................................................ 112
Setting Multiple Alternative CP URL's ............................................................................. 113
Migrating Control Panel Server ................................................................................................. 114
Generating SSH Keys for Parallels H-Sphere Servers ............................................................. 116
Encrypting Trouble Tickets ........................................................................................................ 117
Generating PGP Public Key and PGP Private Key ......................................................... 117
Enabling PGP Encryption In Your Support Center.......................................................... 118
Encrypting Texts With PGP Public Key ........................................................................... 118
Using Encrypted Parts in Trouble Tickets ....................................................................... 118
Customizing Domain Registration Lookup Script ...................................................................... 119
Web Server 121
Understanding Web Server Configuration ................................................................................. 122
Core services: ....................................................................................................... 122
Additional software: ............................................................................................... 122
Security schemes: ................................................................................................. 122
FTP Server ...................................................................................................................... 123
User FTP ............................................................................................................... 124
Log File ....................................................................................................................................... 124
Configuration ............................................................................................................................. 124
Download/Upload Permissions ................................................................................................. 124
User FTP Traffic Calculation ....................................................................................................... 124
Virtual FTP ............................................................................................................ 125
Log File ....................................................................................................................................... 125
Configuration ............................................................................................................................. 125
Virtual FTP Traffic Calculation .................................................................................................... 126
FTP Over SSL/TLS ............................................................................................... 126
Preface 8
SSL Implementation on Unix Web Servers ..................................................................... 127
Dedicated SSL................................................................................................................. 127
Shared SSL ..................................................................................................................... 127
Third Party Log Analyzers Integrated in Parallels H-Sphere .......................................... 128
Webalizer .............................................................................................................. 129
ModLogAn ............................................................................................................. 130
AWStats ................................................................................................................ 131
Urchin .................................................................................................................... 131
WebShell ......................................................................................................................... 132
WebShell CGI Mode ............................................................................................. 132
MnoGoSearch ................................................................................................................. 133
MnoGoSearch Configuration Scripts .................................................................... 133
mnogosearch-init ....................................................................................................................... 133
mnogosearch-set ....................................................................................................................... 134
MnoGoSearch frontend ......................................................................................... 134
Parallels H-Sphere Jail .................................................................................................... 135
Utilities ................................................................................................................... 135
File Managers ....................................................................................................... 135
Scripts ................................................................................................................... 136
Preventing Manipulation with Logs Directory Permissions........................................................ 137
Altering Virtual Host Configuration ............................................................................................ 138
Calculating Web Traffic.............................................................................................................. 139
Using Third-Party Log Analyzers for Traffic Calculation ................................................. 140
Log Rotation .......................................................................................................... 140
Calculating Parallels H-Sphere Built-In Traffic ................................................................ 141
Traffic Log ............................................................................................................. 141
Analyzing Logs ...................................................................................................... 141
TrafficLoader ......................................................................................................... 141
Adding Directories for User Homes ........................................................................................... 142
Installing Ruby on Rails ............................................................................................................. 142
Installing Chili!Soft ASP ............................................................................................................. 143
WORKFLOW ................................................................................................................... 143
Installing mod_perl ..................................................................................................................... 150
Installing Zend Optimizer ........................................................................................................... 151
Mail System 154
Understanding Parallels H-Sphere Mail .................................................................................... 155
Mail Package ................................................................................................................... 155
Included Software ............................................................................................................ 155
Webmails ......................................................................................................................... 156
Enabling SqWebMail ............................................................................................. 156
Setting SMTP Server for IMP ................................................................................ 157
Enabling/Disabling ImapProxy .............................................................................. 157
Localizing Webmails ............................................................................................. 158
ImapProxy ............................................................................................................. 159
IMAP Server .................................................................................................................... 159
Starting IMAP Server ............................................................................................ 160
Configuring IMP with IMAP ................................................................................... 160
Preface 9
Choosing Remote Web and MySQL Logical Servers for Horde Webmail Frontend ................. 161
Changing Mail Server Roles ...................................................................................................... 162
Blocking IPs on Mail Servers ..................................................................................................... 163
Adding Qmail Settings to IP/Subnet .......................................................................................... 164
Bouncing Mail ............................................................................................................................ 164
1. Separate IP for Sending Bounced Mail ....................................................................... 165
2. Processing Error Responses ....................................................................................... 165
3. Bounced Message Delivery ......................................................................................... 166
Configuring Qmail ...................................................................................................................... 166
Antivirus and Antispam Filters (SpamAssassin and ClamAV) ........................................ 167
Updating Virus Patterns ........................................................................................ 168
Enabling Antivirus and Antispam .......................................................................... 168
Configuring ClamAV and SpamAssassin at the Server Level .............................. 168
Restarting ClamAV and SpamAssassin ................................................................ 168
Updating ClamAV Database ................................................................................. 169
User Settings ......................................................................................................... 169
Integrated Antispam Addons ........................................................................................... 169
Qmail Server Settings ..................................................................................................... 170
Mail Client Headers ............................................................................................... 178
Autoresponder Settings......................................................................................... 178
Bounce Message Customization .......................................................................... 179
Mail Protocols ........................................................................................................ 179
SPF (Sender Policy Framework) .......................................................................... 180
SRS (Sender Rewriting Scheme) ......................................................................... 181
Command Line Qmail Configuration ............................................................................... 181
Syslog Facility/Level Configuration For rblsmtpd ............................................................ 182
SMTP Log ........................................................................................................................ 183
Mail Client and ESMTP Destination Server .................................................................... 183
Qmail-spp Support .......................................................................................................... 184
Configuration Details ............................................................................................. 184
Qmail TLS Support .......................................................................................................... 185
Integrated Plugins ........................................................................................................... 185
Rblspp Plugin ........................................................................................................ 185
Choosing Remote MySQL Logical Server for SpamAssassin................................................... 186
SPF and SRS ............................................................................................................................ 187
SPF (Sender Policy Framework) ..................................................................................... 188
DNS TXT Records ................................................................................................ 188
SMTP Server ......................................................................................................... 189
SRS (Sender Re-write Scheme) ..................................................................................... 189
Updating SpamAssassin Rulesets Automatically ...................................................................... 189
Sa-update Script .............................................................................................................. 190
Rules Du Jour Script ....................................................................................................... 191
Initialization Script ................................................................................................. 191
Configuration File .................................................................................................. 192
Preface 10
Migrating Mail Server/IP ............................................................................................................ 194
Moving Mail Domains ................................................................................................................ 197
Calculating Mail Traffic .............................................................................................................. 199
Mail Traffic Log ................................................................................................................ 199
POP3 and IMAP Traffic ................................................................................................... 200
Web Mailing List Traffic ................................................................................................... 201
SpamGuard Setup ..................................................................................................................... 201
DNS Server 202
DNS Config Files ....................................................................................................................... 203
Parallels H-Sphere DNS Zones ....................................................................................... 203
Custom DNS Zones ........................................................................................................ 203
Reverse DNS ................................................................................................................... 204
Restarting Named ...................................................................................................................... 204
Bind 9.3 ...................................................................................................................................... 205
New Features .................................................................................................................. 205
Restarting Bind ................................................................................................................ 205
Using rndc ....................................................................................................................... 206
Managing DNS Zones ........................................................................................... 206
rndc Config File ..................................................................................................... 206
Preface 11
Adding DNS Servers.................................................................................................................. 207
Configuring Single DNS ............................................................................................................. 207
Installing and Configuring MyDNS ............................................................................................. 209
Installation ....................................................................................................................... 209
Uninstallation ................................................................................................................... 209
Migrating DNS from Bind to MyDNS ......................................................................................... 210
Moving DNS ............................................................................................................................... 211
Removing Broken DNS Zones .................................................................................................. 213
Removing User Domain Zone ......................................................................................... 215
Removing Service Domain Zone..................................................................................... 216
Using DNS Creator .................................................................................................................... 217
Installing MySQL Server ............................................................................................................ 218
MySQL Server 218
Step 1. Checking for MySQL on Your Box ...................................................................... 219
Step 2. Downloading MySQL .......................................................................................... 219
Step 3. Installing MySQL ................................................................................................. 219
Step 4. Configuring MySQL ............................................................................................. 220
Step 5. Adding MySQL Server to Parallels H-Sphere ..................................................... 220
Backing Up MySQL Database ................................................................................................... 220
Running Parallels H-Sphere MySQL Scripts ............................................................................. 221
Getting Remote Access to MySQL Logical Server .................................................................... 222
Enabling Linked Tables in phpMyAdmin ................................................................................... 223
Changing MySQL Root Password ............................................................................................. 224
Option 1 ........................................................................................................................... 224
Option 2 ........................................................................................................................... 225
Moving MySQL .......................................................................................................................... 226
Step 1. Preparing Servers ............................................................................................... 226
Step 2. Moving MySQL Content ...................................................................................... 226
Step 3. Updating System Database ................................................................................ 226
Step 4. Updating Resellers' Server Aliases ..................................................................... 227
Step 5. Synchronizing MySQL Content ........................................................................... 227
Step 6. Finalizing the Migration ....................................................................................... 227
Step 7. Checking Functionality ........................................................................................ 227
Moving MySQL Accounts .......................................................................................................... 228
Installing PostgreSQL Server .................................................................................................... 230
PostgreSQL Server 230
Step 1. Checking for PostgreSQL ................................................................................... 231
Step 2. Downloading PostgreSQL................................................................................... 231
Step 3. Installing PostgreSQL ......................................................................................... 232
Step 4. Configuring PostgreSQL ..................................................................................... 232
Backing Up PostgreSQL Database ........................................................................................... 233
Using VACUUM Utility ............................................................................................................... 233
Running PostgreSQL Scripts ..................................................................................................... 234
Changing Postgres User Password ........................................................................................... 235
Localizing PostgreSQL .............................................................................................................. 236
Configuring Parallels H-Sphere to Use Non-Default MySQL/PostgreSQL Versions ................ 236
Choosing Remote Web Logical Servers for phpMyAdmin/phpPgAdmin Frontends ................. 238
Downgrading Postgres .............................................................................................................. 239
Windows Servers 240
Winbox Directory Structure ........................................................................................................ 241
HSphere .......................................................................................................................... 241
HShome ........................................................................................................................... 242
HSlogfiles ........................................................................................................................ 243
Preface 12
Restarting Winbox Service ........................................................................................................ 243
Restarting IIS ............................................................................................................................. 244
Enabling Winbox Shared SSL ................................................................................................... 244
Integrating Winbox Shared SSL ...................................................................................... 245
IIS 6.0 .................................................................................................................... 245
Updating Winbox Shared SSL ......................................................................................... 245
IIS 6.0 .................................................................................................................... 245
Winbox Statistics ....................................................................................................................... 246
Statistics Modules ........................................................................................................... 246
Services.Stats.dll ................................................................................................... 246
WaWrapper.exe .................................................................................................... 247
Awstats_updateall.pl ............................................................................................. 247
Module Log Files ................................................................................................... 248
Setting Up SharePoint to Use MSSQL Server .......................................................................... 248
Preinstallation Requirements .......................................................................................... 248
Installing and Configuring SharePoint ............................................................................. 250
Step 1. Installing MSSQL Server .......................................................................... 250
Step 2. Selecting Authentication Mode for SQL Server ........................................ 250
Step 3. Installing SharePoint ................................................................................. 251
Step 4. Configure Parallels H-Sphere to Use SharePoint .................................... 252
Adding ODBC Resource ............................................................................................................ 252
Interface ........................................................................................................................... 253
odbc-getdrivers.asp ............................................................................................... 253
odbc-getparams.asp ............................................................................................. 254
odbc-createdatasrc.asp......................................................................................... 254
odbc-updatedatasrc.asp........................................................................................ 255
odbc-deletedatasrc.asp ......................................................................................... 255
Configuration ................................................................................................................... 256
Configuring ColdFusion ............................................................................................................. 258
Specifying default ASP.NET version ......................................................................................... 259
Enabling ASP.NET 4.0 .............................................................................................................. 260
Moving Log Files ........................................................................................................................ 261
Removing Old Log Files ............................................................................................................ 261
Moving User Homes .................................................................................................................. 263
Changing hsadmin Login and Password ................................................................................... 263
Winbox IP Migration................................................................................................................... 264
Step 1. Bind Target IPs on Winbox ................................................................................. 264
Step 2. Add Double Bindings on IIS ................................................................................ 265
Step 3. Create Migration XML ......................................................................................... 265
Step 4. Run the Migration ................................................................................................ 266
Step 5. Remove Old IP Bindings on IIS .......................................................................... 266
Winbox Security Scheme .......................................................................................................... 267
Accounts Hierarchy ......................................................................................................... 267
IIS Security Management ................................................................................................ 268
NTFS permissions ........................................................................................................... 269
Windows 2003/2008 .............................................................................................. 269
Relevant to both platforms .................................................................................... 269
Preface 13
FrontPage Server Extensions Management Notes ......................................................... 269
ASP.NET Management Notes ......................................................................................... 270
Migration Notes ............................................................................................................... 270
Recovery Notes ............................................................................................................... 271
Calculating Winbox Traffic ......................................................................................................... 271
Microsoft SQL Server 272
Installing Microsoft SQL 2005 Server ........................................................................................ 273
Moving MS SQL Databases Across Servers ............................................................................. 274
Moving MS SQL Databases to a New Location ........................................................................ 275
Virtual rivate Servers 279
Configuring MRTG ..................................................................................................................... 280
Managing MRTG Service ................................................................................................ 280
Dedicated Servers 280
Configuration Directory and File ...................................................................................... 281
Scripts Processing Data .................................................................................................. 281
RRD Files ........................................................................................................................ 281
The Problem with Calculating Large (>100mbps) Bandwidth Traffic .............................. 281
Common Packages ................................................................................................................... 283
System Packages 283
hsphere-info: Collecting Information About Parallels H-Sphere Servers into XML Configs284
hsphere-update Package ................................................................................................ 285
upackages Syntax ........................................................................................................... 285
Parallels H-Sphere Perl Modules .................................................................................... 287
Supported Perl Versions ....................................................................................... 288
Parallels H-Sphere Apache ............................................................................................. 289
Web Service Packages ......................................................................................... 289
Support of Apache 2.2.x and 1.3.x ........................................................................ 290
Tuning Web Service from the CP Interface .......................................................... 291
Apache Settings ......................................................................................................................... 291
PHP Settings ............................................................................................................................... 292
Fastcgi Settings .......................................................................................................................... 293
Apache Modules ................................................................................................... 294
Apache Configuration ............................................................................................ 297
Web Statistics Software ........................................................................................ 299
Apache 2.2.x ......................................................................................................... 299
Apache 1.3.x ......................................................................................................... 299
Apache Logs and Web Traffic Calculation in Parallels H-Sphere ........................ 299
Log Rotate Config File .......................................................................................... 299
Apache Suexec ..................................................................................................... 300
Parallels H-Sphere PHP .................................................................................................. 300
Configuring PHP from the Interface ...................................................................... 301
PHP Components ................................................................................................. 301
Ldap ...................................................................................................................... 301
Pear ....................................................................................................................... 301
Pecl ....................................................................................................................... 301
Objects in PHP 5 ................................................................................................... 301
PHP Test Page ..................................................................................................... 302
Customizing php.ini Configuration File ................................................................. 302
Preface 14
PHP Modules Installed with Parallels H-Sphere PHP Packages.......................... 302
PHP Modules Default Location ............................................................................. 306
Enabling/Disabling PHP Modules ......................................................................... 306
php.info ................................................................................................................. 306
Configuring PHP Safe Mode ................................................................................. 307
Adding PHP Extensions ........................................................................................ 308
Compilation Requirements ........................................................................................................ 308
Adding New Extensions ............................................................................................................. 309
Adding PEAR Modules ............................................................................................................... 309
Adding PECL Modules ................................................................................................................ 309
Enabling/Disabling Built-in PHP Modules .................................................................................. 310
Parallels SiteStudio Packages ................................................................................................... 310
Load Balancing 311
Load Balancers................................................................................................................ 313
Supported NAS................................................................................................................ 313
Load Balanced Cluster .................................................................................................... 313
Implementation of Load Balanced Cluster in Parallels H-Sphere ............................................. 314
Load Balanced Cluster in CP .......................................................................................... 315
Distribution of Requests Across Load Balanced Cluster ................................................ 315
Shared Content ............................................................................................................... 315
Specific Master/Slave Content ........................................................................................ 316
Synchronization Between Master and Slave Servers ..................................................... 316
Traffic Calculation ............................................................................................................ 317
Load Balanced Cluster Map ............................................................................................ 318
NAT Configuration for Load Balanced Clusters .............................................................. 319
Load Balancing Support in Parallels H-Sphere ......................................................................... 320
Installing Load Balanced Web/Mail Clusters in Parallels H-Sphere .......................................... 321
Step 1. Install and Configure Load Balancer ................................................................... 322
Step 2. Prepare NAS ....................................................................................................... 322
NetApp Hardware .................................................................................................. 322
Generic Linux NFS ................................................................................................ 323
RedHat GFS .......................................................................................................... 325
Step 3. Prepare Master and Slave Web/Mail Boxes ....................................................... 326
Step 4. Install Parallels H-Sphere to Load Balanced Parallels H-Sphere Clusters ........ 328
Quota Managers ........................................................................................................................ 329
Migratable Resources ..................................................................................................... 330
Resources Migration 330
Migration Procedure .................................................................................................................. 331
Step 1. Create XML File Containing User Data .............................................................. 331
Creating User Migration XMLs in Parallels H-Sphere ........................................... 332
DTD Structure of Reseller XML Migration File ........................................................................... 334
Data Type Definitions ...................................................................................................... 334
DTD Chart ....................................................................................................................... 334
Attributes Description ...................................................................................................... 334
Creating User Migration XMLs Outside Parallels H-Sphere ................................. 336
Files ................................................................................................................................. 336
XML Validation ................................................................................................................ 336
Step 2. Create XML File Containing Reseller Plan Data ................................................ 337
Migrating Plans with XML...................................................................................... 338
Plan Extractor ............................................................................................................................. 339
Preface 15
Plan Creator ............................................................................................................................... 339
XML Document Structure .......................................................................................................... 340
XML Elements and Attributes .................................................................................................... 341
Preface 16
Step 3. Prepare The Target Control Panel ...................................................................... 343
Step 4. Create Reseller Plans ......................................................................................... 343
Step 5. Create Resellers ................................................................................................. 343
Step 6. Create End Users ............................................................................................... 344
Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................... 344
Backup and Recovery 345
Backing Up Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel Server .............................................................. 346
System DB Dump ............................................................................................................ 347
Parallels H-Sphere Backup and Recovery List ......................................................................... 347
Recovering Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel .......................................................................... 349
Step 1. Prepare for the Recovery .................................................................................... 349
Step 2. Recover System Data ......................................................................................... 349
Files and Directories To Be Recovered .......................................................................... 350
Recovering Unix Hosted Parallels H-Sphere Servers ............................................................... 351
Step 1. Prepare Crashed Server for Recovery ............................................................... 352
Step 2. Run Parallels H-Sphere Updater ........................................................................ 352
Step 3. Run the Recovery Tool ....................................................................................... 352
Step 4. Restore User Content ......................................................................................... 353
Restoring Files and Directories from Backup ............................................................................ 354
Restoring the Parallels H-Sphere System Database From Backup .......................................... 354
Restoring the Parallels H-Sphere Database on a Server with PostgreSQL Not Installed356
Restoring the Parallels H-Sphere Database Content if PostgreSQL Is Installed: ........... 357
Fixing Crashed Parallels H-Sphere Database ........................................................................... 358
Backing Up Winbox ................................................................................................................... 359
Backing Up the Metabase ............................................................................................... 360
Backing Up MS SQL Databases ..................................................................................... 360
Backing Up User Content ................................................................................................ 360
Recovering Winbox .................................................................................................................... 361
Step 1. Back Up User Content ........................................................................................ 362
Step 2. Install Parallels H-Sphere ................................................................................... 362
Step 3. Set Up Dedicated IPs .......................................................................................... 362
Step 4. Prepare Target Winbox for Physical Creator ...................................................... 363
Step 5. Run PhysicalCreator on the CP Box ................................................................... 363
Step 6. Restore Content from Backup ............................................................................ 364
Step 7. Install Shared SSL .............................................................................................. 364
Step 8. Set Correct NTFS Permissions and Owner for the Home Directory .................. 365
Recovering Winbox Quota ......................................................................................................... 366
Miva Installation for *nix ............................................................................................................. 367
Requirements .................................................................................................................. 367
Miva 367
Miva Empresa Installation ............................................................................................... 368
Miva Merchant Installation ............................................................................................... 371
Miva Installation for Windows .................................................................................................... 372
Updating Miva 4 to Miva 5 ......................................................................................................... 373
Urchin 374
Urchin 4 and 5 Installation on Unix ............................................................................................ 375
Urchin 4 and 5 Installation on Windows .................................................................................... 377
Urchin 4 And Urchin 5 Database Utilities .................................................................................. 378
Urchin Database Utilities ................................................................................................. 378
Urchin Database Tables .................................................................................................. 378
RealServer 382
Preface 17
RealServer Installation for Unix ................................................................................................. 383
RealServer Installation for Windows .......................................................................................... 388
RealServer Config File Example ............................................................................................... 388
Softaculous 396
Softaculous Installation for Unix ................................................................................................ 397
In this chapter:
Typographical Conventions ............................................................................... 18
Feedback .......................................................................................................... 19
Formatting convention
Type of Information
Example
Special Bold
Items you must select,
such as menu options,
command buttons, or
items in a list.
Go to the System tab.
Titles of chapters,
sections, and
subsections.
Read the Basic
Administration chapter.
Italics
Used to emphasize the
importance of a point, to
introduce a term or to
designate a command
line placeholder, which is
to be replaced with a real
name or value.
The system supports the
so called wildcard
character search.
Monospace
The names of
commands, files,
directories, and domain
names.
The license file is located
in the
http://docs/common/
licenses directory.
C H A P T E R 1
Preface
Typographical Conventions
Before you start using this guide, it is important to understand the documentation
conventions used in it.
The following kinds of formatting in the text identify special information.
Preface 19
Preformatted
On-screen computer
output in your commandline sessions; source
code in XML, C++, or
other programming
languages.
# ls –al /files
total 14470
Preformatted
Bold
What you type,
contrasted with on-screen
computer output.
# cd /root/rpms/php
CAPITALS
Names of keys on the
keyboard.
SHIFT, CTRL, ALT
KEY+KEY
Key combinations for
which the user must
press and hold down one
key and then press
another.
CTRL+P, ALT+F4
Feedback
If you have found a mistake in this guide, or if you have suggestions or ideas on how to
improve this guide, please send your feedback using the online form at
http://www.parallels.com/en/support/usersdoc/. Please include in your report the
guide's title, chapter and section titles, and the fragment of text in which you have found
an error.
C H A P T E R 2
About This Guide
Welcome to the Parallels H-Sphere System Administrator Guide. It aims at system
administrators and explains how to install, configure and maintain Parallels H-Sphere
and its components.
C H A P T E R 3
Pre-configuration Wizard
This document explains how to shape your Parallels H-Sphere cluster, add boxes and
hosting services and configure basic Parallels H-Sphere settings after Control Panel
installation.
Parallels H-Sphere Pre-Configuration Wizard writes the cluster configuration into the
specially formatted config.xml file (download sample config.xml from
http://hsphere.parallels.com/HSdocumentation/xmls/config.xml). The Configuration File
form on the main page enables you to:
Import: You upload the prepared XML file from a local machine to Parallels H-
Sphere and later reconfigure Parallels H-Sphere in the wizard.
Export: export config.xml with your Parallels H-Sphere cluster configuration to
your local machine.
Restore to Default: choose this option to recreate config.xml and to restart
configuring Parallels H-Sphere cluster in the wizard.
To complete the pre-configuration wizard:
1 Click the Edit General Settings icon on the right corner of the General
Settings caption and fill in the data on the page that appears:
System Domain: Specify the service domain name here.
One Server Installation: check this box if you need a single server installation.
Use NAT IP mapping: Check this box if you implement NAT (on page 395) on your
Parallels H-Sphere.
Press Submit and return to the main page of the wizard.
22 Pre-configuration Wizard
In this chapter:
Parallels H-Sphere config.xml ........................................................................... 23
2 If you choose multiple server installation mode, you will see the Add
Physical Server icon on the right corner of the Physical Servers caption.
Click this icon and proceed to the form for adding new physical
servers and services.
Here you set physical server name, IP, root password to connect to, and choose
which hosting services (CP, Web, mail, DNS, MySQL, PostgreSQL) will be installed
there.
Note: At the moment, VPS, Windows, MRTG are not installed via Parallels HSphere pre-configuration wizard.
Choose Use defaults for this server to apply default names for Parallels H-Sphere
logical servers on this server. By default, they are named webN, mailN, nsN, mailN,
mysqlN, respectively.
3 After you have added physical servers into Parallels H -Sphere cluster,
you will see them on the main page of the wizard.
Click the Edit icon in front of a physical server in the list and edit logical server
parameters. More on Logical Servers read in Parallels H-Sphere Service
Administrator Guide.
4 After you have done with Parallels H-Sphere configuration, press
Proceed Installation Wizard.
5 You will be taken to the Confirm Installation page. To complete
installation via CP web interface, click Yes, continue
6 On the page that appears check the servers you want to be
updated/installed and click Start.
To see the update log, click the server name link.
7 When update is finished and the light turns green, click Proceed to
complete installation.
8 On the page that appears, click Return to Admin CP.
You will be taken to the administrator control panel where you can maintain your
hosting business.
Pre-configuration Wizard 23
Parallels H-Sphere config.xml
The config.xml file is used in Parallels H-Sphere Pre-configuration Wizard (on page
395). It contains Parallels H-Sphere cluster configuration: physical servers with their IPs
and root passwords to install Parallels H-Sphere to, and logical servers to be installed
on these boxes.
During regular Parallels H-Sphere installation, config.xml is formed in Parallels HSphere Pre-Configuration wizard in admin CP and is temporarily stored in the
~cpanel/.settings directory. After completing Parallels H- Sphere installation in
the postinstall mode, installer removes this file. However, the postinstall mode
won't continue if config.xml is missing or is different from the one used at the
installation.
When installer runs in the install mode, it is required that you specify location of the
correctly formed config.xml. See Appendix B. Installation Script Options of Parallels HSphere Control Panel Installation Guide.
Elements and Attributes
In the following chart xml elements are marked in bold and their attributes -- in italics.
physicalServers - a list of Parallels H-Sphere physical servers, each of them
described as physicalServer with attributes:
id - id of the physical server
name - name of the physical server
password - root password to the physical server Each physicalServer contains ip and
logicalServers elements:
ip - server IP with attribute:
type - type of the physical server
Element ip contains such child elements:
addr - IP address
ipExt - external IP for NAT mapping
Note: If Parallels H-Sphere does not use NAT, this child element is redundant.
mask - IP mask
logicalServers - a list of Parallels H-Sphere logical servers each of them described
as logicalServer with attributes:
group - group of the logical server
id -id of the logical server
name - name of the logical server
Each logicalServer element contains ips element - a list of IPs, each of them
described as ip with the following child elements:
24 Pre-configuration Wizard
addr - IP address
ipExt - external IP for NAT mapping
Note: If Parallels H-Sphere does not use NAT this child element is redundant.
mask - IP mask
systemzone - a Parallels H-Sphere DNS zone
hsversion - a Parallels H-Sphere version
In this chapter:
Integrated Third Party Products ......................................................................... 26
Supplementary Software ................................................................................... 28
Used Libraries and Technologies ...................................................................... 29
C H A P T E R 4
Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere
This chapter lists various types of software used in Parallels H-Sphere.
26 Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere
Integrated Third Party Products
Even though we integrate or use the below products in Parallels H-Sphere, we do not
assume any responsibility for bugs in their source code. Should you have any problems
with these products, please contact the developers. The packages are listed in the
alphabetical order.
BS Counter http://www.stanback.net/programming/bscounter
"This is a web hit counter/tracker written in Perl, features include: blocking of multiple
hits from the same user, insertion of commas, text-based or graphical modes, supports
multiple counters from the same script, and tracks users' browsers, operating systems,
locations, top 20 referrers, and top 20 search engine keywords. (requires SSI OR
GD.pm)"
ezmlm http://www.ezmlm.org
"ezmlm is a modern mailing list manager. Its purpose is to efficiently send a message
to a large number of recipients with minimal delay. It allows automated additions and
subtractions from the subscriber database. In addition, it may keep an archive of
messages. It can also impose restrictions on what may be sent or retrieved and by
whom. Some mailing list managers keep a database of subscriber information and
tailor the message specifically for each subscriber. ezmlm sends the same message to
all subscribers. This is much more efficient. The benefits to the user are that on
average posts to ezmlm lists reach subscribers much faster than they would with other
mailing list manager."
FormMail http://www.scriptarchive.com/formmail.html
"FormMail is a generic WWW form to e-mail gateway, which will parse the results of
any form and send them to the specified user. This script has many formatting and
operational options, most of which can be specified through the form, meaning you
don't need any programming knowledge or multiple scripts for multiple forms. This also
makes FormMail a perfect system-wide solution for allowing users form-based user
feedback capabilities without the risks of allowing freedom of CGI access."
Miva Merchant http://www.miva.com
"Miva Merchant is a dynamic browser based storefront development and management
system that allows merchants to create and administrate multiple online stores from
anywhere in the world."
mnoGoSearch http://www.mnogosearch.org/
"mnoGoSearch (formerly known as UdmSearch) is a full-featured web search engine
software for intranet and internet servers. mnoGoSearch software has a number of
unique features, which makes it appropriate for a wide range of applications from
search within your site to specialized search systems such as cooking recipes or
newspaper searches, ftp archive search, MP3 search, news articles search or even
national-wide portal search engine."
ModLogAn http://jan.kneschke.de/projects/modlogan/
"ModLogAn is a modular logfile analyzer which is able to analyze logfiles from 15
different server types."
Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere 27
MySQL http://www.mysql.com
"MySQL is the world's most popular open source database, recognized for its speed
and reliability."
OpenSSL http://www.openssl.org
"The OpenSSL Project is a collaborative effort to develop a robust, commercial-grade,
full-featured, and Open Source toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL
v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) protocols as well as a full-strength
general purpose cryptography library managed by a worldwide community of volunteers
that use the Internet to communicate, plan, and develop the OpenSSL toolkit and its
related documentation." Parallels H-Sphere uses system OpenSSL packages. Make
sure you keep them updated. OpenSSL packages are upgraded as any other system
packages.
osCommerce http://www.oscommerce.com
"osCommerce is an online shop e-commerce solution under on going development by
the open source community. Its feature packed out-of-the-box installation allows store
owners to setup, run, and maintain their online stores with minimum effort and with
absolutely no costs or license fees involved."
phpBB http://www.phpbb.com
"phpBB is a high powered, fully scalable, and highly customisable open-source bulletin
board package. phpBB has a user-friendly interface, simple and straightforward
administration panel, and helpful FAQ. Based on the powerful PHP server language
and your choice of MySQL, MS-SQL, PostgreSQL or Access/ODBC database servers,
phpBB is the ideal free community solution for all web sites."
phpMyAdmin http://www.phpmyadmin.net
"phpMyAdmin is a tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of MySQL
over the WWW. Currently it can create and drop databases, create/drop/alter tables,
delete/edit/add fields, execute any SQL statement, manage keys on fields."
Urchin http://www.urchin.com
"Urchin is the fastest and most accurate web analytics (web statistics) software
available." It is a commercial product and is available for Windows 2000, Linux RedHat,
and FreeBSD platforms."
WebBBS http://www.extropia.com/scripts/bbs.html
"eXtropia WebBBS allows a user to post messages as well as post replies to existing
messages. WebBBS keeps track of which messages are posts and which ones are
replies and displays them in a hierarchical tree-like fashion. Posts that start new topics
are at the top of each tree, and the replies are shown indented beneath the original
posts."
WebChat http://www.extropia.com/opensource.html
"eXtropia WebChat is a useful application that allows a number of people on the World
Wide Web to talk to one another simultaneously. The ability to chat on the Web can be
a quick way to hold a virtual meeting."
28 Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere
WebGuestbook http://www.extropia.com/opensource.html
eXtropia WebGuestbook is "configurable so that you can specify what your guestbook
file looks like and how the script-generated responses are displayed. If configured to do
so, WebGuestbook will email the guestbook administrator the text of new entries as
well as add them to the guestbook. The script will also respond to new entrants with a
configurable "Thank you" message... Finally, the application comes with the capability
of 'four letter word' filtering for a child-safe guestbook. You can censor words by adding
them to a list of 'bad words'."
Webalizer http://www.mrunix.net/webalizer/
"The Webalizer is a fast, free web server log file analysis program. It produces highly
detailed, easily configurable usage reports in HTML format, for viewing with a standard
web browser."
Supplementary Software
Apache http://www.apache.org/
The Apache web-server is used as the back-end for all of PSoft applications running on
the Unix platform. More information about configuring and maintaining Apache is
available at the Apache project site.
Postgresql http://www.postgresql.org/
While our products are designed to work with any SQL-compliant database server,
PostgreSQL is the server we use for internal development and testing. Their website
not only explains how to properly set up this free database, but also has some
information about SQL in general.
ProFTPD http://proftpd.net
"Highly configurable GPL-licensed FTP server software."
qmail http://www.qmail.org/top.html
"qmail is a secure, reliable, efficient, simple message transfer agent. It is designed for
typical Internet-connected UNIX hosts. As of October 2001, qmail is the second most
common SMTP server on the Internet, and has by far the fastest growth of any SMTP
server."
vpopmail http://www.inter7.com/vpopmail.html
"vpopmail (vchkpw) is a collection of programs and a library to automate the creation
and maintenance of virtual domain email configurations for qmail installations using
either a single UID/GID or any valid UID/GID in /etc/passwd with a home directory.
Features are provided in the library for other applications which need to maintain virtual
domain email accounts. It supports named or IP-based domains. It works with vqadmin,
qmailadmin, vqregister, sqwebmail, and courier-imap. It supports MySQL, Sybase,
Oracle, LDAP, and file-based (DJB constant database) authentication. It supports
SMTP authentication combined with the qmail-smtp-auth patch. It supports user quotas
and roaming users (SMTP relay after POP authentication)."
Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere 29
Used Libraries and Technologies
CGI http://cgi.resourceindex.com
Freemarker http://freemarker.sourceforge.net
Positive Software uses Freemarker 1.5.1 template format for Parallels H-Sphere and
Parallels SiteStudio. Please refer to this site for detailed information about the format
and capabilities of Freemarker.
HTML http://developer.netscape.com
Java 1.4 http://www.javasoft.com/
Perl http://www.perl.org/
PHP http://www.php.net/ and http://www.zend.com/
XML http://www.oasis-open.org/
In this chapter:
Updating FreeBSD Kernel ................................................................................. 31
Updating Linux .................................................................................................. 31
C H A P T E R 5
Update of Operating Systems
We do not recommend major OS updates that result in changing of OSCODE (refer to
Appendix D of Parallels H-Sphere Installation Guide). Rather, perform server migration.
You can have it done by Parallels H-Sphere support team,
http://www.parallels.com/support/hsphere/, or migrate servers by yourself using the
following manuals:
Moving Mail Service (on page 194)
Moving DNS (on page 211)
Moving MySQL (on page 226)
Moving CP Server (on page 114)
However, if you did update your OS to another major version, delete the file
/hsphere/shared/bin/oscode.
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